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  • Species Specificity  (116)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (116)
  • American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)
  • 1980-1984  (83)
  • 1975-1979  (33)
  • 1935-1939
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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (116)
  • American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)
Years
Year
  • 1
    Publication Date: 1984-02-24
    Description: The suprachiasmatic nucleus has been identified tentatively as a circadian pacemaker. To examine the functional role of peptides found within suprachiasmatic neurons, avian pancreatic polypeptide and vasopressin were microinjected into the suprachiasmatic region. Avian pancreatic polypeptide, but not vasopressin, shifted the phase of the wheelrunning rhythm as a function of the time of its injection within the circadian cycle. Avian pancreatic polypeptide or a similar peptide may be one component of the neurochemical processes underlying entrainment to the light-dark cycle.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Albers, H E -- Ferris, C F -- Leeman, S E -- Goldman, B D -- GM-31199/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HD-18022/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Feb 24;223(4638):833-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6546454" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Birds ; Cerebral Ventricles/drug effects ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Cricetinae ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/pharmacology ; Neuropeptide Y ; Pancreatic Polypeptide/*pharmacology ; Species Specificity ; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus/*drug effects ; Vasopressins/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1984-11-23
    Description: Endonuclease restriction (Hind III) fragments of DNA from Chinese hamster X mouse somatic cell hybrids hybridized with proline-rich protein complementary DNA clones only when the DNA was isolated from cells containing mouse chromosome 8, or a fragment of chromosome 8. The evidence suggests that proline-rich protein genes are located at the proximal portion of chromosome 8 toward the centromere.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Azen, E A -- Carlson, D M -- Clements, S -- Lalley, P A -- Vanin, E -- AM 19175/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- DEO 3658-19/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- GM 20069/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 23;226(4677):967-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6095444" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chromosome Mapping ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; *Genes ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Peptides/*genetics ; Proline-Rich Protein Domains ; Protein Biosynthesis ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Salivary Proteins and Peptides/*genetics ; Species Specificity
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 1984-11-23
    Description: The elasmobranch spiracular organ is a specialized receptor associated with the first visceral pouch. The structure of the sensory epithelium of the spiracular organ and the pattern of central termination of the afferent neurons that innervate it show that the spiracular organ is a mechanoreceptor closely related to the lateral line system of sense organs. Its position and orientation within the spiracular cleft suggest that it plays a role in proprioception or equilibrium-audition.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barry, M A -- Boord, R L -- NS 11272/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 23;226(4677):990-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6505680" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Afferent Pathways/anatomy & histology ; Animals ; Fishes/*anatomy & histology ; Mechanoreceptors/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Sharks/*anatomy & histology ; Species Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 4
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1984-08-03
    Description: The brain has diversified and advanced in evolution more than any other organ; the variety of nervous systems and behaviors among animal species is thus available for our exploitation. Comparative neuroscience is likely to reach insights so novel as to constitute revolutions in understanding the structure, functions, ontogeny, and evolution of nervous systems. This promise requires pursuit on a wide front, in respect to disciplines and in respect to the species, stages, and states compared. It also requires deliberate concentration on the differences among animals, in addition to the prevailing concern for the basic and common. Neglect of these challenges would be costly. Without due consideration of the neural and behavioral correlates of differences between higher taxa and between closely related families, species, sexes, and stages, we cannot expect to understand our nervous systems or ourselves.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bullock, T H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 3;225(4661):473-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6740319" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Brain/*physiology ; Electrophysiology ; Humans ; Invertebrates ; Neurons/physiology ; Species Specificity ; Synapses/physiology ; Vertebrates
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1984-08-24
    Description: Malaria parasites can be grouped evolutionarily by analysis of DNA composition and genome arrangement. Those that vary widely with regard to host range, morphology, and biological characteristics fit into only a small number of distinctive groups. The DNA of the human parasite Plasmodium falciparum fits into a group that includes rodent and avian malarias and is unlike the DNA of other primate malaria parasites. The DNA of Plasmodium vivax, which is also a human parasite, fits into a distinctly different group that includes Plasmodium cynomolgi, a parasite of monkeys. The evolutionary lines suggested here appear to be consistent with similarities seen among malaria parasites with regard to gene sequence.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McCutchan, T F -- Dame, J B -- Miller, L H -- Barnwell, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 24;225(4664):808-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6382604" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Composition ; Base Sequence ; *Biological Evolution ; DNA/*analysis ; Deoxycytidine/analysis ; Deoxyguanosine/analysis ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Plasmodium/*classification/genetics ; Plasmodium berghei/classification/genetics ; Plasmodium falciparum/classification/genetics ; Plasmodium vivax/classification/genetics ; Species Specificity
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1984-11-30
    Description: A single recessive gene, lpr, induces an autoimmune-lymphoproliferative syndrome in several strains of mice. The lymphoid organs of lpr/lpr mice contained cells with increased amounts of myb RNA, which codes for a protein found in the nucleus. A similar human lymphoproliferative disorder also had an increase in c-myb expression. Mouse T cells induced by mitogens to proliferate did not express large amounts of myb RNA, indicating that marked myb expression is not a general feature of lymphocyte activation and proliferation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mountz, J D -- Steinberg, A D -- Klinman, D M -- Smith, H R -- Mushinski, J F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 30;226(4678):1087-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6494925" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autoantibodies/*genetics ; Autoimmune Diseases/*genetics ; Female ; *Genes, Recessive ; Lymphocytes/immunology ; Lymphoproliferative Disorders/*genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Oncogenes ; Species Specificity ; Spleen/immunology ; *Transcription, Genetic
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 1984-11-23
    Description: The tachykinins are a family of peptides with the carboxyl terminal amino acid sequence Phe-X-Gly-Leu-Met-NH2. Three major mammalian tachykinins have been identified--substance K, neuromedin K, and substance P--but only two tachykinin receptors have been postulated. Three tachykinins were labeled with radioiodinated Bolton-Hunter reagent and their binding characteristics were determined in crude membrane suspensions from several tissues. In cerebral cortex labeled eledoisin exhibited high-affinity binding that was inhibited by tachykinins in a manner indicating a definitive SP-E receptor site. In gastrointestinal smooth muscle and bladder, high-affinity binding of labeled substance P was inhibited in a pattern indicating a definitive SP-P site. In intestinal smooth muscle and bladder, however, labeled substance K and labeled eledoisin were both bound in a pattern indicating a preference for substance K itself. The results suggest the existence of three distinct types of tachykinin receptors: SP-P, SP-E, and SP-K.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Buck, S H -- Burcher, E -- Shults, C W -- Lovenberg, W -- O'Donohue, T L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 23;226(4677):987-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6095447" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Binding, Competitive ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex/*metabolism ; Duodenum/*metabolism ; Guinea Pigs ; Intestine, Small/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Organ Specificity ; Peptides/*metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Neurokinin-2 ; Receptors, Neurotransmitter/*metabolism ; *Receptors, Tachykinin ; Species Specificity ; Tachykinins ; Urinary Bladder/*metabolism
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1984-02-10
    Description: Data are presented suggesting a resolution to the paradox concerning the murine response subregion I-J, which encodes a suppressor T cell marker. The controversy arose when sequences corresponding to I-J DNA were not found in the central immune response region described by immunogeneticists. New evidence is presented that T cell surface I-J expression results from the action of at least two complementing genes. One gene is within the H-2 region on chromosome 17; the second gene, termed Jt, is on chromosome 4. The two recombinant mouse strains B10.A(3R) and B10.A(5R) originally used to define the I-J subregion apparently differ not within the H-2 region but elsewhere.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hayes, C E -- Klyczek, K K -- Krum, D P -- Whitcomb, R M -- Hullett, D A -- Cantor, H -- CA34106/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- T 32 CA 09106/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- T 32 GM 07215/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Feb 10;223(4636):559-63.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6607530" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antigens, Surface/*genetics ; Chromosome Mapping ; *Genes ; *Major Histocompatibility Complex ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Species Specificity ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology
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  • 9
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1984-10-05
    Description: Japanese macaques were trained to discriminate two forms of their coo vocalization before and after unilateral and bilateral ablation of the temporal cortex. Unilateral ablation of the left superior temporal gyrus, including auditory cortex, resulted in an initial impairment in the discrimination, but similar unilateral ablation of the right superior temporal gyrus had no effect. Bilateral temporal lesions including auditory cortex completely abolished the ability of the animals to discriminate their coos. Neither unilateral nor bilateral ablation of cortex dorsal to and sparing the auditory cortex had any effect on the discrimination. The perception of species-specific vocalizations by Japanese macaques seems to be mediated by the temporal cortex, with the left hemisphere playing a predominant role.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Heffner, H E -- Heffner, R S -- HD 02528/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- NS 12992/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- RR 07037/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Oct 5;226(4670):75-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6474192" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Auditory Cortex/*physiology ; *Auditory Perception ; Macaca/*physiology ; Species Specificity ; Speech Perception ; Temporal Lobe/*physiology ; *Vocalization, Animal
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  • 10
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1984-08-03
    Description: Ribosomes derived from the sulfur-dependent archaebacteria are structurally distinct from those types found in ribosomes from eubacteria, eukaryotes, and other archaebacteria. All four ribosome types share a common structural core, but each type also has additional independent structural features. In the smaller subunit derived from sulfur-dependent archaebacteria ("eocytes"), lobes, similar to those found at the base of the eukaryotic small subunits, and an archaebacterial bill, similar to those found on the smaller subunit of archaebacteria and eukaryotes, are present. On the larger subunit from sulfur-dependent archaebacteria, an eocytic lobe, eocytic gap, and eocytic bulge are present. These features, with the exception of the eocytic gap, are found in a slightly modified form on eukaryotic large subunits. These novel ribosomal properties are in general consistent with other molecular biological properties peculiar to these organisms.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Henderson, E -- Oakes, M -- Clark, M W -- Lake, J A -- Matheson, A T -- Zillig, W -- GM 24034/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 3;225(4661):510-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6429855" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Archaea/ultrastructure ; Halobacterium/ultrastructure ; Microscopy, Electron ; Models, Structural ; Ribosomes/*ultrastructure ; Species Specificity
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 1984-02-24
    Description: A common cellular sequence was independently transduced by avian carcinoma virus MH2 (v-mht) and murine sarcoma virus (MSV) 3611 (v-raf). Comparison of the nucleotide sequences of v-mht and v-raf revealed a region of homology that extends over 969 nucleotides. The homology between the corresponding amino acids was about 95 percent with only 19 of 323 amino acids being different. With this example, 5 of the 19 known different viral onc genes have been observed in viruses of different taxonomic groups. These data indicate that (i) the number of cellular proto-onc genes is limited because, like other viruses of different taxonomic groups, MH2 and MSV 3611 have transduced the same onc gene-specific sequences from different cell species and (ii) that specific deletion and linkage of the same proto-onc sequences to different viral vector elements affect the oncogenic potential of the resulting viruses. The difference in transformation capabilities of MH2 and MSV 3611 serves as an example.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kan, N C -- Flordellis, C S -- Mark, G E -- Duesberg, P H -- Papas, T S -- CA11426/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Feb 24;223(4638):813-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6320371" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alpharetrovirus/*genetics ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Chickens/genetics ; Genes, Viral ; Mice ; *Oncogenes ; Sarcoma Viruses, Murine/*genetics ; Species Specificity ; Transduction, Genetic
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  • 12
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1984-03-02
    Description: Anti-idiotype reagents that recognize a common idiotype associated with antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) were used to induce anti-HBs in mice. The anti-idiotype-induced anti-HBs was found to recognize the group-specific a determinant of hepatitis B surface antigen and to express an interspecies idiotype. These findings suggest that anti-idiotypes may be useful as vaccines or vaccine primers.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kennedy, R C -- Melnick, J L -- Dreesman, G R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Mar 2;223(4639):930-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6198721" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cross Reactions ; Epitopes/immunology ; Hepatitis B Antibodies/*biosynthesis/immunology ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/classification/*immunology ; Immunization, Passive ; Immunoglobulin Idiotypes/*immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Species Specificity
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  • 13
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1984-11-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 23;226(4677):955.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6505675" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics ; Female ; *Genes ; Male ; Mice/*genetics ; Ranidae/*genetics ; Species Specificity
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  • 14
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1984-08-03
    Description: Striated skeletal muscles from the planktonic arrowworm Sagitta elegans (phylum Chaetognatha) were voltage-clamped. The muscles displayed classical voltage-dependent sodium channels that (i) showed peak transient currents when the membrane was depolarized 90 millivolts from rest, (ii) opened rapidly with peak currents flowing within 0.4 milliseconds at 4 degrees C, (iii) showed voltage-dependent inactivation with 50 percent inactivation at +25 millivolts from rest, and (iv) were blocked by 500 nanomolar tetrodotoxin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schwartz, L M -- Stuhmer, W -- AM17803/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 3;225(4661):523-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6330898" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials/drug effects ; Animals ; Annelida/physiology ; Ion Channels/drug effects/*physiology ; Moths ; Muscles/*physiology ; Rana temporaria ; Sodium/*metabolism ; Species Specificity ; Tetrodotoxin/toxicity
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 1984-11-23
    Description: The antidepressant compounds clomipramine and nitroimipramine were cidal to extracellular promastigotes of both human protozoan parasites Leishmania donovani and Leishmania major. Clomipramine also killed amastigotes of both species within murine macrophages with no apparent toxicity to the host cells. Further, amastigotes were more sensitive than promastigotes to clomipramine. Clomipramine (100 micromoles per liter or 0.2 nanomole per 1 X 10(6) cells) inhibited L-proline transport in promastigotes. Synergistic inhibition of L-proline transport was observed with clomipramine after addition of either of the ionophores valinomycin or nigericin. These observations suggest that the cytotoxic effects of clomipramine result from its disruption of the proton electrochemical gradient of the parasite surface membrane.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zilberstein, D -- Dwyer, D M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 23;226(4677):977-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6505677" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Membrane/drug effects/physiology/ultrastructure ; Clomipramine/*toxicity ; Humans ; Imipramine/analogs & derivatives/*toxicity ; Leishmania/cytology/*drug effects/physiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Proline/metabolism ; Species Specificity
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 1984-02-17
    Description: Ribose is cardioprotective in the rat in a variety of pathophysiological conditions. The metabolic basis for this effect is the low capacity of the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway in the myocardium. Ribose bypasses this pathway, elevates the available pool of 5-phosphoribosyl-l-pyrophosphate, and thus stimulates the biosynthesis of adenine nucleotides. In this study reported here the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, the first and rate-limiting enzyme of the oxidative pentose phosphate shunt, was very low in the human heart and was of the same order of magnitude in the myocardium of various animal species. Furthermore, ribose had a similar stimulating effect on myocardial adenine nucleotide biosynthesis in the guinea pig, in which hemodynamic parameters are different from those in the rat. It is concluded that the metabolic basis for the effectiveness of ribose is similar in all species investigated.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zimmer, H G -- Ibel, H -- Suchner, U -- Schad, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Feb 17;223(4637):712-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6420889" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenine Nucleotides/metabolism ; Animals ; Cattle ; Dogs ; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase/metabolism ; Guinea Pigs ; Haplorhini ; Heart/drug effects/*physiology ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Myocardium/*metabolism ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Pentosephosphates/*metabolism ; Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase/metabolism ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Ribose/*pharmacology ; Species Specificity
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  • 17
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1984-02-10
    Description: The resistance of the infectious agent of scrapie disease to sterilization at 100 degrees or 121 degrees C is reputed to be inconsistent with the structure of conventional viruses. However, in kinetic studies the majority of hamster scrapie strain 263K infectivity was (like that of previously characterized viruses) rapidly inactivated at temperatures of 100 degrees C or greater. Small resistant subpopulations remained. Similar heat-resistant subpopulations were observed at 60 degrees C for phage lambda but only in the presence of brain homogenate. Brain homogenate may also confer stability to small subfractions of scrapie infectivity. Such refractory subpopulations cannot be used to make structural inferences that are properly obtained from the behavior of the majority population as revealed in the initial inactivation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rohwer, R G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Feb 10;223(4636):600-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6420887" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/microbiology ; Cricetinae ; *Hot Temperature ; Kinetics ; Prions/*growth & development ; Species Specificity ; Sterilization/methods
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  • 18
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-03-25
    Description: During oxygen limitation in animals, glucose can be fermented via several metabolic pathways varying in energetic efficiency and leading to various end products (such as lactate, alanopine, octopine, succinate, or propionate). Because of opposite pH dependencies of proton production by fermentation and by hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate formed in the fermentation, the total number of moles of protons generated is always two per mole of the fermentable substrate. However, two and three times more adenosine triphosphate can be turned over per mole of protons produced in succinate and propionate fermentations, respectively, than in lactate fermentation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hochachka, P W -- Mommsen, T P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Mar 25;219(4591):1391-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6298937" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Aerobiosis ; Anaerobiosis ; Animals ; Fermentation ; Glucose/*metabolism ; *Glycolysis ; Lactates/metabolism ; Mollusca/metabolism ; *Protons ; Species Specificity
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  • 19
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-11-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Nov 4;222(4623):495-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6623088" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Dna ; Eukaryota/genetics ; Humans ; *Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Species Specificity ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 20
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-11-04
    Description: The strongly paedomorphic skull form in the pygmy chimpanzee results from the heterochronic process of neoteny. This cranial paedomorphosis and neoteny in Pan paniscus may be related to reduced sexual dimorphism in morphology and behavior. The interspecific differences in form result from shifts in the rate and timing of similar patterns of development.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shea, B T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Nov 4;222(4623):521-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6623093" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Biometry ; Bone Development ; Bone and Bones/anatomy & histology ; Pan troglodytes/*anatomy & histology ; Skull/*anatomy & histology/growth & development ; Species Specificity
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  • 21
    Publication Date: 1983-08-26
    Description: Macrophages isolated from tumor-bearing patients as well as cultured human monocytes express Fc receptors that cross-react strongly with murine immunoglobulins of the G2a but only slightly or not at all with the G1, G2b, or G3 subclasses. Such macrophages in the presence of murine immunoglobulin G2a monoclonal antibodies to tumors mediated the killing of tumor cells in vitro. These data suggest that monoclonal antibodies of the G2a subclass may be useful in the immunotherapy of human cancer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Steplewski, Z -- Lubeck, M D -- Koprowski, H -- CA-10815/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-21124/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-25874/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 26;221(4613):865-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6879183" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/*immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; Humans ; *Immunity, Cellular ; Immunoglobulin G/immunology ; Immunotherapy ; Macrophages/*immunology ; Mice ; Monocytes/immunology ; Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology/therapy ; Receptors, Fc/*immunology ; Species Specificity
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  • 22
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-11-18
    Description: Comparison of two closely related primate papovaviruses, simian virus 40 (SV40) and human BK virus (BKV), reveals that the only region of extensive divergence, the tandem sequences adjacent to the origins of DNA replication, is responsible in SV40 for enhancing early gene expression. This study demonstrates a similar enhancer function for the analogous repeated region in BKV. The dissimilarity in sequence of the BKV and SV40 enhancer elements suggests that they may have been acquired since SV40 and BKV diverged. A locus cloned from the human genome homologous to the BKV tandem repeats has been shown to function as low level enhancer element in mammalian cells. These data support the hypothesis that viral enhancer sequences may be evolutionarily related to host cell sequences.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rosenthal, N -- Kress, M -- Gruss, P -- Khoury, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Nov 18;222(4625):749-55.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6314501" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; BK Virus/*genetics ; Base Sequence ; Biological Evolution ; DNA, Viral/*genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genes, Regulator ; Humans ; Plasmids ; Polyomavirus/*genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Species Specificity
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  • 23
    Publication Date: 1983-09-23
    Description: Inbred tht strains Fischer 344 (F344) and Buffalo (BUF) differ in serveral physiological and behavioral measures. It was found that the activity of adrenomedullary and regional brain phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase is at least four times higher in F344 rats than in BUF rats; these strain-dependent differences corresponded directly with the epinephrine content of the medulla-pons and hypothalamus. Conversely, alpha-adrenergic receptor density in brain regions containing phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase is two to three times lower in F344 rats than in BUF rats; alpha-receptors in frontal cortex (a brain region lacking phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase activity and epinephrine) are similar in both strains. These findings suggest that strain-dependent differences in alpha-receptors are regulated by inherited differences in presynaptic adrenergic neuronal function in different brain regions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Perry, B D -- Stolk, J M -- Vantini, G -- Guchhait, R B -- U'Prichard, D C -- DA 02763/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- MH 32842/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS 15595/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 23;221(4617):1297-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6310752" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenal Medulla/enzymology ; Animals ; Brain/*metabolism ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex/enzymology ; Epinephrine/*physiology ; Female ; Hypothalamus/enzymology ; Medulla Oblongata/enzymology ; Phenylethanolamine N-Methyltransferase/metabolism ; Pons/enzymology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains/*metabolism ; Receptors, Adrenergic/*metabolism ; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha/*metabolism ; Species Specificity
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  • 24
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-06-17
    Description: Comparisons of the relation between brain and body weights among extant mammals show that brain sizes have not increased as much as body sizes. Interspecific increases in brain and body size appear to occur at the same rate, however, when the amount of available energy is taken into account. After this adjustment, brains of primates are slightly larger than expected from the overall mammalian data, but primates also use a larger proportion of their total energy reserves for their brains. Analyses of relative brain size must take into account the requirements that the metabolically active brain has for the body.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Armstrong, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 17;220(4603):1302-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6407108" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Basal Metabolism ; Body Weight ; Cats ; Chiroptera/anatomy & histology ; Dogs ; Haplorhini/anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Mammals/*anatomy & histology/metabolism ; Primates/anatomy & histology ; Rats ; Species Specificity
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  • 25
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-09-02
    Description: Interferon-treated cells rapidly and efficiently transferred the antiproliferative activity of interferon to untreated cells. This phenomenon was not due to the carry-over of interferon by the interferon-treated cells. Thus, to evoke an antiproliferative state, interferon did not directly contact each cell in a population. The results suggest a novel mechanism by which interferon may indirectly regulate cell growth, and suggests that cells other than those of the immune system may play a role in controlling tumor growth in tissue where cell-to-cell contact occurs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lloyd, R E -- Blalock, J E -- Stanton, G J -- 03348/PHS HHS/ -- AM 30046/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 2;221(4614):953-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6192500" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cell Communication ; Cell Division/*drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Humans ; Interferons/*pharmacology ; Leukemia L1210 ; Mice ; Species Specificity
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  • 26
    Publication Date: 1982-10-08
    Description: Urotensin I, purified from extracts of the urophysis of a teleost fish (Catostomus commersoni), exhibits potent hypotensive activity (mammals and birds) and corticotropin-releasing activity (both fish and mammals). The primary structure of this 41-residue peptide was determined to be H-Asn-Asp-Asp-Pro-Pro-Ile-Ser-Ile-Asp-Leu-Thr-Phe-His-Leu-Leu-Arg-Asn-Met-Ile-Glu - Met-Ala-Arg-Ile-Glu-Asn-Glu-Arg-Glu-Gln-Ala-Gly-Leu-Asn-Arg-Lys-Tyr-Leu-Asp-Glu -Val-NH2. Extraction with 0.1N HCl at 100 degrees C cleaves the amino-terminal tripeptide, yeilding a fully active analog, urotensin I(4-41). The amino acid sequence was confirmed by measuring the biological activity of synthetic urotensin I(4-41). Urotensin I exhibits a striking sequence homology with ovine corticotropin-releasing factor and with frog sauvagine. These three peptides exhibit similar activities in biological test systems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lederis, K -- Letter, A -- McMaster, D -- Moore, G -- Schlesinger, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 8;218(4568):162-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6981844" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone ; Fishes ; Peptides/*isolation & purification ; Species Specificity ; Urotensins/*isolation & purification
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  • 27
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1982-08-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 13;217(4560):621-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6283639" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; DNA/*genetics ; DNA Transposable Elements ; DNA, Satellite/genetics ; *Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Species Specificity
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  • 28
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1982-10-01
    Description: Concentrations of the naturally occurring radioactive nuclide polonium-210 were determined in mid-water crustaceans and fish from depths to 1500 meters. Unusually high levels were found in certain categories of organisms, indicating that these organisms were exposed to a particularly high natural radiation dose. The results have implications in terms of possible radiation effects, as a baseline against which artificial radioactive nuclides can be compared, and as a potential technique for studying the feeding behavior of mid-water organisms.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cherry, R D -- Heyraud, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 1;218(4567):54-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123217" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Crustacea/*physiology ; Fishes/*physiology ; Lead/*analysis ; Polonium/*analysis ; Radiation Dosage ; Radioisotopes/*analysis ; Seawater ; Species Specificity
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  • 29
    Publication Date: 1982-03-26
    Description: Multiple interspecies differences were detected between humans and seven other mammals in 15 of the 24 metabolites measured in the intact crystalline lens and lens perchloric acid extracts. Generally, the number of statistically significant metabolite differences among the various species, relative to the human, increase in the following order: cat or approximately dog greater than pig greater than rat greater than sheep greater than rabbit greater than cow.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kopp, S J -- Glonek, T -- Greiner, J V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 26;215(4540):1622-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7071581" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenine Nucleotides/metabolism ; Animals ; Carbohydrate Metabolism ; Cats ; Choline/metabolism ; Dogs ; Humans ; Lens, Crystalline/*metabolism ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Phosphocreatine/metabolism ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Species Specificity
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  • 30
    Publication Date: 1982-07-02
    Description: Liposomes were used to deliver ribosomal RNA's from the different organisms into cultivated mouse plasmacytoma cells. Ribosomal RNA from Escherichia coli was degraded intracellularly within 1 hour, whereas mouse and yeast ribosomal RNA's were degraded more slowly. This indicates that cells can discriminated between different ribosomal RNA's.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lavelle, D -- Ostro, M J -- Giacomoni, D -- GM 27935/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 2;217(4554):59-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6178157" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Escherichia coli ; Kinetics ; *Liposomes ; Mice ; Molecular Weight ; Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism ; Plasmacytoma/*metabolism ; RNA, Bacterial/metabolism ; RNA, Ribosomal/*metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Species Specificity
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  • 31
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1982-11-19
    Description: Pigeons and humans chose which one of two alternative visual forms was identical to, or a mirror image of, a previously presented sample form. The two comparison forms were presented in various orientations with respect to the sample. The two species yielded similar accuracies, but although human reaction times depended linearly on the angular disparities, those of the pigeon did not. Humans appeared to apply a well-known, thoughtlike, mental rotation procedure to the problem, whereas pigeons seemed to rely on a more efficient automatic process that humans can use only in simpler rotational invariance tasks. Mirror-image forms may be better discriminated by the pigeon's visual system than by the human one.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hollard, V D -- Delius, J D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 19;218(4574):804-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7134976" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Columbidae ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Humans ; Rotation ; Species Specificity ; *Visual Perception
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  • 32
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1982-07-16
    Description: Monoclonal antibodies against blood forms of Plasmodium falciparum were used to demonstrate considerable antigenic diversity in this species. Different isolates were distinguished by their ability to react with certain antibodies, and most of the antibodies reacted specifically with merozoites, schizonts, or both. The distribution of different antigenic types appeared not to be related to geographic origin. Serological typing with monoclonal antibodies extends the range of methods for identification of different strains of this malaria parasite.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McBride, J S -- Walliker, D -- Morgan, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 16;217(4556):254-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6178159" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antigens/*analysis ; Epitopes/*analysis ; Humans ; Plasmodium falciparum/*immunology/physiology ; Species Specificity
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  • 33
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1982-01-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Haynes, B F -- Dowell, D L -- Hensley, L L -- Gore, I -- Metzgar, R S -- CA08975/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA11265/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA28936/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 15;215(4530):298-300.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6171885" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antigens, Surface/*analysis ; Biological Evolution ; Epitopes ; Humans ; Primates/*immunology ; Species Specificity ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology
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  • 34
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1982-06-18
    Description: The brain and eye of swordfish are warmer than the water. Associated with one of the eye muscles is a tissue that heats the brain. This brain heater is rich in mitochondria and cytochrome c and is supplied with blood through a vascular heat exchanger. It protects the central nervous system from rapid cooling during daily vertical excursions which may take the swordfish through a wide temperature range.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carey, F G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 18;216(4552):1327-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7079766" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Acclimatization ; Adipose Tissue/physiology ; Animals ; Body Temperature Regulation ; Brain/*physiology ; Fishes/*physiology ; Hot Temperature ; Organ Specificity ; Retina/physiology ; Species Specificity
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  • 35
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1982-04-30
    Description: Extracts from hypertrophying dog hearts perfused through isolated rat hearts increase the synthesis of messenger RNA and initiate hypertrophy in the treated hearts. Total RNA extracted from experimental and control hearts was translated in vitro and hybridized with polyuridylate. Synthesis of protein and polyadenylate-containing RNA was greater in rat hearts perfused with extracts of hypertrophying dog hearts than in control hearts. The results demonstrate that molecules from hypertrophying dog hearts are not species-specific since they are effective in stimulating transcription of messenger RNA in rat hearts as well as in dog hearts.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hammond, G L -- Lai, Y K -- Markert, C L -- HL 25699-01/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 30;216(4545):529-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6461921" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cardiomegaly ; Dogs ; Muscle Proteins/*biosynthesis ; Protein Biosynthesis/drug effects ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Rats ; Species Specificity ; Transcription, Genetic/drug effects
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  • 36
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1982-06-18
    Description: A rhesus monkey accurately recognized pictures in a Sternberg memory scanning experiment. When the monkey was tested with pictures that were reused during the same session, the monkey's performance was nearly identical to that of a human subject; this result demonstrates the monkeys are capable of some of the short-term retrieval mechanisms of humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sands, S F -- Wright, A A -- EY-01256/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- MH35202/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 18;216(4552):1333-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7079768" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Animals ; Female ; Humans ; Macaca mulatta ; Male ; Memory/*physiology ; Species Specificity ; Time Factors ; *Visual Perception
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  • 37
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-10-09
    Description: The systemic comparison of every newly determined amino acid sequence with all other known sequences may allow a complete reconstruction of the evolutionary events leading to contemporary proteins. But sometimes the surviving similarities are so vague that even computer-based sequence comparisons procedures are unable to validate relationships. In other cases similar sequences may appear in totally alien proteins as a result of mere chance or, occasionally, by the convergent evolution of sequences with special properties.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Doolittle, R F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Oct 9;214(4517):149-59.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7280687" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Carrier Proteins/genetics ; Humans ; Proteins/classification/*genetics ; RNA Splicing ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Species Specificity
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  • 38
    Publication Date: 1981-10-30
    Description: The complement system of the nurse shark was investigated. Six functionally pure components were isolated from a single serum sample. Sequential reactions of the components with sensitized sheep erythrocytes resulted in membrane lesions indistinguishable from the "holes" caused by guinea pig complement.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jensen, J A -- Festa, E -- Smith, D S -- Cayer, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Oct 30;214(4520):566-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7291995" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Complement System Proteins/*physiology ; Erythrocyte Membrane/immunology ; Hemolysis ; Sharks/*immunology ; Sheep ; Species Specificity
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  • 39
    Publication Date: 1981-07-31
    Description: The cell-to-cell channels in the junctions of an insect salivary gland and of insect and mammalian cells in culture were probed with fluorescent molecules-neutral linear oligosaccharides, neutral branched glycopeptides, and charged linear peptides. From the molecular dimensions of the largest permeants and smallest impermeants the permeation-limiting channel diameter was obtained: 16 to 20 angstroms for the mammalian cells and 20 to 30 angstroms for the insect cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schwarzmann, G -- Wiegandt, H -- Rose, B -- Zimmerman, A -- Ben-Haim, D -- Loewenstein, W R -- CA 14464/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):551-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244653" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Chironomidae ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Glycopeptides/*metabolism ; Intercellular Junctions/*ultrastructure ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Models, Molecular ; Oligosaccharides/*metabolism ; Protein Conformation ; Salivary Glands/*ultrastructure ; Species Specificity
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  • 40
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-08-14
    Description: The aorta of the octopus, Octopus dofleini, is a highly distensible, elastic tube. The circumferential elastic modulus increases with inflation in the physiological range from abut 10(4) to 10(5) newtons per square meter. Rubber-like fibers have been isolated, apparently for the first time, from the aorta of an invertebrate. These fibers have an elastic modulus, like elastin, of about 4 x 10(5) newtons per square meter and are present in sufficient quantity to account for the elastic properties of the intact vessel under physiological conditions. Thus the circulatory system of an invertebrate animal provides an "elastic reservoir" (much like that of the vertebrate system), which increases the efficiency of the circulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shadwick, R E -- Gosline, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 14;213(4509):759-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7256277" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aorta/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Elasticity ; Octopodiformes/*physiology ; Proteins/physiology ; Species Specificity
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  • 41
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-07-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Snell, G D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 10;213(4504):172-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7017931" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics ; Antigens, Viral/genetics ; Antigens, Viral, Tumor ; Female ; Genetic Linkage ; Genotype ; H-2 Antigens/genetics ; Heterozygote ; *Major Histocompatibility Complex ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics/*immunology ; Pedigree ; Rats ; Species Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 42
    Publication Date: 1981-07-10
    Description: Southern blot hybridization was used to identify human and other vertebrate DNA sequences that were homologous to cloned DNA fragments containing the oncogenic nucleic acid sequences of three different type C mammalian retroviruses (simian sarcoma virus, the Snyder-Theilen strain of feline sarcoma virus, and the Harvey strain of murine sarcoma virus). Each onc gene counterpart has a single genetic locus, which probably contains non-onc intervening sequences. The human DNA sequences may represent genes important to cell growth or cell differentiation, or both. Their identification and isolation may allow elucidation of their role in these processes and in neoplasias.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wong-Staal, F -- Dalla-Favera, R -- Franchini, G -- Gelmann, E P -- Gallo, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 10;213(4504):226-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6264598" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Cell Transformation, Viral ; *Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/*genetics ; DNA, Viral/*genetics ; *Genes ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Retroviridae/*genetics ; Sarcoma Virus, Woolly Monkey/genetics ; Sarcoma Viruses, Murine/genetics ; Species Specificity
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  • 43
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-10-02
    Description: The antigenic map of 17 methanogenic bacteria representing the entire range of available species was determined by multiple assay with antibody probes. Four major clusters of antigenically related strains coincide with the females proposed on the basis of 16S ribosomal RNA analysis. Immunological mapping uncovered relationships not yet shown by other methods and allowed identification and classification of two new bacterial isolates.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Conway de Macario, E -- Wolin, M J -- Macario, A J -- NIAID AI-12461/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Oct 2;214(4516):74-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6792708" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antigens, Bacterial/*analysis ; Archaea/classification/*immunology ; Bacteria/*immunology ; Euryarchaeota/classification/*immunology ; Species Specificity
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  • 44
    Publication Date: 1981-05-29
    Description: Immunoreactive substance P is present in the bullfrog retina, possibly in two types of stratified amacrine cells, with their somas in the inner nuclear layer and their neuronal processes entering the inner plexiform layer and ramifying in sublayers 3 or 4 (or both). Occasionally, polygonal somas positive for substance P were found in the ganglion cell layer. Approximately 75 percent of the cell bodies positive for substance P and 65 percent of the radioimmunoassayable substance P were found in the superior half of the frog retina. On the basis of high-performance liquid chromatography, the immunoreactive substance P in the neural retina of the rat, monkey, or chick is similar to synthetic substance P, whereas this is not true of the immunoreactive substance P in the bullfrog or carp retina.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Eskay, R L -- Furness, J F -- Long, R T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 29;212(4498):1049-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6165081" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chickens ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Macaca ; Rana catesbeiana ; Rats ; Retina/analysis/*cytology ; Species Specificity ; Substance P/*analysis
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  • 45
    Publication Date: 1981-06-19
    Description: Concentrations of estradiol and progesterone in blood collected during the 12.5-day gestation period of the Virginia opossum were not significantly different from those during equivalent days of the estrous cycle. Progesterone was correlated with an index of corpora luteral mass. Ratio of estradiol to progesterone were highest 3 to 4 days before estrus and on the day of parturition.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Harder, J D -- Fleming, M W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 19;212(4501):1400-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233228" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Corpus Luteum/physiology ; Estradiol/*blood ; Estrus ; Female ; Opossums/*physiology ; Pregnancy ; *Pregnancy, Animal ; Progesterone/*blood ; Species Specificity
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  • 46
    Publication Date: 1981-02-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lorch, I J -- Jeon, K W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Feb 27;211(4485):949-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7466367" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amoeba/genetics/microbiology/*physiology ; Animals ; Cell Nucleus/physiology ; Cytoplasm/physiology ; Species Specificity ; *Symbiosis
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  • 47
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-06-05
    Description: Emotional, psychosocial, or anxiety-stimulated stress produces increased plasma concentrations of adrenal corticoids and other hormones though well-known neuroendocrine pathways. A direct consequence of these increased corticoid concentrations is injury to elements of the immunological apparatus, which may leve the subject vulnerable to the action of latent oncogenic viruses, newly transformed cancer cells, or other incipient pathological processes that are normally held in check by an intact immunological apparatus. This article describes studies that examine the adverse effects of increased plasma concentrations of adrenal corticoids on the thymus and thymus-dependent T cells, inasmuch as these elements constitute a major defense system against various neoplastic processes and other pathologies. The studies demonstrate that anxiety-stress can be quantitatively induced and the consequences measured through specific biochemical and cellular parameters, providing that authentic quiescent baselines of these conditions are obtained in the experimental animals by the use of low-stress protective housing and handling techniques.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Riley, V -- CA 12188/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 16308/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 5;212(4499):1100-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233204" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Corticosterone/blood ; Female ; Handling (Psychology) ; Humans ; *Immunocompetence ; Leukocytes/physiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Neoplasms/*etiology/physiopathology/psychology ; Neoplasms, Experimental/*physiopathology ; Species Specificity ; Stress, Physiological/*complications ; Stress, Psychological/*complications ; Tumor Virus Infections/physiopathology
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  • 48
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-01-16
    Description: Isolated hydra mesoglea served as a suitable substrate for the attachment and spreading of hydra cells in vitro, irrespective of the species tested. Hydra cells did not attach and spread on substrates typically used for culturing mammalian cells. Mammalian and Drosophila cells attached and spread on plastic culture dishes but not on isolated mesoglea. Xenopus epithelial cells spread on both plastic and mesoglea. Because of the similarities of hydra mesoglea to vertebrate basement membranes, suggestions are offered for using mesoglea to study the interactions of epithelial cells with their basement membranes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Day, R M -- Lenhoff, H M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 16;211(4479):291-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7444468" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Basement Membrane/physiology ; Biological Evolution ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Line ; Epithelial Cells ; Extracellular Space/physiology ; Hydra/*cytology ; Species Specificity
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  • 49
    Publication Date: 1981-06-26
    Description: A new neuromuscular toxin, lophotoxin, has been isolated from several pacific gorgonians of the genus Lophogorgia. The structure of lophotoxin was deduced by combined spectrochemical methods, and belongs to the well-known cembrene class of diterpenoid molecules. Lophotoxin contains furanoaldehyde and alpha, beta-epoxy-gamma-lactone functional groups, in sharp contrast to the cationic ammonium functional groups of the established neurotoxins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fenical, W -- Okuda, R K -- Bandurraga, M M -- Culver, P -- Jacobs, R S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 26;212(4502):1512-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6112796" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cnidaria/*analysis ; Cnidarian Venoms/*isolation & purification/pharmacology ; Diterpenes/*isolation & purification/pharmacology/toxicity ; Electric Stimulation ; Mice ; Muscle Contraction/drug effects ; Muscles/innervation ; Neuromuscular Junction/drug effects/physiology ; Species Specificity ; *Terpenes
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  • 50
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-01-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lappe, M -- Hooper, K -- Blake, E -- Pfund, N -- Gardner, E -- Rosenberg, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 23;211(4480):332-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7221543" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Assay ; *Carcinogens ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Humans ; Species Specificity
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  • 51
    Publication Date: 1981-04-03
    Description: Radioactive nitrogen-13 from nitrite (NO2-) or nitrate (NO3-) administered intratracheally or intravenously without added carrier to mice or rabbits was distributed evenly throughout most organs and tissues regardless of the entry route or the anion administered. Nitrogen-13 from both anions was distributed uniformly between plasma and blood cells. We found rapid in vivo oxidation of NO2- to NO3- at concentrations of 2 to 3 nanomoles per liter in blood. Over 50 percent oxidation within 10 minutes accounted for the similar nitrogen-13 distributions from both parent ions. The oxidation rates were animal species-dependent. No reduction of 13NO3- to 13NO2- was observed. A mechanistic hypothesis invoking oxidation of 13NO2- by a catalase-hydrogen peroxide complex accounts for the results. These results imply a concentration dependence for the in vivo fate of NO2- or nitrogen dioxide.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Parks, N J -- Krohn, K J -- Mathis, C A -- Chasko, J H -- Geiger, K R -- Gregor, M E -- Peek, N F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Apr 3;212(4490):58-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7209517" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Injections, Intravenous ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Nitrates/administration & dosage/*metabolism ; Nitrites/administration & dosage/*metabolism ; Nitrogen Isotopes ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Rabbits ; Species Specificity ; Tissue Distribution ; Trachea
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  • 52
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-03-20
    Description: Neurons sensitive to gonadal steroids are located strategically within neural circuits that mediate behaviors broadly related to the reproductive process. Some neuronal events and properties are regulated by these hormones. Variability in the occurrence and distribution of particular neural hormonal sensitivities across species may be related to variations in the hormonal requirements for sexual differentiation and for activation of reproductive behaviors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McEwen, B S -- NS07080/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 20;211(4488):1303-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6259728" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Androgens/metabolism/physiology ; Animals ; Brain/enzymology/metabolism ; Estrogens/metabolism/physiology ; Female ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones/*physiology ; Gonads/secretion ; Humans ; Male ; Neurons/metabolism ; Progestins/metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism ; Receptors, Progesterone/metabolism ; *Sex Differentiation ; *Sexual Behavior ; Species Specificity ; Vertebrates/physiology
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  • 53
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-07-24
    Description: Hamsters deprived from birth of the neocortex developed normally and displayed the usual hamster-typical behavioral patterns. With the additional concurrent destruction of midline limbic convolutions (cingulate and underlying dorsal hippocampal), there were deficits in maternal behavior and a lack of development of play behavior. These findings demonstrate in a rodent (i) that the striatal complex and limbic system, along with the remaining neuraxis, are sufficient for giving expression to a wide range of unlearned forms of species-typical behavior and (ii) that midline limbic structures are required for the expression of play behavior and the integrated performance of maternal behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Murphy, M R -- MacLean, P D -- Hamilton, S C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 24;213(4506):459-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244642" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; *Behavior, Animal ; Cerebral Cortex/*physiology ; Cricetinae ; Mesocricetus ; Species Specificity
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  • 54
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-04-24
    Description: Lists are presented of references to all known publications describing cell properties that serve to characterize (i) known strains of HeLa and purported human cell lines indicated as HeLa contaminants, (ii) strains of human cell lines contaminated with human but non-HeLa cells, and (iii) strains of cells contaminated by cells from one or more other species. Frequencies of cell cross-contaminations are cited and references are presented to relatively simple techniques that could serve to detect such contamination.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nelson-Rees, W A -- Daniels, D W -- Flandermeyer, R R -- YO1 CP8-0500/CP/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Apr 24;212(4493):446-52.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6451928" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured/enzymology/*physiology ; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase/analysis ; Humans ; Isoenzymes/analysis ; Karyotyping ; Phosphoglucomutase/analysis ; Species Specificity
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  • 55
    Publication Date: 1981-10-30
    Description: Over the course of 20 weeks, Sprague-Dawley rats developed intestinal tumors in response to an intraperitoneal injection of the acetate derivative of dimethylnitrosamine. The same agent did not induce tumors in Lobund-Wistar rats. The number of tumors was significantly smaller in rats given drinking water containing indomethacin (beginning 14 days after the injections) than in control rats given drug-free water.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pollard, M -- Luckert, P H -- CA 00295/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 15957/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Oct 30;214(4520):558-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7291992" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Dimethylnitrosamine/*analogs & derivatives/antagonists & inhibitors ; Indomethacin/*pharmacology ; Intestinal Neoplasms/*chemically induced ; Male ; Neoplasms, Experimental/chemically induced ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Species Specificity
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  • 56
    Publication Date: 1981-10-02
    Description: A monoclonal antibody (immunoglobulin G1) has been produced that reacts against myelin basic protein present in or extracted from the brains of many mammals-with certain important exceptions. Because of known species differences in amino acid sequences of basic protein and of certain peptide fragments, the binding site for this particular antibody appeared likely to include residues 130 to 137. Confirmation of this hypothesis was obtained by amino acid composition of the major immunoreactive peptides produced by thermolysin digestion of human basic protein and isolated by high-performance liquid chromatography.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sires, L R -- Hruby, S -- Alvord, E C Jr -- Hellstrom, I -- Hellstrom, K E -- Kies, M W -- Martemspm, R -- Deibler, G E -- Beckman, E D -- Casnellie, J E -- CA-19148/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-25558/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-26584/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Oct 2;214(4516):87-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6169147" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Cattle ; Chickens ; Epitopes ; Guinea Pigs ; Humans ; Macaca ; Myelin Basic Protein/*immunology ; Peptide Fragments/immunology ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Species Specificity
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  • 57
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-11-20
    Description: Multiple efferent systems project to the retina in three species of teleost fish investigated with the horseradish peroxidase technique. These animals are the first vertebrates shown to have more than one central nervous system structure projecting to the retina. The connections discovered may reflect a primitive organization of retina-brain interconnections.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ebbesson, S O -- Meyer, D L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 20;214(4523):924-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6171033" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Axonal Transport ; Efferent Pathways/*physiology ; Fishes ; Horseradish Peroxidase ; Retina/*physiology ; Species Specificity
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  • 58
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-06-19
    Description: A small portion of the cytosine residues in the DNA of higher eukaryotes as well as in that of many lowe eukaryotes if methylated. The resulting 5-methylcytosine residues occur in specific in the DNA, usually adjacent to guanine residues on the 3' side. This methylation of eukaryotic DNA has been proposed to function in many ways, including control of transcription, maintenance of chromosome structure, repair of DNA, establishment of preferred sites for mutation, oncogenic transformation, and, in certain systems, protection of DNA against enzymatic degradation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ehrlich, M -- Wang, R Y -- CA-19942/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM-26986/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 19;212(4501):1350-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6262918" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 5-Methylcytosine ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cytosine/*analogs & derivatives/analysis ; DNA/*genetics ; DNA Replication ; DNA Restriction Enzymes/metabolism ; *Genes ; Methylation ; Pyrimidines ; Species Specificity ; Substrate Specificity ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 59
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-04-03
    Description: An electric fish in the African family Mormyridae recognizes members of its own species by "listening" to electric organ discharges, which are species-specific signatures. Reactions of fish in the field and of individual electroreceptors to both normal and modified computer-synthesized discharges emphasize the importance of the waveform (time-domain cues) in species recognition.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hopkins, C D -- Bass, A H -- MH26140/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS06309/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Apr 3;212(4490):85-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7209524" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Animal Communication ; Animals ; Electric Organ/*physiology ; Female ; Fishes/*physiology ; Male ; Sex Factors ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Species Specificity ; Time Factors
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  • 60
    Publication Date: 1980-05-02
    Description: Amphibians of the family Bufonidae contain high levels of skin compounds that both inhibit Na+- and K+-dependent adenosinetriphosphatase and antagonize the binding of ouabain to the enzyme. In species of Bufo and Atelopus, these compounds are relatively nonpolar bufodienolides, whereas Dendrophryniscus and Melanophryniscus contain more polar compounds of unknown structure. Skin extracts from 30 of 48 species of frogs representing an additional eight families contained relatively low levels of compounds that inhibit binding of ouabain to Na+,K+-adenosinetriphosphatase. The widespread occurrence of low levels of inhibitory compounds is consonant with the role for these compounds as physiological regulators of Na+,K+-adenosinetriphosphatase in amphibian skin; high levels in the Bufonidae probably also serve as a defense against some predators.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Flier, J -- Edwards, M W -- Daly, J W -- Myers, C W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 2;208(4443):503-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6245447" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anura/*metabolism ; Binding Sites ; Bufanolides/pharmacology ; Ouabain/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism ; Skin/analysis/enzymology/*metabolism ; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase/*metabolism ; Species Specificity ; Tissue Extracts/pharmacology
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  • 61
    Publication Date: 1980-07-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fox, G E -- Stackebrandt, E -- Hespell, R B -- Gibson, J -- Maniloff, J -- Dyer, T A -- Wolfe, R S -- Balch, W E -- Tanner, R S -- Magrum, L J -- Zablen, L B -- Blakemore, R -- Gupta, R -- Bonen, L -- Lewis, B J -- Stahl, D A -- Luehrsen, K R -- Chen, K N -- Woese, C R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 25;209(4455):457-63.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6771870" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bacteria/*classification ; Base Sequence ; Biological Evolution ; Chloroplasts/analysis ; Clostridium/classification ; Cyanobacteria/classification ; DNA/analysis ; *Phylogeny ; RNA, Ribosomal/*analysis ; Species Specificity
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  • 62
    Publication Date: 1980-05-02
    Description: Analysis of extracts of the bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma brucei showed that both DNA polymerase-alpha and DNA polymerase-beta activities were present. The detection of DNA polymerase-beta in T. brucei demonstrates the presence of this enzyme in unicellular organisms. DNA polymerase-beta is present also in Leishmania mexicana. The DNA polymerases in T. brucei are immunologically distinct from the host enzymes. The structural differences between the parasite and the host enzymes could be exploited for the development of agents to combat parasitic diseases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chang, L M -- Cheriathundam, E -- Mahoney, E M -- Cerami, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 2;208(4443):510-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7367875" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Centrifugation, Density Gradient ; Chickens ; DNA Polymerase I/analysis ; DNA Polymerase II/analysis ; DNA Polymerase III/analysis ; DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/*analysis ; Fishes ; Immune Sera ; Leishmania/*enzymology ; Molecular Weight ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Species Specificity ; Trypanosoma brucei brucei/*enzymology
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  • 63
    Publication Date: 1980-03-21
    Description: The indirect method of immunofluorescence was used to demonstrate the presence of amelogenins in the enameloid of teeth and dermal denticles of Chondrichthyes; in the enameloid of Teleostei and Amphibia; and in the enamel of Reptilia. Nonmammalian amelogenins are formed in the ectodermal cells of tooth organs and chemically are so similar to mammalian amelogenins that they interact with antiserum prepared from bovine enamel matrix.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Herold, R C -- Graver, H T -- Christner, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 21;207(4437):1357-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6986656" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amelogenesis ; Animals ; Dental Enamel Proteins/immunology/*metabolism ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Species Specificity ; Tooth/*anatomy & histology ; Vertebrates/*anatomy & histology
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  • 64
    Publication Date: 1980-06-27
    Description: Gas deposition rates in the swim bladders of postmetamorphic (silver) Anguilla rostrata eels are about five times greater than those of premetamorphic (yellow) individuals. This extends the maximum depth at which silver eels can maintain swim bladder volume and prepares them for their spawning migration to the Sargasso Sea.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kleckner, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jun 27;208(4451):1481-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7384792" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acclimatization ; Air Sacs/*physiology ; Anguilla/*physiology ; Animals ; Species Specificity
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  • 65
    Publication Date: 1980-07-11
    Description: During viral development bacteriophage T4 modifies the valyl-transfer RNA synthetase of its host Escherichia coli, but the function of the modification has remained elusive. A strain of Escherichia coli has now been identified which is nonpermissive for wild-type bacteriophage T4, but permissive for bacteriophage mutants impaired in the modification reaction. A comparison with other bacteria suggests that nonpermissiveness is due to synthesis of a thermolabile valyl-transfer RNA synthetase and relaxed control of RNA accumulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marchin, G L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 11;209(4453):294-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6992274" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Escherichia coli/*genetics ; *Genes, Viral ; *Mutation ; Species Specificity ; T-Phages/*genetics ; Viral Plaque Assay
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  • 66
    Publication Date: 1980-05-30
    Description: DNA containing the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSVtk) gene was used to transform wild-type tk+ mouse L cells to a tk++ status in vitro using methotrexate as a selective agent. HSVtk DNA was also used to transform mouse bone marrow cells in vitro. Transformed marrow cells injected into irradiated and methotrexate-treated recipient mice gave rise to proliferating cells which in some cases dominated the marrow population and which contained HSVtk gene sequences.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mercola, K E -- Stang, H D -- Browne, J -- Salser, W -- Cline, M J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 30;208(4447):1033-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6246577" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bone Marrow/*enzymology ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; DNA, Viral/analysis ; Drug Resistance ; *Genes, Viral ; L Cells (Cell Line) ; Methotrexate/pharmacology ; Mice ; Simplexvirus/enzymology/*genetics ; Species Specificity ; Thymidine Kinase/*genetics ; *Transformation, Genetic
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  • 67
    Publication Date: 1980-05-30
    Description: Cloned repetitive DNA sequences were used to determine the number of homologous RNA transcripts in the eggs of two sea urchin species, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus and S. franciscanus. The eggs of these species contain different amounts of RNA, and their genomes contain different numbers of copies of the cloned repeats. The specific pattern of repetitive sequence representation in the two egg RNA's is nonetheless quantitatively similar. The evolutionary conservation of this pattern suggests the functional importance of repeat sequence expression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Moore, G P -- Costantini, F D -- Posakony, J W -- Davidson, E H -- Britten, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 30;208(4447):1046-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6154974" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Biological Evolution ; DNA, Recombinant ; Female ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Ovum/physiology ; Plasmids ; RNA/*genetics ; Sea Urchins/*genetics ; Species Specificity ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 68
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-06-06
    Description: Dissociated embryonic rat myocardial cells and chick myocardial cells labeled with radioactive isotope coaggregate and establish intercellular junctions. These bispecific cells reconstruct synchronously beating myocardial tissue within 24 hours of culture.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nag, A C -- Cheng, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jun 6;208(4448):1150-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7375923" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Adhesion ; *Cell Aggregation ; Cells, Cultured ; Chickens ; Heart/*embryology ; Intercellular Junctions/ultrastructure ; Mosaicism ; Myocardial Contraction ; Myocardium/*cytology ; Rats ; Species Specificity
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  • 69
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-07-25
    Description: Disposal of industrial waste resulted in massive DDT contamination at Wheeler National Wildlife Refuge, Alabama. Nearly a decade after the cessation of DDT manufacturing at the facility responsible, concentrations of DDT residues in the local fauna are still high enough to suggest avian reproductive impairment and mortality. Populations of fish-eating birds are low, endangered species are being exposed, and muscle lipids of game birds contain up to 6900 parts of DDT (isomers and metabolites) per million.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉O'Shea, T J -- Fleming, W J -- Cromartie, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 25;209(4455):509-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7394517" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Birds ; DDT/*analysis ; Ducks ; *Industrial Waste ; Lipids/analysis ; Muscles/analysis ; Rabbits ; Species Specificity
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  • 70
    Publication Date: 1980-01-04
    Description: Freshly ejaculated, noncapacitated boar sperm bind rapidly and in large numbers to pig egg zona pellucida in vitro. In the present study, the number of sperm bound decreased sharply when sperm motility was lowered by energy poisons or by reducing the temperature. Highly motile sperm from humans, guinea pigs, and rats, added at concentrations ten times higher than control sperm, did not bind to the porcine zona. At the same high concentration, a small number of hamster and bull sperm bound to the zona. Binding of boar sperm to the zona pellucida was blocked almost completely by diluted whole antiserum to sperm plasma membranes and by univalent (Fab) antibody to these membranes. When antibody to sperm plasma membrane was first absorbed with plasma membrane vesicles, sperm binding was not inhibited. These results provide direct evidence for the existence of sperm plasma membrane receptors for the zona pellucida of the pig.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Peterson, R N -- Russell, L -- Bundman, D -- Freund, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jan 4;207(4426):73-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7188647" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cattle ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Female ; *Fertilization ; Guinea Pigs ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments ; Male ; Ovum/*metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Drug/metabolism ; Species Specificity ; *Sperm-Ovum Interactions ; Spermatozoa/*metabolism ; Swine ; Zona Pellucida/*metabolism
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  • 71
    Publication Date: 1980-04-18
    Description: The levels of gluatmine synthetase specific activity in hepatic and renal tissue are higher in fish that are ureosmoregulators than in those that are not. Enzyme activities in the liver and kidney of 18 species of fish correlated directly with the ureosmoregulatory adaptation of each species.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Webb, J T -- Brown, G W Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 18;208(4441):293-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6102799" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Ammonia/metabolism ; Animals ; Brain/enzymology ; Fishes/*metabolism ; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase/*metabolism ; Kidney/enzymology ; Liver/enzymology ; Species Specificity ; Urea/*metabolism ; Water-Electrolyte Balance
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  • 72
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-04-18
    Description: High levels of glutamine- and N-acetyl-L-glutamate-dependent carbamoyl phosphate synthetase activity are present in liver extracts of marine species of fish that retain high levels of urea in their tissues for the purpose of osmoregulation. The function of the synthetase in these species appears to be related to urea synthesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Anderson, P M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 18;208(4441):291-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6245445" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase (Ammonia)/*metabolism ; Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase (Glutamine-Hydrolyzing)/*metabolism ; Fishes/*metabolism ; Glutamates/metabolism ; Liver/enzymology ; Phosphotransferases/*metabolism ; Species Specificity ; Urea/metabolism
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  • 73
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-08-01
    Description: Four recombinant lambda phages containing nucleotide sequences complementary to a cloned human preproinsulin DNA probe have been isolated from human DNA. Restriction analyses in conjunction with Southern hybridizations reveal two types of gene sequences. One isolate of each type was subjected to complete nucleotide sequence determination. The sequences contain the entire preproinsulin messenger RNA region, two intervening sequence. 260 nucleotides upstream from the messenger RNA capping site, and 35 nucleotides beyond the polyadenylate attachment site. Our results strongly suggest that these two gene types are allelic variants of a single insulin gene.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ullrich, A -- Dull, T J -- Gray, A -- Brosius, J -- Sures, I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 1;209(4456):612-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6248962" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; *Dna ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; DNA, Recombinant/metabolism ; *Genes ; Genetic Code ; *Genetic Variation ; Humans ; Insulin/*biosynthesis ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Proinsulin/biosynthesis ; Rats ; Species Specificity
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  • 74
    Publication Date: 1980-03-07
    Description: Two important vectors of malaria in Africa, Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles arabiensis (Diptera: Culicidae), often occur sympatrically and cannot be distinguished morphologically. A chemical method was developed to identify individual laboratory-reared adult males or females of either species by extraction and analysis of cuticular components with gas chromatography. Statistically significant differences were seen between species when selected pairs of peaks were compared.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carlson, D A -- Service, M W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 7;207(4435):1089-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7355276" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anopheles/analysis/*classification ; Chromatography, Gas ; Female ; Lipids/analysis ; Male ; Paraffin/analysis ; Sex Factors ; Skin/analysis ; Species Specificity
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  • 75
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-06-27
    Description: Mice of two different strains were injected subcutaneously with spontaneously metastasizing syngeneic melanomas. After 4 to 6 weeks, the local tumors were removed and, 3 days after surgery, treatment of the metastases was initiated. The treatment consisted of intravenous injections of liposomes containing lymphokines or control supernatant fluids. Liposomes were injected twice weekly for 3 weeks, and the mice were killed 2 weeks later. Seventy-three percent of the mice injected with liposomes containing lymphokines were free of metastases, whereas only 10 percent of the mice treated with control liposomes were tumor-free. These experiments suggest that this form of therapy may provide a valuable addition to the more conventional approaches to the eradication of cancer metastases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fidler, I J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jun 27;208(4451):1469-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7384789" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Liposomes/*therapeutic use ; Lymphokines/*therapeutic use ; Melanoma/*drug therapy ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; *Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy ; Species Specificity
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  • 76
    Publication Date: 1980-07-11
    Description: Electrophoretically pure mouse interferon inhibits erythropoietin-dependent proliferation of committed erythroid precursors (CFU-E) obtained either from adult mouse bone marrow or from 14-day fetal mouse livers. The degree of inhibition is significantly influenced by the genotype of the cell donor; about ten times as much interferon is required to inhibit proliferation of CFU-E from C57BL/6 than is needed for comparable inhibition of CFU-E from BALB/c or Swiss mice. These strain-dependent results point to the existence of genes that influence the degree of the inhibitory effect of interferon on cell multiplication.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gallien-Lartigue, O -- Carrez, D -- De Maeyer, E -- De Maeyer-Guignard, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 11;209(4453):292-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6155700" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bone Marrow/drug effects/*physiology ; Cell Division/drug effects ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Erythropoiesis/*drug effects ; Female ; Interferons/*pharmacology ; Liver/drug effects/physiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Species Specificity
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  • 77
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-06-20
    Description: Thirty-four population samples representing the worldwide distribution of the mosquito Aedes aegypti were analyzed for variation at 19 to 22 enzyme-coding genes. A multivariate discriminant analysis revealed that the genetic differences among populations in six geographic regions and between two subspecies enable one to determine the regional origin of a population. Such studies of population genetics may have quite general applicability in studying vector-borne diseases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Powell, J R -- Tabachnick, W J -- Arnold, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jun 20;208(4450):1385-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7375945" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aedes/*genetics ; Alleles ; Animals ; Enzymes/genetics ; Gene Frequency ; Insect Vectors/*genetics ; Species Specificity
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  • 78
    Publication Date: 1980-08-15
    Description: In humans and rhesus monkeys, dexamethasone decreased concentrations of plasma cortisol but did not alter circulating beta-endorphin immunoreactivity. Contrary to current theory suggesting that pituitary beta-endorphin and adrenocorticotropic hormone are controlled by identical regulatory mechanisms for synthesis and release, our evidence suggests that in higher primates the established glucocorticoid feedback mechanism for the adrenocorticotropic hormone-cortisol system does not regulate beta-endorphin secretion in the same way.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kalin, N H -- Risch, S C -- Cohen, R M -- Insel, T -- Murphy, D L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 15;209(4458):827-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6250217" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/secretion ; Adult ; Animals ; Dexamethasone/*pharmacology ; Endorphins/*blood/secretion ; Feedback ; Female ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone/blood ; Macaca mulatta ; Male ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/secretion ; Protein Precursors/metabolism ; Species Specificity ; Stress, Physiological/blood
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  • 79
    Publication Date: 1980-03-21
    Description: In rhesus monkeys with hypothalamic lesions (which appear to abolish the endogenous production of gonadotropin-releasing hormone), normal ovulatory mestrual cycles were reestablished by an unvarying, long-term replacement regimen consisting of one intravenous pulse of synthetic gonadotropic-releasing hormone per hour. This finding is in accord with the hypothesis that the pattern of pituitary gonadotropin secretion throughout the menstrual cycle (basal secretion interrupted, once every 28 days on the average, by a preovulatory surge) is not directed by alterations in hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion but by the ebb and flow of ovarian estrogens acting directly on the pituitary gland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Knobil, E -- Plant, T M -- Wildt, L -- Belchetz, P E -- Marshall, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 21;207(4437):1371-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6766566" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Castration ; Estradiol/pharmacology ; Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/*physiology ; Haplorhini ; Hypothalamus/*physiology ; Macaca/*physiology ; Macaca mulatta/*physiology ; *Menstruation/drug effects ; Pituitary Gland/physiology ; Species Specificity
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  • 80
    Publication Date: 1980-07-18
    Description: Survival in the mouse and human intestine of Escherichia coli host-vector systems used and proposed for recombinant DNA technology was assessed. There was no detectable survival of severely disabled E. coli K12 strain X1776 in mice or in human subjects 24 hours after ingestion. The same strain bearing the plasmid pBR322, however, was recovered from human subjects for 4 days in amounts of six organisms for every million ingested. Nondisabled E. coli K12 strain X1666, with or without pBR322, survived in 10(4)-fold greater numbers and for 2 days longer, with better recovery of the plasmid-containing derivative. Although the plasmid-bearing strains were recovered for longer periods, no intestinal colonization was noted. Despite the presence of pBR322 for a maximum of 6 days in the human intestine, there was no evidence that it was transferred from either bacterial host to endogenous aerobic fecal bacteria.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Levy, S B -- Marshall, B -- Rowse-Eagle, D -- Onderdonk, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 18;209(4454):391-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6992276" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; DNA, Recombinant/metabolism ; Escherichia coli/*physiology ; Humans ; Intestines/*microbiology ; Mice ; Plasmids ; Species Specificity
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  • 81
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-07-11
    Description: Serum albumin was detected immunologically in muscle from a mammoth that died about 40,000 years ago. Rabbits injected with ground mammoth muscle produced antibodies that react strongly with elephant albumin, weakly with sea cow albumin, and still more weakly or not at all with other mammalian albumins. Since elephant albumin elicited antibodies with the same specificity, some of the surviving mammoth albumin molecules evidently have antigenic sites identical to those on native elephant albumin. Much of the mammoth albumin has, however, undergone postmortem change. The small amount of soluble albumin extractable from mammoth muscle is heterogeneous in size, charge, and antigenic properties.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Prager, E M -- Wilson, A C -- Lowenstein, J M -- Sarich, V M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 11;209(4453):287-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6155699" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Elephants/*blood ; Epitopes ; *Fossils ; History, Ancient ; Immunodiffusion ; Muscles/*analysis ; *Paleontology ; Rabbits/immunology ; Serum Albumin/*analysis/immunology ; Species Specificity
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  • 82
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-04-04
    Description: Analysis of lifetime studies of 243 beagles with skeletal burdens of radium-226 shows that the distribution of bone cancers clusters about a linear function of the logarithms of radiation dose rate to the skeleton and time from exposure until death. Similar relations displaced by species-dependent response ratios also provide satisfactory descriptions of the reported data on deaths from primary bone cancers in people and mice exposed to radium-226. The median cumulative doses (or times) leading to death from bone tumors are 2.9 times larger for dogs than for mice and 3.6 times larger for people than for dogs. These response ratios are well correlated with the normal life expectancies. The cumulative radiation dose required to give significant risk of bone cancer is found to be much less at lower dose rates than at higher rates, but the time required for the tumors to be manifested is longer. At low dose rates, this time exceeds the normal life-span and appears as a practical threshold, which for bone cancer is estimated to occur at an average cumulative radiation dose to the skeleton of about 50 to 110 rads for the three species.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Raabe, O G -- Book, S A -- Parks, N J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 4;208(4439):61-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7361106" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bone Neoplasms/*etiology/mortality ; *Disease Models, Animal ; *Dogs ; *Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Humans ; Mice ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/*etiology ; Radium/*adverse effects ; Species Specificity
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  • 83
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-07-11
    Description: The ratio of respiration to nitrogenase activity was measured in five species of actinorhizal root nodules and eight species of legume nodules. The two types of nodules could not be distinguished on the basis of this ratio; this evidence thus indicates that the energy cost of nitrogen fixation is similar for both.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tjepkema, J D -- Winship, L J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 11;209(4453):279-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7384801" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actinomycetales/metabolism ; Kinetics ; *Nitrogen Fixation ; Plants/*metabolism ; Rhizobium/metabolism ; Species Specificity
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  • 84
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-04-06
    Description: Vascular casts of the pituitary gland have demonstrated a paucity of veins extending from the adenohypophysis to the systemic circulation and have suggested that some adenohypophyseal venous blood returns to the neurohypophysis. The neurohypophyseal capillary bed may function as a vascular switch and in this article a series of 14 questions are proposed regarding the vascular dynamics of the pituitary. Together these questions raise the larger question, namely, whether pituitary hormones are transported directly to the brain to modify brain function?〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bergland, R M -- Page, R B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 6;204(4388):18-24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/373118" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arteriovenous Anastomosis/anatomy & histology ; Capillaries/anatomy & histology ; Cats ; *Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Dogs ; Humans ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/blood supply ; Pituitary Gland/*blood supply ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/blood supply ; Rats ; Species Specificity
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  • 85
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-09-07
    Description: In the past two decades, biochemistry and molecular biology have demonstrated the existence of potentially exploitable biochemical differences between etiologic agents of disease and their hosts. Known differences between organism and host with respect to metabolism and polymer structure point to the detailed characterization of key proteins as the focus for the development of potential inhibitors. In the last decade, the methodology of the isolation, characterization, and inactivation of proteins and enzymes has been advanced. The present scientific and technological base suggests that new efforts toward the development of selective chemotherapeutic agents for infections caused by bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and higher eukaryotes should exploit the known differences in proteins or other specific biopolymers serving crucial structural or metabolic roles in the economy of the parasite.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, S S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):964-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/382357" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Anti-Bacterial Agents ; *Antiviral Agents ; Communicable Diseases/*drug therapy ; Humans ; Mycobacterium leprae/metabolism ; Polysaccharides, Bacterial/metabolism ; Species Specificity ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Trypanosomiasis/drug therapy ; Vidarabine/pharmacology ; Viral Proteins/biosynthesis ; Virus Replication/drug effects
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  • 86
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-10-05
    Description: Radioimmunoassay and chromatography analyses of hypothalamic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) have demonstrated the presence of LHRH-like immunoreactive peptides in a wide range of vertebrates. Contrary to previous reports, the molecule differs in various vertebrates. Avian, reptilian, and teleostean LHRH's are chemically distinct from the mammalian peptide but are in themselves indistinguishable. However, amphibian LHRH appears to be identical to the mammalian peptide. These findings have interesting evolutionary implications.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉King, J A -- Millar, R P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 5;206(4414):67-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/384514" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Chromatography ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/*analysis/immunology ; Hypothalamus/analysis ; Radioimmunoassay ; Species Specificity ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 87
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-04-06
    Description: Occluding junctions have been found between the lateral cell borders at the base of the rectum of Periplaneta americana. They appear as punctate membrane appositions in thin sections, and after incubation in physiological solutions containing lanthanum before fixation the inward penetration of tracer is impeded in this same basal area. Moreover, freeze-fracture studies of this region reveal simple linear ridges on fracture face P and grooves on fracture face E, which are similar to the less complex vertebrate tight junctions. The luminal clefts, which permit free inward diffusion of tracers, present no tight junctions, but do have septate junctions. These results support the contention that, contrary to earlier speculation, arthropods do possess tight junctions; these, rather than septate junctions, appear to form the morphological basis of at least some of the permeability barriers observed in invertebrates.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lane, N J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 6;204(4388):91-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/432631" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cockroaches/*ultrastructure ; Epithelium/physiology/ultrastructure ; Freeze Fracturing ; Intercellular Junctions/*ultrastructure ; Periplaneta/*ultrastructure ; Rectum/physiology/ultrastructure ; Species Specificity ; Water-Electrolyte Balance
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  • 88
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-08-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, H O -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 3;205(4405):455-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/377492" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Base Sequence ; DNA Restriction Enzymes/*metabolism ; DNA, Bacterial ; Escherichia coli/enzymology ; Haemophilus influenzae/enzymology ; Species Specificity ; Substrate Specificity
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  • 89
    Publication Date: 1979-05-25
    Description: Monkeys of four species were trained to discriminate between sets of natural tonal calls of Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) by the position of a frequency-inflection peak or by initial pitch. The Japanese macaques consistently performed best on peak position and the other species on pitch. The results imply special strategies for perceptional processing of vocal sounds and suggest parallels with human speech perception.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zoloth, S R -- Petersen, M R -- Beecher, M D -- Green, S -- Marler, P -- Moody, D B -- Stebbins, W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 May 25;204(4395):870-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/108805" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Auditory Perception/*physiology ; Haplorhini ; Macaca/*physiology ; Species Specificity ; Speech Perception/*physiology ; Vocalization, Animal/*physiology
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  • 90
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-08-03
    Description: The contrast sensitivity of the rhesus monkey was tested, according to a modified reaction-time paradigm, for sine-wave grating targets at different orientations. The monkey possesses an oblique effect slightly larger than that of humans. A reaction time analysis showed the oblique effect to be a suprathreshold as well as a threshold phenomenon. The presence of this effect further strengthens the use of the monkey as a model for the human visual system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Boltz, R L -- Harwerth, R S -- Smith, E L 3rd -- R01 EY001139/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 3;205(4405):511-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/109923" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Macaca mulatta ; Species Specificity ; *Visual Perception
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  • 91
    Publication Date: 1979-03-23
    Description: Morphological, karyological, and allozyme analyses indicate that the parthenogenetic lizards Cnemidophorus neomexicanus and diploid C. tesselatus are hybrids formed, respectively, by crosses involving the bisexual species C. tigris and C. inornatus, and C. tigris and C. septemvittatus. Mitochondrial DNA, which is inherited maternally, was obtained from each of these species. Analyses of the mitochondrial DNA's and their restriction endonuclease digestion products by electron microscopy and agarose gel electrophoresis support the hybridization hypothesis by indicating that C. tigris (specifically the subspecies marmoratus) was the maternal parent species for both C. neomexicanus and C. tesselatus. Furthermore, these data imply that these two parthenogenetic species are younger than some races of C. tigris.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brown, W M -- Wright, J W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Mar 23;203(4386):1247-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/424751" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; DNA Restriction Enzymes/metabolism ; DNA, Mitochondrial/*genetics ; Lizards/*genetics ; *Parthenogenesis ; Reproduction ; Species Specificity
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  • 92
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-07-27
    Description: The channels in the junctions of various mammalian cell types--primary cultures and lines--were probed with a series of linear fluorescent amino acid and peptide molecules of different size and charge. Permeability is limited by probe size and electronegativity, these two factors apparently being related reciprocally. In respect to both factors, mammalian junctional channels are more restrictive than insect channels; hence the mammalian channels are narrower, more polar, or both. The channels of the various mammalian cell types differed slightly from each other; in some types the serum of the culture medium affected the channel permeability.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Flagg-Newton, J -- Simpson, I -- Loewenstein, W R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jul 27;205(4404):404-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/377490" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Cell Membrane/physiology ; *Cell Membrane Permeability ; Cells, Cultured ; Cricetinae ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Kidney ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Species Specificity
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  • 93
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-10-05
    Description: Shark mitochondrial respiration was studied in media with osmolalities between 160 and 1500 milliosmoles. The respiratory control ratio, a marker for functional integrity of the isolated mitochondria, was maximal at 1000 millismoles and decreased during hypotonic or hypertonic exposure. Shark mitochondria function best at their native tonicity, a value that produces abnormal function in mammalian mitochondria.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewiston, N -- Newman, A -- Robin, E -- Holtzman, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 5;206(4414):75-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/482928" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Diphosphate/metabolism ; Animals ; Mitochondria, Heart/*metabolism ; Mitochondria, Liver/metabolism ; *Osmolar Concentration ; *Oxygen Consumption ; Rats ; Sharks/*metabolism ; Species Specificity
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  • 94
    Publication Date: 1979-08-03
    Description: The RNA polymerase binding sites on the DNA of (i) the aroE-trkA-spc segment of the Escherichia coli genome, (ii) transposon Tn3, (iii) plasmid ColE1, and (iv) coliphage lambda were mapped by electron microscopy, with the use of the BAC technique; these maps were compared with the maps of the early-melting regions for the same genomes. The results indicate that in all these cases the binding sites for the E. coli RNA polymerase lie preferentially in the early melting regions of DNA. These data indicate that helix stability may be an important feature of the multipartite nature of the promoter structure.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vollenweider, H J -- Fiandt, M -- Szybalski, W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 3;205(4405):508-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/377494" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *DNA, Bacterial ; *DNA, Viral ; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases/*metabolism ; Drug Stability ; Escherichia coli/enzymology ; *Genes ; Microscopy, Electron ; *Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Nucleic Acid Denaturation ; Plasmids ; Protein Binding ; Species Specificity
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  • 95
    Publication Date: 1979-02-09
    Description: The possibility of immunizing human infants against rotaviruses, which cause severe dehydrating diarrheal disease, may depend on the use of a related rotavirus, derived from another animal species, as a source of antigen. To test the feasibility of this approach, calves were infected in utero with a bovine rotavirus and challenged with bovine or human type 2 rotavirus shortly after birth. Infection in utero with bovine rotavirus induced resistance to diarrheal disease caused by the human virus as well as the homologous bovine virus. These data suggest that the bovine virus is sufficiently related antigenically to the human type 2 virus to warrant further evaluation of the former as a source of vaccine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wyatt, R G -- Mebus, C A -- Yolken, R H -- Kalica, A R -- James, H D Jr -- Kapikian, A Z -- Chanock, R M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Feb 9;203(4380):548-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/216077" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn/immunology ; Cattle ; Cross Reactions ; Diarrhea, Infantile/prevention & control ; Germ-Free Life ; Humans ; Immunization ; RNA Viruses/*immunology ; Rotavirus/*immunology ; Species Specificity ; Viral Vaccines/immunology ; Virus Diseases/*prevention & control
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  • 96
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-12-07
    Description: The sex of hatchling map turtles is determined by incubation temperature of eggs in the laboratory as well as in nature. Temperature controls sex differentiation rather than causing a differential mortality of sexes. Temperature has no effect on sex determination in a soft-shelled turtle.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bull, J J -- Vogt, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 7;206(4423):1186-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/505003" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Female ; Genotype ; Male ; *Sex Determination Analysis ; Species Specificity ; Temperature ; Turtles/*physiology
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  • 97
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-09-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Reitz, R H -- Quast, J F -- Watanabe, P G -- Gehring, P J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 21;205(4412):1206-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472737" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biotransformation ; *Carcinogens ; Humans ; Risk ; Species Specificity ; Vinyl Chloride/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 98
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-12-21
    Description: C-banding, G-banding, and silver (Ag-AS) staining techniques reveal a distinctive sex chromosome system in the turtle Staurotypus salvinii. Unlike previously described systems in most other vertebrate groups in which the Y or W is derived and the homogametic sex represents the primitive condition, the reverse is true for S. salvinii. The X chromosome is derived; thus the homogametic sex (female) is more derived than the heterogametic sex. The male is intermediate between the female and the ancestral condition observed in other turtle species. Staurotypus does not confirm to the general model of sex chromosome evolution for diploid dioecious organisms.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sites, J W Jr -- Bickham, J W -- Haiduk, M W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 21;206(4425):1410-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/92052" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Female ; Sex Chromosomes/*ultrastructure ; Silver ; Species Specificity ; Staining and Labeling ; Turtles/*anatomy & histology ; X Chromosome/*ultrastructure
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 99
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-06-22
    Description: Although the pygmy chimpanzee (Pan paniscus) is more similar to man than is the common chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) in some traits, the resemblance is due primarily to the smaller size and concomitant allometric generalization of the former. The two species of chimpanzees are equally good models for the common ancestry of African apes and man.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Corruccini, R S -- McHenry, H M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 22;204(4399):1341-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451545" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anthropometry ; Biometry ; Humans ; Pan troglodytes/*anatomy & histology/growth & development ; Species Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 100
    Publication Date: 1979-10-26
    Description: Cholecystokinin octapeptide decreased food intake in a dose-related manner when injected continuously into the lateral cerebral ventricles of sheep that had been deprived of food for 2, 4, 8, or 24 hours. In sheep deprived of food for 2 hours, as little as 0.01 picomole per minute suppressed feeding 35 percent 1 hour after beginning injection. Pentagastrin also decreased feeding in the 2-hour group, but only at a much higher dose range. Secretin had no effect. These findings support the hypothesis that cholecystokinin octapeptide acts on central nervous system structures that are involved in control of food intake.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Della-Fera, M A -- Baile, C A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 26;206(4417):471-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/504989" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/drug effects ; Cholecystokinin/administration & dosage/*pharmacology ; Depression, Chemical ; Feeding Behavior/*drug effects ; Injections, Intraventricular ; Pentagastrin/pharmacology ; Peptide Fragments/pharmacology ; Rats ; Secretin/pharmacology ; Sheep ; Species Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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