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  • Cats
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (105)
  • Nature Publishing Group
  • 1980-1984  (68)
  • 1975-1979  (37)
  • 1940-1944
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (105)
  • Nature Publishing Group
  • Springer  (1)
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Year
  • 1
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    Cerebellar autonomic function: direct hypothalamocerebellar pathway (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-02-10
    Description: A direct hypothalamocerebellar projection in the cat was revealed by means of retrograde transport of wheat germ agglutinin--horseradish peroxidase complex. This appears to be the first demonstration of a significant autonomic input to the cerebellum. The projection has a widespread origin and is bilateral with an ipsilateral preponderance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dietrichs, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Feb 10;223(4636):591-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6198719" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Axonal Transport ; Cats ; Cerebellar Cortex/physiology ; Cerebellum/*physiology ; Efferent Pathways/physiology ; Horseradish Peroxidase ; Hypothalamus/*physiology ; Lectins ; Neurons/*physiology ; Wheat Germ Agglutinins
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    External imaging of cerebral muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-01-20
    Description: A radioiodinated ligand that binds to muscarinic acetylcholine receptors was shown to distribute in the brain by a receptor-mediated process. With single-photon-emission imaging techniques, radioactivity was detected in the cerebrum but not in the cerebellum, whereas with a flow-limited radiotracer, radioactivity was detected in cerebrum and cerebellum. Single-photon-emission computed tomography showed good definition of the caudate putamen and cortex in man.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Eckelman, W C -- Reba, R C -- Rzeszotarski, W J -- Gibson, R E -- Hill, T -- Holman, B L -- Budinger, T -- Conklin, J J -- Eng, R -- Grissom, M P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jan 20;223(4633):291-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6608148" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Brain Chemistry ; Cats ; Caudate Nucleus/analysis ; Cerebellum/analysis ; Dogs ; Humans ; Putamen/analysis ; Quinuclidines/metabolism ; Quinuclidinyl Benzilate/metabolism ; Radioligand Assay ; Rats ; Receptors, Muscarinic/*analysis/metabolism ; Tomography, Emission-Computed
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Animal rights bill defeated in California (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-06-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fox, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jun 29;224(4656):1414.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6729460" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Animals, Laboratory ; California ; Cats ; Dogs ; *Ethics, Medical ; Legislation, Medical ; Maryland ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
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  • 4
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    Massachusetts forbids use of impounded pets in labs (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-01-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fox, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jan 13;223(4632):151.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6691141" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Animals, Domestic ; *Animals, Laboratory ; Cats ; Dogs ; *Legislation, Veterinary ; Massachusetts ; *Research
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 5
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    Activation of pontine cholinergic sites implicated in unconsciousness following cerebral concussion in the cat (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-01-20
    Description: Low levels of cerebral concussion in the cat produce reversible behavioral suppression presumably associated with unconsciousness. This injury is also associated with increased rates of glucose utilization in regions within the dorsomedial pontine tegmentum. Microinjection of carbachol into these regions produced behavioral suppression resembling that following concussion. These data, together with previously published observations on cholinergic responses to brain injury, suggest that concussive unconsciousness may be attributable in part to activation of cholinergic pontine sites.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hayes, R L -- Pechura, C M -- Katayama, Y -- Povlishock, J T -- Giebel, M L -- Becker, D P -- NS 12587/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jan 20;223(4633):301-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6701514" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Atropine/pharmacology ; Brain Concussion/*physiopathology ; Carbachol/pharmacology ; Cats ; Cholinergic Fibers/*physiopathology ; Deoxyglucose/metabolism ; Pons/metabolism/*physiopathology ; Tetracaine/pharmacology ; Unconsciousness/*physiopathology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 6
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    Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-like substance: the potential transmitter for cerebral vasodilation (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-05-25
    Description: In vitro pharmacological studies demonstrated that exogenously applied vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) relaxes the smooth muscle cells of cat cerebral arteries, whereas substance P constricts them. Ultrastructural-immunocytochemical techniques show that a VIP-like substance is present in the large granular vesicles of nonsympathetic nerve axons and terminals in the cerebral arterial walls. These results provide strong evidence in favor of the hypothesis that a VIP-like substance is the transmitter for vasodilation in cerebral blood vessels.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, T J -- Saito, A -- Berezin, I -- BRSG S07RR0543/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- HL 27763/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 May 25;224(4651):898-901.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6719122" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Cerebral Arteries/drug effects ; *Cerebrovascular Circulation ; In Vitro Techniques ; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide/pharmacology/*physiology ; *Vasodilation ; Vasomotor System/drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 7
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    Kainic acid induces sprouting of retinal neurons (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-02-03
    Description: The neurotoxin kainic acid caused dose-dependent morphological changes in horizontal cells of the retinas of adult cats and rabbits. High concentrations of kainic acid killed the cells, but when exposed to sublethal doses they contracted their dendritic fields and sent sprouting processes into the inner retina. It appears that kainic acid can induce neuronal growth as well as degeneration and that the potential for morphological plasticity is still present in neurons of the adult mammalian retina.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Peichl, L -- Bolz, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Feb 3;223(4635):503-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6691162" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Dendrites/ultrastructure ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Kainic Acid/*pharmacology ; Nerve Degeneration/drug effects ; Neurons/cytology/*drug effects ; Pyrrolidines/*pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Retina/cytology/*drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 8
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    Identification of common interneurons mediating pre- and postsynaptic inhibition in the cat spinal cord (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-06-29
    Description: The spike-triggered averaging of dorsal and ventral root potentials permits the identification of two populations of interneurons in the intermediate nucleus of the cat spinal cord. One produced negative dorsal root potentials and inhibitory ventral root potentials, in some cases with monosynaptic latencies, suggesting that they mediate presynaptic inhibition of group I afferent fibers from muscles and postsynaptic inhibition of motoneurons. The other population mediated only nonreciprocal postsynaptic inhibition of motoneurons.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Solodkin, M -- Jimenez, I -- Rudomin, P -- NS 09196/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jun 29;224(4656):1453-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6328657" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Cats ; Interneurons/*physiology ; Motor Neurons/physiology ; Neurons, Afferent/physiology ; Spinal Cord/cytology/*physiology ; Synapses/*physiology ; Synaptic Transmission
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  • 9
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    Transmammary infection of newborn by larval trematodes (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-03-09
    Description: Newborn cats and mice became infected with Alaria marcianae if they nursed from females that had been experimentally infected with the parasite. All lactating females showed mesocercarial stages in their mammary glands. This may be the first trematode found to undergo transmission through the mammary glands under experimental conditions. Similarities in the behavior of mesocercariae in humans and in the mouse suggest that an infected human female might infect her infant if she elected to nurse it.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shoop, W L -- Corkum, K C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Mar 9;223(4640):1082-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6695195" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Cats ; Feces/parasitology ; Female ; *Lactation ; Mammary Glands, Animal/*parasitology ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Mice ; Pregnancy ; Trematode Infections/congenital/parasitology/*transmission
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 10
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    Spinal sympathetic pathway: an enkephalin ladder (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-17
    Description: Enkephalin distribution was examined in autonomic areas of the rat thoracic spinal cord. The localization of enkephalin fibers coincided with nuclear regions containing sympathetic preganglionic neurons. Horizontal sections revealed a pattern for enkephalin fibers resembling Laruelle's description of the localization of sympathetic preganglionic neurons as rungs of a ladder.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Romagnano, M A -- Hamill, R W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 17;225(4663):737-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6463650" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autonomic Fibers, Preganglionic/physiology ; Cats ; Colchicine ; Enkephalins/*physiology ; Female ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Spinal Cord/*physiology ; Sympathetic Nervous System/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 11
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    Ventral posterior thalamic neurons differentially responsive to noxious stimulation of the awake monkey (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-08-12
    Description: Of 76 cutaneously activated neurons recorded from the ventral posterior thalamus of awake, behaving monkeys, nine were weakly excited by innocuous skin stimulation and responded maximally only when noxious mechanical cutaneous stimuli were delivered within small, contralateral receptive fields. These results show that neurons capable of encoding the spatial and temporal features of noxious stimuli are located in the ventral posterior thalamus of the awake primate.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Casey, K L -- Morrow, T J -- NS 12581/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 12;221(4611):675-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6867738" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Consciousness/physiology ; Electric Stimulation ; Neurons, Afferent/physiology ; Pain/*physiopathology ; Physical Stimulation ; Rats ; Saimiri ; Thalamic Nuclei/physiology ; Thalamus/cytology/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 12
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    Proviral DNA of a retrovirus, human T-cell leukemia virus, in two patients with AIDS (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-05-20
    Description: The acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is characterized by T-lymphocyte dysfunction and is frequently accompanied by opportunistic infections and Kaposi's sarcoma. Human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) is associated with T-cell malignancies and can transform T lymphocytes in vitro. In an attempt to find evidence of HTLV infection in patients with AIDS, DNA from samples of peripheral blood lymphocytes from 33 AIDS patients was analyzed by Southern blot-hybridization with a radiolabeled cloned HTLV DNA probe. Analysis of DNA from both the fresh (uncultured) lymphocytes and from T cells cultured with T-cell growth factor revealed the presence of integrated HTLV proviral sequences in lymphocytes from two of the patients, both of whom had antibody to HTLV. The proviral sequences could not be detected in blood samples obtained from these individuals at a later date, consistent with the possibility that the population of infected cells had become depleted.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gelmann, E P -- Popovic, M -- Blayney, D -- Masur, H -- Sidhu, G -- Stahl, R E -- Gallo, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 20;220(4599):862-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6601822" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/etiology/immunology/*microbiology ; Adult ; Animals ; Cats ; DNA, Viral/*analysis ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Retroviridae/genetics ; T-Lymphocytes/analysis/microbiology ; Tumor Virus Infections/complications/*microbiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 13
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    A cholinergic-sensitive channel in the cat visual system tuned to low spatial frequencies (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-09-09
    Description: Visually evoked responses to counterphased gratings were recorded from the cat visual cortex before and after physostigmine administration. Physostigmine markedly reduced the responses to low spatial frequencies, but minimally affected the response to high frequencies. This effect is considered cholinergic since it could be reversed by atropine. These results support at least a two-channel model of spatial frequency responsivity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Harding, T H -- Wiley, R W -- Kirby, A W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 9;221(4615):1076-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6879206" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Atropine/pharmacology ; Cats ; Evoked Potentials, Visual ; Models, Neurological ; Parasympathetic Nervous System/*physiology ; Physostigmine/pharmacology ; *Vision, Ocular/drug effects ; Visual Cortex/*physiology
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  • 14
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    Active shortening retards the decline of the intracellular calcium transient in mammalian heart muscle (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-07-08
    Description: When active shortening of the cat papillary muscle was allowed at any time during a contraction, the intracellular concentration of free calcium ions, detected with the calcium-sensitive bioluminescent protein aequorin, was higher than at comparable times in isometric twitches. The difference was not attributable to the differences of length involved or to motion artifacts, and must have been related to the act of shortening or the difference in force development in the two types of contractions. This observation and the phenomenon of shortening deactivation are both consistent with the hypothesis that attachment of cross bridges increases the affinity of the myofilaments for calcium ions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Housmans, P R -- Lee, N K -- Blinks, J R -- HL 12186/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- TW 03046/TW/FIC NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 8;221(4606):159-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6857274" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aequorin ; Animals ; Calcium/analysis/*physiology ; Cats ; Extracellular Space/analysis ; *Myocardial Contraction ; Myocardium/*metabolism ; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum/physiology
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  • 15
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    Leukotrienes: mediators of immediate hypersensitivity reactions and inflammation (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-05-06
    Description: Arachidonic acid plays a central role in a biological control system where such oxygenated derivatives as prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes are mediators. The leukotrienes are formed by transformation of arachidonic acid into an unstable epoxide intermediate, leukotriene A4, which can be converted enzymatically by hydration to leukotriene B4, and by addition of glutathione to leukotriene C4. This last compound is metabolized to leukotrienes D4 and E4 by successive elimination of a gamma-glutamyl residue and glycine. Slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis consists of leukotrienes C4, D4, and E4. The cysteinyl-containing leukotrienes are potent bronchoconstrictors, increase vascular permeability in postcapillary venules, and stimulate mucus secretion. Leukotriene B4 causes adhesion and chemotactic movement of leukocytes and stimulates aggregation, enzyme release, and generation of superoxide in neutrophils. Leukotrienes C4, D4, and E4, which are released from the lung tissue of asthmatic subjects exposed to specific allergens, seem to play a pathophysiological role in immediate hypersensitivity reactions. These leukotrienes, as well as leukotriene B4, have pro-inflammatory effects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Samuelsson, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 6;220(4597):568-75.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6301011" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arachidonic Acids/metabolism/pharmacology/physiology ; Bronchi/drug effects ; Cats ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Cricetinae ; Guinea Pigs ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity, Immediate/*physiopathology ; Inflammation/*physiopathology ; Leukocytes/drug effects/metabolism ; Leukotriene B4/pharmacology/*physiology ; Mice ; Microcirculation/drug effects ; Rabbits ; Rats ; SRS-A/*physiology
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  • 16
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    Calicivirus isolation and persistence in a pygmy chimpanzee (Pan paniscus) (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-07-01
    Description: What may be the first calicivirus isolate from any primate species, including man, was recovered from a herpesvirus-like lip lesion on a pygmy chimpanzee and then, 6 months later, from the throat of the same animal. The infected individual and its cage mates had circulating antibodies that were type-specific for this calicivirus. The agent was antigenically different from 30 other calicivirus serotypes and is tentatively designated primate calicivirus Pan paniscus type 1 (PCV-Pan 1).〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, A W -- Skilling, D E -- Ensley, P K -- Benirschke, K -- Lester, T L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 1;221(4605):79-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6304880" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigen-Antibody Complex/immunology ; Antigens, Viral/immunology ; Caliciviridae/immunology/*isolation & purification/ultrastructure ; Cats ; Cattle ; Hominidae/*microbiology ; Humans ; Microscopy, Electron ; Picornaviridae Infections/*microbiology ; Swine
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  • 17
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    Suppression of the humoral antibody response in natural retrovirus infections (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-05-20
    Description: The feline leukemia virus (FeLV) frequently causes death by predisposing the host to acute infections by other pathogens rather than by inducing leukemia. In a previous study, cats infected with FeLV were found to have prolonged homograft rejection responses but there was no evidence that the humoral immune response was impaired. In the present study, the humoral response to the synthetic multichain polypeptide (L-tyrosine-L-glutamic acid)-poly-DL-alanine-poly-L-lysine, denoted (T.G)AL, was found to be significantly depressed in healthy cats that were naturally infected with FeLV compared to uninfected controls. In cats with persistent FeLV viremia the major antibody response to (T.G)AL, normally seen at days 9 to 14 after immunization, was both delayed and greatly reduced.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Trainin, Z -- Wernicke, D -- Ungar-Waron, H -- Essex, M -- CA-13885/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-18216/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 20;220(4599):858-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6302837" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibody Formation ; Cats ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Graft Rejection ; Immune Tolerance ; Leukemia/*immunology ; Leukemia Virus, Feline ; Peptides/immunology ; Rodentia
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  • 18
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    Activation of central neurons by ventral root afferents (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-11-25
    Description: It is a fundamental principle of vertebrate neuronal organization that sensory fibers are restricted to dorsal roots and motor fibers to ventral roots. Recent evidence, however, indicates that there are many sensory fibers in ventral roots. The present report shows that stimulation of these fibers activates neurons in the dorsal horn. This provides evidence at the single-cell level for the importance of ventral root afferents and provides an explanation for the clinical phenomenon of recurrent sensibility.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chung, J M -- Lee, K H -- Endo, K -- Coggeshall, R E -- NS 10161/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS 11255/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS 18830/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Nov 25;222(4626):934-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6635665" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Electric Stimulation ; Microelectrodes ; Neurons, Afferent/*physiology ; Reaction Time ; Spinal Nerve Roots/*physiology
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  • 19
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    Subthreshold excitatory activity and motoneuron discharge during REM periods of active sleep (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-09-16
    Description: A striking paradox of the rapid eye movement periods of active sleep, which are typically characterized by the exacerbation of somatomotor atonia, is the occurrence of muscle twitches and jerks. The purpose of this study was to examine the specific motoneuron membrane potential processes responsible for these myoclonic patterns of activity. In lumbar motoneurons, examined intracellularly in the cat prepared for long-term study, these processes consisted of recurrent depolarizing membrane potential shifts and spontaneous action potentials that were either full-sized or of partial amplitude. In addition, the invasion of antidromically induced spikes into the soma was often blocked. Hyperpolarizing potentials were evident in the intervals between spontaneous spikes. Hyperpolarization was also observed immediately before depolarization and spike activity, in contrast to the gradual depolarization of the motoneuron membrane potential that always occurred during wakefulness. Thus, during rapid eye movement periods, in conjunction with muscle twitches and jerks, a strong excitatory input is superimposed on a background of inhibitory input. The unique patterns of membrane potential change that arise thus seem to result from the simultaneous coactivation of excitatory and inhibitory processes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chase, M H -- Morales, F R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 16;221(4616):1195-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6310749" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Cats ; Membrane Potentials ; *Motor Activity ; Motor Neurons/*physiology ; *Sleep, REM ; Synaptic Transmission
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  • 20
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    Very brief visual experience eliminates plasticity in the cat visual cortex (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-07-08
    Description: Rearing cats in the dark extends the critical period for development of visual cortical neurons, which indicates that the experience of visual input is necessary to begin the developmental process. A single brief pulse of visual input (6 hours) during a period of dark-rearing eliminates delayed development in the visual cortex. Light therefore seems to rapidly trigger the developmental process, and once triggered, that process runs to completion in the absence of further input.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mower, G D -- Christen, W G -- Caplan, C J -- EY 03335/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- HD 06276/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 8;221(4606):178-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6857278" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Darkness ; *Neuronal Plasticity ; Time Factors ; Vision, Ocular/physiology ; Visual Cortex/growth & development/*physiology
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  • 21
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    Interactions among converging sensory inputs in the superior colliculus (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-07-22
    Description: The responses of superior colliculus cells to a given sensory stimulus were influenced by the presence or absence of other sensory cues. By pooling sensory inputs, many superior colliculus cells seem to amplify the effects of subtle environmental cues in certain conditions, whereas in others, responses to normally effective stimuli can be blocked. The observations illustrate the dynamic, interactive nature of the multisensory inputs which characterize the deeper laminae of the superior colliculus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Meredith, M A -- Stein, B E -- EY 04119/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- NS 06838/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 22;221(4608):389-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6867718" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acoustic Stimulation ; Animals ; Cats ; Cricetinae ; Neural Inhibition ; Photic Stimulation ; Sensory Thresholds ; Superior Colliculi/cytology/*physiology
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  • 22
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    Monkey model of Parkinson's disease (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-05-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 13;220(4598):705.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6403987" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine ; Adult ; Animals ; Cats ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Male ; Parkinson Disease/physiopathology ; Parkinson Disease, Secondary/*chemically induced ; Pyridines/*adverse effects ; Rats ; Substantia Nigra/drug effects/physiopathology ; Swine
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  • 23
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    Relative brain size and metabolism in mammals (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-06-17
    Description: Comparisons of the relation between brain and body weights among extant mammals show that brain sizes have not increased as much as body sizes. Interspecific increases in brain and body size appear to occur at the same rate, however, when the amount of available energy is taken into account. After this adjustment, brains of primates are slightly larger than expected from the overall mammalian data, but primates also use a larger proportion of their total energy reserves for their brains. Analyses of relative brain size must take into account the requirements that the metabolically active brain has for the body.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Armstrong, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 17;220(4603):1302-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6407108" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Basal Metabolism ; Body Weight ; Cats ; Chiroptera/anatomy & histology ; Dogs ; Haplorhini/anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Mammals/*anatomy & histology/metabolism ; Primates/anatomy & histology ; Rats ; Species Specificity
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  • 24
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    Human T-cell leukemia virus linked to AIDS (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-05-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 20;220(4599):806-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6601821" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/etiology/*microbiology ; Animals ; Cats ; Humans ; *Retroviridae/isolation & purification ; T-Lymphocytes/microbiology ; Tumor Virus Infections/complications/*microbiology
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  • 25
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    Basilar membrane tuning in the cat cochlea (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-01-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Khanna, S M -- Leonard, D G -- 5 K04 NS 00292/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- 5 R01 NS 03654/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 15;215(4530):305-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7053580" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Basilar Membrane/*physiology ; Cats ; Cochlea/*physiology ; Ear, Inner/*physiology ; Hearing/*physiology ; Vibration
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 26
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    Force-sensitive interneurons in the spinal cord of the cat (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-08-13
    Description: The input-output properties of interneurons mediating spinal reflexes were investigated by extracellularly recording the response of interneurons to excitation from muscle receptors in the ankle extensor muscles of decerebrated, spinal cats. A population ofinterneurons in the intermediate region ofthe spinal cord is potently excited by increases in muscle force. Unlike the discharge of Golgi tendon organs, which accurately encodes moment-to-moment variations in the force of a single muscle, the discharge of these interneurons depends in a dynamic and usually nonlinear way on the force in several muscles. Powerful input from unidentified mechanoreceptors in muscle, presumably free nerve endings, is at least partly responsible for these properties. These force-sensitive interneurons are more likely to mediate clasp knife-type inhibition than simple negative force feedback.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cleland, C L -- Rymer, W Z -- Edwards, F R -- 5T32GM07350/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- NS14959/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 13;217(4560):652-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089586" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Evoked Potentials ; Golgi-Mazzoni Corpuscles/physiology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Interneurons/*physiology ; Mechanoreceptors/physiology ; Motor Neurons/physiology ; Muscle Contraction ; Muscles/innervation ; *Proprioception ; Reflex, Stretch ; Spinal Cord/*physiology
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  • 27
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    Spinal sympathetic neurons: possible sites of opiate-withdrawal suppression by clonidine (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-03-26
    Description: Morphine, methadone, meperidine, fentanyl, and clonidine rapidly depressed transmission through sympathetic preganglionic neurons in cats with the spinal cord transected. Naloxone promptly antagonized this effect of the opiates but not that of clonidine which was reversed by alpha 2-adrenergic receptor antagonists. The independent depression of preganglionic neurons by clonidine may contribute to the ability of this drug to depress the symptoms of opiate withdrawal that are characterized by sympathetic hyperactivity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Franz, D N -- Hare, D B -- McCloskey, K L -- GM-07579/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HL-24085/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- RR-05428/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 26;215(4540):1643-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6280276" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Clonidine/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Evoked Potentials/drug effects ; Humans ; Narcotics/pharmacology ; Receptors, Drug/drug effects ; Reflex/drug effects ; Spinal Cord/cytology ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/*drug therapy ; Sympathetic Nervous System/*drug effects ; Synaptic Transmission/*drug effects
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  • 28
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    Flexor reflex control of the external sphincter of the urethra in paraplegia (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-06-11
    Description: In paraplegics and quadriplegics a profound paralysis of skeletal muscles occurs below the level of the spinal lesion. Unexplained in this state is the development of an overactive external urethral sphincter, which interferes with emptying of the bladder and may lead to infection of the urinary tract. Studies of cats show that the discharge of motoneurons causing this contraction has all the characteristics of a flexor reflex.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jolesz, F A -- Cheng-Tao, X -- Ruenzel, P W -- Henneman, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 11;216(4551):1243-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7200635" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Disease Models, Animal ; Male ; Motor Neurons/physiology ; Paraplegia/*physiopathology ; Reflex/physiology ; Urethra/*innervation/physiopathology
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  • 29
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    Interspecies variations in mammalian lens metabolites as detected by phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-03-26
    Description: Multiple interspecies differences were detected between humans and seven other mammals in 15 of the 24 metabolites measured in the intact crystalline lens and lens perchloric acid extracts. Generally, the number of statistically significant metabolite differences among the various species, relative to the human, increase in the following order: cat or approximately dog greater than pig greater than rat greater than sheep greater than rabbit greater than cow.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kopp, S J -- Glonek, T -- Greiner, J V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 26;215(4540):1622-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7071581" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenine Nucleotides/metabolism ; Animals ; Carbohydrate Metabolism ; Cats ; Choline/metabolism ; Dogs ; Humans ; Lens, Crystalline/*metabolism ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Phosphocreatine/metabolism ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Species Specificity
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  • 30
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    Sleep-promoting factor isolated (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-06-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maugh, T H 2nd -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 25;216(4553):1400.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6124035" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine/*analogs & derivatives ; Alanine/analysis ; Animals ; Cats ; Diaminopimelic Acid/analysis ; Glutamates/analysis ; Glutamic Acid ; Glycopeptides/*urine ; Humans ; Intestines/microbiology ; Muramic Acids/analysis ; Polysaccharides, Bacterial/analysis ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Sleep/*drug effects
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  • 31
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    Single-neuron labeling in the cat auditory nerve (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-06-11
    Description: Single auditory nerve fibers in the cat were labeled intracellularly with horseradish peroxidase. The sample of fibers was selected to represent different response types over a wide range of characteristic frequencies. All 56 labeled neurons were found to be radial fibers innervating inner hair cells, suggesting that none of the single-unit data reported to date has been from the outer hair cell innervation. Differences in rates of spontaneous discharge and thresholds to tones among these labeled neurons were closely correlated with morphological differences in the caliber and location of their unmyelinated terminals on the body of the inner hair cell.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Liberman, M C -- 2 P01 NS13126/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- 5 P01 NS13126/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 11;216(4551):1239-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7079757" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Auditory Pathways/*cytology ; Cats ; Cochlea/cytology ; Horseradish Peroxidase ; Vestibulocochlear Nerve/*cytology
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  • 32
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    Functional restoration of the traumatically injured spinal cord in cats by clonidine (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-09-10
    Description: The long-term, chronic, paralysis resulting from spinal cord injury in the cat has been reversed by the use of an alpha 2-adrenergic receptor agonist, clonidine. Administration of this drug resulted in "normalization" of sensory-motor and autonomic dysfunctions. Preliminary studies of the clonidine in humans with traumatically injured spinal cord indicate that autonomic dysreflexia can be controlled and spasticity minimized. The data suggest that biochemical and pharmacologic manipulation of receptors may ameliorate paralysis following traumatic injury to the spinal cord as well as to the brain and brainstem.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Naftchi, N E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 10;217(4564):1042-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6126002" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenergic beta-Agonists ; Animals ; Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Cats ; Cell Membrane/physiology ; Clonidine/administration & dosage/*therapeutic use ; Humans ; Muscle Spasticity/drug therapy ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Neurons/physiology ; Receptors, Adrenergic/*physiology ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/*physiology ; Spinal Cord Injuries/*drug therapy
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  • 33
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    Retinogeniculate terminations in cats: morphological differences between X and Y cell axons (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-22
    Description: We injected horseradish peroxidase into single, physiologically identified, optic tract axons of X and Y cells in cats and studied their termination patterns in the lateral geniculate nucleus. All X cell axons innervate lamina A or A1 in narrow zones, and some sparsely innervate the medical interlaminar nucleus. All Y cell axons have broad terminal zones in laminae A and C (from the contralateral retina) or lamina A1 (if ipsilateral), and most innervate the medial interlaminar nucleus densely.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sur, M -- Sherman, S M -- EY 03038/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 22;218(4570):389.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123239" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain Mapping ; Cats ; Functional Laterality ; Geniculate Bodies/cytology ; Horseradish Peroxidase ; Retina/cytology ; Visual Pathways/*cytology
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  • 34
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    Opiates and pain pathways: demonstration of enkephalin synapses on dorsal horn projection neurons (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-03-19
    Description: The participation of the opiate peptide enkephalin in the neural circuitry of the dorsal horn was examined at the light and ultrastructural level through the use of the combined techniques of immunocytochemistry and retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase. Enkephalin immunoreactive axonal endings made direct synaptic contact with the soma and proximal dendrites of dorsal horn thalamic projection neurons. This observation demonstrates that one major synaptic site of enkephalin modulation of the transfer of nociceptive information in the dorsla horn is on the projection neurons themselves.U〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ruda, M A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 19;215(4539):1523-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6121374" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Endorphins/*physiology ; Enkephalins/*physiology ; Horseradish Peroxidase ; Neural Pathways/physiology ; Neurotransmitter Agents/physiology ; Pain/*physiopathology ; Spinal Cord/*physiology ; Thalamus/physiology
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    [Release of gamma-aminobutyric acid from cat colon] (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-09-10
    Description: The release of gamma-aminobutyric acid was confirmed in isolated cat colon loaded with tritiated gamma-aminobutyric acid. Thirty to 180 minutes after loading the spontaneous efflux of tritium appeared to fit a single exponential curve with an efflux rate coefficient of 0.002 per minute. Electrical stimulation produced frequency-dependent increases in the tritium efflux and in the contractions. Even 120 minutes later over 91 percent of the total radioactivity in the superfusates was attributable to tritiated gamma-aminobutyric acid. The acid release and the contractions induced by electrical transmural stimulation were inhibited by tetrodotoxin and by a calcium-free medium. Release of the acid was not significant during contractions elicited by nicotine and acetylcholine. These findings indicate that gamma-aminobutyric acid is released from the terminals of neurons in the myenteric plexus of the colon.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Taniyama, K -- Kusunoki, M -- Saito, N -- Tanaka, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 10;217(4564):1038-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7112110" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholine/pharmacology ; Animals ; Calcium/physiology ; Cations, Divalent/pharmacology ; Cats ; Colon/innervation/*metabolism ; Electric Stimulation ; Female ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Muscle Contraction ; Muscle, Smooth ; Nicotine/pharmacology ; Tetrodotoxin/pharmacology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/*metabolism
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    Loss of retinal X-cells in cats with neonatal or adult visual cortex damage (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-02
    Description: Recordings were made from single retinal ganglion cell somas in cats whose visual cortical areas 17 and 18 were damaged on the day of birth or in adulthood. Neonatal lesions produced a 78 percent loss of X-cells in the retina, while lesions made in adulthood produced a 22 percent loss. Y-cells and W-cells were unaffected. This retinal abnormality needs to be considered when interpreting studies of behavioral deficits and neural mechanisms of recovery after damage to the visual cortex.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tong, L -- Spear, P D -- Kalil, R E -- Callahan, E C -- EY01916/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY02545/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY05256/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 2;217(4554):72-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089543" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Cats ; Electric Stimulation ; Neurons/physiology ; Optic Chiasm/physiology/physiopathology ; Retina/cytology/*pathology/*physiopathology ; Visual Cortex/growth & development/*injuries/physiology
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    A new laser scanning system for measuring action potential propagation in the heart (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-10-23
    Description: A rapid laser scanning system was developed to map the spread of excitation in amphibian and mammalian hearts stained with fluorescent dye. Isochronic maps of conduction were constructed by timing the upstroke of the optical action potential; 128 sites could be scanned in 4 milliseconds. The accuracy of this technique was verified by recording simultaneously from 16 unipolar electrodes placed in different areas of the heart. Conducted action potentials in normal frog heart propagated at 0.1 meter per second. Propagation of action potentials was also monitored in ischemic cat heart, in which both driven and arrhythmic action potential upstrokes could be tracked. The results suggest that this system is capable of scanning the normal and abnormal spread of electrical activity in the heart.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dillon, S -- Morad, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Oct 23;214(4519):453-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6974891" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Action Potentials ; Animals ; *Benzenesulfonates ; Cats ; Coronary Disease/physiopathology ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Guinea Pigs ; Heart/*physiology ; *Lasers ; Rabbits ; Rana catesbeiana ; Spectrometry, Fluorescence/methods
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    Merkel cell receptors: structure and transducer function (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-10-09
    Description: An electron microscopic and electrophysiological investigation was made of Merkel cell-neurite complexes in the sinus hair follicles of the cat. These mechanoreceptors respond with very precise phase locking to heavy-frequency vibratory stimuli as well as to static hair displacements. The mechanoelectric transduction process is faster than that known for any other somatic mechanoreceptor. These data show that the nerve endings themselves and not the Merkel cells are the mechanoelectric transducer elements in these receptors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gottschaldt, K M -- Vahle-Hinz, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Oct 9;214(4517):183-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7280690" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Cats ; Cytoplasmic Granules/ultrastructure ; Evoked Potentials ; Mechanoreceptors/*cytology/physiology ; Microscopy, Electron ; Skin/*innervation/ultrastructure ; Time Factors
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    Retinal ganglion cell classes in the Old World monkey: morphology and central projections (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-09-04
    Description: Labeled ganglion cells were studied in whole-mount retinas of Old World monkeys after electrophoretic injections of horseradish peroxidase into physiologically characterized sites. A number of different morphological classes have been identified, each of which has a distinctive pattern of central projection. Since different functional classes of primate retinal ganglion cells also have distinctive patterns of central projection, correspondences between functional and morphological cell types have been inferred. There prove to be parallels between morphological types of cat monkey ganglion cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Leventhal, A G -- Rodieck, R W -- Dreher, B -- EY-02923/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY-03427/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY-05212/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Sep 4;213(4512):1139-42.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7268423" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Geniculate Bodies/cytology ; Horseradish Peroxidase ; Macaca/*anatomy & histology ; Macaca fascicularis/*anatomy & histology ; Neurons/cytology ; Retina/*cytology ; Superior Colliculi/cytology ; Visual Pathways/*cytology
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    Chemical modification of carotid body chemoreception by sulfhydryls (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-05-29
    Description: Sulfhydryl reagents cause striking augmentation of the chemoreceptor responses of the carotid body to hypoxia. This indicates that a cellular plasma membrane protein with a reactive sulfhydryl group is a constituent part of the chemoreceptor architecture and provides a means of identification, localization, and isolation of the protein.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lahiri, S -- HL-19737/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 29;212(4498):1065-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6262913" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 4-Chloromercuribenzenesulfonate/pharmacology ; Animals ; Carotid Body/drug effects/*physiology ; Cats ; Cell Membrane/physiology ; Chemoreceptor Cells/drug effects/*physiology ; Ethylmaleimide/pharmacology ; Sulfhydryl Compounds/*pharmacology
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    Functional restoration of vision in the cat after long-term monocular deprivation (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-09-04
    Description: Recovery of visual acuity was studied in six long-term monocularly deprived cats after removal of the nondeprived eye or reverse lid suture. Although both manipulations improved visual acuity, removal of the nondeprived eye was associated with more rapid recovery and higher find acuity than in reverse suture. These results are in agreement with the known electrophysiological effects of these recovery conditions and are also similar to the effects of reverse occlusion or loss of the nonamblyopic eye in human amblyopes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, D C -- EYO 7005/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Sep 4;213(4512):1137-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7268422" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Amblyopia/physiopathology ; Animals ; Cats ; Disease Models, Animal ; Form Perception/physiology ; Visual Acuity ; Visual Cortex/growth & development/*physiology ; Visual Perception/*physiology
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    Intrinsic birefringence signal preceding the onset of contraction in heart muscle (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-08-07
    Description: An intrinsic birefringence signal with two components occurring before sarcomere shortening was measured in mammalian cardiac muscle. The second component was sensitive to the inotropic state of the muscle as affected by external calcium concentration and epinephrine but not by changes of resting length. The second component was absent in frog heart. These results suggest that the second component of the birefringence signal reflects the activity of the sarcoplasmic reticulum related to excitation-contraction coupling processes occurring prior to onset of contraction in mammalian cardiac muscle.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weiss, R -- Morad, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 7;213(4508):663-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7256266" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Birefringence ; Calcium/*physiology ; Cats ; Guinea Pigs ; Heart/*physiology ; Intracellular Membranes/physiology ; *Myocardial Contraction ; Rats ; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum/*physiology ; Time Factors
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    Endogenous late positive component of the evoked potential in cats corresponding to P300 in humans (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-02-06
    Description: A long-latency component of the averaged evoked potential recorded from cats was present only when the evoking stimulus was relevant to the task. The amplitude of this component varied inversely with stimulus probability and was independent of stimulus modality.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wilder, M B -- Farley, G R -- Starr, A -- NS 11876-06/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Feb 6;211(4482):605-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7455702" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Avoidance Learning/physiology ; Brain/*physiology ; Cats ; Conditioning, Classical ; *Evoked Potentials ; Habituation, Psychophysiologic ; *Perception/physiology
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    Hindbrain GABA receptors influence parasympathetic outflow to the stomach (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-10-09
    Description: Blockade of gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor function by direct microinjection of bicuculline into the nucleus ambiguous in cats produced a marked increase in gastric motility which was mediated by the vagus nerve. This effect was reversed by muscimol. These data indicate that the nucleus ambiguous may be an important brain site influencing gastric function and that the neurotransmitter controlling parasympathetic overflow from this nucleus to the stomach is gamma-aminobutyric acid.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Williford, D J -- Ormsbee, H S 3rd -- Norman, W -- Harmon, J W -- Garvey, T Q 3rd -- DiMicco, J A -- Gillis, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Oct 9;214(4517):193-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6269182" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bicuculline/pharmacology ; Cats ; Gastrointestinal Motility/drug effects ; Medulla Oblongata/*physiology ; Muscimol/pharmacology ; Muscle Contraction/drug effects ; Muscle, Smooth/physiology ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*physiology ; Receptors, GABA-A ; Receptors, Neurotransmitter/*physiology ; Stomach/*innervation/physiology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/*physiology
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    Release of immunoreactive serotonin into the lumen of the feline gut in response to vagal nerve stimulation (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-09-11
    Description: Immunoreactive serotonin was detected in the lumen of the proximal jejunum of food-deprived cats. During perfusion of this intestinal segment in vivo, there was a constant basal rate of intraluminal secretion of this amine. The rate of secretion was significantly increased during efferent electrical stimulation of the cut cervical vagal nerves. This stimulatory effect was not altered after bilateral adrenalectomy was performed in the same animals. A synchronous release of substance P into the gut lumen was also demonstrated during vagal stimulation. During the period of increased intraluminal secretion of immunoreactive serotonin, there was no demonstrable change in the portal or systemic blood levels of this amine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ahlman, H -- DeMagistris, L -- Zinner, M -- Jaffe, B M -- 5R01AM2652202/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Sep 11;213(4513):1254-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6168020" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenalectomy ; Animals ; Cats ; Chromaffin System/*metabolism ; Electric Stimulation ; Enterochromaffin Cells/*metabolism ; Jejunum/*metabolism ; Radioimmunoassay ; Serotonin/*metabolism ; Substance P/metabolism ; Vagus Nerve/*physiology
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    Opiate antagonist improves neurologic recovery after spinal injury (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-01-30
    Description: The opiate antagonist naloxone has been used to treat cats subjected to cervical spinal trauma. In contrast to saline-treated controls, naloxone treatment significantly improved the hypotension observed after cervical spinal injury. More critically, naloxone therapy significantly improved neurologic recovery. These findings implicate endorphins in the pathophysiology of spinal cord injury and indicate that narcotic antagonists may have a therapeutic role in this condition.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Faden, A I -- Jacobs, T P -- Holaday, J W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 30;211(4481):493-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7455690" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood Pressure/*drug effects ; Cats ; Disease Models, Animal ; Endorphins/antagonists & inhibitors ; Naloxone/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Spinal Cord/blood supply ; Spinal Cord Injuries/*drug therapy/physiopathology
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    Discharge patterns of hindlimb motoneurons during normal cat locomotion (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-07-24
    Description: Long-term recording from single lumbar motoneurons of intact cats revealed activation patterns fundamentally different from those seen in decerebrate preparations. In intact cats, motoneuron bursts showed marked rate modulation without initial doublets. Each unit's frequencygram generally resembled the envelope of the gross electromyogram simultaneously recorded from the corresponding muscle. Average and peak discharge rates increased for faster gaits. These findings suggest that, in cat locomotion, rate modulation is a more important contributor to force regulation than was previously thought.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hoffer, J A -- O'Donovan, M J -- Pratt, C A -- Loeb, G E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 24;213(4506):466-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244644" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Axons/physiology ; Cats ; Electric Stimulation ; Hindlimb/innervation ; *Locomotion ; Microelectrodes ; Motor Neurons/*physiology
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    Electroretinographic responses to alternating gratings before and after section of the optic nerve (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-02-27
    Description: Electroretinographic (ERG) responses to sinusoidal gratings reversed in contrast (pattern-reversal ERG) were recorded from both eyes of cats before and after unilateral section of the optic nerve. In the eye ipsilateral to the section, the pattern-reversal ERG remained unaltered for a few days after the section, the progressively decreased in amplitude, first at low and then at high spatial frequencies, to disappear completely about 4 months after the section, when ganglion cell degeneration was practically complete. The flash ERG remained unaltered. No alteration was observed in the contralateral eye.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mafei, L -- Fiorentini, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Feb 27;211(4485):953-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7466369" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Electroretinography ; Form Perception/*physiology ; Nerve Degeneration ; Neurons/*physiology ; Optic Nerve/physiology ; Pattern Recognition, Visual/*physiology ; Retina/*cytology/physiology
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    Pituitary gastrins occur in corticotrophs and melanotrophs (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-08-14
    Description: The gut hormone gastrin was identified in pituitary cells containing adrenocorticotropic hormone and alpha-melanocyte--stimulating hormone by region-specific immunocytochemistry and radioimmunoassay. Smaller amounts of gastrin were found in nerve fibers of the neural lobe and pituitary stalk. Since adrenocorticotropic hormone--like peptides occur in antropyloric gastrin cells, these data indicate a considerable similarity in peptide composition of pituitary and gastrointestinal endocrine cells and reinforces questions of multiple hormone production.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Larsson, L I -- Rehfeld, J F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 14;213(4509):768-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6266012" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cats ; Gastrins/genetics/*metabolism ; Histocytochemistry ; Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormones/metabolism ; Pituitary Gland/cytology/*metabolism ; Radioimmunoassay ; Swine
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  • 50
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    Perivascular meningeal projections from cat trigeminal ganglia: possible pathway for vascular headaches in man (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-07-10
    Description: Peroxidase-containing cell bodies were found in the ipsilateral trigeminal ganglia after horseradish peroxidase was applied to the proximal segment of the middle cerebral artery in seven cats. Cell bodies containing the enzyme marker were located among clusters of cells that project via the first division. The existence of sensory pathways surrounding large cerebral arteries provides an important neuroanatomical explanation for the hemicranial distribution of headaches associated with certain strokes and migraine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mayberg, M -- Langer, R S -- Zervas, N T -- Moskowitz, M A -- GM 26698/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HL 22573/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- NS 15201/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 10;213(4504):228-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6166046" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Afferent Pathways/*anatomy & histology ; Animals ; Axonal Transport ; Cats ; Cluster Headache/*physiopathology ; Horseradish Peroxidase ; Humans ; Meninges/*anatomy & histology/physiology ; Trigeminal Ganglion/*anatomy & histology/physiology ; Trigeminal Nerve/*anatomy & histology ; Vascular Headaches/*physiopathology
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    Spatial frequency columns in primary visual cortex (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-11-13
    Description: Using the activity-dependent 2-[14C]deoxy-D-glucose technique, we have demonstrated a columnar organization of spatial frequency--specific sensitivity in striate cortex. Cats viewing patterns containing a single spatial frequency presented at all orientations show columns of increased deoxyglucose uptake extending through all cortical layers. A control stimulus containing all spatial frequencies presented at all orientations produces no columnar density differences within the striate cortex.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tootell, R B -- Silverman, M S -- De Valois, R L -- BNS78-06171/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- EY0014-12/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 13;214(4522):813-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7292014" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autoradiography ; Brain Mapping ; Cats ; Deoxyglucose ; Orientation/physiology ; Space Perception/physiology ; Visual Cortex/*cytology/physiology ; Visual Perception/*physiology
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    Exercise hyperpnea and locomotion: parallel activation from the hypothalamus (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-02-20
    Description: Unanesthetized decorticate cats walked or ran normally on a treadmill either spontaneously or during electrical stimulation of the subthalamic "locomotor" region. The respiratory response usually preceded the locomotor response and increased in proportion to locomotor activity despite control or ablation of respiratory feedback mechanisms. Respiration increased similarly in paralyzed animals during fictive locomotion despite the absence of muscular contraction or movement. Hypothalamic command signals are thus primarily responsible for the proportional driving of locomotion and respiration during exercise.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Eldridge, F L -- Millhorn, D E -- Waldrop, T G -- HL-17106/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL-17689/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- NS-11132/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Feb 20;211(4484):844-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7466362" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood Pressure ; Cats ; Decerebrate State ; Feedback ; Hypothalamus/*physiology ; *Locomotion ; *Physical Exertion ; *Respiration
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    Growth and reshaping of axons in the establishment of visual callosal connections (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-05-15
    Description: The visual cortical areas in the two hemispheres are interconnected by axons running through the corpus callosum. In adult cats, these axons originate from, and terminate in, tangentially restricted portions of each area. In young kittens, however, callosal axons originate from the entire extent of each area, although they apparently enter the gray matter only in the restricted regions where they will also be found in adults. In kittens, but not in adults, callosal axons also reach other regions, but there they appear to be confined to the lowest part of layer VI. During the first two postnatal months, the callosal efferent zones become progressively restricted to their adult locations. During this process, many neurons eliminate the axons (or axon collaterals) that they had formerly sent through the corpus callosum and form permanent connection ipsilaterally.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Innocenti, G M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 15;212(4496):824-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7221566" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Animals ; Axons/cytology ; Cats ; Corpus Callosum/cytology/*growth & development ; Visual Pathways/*growth & development
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    Vasopressin exhibits a rhythmic daily pattern in cerebrospinal fluid but not in blood (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-09-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Reppert, S M -- Artman, H G -- Swaminathan, S -- Fisher, D A -- HD 06335/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD 14427/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Sep 11;213(4513):1256-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7268432" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arginine Vasopressin/blood/*cerebrospinal fluid ; Biological Clocks ; Cats ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Hypothalamus/secretion ; Memory/physiology ; Radioimmunoassay ; Supraoptic Nucleus/metabolism
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    Germplasm conservation (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-12-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Russell, E S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 4;214(4525):1074, 1076.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6946561" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dogs ; *Genetic Engineering ; *Genetics, Medical ; Humans ; Mice ; Mutation ; Rats
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    Ethanol specifically potentiates GABA-mediated neurotransmission in feline cerebral cortex (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-08-08
    Description: Ethanol (ethyl alcohol) potentiates the inhibition of cortical neurons by gamma-aminobutyric acid. This effect is specific, since ethanol does not potentiate inhibiton by glycine, serotonin, or dopamine. These results have implications for alcoholism because (i) gamma-aminobutyric acid mediates anxiolytic mechanisms, and (ii) anxiety is implicated in the etiology of alcoholism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nestoros, J N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 8;209(4457):708-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7394531" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Cerebral Cortex/drug effects/*physiology ; Drug Synergism ; Electric Conductivity ; Electric Stimulation ; Ethanol/*pharmacology ; Female ; Male ; Neurons/drug effects/*physiology ; Serotonin/pharmacology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/*pharmacology
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    Binocularity in the cat visual cortex is reduced by sectioning the corpus callosum (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-03-07
    Description: In the normal cat, most cells in area 17 can be binocularly driven. Sectioning the corpus callosum results in a significant reduction in binocularly driven cells. Normal binocular vision is thus dependent on the corpus callosum.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Payne, B R -- Elberger, A J -- Berman, N -- Murphy, E H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 7;207(4435):1097-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7355278" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Corpus Callosum/*physiology/surgery ; Functional Laterality ; Time Factors ; Visual Fields ; Visual Pathways/physiology ; Visual Perception/*physiology
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    Unequal alternating monocular deprivation causes asymmetric visual fields in cats (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-04-25
    Description: Kittens were reared so that each eye received normal patterned vision on alternate days. If the eyes received equal periods of stimulation, the visual fields were normal. If one eye received much more experience than the other, the field of the less experienced eye was restricted to the temporal hemifield. This change, which differs from that observed when one or both eyes are deprived continuously of patterned input, suggests that an imbalance in the duration of stimulation can influence the outcome of the normal competitive interaction between pathways from the two eyes and can cause a selective suppression of a portion of the input from the less experienced eye. This suppression may involve the ipsilateral retino-geniculo-cortical pathways or it may involve the entire cortical pathway from the less experienced eye, leaving the colliculus to control responses to visual targets.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tumosa, N -- Tieman, S B -- Hirsch, H V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 25;208(4442):421-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7367872" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Functional Laterality ; Orientation/physiology ; Superior Colliculi/physiology ; Visual Cortex/physiology ; *Visual Fields ; Visual Pathways/*growth & development ; Visual Perception/*physiology
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    Visual cortical neurons: are bars or gratings the optimal stimuli? (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-01-04
    Description: Neurons in the visual cortex of monkeys and cats have been characterized as either (i) bar and edge detectors or (ii) cells selective for certain spatial frequencies. To assess which of these functional descriptions is more accurate, we measured (i) the selectivity and (ii) the responsivity-sensitivity of these neurons to bars of various widths and gratings of various spatial frequencies. All of the cells recorded from were considerably more selective along the dimension of spatial frequency than along the dimension of bar width. Further, most were more responsive and sensitive to the grating of optimal frequency than to the bar of optimal width.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Albrecht, D G -- De Valois, R L -- Thorell, L G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jan 4;207(4426):88-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6765993" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Evoked Potentials ; Form Perception/physiology ; Haplorhini ; Visual Cortex/cytology/*physiology ; Visual Perception/*physiology
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    Bronchodilatation: noncholinergic, nonadrenergic mediation demonstrated in vivo in the cat (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-02-15
    Description: The composite vagus nerve was stimulated during intravenous infusion of 5-hydroxytryptamine in cats subjected to pharmacologic autonomic blockade with atropine, propranolol, and phentolamine. Bronchial caliber, as assessed by changes in pulmonary resistance, demonstrated a marked dilatation, and dilatation could still be demonstrated after preliminary treatment with reserpine. By stimulating the component branches of the vagus nerve, it was determined that the parasympathetic branch is responsible for this phenomenon.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Irvin, C G -- Boileau, R -- Tremblay, J -- Martin, R R -- Macklem, P T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 15;207(4432):791-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7352292" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Airway Resistance/drug effects ; Animals ; Bronchi/*innervation ; Cats ; Electric Stimulation ; Parasympatholytics/*pharmacology ; Sympatholytics/*pharmacology ; Vagus Nerve/*physiology
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    Cerebral arteriolar damage by arachidonic acid and prostaglandin G2 (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-09-12
    Description: Application of arachidonic acid or prostaglandin G(2) to the brain surface of anesthetized cats induced cerebral arteriolar damage. Scavengers of free oxygen radicals inhibited this damage. Prostaglandin H(2), prostaglandin E(2), and 11,14,17-eicosatrienoic acid did not produce arteriolar damage. It appears that increased prostaglandin synthesis produces cerebral vascular damage by generating free oxygen radicals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kontos, H A -- Wei, E P -- Povlishock, J T -- Dietrich, W D -- Magiera, C J -- Ellis, E F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 12;209(4462):1242-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7403881" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arachidonic Acids/*pharmacology ; Arterioles/drug effects/pathology ; Cats ; Cerebral Arteries/*drug effects/pathology ; Endothelium/drug effects/pathology ; Hypertension/*pathology ; Prostaglandin Endoperoxides/*pharmacology ; Prostaglandins E/pharmacology ; Prostaglandins G/*pharmacology ; Prostaglandins H/pharmacology ; Vasodilation/drug effects
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    Superior colliculus: control of eye movements in neonatal kittens (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-10-03
    Description: Activation of the neonatal cat superior colliculus can produce organized eye movements before visual stimuli are capable of activating visual neurons in the colliculus. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that eye movement development precedes, and is necessary for, visuomotor integration.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stein, B E -- Clamann, H P -- Goldberg, S J -- EY 01442/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- MS 11677/PHS HHS/ -- NS/MH 15912/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 3;210(4465):78-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7414323" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn/*physiology ; Cats ; Electric Stimulation ; Electrodes, Implanted ; *Eye Movements ; Photic Stimulation ; Superior Colliculi/*physiology
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    Toward a functional architecture of the retina: serial reconstruction of adjacent ganglion cells (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-01-18
    Description: Twenty adjacent ganglion cells in cat retina were partially reconstructed from electron micrographs of serial thin sections. Cells were classified by size and by dendritic branching patterns as alpha, beta, or gamma cells. The alpha and beta cells were further subdivided by differences in the laminar distribution of their dendrites in the inner plexiform layer. The distribution of synaptic contacts on the cells was distinctive for each of the five major classes. Contacts on the alpha and beta cells were mainly on the dendrites in the sublamina in which a cell's major dendritic arborization was contained.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stevens, J K -- McGuire, B A -- Sterling, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jan 18;207(4428):317-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7350663" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Dendrites/ultrastructure ; Ganglia/cytology ; Intercellular Junctions/ultrastructure ; Microscopy, Electron ; Retina/*cytology ; Synapses/ultrastructure
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    Niemann-Pick disease: a genetic model in Siamese cats (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-06-27
    Description: Three Siamese cats were found to have a progressive neurological disease that became obvious when they were 4 to 5 months of age. Their brains contained an excess of GM2 and GM3 gangliosides, and their livers a nine- to tenfold excess of sphingomyelin and cholesterol. A total deficiency of lysosomal (pH 5.0) sphingomyelinase was found in the leukocytes, liver, and brain of the cats, although the activity of the microsomal (pH 7.4, magnesium-dependent) sphingomyelinase was normal in brain. These cats appear to have a genetic disease identical to Niemann-Pick disease type A.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wenger, D A -- Sattler, M -- Kudoh, T -- Snyder, S P -- Kingston, R S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jun 27;208(4451):1471-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7189903" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/enzymology ; Brain Chemistry ; Cat Diseases/enzymology/*genetics ; Cats ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Gangliosides/analysis ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Liver/analysis ; Niemann-Pick Diseases/enzymology/*genetics ; Phospholipids/analysis ; Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase/analysis
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    Cerebral regional oxygen consumption and supply in anesthetized cat (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-07-25
    Description: The study involved quantitative measurement of arterial and venous oxygen saturation, oxygen extraction, blood flow, and oxygen consumption in specific areas of the brain. No regional differences in oxygen consumption were found in anesthetized cat brain, and the amount of oxygen available to all regions studied was more than 2.5 times the consumption throughout the brain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Buckweitz, E -- Sinha, A K -- Weiss, H R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 25;209(4455):499-501.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7394515" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anesthesia, General ; Animals ; Brain/blood supply/drug effects/*metabolism ; Cats ; Chloralose/*pharmacology ; Female ; Male ; Oxygen/*blood ; Oxygen Consumption/*drug effects ; Regional Blood Flow ; Tissue Distribution
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    Electromyograms are repeatable: precautions and limitations (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-11-14
    Description: Electromyograms recorded by bipolar, fine wire electrodes placed into anatomically equivalent sites in skeletal muscles of vertebrates are repeatable when the animals use the muscles in a similar way. Repeatability applies to the number of spikes recorded from a given site and to their average amplitude as well as to the root-mean-square value, though the values obtained for these descriptors differ among muscles, and perhaps fascicles, of particular animals even when the animals are performing equivalent actions. Tests suggest that these results are not affected by the nature of most kinds of recording equipment. Also, substantial differences in electrode tip configuration and wire diameter induce relatively minor, less than 8 percent, differences in electrode resistance and impedance. Doubling the length of the fine wire leads produces less than an 8 percent (15 percent when the length is tripled) effect; however, the effect of electrode material may be as much as 85 percent in resistance and 20 percent in impedance. Reports of nonreproducibility or variability of electromyograms apparently result mainly from anatomically inexact placement into physiologically and histochemically different fascicles of compound muscles, from recordings of muscles that are active at very low levels, and perhaps from comparison among recordings of muscles that really differ in their activity level.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gans, C -- Gorniak, G C -- DHEW-PHS-G 1R01DE052112-01/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 14;210(4471):795-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7433997" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Cats ; Electrodes ; Electromyography/instrumentation/*methods ; Mastication ; Temporal Muscle/physiology
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    Leucine enkephalin: localization in and axoplasmic transport by sacral parasympathetic preganglionic neurons (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-06-27
    Description: Nerve processes and cell bodies containing leucine enkephalin were demonstrated in the sacral autonomic nucleus of the cat by immunocytochemical methods. Enkephalinergic preganglionic perikarya were seen only when axonal transport was blocked either by colchicine or by ventral root ligation. Ligation of the sacral ventral roots also produced damming of enkephalin immunoreactivity proximal to the S2 ligature. These data indicate that parasympathetic preganglionic neurons synthesize and transport enkephalin or enkephalin-like immunoreactive compounds to the periphery.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Glazer, E J -- Basbaum, A I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jun 27;208(4451):1479-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6155697" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Axonal Transport ; Cats ; Enkephalin, Leucine ; Enkephalins/analysis/metabolism ; Histocytochemistry ; Immunoassay ; Neurons/*analysis ; Spinal Cord/analysis/*metabolism
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    Abolition of optokinetic nystagmus in the cat (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-10-03
    Description: Combining a behavioral and a surgical manipulation, namely complete visual deprivation with surgical section of the optic chiasm, results in the abolition of optokinetic nystagmus in the cat. This basic optomotor reflex remains relatively unaffected by either of these manipulations performed singly.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Harris, L R -- Lepore, F -- Guillemot, J P -- EY02248/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 3;210(4465):91-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7414325" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; *Eye Movements ; Optic Chiasm/*physiology/surgery ; Sensory Deprivation/physiology ; Visual Pathways/physiology
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  • 69
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    Pituitary-brain vascular relations: a new paradigm (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-04-06
    Description: Vascular casts of the pituitary gland have demonstrated a paucity of veins extending from the adenohypophysis to the systemic circulation and have suggested that some adenohypophyseal venous blood returns to the neurohypophysis. The neurohypophyseal capillary bed may function as a vascular switch and in this article a series of 14 questions are proposed regarding the vascular dynamics of the pituitary. Together these questions raise the larger question, namely, whether pituitary hormones are transported directly to the brain to modify brain function?〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bergland, R M -- Page, R B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 6;204(4388):18-24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/373118" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arteriovenous Anastomosis/anatomy & histology ; Capillaries/anatomy & histology ; Cats ; *Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Dogs ; Humans ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/blood supply ; Pituitary Gland/*blood supply ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/blood supply ; Rats ; Species Specificity
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 70
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    Visual resolution and receptive field size: examination of two kinds of cat retinal ganglion cell (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-07
    Description: Intraocular recordings from brisk-sustained and brisk-transient ganglion cells in the cat's retina revealed a systematic increase in center size and decrease in spatial cut-off frequency with increasing distance from the area centralis. At any one eccentricity sizes of the centers of sustained and transient cells did not overlap, and the variation in cut-off frequency for each class was constrained to about one-half octave.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cleland, B G -- Harding, T H -- Tulunay-Keesey, U -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):1015-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472720" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Evoked Potentials ; Ganglia/physiology ; Retina/cytology/*physiology ; Vision, Ocular/*physiology ; *Visual Fields
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  • 71
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    Structure of physiologically identified X and Y cells in the cat's lateral geniculate nucleus (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-06-08
    Description: Horseradish peroxidase injected into 18 single, physiologically identified geniculate X and Y cells permitted a detailed morphological correlate to be determined for the physiological properties of each neuron. Class 1 morphological characteristics were associated with Y cells, class 3 with X cells, and class 2 structural traits were seen in both physiological types.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Friedlander, M J -- Lin, C S -- Sherman, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 8;204(4397):1114-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451559" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Geniculate Bodies/*cytology/physiology ; Horseradish Peroxidase ; Interneurons/cytology
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  • 72
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    Cortical plasticity in monocularly deprived immobilized kittens depends on eye movement (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-30
    Description: A marked reduction of binocular cells in striate cortex is found if 4-week-old kittens are visually stimulated monocularly while anesthetized and held in a stereotaxic apparatus. If the kittens are paralyzed and artificially respirated, changes are not found unless an eye is moved mechanically. It appears that eye movement and visual stimulation are necessary conditions for deactivation of binocular connections, but neither is sufficient to induce such changes alone.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Freeman, R D -- Bonds, A B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 30;206(4422):1093-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493996" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Evoked Potentials ; *Eye Movements ; Functional Laterality ; Immobilization ; Paralysis/physiopathology ; Visual Cortex/*growth & development/physiology ; Visual Pathways/*growth & development
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  • 73
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    Muscle fiber regeneration after transplantation: prediction of structure and physiology from electromyograms (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-06-08
    Description: Digitized electromyographic activity of transplanted extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles in cats differs from that of control EDL and anterior tibialis muscles lying adjacent to transplanted EDL muscles. In autotransplanted muscles, the cross-sectional area of the fibers shows a negative correlation with mean spike frequency and a positive correlation with mean amplitude. The mean frequency-amplitude products correlate with isometric tetanic tensions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gorniak, G C -- Gans, C -- Faulkner, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 8;204(4397):1085-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451552" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Cats ; Electrodes ; Electromyography/methods ; Muscles/cytology/physiology/*transplantation ; *Regeneration ; Transplantation, Autologous
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  • 74
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    Alteration of cortical orientation selectivity: importance of asymmetric input (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-06-08
    Description: Rearing cats so that each of the two eyes sees stripes of a different orientation alters the orientation preference of visual cortex cells. This result can be obtained by rearing the cats in striped cylinders or with goggles attached to their faces, but a tighter control of orientation preference is achieved by the goggles.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gordon, B -- Presson, J -- Packwood, J -- Scheer, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 8;204(4397):1109-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451557" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Functional Laterality ; Orientation/*physiology ; Visual Cortex/cytology/*growth & development/physiology ; Visual Perception/*physiology
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  • 75
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    Tissue perfusion rate determined from the decay of oxygen-15 activity after photon activation in situ (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-06-15
    Description: Rates of cerebral perfusion were obtained from measurements of the disappearance (wash-out) of oxygen-15 after in situ tissue activation with 45-million-volt x-rays. In an anesthetized cat, typical values were 90 milliliters per minute per 100 grams of tissue, with 55 percent wash-out. In a specific radiotherapy patient, the value was 65 milliliters per minute per 100 grams of tissue, with 63 percent wash-out of oxygen-15 through incorporation into tissue water.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hughes, W L -- Nussbaum, G H -- Connolly, R -- Emami, B -- Reilly, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 15;204(4398):1215-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451567" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/*blood supply ; Cats ; Humans ; Neoplasms/blood supply ; Oxygen/*blood/radiation effects ; Oxygen Radioisotopes ; *Regional Blood Flow ; X-Rays
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  • 76
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    Lateral geniculate nucleus in dark-reared cats: loss of Y cells without changes in cell size (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-03-30
    Description: In cats reared in the dark from birth until 4 months of age, the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus contained few normal Y cells in either the binocular or monocular segments. Although most of the neurons appeared to be normal X cells unaffected by light deprivation, many cells with abnormal receptive field and response charcteristics were encountered. These effects were permanent, since 1 to 2 years of normal visual experience following initial light deprivation did not lead to any functional recovery. The sizes of cell bodies in cats reared in the dark were similar to those of normal animals, an indication that changes in geniculate cell physiology need not be related to changes in cell size.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kratz, K E -- Sherman, S M -- Kalil, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Mar 30;203(4387):1353-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/424758" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Darkness ; Functional Laterality ; Geniculate Bodies/*cytology/growth & development ; *Vision, Ocular ; Visual Pathways/cytology/*growth & development
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  • 77
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    Reversal potential for noradrenaline-induced hyperpolarization of spinal motoneurons (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-07-27
    Description: By using two separate electrodes with tips inside a single feline motoneuron, current-voltage characteristics were studied during extracellular iontophoresis of noradrenaline. The usually observed hyperpolarization was accompanied by an increase in membrane resistance and became larger with polarizing and smaller with depolarizing currents. During large depolarizing current injections, the noradrenaline-induced potential reversed its direction, usually at a membrane potential of about -20 millivolts. These data are compatible with the concept that noradrenaline hyperpolarizes nerve cells by decreasing resting membrane conductances to sodium and potassium ions. The observation could also be explained by a nonspecific decrease in ion permeability that is associated with a hyperpolarization due to sodium pump activation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, K C -- Engberg, I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jul 27;205(4404):422-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451613" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Membrane Potentials/drug effects ; Neurons/drug effects/*physiology ; Norepinephrine/*pharmacology ; Potassium/metabolism ; Sodium/metabolism ; Spinal Cord/drug effects/*physiology
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  • 78
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    Functional organization of lateral geniculate cells following removal of visual cortex in the newborn kitten (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-09
    Description: When the visual cortex of a newborn kitten is removed, most neurons in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus degenerate, but a small population of large cells is spared. Electrophysiological recording revealed that detailed visual topography in the nucleus is abnormal and that single cells have unusually large receptive fields. These results suggest that optic axons deprived of their normal synaptic targets rearrange their connections to converge on local surviving neurons.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Murphy, E H -- Kalil, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 9;206(4419):713-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493978" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn/anatomy & histology ; Cats ; Functional Laterality ; Geniculate Bodies/*cytology ; Nerve Degeneration ; Visual Cortex/*cytology ; Visual Pathways/*cytology/growth & development
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  • 79
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    Response of cat inferior colliculus neurons to binaural beat stimuli: possible mechanisms for sound localization (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-11-02
    Description: The interaural phase sensitivity of neurons was studied through the use of binaural beat stimuli. The response of most cells was phase-locked to the beat frequency, which provides a possible neural correlate to the human sensation of binaural beats. In addition, this stimulus allowed the direction and rate of interaural phase change to be varied. Some neurons in our sample responded selectively to manipulations of these two variables, which suggests a sensitivity to direction or speed of movement.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kuwada, S -- Yin, T C -- Wickesberg, R E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 2;206(4418):586-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493964" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Auditory Perception/*physiology ; Cats ; Evoked Potentials ; Inferior Colliculi/*physiology ; Motion Perception/physiology ; Orientation/*physiology ; Periodicity
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  • 80
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    Beta-adrenergic-sensitive adenylate cyclase in secretory cells of choroid plexus (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-05-25
    Description: Biochemical evidence supporting the sympathetic control of cerebrospinal fluid production has been obtained through identification of a specific beta-adrenergic-sensitive adenylate cyclase in the choroid plexus. The enzyme, which is localized in the secretory epithelium, is activated by low concentrations of isoproterenol and norepinephrine and appears separate from beta-adrenergic-sensitive adenylate cyclase present in cerebral blood vessels.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nathanson, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 May 25;204(4395):843-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/220707" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenylyl Cyclases/*metabolism ; Animals ; Cats ; Cattle ; Cerebrospinal Fluid/metabolism ; Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Choroid Plexus/*enzymology/metabolism ; Dogs ; Enzyme Activation/drug effects ; Epithelium/enzymology ; Isoproterenol/pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Receptors, Adrenergic/*metabolism ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/*metabolism
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  • 81
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    Localization of the neurally mediated arrhythmogenic properties of digitalis (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-04-20
    Description: Available evidence suggests that the propensity of digitalis glycosides to produce cardiac arrhythmias is due in part to their neuroexictatory effects. We have performed experiments in cats which support the existence of a neurogenic component in the etiology of digitalis-induced ventricular arrhythmias. Our data further indicate that the locus of this neural effect lies within an area of the medulla 2 millimeters above to 2 millimeters below the obex. These findings, when considered with the effects of polar cardiac glycosides that do not cross the blood-brain barrier, suggest that the area postrema may be the site of neural activation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Somberg, J C -- Smith, T W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 20;204(4390):321-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/219481" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac/*chemically induced ; Brain Stem/*physiology ; Cats ; Digitalis Glycosides/*pharmacology/toxicity ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Heart/*drug effects/innervation ; Myocardium/*metabolism ; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase/metabolism ; Spinal Cord/physiology ; Vagus Nerve/physiology
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  • 82
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    Plasticity: the mirror of experience (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-01-05
    Description: A simple avoidance training procedure during early development produces massive neural traces in visual and somatic cortices of kittens reared in a normal environment. A preponderance of cells in these areas had response preferences for the stimuli used during training. Furthermore, some of these cells exhibited properties never found in normal animals not receiving such training. It appears that, even in an environment in which many other stimuli are present, some early experiences powerfully affect brain development and the way in which other experiences exert their effect.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Spinelli, D N -- Jensen, F E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jan 5;203(4375):75-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/758683" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Avoidance Learning/physiology ; Cats ; Environment ; Functional Laterality ; Memory/physiology ; Orientation/physiology ; Somatosensory Cortex/*growth & development/physiology ; Visual Cortex/*growth & development/physiology
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  • 83
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    Long-term amphetamine treatment decreases brain serotonin metabolism: implications for theories of schizophrenia (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-09-21
    Description: Long-term amphetamine administration to cats (a mean of 8.75 milligrams per kilogram twice daily for 10 days) produced large decreases (40 to 67 percent in serotonin and its major metabolite, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, in all brain regions examined. This treatment also produced several behaviors that are dependent on depressed central serotonergic neurotransmission, and which normally are elicited exclusively by hallucinogenic drugs. Short-term amphetamine administration (15 mg/kg) did not produce these behaviors and resulted in small decreases in brain serotonin and no change in 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid. These data are discussed in the context of monoamine theories of schizophrenia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Trulson, M E -- Jacobs, B L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 21;205(4412):1295-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/572992" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/drug effects ; Brain/*metabolism ; Brain Chemistry/*drug effects ; Cats ; Dextroamphetamine/*pharmacology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Humans ; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid/metabolism ; Schizophrenia/*physiopathology ; Serotonin/*metabolism ; Time Factors
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  • 84
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    Conditioned inhibition: selective response of single units (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-05-04
    Description: Single cell activity and local field potentials in parastriate cortex of cats and rabbits were studied during a Pavlovian discrimination procedure. Cell activity was selectively modified; conditioned changes occurred in response either to the reinforced stimulus or to the unreinforced one, but not to both. Cells exhibiting conditioned alteration in response to the unreinforced stimulus are thought to participate in specialized circuits mediating conditioned inhibition.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉de Toledo-Morrell, L -- Hoeppner, T J -- Morrell, F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 May 4;204(4392):528-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/432660" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Cats ; Cerebral Cortex/physiology ; Conditioning (Psychology)/*physiology ; Neural Inhibition ; Rabbits ; Reinforcement (Psychology) ; Visual Cortex/*physiology ; Visual Perception/*physiology
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  • 85
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    The central origin of efferent pathways in the carotid sinus nerve of the cat (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-09-07
    Description: The application of horseradish peroxidase to the central cut end of the carotid sinus nerve of the cat produced retrograde labeling of neurons in the ipsilateral medulla in the region of the nucleus ambiguus at anterior-posterior coordinates -8 to -10.5. These data coupled with previous electrophysiological observations suggest that the nucleus ambiguus may be the origin of an efferent inhibitory pathway to the carotid body.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉deGroat, W C -- Nadelhaft, I -- Morgan, C -- Schauble, T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):1017-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472721" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carotid Sinus/cytology/*innervation ; Cats ; Efferent Pathways/cytology ; Glossopharyngeal Nerve/cytology ; Horseradish Peroxidase ; Medulla Oblongata/cytology ; Neural Inhibition
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  • 86
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    GABA receptor control of parasympathetic outflow to heart: characterization and brainstem localization (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-06-08
    Description: Blockade of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor function by direct microinjection of the GABA receptor antagonist bicuculline into the nucleus ambiguus of the brainstem produced a marked, dose-related depression of heart rate and blood pressure which was mediated by the vagus nerve. This effect was not obtained in other regions of the brainstem and was reversed by the GABA receptor agonist muscimol. These data indicate that the nucleus ambiguus may be the site of a GABA receptor-mediated inhibition of vagal outflow.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉DiMicco, J A -- Gale, K -- Hamilton, B -- Gillis, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 8;204(4397):1106-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451556" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bicuculline/pharmacology ; Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Brain Stem/*physiology ; Cats ; Heart/*innervation ; Heart Rate/drug effects ; Isoniazid/pharmacology ; Muscimol/pharmacology ; Receptors, Drug/*physiology ; Vagus Nerve/*physiology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/*physiology
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  • 87
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    Eye movements initiate visual-motor development in the cat (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-06-22
    Description: Visually naive kittens turn their eyes toward visual targets but lack other visual-motor coordinations. Light-reared animals were able to mediate guided behaviors with an immobilized eye, but animals with the eye immobilized before initial exposure to a lighted environment were not. Eye movement is implied to play an essential role in visual-motor development.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hein, A -- Vital-Durand, F -- Salinger, W -- Diamond, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 22;204(4399):1321-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/313076" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Cats ; Darkness ; *Eye Movements ; Functional Laterality ; Locomotion ; *Movement ; Vestibule, Labyrinth/physiology ; Visual Pathways/*growth & development ; Visual Perception/physiology
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  • 88
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    Phase resetting and annihilation of pacemaker activity in cardiac tissue (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-09
    Description: Spontaneous rhythmic activity in isolated cardiac pacemaker cells can be terminated by a brief, subthreshold, depolarizing or hyperpolarizing perturbation of the proper magnitude applied at a specific point in the pacemaker cycle. Evidence is provided in support of a topological theory of the existence of a "singular" point in cardiac oscillators.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jalife, J -- Antzelevitch, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 9;206(4419):695-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493975" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Cats ; Cattle ; Dogs ; Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Heart Conduction System/*physiology ; Membrane Potentials ; *Periodicity ; Purkinje Fibers/*physiology ; Sinoatrial Node/*physiology
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  • 89
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    Choline excites cortical neurons (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-12-14
    Description: In cats under halothane or methoxyflurane, iontophoretic applications of choline are only eight times weaker than applications of acetylcholine in evoking firing of neurons in the sensorimotor region of the cerebral cortex. The action of choline is suppressed by atropine but not by two agents that block choline uptake (hemicholinium-3 and triethylcholine), and is not potentiated by an anticholinesterase (physostigmine). Choline therefore appears to excite cortical neurons by a direct action, which may be a significant component of its beneficial therapeutic effects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Krnjevic, K -- Reinhardt, W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 14;206(4424):1321-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/515735" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholine/pharmacology ; Action Potentials/drug effects ; Animals ; Cats ; Cerebral Cortex/*drug effects ; Choline/*pharmacology ; Drug Synergism ; Evoked Potentials ; Glutamates/pharmacology ; Hemicholinium 3/pharmacology ; Motor Cortex/physiology ; Physostigmine/pharmacology ; Receptors, Muscarinic/drug effects ; Stimulation, Chemical
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  • 90
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    Dissociations between the effects of LSD on behavior and raphe unit activity in freely moving cats (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-08-03
    Description: The hypothesis that the action of hallucinogenic drugs is mediated by a depression of the activity of brain serotonergic (raphe) neurons was tested by examining the behavioral effects of d-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) while studying the activity of raphe neurons in freely moving cats. Although the results provide general support for the hypothesis, there were several important dissociations. (i) Low doses of LSD produced only small decreases in raphe unit activity but significant behavoiral changes; (ii) LSD-induced behavioral changes outlasted the depression of raphe unit activity; and (iii) raphe neurons were at least as responsive to LSD during tolerance as they were in the nontolerant condition.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Trulson, M E -- Jacobs, B L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 3;205(4405):515-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451617" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*drug effects ; Brain Stem/*physiology ; Cats ; Lysergic Acid Diethylamide/*pharmacology ; Neurons/drug effects/*physiology ; Raphe Nuclei/drug effects/*physiology
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  • 91
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    Generation of unidirectionally propagated action potentials in a peripheral nerve by brief stimuli (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-12-14
    Description: Single, unidirectionally propagated action potentials can be elicited in peripheral nerves by electrical stimuli of short duration. Propagation in one direction is blocked anodically by means of a quasi-trapezoidal stimulus wave form and a modified tripolar electrode configuration. Propagation in the other direction proceeds unhindered. This technique may be applicable to collision blocking of motor nerves for neural prostheses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉van den Honert, C -- Mortimer, J T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 14;206(4424):1311-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/515733" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Action Potentials ; Animals ; Cats ; Electric Stimulation ; Electrodes ; Nerve Block/methods ; Peripheral Nerves/*physiology ; Sciatic Nerve/physiology
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  • 92
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    Pontine reticular formation neurons and motor activity (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 13;199(4325):207-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/619453" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Eye Movements ; Humans ; Motor Neurons/*physiology ; Reticular Formation/*physiology
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  • 93
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    Physiological basis of anisometropic amblyopia (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-07-21
    Description: In the visual cortex of kittens that have received their only visual experience while wearing a high-power lens before one eye, most neurons are dominated by input from the normal eye. Moreover, contrast sensitivity and resolving power are lower for stimulation through the originally defocused eye, mimicking psychophysical results from human anisometropic amblyopes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Eggers, H M -- Blakemore, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 21;201(4352):264-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663654" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amblyopia/*physiopathology ; Animals ; Brain Mapping ; Cats ; Disease Models, Animal ; Orientation/physiology ; Refractive Errors/*physiopathology ; Visual Cortex/*physiopathology ; Visual Pathways/physiopathology
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  • 94
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    Evoked response correlate of symbol and significate (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-07-14
    Description: Changing the source and intensity of the auditory signal to six trained cats responding to meaningful auditory stimuli permits exogenous and endogenous processes in the auditory evoked potential to be separated. For short-latency exogenous processes, latency and amplitude depend on the parameters of the physical stimulus. However, the amplitude and shape of longer-latency endogenous processes are essentially independent of the location and intensity of the signal source and seem to be invariant concomitants of the significance of the signal.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Grastyan, E -- John, E R -- Bartlett, F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 14;201(4351):169-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663648" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Auditory Perception/*physiology ; Cats ; Conditioning (Psychology)/physiology ; Discrimination (Psychology)/*physiology ; *Evoked Potentials ; Geniculate Bodies/*physiology ; Memory/physiology
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  • 95
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    Terminal arbors of axons that have formed abnormal connections (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-08-18
    Description: Ther terminal arbors of individual retinogeniculate axons that have been induced to grow into an inappropriate geniculate layer have been revealed for light and electron microscopic study by being filled with horseradish peroxidase. After a unilateral ocular enucleation in kittens, single axons from the surviving eye show terminal arbors not only within their own geniculate layers but also in the denervated layers. The new, abnormal arbors arise from the terminal segments of arbors that lie within the nondenervated layer and make patterns of synaptic contacts that appear normal.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Robson, J A -- Mason, C A -- Guillery, R W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 18;201(4356):635-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/675248" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Axons/*ultrastructure ; Cats ; Eye/innervation ; Geniculate Bodies/*ultrastructure ; Synapses/*ultrastructure ; Visual Pathways/*ultrastructure
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  • 96
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    Is pump stimulation associated with positive inotropy of the heart? (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-16
    Description: A purified sodium and potassium dependent adenosinetriphosphatase isolated from cat heart was not stimulated by any concentration of ouabain that produced positive inotropy of cat papilliary muscle. Only inhibition of enzyme activity was observed. Concentrations of ouabain used ranged from 3.3 x 10(-10) molar to 5 x 10(-7) molar and produced an increased force of contraction without any evidence of toxicity. The results are inconsistent with a concept that stimulation of sodium pump activity is associated with positive inotropy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Michael, L -- Pitts, B J -- Schwartz, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 16;200(4347):1287-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/149369" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphatases/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Animals ; Biological Transport, Active/drug effects ; Cats ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; In Vitro Techniques ; Myocardial Contraction/*drug effects ; Myocardium/*enzymology ; Ouabain/*pharmacology ; Potassium/metabolism ; Sodium/metabolism
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  • 97
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    Chronic focal epileptiform discharges induced by injection of iron into rat and cat cortex (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-30
    Description: A single injection of 5 or 10 microliters of ferrous or ferric chloride into rat or cat sensorimotor cortex resulted in chronic recurrent focal paroxysmal electroencephalographic discharges as well as behavioral convulsions and electrical seizures. Recurrent focal epileptiform discharge caused by cortical injection of iron salts suggests that the development of human posttraumatic epilepsy may depend, in part, on the neurochemical alterations induced by the principal metallic ions found in whole blood.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Willmore, L J -- Sypert, G W -- Munson, J V -- Hurd, R W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 30;200(4349):1501-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/96527" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Cerebral Cortex/*drug effects/physiopathology ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Electrophysiology ; Epilepsies, Partial/*chemically induced ; Ferric Compounds ; Ferrous Compounds ; *Iron ; Rats ; Seizures/*chemically induced/physiopathology
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  • 98
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    Opiate receptors for behavioral analgesia resemble those related to the depression of spinal nociceptive neurons (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-17
    Description: With naloxone as antagonist, a dose-ratio analysis of the depression by morphine of nociceptive neurons in the spinal cord reveals that this opiate depression of single unit activity has the same pharmacological properties as observed with morphine analgesia. This suggests that the opiate receptor, mediating the observed cellular depression, and those mediating analgesia are presumably the same.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yaksh, T L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 17;199(4334):1231-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/204008" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials/drug effects ; Animals ; Cats ; Decerebrate State ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Morphine/*pharmacology ; Naloxone/*pharmacology ; Nerve Fibers/physiology ; Nociceptors/*drug effects/physiology ; Receptors, Opioid/*physiology ; Spinal Cord/physiology
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  • 99
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    Interaction of critical periods in the visual cortex of kittens (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-02-03
    Description: The critical period for modifying the preferred direction in cat cortical units occurs earlier than that for monocular deprivation. The independence of the effects of these two types of deprivation from each other was tested by rearing six kittens with both reverse suture and reversed directional deprivation. The kittens were placed in a drum rotating in one direction with one eye open at ages 2 1/2 to 5 weeks; the drum rotation was reversed and the other eye opened when they were 5 to 12 weeks old. Recordings were then made in the visual cortex. The results were the sum of the effects of reverse suture and reversal of directional deprivation: most cells were driven by the eye that was open second, and most unidirectional cells preferred the direction to which the animals were exposed first. Consequently, many unidirectional cells preferred the first direction but were driven by the eye open second--a combination that the animal never saw during rearing. There was also an effect of ocular deprivation on directional properties and vice versa: reverse suture reduced the overall percentage of unidirectional cells, just as directional deprivation has been shown to affect the ocular dominance histogram. This result suggests that the same cells may be affected by both forms of deprivation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Daw, N W -- Berman, N E -- Ariel, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 3;199(4328):565-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/622560" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Animals ; Cats ; Cell Differentiation ; Functional Laterality ; Motion Perception/physiology ; *Vision, Ocular ; Visual Cortex/cytology/*growth & development ; Visual Pathways/growth & development ; Visual Perception/physiology
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  • 100
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    Enhancement of conditioned arterial pressure responses in cats after brainstem lesions (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-07-07
    Description: Cats were classically conditioned after the baroreceptor reflexes were abolished by bilateral placement of electrolytic lesions in the nucleus tractus solitarii. The conditioned increases in arterial pressure were more than five times larger than the responses obtained in similarly trained controls. This finding suggests that the baroreceptor reflexes actively inhibit conditioned increases of arterial pressure.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nathan, M A -- Tucker, L W -- Serverini, W H -- Reis, D J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 7;201(4350):71-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663640" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Blood Pressure ; Cats ; Conditioning, Classical/physiology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Hypertension/physiopathology ; Male ; Medulla Oblongata/*physiology ; Pressoreceptors/*physiology ; Reflex/physiology
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