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  • Articles  (17)
  • Geographic information systems  (9)
  • acid deposition
  • mercury
  • nitrogen
  • 1990-1994  (17)
  • Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering  (17)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aboveground nitrogen and phosphorus use by five plantation-grown trees with different leaf longevities (1991)
    Springer
    Biodegradation 14 (1991), S. 167-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9729
    Keywords: leaf longevity ; nitrogen ; nutrient use efficiency ; phosphorus ; requirement ; retranslocation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Aboveground nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) requirement, retranslocation and use efficiency were determined for 28-year-old red oak (Quercus rubra L.), European larch (Larix decidua Miller), white pine (Pinus strobes L.), red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L) Karst.) plantations on a similar soil in southwestern Wisconsin. Annual aboveground N and P requirements (kg/ha/yr) totaled 126 and 13 for red oak, 86 and 9 for European larch, 80 and 9 for white pine, 38 and 6 for red pine, and 81 and 13 for Norway spruce, respectively. Nitrogen and P retranslocation from current foliage ranged from 81 and 72%, respectively, for European larch, whereas red pine retranslocated the smallest amount of N (13%) and Norway spruce retranslocated the smallest amount of P (18%). In three evergreen species, uptake accounted for 72 to 74% of annual N requirement whereas for two deciduous species retranslocation accounted for 76 to 77% of the annual N requirement. Nitrogen and P use (ANPP/uptake) was more efficient in deciduous species than evergreen species. The results from this common garden experiment demonstrate that differences in N and P cycling among species may result from intrinsic characteristics (e.g. leaf longevity) rather than environmental conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00000806
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A ground water nitrogen budget for a headwater swamp in an area of permanent ground water discharge (1991)
    Springer
    Biodegradation 14 (1991), S. 209-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9729
    Keywords: ground water ; hydrology ; nitrogen ; mass balance ; nutrient retention ; swamp
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Ground water inputs and outputs of N were studied for a small ground water discharge swamp situated in a headwater drainage basin in southern Ontario, Canada. Darcy's equation with data for piezometers was used to measure inputs of shallow local ground water at the swamp margin and deep regional ground water beneath the swamp. Ground water flux was also quantified by measuring ground water discharge to the outlet stream draining the swamp in combination with a chemical mixing model to separate shallow and deep ground water components based on chloride differences. Estimates of shallow ground water flux determined by these two approaches agreed closely however, the piezometer data seriously underestimated the deep ground water input to the swamp. An average ground water input-output budget of total N (TN) total organic nitrogen (TON) ammonium (NH4 +-N) and nitrate (NO3 --N) was estimated for stream base flow periods which occurred on an average of 328 days each year during 1986–1990. Approximately 90% of the annual NO3 --N input was contributed by shallow ground water at the swamp margin. Deep ground water represented about 65% of the total ground water input and a similar proportion of TON and NH4 +-N inputs. Annual ground water NO3 --N inputs and outputs were similar whereas NH4 +-N retention was 4 kg ha-1 representing about 68% of annual ground water input. Annual TON inputs in ground water exceeded outputs by 7.7 kg ha (27%). The capacity of the swamp to regulate ground water N fluxes was influenced by the N chemistry of ground water inputs and the hydrologic pathways of transport within the swamp.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00000808
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Feasibility of geographic information systems approach for natural resource management (1990)
    Springer
    Environmental management 14 (1990), S. 73-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Geographic information systems ; Resource management ; Environmental applications
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Geographic information systems (GIS) technology is altering the work environment for planning and decision-making tasks. This article is an account of a resource application that make use of the GIS technology. It provides some cost estimates and reasons for the fairly slow development toward an integrated resource data base for environmental planning and management. It tries to identify some of the constraints of such an integrated data-base approach toward environmental assessment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02394021
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessing landscape dynamics in a protected area (1992)
    Springer
    Environmental management 16 (1992), S. 363-370 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Arizona ; Conservation biology ; Geographic information systems ; Landscape change ; Landscape planning ; Nature preserve ; Riparian area
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract This article describes an approach to assessing spatial and temporal land-use and land-cover changes in and adjacent to protected areas and to the measurement of landscape stability within a protected area. Methods employed include aerial photographic interpretation and GIS technology. Odum's four-compartment ecosystem model provides the conceptual framework for assessing landscape stability. The study area is a selected sample of the Upper San Pedro National Riparian Conservation Area in the high desert grassland of southeastern Arizona. Significant changes were observed in the landscape matrix and riparian ecosystem. However, when these changes were assessed in the context of Odum's model, the change was nonsignificant. Implications of the approach and potential applications in protected area management are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02400075
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Farmer decision making and spatial variables in northern Thailand (1994)
    Springer
    Environmental management 18 (1994), S. 391-399 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Farmer decision making ; Geographic information systems ; Spatial analysis ; Spatial autocorrelation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract This research has two interrelated objectives. The first is to determine the extent to which a relationship exists between farmer characteristics and farming practices in three villages in northern Thailand. The second is to use standard statistical methods for incorporating spatial variables into the analysis and to assess the effects of these variables on farmer decision making. The data base includes information on the location and size of villages, roads, streams, and fields; a digital elevation model with information on elevation, slope, and aspect; and information keyed to individual fields on crops and cropping methods and the ethnicity, income, and religion of farmers. The map data (517 plots) were entered into a computerized geographic information systems (GIS). Results suggest several hypotheses about the relationships between land use and owner characteristics. More significantly, the study concludes that spatial analysis appears to be most useful when the dependent variable is either continuous or ordinal. The outlook is not quite as optimistic when the dependent variable is a nonordinal categorical variable. Before spatial analysis can be applied regularly to social science data, better computational tools need to be developed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02393868
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Decision-tree and rule-induction approach to integration of remotely sensed and GIS data in mapping vegetation in disturbed or hilly environments (1991)
    Springer
    Environmental management 15 (1991), S. 823-831 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Vegetation mapping ; Geographic information systems ; Decision-tree classifiers ; Artificial intelligence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The integration of Landsat TM and environmental GIS data sets using artificial intelligence rule-induction and decision-tree analysis is shown to facilitate the production of vegetation maps with both floristic and structural information. This technique is particularly suited to vegetation mapping in disturbed or hilly environments that are unsuited to either conventional remote sensing methods or GIS modeling using environmental data bases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02394820
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of a GIS-based stream buffer generation model to environmental policy evaluation (1993)
    Springer
    Environmental management 17 (1993), S. 817-827 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Environmental policy evaluation ; Geographic information systems ; GIS ; Riparian environmental buffer ; Decision support
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract In this article a GIS method is presented for riparian environmental buffer generation. It integrates a scientifically tested buffer width delineation model into a GIS framework. Using the generally available data sets, it determines buffer widths in terms of local physical conditions and expected effectiveness. Technical burdens of data management, computation, and result presentation are handled by the GIS. The case study in which the method was used to evaluate the stream buffer regulations in a North Carolina county demonstrates its capability as a decision support tool to facilitate environmental policy formulation and evaluation, and environmental dispute resolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02393902
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Classification and spatial mapping of riparian habitat with applications toward management of streams impacted by nonpoint source pollution (1991)
    Springer
    Environmental management 15 (1991), S. 565-571 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Riparian classification ; Geographic information systems ; Spatial mapping ; Nonpoint source pollution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Management of riparian habitats has been recognized for its importance in reducing instream effects of agricultural nonpoint source pollution. By serving as a buffer, well structured riparian habitats can reduce nonpoint source impacts by filtering surface runoff from field to stream. A system has been developed where key characteristics of riparian habitat, vegetation type, height, width, riparian and shoreline bank slope, and land use are classified as discrete categorical units. This classification system recognizes seven riparian vegetation types, which are determined by dominant plant type. Riparian and shoreline bank slope, in addition to riparian width and height, each consist of five categories. Classification by discrete units allows for ready digitizing of information for production of spatial maps using a geographic information system (GIS). The classification system was tested for field efficiency on Tom Beall Creek watershed, an agriculturally impacted third-order stream in the Clearwater River drainage, Nez Perce County, Idaho, USA. The classification system was simple to use during field applications and provided a good inventory of riparian habitat. After successful field tests, spatial maps were produced for each component using the Professional Map Analysis Package (pMAP), a GIS program. With pMAP, a map describing general riparian habitat condition was produced by combining the maps of components of riparian habitat, and the condition map was integrated with a map of soil erosion potential in order to determine areas along the stream that are susceptible to nonpoint source pollution inputs. Integration of spatial maps of riparian classification and watershed characteristics has great potential as a tool for aiding in making management decisions for mitigating off-site impacts of agricultural nonpoint source pollution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02394745
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The problem of scale in community resource management (1992)
    Springer
    Environmental management 16 (1992), S. 289-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Scale ; Community resource management ; Geographic information systems ; Hierarchy theory
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Scale is a fundamental variable in most community resource management programs. This is true both in terms of scale as a management concept (i.e., local, regional, and national level management) as well as a mapping concept (i.e., units on the map per unit on the ground). Julian Steward, the father of human ecology, recognized as early as 1950 that social scientists have failed to develop methods for incorporating the effect of scale in their work. This article seeks to determine whether methods used in plant and animal ecology for assessing the effects of scale are applicable to community resource management. The article reviews hierarchy theory and multiple scales, two methods (one theoretical and the other practical) for dealing with problems that span many scales. The application of these methods to community resource management programs is examined by way of an example.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02400067
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Integrated resource management systems: Coupling expert systems with data-base management and geographic information systems (1992)
    Springer
    Environmental management 16 (1992), S. 167-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Resource management ; Natural resources ; Forestry ; Expert systems ; Rule-based reasoning ; Geographic information systems ; Data-base management systems ; Decision support system
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Decision making in natural resource management is becoming increasingly information-intensive because of the rising public concerns about resource conservation and environmental quality. The volume of information that must be analyzed and the complexity of the decision-making process demands that computerized systems be developed to provide decision support services. An integrated systems approach that couples data-base management, geographic information systems, and expert systems is needed. We refer to such an approach as integrated resource management automation (IRMA) and describe a prototype system that is currently being tested in the Nicolet National Forest. This type of information system is likely to play an increasingly important role in the management of natural resources in the future.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02393822
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improving lake riparian source area management using surface and subsurface runoff indices (1994)
    Springer
    Environmental management 18 (1994), S. 569-586 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Lake management ; Geographic information systems ; Eutrophication ; Groundwater sensitivity index ; Runoff sensitivity index
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Sensitivity indices, which rank factors pertinent to surface and subsurface runoff pathways, were used to identify phosphorus source areas in riparian zones of 15 northern Minnesota lakes. Watershed models were first developed using a geographic information system (GIS). Empirical models were then developed correlating water quality with land use, lake morphometry, and riparian sensitivity. Base models of forested, cultivated, pasture/open, wetland and residential land use within 100, 200, 400, and 2000 m of the study lakes were regressed on total phosphorus and chlorophyll-a. Area-weighted groundwater and surface runoff sensitivity indices were then incorporated into each model and tested for significance. Within the 200-m buffer, the total phosphorus base model was improved by including the groundwater index alone. The chlorophyll-a base model at 200 m was improved by including: (1) the groundwater index alone, and (2) both the groundwater and surface runoff sensitivity indices. Results suggest that surface and subsurface runoff analysis of potential source areas can improve decision making for lake riparian management.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02400860
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mercury dynamics in young Common Tern (Sterna hirundo) chicks from a polluted environment (1993)
    Springer
    Ecotoxicology 2 (1993), S. 33-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3017
    Keywords: mercury ; body distribution ; feather concentrations ; body burden ; tern chicks
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: We studied mercury concentrations and amounts in tissues of 19 starved young Common Tern chicks (median age 4 days) and in eggs from the same colony. Concentrations and burden were similar between eggs and newly hatched chicks. Mercury concentrations were highest in down, which contained at least 38% of the body mercury. The mercury burden of the whole body and of the tissues as well as the concentration in down increased with age and body mass, indicating the importance of down as an elimination pathway. Conversion ratios between mercury concentrations in tissues and the whole chick body varied according to the contamination level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00058212
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seasonal and spatial patterns of S, Ca, and N dynamics of a Northern Hardwood forest ecosystem (1992)
    Springer
    Biodegradation 17 (1992), S. 165-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9729
    Keywords: calcium ; fine roots ; nitrogen ; northern hardwood ; nutrient dynamics ; seasonality ; soils ; sulfur ; vegetation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Seasonal dynamics of S, Ca and N were examined at the Huntington Forest, a northern hardwood ecosystem in the central Adirondacks of New York for a period of 34 months (1985–1988). Solute concentrations and fluxes in bulk precipitation, throughfall (TF) and leachates from the forest floor, E horizon and B horizon were quantified. Both above and below-ground elemental fluxes mediated by vegetation (e.g. uptake, litter inputs, and fine roots production) were also determined. The roles of abiotic and biotic processes were ascertained based on both changes in solute concentrations through the strata of the ecosystem as well as differences between dormant and growing seasons. Concentrations of SO4 2−, NO3 −, NH4 + and Ca2+ were greater in TF than precipitation. Forest floor leachates had greater concentrations of SO4 2−, NO3 − + NH4 + and Ca2+ (9, 6 and 77 µeq L−1, respectively) than TF. There were differences in concentrations of ions in leachates from the forest floor between the dormant and growing seasons presumably due to vegetation uptake and microbial immobilization. Concentrations and fluxes of NO3 − and NH; were greatest in early spring followed by a rapid decline which coincided with a demand for N by vegetation in late spring. Vegetation uptake (44.7 kg N ha−1 yr−1 ) could account for the low leaching rates of N03 −. Within the mineral soil, changes with soil depth and the absence of seasonal patterns suggest that cation exchange (Ca+) or anion sorption (SO4 2−) are primarily responsible for regulating solute concentrations. The increase in SO4 2− concentration after leachates passed through the mineral soil may be attributed to desorption of sulfate that was adsorbed during an earlier period when SO4 2− concentrations would have been greater due to elevated S inputs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00004040
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen mass balances and denitrification rates in central Ontario Lakes (1993)
    Springer
    Biodegradation 20 (1993), S. 195-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9729
    Keywords: denitrification ; lake ; mass balance ; nitrogen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Nitrogen mass balances for seven unproductive lakes and 20 forested catchments in central Ontario were measured between 1977 and 1989. Average annual lake denitrification rates calculated with the N/P ratio method were strongly correlated with summer anoxic factor (extent of surficial sediment anoxia) whereas denitrification rates calculated with a210Pb sediment N accumulation method were poorly correlated with the anoxic factor suggesting that the N/P method is superior. Substantial denitrification occurred in all lakes — an average of 36% of TN inputs or 75% of the net gain. On a regional area-weighted basis, 67% of bulk atmospheric TN deposition was stored or denitrified terrestrially, 12% was denitrified in lakes, 4% was stored in lake sediments, and 17% was exported from lakes. N/P ratios were generally less in streams than in precipitation suggesting preferential N retention in catchments, whereas the N/P ratios in lake outputs were slightly higher than lake input ratios, suggesting preferential P retention in lakes. This is consistent with the notion that P-limited lakes can exist adjacent to N-limited forests.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00000787
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen inputs to a marine embayment: the importance of groundwater (1990)
    Springer
    Biodegradation 10 (1990), S. 309-328 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9729
    Keywords: estuaries ; groundwater ; nitrogen ; nitrogen cycle ; nitrogen loading
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract We examined the importance of nitrogen inputs from groundwater and runoff in a small coastal marine cove on Cape Cod, MA, USA. We evaluated groundwater inputs by three different methods: a water budget, assuming discharge equals recharge; direct measurements of discharge using bell jars; and a budget of water and salt at the mouth of the Cove over several tidal cycles. The lowest estimates were obtained by using a water budget and the highest estimates were obtained using a budget of water and salt at the Cove mouth. Overall there was more than a five fold difference in the freshwater inputs calculated by using these methods. Nitrogen in groundwater appears to be largely derived from on site septic systems. Average nitrate concentrations were highest in the region where building density was greatest. Nitrate in groundwater appeared to behave conservatively in sandy sediments where groundwater flow rates were high (〉 11/m2/h), indicating that denitrification was not substantially reducing external nitrogen loading to the Cove. Nitrogen inputs from groundwater were approximately 300 mmol-N/m3/y of Cove water. Road runoff contributed an additional 60 mmol/m3/y. Total nitrogen inputs from groundwater and road runoff to this cove were similar in magnitude to river dominated estuaries in urbanized areas in the United States.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00003150
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of eggs in mercury excretion by Quail Coturnix coturnix and the implications for monitoring mercury pollution by analysis of feathers (1993)
    Springer
    Ecotoxicology 2 (1993), S. 55-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3017
    Keywords: mercury ; eggs ; feathers ; quail ; dose-response
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: This paper describes differences in the excretion of methyl mercury between male and female Quail Coturnix coturnix after a single dose. Since feathers are often used to monitor mercury pollution it is important to take into account biases in feather mercury levels that may arise as a result of mercury loss through egg-laying. Evidence is presented to support the use of bird eggs to sample for environmental mercury contamination. Birds were monitored up to twelve weeks after administration. Mercury concentrations in the kidney exceeded those in the liver which exceeded those in the pectoral muscle. Significant differences in mercury levels between male and female birds were found up to eight weeks after administration. Mercury was initially distributed through most of the internal tissues and was lost relatively slowly in a negative exponential manner. Mercury loss through excretion differed between the sexes for the first eight weeks after mercury administration. Initial mercury concentration in eggs was 3.5 μg g-1 but no mercury was detected in eggs five weeks after the dose was administered. At this point over 40% of the females' intake had been lost into the eggs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00058214
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Food chain transfer and potential renal toxicity of mercury to small mammals at a contaminated terrestrial field site (1993)
    Springer
    Ecotoxicology 2 (1993), S. 243-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3017
    Keywords: mercury ; small mammals ; bioaccumulation ; tissue residues ; toxicity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Mercury concentrations were determined in surface soil and biota at a contaminated terrestrial field site and were used to calculate transfer coefficients of mercury through various compartments of the ecosystem based on trophic relationships. Mercury concentrations in all compartments (soil, vegetation, invertebrates, and small mammals) were higher than mercury concentrations in corresponding samples at local reference sites. Nonetheless, mercury concentrations in biota did not exceed concentrations in the contaminated surface soil, which averaged 269 μg g-1. Plant tissue concentrations of mercury were low (0.01 to 2.0 μg g-1) and yielded soil to plant transfer coefficients ranging from 3.7×10-5 for seeds to 7.0×10-3 for grass blades. Mercury concentrations in invertebrates ranged from 0.79 for harvestmen (Phalangida) to 15.5 μg g-1 for undepurated earthworms (Oligochaeta). Mean food chain transfer coefficients for invertebrates were 0.88 for herbivores/omnivores and 2.35 for carnivores. Mean mercury concentrations in target tissue (kidney) were 1.16±1.16 μg g-1 for the white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus), a granivore, and 38.8±24.6 μg g-1 for the shorttail shrew (Blarina brevicauda), an insectivore. Transfer coefficients for diet to kidney were 0.75 and 4.40 for P. leucopus and B. brevicauda, respectively. A comparison of kidney mercury residues measured in this study with values from controlled laboratory feeding studies from the literature indicate that B. brevicauda but not P. leucopus may be ingesting mercury at levels that are nephrotoxic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00368533
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