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  • Artikel  (4.143)
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  • 2000-2004  (4.143)
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  • Artikel  (4.143)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Association of TNFA gene polymorphism at position –308 with susceptibility to irritant contact dermatitis (2000)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 51 (2000), S. 201-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Skin ; Genetics ; TNFA ; ¶Inflammation ; PCR-RFLP
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract  Mechanisms underlying susceptibility to skin irritants are not clearly understood. Cytokines play a key role in inflammation, and functional polymorphisms in cytokine genes may affect responses to irritants. We investigated the relationship between polymorphism in the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α-chain gene and responses to irritants. Volunteers (n=221) tested with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and benzalkonium chloride (BKC) were divided into responders and nonresponders and high and low irritant-threshold groups. DNA was assayed for the TNF-308 polymorphism by a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. There was a significant increase in the A allele (P=0.030) and AA genotype (P=0.023) in both the SDS low irritant-threshold group and in SDS responders (A allele P=0.022, AA genotype P=0.048). In the BKC low irritant-threshold group, we found a significant increase in the A allele (P=0.002) and AA genotype (P=0.016). Individuals with a low threshold to both irritants demonstrated a significant increase (P=0.002) in the A allele. This is the first description of a nonatopic genetic marker for irritant susceptibility in normal individuals. Genotyping for theTNF-308 polymorphism may thus contribute to screening of individuals deemed at risk of developing irritant contact dermatitis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002510050032
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Re-examination of (in)compatibility genotypes of two John Innes self-compatible sweet cherry selections (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 101 (2000), S. 234-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Cherry ; Genetics ; Compatibility ; Incompatibility ; Isoelectric focusing ; Prunus avium ; Ribonuclease
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract  The (in)compatibility genotypes of two self-compatible sweet cherry selections, JI 2420 and JI 2434, originating from the John Innes Institute were re-examined. The selections and seedlings derived from them were analysed for stylar ribonucleases, which are known to correlate with S alleles, and the outcome of test crosses was recorded. JI 2420, which had been reported previously as S 3 S 4 ", where " indicates loss of pollen activity, was deduced to have the genotype S 4 S 4 ’. For JI 2434, which had been reported previously as S 3 S 4 0 , S 3 S 3 0 or S 3 S 3 ", where 0 indicates loss of pollen and stylar activity, two different clones were identified. One, at East Malling, was deduced to be S 3 "S 4 ; the other, at Ahrensburg, appeared to be S 3 S 3 " or S 3 S 3 0 .
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051474
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Characterisation and analysis of microsatellite loci in a mangrove species, Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh. (Avicenniaceae) (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 101 (2000), S. 279-285 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Avicennia marina ; Microsatellite ; Mangrove ; Genetics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract  An enriched microsatellite library of the mangrove species Avicennia marina was constructed, in which 85.8% of the clones contained microsatellite sequences. Of the microsatellite repeat sequences isolated, 55.0% were di-nucleotides, 34.2% were tri-nucleotides, 50.0% were perfect, 24.2% were imperfect, and 15.0% were compound. Four different di-nucleotide repeats were isolated with repeat lengths ranging from 5 to 33; ten different tri-nucleotide repeats were isolated with repeat lengths ranging from 3 to 25. The most common di-nucleotide was the AC/TG repeat; the most common tri-nucleotide was the CCG/GGC repeat. Sixteen microsatellite sequences were selected for primer design, and 6 primers were selected to investigate the polymorphism detected among 15 individuals of A. marina from three natural populations in Australia. A total of 40 alleles were detected at 6 microsatellite loci. The number of alleles per microsatellite locus ranged from 5 to 13. On average, 7 alleles were detected per locus. All microsatellite loci showed high levels of gene diversity (heterozygosity), with values ranging from 0.53 to 0.88; the mean value of gene diversity was 0.70. Microsatellite loci were also tested for conservation across Avicennia species. There was a decline in amplification success with increasing divergence between Avicennia species. The results indicate that microsatellites are abundant in the Avicennia genome and can be valuable genetic markers for assessing the effects of deforestation and forest fragmentation in mangrove communities, which is an important issue for mangrove conservation and afforestation schemes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051480
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A novel hypersensitive resistance response against potato virus A in cultivar ’Shepody’ (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 100 (2000), S. 401-408 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Complementary genes ; Extreme virus resistance ; Genetics ; Necrotic tubers ; Restricted virus distribution ; Solanum tuberosum
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract  The potato cultivar ’Shepody’ is susceptible to a number of potato viruses including potato virus Y (PVY, potyvirus) but was found to possess extreme resistance to another potyvirus, potato virus A (PVA). ’Shepody’ plants were resistant to PVA infection in manual and graft inoculations. PVA replication was not detected in any of the inoculated plants by ELISA, an infectivity assay and RT-PCR. However, ’Shepody’ plants grafted with shoots containing PVA developed a novel symptomology which resembled a virus infection in appearance and in rate of translocation to the entire plant. Efforts to transmit the symptom-inducing agent manually failed. Graft-inoculation to potato virus indicator plants and PVA-susceptible potato plants showed that the symptom inducer was PVA at an extremely low concentration, detected using RT-PCR followed by Southern blot assay. Tubers from grafted but resistant ’Shepody’ plants had necrotic surfaces and internal spots. PVA was detected from necrotic areas but not from the non-necrotic ones. However, plants resulting from necrotic tubers were free from aerial leaf symptoms observed in grafted plants and produced non-necrotic normal tubers. A trace-back of the parental lineage of ’Shepody’ indicated that the resistance had been introgressed from the cultivar ’Bake King’. Analysis of progeny of a cross of resistant ’Shepody’ to the susceptible ’Goldrus’ indicated that this resistance is controlled by two independent dominant complementary genes in contrast to monogenic resistance reported for other potato viruses.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050053
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  • 5
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    The development of electroporation (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2002-01-16
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Heller, Richard -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Jan 11;295(5553):277.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11789539" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Electroporation ; Genetic Therapy/*methods ; Humans ; Transfection/*methods
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Cancer. BRCA2 enters the fray (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2002-09-14
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wilson, John H -- Elledge, Stephen J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Sep 13;297(5588):1822-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12228708" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; BRCA1 Protein/metabolism ; BRCA2 Protein/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Binding Sites ; Breast Neoplasms/genetics ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; DNA/*metabolism ; DNA Damage ; *DNA Repair ; DNA, Single-Stranded/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Female ; Genes, BRCA1 ; Genes, BRCA2 ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Mice ; Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics ; Protein Folding ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Rad51 Recombinase ; Rats ; Recombination, Genetic ; Replication Protein A
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Foot-and-mouth disease. Report urges U.K. to vaccinate herds (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2002-07-20
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stone, Richard -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Jul 19;297(5580):319-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12130760" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Advisory Committees ; Animal Diseases ; Animal Husbandry ; Animals ; Data Collection ; Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control/*veterinary ; Foot-and-Mouth Disease/epidemiology/*prevention & control ; Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus/*immunology ; Great Britain/epidemiology ; Vaccination/*veterinary ; Viral Vaccines/*administration & dosage
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    Direct recognition of cytomegalovirus by activating and inhibitory NK cell receptors (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2002-04-16
    Beschreibung: Natural killer (NK) cells express inhibitory receptors for major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I antigens, preventing attack against healthy cells. Mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV) encodes an MHC-like protein (m157) that binds to an inhibitory NK cell receptor in certain MCMV-susceptible mice. In MCMV-resistant mice, this viral protein engages a related activating receptor (Ly49H) and confers host protection. These activating and inhibitory receptors are highly homologous, suggesting the possibility that one evolved from the other in response to selective pressure imposed by the pathogen.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arase, Hisashi -- Mocarski, Edward S -- Campbell, Ann E -- Hill, Ann B -- Lanier, Lewis L -- AI30363/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA89294/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 May 17;296(5571):1323-6. Epub 2002 Apr 11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology and Immunology and the Cancer Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11950999" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): 3T3 Cells ; Animals ; Antigens, Ly/chemistry/genetics/*immunology/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Coculture Techniques ; Disease Susceptibility ; Evolution, Molecular ; Herpesviridae Infections/*immunology ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/immunology ; Hybridomas ; Immunity, Innate ; Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis ; Killer Cells, Natural/*immunology ; Lectins, C-Type ; Ligands ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Membrane Glycoproteins/chemistry/genetics/*immunology/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Muromegalovirus/genetics/*immunology/metabolism ; NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily A ; Protein Binding ; Receptors, Immunologic/chemistry/genetics/*immunology/metabolism ; Receptors, NK Cell Lectin-Like ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Transfection ; Viral Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*immunology/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 9
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    Control of synaptic strength by glial TNFalpha (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2002-03-23
    Beschreibung: Activity-dependent modulation of synaptic efficacy in the brain contributes to neural circuit development and experience-dependent plasticity. Although glia are affected by activity and ensheathe synapses, their influence on synaptic strength has largely been ignored. Here, we show that a protein produced by glia, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), enhances synaptic efficacy by increasing surface expression of AMPA receptors. Preventing the actions of endogenous TNFalpha has the opposite effects. Thus, the continual presence of TNFalpha is required for preservation of synaptic strength at excitatory synapses. Through its effects on AMPA receptor trafficking, TNFalpha may play roles in synaptic plasticity and modulating responses to neural injury.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Beattie, Eric C -- Stellwagen, David -- Morishita, Wade -- Bresnahan, Jacqueline C -- Ha, Byeong Keun -- Von Zastrow, Mark -- Beattie, Michael S -- Malenka, Robert C -- DA00439/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- MH063394/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS 31193/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS38079/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Mar 22;295(5563):2282-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Nancy Pritzker Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA. beattie.2@osu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11910117" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Antigens, CD/pharmacology ; Astrocytes/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Culture Media, Conditioned/pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects ; Hippocampus/cytology/metabolism ; Neuronal Plasticity/drug effects ; Neurons/drug effects/metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, AMPA/metabolism ; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor ; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I ; Synapses/drug effects/*metabolism ; Synaptic Transmission/drug effects ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 10
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    Excess polymorphisms in genes for membrane proteins in Plasmodium falciparum (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2002-10-05
    Beschreibung: The detection of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in pathogenic microorganisms has normally been carried out by trial and error. Here we show that DNA hybridization with high-density oligonucleotide arrays provides rapid and convenient detection of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum, despite its exceptionally high adenine-thymine (AT) content (82%). A disproportionate number of polymorphisms are found in genes encoding proteins associated with the cell membrane. These genes are targets for only 22% of the oligonucleotide probes but account for 69% of the polymorphisms. Genetic variation is also enriched in subtelomeric regions, which account for 22% of the chromosome but 76% of the polymorphisms.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Volkman, Sarah K -- Hartl, Daniel L -- Wirth, Dyann F -- Nielsen, Kaare M -- Choi, Mehee -- Batalov, Serge -- Zhou, Yingyao -- Plouffe, David -- Le Roch, Karine G -- Abagyan, Ruben -- Winzeler, Elizabeth A -- GM61351/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Oct 4;298(5591):216-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12364807" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Base Sequence ; Chromosomes/genetics ; DNA, Protozoan/genetics ; *Genes, Protozoan ; Genetic Variation ; Genome, Protozoan ; Membrane Proteins/*genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Oligonucleotide Probes ; Plasmodium falciparum/*genetics ; *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Protozoan Proteins/*genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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