ALBERT

Description: La presente tesis respondió preguntas importantes para el conocimiento del embalse de Rincón del Bonete (EdRB) y para la obtención de los puntos de referencia para la determinación de estrés ecológico en el mismo. Los objetivos específicos comprendieron la determinación de los aspectos limnológicos más relevantes, la caracterización del embalse según su estado trófico, así como el conocimiento del estado de explotación de la especie íctica mas relevante desde el punto de vista comercial. Se determinaron indicadores que permitieron aportar información de base para cuantificar el grado de perturbación del embalse a fin de adoptar estrategias de conservación y manejo, así como definir las zonas más sensibles de impacto ambiental. Se evaluó la variabilidad espacio-temporal de los componentes bióticos y abióticos que pudieran emplearse como indicadores de estrés y se realizó un diagnóstico del EdRB empleando métodos holísticos (índices y modelos morfoedáficos), empíricos (técnicas hidroacústicas) y modelos analíticos basados en una descripción más detallada del stock (análisis virtual de poblaciones). Se encontró un gradiente marcado desde la represa hacia la entrada del río al embalse, fundamentalmente en cuanto a la transparencia del agua, concentración de fosfatos, conductividad y densidad de organismos fitoplanctónicos y zooplanctónicos. Los indicadores basados en organismos zooplanctónicos lo clasificarían como un ambiente mesotrófico. Los resultados obtenidos con técnicas hidroacústicas y pesca experimental, sugieren un patrón de distribución espacio-temporal, caracterizado por desplazamientos de los peces entre el cuerpo central del embalse y los brazos, asociado a la época del año o al régimen hidrológico. Se propuso un indicador del estado de estrés (IR) basado en las técnicas hidroacústicas, que relaciona la ictiomasa potencialmente reclutable a la pesquería con la ictiomasa total. El IR mostró variaciones espaciales que evidenciaron áreas de cría de peces y al comparar para un mismo ambiente las variaciones anuales, se obtuvo un indicador de estrés. El análisis de largo plazo (1991-1999) mostró que la tararira (Hoplias malabaricus malabaricus) está siendo sometida a un fuerte estrés debido a la presión de pesca realizada en el EdRB. Las diferentes aproximaciones metodológicas y variables empleadas para evaluar el estado de situación del EdRB, muestran efectos antropogénicos en el sistema y en la comunidad ictícola asociada. A efectos de proveer las bases ambientales para un manejo integrado, se propone la continuación del monitoreo, considerando variables físico-químicas sensibles y componentes de la trama trófica, en especial fito y zooplancton, y biomasa íctica. Se sugieren pautas de manejo adicionales, tales como la creación de áreas protegidas y la implementación de vedas espaciales a la actividad pesquera.

Description: This thesis answered important questions for the knowledge of the Rincon del Bonete (EdRB) reservoir and to obtain points of reference for the determination of ecologic stress in it, by means of a long-term study. The specific objectives included the determination of the main limnological aspects, the characterisation of the reservoir according to its trophyc status, the estimation of the composition and structure of the ichthyic community, as well as the status of exploitation of the main species. Finally, signs that provided information to quantify the grade of disturbance of the reservoir, aimed at the taking of management and protection strategies, as well as at defining the most sensible zones of environmental impact. The space-temporal variability of the biotic components suitable of being used as stress indicators was evaluated and the possible application of the determination of ichthyic biomass and of other fishing-biological parameters as of possible ecological stress estimators. A diagnostic of the reservoir was carried out performing different studies based on holistic (morphoedaphic index and morphoedaphic models), empirical (hydroacoustic techniques and experimental fishing) and analytical methods (virtual population analysis). The EdRB was classified as a mesotrophic environment according with the zooplankton composition and with the nutrients concentrations. The results obtained with hydroacoustic techniques and experimental fishing outlined a space-temporal pattern of the fish distribution according with the season of the year and hydrological conditions. A stress indicator index (IR) was proposed based in hydroacoustic techniques. Space variations of this index pointed out breeding areas while temporal variations were considered as a stress condition. The long-term virtual population analysis (1991-1999) showed anthropogenic stress of tararira (Hoplias malabaricus malabaricus) as a result of over fishing. The different approaches carried out in order to evaluate the situation of the EdRB, pointed out anthropogenic effects on the system and the ichthyic community. A continuous monitory of the most sensible physical-chemicals variables as well as the web chain components (phytoplankton, zooplankton and ichthyic biomass particularly) was suggested in order to obtain the environmental basis of an integrated management of the reservoir. Recommendations on creating protected areas and implementing fishing restriction are presented.

Description: Programa de Desarrollo de las Ciencias Básicas (PEDECIBA) - Facultad de Ciencias - Universidad de la República

Description: Tesis de Doctorado en Biología, Opción Zoología

Description: Topics on Lake Victoria limnology, benthic fauna, stock assessment, catch assessment survey, gear selectivity, fisheries ecology, fish parasites and marketing economics are covered. Management and conservation of the lake's fisheries and other aquatic resources are discussed. Dialogue between fishermen, scientists and administrators is stressed, measures to be undertaken are addressed and further research is recommended.

Description: Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute and the European Economic Community

Description: pp.1-9 only in uploaded file

Description: Published

Description: The new genus Lianus of subfamily Doryctinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is described and illustrated. The differences from other genera of Doryctinae are discussed. Both included species originate from the Atlantic forest at Campos do Jordão, São Paulo State, Brazil.

Description: The Pterophoridae (Ochyroticinae, Deuterocopinae, Pterophorinae (Tribus: Platyptiliini, Exelastini, Oxyptilini)) species of the Neotropical fauna are reviewed. The species are redescribed. Moths are illustrated in colour for the first time, their genitalia are illustrated in line drawings. The examination of type specimens revealed the presence of four new synonyms: Platyptilia juanvinas Gielis, 1999, is a junior synonym of Platyptilia gravior Meyrick, 1932; Platyptilia jonesi Gielis, 1996, is a junior synonym of Platyptilia semnopis Meyrick, 1931; Oxyptilus maleficus Meyrick, 1926, is a junior synonym of Leptodeuterocopus neales (Walsingham, 1915); Lioptilus parvus Walsingham, 1880, is a junior synonym of Lioptilodes albistriolatus (Zeller, 1871). During the study of much new material 40 new species were discovered: Leptodeuterocopus tungurahue, L. angulatus, L. panamaensis, L. duchicela, Sochchora mulinus, Melanoptilia nigra, Platyptilia spicula, Stenoptilodes maculatus, S. agricultura, S. heppneri, S. medius, S. altiaustralis, Postplatyptilia nebuloarbustum, P. antillae, P. caribica, P. uruguayensis, P. pluvia, P. seitetazas, P. transversus, P. carchi, P. boletus, P, ugartei, P. drechseli, P. corticis, P. zongoensis, P. vorbecki, Amblyptilia landryi, A. kosteri, Lioptilodes altivolans, L. arequipa, L. yungas, L. salarius, L. cocodrilo, Michaelophorus margaritae, M. bahiaensis, Geina integumentum, Capperia browni, Buckleria brasilia, Megalorhipida paraiso, M. dubiosa. In the larger genera the species are arranged in groups. For a distinct group of species a new genus: Melanoptilia is proposed. A comprehensive checklist of the species has been made. To facilitate identification a key is presented to the genus level.

Description: A bibliography of the family Braconidae/Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae is given for the period 1964-2003. It is an addition to Shenefelt's bibliography (1965), which covers the period 1785-1963. In total 10,436 references are listed.

Description: The European species of the genus Helorus Latreille, 1802, are keyed and illustrated, with special reference to their distribution in The Netherlands. Three of the four European species are newly reported for The Netherlands. The description of a new species from Sulawesi (Indonesia) is added: H. celebensis spec. nov.

Description: Two new genera of Entedoninae are described from Afrotropical region. The genus Janicharis gen. nov. (type species: J. africana spec. nov.) is described from Cameroon, Nigeria and Madagascar. The genus Hakuna gen. nov. (type species: H. matata spec. nov.) is described from Uganda. Both genera have a rather characteristic habitus and a peculiar propodeum bearing large anterolateral strips. A new, but yet unnamed, species of the genus Trisecodes Delvare & LaSalle, 2000, is recorded from Cameroon. This is the fi rst Afrotropical record of this genus, originally described from the Neotropical region.

Description: In total 32 new species of Tenthredinidae are described from Vietnam and 18 new species from Indonesia: Nesoselandria albotonkinensis spec. nov., N. albeotegularissima spec. nov., N. devriesiana spec. nov., Anapeptamena achterbergiana spec. nov., Neostromboceros nigrogiganteus spec. nov., N. gracilioides spec. nov., N. alboclypeatus spec. nov., N. daoensis spec. nov., N. phuongensis spec. nov., Abusarbidea bicoloristigmata spec. nov., Eusunoxa alboapicalis spec. nov., Neopoppia tonkinometallica spec. nov., Abeleses vietnamensis spec. nov., A. metallotonkinensis spec. nov., Heptamelus tonkinensis spec. nov., Athlophorus devriesi spec. nov., Rhopographus vietnamensis spec. nov., Xenapatidea hematothoracica spec. nov., X. devriesi spec. nov., Allantidea achterbergiana spec. nov., Neothrinax nigrotonkinensis spec. nov., Indotaxonus flavissimus spec. nov., Darjilingia vietnamensis spec. nov., D. tonkinensis spec. nov., D. hoangliensis spec. nov., Ferna achterbergi spec. nov., Monophadnus bicoloritonkinensis spec. nov., Eutomostethus phongdiensis spec. nov., Eutomostethus albotegularissimus spec. nov., Tenthredo octomaculatus spec. nov., T. tricoloritonkinensis spec. nov. and T. danangiensis spec. nov. from Vietnam. Neostromboceros pleuronotatus spec. nov., N. albopedissimus spec. nov., N. flavopedis spec. nov., N. rubroguinealis spec. nov., N. rubromalayensis spec. nov., Eusunoxa malaya spec. nov., Emphytus danumiensis spec. nov., Hemibeleses sulawesiensis spec. nov., Neopoppia irregulata spec. nov., Tenthredo nigrosabahensis spec. nov., T. djampangensis spec. nov., Neothrinax kaindiensis spec. nov., N. excavata spec. nov., N. gedehensis spec. nov., Abeleses metallojavanus spec. nov., Caliroa nigrojavana spec. nov., Nesoselandria sulawesiensis spec. nov. and Athlophorus achterbergianus spec. nov. from Indonesia. Monophadnus glaucus Enderlein, 1919; Monophadnus sumatranus Enderlein, 1919; Amonophadnus nigripennis Benson, 1935; Amonophadnus nigrojavanus Haris, 2002; Corporaalinus azureus Forsius, 1925; Corporaalinus cyanescens Forsius, 1925; and Corporaalinus jacobsoni Forsius, 1929, are proposed as new synonyms of Monophadnus rivalis Konow, 1906. An identification key is added for the known Tenthredinidae of Borneo, Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi and New Guinea.

Description: Two new host records for Exasticolus fuscicornis (Cameron, 1887)(Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Homolobinae)are presented with detailed larvae morphology and other biological information.

Description: Thirty species belonging to 16 genera of the family Braconidae (Hymenoptera) are reported from Greenland. Seven are new species described and illustrated below: Dacnusa groenlandica spec. nov.; Aphidius tarsalis spec. nov.; Praon brevistigma spec. nov.; Blacus (B.) groenlandicus spec. nov.; Cotesia crassifemorata spec. nov.; C. fascifemorata spec. nov. and Microplitis lugubroides spec. nov.

Description: The little-known monotypic genus Paracyphocrania Redtenbacher, 1908 (Phasmatinae: Phasmatini) is reviewed and now comprises two species: P. lativentris Redtenbacher, 1908, and P. tecticollis (Redtenbacher, 1908) comb. nov., which are redescribed and illustrated. A neotype is designated for P. lativentris which is newly recorded from Sulawesi.

Description: Vestalaria vinnula spec.nov. (holotype male, southern Vietnam, Lam Dong province, Blao, 1962) is described in both sexes and compared with other species of Vestalaria May, 1935 (= the Vestalis smaragdina - group), which is ranked as valid genus.

Description: A new species of the genus Artocella van Achterberg is described from Spain. On the basis of its substantial sexual dimorphisim, the differences between the two previously known species of this Turanian-Mediterranean genus, which had each been described from specimens of only one (and differing) sex, are reassessed.

Description: Dasypoda intermedia spec. nov. from Iran is described. Its description fills a gap of our knowledge of the East Mediterranean fauna of the genus Dasypoda. The West Mediterranean Dasypoda species are well known but the eastern species lack convincing records. Moreover, D. intermedia spec. nov. is a very interesting species from a phylogenetic point of view. It shares some characters common to subgenera Dasypoda s. str. and Megadasypoda Michez, 2004, which provide further evidence for the close relationship of both subgenera.

Description: Thirty-one species of the family Platystictidae of the Philippines are revised, i.e. all species recognised, excluding the species of the Drepanosticta halterata-group. The following new taxa are described: 16 species in Drepanosticta Laidlaw: D. acuta spec. nov., D. aurita spec. nov., D. centrosaurus spec. nov., D. clados spec. nov., D. flavomaculata spec. nov., D. furcata spec. nov., D. hermes spec. nov., D. krios spec. nov., D. luzonica spec. nov., D. malleus spec. nov., D. myzouris spec. nov., D. paruatia spec. nov., D. pistor spec. nov., D. quadricornu spec. nov., D. rhamphis spec. nov., D. trachelocele spec. nov., two in Protosticta Selys, viz. P. lepteca spec. nov. and P. plicata spec. nov., and three in Sulcosticta gen. nov., viz. S. striata spec. nov., S. pallida spec. nov. and S. viticula spec. nov. The status of eleven previously described nominal taxa is established. One, D. septima Needham & Gyger, is doubtfully considered a synonym of D. mylitta Cowley. Based on a preliminary phylogenetic analysis, the species of Drepanosticta are divided into informal species groups. Most species of the Philippines have affinities to species of Sulawesi, the Moluccas and New Guinea. Several species confined to Palawan have sister-group relationships with species from Borneo. The affinities of various other species confined to the Sulu archipelago, are unsettled as yet. The species of Platystictidae here assigned to Protosticta Selys are presumably not closely related to the type species, P. simplicinervis Selys from Sulawesi. However, a better placement has to await a more detailed phylogenetic study of the family. For three species the new genus Sulcosticta gen. nov. is erected. These species are closely allied based on the structure of the appendages, but should have been assigned to different genera if based on the present generic definitions. Many species here described have small distributional ranges, a common phenomenon in Platystictidae. Since most forests in the Philippines are heavily under threat or have already disappeared in the last fifty years, several taxa described in this paper should be considered under threat of immediate extinction.

Description: In this part the remaining 78 species of the genus Pepsis, belonging to ten species-groups, are described and figured, and their phylogenetics and biogeography are discussed. 14 of the species are described as new: P. achterbergi spec. nov., P. adonta spec. nov., P. boharti spec. nov., P. caliente spec. nov., P. dayi spec. nov., P. esmeralda spec. nov., P. ianthoides spec. nov., P. jamaicensis spec. nov., P. krombeini spec. nov., P. martini spec. nov., P. multichroma spec. nov., P. nanoides spec. nov., P. wahisi spec. nov., and P. willinki spec. nov. Three species-names, P. infuscata Spinola, 1841, P. lampas Lucas, 1895, and P. thoreyi Dahlbom, 1845, are recalled from synonymy. The following 293 names are newly synonymized (the valid names are listed first): P. atalanta Mocsáry, 1885 = P. nitens Mocsáry, 1894, P. mocsaryi Lucas, 1895; P. inclyta Lepeletier, 1845 = P. mutabilis Lepeletier, 1845, P. vagabunda Lepeletier, 1845, P. cupripennis Taschenberg, 1869, P. violaceipennis Mocsáry, 1885, P. clotho Mocsáry, 1888, P. spengeli Mocsáry, 1888, P. sickmanni Mocsáry, 1888, P. nireus Mocsáry, 1894, P. atrovirens Lucas, 1895, P. cerastes Lucas, 1895, P. pygidialis Brèthes, 1908, P. guaranitica Brèthes, 1908, P. parca Lucas, 1919, P. atahualpa Banks, 1946, opimicornis, Haupt, 1952, atropos, Haupt, 1952, azurea Haupt, 1952; crassicornis Mocsáry, 1885 = P. sappho Brèthes, 1908, P. nitocris Brèthes, 1908, P. vivida Brèthes, 1908, P. arechavaletai Brèthes, 1908, P. lynchii Brèthes, 1908, P. operosa Brèthes, 1908, P. ataraqua Banks, 1946, P. splendida Haupt, 1952; P. sommeri Dahlbom, 1845 = P. azteca Cameron, 1893; P. xanthocera Dahlbom, 1843 = P. nigrescens Smith, 1855, P. fulgidipennis Mocsáry, 1885, P. juno Brèthes, 1908, P. ismare Banks, 1946, P. nigroprasina Haupt, 1952; P. seifferti Lucas, 1895 = P. cornuta Lucas, 1895, P. moebiusi Lucas, 1895, P. stygia Lucas, 1895; P. luteicornis Fabricius, 1804 = P. strenua Erichson, 1848, P. tinctipennis Smith, 1873, P. citreicornis Mocsáry, 1894, P. venosa Banks, 1945, P. alector Banks, 1946; P. asteria Mocsáry, 1894 = P. luridicornis Brèthes, 1926; P. convexa Lucas, 1895 = P. humeralis Brèthes, 1914; P. helvolicornis Lucas, 1895 = P. bahiae Brèthes, 1914; P. vitripennis Smith, 1855 = P. obscura Lepeletier, 1845, P. amabilis Mocsáry, 1885, P. centralis Cameron, 1893, P. margarete Lucas, 1895, P. venezuelae Kaye, 1913, P. aeneipennis Banks, 1946, P. helenae Haupt, 1952, P. coeruleoviridis Haupt, 1952; P. fumipennis Smith, 1855 = P. pallidicornis Mocsáry, 1885; P. amyntas Mocsáry, 1885 = P. vicina Lucas, 1895, P. clarinervis Brèthes, 1908, P. amyntoides Lucas, 1919, P. eurydice Lucas, 1919; P. dimidiata Fabricius, 1804 = P. vittigera Lucas, 1897, P. argentina Brèthes, 1908, P. sanctaeannae Brèthes, 1908, P. virgo Brèthes, 1908, P. externa Brèthes, 1908, P. transversa Brèthes, 1908, P. cordubensis Brèthes, 1908, P. banghaasi Lucas, 1919; P. menechma Lepeletier, 1845 = P. elegans Lepeletier, 1845, P. dubitata Cresson, 1867, P. prismatica Smith, 1855, P. advena Mocsáry, 1885, cinctipennis Mocsáry, 1885, P. guatemalensis Cameron, 1893, P. nestor Mocsáry, 1894, P. nigricornis Mocsáry, 1894, P. auranticornis Lucas, 1895, P. fruhstorferi Lucas, 1895, P. concolor Lucas, 1895, P. cerberus Lucas, 1895, P. euchroma Lucas, 1895, P. nigrocincta Lucas, 1895, P. mordax Lucas, 1895, P. inermis Fox, 1898, P. roberti Brèthes, 1908, P. janira Brèthes, 1908, P. cultrata Brèthes, 1908, P. novitia Banks, 1921; P. decipiens Lucas, 1895 = P. similis Lucas, 1895; P. minarum Brèthes, 1914 = P. pulchra Brèthes, 1914; P. basifusca Lucas, 1895 = P. angustimarginata Viereck, 1908; P. chrysoptera Burmeister, 1872 = P. exigua Lucas, 1895, P. smaragdinula Lucas, 1895, P. nebulosa Lucas, 1895, P. karschi Lucas, 1895, P. anisitsii Brèthes, 1908, P. indistincta Brèthes, 1908, P. dimidiatipennis Brèthes, 1908, P. chloroptera Brèthes, 1908, P. culta Brèthes, 1908, P. recta Brèthes, 1908, P. tornowii Brèthes, 1908, P. schrottkyi Brèthes, 1908, P. itinerata Brèthes, 1908, P. miniata Brèthes, 1908, P. spegazzinii Brèthes, 1908, P. paulistana Brèthes, 1914, P. chloe Brèthes, 1914, P. coronaria Brèthes, 1914, P. semilucana Haupt, 1952, P. bruneipes Haupt, 1952, P. brachynotus Haupt, 1952, P. diagonalis Haupt, 1952, P. discrepans Haupt, 1952; P. elongata Lepeletier, 1845 = P. purpurascens Smith, 1855, P. fuscipennis Smith, 1873, P. longula Banks, 1946; P. australis Saussure, 1867 = P. centaurus Lucas, 1897; P. cyanescens Lepeletier, 1845 = P. micans Mocsáry, 1885, P. jucunda Mocsáry, 1885, P. balloui Banks, 1946, P. diversa Haupt, 1952; P. lampas Lucas, 1895 = P. venturii Schrottky, 1902; P. nitida Lepeletier, 1845 = P. lucidula Smith, 1855, P. vaualba Smith, 1855, P. pruinosa Mocsáry, 1894, P. cylindrica Lucas, 1895, P. andina Brèthes, 1908, P. dilatata Brèthes, 1908, P. holmbergi Brèthes, 1908, P. concava Brèthes, 1908, P. ephebus Brèthes, 1908, P. vaga Brèthes, 1908, P. fuscobasalis Brèthes, 1908, P. cordata Brèthes, 1914, P. impatiens Brèthes, 1914, P. tricolor Brèthes, 1914, P. joergenseni Brèthes, 1914, P. cleone Brèthes, 1914, P. dorsata Brèthes, 1914, P. aretheas Brèthes, 1914, P. lassonis Lucas, 1819, P. consors Banks, 1946, P. interrupta Banks, 1946, P. analis Haupt, 1952; P. seladonica Dahlbom, 1843 = P. deuteroleuca Smith, 1855, P. kohli Lucas, 1895, P. venezolana Brèthes, 1908, P. burmeisteri Brèthes, 1908; P. cybele Banks, 1945 = P. weberi Banks, 1946; P. thoreyi Dahlbom, 1845 = P. lurida Lucas, 1895, P. euterpe Brèthes, 1908; P. flavescens Lucas, 1895 = P. periphetes Lucas, 1895, P. limbatella Brèthes, 1908, P. discoidalis Brèthes, 1914, P. limbatica Brèthes, 1914, P. militaris Brèthes, 1914, P. cavillatrix Haupt, 1952, P. arcuata Haupt, 1952, P. recterugosa Haupt, 1952, P. adversatrix Haupt, 1952; P. nigricans Lucas, 1895 = P. troglodytes Brèthes, 1908; P. montezuma Smith, 1855 = P. quitonensis Packard, 1869, P. sibylla Mocsáry, 1885, P. circe Mocsáry, 1885, P. occidentalis Cameron, 1893, P. peruanus Lucas, 1895, P. fulva Lucas, 1895, P. nessus Lucas, 1895, P. fusca Lucas, 1895, P. andicola Cameron, 1903, P. chilloensis Cameron, 1903, P. patagonica Brèthes, 1908, P. fasciculata Brèthes, 1908, P. pisoensis Strand, 1911, P. pacifica Brèthes, 1914, P. huascar Banks, 1946; P. completa Smith, 1855 = P. quichua Brèthes, 1908, P. comes Banks, 1946; P. smaragdina Dahlbom, 1843 = P. thunbergi Dahlbom, 1843, P. lara Mocsáry, 1888, P. satrapes Lucas, 1895, P. nupta Lucas, 1895, P. erynnis Lucas, 1895, P. fraterna Lucas, 1895, P. diabolus Lucas, 1895, P. mystica Lucas, 1895, P. thalia Brèthes, 1908, P. brasiliensis Brèthes, 1908, P. pallida Brèthes, 1908, P. iheringi Brèthes, 1908, P. dromeda Brèthes, 1908, P. sepultrix Lucas, 1919, P. strickeri Lucas, 1919; P. discolor Taschenberg, 1869 = P. sinnis Lucas, 1895, P. jujuyensis Brèthes, 1908, P. modesta Brèthes, 1908, P. comparata Brèthes, 1908, P. neutra Brèthes, 1908, P. terebrans Brèthes, 1908, P. procera Haupt, 1952, P. plaumanni Haupt, 1952, P. ogloblini Haupt, 1952, P. deletrix Haupt, 1952; P. limbata Guérin, 1831 = P. richteri Brèthes, 1908, P. polita Brèthes, 1908, P. limbella Haupt, 1952, P. artemis Haupt, 1952; P. basalis Mocsáry, 1885 = P. erdmanni Lucas, 1895, P. basinigra Haupt, 1952; P. infuscata Spinola, 1841 = P. niobe Mocsáry, 1885, P. sagana Mocsáry, 1894, P. incerta Banks, 1946; P. hyalinipennis Mocsáry, 1885 = P. subruficornis Haupt, 1952; P. festiva Fabricius, 1804 = P. pulchella Lepeletier, 1845, P. solitaria Smith, 1879, P. gallardoi Brèthes, 1908, P. hora Brèthes, 1914, P. amok Lucas, 1919, P. riojaneirensis Lucas, 1919; P. gracilis Lepeletier, 1845 = P. diana Mocsáry, 1885, P. hecate Mocsáry, 1885, P. spathulifera Lucas, 1895, P. sphinx Lucas, 1895, P. ierensis Banks, 1945, P. alceste Banks, 1946, P. scalaris Haupt, 1952; P. mildei Stål, 1857 = P. charon Mocsáry, 1885, P. cyanoptera Lucas, 1895, P. dryas Lucas, 1919; P. filiola Brèthes, 1914 = P. denserugosa Haupt, 1952; P. ruficornis Fabricius, 1804 = P. saphirus Palisot de Beauvois, 1805, P. violacea Mocsáry, 1885, P. hexamita Lucas, 1895, P. omniviolacea Haupt, 1952; P. brunneicornis Lucas, 1895 = P. glabripennis Lucas, 1895; P. purpurea Smith, 1873 = P. pan Mocsáry, 1885, P. parthenope Mocsáry, 1885, P. sagax Lucas, 1895, P. clypeata Brèthes, 1914, P. consimilis Banks, 1946, P. laconia Banks, 1946; P. viridisetosa Spinola, 1841 = P. eximia Smith, 1873; P. viridis Lepeletier, 1845 = P. errans Lepeletier, 1845, P. chlorotica Mocsáry, 1885, P. excelsa Lucas, 1895, P. selene Lucas, 1895, P. fimbriata Lucas, 1895, P. calypso Brèthes, 1908, P. fluminensis Brèthes, 1908, P. argentinicus Strand, 1910, P. mimetica Brèthes, 1914, P. garbei Brèthes, 1914, P. erecta Brèthes, 1914, P. tandilensis Brèthes, 1914, P. meridionalis Brèthes, 1914, P. minor Lucas, 1919, P. basifulgens Lucas, 1919, P. nebulosipennis Lucas, 1919, P. purpurea Lucas, 1919, P. koerberi Lucas, 1919, P. inimicissima Lucas, 1919, P. debilitans Lucas, 1919, P. itapaca Banks, 1946; P. aciculata Taschenberg, 1869 = P. nero Lucas, 1895; P. atripennis Fabricius, 1804 = P. flavilis Brèthes, 1908; P. ianthina Erichson, 1848 = P. fulvicornis Mocsáry, 1885, P. sirene Lucas, 1895, P. balboae Lucas, 1919, P. herodes Lucas, 1919, P. curti Lucas, 1919; P. nana Mocsáry, 1885 = P. mapiriensis Lucas, 1919, P. vinciens Lucas, 1919, P. ilione Banks, 1946, P. moesta Banks, 1946, P. orestes Banks, 1946, P. amautas Banks, 1946, P. inaequalis Haupt, 1952; P. hirtiventris Banks, 1946 = P. viridaurea Haupt, 1952, P. aequalis Haupt, 1952; P. auriguttata Burmeister, 1872 = P. aurimacula Mocsáry, 1885, P. flavicornis Mocsáry, 1894, P. guttata Lucas, 1895, P. incendiaria Lucas, 1895, P. pubiventris Lucas, 1895, P. planifrons Lucas, 1895, P. lestes Lucas, 1895, P. villosa Brèthes, 1908; P. sabina Mocsáry, 1885 = P. astioles Banks, 1946; and P. purpureipes Packard, 1869 = P. chlorana Mocsáry, 1885, P. antennalis Cameron, 1893, P. sulcifrons Cameron, 1903, P. carinata Brèthes, 1914, P. equatoriana Brèthes, 1914, P. angusta Banks, 1946. Keys to all forms are given. The mimicry-groups of P. atripennis Fabricius, 1804, and P. completa Smith, 1855, are defined and described and a comparative account of mimicry based on all four mimicrygroups in Pepsis is given. Lists of excluded species (with their current taxonomic placement and depository where ascertained), unplaced names, and a nomen nudum are given.

Description: This book is a report of investigations of several small ponds on the arctic tundra near Barrow, Alaska. The main study, which ran from 1971 through 1973, was funded from three sources: The National Science Foundation, the State of Alaska through the University of Alaska, and individual companies and members of the petroleum industry. The NSF funding was under the joint sponsorship of the U.S. Arctic Research Program (Division of Polar Programs) and the U.S. International Biological Program (Ecosystem Analysis Program). The U.S. Tundra Biome Program was under the overall direction of Jerry Brown of the U .S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory and consisted of aquatic and terrestrial sections.

Description: Menippus philippinensis Jacoby, 1894, is reported from Java, and Issikia clarki (Jacoby, 1884) comb. nov., from Sumatra.

Description: New and old records of the robberfly Machimus cowini in the Netherlands (Diptera: Asilidae) Until recently, Machimus cowini (Hobby, 1943) was known from just one record in the Netherlands. An examination of Dutch specimens of the similar M. cingulatus revealed specimens of M. cowini from five new localities. The records are concentrated on the island Ameland and along the rivers Waal and Maas. On Ameland, M. cowini probably occurs in coastal dunes. Near Nijmegen the species was found in grassy vegetation on floodplains and on riverdunes near the river.

Description: Two new species of the genus Diachasmimorpha Viereck, 1913 (Braconidae: Opiinae) are described: D. feijeni spec. nov. from Bhutan (reared from Bactrocera minax (Enderlein) (Diptera: Tephritidae) in fruits of Citrus reticulata Blanco (mandarin)) and D. budrysi spec. nov. from Far East Russia. A key to the Palaearctic species is added, including two similar species (Fopius alternatae (Tobias, 1977), and F. myolejae (Tobias, 1977)).

Description: Pemphredon montana, new to The Netherlands (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) In 1998 Pemphredon montana Dahlbom, 1845 was recorded for the first time in the Netherlands. The species was found nesting in the insulating material of a caravan in the northernmost part of the province of Overijssel.

Description: The influence of recent inundations on the distribution pattern of the isopod Eluma purpurascens in the province of Zeeland (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscoidea) Small scale mapping of Eluma purpurascens Budde-Lund, 1885 in the province of Zeeland revealed a remarkable distribution pattern. The species proved to be absent in parts which have been inundated during and after the second world war. This study shows that for the interpretation of distribution patterns the history of the study area should be considered.

Description: Faunistics and ecology of the syrphid genus Epistrophe in The Netherlands (Diptera: Syrphidae) Ten species of Epistrophe have been found in the Netherlands, two of which, E. cryptica and E. similis, are recorded here for the first time. The distribution, changes in distribution and ecology of the species were investigated and are illustrated by distribution maps and diagrams of the flight period. In all species, except E. eligans, females were observed more than males. Furthermore, females seem to be active later in the season than males. It is discussed that this is probably caused by the differences in behaviour between the males of the species.

Description: Until recently Boreus hyemalis was considered to be a rare species in The Netherlands. It was only known from a few localities in The Netherlands in the provinces of Noord-Holland, Zuid- Holland, Utrecht, Gelderland and Drenthe. The last few years many new populations have been discovered. In this paper the first records for the provinces of Limburg, Noord-Brabant and Overijssel are presented. The species seems to prefer scarcely vegetated patches in sanddunes, dominated by greyhair grass Corynephorus canescens and the moss Polytrichum piliferum. It proved to be relatively easy to find, when the right places were searched in the right period (October until February).

Description: Het genus Bryotropha in Nederland (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) Het genus Bryotropha staat bekend als een notoir lastig geslacht van kleine bruine motjes. Die moeilijkheid komt door de variatie, maar vooral ook door gebrek aan bruikbare beschrijvingen. Met dit artikel zijn de negen Nederlandse soorten te determineren. Vanwege het gebrek aan determinatieliteratuur in heel Europa is het in het Engels geschreven. Behalve de maar één keer waargenomen B. domestica, zijn de meeste soorten vrij gewone verschijningen in ons land, zoals uit de kaarten blijkt.

Description: The occurrence of Digitivalva arnicella in the Netherlands: rediscovery and conservation (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae: Acrolepiinae) Digitivalva arnicella (Heyden, 1863), previously only known from two localities before 1902, has been rediscovered in eight localities in the northern part of the Netherlands (province of Drenthe) on its host Arnica montana. On the basis of leafmines, found in old herbarium collections, it can be concluded that the species was once widespread within the range of its host in the northern and eastern parts of the Netherlands and has apparently been overlooked by entomologists since. D. arnicella is a much endangered species in the Netherlands, because of the dramatic decline of its host. Two of the eight discovered populations have been lost since their discovery in the first half of the 1990’s. Systematics and life history of the species are described and illustrated, the distribution is mapped and advise for management of its sites are given. The current management of some populations of Arnica, by mowing the site completely in August, is disastrous for the young caterpillars, mining the leaves.

Description: Nemobius sylvestris in the dunes near Bergen (Orthoptera) A large population of Nemobius sylvestris (Bosc, 1792) has been found in the dunes near Bergen (Noord-Holland), 60 km northwest of the nearest known site in the Gooi-area. This discovery sheds new light on a specimen from Bergen found in a collection, which was thought to be mislabelled.

Description: Interesting new records of Odonata in the Netherlands in 1998 A survey of the most interesting observations on Dutch Odonata is presented. During the Odonata Recording Scheme many new records of rare species have become available. Gomphus flavipes, G. vulgatissimus, Anax parthenope, Sympetrum pedemontanum and S. depressiusculum seem to become more common. The status of some threatened species is elucidated: Calopteryx virgo, Sympecma paedisca, Coenagrion hastulatum and Cordulegaster boltonii.

Description: The West Palaearctic species of the subfamily Paxylommatinae are reviewed and the species of the genus Hybrizon Fallén, 1813, from the Palaearctic region are keyed. Hybrizon juncoi (Ceballos, 1957) is recognized as a valid species, a neotype is designated for Hybrizon latebricola Nees, 1834, and a lectotype is designated for Plancus apicalis Curtis, 1833. Paxylomma grandis Rudow, 1883, Ogkosoma schwarzi Haupt, 1913, and Eurypterna arakawae Matsumura, 1918, are new junior synonyms of Eurypterna cremieri (de Romand, 1838).

Description: Het genus Scrobipalpa in Nederland (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) Scrobipalpa is een geslacht van kleine, lastig uit elkaar te houden motjes. In heel Europa zijn ongeveer 70 soorten bekend. Doorgaans zijn de vleugels bruin- of grijsachtig met een tekening van stippels en strepen die bovendien erg kan variëren. Hierdoor kunnen de individuele soorten vaak moeilijk herkend worden. Aan de hand van de genitaliën kunnen soorten wel allemaal gedetermineerd worden. Omdat de literatuur over deze groep niet erg toegankelijk is en bestaande beschrijvingen soms erg onvolledig zijn, wordt dit artikel in het Engels geschreven. Met dit artikel zijn de elf Nederlandse soorten te determineren. De meeste hiervan zijn min of meer gebonden aan de kust. Van alle soorten worden naast beschrijvingen van de vleugeltekening en de genitaliën, ook de verspreiding, de biologie en de ecologie gegeven.

Description: New records of Cheilosia caerulescens in the Netherlands (Diptera: Syrphidae) Cheilosia caerulescens is a rare hoverfly in The Netherlands. Until 1998 only four records were known, the first in 1986. In 1998 the species was found on three new and one old locality. The record from Heemstede (province of Noord-Holland) is among the northernmost in the European distribution of this species. Three of the four records originate from gardens.

Description: Chironomidae in newly created nature reserves In a newly created nature reserve near Eindhoven many interesting species of Chironomidae were found. Several new species to the Dutch fauna were identified and one species (of the genus Neozavrelia) proved to be new to science. The fauna of these young habitats is poorly known, but proves to be very interesting.

Description: A key to the European species of the Pteromalus altus group is presented. The relationship between this group and species of the genus Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) is confirmed. One new species: P. villosae, associated with Euphorbia villosa Waldst. & Kit.is presented. Two new species of the albipennis group: Pteromalus almeriensis and P. costulata are presented. In addition one species of the P. vibulenus group: P. tethys is added. Information on P. sylveni Hedqvist, P. osmiae Hedqvist and P. discors Graham is given.

Description: The species of Encarsia Foerster (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) known from Egypt are revised. A total of 14 species are treated, including one new species. E. indifferentis Mercet, 1929, is synonymised with E. inaron (Walker, 1839). All species are fully described or diagnosed, and illustrated. Host records, and species-distributions outside Egypt, are given.

Description: Interesting records of beetles in The Netherlands (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Nitidulidae, Dermestidae) Tachyporus quadriscopulatus Pandellé, 1869 has been recorded for the second time in the Netherlands at Arcen and Velden, province of Limburg. After 27 years, a third record of Carpophilus marginellus Motschulsky, 1858 can be reported from St. Geertruid, in the southern part of the province of Limburg. One specimen was found outdoors, in a wood. One specimen of Anthrenocerus australis Hope, 1843 was also found outdoors, in Oost- Maarland also in southern Limburg, sitting on a flower in a meadow.

Description: Butterflies in the Netherlands still under pressure (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) New information on the Dutch Rhopalocera fauna since the distribution atlas of Tax (1989) is presented. Coenonympha pamphilus was common in large parts of the Netherlands, but has declined dramatically. C. arcania is now formally extinct in our country. An extensive research showed that Maculinea alcon ericae has dissappeared from many sites. Furthermore the smallest of the two remaining populations of Heteropterus morpheus seems to have gone extinct. On the other hand, Callophrys rubi, has colonized new territory. Lampidus boeticus, was observed once as an adult and once a caterpillar was found between snow peas from Egypt. Colias croceus was very abundant in 1998. The reintroductions of Maculinea teleius and M. nausithous in 1990 appear to have been successful.

Description: The rearing of the botfly Cephenemyia auribarbis (Diptera: Oestridae) After several failures we finally succeeded in rearing botflies Cephenemyia from third-instar larvae. From a red deer shot at 13 March 1998 about one hundred larvae of Cephenemyia auribarbis (Meigen, 1824) were collected. Ten individuals reached the pupal stage. After 22 days, one fullgrown male died in the pupa, and two males emerged and lived for 17 and 18 days respectively. This is one of the few recorded succesful attempts to rear botflies.

Description: A new record of Chorthippus apricarius in the Netherlands (Orthoptera) Chorthippus apricarius is a very rare grasshopper in The Netherlands. Only three, very widely separated sites are known. In 1998 a small new population has been found in a roadside verge, 2 km southwest of the southernmost site in the south of the province of Limburg.

Description: Checklist of the Nitidulidae and Brachypteridae (Coleoptera) of the Netherlands and surrounding regions An annotated checklist of the Nitidulidae and Brachypteridae of the Netherlands and surrounding regions is presented, based mainly on literature research. Since the list of Brakman seven new species to the Netherlands have been published. One of these species, Pocadius adustus, is listed here for the first time. Major nomenclatorial changes, published elsewhere, have been implemented. The list contributes to the faunistic work of the European Invertebrate Survey - The Netherlands. A separate list of hostplants of the Nitidulidae and Brachypteridae is presented.

Description: Galeruca malakkana spec. nov., a new species is described from Malaysia.

Description: A new genus of the subfamily Alysiinae (Braconidae) is reported from South Africa (Bobekoides gen. nov.; type species: Bobekoides fulvus spec. nov.), illustrated, and described. A key to the species is added. The new genus is closely related to the East Palaearctic genus Hylcalosia Fischer, 1967.

Description: A synopsis of the genus Rhodopygia Kirby is given. Its species are discussed and their diagnostic morphological characters elucidated by figures. The hitherto unknown females of R. hinei Calvert and R. pruinosa Buchholz are described. A key to the species is provided.

Description: For the first time a gregarious parasitoid belonging to the genus Phaenocarpa Foerster, 1862 (Braconidae: Alysiinae) is reported, and described as P. helophilae spec. nov. from England. The first record of Chloropidae as host for a Phaenocarpa species is given; P. livida (Haliday, 1838) reared from Calamoncosis (Rhaphiopyga) glyceriae Nartshuk, 1958. Sathra debilis Foerster, 1862, is synonymised with P. livida (Haliday). Additionally, Phaenocarpa curticauda spec. nov. from The Netherlands is described and fully illustrated. A lectotype is designated for Alysia pectoralis Zetterstedt, 1838, and Phaenocarpa rufoflava Papp, 1968, is recognised as a valid species.

Description: The assassin bug genus Rasahus Amyot & Serville (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Peiratinae) comprises 26 Neotropical species. A cladistic analysis of the genus was carried out using 63 characters from external morphology, body vestiture, and male and female genitalia, with the species considered as terminal taxa. The analysis yielded 149 equally parsimonious cladograms, each with 206 steps, CI = 0.35, and RI = 0.60; the successive weighting procedure resulted in eight cladograms (CI = 0.79 and RI = 0.91). In the strict consensus cladogram, two major clades are delimited: one comprising the species R. rufiventris, R. hamatus, R. arcitenens, R. arcuiger, R. amapaensis, R. thoracicus, R. biguttatus, R. argentinensis, R. limai, R. grandis, and R. angulatus; and the other with R. castaneus, R. aeneus, R. scutellaris, R. maculipennis, R. brasiliensis, R. sulcicollis, R. surinamensis, R. albomaculatus, R. guttatipennis, R. atratus, R. peruensis, R. costarricensis, R. bifurcatus, R. flavovittatus, and R. paraguayensis. A cladistic biogeographic analysis of the provinces of the Neotropical subregion, considering distributional data of the species of Rasahus and three other genera of Peiratinae (Eidmannia, Melanolestes, and Thymbreus) was carried out. Four general area cladograms were obtained applying programs COMPONENT 2.0 and TASS. The most parsimonious general area cladogram (= implying fewer items of error) was obtained with COMPONENT 2.0 minimizing the number of leaves added, and shows the sequence (Desierto, (Caatinga, (Cerrado, (Chacoan, (Caribbean, Amazonian), (Paranaense, Atlantic))))). This sequence of area relationships is congruent with the history previously hypothesized for the subregion, where the development of an open vegetated diagonal (comprising the Chacoan, Cerrado, and Caatinga provinces) due to the aridification induced by the gradual uplift of the Andes, separated the former Amazonian forest in a northwestern part (Caribbean plus Amazonian provinces) and a southeastern part (Paranaense plus Atlantic provinces).

Description: Two new species of the genus Bentonia van Achterberg, 1992 (Braconidae: Orgilinae) (B. inca from Peru and B. xochiquetzalis from Mexico) are described and partly illustrated. A third undescribed species was found for which some characters are listed. The distribution of B. scutellaris van Achterberg, 1992, is extended west to Peru and B. longicornis van Achterberg, 1992, north to Venezuela. An identification key is added.