ALBERT

Description: Following Z-2 space suit testing that occurred from 2016-2017, the Exploration Extravehicular Mobility Unit (xEMU) Project was tasked with building a demonstration unit of the xEMU space suit to test on the International Space Station (ISS) in 2023. This suit is called xEMU Demonstration Suit (xEMU Demo). Based on feedback from astronauts during the Z-2 NBL test series, design changes were made, resulting in a new prototype suit called the Z-2.5 space suit. The design of the Z-2.5 space suit with an exploration Portable Life Support Systems (xPLSS) mock-up represents the architecture of xEMU Demo. The team is testing Z-2.5 in the NBL to evaluate this architecture and validate changes made from Z-2. The results will inform the xEMU Demo design going forward to its Preliminary Design Review (PDR) in the summer of 2019. This Z-2.5 NBL test series focuses on evaluating the microgravity performance of the suit and the ability to complete ISS-related tasks. The series is comprised of 10 manned runs and an unmanned corn-man run. Six test subjects, including four astronauts, will participate. The test objective is to evaluate ability xEMU Demo architecture to perform ISS microgravity tasks. Each crew members will complete both a familiarization run and a nominal EMU EVA timeline run. Qualitative and quantitative data will be collected to aid the assessment of the suit. Preliminary feedback from astronauts who have completed the test series evaluate the xEMU Demo architecture as acceptable to complete a demonstration mission on the ISS.

Description: A spacecraft water disinfection system, suitable for extended length space exploration missions, should prevent or control the growth of microbes, prevent or limit biofilm formation, and prevent microbiologically-influenced corrosion. In addition, the system should have minimal maintenance requirements, the effluent should be chemically compatible with all materials in contact with the water, be safe for human consumption, and suitable to be shared across international spacecraft platforms and mission architectures. Silver ions are a proven broad spectrum biocide. Silver is also the potable water biocide of choice for future exploration missions. Currently, the proposed method for implementing silver biocide in spacecraft systems relies on silver electrode technology to produce a controlled amount of silver ions. Unfortunately, electrolytic-based silver dosing presents multiple inherent challenges that affect performance and increase maintenance requirements over time. To decrease the risk of failure, an alternative silver biocide delivery method is needed. Control-release technology is an attractive option for developing a passive high-reliability silver dosing device. The concept of a nanoparticle/polyurethane (PU) composite foam for the controlled release of silver was prompted by the controlled release technology developed by NASA for the delivery of corrosion inhibitors and indicators. This paper presents the technical background and results from the synthesis and properties testing of the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)/PU composite foam that is being developed for use in spacecraft potable water systems.

Description: The development of engineering technologies and hardware for aerospace applications is often tracked on a 1-9 scale of readiness or TRL, with a "1" representing very basic or fundamental principles, and a "9" being flight tested, functional hardware. Preparing to grow crops for supplemental food and eventual life support contributions on space missions faces similar challenges. Nearly 20 years ago, the concept of a "crop readiness level" was suggested at a bioregenerative life support conference held at Kennedy Space Center, but there was little follow up to this. We propose to revive this concept to track the preparation and testing of different crop species for eventual use in the unique environment of space. For the sake of uniformity, we recommend a 1-9 scale, with a "1" being just the identification of a potential crop, followed by some basic horticultural testing, cultivars trials, then testing growth and yield under various controlled environments, progression to more space-like environments and hardware, understanding the nutritional, organoleptic, and food safety aspects of the crop, initial testing in space, and a final stage of growing the crop for food in space ("9"). We attempted to make the scaling logical and progressive, but our main goal is to initiate a dialogue in the space, plant research community to develop a scale for assessing crop readiness.

Description: A well-known hazard associated with exposure to the space environment is the risk of vehicle failure due to an impact from a micrometeoroid and orbital debris (MMOD) particle. Among the vehicles of importance to NASA is the extravehicular mobility unit (EMU) spacesuit used while performing a US extravehicular activity (EVA). An EMU impact is of great concern as a large leak could prevent an astronaut from safely reaching the airlock in time resulting in a loss of life. For this reason, a risk assessment is provided to the EVA office at the Johnson Space Center (JSC) prior to certification of readiness for each US EVA.

Description: No abstract available

Description: Human spaceflight logistics requirements are strongly driven by the daily living needs of the astronauts, including their biological functions. Oxygen, water and food are absolute requirements to sustain life and must be supplied at adequate rates. However, these rates can vary from day to day and from person to person. Beyond the body's immediate physical needs, water is also required for important health and hygiene functions within the spacecraft. Undesirable weight loss or gain aside, human waste product mass outputs will equal the inputs over time, resulting in an average astronaut mass balance. Best values, as well as range of variability for inputs and outputs are explored at both the individual physiological level and the spacecraft level. These values are important for design of life support and habitability systems as well as for mission planning of consumables. Current spacecraft life support systems are not fully closed loop, but the International Space Station (ISS) does recycle most of its air and water. The astronaut mass balances at the personal and vehicle level can have different impacts at different levels of system closure. Recommendations are made for a consistent set of values representing a realistic average astronaut mass balance over reasonable durations for exploration missions.

Description: This document is the final report resulting from the work conducted by undergraduate students at the University of South Alabama during the 2018/2019 academic year and was prepared by the undergraduate students. As NASA pushes the boundaries further into space, the current technologies within the various life support systems must be improved upon. One such improvement is needed to the current air revitalization systems, specifically sorbents that can capture CO2 more effectively from enclosed habitats. Ionic liquids (ILs) have been considered as absorbents for flue gas, but little research has been done to test the ability of ILs at ambient pressures and relatively low concentration of CO2. The experiment outlined below utilizes the task-specific ionic liquid, tetramethylammonium taurinate (TMN), in a commercial off the shelf absorption system to capture CO2. The CO2 stream is combined with nitrogen to produce an inlet gas concentration relevant to close air revitalization applications. At an inlet gas flow with a CO2 partial pressure of 3.8 torr the system was capable of removing just under 97% of the inlet CO2. The concentration of CO2 in the outlet stream, partial pressure 0.16 torr, was less than that of atmospheric air. The duty required to separate the absorbed gas from the ionic liquid as well to cool the ionic liquid to be reintroduced to the column were acquired utilizing laboratory cooling/heating baths. These results show that TMN may be an efficient candidate for consideration in closed air revitalization.

Description: Every day in aviation, pilots, air traffic controllers, and other front-line personnel perform countless correct judgments and actions in a variety of operational environments. These judgments and actions are often the difference between an accident and a non-event. Ironically, data on these behaviors are rarely collected or analyzed. Data-driven decisions about safety management and design of safety-critical systems are limited by the available data, which influence how decision makers characterize problems and identify solutions. Large volumes of data are collected on the failures and errors that result in infrequent incidents and accidents, but in the absence of data on behaviors that result in routine successful outcomes, safety management and system design decisions are based on a small sample of nonrepresentative safety data. This assessment aimed to find and document safety successes made possible by human operators. With many Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate (ARMD) Programs and Projects focusing on increased automation and autonomy and decreased human involvement, failure to fully consider the human contributions to successful system performance in civil aviation represents a significant risk a risk that has not been recognized to date. Without understanding how humans contribute to safety, any estimate of predicted safety of autonomous capabilities is incomplete and inherently suspect. Furthermore, understanding the ways in which humans contribute to safety can promote strategic interactions among safety technologies, functions, procedures and the people using them. Without this understanding, the full benefits of an integrated, optimized human/technology or autonomous system will not be realized. Historically, safety has been consistently defined in terms of the occurrence of accidents or recognized risks (i.e., in terms of things that go wrong). These adverse outcomes are explained by identifying their causes, and safety is restored by eliminating or mitigating these causes. An alternative to this approach is to focus on what goes right and identify how to replicate that process. Focusing on the rare cases of failures attributed to human error provides little information about why human performance routinely prevents adverse events. Hollnagel has proposed that things go right because people continuously adjust their work to match their operating conditions. These adjustments become increasingly important as systems continue to grow in complexity. Thus, the definition of safety should reflect not only avoiding things that go wrong but ensuring that things go right. The basis for safety management requires developing an understanding of everyday activities. However, few mechanisms to monitor everyday work exist in the aviation domain, which limits opportunities to learn how designs function in reality. This concept of safety thinking and safety management is reflected in the emerging field of resilience engineering. According to Hollnagel, a system is resilient if it can sustain required operations under expected and unexpected conditions by adjusting its functioning prior to, during, or following changes, disturbances, and opportunities. To explore positive behaviors that contribute to resilient performance in commercial aviation, the assessment team examined a range of existing sources of data about pilot and air traffic control (ATC) tower controller performance, including subjective interviews with domain experts and objective aircraft flight data records. These data were used to identify strategies that support resilient performance, methods for exploring and refining those strategies in existing data, and proposed methods for capturing and analyzing new data.

Description: This paper discusses the current focus of NASA's Advanced Space Suit Pressure Garment Technology Development team's efforts, the status of that work, and a summary of longer term technology development priorities and activities. The Exploration Extra-vehicular Activity Unit (xEMU) project's International Space Station Demonstration Suit (xEMU Demo) project continues to be the team's primary customer and effort. In 2018 the team was engaged in addressing hardware design changes identified in the Z-2 pressure garment prototype Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory (NBL) test results. These changes will be discussed. Additionally components whose first iterations were produced in 2018 will be discussed. A full pressure garment prototype, termed Z-2.5, was assembled that is composed of updated and first prototype iteration hardware. Z-2.5 NBL testing, performed from October 2018 through April 2019 will inform final design iterations in preparation for the xEMU Demo preliminary design review planned to occur in the third quarter of government fiscal year 2019. A primary objective of the Z-2.5 NBL testing is to validate changes made to the hard upper torso geometry, which depart from the planetary walking suit upper torso geometry that has been used over the last 30 years. The team continues to work technology development, with GFY2018 work being used to supplement and feed the gaps left by the scope defined for the xEMU Demo. Specifically, a Phase IIx Small Business Innovative Research Grant to mature durable bearings that are compatible with a dust environment and a grant funded by the Science Technology Mission Directorate, Lightweight and Robust Exploration Space Suit (LARESS) project, to mature planetary impact requirements and hardware will be described. Finally, a brief review of longer-term pressure garment challenges and technology gaps will be presented to provide an understanding of the advanced pressure garment team's technology investment priorities and needs.

Description: No abstract available

Description: Pleated panel filters offer a new commercial form factor for controlling VOCs in spacecraft cabin air. They differ from conventional commercial granular activated carbons because they have a lower pressure drop across the filter. A testbed was developed for evaluating the removal capacities of commercial pleated panel filters for NH3. The adsorptive capacity of a commercial cation-exchange pleated filter was compared versus the adsorptive capacities of two acid- impregnated activated carbons used for controlling ammonia in spacecraft cabin air.

Description: Silver has been selected as the forward disinfectant candidate for potable water systems in future space exploration missions. To develop a reliable antibacterial system that requires minimal maintenance, it is necessary to address relevant challenges to preclude problems for future missions. One such challenge is silver depletion in potable water systems. When in contact with various materials, silver ions can be easily reduced to silver metal or form insoluble compounds. The same chemical properties that make ionic silver a powerful antimicrobial agent also result in its quick inactivation or depletion in various environments. Different metal surface treatments, such as thermal oxidation and electropolishing, have been investigated for their effectiveness in reducing silver disinfectant depletion in potable water. However, their effects on the metal surface microstructure and chemical resistance have not often been included in the studies. This paper reports the effects of surface treatments on stainless steel 316 (SS316) exposed to potable water containing silver ion as a disinfectant. Early experimental results showed that thermal oxidation, when compared with electropolishing, resulted in a thicker oxide layer but compromised the corrosion resistance of SS316.

Description: Since the 1950s, mechanical counter-pressure (MCP) has been investigated as a possible alternative architecture to traditional extra-vehicular activity (EVA) suits. While traditional gas-pressurized EVA suits provide physiological protection against the ambient vacuum environment by means of pressurized oxygen to at least 3.1 psid, MCP provides protection by direct application of pressure on the skin by a fabric. In reviewing the concept, MCP offers distinct potential advantages to traditional EVA suits: lower mass, reduced consumables, increased mobility, increased comfort, less complexity, and improved failure modes. In addition, as basic feasibility was established in the 1960s with the successful testing of the Space Activity Suit, MCP seems poised to inevitably supplant traditional EVA architectures with a modest degree of concentrated development. However, as they say, "The devil is in the details". This paper serves as a comprehensive summary of the technical work that has been completed related to MCP from 1960 to 2019, the technical gaps that need to be closed to facilitate a flight-capable design, and outlines an overall development strategy that NASA feels would best address these gaps moving forward.

Description: No abstract available

Description: Cost-effective high reliability can be achieved in future space life support systems through careful systems analysis and design. This paper outlines a comprehensive approach. Potential future human space missions are described. The mission parameter impacts on life support system design and reliability requirements are discussed. Not all human space missions require high reliability life support. The potential reliability and cost of storage and of recycling life support systems are investigated. Simple storage systems can provide cost-effective high reliability life support where it is needed. More complex recycling systems with lower reliability and higher cost can be used when suitable.

Description: This presentation provides a status of the xEMU ISS Demo project and the approach to requirements definition related to certification and extensibility considerations.

Description: This presentation supports a Collaborative Discussion regarding industry's utilization of other NASA or external design standards and feedback and recommendations to support the possibility of an EVA suit standard.

Description: Mars is the crucial goal of human exploration beyond the Earth-moon system. The Mars round trip transit vehicle has been expected to use a regenerative Life Support System (LSS) similar to the one on the International Space Station (ISS). It often assumed that the Mars transit LSS will be operated on the outward trip to Mars, placed in dormancy while the full crew explores the surface, and then restored to operation for the return trip to Earth. The major difference between Mars missions and operations in the Earth-moon system is the need for much higher reliability for Mars missions, since rapid resupply of parts and materials or a quick crew return to Earth are not possible. Mars systems must achieve intrinsic high reliability by design, test, failure analysis, and redesign and then increase operational robustness by providing spare parts and redundant systems. Further requiring the LSS to be capable of dormancy and restoration to operation greatly increases the difficulty of design, test, and verification. The process of implementing dormancy and then restoring operation would add significant risk to the mission. Dormancy should be avoided for Mars and can be avoided several ways. First and most obvious, some crew can remain continually on board. If no crew can remain onboard, dormancy can still be avoided if an unused spare LSS is activated for the return trip, rather than restarting the used out bound system. Systems similar to the ISS LSS would have a significant probability of failure on a Mars trip and therefore would require two or three spares. Another full spare LSS could be provided as the return trip system, rather than refurbishing a used LSS.

Description: Recycling waste has been an issue on Earth for decades. The OSCAR project seeks to find ways to make sure that it does not become an issue in space. The main focus of OSCAR is the combustion of waste and reclamation of gaseous products in microgravity. The first phase of testing relies on a ground rig that operates both under normal (Earth) gravity and in drop tower tests that briefly simulate a microgravity environment. In the second phase, a test will be performed during a suborbital flight were the experiment will be carried out in microgravity. Throughout the spring term, interns have played an integral part in continuing the progress made by the project. They performed work in upgrading the electrical and mechanical systems that make up OSCAR. They made multiple improvements to the test rig's operating software to improve readability and usability. They prepared and edited documents that were vital to the engineering process. And, they were responsible for performing lab tests and refining the lab operations document and procedure. The interns were a big help in maintaining the rigorous test schedule. OSCAR, which stands for Orbital Syngas Commodity Augmentation Reactor, is to find a way to turn astronaut waste into chemical energy. The two parts of this are important: finding a way to dispose of waste generated in space, and seeing if there is a way to recycle that waste into chemical energy. The importance of the disposal aspect is that there is currently no way to dispose of, or recycle, waste that is created in space other than jettisoning it (which is what the ISS does via empty supply capsules). As manned missions go deeper into space, that method will no longer be viable, as a craft would essentially be littering the space and planets that they visit. Energy reclamation is also important because of the high monetary and spatial costs of sending supplies on space missions. Every little bit extra that can be reused out of what is sent can save room and funds for other supplies. The facet of this problem that the OSCAR project is focusing on is how to combust waste in zero gravity. Combustion in the presence of gravity is one of those things that is taken for granted. When something burns on Earth, the flames rise above the fuel as oxygen flows from underneath. In microgravity, the flames surround the object completely, which restricts the amount of oxygen that can reach the fuel, and retards the combustion. OSCAR uses a vortex reaction chamber to counter this phenomenon. The OSCAR test rig will eventually be tested on a suborbital flight to see if it is an effective solution to the issue in real-world conditions. Currently, there is a prototype test rig that is fully functional. This rig has been previously tested in a 2 second drop test at Glenn Research Centers (GRC) Zero Gravity Facility (ZGF). (The free-fall conditions of the drop mimic microgravity, if only for a brief period of time). This sessions focus was on upgrading the test rig and software, updating the paperwork, performing additional lab tests, and readying the rig for the five second drop test, again at GRC. II. Upgrades The state of the testing rig at the start of the session was in between its configurations for the two second drop tower and the five second drop tower. The rig needed upgrades to address various insufficiencies that either were discovered during the two second campaign or were a direct result of the differences between the two drop tower setups. The main differences that had to be handled were the increase in shock loads from 30g to 65g, a difference in drop indicating signal (on the falling edge of a pulse instead of a change from high to low), and the ambient pressure of the test apparatus (the two second tower dropped the rig in atmosphere, while the five second tower drops in vacuum).

Description: Since the 1950s, mechanical counter-pressure (MCP) has been investigated as a possible alternative design concept to traditional extra-vehicular activity (EVA) space suits. While traditional gas-pressurized EVA suits provide physiological protection against the ambient vacuum by means of pressurized oxygen to at least 3.1 pounds per square inch absolute (160 millimeters of mercury), MCP provides protection by direct application of pressure on the skin by a fabric. In reviewing the concept, MCP offers distinct potential advantages to traditional EVA suits: lower mass, reduced consumables, increased mobility, increased comfort, less complexity, and improved failure modes. In the mid 1960s to early 1970s, Dr. Paul Webb of Webb Associates developed and tested such a suit under funding from NASA Langley Research Center. This "Space Activity Suit" (SAS) was improved many times while testing in the laboratory and an altitude chamber to as low as 0.3 pounds per square inch absolute (15 millimeters of mercury). This testing, and the reports by Webb documenting it, are often presented as evidence of the feasibility of MCP. In addition, the SAS reports contain a wealth of information regarding the physiological requirements to make MCP work at the time, which is still accurate today. This paper serves to document the Space Activity Suit effort and analyze it in today's context.

Description: In 2017, our team investigated and evaluated the novel concept of operations of astronaut self-scheduling (rescheduling their own timeline without creating violations) onboard International Space Station (ISS). Five test sessions were completed for this technology demonstration called Crew Autonomous Scheduling Test (CAST). For the first time in a spaceflight operational environment, an ISS crewmember planned, rescheduled, and executed their activities in real-time on a mobile device while abiding by flight and scheduling constraints. This paper discusses the lessons learned from deployment to execution.

Description: Historically, competitions and prizes such as those executed by the NASA Centennial Challenges (CC) program have created broader avenues through which to spur innovation from unlikely sources. In 2005, Congress amended the National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 to authorize NASA to create challenges through which prizes could be awarded to United States citizens or entities that succeeded in meeting the challenge objectives. Over the past 13 years, the CC program has initiated more than 19 challenges in a variety of technology areas, including propulsion, robotics, communications and navigation, human health, science instrumentation, nanotech, materials/structures and aerodynamics. This paper will discuss the status and the accomplishments of the CC program and discuss results of an ideation process designed to identify and formulate topics for a potential Centennial Challenge competition targeting a life support technology gap for future long-term exploration missions. Status of this challenge formulation process with information on how to use crowdsourcing tools will be discussed. An overview of the CC Programs accomplishments, including strategic objectives, past challenges, and current challenge development and execution. This program exemplifies the values that have formed the bedrock of the culture at NASA since the beginning: innovation, imagination, and a passion for exploration.

Description: On the International Space Station (ISS) there are currently two toilets. One is located in the Russian Service Module and the other is located in the U.S. segment's Node 3. A new Exploration Toilet will be integrated next to the existing Node 3 Waste and Hygiene Compartment (WHC). The Toilet will be evaluated as a technology demonstration for a minimum of three years. In addition, it will support an increase in ISS crew size due to Commercial Crew flights to ISS. The Toilet is designed to minimize mass and volume for Orion, the first Exploration vehicle. Currently ISS does not have a designated volume for an additional Toilet. Furthermore, operating the Toilet on ISS presents a different set of challenges as it must integrate into existing vehicle systems for urine processing. To integrate the Toilet on ISS, a suite of hardware was developed to provide mechanical, electrical, data, and fluid interfaces. This paper will provide an overview of the Toilet Integration Hardware design as well as the engineering challenges, crew interface provisions and vehicle integration complexities encountered during the concept and design phases.

Description: As the agency focuses on lunar missions, it is important to revisit the human factors and behavioral performance (HFBP) challenges for long duration exploration missions. We outline the important factors from the Apollo program, the long duration experience gained onboard International Space Station (ISS), and HFBP research applicable to exploration-class missions.

Description: The Extravehicular Activity (EVA) Framework for Exploration describes NASA's EVASystem Goals in the broader context of ongoing human spaceflight efforts. The purpose of thisdocument is to drive integration, coordination and communication of the EVA community'sexploration development plans as crafted to meet long-term EVA needs. Inclusive in the EVAcommunity are NASA partners in academia and industry. The 2019 EVA Framework outlinesthe office's current method to answer the following questions: What product does NASA useto compare, contrast and integrate across the elements of the EVA community's perceivedgaps, risks, and unfunded work, particularly for future systems intended for use beyond LowEarth Orbit (LEO)? What product does NASA use to proactively coordinate support acrossthe EVA community's wide spectrum of exploration development work? Where can one go toobtain awareness of ongoing efforts, particularly during consideration of new-start activitiesand proposals? These questions lead to the need for a product that speaks to the distributednature of the EVA System across human spaceflight programs, concept studies and flightvehicle architectural elements. This framework can be used and evaluated by the EVAcommunity to assess the full spectrum of needs and answer the question of "what are wemissing" or "are we doing things that just do not make sense". In the end is the EVAcommunity effectively pursuing the future needs of EVA? If answers to those questions revealthe need for change or re-prioritization then actions can be taken through existing projectcontrol processes as well as revision to this document and supporting project plans.

Description: A review of NASA's bioregenerative life support research will be presented along with testing related to Mars greenhouse or plant growth systems.

Description: The BioBot concept consists of a robotic rover which is capable of traversing the same terrain as a spacesuited human. It carries the primary life support system for the astronaut, including consumables, atmosphere revitalization systems (e.g., CO2 scrubbing, humidity and temperature management, ventilation fan), power system (e.g., battery, power management and distribution),and thermal control system (e.g., water sublimator, cooling water pump), along with umbilical lines to connect to the supported astronaut. Although not technically part of life support, it would be logical for the BioBot to also provide long-range communications, video monitoring, tool and sample transport, and other functions to enable and enhance EVA productivity in planetary surface exploration.The design reference scenario for this concept is that astronauts involved in future lunar or Mars exploration will be on the surface for weeks or months rather than days, and will be involved in regular EVA operations. It is not unreasonable to think of geologists spending several days inEVA exploration each week over a prolonged mission duration, with far more ambitious operational objectives than were typical of Apollo. In this scenario, each astronaut will be accompanied by a "BioBot", which will transport their life support system and consumables, an extended umbilical and umbilical reel, and robotic systems capable of controlling the position and motion of the umbilical. The astronaut will be connected to the robot via the umbilical, carrying only a small emergency open-loop life support system similar to those contained in every PLSS. The robotic mobility base will be designed to be capable of traveling anywhere the astronaut can walk, and will also be useful as a transport for the EVA tools, science instrumentation, and collected samples. In addition, the BioBot can potentially carry the astronaut on traverses as well. Such a system will also be a significant enhancement to public engagement in these future exploration missions, as the robotic vehicles can also support high-resolution cameras and high bandwidth communications gear to providehigh-definition video coverage of each crew throughout each EVA sortie.

Description: Future Exploration missions will require an Oxygen Generation Assembly (OGA) to electrolyze water to supply oxygen for crew metabolic consumption. The system design will be based on the International Space Station (ISS) OGA but with added improvements based on lessons learned during ISS operations and technological advances since the original OGA was designed and built. These improvements will reduce system weight, crew maintenance time and spares mass while increasing reliability. Currently, the design team is investigating the feasibility of the upgrades by performing ground tests and analyses. Upgrades being considered include: redesign of the electrolysis cell stack, deletion of the hydrogen dome, replacement of the hydrogen sensors, deletion of the wastewater interface, redesign of the recirculation loop deionizing bed and redesign of the cell stack Power Supply Module. The upgrades will be first demonstrated on the ISS OGA.

Description: The Advanced Concepts Office needed human factors analyses on various hatches for future deep space modules. The current standard is the 32" hatch, and the goal of this analysis was to assess this hatch size compared to larger sizes for egress, logistics, and safety.

Description: NASA Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Human Factors Engineering (HFE) Team is implementing virtual reality (VR) and motion capture (MoCap) into HFE analyses of various projects through its Virtual Environments Lab (VEL). These techniques are being implemented for concept of development of Deep Space Habitats (DSH) and design and analyses for NASAs Space Launch System (SLS). VR utilization in the VEL will push the design to be better formulated before mockups are constructed, saving budget and time.

Description: No abstract available

Description: Methane and carbon monoxide are gaseous contaminants commonly found in a crewed spacecrafts cabin environment that are of interest to trace contaminant control equipment design. Generation sources include crew metabolism and equipment offgassing. Sources and generation rates of methane and carbon monoxide aboard the International Space Station (ISS) are examined. Cabin atmosphere concentration dynamics covering 19 years of ISS crewed operations are presented and correlation with octafluoropropane (Freon 218) concentration levels is analyzed.

Description: MSFCs Human Factors Engineering (HFE) team is responsible for all worksite analyses performed for the SLS pre-launch integration activities at Kennedy Space Center (KSC). There is a wide variety of tasks associated with pre-launch integration activities and it is important to verify that vehicle integration will be successful early in the design process. The VR work performed by the HFE team at MSFC has allowed fast changing layouts to be analyzed by various departments with minimal impact to cost or schedule. Implementing these methods for SLS allows for VR use in early design cycles, saving time and budget. Utilizing the resulting HFE analyses improves usability and safety. Ultimately, the goal is to provide a safe environment for the technicians assembling the vehicle and the astronaut crew at launch.

Description: No abstract available

Description: No abstract available

Description: Spacesuits allow humans to function in an incredibly harsh environment. However, they introduce some restrictions to human capabilities. In general, crewmembers in a spacesuit have a restricted maximal reach envelope, reduced field of view, and reduced tactility. When tasks and interfaces are being designed, they need to take into account the restrictions associated with working in an Extravehicular Activity (EVA) suit.

Description: No abstract available

Description: Long-duration space missions will eventually require a fresh food supply to supplement crew diets, which means growing crops in space. The Passive Orbital Nutrient Delivery System (PONDS) is a new plant growth approach that contains both an area for a contained substrate and a reservoir for water and/or plant nutrient solutions. Ground studies have shown that the system facilitates both reliable water delivery to seeds for germination (e.g., while avoiding overwatering), and transport of water from the reservoir for improved plant growth while providing nutrients and oxygen to the root zone. In ground prototypes a capillary mat wicking material passively links the water/nutrient solution reservoir to a removable rooting module containing a substrate adapted to support plant growth. Oxygen permeable membranes are incorporated into both the reservoir walls and the rooting modules, bringing in oxygen from outside of the system into the reservoir and then into the rooting modules where the plant roots proliferate. Water is delivered from the reservoir to the substrate contained within the rooting module through the use of wicking material inserted into the plant growth substrate both from the bottom and from the sides of the rooting module. The capillary mat material is intrinsically hydrophilic and continuously wicks water to the substrate throughout the plant growth interval. The system is therefore self-watering in terms of supplying water to the root zone encompassed within the rooting module on demand. At the top, a hydrophilic phenolic foam plug surrounds the wick in the seed insertion zone, and both contains the substrate within the rooting module, and facilitates removal of excess moisture from the capillary mat wick before it can encompass seeds prior to germination. This work is supported by NASAs Space Life and Physical Sciences and Research Applications Division (SLPSRAD).

Description: Long-term planetary space missions present new and unique challenges in life-support systems. Water constitutes the majority of the mass required to sustain human life in space and it follows that efficient water recycling has the potential to lower mission costs. The effect of partial gravity in planetary missions mean that terrestrial systems could be applicable. This trade study evaluates terrestrial and NASA developed water recycling technologies on the basis of applicability as a planetary base water recycling systems. Various bioreactors, membrane reactors, filtration, and district water reclamation systems are investigated and rated based on several standardized parameters. A customer-oriented Quality Function Deployment (QFD) is utilized to analyze the ratings of the technologies for the tasks required. The trade study aims to rank the various systems based on their Equivalent System Mass (ESM), Technology Readiness Level (TRL), scalability, crew time, and overall logistics requirements, among others. The results of the study can serve as a basis for future inquiries and studies by NASA and other interested parties. The results of this study provide a down selection from 24 systems to 5 systems that trade very close to each other. The results provide a context and justification for a future comparative hardware test program to determine which of these systems offer the best solution.

Description: Use of a Sabatier reactor to recover the oxygen from the carbon dioxide exhaled by the crew on the International Space Station has been limited by the loss of the hydrogen contained in the methane it generates. Maximizing the oxygen recovered requires the hydrogen to be recovered from the methane product and recycled back to the Sabatier reactor. We describe the use of a tailored methane pyrolysis reactor to completely recover this hydrogen. The carbon-containing byproduct is elemental carbon, which is generated in the form of easily handled, non-sooty material that may have various uses. The process of creating this tailored carbon vapor deposition process involved exploration of the effects of temperature, pressure, substrate design and other variables to develop a high yield process that cleanly generates the desired products. Reaction kinetics and kinetics modelling were used to specify the temperature, pressure and reactor volume required to achieve the target conversion and to assure that the final average density was as high as possible. Reactor design included the selection of materials that will survive the high temperatures and environment in the pyrolysis reactor, and thermal modeling to achieve the required temperatures with minimum power consumption. The successful construction and demonstration of a brassboard prototype will allow the results of the chemical, thermal and mechanical models to be validated and should provide a useful alternative for a completely closed loop ECLS system. Integration of this technology with state-of-the-art (SOA) Sabatier hardware on ISS requires a complete understanding of the effects of impurities in the product hydrogen on the Sabatier catalyst. SOA Sabatier catalyst was evaluated over short and long-term exposure to anticipated contaminants to identify effects.

Description: The NASA Docking System (NDS) is a 31.4961-inch (800 mm) diameter circular hatch for astronauts to pass through when docked to other pressurized elements in space or for entrance or egress on surface environments. The NDS is utilized on the Orion Spacecraft and has been implemented as the International Docking System Standard (IDSS). The EV74 Human Factors Engineering (HFE) Team at NASAs Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) conducted human factors analyses with various hatch shapes and sizes to accommodate for all astronaut anthropometries and daily task comfort. It is believed that the hatch, approximately 32 inches, is too small, and a bigger hatch size would better accommodate most astronauts. In order to conduct human factors analyses, four participants were gathered based on anthropometry percentiles: 1st female, 5th female, 95th male, and 99th male.

Description: As next-generation space exploration missions necessitate increasingly autonomous systems, there is a critical need to better detect and anticipate crewmember interactions with these systems. The success of present and future autonomous technology in exploration spaceflight is ultimately dependent upon safe and efficient interaction with the human operator. Optimal interaction is particularly important for surface missions during highly coordinated extravehicular activity (EVA), which consists of high physical and cognitive demands with limited ground support. Crew functional state may be affected by a number of variables including workload, stress, and motivation. Real-time assessments of crew state that do not require a crewmembers time and attention to complete will be especially important to assess operational performance and behavioral health during flight. In response to the need for objective, passive assessment of crew state, the aim of this work is to develop an accurate and precise prediction model of human functional state for surface EVA using multi-modal psychophysiological sensing. The psychophysiological monitoring approach relies on extracting a set of features from physiological signals and using these features to classify an operators cognitive state. This work aims to compile a non-invasive sensor suite to collect physiological data in real-time. Training data during cognitive and more complex functional tasks will be used to develop a classifier to discriminate high and low cognitive workload crew states. The classifier will then be tested in an operationally relevant EVA simulation to predict cognitive workload over time. Once a crew state is determined, further research into specific countermeasures, such as decision support systems, would be necessary to optimize the automation and improve crew state and operational performance.

Description: NASA has identified the need for robust and sustainable Pick-and-Eat systems for supplementing crew diets with fresh leafy green crops in near-term LEO (Low Earth Orbit), cislunar, and lunar missions. Spaceflight plant growth systems have been primarily designed for conducting space biology studies, but these systems are not optimal for sustained food production. Improved water and nutrient delivery subsystems that do not use bulky and non-reusable media are needed for decreasing the mass of the food production system. Autonomous technologies for monitoring plant health and food safety are needed for ensuring that the food produced is suitable supplementing crew diets with fresh, nutritious salad crops. Improved plant imaging techniques used for high-throughput phenotyping can be leveraged for monitoring plant health. Near-real-time measurements of the microbial ecology of food production systems are needed for assessing food safety. Furthermore, newly identified plant species and cultivars with improved growth habits and contents of antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals when grown in spaceflight environmental conditions are needed. These improvements in food production technologies will enable the design of sustainable life support systems for manned exploration missions beyond Low Earth Orbit.

Description: The presentation describes the NASA effort to upgrade and develop new technologies for demonstration of Exploration class life support systems on the International Space Station. It addresses key areas of emphasis for life support system improvement, integration of the system into the ISS vehicle, and a high level schedule for overall execution.

Description: Spacesuits are critical to performing spacewalks or EVA, however can increase injury risks due to - Spacesuit Fit Concerns: Astronauts come from a diverse population; Improper suit fit will result in persistent contact and mechanical pressure on the body. - Altered Biomechanics: Mechanical constraints and pressurization can make it difficult due to - Reduced range of motion, Reduced strength capability. To improve suit design and mitigate injuries, kinematic and geometric measurements are required during EVA evaluations - Human motions inside a spacesuit may not coincide with the suit motions: Spacesuit configurations do not exactly match with human anatomical joints; Gaps/paddings inside the suit induce lags between human motion and suit motion - Conventional motion capture or 3-D scanning techniques are difficult to use to measure internal motion: Optical occlusions; Volume restrictions; Ferrous magnetic interference.

Description: Crewmembers' ability to adjust to changes in gravity and sensorimotor function is essential for successful suited mobility in lunar and planetary missions. Setups for current pressurized spacesuit testing require suit technicians, specialized medical clearances, and test support personnel along with increased risk to the subject. Furthermore, suited setups constrain the types of additional hardware that can be used. A test bed was developed with the goal to evaluate human suited performance using an unpressurized Mark III mockup suit and virtual reality (VR) system.

Description: Crewmembers' ability to adjust to changes in gravity and sensorimotor function is essential for successful suited mobility in lunar and planetary missions. Setups for current pressurized spacesuit testing require suit technicians, specialized medical clearances, and test support personnel along with increased risk to the subject. Furthermore, suited setups constrain the types of additional hardware that can be used. A test bed was developed with the goal to evaluate human suited performance using an unpressurized Mark III mockup suit and virtual reality (VR) system. The mockup suit provides a means of performing proof-of-concept tasks for suited performance with lower time and cost demands. Additionally, VR goggles provide a means for projecting an immersive planetary environment and applying perturbations to the visuo-vestibular system with minimal equipment. Furthermore, the test bed will be developed to allow room for improvement in fidelity for future suited applications.

Description: No abstract available

Description: A well-known hazard associated with exposure to the space environment is the risk of failure from an impact from a meteoroid and orbital debris (MMOD) particle. An extravehicular mobility unit (EMU) spacesuit impact during a US extravehicular activity (EVA) is of great concern as a large leak could prevent an astronaut from safely reaching the airlock in time resulting in a loss of life. A risk assessment is provided to the EVA office at the Johnson Space Center (JSC) by the Hypervelocity Impact Technology (HVIT) group prior to certification of readiness for each US EVA. Need to understand the effect of updated meteoroid and orbital debris environment models to EMU risk.

Description: The allowable leakage rate for space hardware is typically specified as scc/sec of helium. It is important to be able to use the measured helium leakage rate to calculate the expected leakage rate of the working fluid. In this U.S. Spacesuit Knowledge Capture seminar, Dr. Eugene Ungar will explore the physical configuration of typical leak paths, discuss the physics of molecular, transition, and continuum flow, and present the accepted method of conservatively calculating the expected leakage rate of the working fluid.

Description: No abstract available

Description: Aerobic biological stabilization has been previously demonstrated for full size MABR?s (CoMANDR 1.0, CoMANDR 2.0, and R-CoMANDR) over operating periods of ~1 year. These systems have successfully treated a variety of possible habitation waste streams including an ISS (urine + flush and humidity condensate) and Early Planetary Base (EPB) wastewater (urine, flush water, hygiene wastewater, and laundry). Biological stabilization has a number of advantages including: 1) elimination of hazardous pre-treat chemicals; 2) production of NOx species (that can be easily rejected by evaporative or membrane systems); 3) elimination of volatile organic constituents; 4) a low pH effluent that facilitates membrane and distillation processes; and 5) a effluent that produces a better quality and less hazardous brine for water recovery. Previous work has primarily evaluated aerobic operation in which organic carbon and nitrogen is converted to CO2 and NOx-, respectively. An alternative to aerobic operation would be to include anoxic operation to promote denitrification and production of N2 gas. This allows for production of make-up gas as well as reduces the O2 demand and can increase ammonia oxidation efficiency. We evaluated the operation of a full scale (2 crew/day) MABR operated to perform oxidation of organic carbon and nitrogen with and without simultaneous reduction of oxidized N to N2 gas, simultaneous nitrification denitrification (SNDN). The system was challenged with a variety of space habitation wastewaters ranging from an ISS composition to a possible EPB waste stream under both continuous and on-production feeding modes. The system has been operated for over 2.5 years. We report on an overall comparison of aerobic oxidation and SNDN operational regimes to evaluate the system with the best overall attributes to support recycling of space habitation waste streams.

Description: On the International Space Station (ISS) there are currently two toilets. One is located in the Russian segment's Service Module and the other is located in the U.S. segment's Node 3. A new Exploration Toilet will be integrated next to the existing Node 3 Waste and Hygiene Compartment (WHC). The Toilet will be evaluated as a technology demonstration for a minimum of three years. In addition, it will support an increase in ISS crew size due to Commercial Crew flights to ISS. The Toilet is designed to minimize mass and volume for Orion, the first Exploration vehicle. Currently ISS does not have a designated volume for an additional Toilet. Furthermore, operating the Toilet on ISS presents a different set of challenges as it must integrate into existing vehicle systems for urine processing. To integrate the Toilet on ISS, a suite of hardware was developed to provide mechanical, electrical, data, and fluid interfaces. This paper will provide an overview of the Toilet Integration Hardware design as well as the engineering challenges, crew interface provisions and vehicle integration complexities encountered during the concept and design phases.

Description: United States On-Orbit Segment (USOS) crew members aboard the International Space Station (ISS) are each furnished with a Crew Quarters that serves as their personal private space for the duration of their expedition. Within these quarters, crew members use sleeping bags to provide a comfortable environment that is conducive to sleeping in microgravity. Microgravity presents unique challenges to obtaining good sleep. Sleep position preferences which are influenced by gravity are disturbed when the feeling is absent while other environmental factors prevent the familiar feeling of lying in bed. NASA developed a new US Sleeping Bag for USOS crew members launching aboard United States Crewed Vehicles (USCVs), using this opportunity to improve upon the current sleeping bag design based on lessons learned from years of living and working in space. The US Sleeping Bag design was based on the current sleeping bag's design with enhancements to key features based on feedback from crew members and sleep study experts at the Johnson Space Center and the Ames Research Center. Key areas of improvement include facilitating thermal comfort in the warm Crew Quarters environment, ease of maintenance when replacing the inner lining, allowing for maximum versatility for adjustment to crew preference, and adding features for additional functionality such as accommodations for a pillow. Two US Sleeping Bags have flown aboard the ISS to date, utilized by veteran crew members who have experience with the existing sleeping bags and have provided feedback and comparisons for assessment. Enabling good sleep is essential for crew member health and productivity, especially in longer duration expeditions. This paper will detail the challenges with sleeping in microgravity and the enhancements made in development of the US Sleeping Bag to provide a better on-orbit sleep environment.

Description: NASA is developing a waste management system for use in a pressurizable space suit for future Orion missions. Driven by Orion's cabin depress operational scenario, specific life support equipment is needed for crew survival. Immediate life-sustaining resources can be provided by the Orion launch and entry suit as a pressurizable safe haven. Before long, though, the crew would also need an appropriate waste management system to maintain their crew health in a confined environment, especially over multiple days. Long-duration waste management hardware for use with a space suit has not been designed or utilized since the Apollo program, and there are numerous technical challenges associated with its implementation. In conjunction both NASA's Orion Crew Survival Systems (OCSS) and Omni Medical Systems are addressing such challenges through their on-going hardware design efforts to support future Orion missions. This paper details some of the initial design and testing efforts that have been completed while discussing the major challenges that have arisen in the process.

Description: NASA's mission for manned long- duration space exploration drives the research for crop selection to provide a nutritious and safe supplement to an astronaut's diet. Understanding plant growth, health, and the associated microbial communities in closed environments will be critical to the success of this mission. Cultivation of crops in closed controlled environment agricultural systems may limit microbial colonization and reduce diversity of the microbial communities. Furthermore, practices like seed and growth medium sanitization may impact microbial communities in the mature plant and the capacity to limit the growth of food borne pathogens through competition.

Description: As more and more electric vehicles emerge in our daily operation progressively, a very critical challenge lies in the prediction of remaining driving-time distance (for cars) or flying time-distance (for aircraft). This information is important, particularly in the case of unmanned vehicles, because such vehicles can become self-aware, autonomously compute its own capabilities, and identify how to best plan and successfully complete vehicular missions safely. In case of electric aircrafts, computing remaining flying time is also safety-critical, since an aircraft that runs out of power (battery charge) while in the air will eventually lose control leading to catastrophe. In order to tackle and solve the prediction problem, it is essential to have awareness of the current state and health of the system, especially since it is necessary to perform condition-based predictions. To be able to predict the future state of the system, it is also required to possess knowledge of the current and future operations of the vehicle.

Description: This document serves as the Final Report for Iowa State University's Space Habitat group to fulfill the specifications of NASA's eXploration Systems and Habitation (X-Hab) 2019 Academic Innovation Challenge for the 'Implementation of Advanced Sorbents in a Carbon Dioxide Management Unit' portion of the challenge. The scope of this document includes a description of the current Carbon Dioxide management systems implemented on ISS, a description of the groups design, a description of the operational environment and scenarios, risks and mitigations, performance and testing results of the system, outreach, and future work.

Description: Use of a Sabatier reactor to recover the oxygen from the carbon dioxide exhaled by the crew on the International Space Station has been limited by the loss of the hydrogen contained in the methane it generates. Maximizing the oxygen recovered requires the hydrogen to be recovered from the methane product and recycled back to the Sabatier reactor. We describe the use of a tailored methane pyrolysis reactor to completely recover this hydrogen. The carbon-containing byproduct is elemental carbon, which is generated in the form of easily handled, non-sooty material that may have various uses. The process of creating this tailored carbon vapor deposition process involved exploration of the effects of temperature, pressure, substrate design and other variables to develop a high yield process that cleanly generates the desired products. Reaction kinetics and kinetics modelling were used to specify the temperature, pressure and reactor volume required to achieve the target conversion and to assure that the final average density was as high as possible. Reactor design included the selection of materials that will survive the high temperatures and environment in the pyrolysis reactor, and thermal modeling to achieve the required temperatures with minimum power consumption. The successful construction and demonstration of a brassboard prototype will allow the results of the chemical, thermal and mechanical models to be validated and should provide a useful alternative for a completely closed loop ECLS system. Integration of this technology with state-of-the-art (SOA) Sabatier hardware on ISS requires a complete understanding of the effects of impurities in the product hydrogen on the Sabatier catalyst. SOA Sabatier catalyst was evaluated over short and long-term exposure to anticipated contaminants to identify effects.

Description: NASA Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Human Factors Engineering (HFE) Team is implementing virtual reality (VR) and motion capture (MoCap) into HFE analyses of various projects through its Virtual Environments Lab (VEL). VR allows for multiple analyses early in the design process and more opportunities to give design feedback. This tool can be used by engineers in most disciplines to compare design alternatives and is particularly valuable to HFE to give early input during these evaluations. These techniques are being implemented for concept development of Deep Space Habitats (DSH), and work is being done to implement VR for design aspects of the Space Launch System (SLS). VR utilization in the VEL will push the design to be better formulated before mockups are constructed, saving budget and time. The MSFC VEL will continue forward leaning implementation with VR technologies in these and other projects for better models earlier in the design process.

Description: On board the International Space Station, particulate HEPA filters known as Bacterial Filter Elements (BFE's) are used as the main ventilation filters on the US modules. They consist of two stages of filtration, a static screen filter and a HEPA filter element. Historically, these filters have performed well during the life of the ISS. However, as NASA sets its sights towards mission beyond low earth orbit, or deep space, more capable filters requiring minimal maintenance will be essential because of the nature of these remote and of long duration missions. Therefore NASA is currently developing new filter systems for these mission. One of the filter designs being considered is a new filter system, coined the Scroll BFE. This filter provides two stages of filtration. The first stage is a pre-filter stage using a roll of screen media on a motorized spooling, or scrolling, mechanism to automate the change-out of the screen media in the flow. The second and finishing stage is a static HEPA filter element similar to the ones used on the ISS BFE's. The volume and dimensional format of the filter matches that of the ISS BFE which facilitates is deployment as potential future flight technology demonstration on board the ISS. Ground tests are underway to assess the filter system's performance under industrial standard test protocols applied in a custom designed filtration test stand. In addition, a method of generating relevant particulate matter loads, such as loose fibrous matter, is also being devised to challenge the filter in testing. The latter test challenge will help determine the pre-filter's capacity for handling layers of lint, or fibrous, particulate matter. Early results confirm HEPA efficiency performance of the HEPA stage. This paper will present the results of ground testing of the Scroll Filter System prototype.

Description: No abstract available

Description: The International Space Station (ISS) gives a 6-member astronaut crew the ability to live and work in low Earth orbit. It is a unique indoor environment, which has served as both home and workplace to over 230 people since the year 2000. In this low gravity environment, smoke does not rise and cookie crumbs do not settle the way they do on Earth, causing airborne particulate matter, or aerosols, to behave differently and pose unique hazards for crew members. In its existence, virtually the same volume of ISS air has been continuously conditioned and revitalized, including the removal of particles by filtration. While gaseous constituents of ISS air are monitored meticulously, sparse data exists on the indoor aerosols. The quantity and types of ISS airborne debris have been investigated in NASAs Aerosol Sampling Experiment. Both active and passive samplers successfully collected airborne particulate matter in U.S. segments of the ISS, which were returned to Earth for characterization by microscopy and other techniques. The resulting data has informed the design of candidate particle instruments for spacecraft. In 2020, a reference-quality aerosol instrument will be flown to ISS, and will provide real-time data of particle concentrations in various modules. Smaller, more compact instruments will be necessary in future space missions, for example, in smaller vehicles, in habitats on lunar and planetary surfaces with ubiquitous dust, and also for use as wearable technology throughout missions. Miniaturized aerosol sensors, though lower fidelity than reference-quality instruments, can monitor the environment well when calibrated appropriately. Indoor air quality in spacecraft is fundamentally important to human health and comfort, and several particulate monitoring technologies will be at sufficient technology readiness levels for operational use within the next two years. Results of the Aerosol Sampling Experiment will be presented, along with the status of NASAs aerosol instrument technology demonstrations on ISS.

Description: No abstract available

Description: No abstract available

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Description: What if one existing work domain could be leveraged to inform an instantiation of a second type of work domain? This is the question that informed a three year NASA-funded study, SUBSEA (Systematic Underwater Biogeochemical Science and Exploration Analog), on the use of ocean science and exploration via telepresence as an analog for future human-robot spaceflight. SUBSEA included two field programs performed in 2018 and 2019. Each was comprised of a multidisciplinary team of natural scientists studying deep-sea venting sites in tandem with a team of social scientists conducting work ethnography to understand the existing ocean exploration domain. This paper presents results from the 2018 field program which includes analyses that were required to generate specific flight-like conditions for the 2019 field program.

Description: We have investigated and evaluated a novel concept of operations for human spaceflight: allowing astronauts to manage and schedule their own timeline. In order to evaluate this self-scheduling concept of operations, we have designed, implemented, and field-tested astronaut-centric planning and scheduling aid. Our mobile-based software aid, Playbook, has been used in a variety of Earth analogs as well as onboard the International Space Station. We will demonstrate the unique Playbook features that we have developed based on research findings during field testing that facilitate planning and scheduling in extreme environments.

Description: This report describes research conducted under Cooperative Agreement 80NSSC18K0042 for the Human Factors and Behavioral Performance Element, Human Research Program, located at the National Aeronautics and Space Administrations (NASA) Johnson Space Center. The research addresses the Risk of Inadequate Mission, Process, and Task Design and the Risk of Performance Errors Due to Training Deficiencies during exploration-class space missions by identifying the tasks that will be conducted by human crew during an expedition to Mars and the abilities, skills, and knowledge that will be required of crew members. By focusing on an expedition to Mars, we have considered the extremes of what is possible for human space exploration during the first half of the 21st Century and accommodated the human requirements for missions to asteroids, Cis-Lunar orbit, and a return to the Moon.

Description: Bioregenerative technologies have been suggested for human life support in space for decades. Such technologies have not yet been incorporated due to 1) assumed unreliability and 2) bioregeneration rates for given processes are slower when compared to equivalent physical/chemical treatment technologies. Slower treatment capacity for biological system result in larger technology infrastructure (i.e., higher mass, power, and volume requirements), and thus less attractive. Current ISS (International Space Station) life support systems are strictly physical/chemical. However, bioregenerative systems are being suggested for future surface systems (on the Moon or Mars) due to the limited access to resupplied materials and continued need for resiliency and sustainability. In the realm of water reclamation, the ISS system processes only urine, metabolic condensates, and hygiene (i.e., handwash and oral, no shower or laundry) waters with 75 percent closure. For future surface habitats with 4 crew members, approximately 30 liters per day of wastewater will be generated, containing estimated 850 milligrams per liter NH4-N. Conventional algae PBRs (photobioreactors) require dilution to accommodate such high concentrations of ammonium. If dilution is required, resulting technology hardware will increase dramatically in mass. A new approach was explored, whereby high carbon dioxide (1200-2000 parts per million) and light (400-600 micromoles per square meter per second) conditions were provided to treat the undiluted wastewater stream. Daily treatment capacity for Chlorella sorokiniana and Chlorella vulgaris was observed to be 85 and 107 milligrams NH4-N per gram of biomass, respectively. This preliminary study shows that there is capacity to increase ammonium removal rates by algal species, and thus reactor size (mass and volume) for future surface systems. Smaller reactor volumes will help bioregenerative treatment technologies compete with the presently accepted physical/chemical treatment technologies.

Description: As we search for life on Mars, we will be simultaneously contaminating Mars with life from Earth. The contamination from Earth could be mistaken for Martian life. How can this paradox be avoided? With the results of our research, the scientific community will be able to determine locations of future habitats that minimize the aerial extent subject to bio-contaminants, protect sites of astrobiological interest, and constrain landing site selection of life detection missions to reduce risk of false positives. We consider a putative human habitat on Mars. Biological contaminants will flow out of the habitat into the Martian atmosphere, and the atmosphere will move these contaminants around. How many biological particles per year will be released from the habitat into the Martian ambient environment? How far will the contamination travel? In what directions will it travel? How long will the contamination be in the atmosphere? We study these questions quantitatively by simulating the Martian atmosphere using the NASA Ames Mars Global Climate Model. Various combinations of human habitat locations and contaminant sizes are considered. The results from these simulations enable the creation of novel contamination heat maps showing the aerial distribution of contaminants from putative human habitats on Mars.

Description: Die Geomorphologische Karte 1 : 25 000 der Bundesrepublik Deutschland beschäftigt die Physische Geographie sowohl im akademischen als auch im angewandten Bereich. Immer stärker rücken die Fragen der Anwendung und Auswertung dieser Karten in den Vordergrund. Die Voraussetzungen für die Auswertung der GMK 25 BRD im Schulunterricht sind die grundlegende Fähigkeit zum Kartenlesen von Seiten des Schülers bzw. eine eindeutige Themensetzung von Seiten des Lehrers. Die GMK 25 BRD stellt für den Benutzer ein vielschichtiges Informationsmedium dar. Es werden spezielle kartographische Mittel verwendet, welche die Darstellung abstrakt machen (z.B. für die Reliefdarstellung oder die themenspezifischen Signaturen). Daß dadurch gewisse "Hemmschwellen" für eine Verwendung dieser anspruchsvollen Karten bestehen, ist nicht erstaunlich. Es kann jedoch festgehalten werden, daß sich der in Signaturen unterschiedlichster Art dargebotene Informationsgehalt auch im schulischen Bereich erarbeiten läßt. Die Befähigung des Schülers zur Kartenauswertung stellt sich allerdings nicht von selbst ein, sondern ist zu fordern und zu entwickeln. Durch den in zweifacher Weise lernzielorientierten Einsatz einer GMK 25 BRD, instrumental und themenbezogen, kann den schulischen Ansprüchen entsprochen werden.

Description: research

Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen

Description: […] Nach einer kurzen geschichtlichen Einführung in die Atlaskartographie, die bei Ptolemäus begann und mit der Herausgabe des Stieler im wesentlichen abgeschlossen wurde, schließt sich eine Analyse mehrerer Weltatlanten an. [...] Im Anschluß daran wurden die Abbildungsgesetze und Gradnetze eines neuen Erdatlas entwickelt. […] Darauf folgt eine Zusammenfassung didaktisch-methodischer Überlegungen einer Erd- und Weltdarstellung. […] Neben den textlichen Ausführungen einer neuen Grundkonzeption für Erdatlanten und physisch-geographische Atlaskarten wurde versucht, in praktisch-kartographischer Arbeit den konzipierten Atlas im Rohbau (Kartennetze, -ränder sowie die Randbeschrifiung und für Europa und Afrika das detaillierte Küsten- und Gewässernetz) herzustellen. Der so entstandene Atlasband — in Auszügen diesem Heft beigegeben — ist ein integraler Bestandteil der Arbeit. [...]

Description: research

Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen

Description: Inhaltsverzeichnis : EHLERS, J. & MENSCHING, H.: Küstenversatz und Prielverlagerungen an der Nordseeküste. S. 9-22 ; FRÄNZLE, O.: Periglaziäre Formung der Altmoränengebiete Schleswig-Holsteins. S. 23-35 ; HEMPEL, L.: Rezente und fossile Mesoformen der Abtragung und Aufschüttung in Ausräumen von Schichtkammlandschaften im Teutoburger Wald. S. 37-47 ; LEHMEIER, F.: Zum Formenschatz der Schichtkammlandschaft im Niedersächsischen Bergland. S. 49-61 ; GARLEFF, K., BRUNOTTE, E. & STINGL, H.: Fußflächen im zentralen Teil der Hessischen Senke. S. 63-76 ; MÖLLER, K.: Das Eschweger Becken und seine Randbereiche — Ergebnisse geomorphographischer und hydrochemischer Analysen. S. 77-92 ; GLATTHAAR, D.: Vertikalbewegungen und ihre Bedeutung für die Formenentwicklung im Westerwald. S. 93-106 ; MÜLLER, M.J.: Periglaziärfluviale, solifluidale und abluale Formung im westlichen Hunsrück und am Ostrand der Trier-Bitburger Mulde. S. 107-118 ; BARSCH, D. & MÄUSBACHER, R.: Zur fluvialen Dynamik beim Aufbau des Neckarschwemmfächers. S. 119-128 ; LESER, H.: Schichtstufen und Talrandstufen in Südwestdeutschland. S. 129-147 ; FARRENKOPF, D.: Relief und Wasserhaushalt im Eyachtal, Nordschwarzwald. S. 149-154 ; LESER, H. & METZ, B.: Vergletscherungen im Hochschwarzwald. S. 155-175 ; HABBE, K.A.: Was kann eine geomorphologische Vollkartierung für die Stratigraphie des Quartärs leisten? S. 177-196 ; RATHJENS, C.: Jungglaziale Formung und spätglazialer Eisabbau im Chiemgau. S. 197-205 ; FISCHER, K.: Die würmzeitliche und stadiale Vergletscherung der Berchtesgadener Alpen. S. 207-225 ;

Description: research

Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen

Description: Vorliegende Untersuchung stellt einen Beitrag zur Forschung in der Schneehydrologie dar. Dem wachsenden Bedürfnis der Wasserwirtschaft, Informationen über Schneedeckenauf- und -abbau und die Möglichkeiten der Modellbildung zu erhalten, wurde folgende Untersuchung am Beispiel eines nordskandinavischen Einzugsgebietes, des 53,9 km2 großen Isdalen, durchgeführt. Ausgehend vom derzeitigen Stand der Forschung, in der Schneeschmelzmodelle als "Stations- oder Punktmodelle" existieren, werden in dieser Arbeit raumbezogene differenzierte Gebietsmodelle vorgestellt.

Description: research

Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen

Description: ZUSAMMENFASSUNG : Für den Bereich der Libyschen Wüste sind, ebenso wie für die Zentralsahara, spätpleistozäne Feuchtphasen durch geomorphologische und prähistorische Befunde nachgewiesen. Diese Feuchtphasen lassen sieh jedoch nur in geringem Umfang in den 14C Datierungen von Grundwässern aus diesem Bereich wiederfinden. In dieser Arbeit wird festgestellt, wie hoch die Grundwasserbildung einzelner geomorphologischer Einheiten bei gegebenem Paläoklima war. Dazu erfolgt in einem ersten Schritt eine geomorphologische Kartierung eines etwa 250 km langen und 80 km breiten Streifens auf der Basis von Landsat-Satelitenbildern und Geländebefunden und die Rekonstruktion dreier Varianten eines fiktiven paläoklimatischen Jahresganges mit 242 mm, 194 mm und 147 mm Jahresniederschlag. Den geomorphologischen Komplexen werden bodenphysikalische Kenngrößen zugeordnet, dazu werden im Gelände ungestörte Proben in Stechzylindern geborgen und daran im Labor die gesättigte Wasserleitfähigkeit und pF-Kurve bestimmt. Nebenprodukt einer statistischen Bearbeitung der Meßwerte ist eine multiple Regressionsgleichung zur Bestimmung der Kf-Werte aus der pF-Kurve für Wüstenböden. In einem Exkurs erfolgt die Betrachtung der hydrologischen Bedeutung und möglichen Genese von häufig mit Flugsand verfüllten, polygonalen Rißsystemen im Boden. Mittels einer Clusteranalyse werden die Meßdaten in 10 Klassen gruppiert; sie finden dann als bodenphysikalische Kenngrößen Eingang in ein Finite-Differenzen-Modell, das auf der Basis der PORKER-PLANCK-GLEICHUNG den Bodenwasserhaushalt und damit die regionale Grundwasserneubildung simuliert. Diese Grundwasserneubildungsraten werden anhand des Verlaufes der Bodenwassergehalte hinsichtlich des Einflusses von Pflanzen und dadurch bedingter Transpirationsverluste diskutiert. Die höchsten Grundwasserneubildungsraten werden für den Bereich der Schwemmfächer des Gilf-Kebir-Vorlandes und für Sandschleppen in den Wadis des Gilf Kebir ermittelt. (60 mm bzw. 25 mm bei 242 mm bzw. 194 mm Jahresniederschlag). Die Bedeutung der weiten Serirflächen ist wesentlich geringer: Hier hat die wahrscheinlich präholozäne Anfüllung des Porenraumes mit Eisenoxiden und Carbonaten zu einer sekundären Überprägung der bodenphysikalischen Kennwerte geführt und so die Grundwasserbildungsrate reduziert (24 mm-36 mm bzw. 6 min-10 mm bei 242 mm bzw. 194 mm Jahresniederschlag). Ähnliche Werte wie die Serirflächen liefern die Bereiche mit rezenten Flugsanden (27 mm bzw. 11 mm bei 242 mm bzw. 194 mm Jahresniederschlag). Die Simulationsläufe mit 147 mm Jahresniederschlag erbrachten nirgends eine Grundwasserspende, ebenso kann für die übrigen geomorphologischen Einheiten eine Grundwasserneubildung bei den gewählten Paläoklimaten ausgeschlossen werden. Die nur geringe Befunddichte an holozänen Grundwässern im ägyptischen Teil der Libyschen Wüste läßt für die holozänen Feuchtphasen Niederschläge von maximal 200 mm/a als wahrscheinlich erscheinen.

Description: research

Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen

Description: Zur Vereinfachung wird die Vielfalt der Karstformenbezeichnungen bereinigt. Erdfall wird als Form, die in nicht verkarstungsfähigen Serien liegt, aber auf Tiefensubrosion zurückgeht, der Doline, einer Form, die in verkarstungsfähigem Material liegt, gegenübergestellt. Als Grundlage der Arbeit wurde eine detaillierte Kartierung der Auslaugungsformen durchgeführt. Hinsichtlich rezenter Subrosion erwies es sich als notwendig, die in Oberflächenwässern und wasserwirtschaftlich erfaßten Wässern gelösten Bestandteile von Chlorid, Sulfat und Karbonat zu ermitteln. Die Auswertung der gewonnenen Daten zeigt, daß ein Zusammenhang mit Gebieten besteht, die durch aktuelle Erdfälle und Dolineneinbrüche gekennzeichnet sind. Als Voraussetzung zur Reliefgenese gilt, daß das Gebiet des Unterwerra-Sattels entscheidend durch die saxonische Gebirgsbildung an der Wende Jura/Kreide und die nachfolgende klimageomorphologische Entwicklung geprägt ist. Anhand der geomorphographischen Analyse wird der Einfluß der Salz-, aber auch der Sulfatauslaugung auf die Landschaftsgenese belegt. Die Auslaugung des Salzes (Nal), dessen Mächtigkeit im Untersuchungsgebiet mit mindestens 120 m angenommen wird, und der unterlagernden ca. 130 m nächtigen Zechsteingipse (A 1 - A 3) zerrüttet die überlagernden triassischen Schichten weiter. Darüber hinaus wirkt die Subrosion von mehr als 30 m Rötgipsen und 50 m Gipsen des Mittleren Muschelkalkes im Hangenden des Zechsteins reliefformend. Die ermittelten Ergebnisse - rezente und subrezente Formen, Lösungswerte – werden zunächst in kleineren Gebietseinheiten analysiert. Die Ergebnisse der Nasseranalysen bestätigen das geomorphographische Ergebnis, so daß in Anlehnung an die Gipshorizonte von Stockwerkssubrosion gesprochen werden kann. Entscheidend geprägt ist die heutige Situation jedoch durch vorangegangene Zechsteinsalzauslaugung im tieferen Untergrund. Diese hat in den Hangendserien die Wasserwegsamkeit verstärkt, so daß die nachfolgende Sulfatsubrosion den Kleinformenschatz vor der Schichtstufe des Mittleren Buntsandsteins steuern konnte. Aufgrund ihrer für Auslaugungsgebiete typischen Ausprägung wird die Lage der Schichtstufe in weiten Teilen des Untersuchungsgebietes an das in Auslaugung befindliche Salz geknüpft. Das Auftreten von Subrosionsformen vor der Landstufe des Kaufunger Waldes, den östlichen Meißnerhängen, dem Anstieg des Schlierbachswaldes sowie vor dem Anstieg des Buntsandsteins zwischen Heldra, Frieda und Bad Sooden-Allendorf untermauert diese Interpretation. In der südlichen und südöstlichen Umrahmung des Untersuchungsgebietes wird der Salzhang aufgrund geomorphographischer Kriterien unter dem Steilanstieg des Unteren Muschelkalkes ausgewiesen. Aufgrund dieser Befunde wird die primäre Salzverbreitung als über den Unterwerra-Sattel reichend angenommen, womit sich, abgesehen von den Einflüssen der saxonischen Tektonik, alle Reliefentwicklungsprozesse allein durch Auslaugung und folgende geomorphologische Überprägung erklären lassen. Darüber hinaus ist dieses Gebiet in Nordhessen nicht nur durch eine über alle Schichten hinweggreifende Rumpfflächenbildung gekennzeichnet, sondern die Resistenzunterschiede wurden - unabhängig vom Klima - beständig herausgearbeitet. Aus diesen Ergebnissen wurde ein übergeordnetes Modell zur Reliefentwicklung erstellt. Danach existieren im Untersuchungsgebiet fünf Reliefgenerationen, wobei die postsaxonische Reliefentwicklung mit zerstörtem, die Auslaugung begünstigendem Hangendverband nach der Landhebung bzw. dem Einbruch der das Gebiet begrenzenden Grabenstrukturen, die bis ins Alttertiär reicht, nicht erfaßt werden konnte. [...]

Description: research

Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen

Description: Die rezente Morphodynamik der Oberflächenformen des Colorado Plateaus wirkt in einer klimageomorphologischen Zuordnung im Rahmen des arid-morphodynamischen Systems. Die Prozesse sind durch hohe Formungsakfivität gekennzeichnet. Entsprechend der geologischen Ausstattung des Colorado Plateaus mit in der Regel flach oder mäßig steil lagernden Sedimentgesteinen wechselnder Resistenz vollzieht sich die rezente Formung innerhalb einer Schichtstufenlandschaft, die neben der Normalausbildung des Schichtstufenreliefs auch Schichttafeln und Schichtkämme umfaßt Da das klimatische Umfeld der strukturbestimmten Reliefs auf dem Colorado Plateau weitgehend konstant ist, und damit die Reliefbeeinflussung durch Klimavarianz entfällt, können aus der Reliefdifferenzierung die Einflüsse nicht-klimatischer Steuerungsfakroren ohne Überlagerungseffekte abgeleitet werden. [...]

Description: research

Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen

Description: Nach einer Übersicht über die methodische Entwicklung der Geschiebe- und Kieszählungen zur Erforschung der Moränenstratigraphie in pleistozän vereisten Gebieten südlich und westlich der Ostsee werden der pleistozäne Schichtaufbau und die Morphologie im engeren Untersuchungsgebiet in Berlin (West) vorgestellt. Die Beschreibung erfolgt anhand der heutigen naturräumlichen Einheiten: dem Bamim, der Havelniederung zwischen Barnim und Glien, dem südlich davon verlaufenden Urstromtal, der Teltow-Platte, der Nauener Platte und der Havelseenrinne.

Description: research

Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen

Description: Eine wichtige Voraussetzung für die Einführung geeigneter Erosionsschutzmaßnahmen in die landwirtschaftliche Praxis ist eine möglichst genaue, schlagbezogene Quantifizierung der Erosion bzw. des Erosionsrisikos einschließlich der damit verbundenen, langfristigen Folgewirkungen (vgl. RAT FÜR UMWELTFRAGEN, 1935, S. 330ff). Aufgrund der Vielzahl der hierbei zu berücksichtigenden Einzeleinflüsse ist dies nur mit Hilfe computergestützter, mathematischer Modelle möglich. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, ein solches, auf die praktischen Belange des Boden- und Gewässerschutzes abgestelltes Bodenerosionsmodell zu entwickeln.

Description: research

Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen

Description: In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden Ergebnisse hydrologischer und stratigraphischer Studien zur Entwicklungsgeschichte von Brandenburger Kesselmooren vorgestellt. Für die Erfassung der aktuellen und historischen biotischen und abiotischen Standortfaktoren wurden verschiedene Methoden angewandt: floristische und vegetationskundliche Untersuchungen sowie hydrologische, hydrochemische, geochemische, geophysikalische und sedimentologische Untersuchungen und Makrorest-‚ Mikrorest- und Pollenanalyse. Der zeitlichen Einordnung der entwicklungsgeschichtlichen Prozesse dienten Radiocarbondatierungen und die pollenanalytischen Untersuchungen. Ziel der Arbeit war es, Entwicklungsstadien auszuscheiden, die von den untersuchten Mooren seit ihrer Entstehung durchlaufen wurden. Aufgrund der stratigraphischen Untersuchungen wurden Aussagen zur Beckengenese und zu den einzelnen See- und Moorentwicklungsphasen getroffen, zum Verlandungsvorgang, zu Moorbildungsbedingungen und Sukzessionsstadien. Den Entwicklungsstadien konnten über geochemische und -physikalische Untersuchungen abiotische Standortfaktoren zugeordnet werden. Die aktuellen Standortveränderungen wurden erfaßt und die vorgenommenen Erhaltungs- und Wiedervernässungsmaßnahmen dokumentiert und bewertet.

Description: research

Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen

Description: Formenhinterlassenschaften des nordischen Inlandeises akkumulativer und erosiver Art werden als eine zeitlich zusammenhängende Funktionsgemeinschaft (〉 glaziale Serie) erklärt, auf ihre Besonderheiten und auf ihre räumliche Verteilung hingewiesen. Die wesentlichen Forschungsergebnisse vom Süd- bzw. Südwestrand (DDR und Schleswig-Holstein), sowie vom Westrand (Dänemark und Südschweden) des nordischen Inlandeises und seiner Rückschmelzlagen werden teils unter erforschungsgeschichtlichen Aspekten (Schleswig-Holstein), teils in Hinsicht auf eine eher aktuelle Erkenntnisbilanz (DDR, Dänemark und Südschweden) dargelegt. Kartierungen i.S. der Erfassung des oberflächennahen Substrats, verschiedene Methoden und Methodenkombinationen von Bohrverfahren, Aufgrabungen und Aufschlußkartierungen wurden im Gelände durchgeführt. Die sedimentologische, geschiebeanalytische und palynologische Bearbeitung geeigneter Sedimente sowie Radiokarbondatierungen und wenige zoologische Aussagen stellen die wesentlichen Auswertungen der Feldarbeiten dar. Auf der Grundlage der Pedostratigraphie läßt sich außer den aus der Literatur bekannten Interglazial-/Interstadialvorkommen an einer Stelle ein eem-/bzw. frühweichseleiszeitlicher Pedokomplex, sowie zahlreiche Spätglazialvorkommen terrestrischer und limnischer Fazies neu beschreiben. Lithostratigraphisch lassen sich zwei weichseleiszeitliche Moränen i.S. von Grundmoränen trennen, die sicherlich unterschiedlichen Eiworstößen innerhalb der Weichseleiszeit angehören. Diesen beiden Vorstößen sind morphostratigraphisch unterschiedliche Rückschmelzlagen zuzuordnen. Eine wartheeiszeitliche Moräne konnte mehrfach festgestellt werden. Auf der Grundlage der Morphostratigraphie werden insgesamt vier Haupteisrandlagen im Arbeitsgebiet als WH 1 bis WH 4 ausgewiesen, die durch Randlagen zweiter und dritter Ordnung noch untergliedert werden können. Dabei ergibt sich ein im Detail anderer Verlauf als bei EGGERS (1934), GRIPP (1954, 1964) und DÜCKER (1958). Auf der Grundlage bio- und chronostratigraphischer Untersuchungen wurde die Vegetationsentwicklung des Spätglazials bis ins Mittelholozän hinein verfolgt. Ergebnisse der Radiokohlenstoffdatierung stimmen mit den ermittelten vegetationsgeschichtlichen Abschnitten im Vergleich zu der allgemeinen Vegetationsentwicklung in Schleswig-Holstein und Mitteleuropa überein. Es konnte somit ein Mindestalter für die Bildung limnischer Sedimente an den untersuchten Lokalitäten gefunden werden.

Description: research

Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen

Description: Geologische Karte 1: 25 000 mit Erläuterungen. Digitalisat des FID GEO (Fachinformationsdienst Geowissenschaften der festen Erde), erstellt durch das GDZ (Göttinger Digitalisierungszentrum, SUB Göttingen), Karte aus dem Bestand der SUB Göttingen. GeoTIFF erstellt durch FID GEO, SUB Göttingen.

Description: map

Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen

Description: Dieser Band enthält 42 Beiträge zu Themengebieten der Physik der festen Erde, des magnetischen und elektrischen Felds der Erde, der Physik der Atmophäre und der angewandten Geophysik, veröffentlicht durch die Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft in dem Jahr 1937.

Description: 〈html〉 〈body〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0004.pdf"〉Titelseite〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0005.pdf"〉Autorenverzeichnis〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0006.pdf"〉Sachverzeichnis〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0007.pdf"〉Wendepunkte in der Laufzeitkurve sinusförmiger Wellen〈/a〉〈br〉(Ramspeck, A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0008.pdf"〉Zur Seismizität Afrikas während der Jahre 1913 bis 1930〈/a〉〈br〉(Rohleder, P. T.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0009.pdf"〉Zur Frage der Variabilität der Chandlerschen Periode〈/a〉〈br〉(Ledersteger, K.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0010.pdf"〉Experimentelle Untersuchungen zum Rauhigkeitsproblem in der bodennahen Luftschicht〈/a〉〈br〉(Paeschke, W.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0012.pdf"〉Vorträge, gehalten auf der XII. Tagung der Deutschen Geophysikalischen Gesellschaft, vom 8. bis 10. Oktober 1936 in Berlin〈/a〉〈br〉(Kohlschütter, E., Lettau, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0016.pdf"〉Referate und Mitteilungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Schulz, B.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0017.pdf"〉Direkte Methoden zur Bestimmung von Störungsmassen aus Anomalien der Schwereintensität〈/a〉〈br〉(Jung, K.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0018.pdf"〉Die absolute Schweremessung〈/a〉〈br〉(Wegener, K.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0019.pdf"〉Über die Funkschwierigkeiten bei den Gronau-Flügen über Grönland〈/a〉〈br〉(Roßmann, F.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0020.pdf"〉Das Gesetz von Helmholtz und seine Anwendung auf Geotektonik〈/a〉〈br〉(Tromp, S. W.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0021.pdf"〉Bemerkungen zu den vorstehenden Ausführungen von S. W. Tromp〈/a〉〈br〉(Jung, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0022.pdf"〉Antworten auf die kritischen Bemerkungen von H. Jung〈/a〉〈br〉(Tromp, S. W.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0023.pdf"〉Geometische Lösung der Grundaufgaben der in der Geologie angewandten Seismik〈/a〉〈br〉(Berroth, A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0024.pdf"〉Gebäudeschwingungen beim Erdbebenstoß〈/a〉〈br〉(Sponheuer, W.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0025.pdf"〉Die Ursachen des seismisch-elektrischen Effektes〈/a〉〈br〉(v. Thyssen, S., Hummel, J. N., Rülke, O.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0026.pdf"〉Seismische Untersuchungen des Geophysikalischen Instituts in Göttingen. XXIX. Ortung einer Maschine durch ihre Bodenschwingungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Schulze, G. A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0028.pdf"〉Ein photoelektrischer Schwingungsmesser〈/a〉〈br〉(Dobberstein, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0029.pdf"〉Zur neuen Haalckschen Theorie des Erdmagnetismus〈/a〉〈br〉(Schlomka, T.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0030.pdf"〉Referate und Mitteilungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Beurlen, K.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0031.pdf"〉Gravitationsfeld und Oberflächengestalt der Erde und ihre geometrische Festlegung〈/a〉〈br〉(Berroth, A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0032.pdf"〉Note on the Variation of Gravity with Depth〈/a〉〈br〉(Benfield, A. E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0033.pdf"〉Seismische Untersuchungen des Geophysikalischen Instituts in Göttingen. XXX. Die Wellenausbreitung der Erdbeben vom 20. November 1932 (Nordbrabant) und 7. Juni 1931 (Doggerbank)〈/a〉〈br〉(Gees, R.-H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0035.pdf"〉Ein mechanisch registierendes Vertikalanemometer und seine Verwendung im Gelände〈/a〉〈br〉(Dieterichs, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0036.pdf"〉Einige Bemerkungen zu der magnetischen Störung von 24. bis 28. April 1937〈/a〉〈br〉(Fanselau, G.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0037.pdf"〉Zur Frage nach der Ursache des Erdmagnetismus (Erwiderung auf die Ausführungen von T. Schlomka in Heft 2/3 dieser Zeitschrift)〈/a〉〈br〉(Haalck, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0038.pdf"〉Erwiderung an Herrn Haalck〈/a〉〈br〉(Schlomka, T.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0039.pdf"〉Entgegnung auf die Ausführungen von T. Schlomka〈/a〉〈br〉(Haalck, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0040.pdf"〉Referate und Mitteilungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Schulze, G. A., Suckstorff, G. A., Fanselau, G., Kohlschütter, E., Meißner, O.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0041.pdf"〉Die Lotabweichungen in der Umgebung des Nanga Parbat und ein Versuch zu ihrer geophysikalischen Deutung〈/a〉〈br〉(Jung, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0042.pdf"〉Die Fehler bei der Aufnahme der drahtlosen Zeitsignale und Vorschläge zur Verbesserung〈/a〉〈br〉(Gockel, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0043.pdf"〉Über eine photographische Ableseeinrichtung am Doppelkompaß〈/a〉〈br〉(Fanselau, G.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0044.pdf"〉Referate und Mitteilungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Schulze, G. A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0045.pdf"〉Ein neuer mechanischer Beschleunigungsmesser〈/a〉〈br〉(Martin, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0047.pdf"〉Beiträge zur Konstruktion eines Vertikalseismometers〈/a〉〈br〉(Meißer, O.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0049.pdf"〉Untersuchungen über Vorgänge an der Schneide beim Schwingen eines Schwerependels〈/a〉〈br〉(Köller, W.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0050.pdf"〉Geomagnetische Messungen an Lamprophyrgängen in der Lausitz〈/a〉〈br〉(Lauterbach, R.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0051.pdf"〉Über die makroseismischen Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Herdtiefe und ihre Anwendung bei Lockerböden〈/a〉〈br〉(Sponheuer, W.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0054.pdf"〉Geophysikalischer Mond-Almanach〈/a〉〈br〉(Bartels, J., Fanselau, G.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0055.pdf"〉Seismische Untersuchungen des Geophysikalischen Instituts in Göttingen. XXXII. Ausbreitung der natürlichen Bodenunruhe (Mikroseismik) nach Aufzeichnungen mit transportablen Horizontalseismographen〈/a〉〈br〉(Krug, H.-D.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0056.pdf"〉Referate und Mitteilungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Ernst, T., Schulz, B., Kames, A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0013/LOG_0058.pdf"〉Geophysikalische Berichte〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0011/LOG_0065.pdf"〉Mitgliederverzeichnis der Deutschen Geophysikalischen Gesellschaft nach dem Stande vom 1. Dezember 1937〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈/body〉 〈/html〉

Description: research

Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen

Description: INHALTSVERZEICHNIS : FUCHS, K.: Investigation on the Wave Propagation in Wedge-shaped Media . . . 51 ; CHATTERJEE, N. D.: Paläomagnetische Untersuchungen an ladinischen Eruptiven der westlichen Dolomiten, Norditalien . . . 90 ; Vorlesungsverzeichnis . . . 107 ; Buchbesprechungen . . . 111 ;

Description: research

Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen

Description: INHALTSVERZEICHNIS : FRIEDRICH BURMEISTER zum 75. Geburtstag . . . 227 ; DEMNATI, A. und G. DOHR: Reflexionsseismische Tiefensondierungen im Bereich des Oberrheintalgrabens und des Kraichgaues . . . 229 ; GUTDEUTSCH, R. und M. KOENIG: Über die Signalgeschwindigkeit gebeugter elastischer Wellen . . . 246 ; TÄRCZY-HORNOCH, A.: Über die Genauigkeit der berechneten durchschnittlichen Geschwindigkeit bei der seismischen Reflexionsmethode . . . 260 ; Briefe an den Herausgeber . . . 273 ; Verzeichnis der geophysikalischen Vorlesungen (Wintersemester 1965/66) . . . 276 ; Mitteilung . . . 280 ; Buchbesprechungen . . . 281 ;

Description: research

Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen

Description: In Niedersachsen werden während der nächsten zwei bis drei Jahrzehnte vermehrt industriell teilabgetorfte Hochmoorflächen (= Leegmoor) nach dem Ende der Abtorfung zurückgegeben, insgesamt nahezu 30.000 ha. Diese sollen gemäß Niedersächsischem Moorschutzprogramm unter gesetzlichen Naturschutz gestellt, wiedervernäßt und renaturiert werden. Eingangs werden gemessene Daten der Wasserbilanz und daraus abgeleitete ökohydrologische Erkenntnisse dargelegt. Da es gegenwärtig in Nordwestdeutschland keine wachsenden Hochmoore mehr gibt, wird die Morphologie ursprünglicher Hochmoore nach Topographischen Karten 1:25.000 der Jahrhundertwende vorgestellt und es wird auf die Erkenntnisse des Botanikers C. A. WEBER (1901) zurückgegriffen, der die Zusammenhänge zwischen Oberflächen-Morphologie, Moorvegetation und Torfbildung überzeugend dargelegt hat. Die geschilderten ökotechnischen Aspekte basieren auf Ergebnissen teils langjähriger Versuche, die der Autor als wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter des Bodentechnologischen Instituts Bremen im Niedersächsischen Landesamt für Bodenforschung gewonnen hat, sowie auf umfangreichen Erfahrungen in der Beratung und auf vielen Besichtigungen und in Diskussionen mit Kollegen aus dem In- und Ausland. Es wurde ferner auf Erkenntnisse der Kulturtechnik in der angewandten Bodenkunde zurückgegriffen, so insbesondere bei den Verfahren der Wiedervernässung.

Description: During the coming two to three decades in Lower Saxony more and more raised-bog cutover fields (= Leegmoore), in sum about 30.000 ha, will be given back for other kinds of utilization after peat cutting is finished. According to the Peatland Conservation Programme of Lower Saxony these areas shall be protected by law and shall then be rewetted and renatured. Introductory in this article measured water balance data and ecohydrological perceptions derived therefrom are explained. As at present there are no growing raised bogs in northwestern Germany the original raised-bog surface morphology is described on the basis of the Topographical Maps 1:25.000 from the turn of the century and of the knowledge of the botanist C. A. WEBER (1901) who has convincingly elucidated the relationship between surface morphology, living vegetation, and peat accumulation. The described ecotechnical aspects are based on results of partly longterm field experiments which the author has won as Senior Officer at the Soil-technological Institute Bremen, on extensive experiences in consulting, as well as on many excursions and in discussions with collegues from Germany and foreign countries. Further, the experiences of agricultural engineering in applied flood irrigation have been used, especially with respect to the rewetting processes.

Description: research

Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen

Description: Es werden eingangs die negativen Erfahrungen der Mooraufforstungen Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts aufgrund der modernen Erkenntnisse der Moorkunde und Kulturtechnik gedeutet. Mit Hinweis auf den großräumigen Waldbau auf den Mooren Finnlands, Kanadas und der Sowjetunion werden 4-5 Jahrzehnte alte und jüngste Mooraufforstungen behandelt, die Versuchsaufforstung in Papenburg-Börgermoorweide erläutert und auf die sich daraus ergebenden Folgerungen eingegangen.

Description: In the beginning, the negative experiences by bog afforesting at the end of the 19th century are explained with the modern knowledge in peat research and agricultural engineering. In reference to the large forestry on peatlands in Finland, Canada and the USSR, recent afforestations and those with an age of 40-50 years are described. Then the experimental reforestation in Papenburg-Börgermoorweide is explained, and the resulting inferences are discussed.

Description: research

Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen

Description: Von 186 natürlichen Gewässern im Flachland Niedersachsens liegen 48 % in Mooren und Anmooren. Auch die drei größten Binnenseen Steinhuder Meer, Dümmer und Zwischenahner Meer sind von Mooren umgeben. Die Erhaltung und Regeneration von Feuchtbiotopen und Moorgewässern ist seit 1973 gesetzlich vorgeschrieben. Es wird unterschieden zwischen (tiefen) Moorseen und (flachen) Moorteichen, die natürlich entstanden oder durch den Menschen angelegt sind. Es werden die wichtigsten Daten der Wasserbilanz diskutiert, wie Niederschlag und Zufluß (= input) sowie Verdunstung und Abfluß (= output). Auch die Gewässergüte wird angesprochen und damit die Zuordnung zu limnologisch definierten Seentypen.

Description: About 48 % of the 186 lakes and ponds in Lower Saxony are situated in peatlands and peaty soils. Also the three greatest lakes Steinhuder Meer, Dümmer and Zwischenahner Meer are surrounded by peatland. Since 1973 the law has provided that wet biotopes and moor waters be preserved and regenerated. A distinction is made between (deep) lakes and (shallow) ponds which have formed under natural conditions or were man-made. The important data on the water balance, such as input (rainfall and influx) and output (evaporation and discharge) are discussed. Additionally, the quality of water is discussed and thus, also, the assignment to limnologically defined types of lakes.

Description: research

Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen

Description: Dieser Band enthält 63 Artikel zu Themengebieten der Physik der festen Erde, zu magnetischen und elektrischen Feldern der Erde, zu der Physik der Atmophäre und der angewandten Geophysik veröffentlicht durch die Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft in dem Jahr 1934.

Description: 〈html〉 〈body〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0004.pdf"〉Titelseite〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0005.pdf"〉Autorenverzeichnis〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0006.pdf"〉Sachverzeichnis〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0007.pdf"〉Karl Mack †〈/a〉〈br〉(Hiller, W.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0008.pdf"〉Die südalbanischen Erdbeben 1930/31〈/a〉〈br〉(Nowack, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0009.pdf"〉Seismische Untersuchungen des Geophysikalischen Instituts in Göttingen〈/a〉〈br〉(Gräfe, H., v. zur Mühlen, W., Müller, H. K.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0017.pdf"〉Horizontalsicht bei örtlich veränderlicher Trübung und Beleuchtung〈/a〉〈br〉(Steinhäusser, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0018.pdf"〉Referate und Mitteilungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Haase, H., Köhler, R., Berroth, A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0019.pdf"〉Beitrag zur Berechnung von Minimum-Stabpendeln〈/a〉〈br〉(Graf, A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0020.pdf"〉Zur Theorie elastischer Pendel mit besonderer Berücksichtigung des Holweck-Lejayschen Stabpendels〈/a〉〈br〉(Graf, A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0021.pdf"〉Eine neue Methode für sehr präzise magnetische Messungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Koulomzine, T., Bondaletoff, N.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0022.pdf"〉Zur Frage der mit dem temperaturkompensierten Magnetsystem erreichbaren Meßgenauigkeit〈/a〉〈br〉(Kohl, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0023.pdf"〉Die Höhenverteilung der Erd-, Luft- und Höhenstrahlung〈/a〉〈br〉(Suckstorff, G. A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0024.pdf"〉Erdstrahlungsmessungen in Bad Nauheim nach der Gammastrahlenmethode〈/a〉〈br〉(Masuch, V.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0025.pdf"〉Referate〈/a〉〈br〉(Jung, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0026.pdf"〉Abschnitt〈/a〉〈br〉(Angenheister, G., Kohlschütter, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0027.pdf"〉Hergesell geb. 29. Mai 1859〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0028.pdf"〉Hecker geb. 21. Mai 1864〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0029.pdf"〉Sprengungen zur Forschungszwecken mit Unterstützung der Notgemeinschaft der Deutschen〈/a〉〈br〉(Duckert, P.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0037.pdf"〉Beiträge zu den Luftschallmessungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Meißer, O., Martin, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0039.pdf"〉Seismische Untersuchungen des Geophysikalischen Instituts in Göttingen〈/a〉〈br〉(Regula, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0042.pdf"〉Berechnung der Laufzeitkurven des anormalen Schalles für windstille Atmosphäre und Vergleich mit der Laufzeitkurve der Oldebroek-Sprengung vom 15. Dezember 1932〈/a〉〈br〉(Jung, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0043.pdf"〉Ergebisse der Registrierungen von Schallwellen an kreisförmig um den Sprengherd angeordneten Stationen〈/a〉〈br〉(Duckert, P.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0044.pdf"〉Beobachtungsergebnisse über den Einfluß der "akustischen Umkehrschicht" auf die Schallausbreitung〈/a〉〈br〉(Sandmann, B.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0045.pdf"〉Zur Frage der anomalen Schallausbreitung〈/a〉〈br〉(Kölzer, J.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0046.pdf"〉Schalluntersuchungen im Polargebiet〈/a〉〈br〉(Wölcken, K.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0049.pdf"〉Betrachtungen über ebene Pendel〈/a〉〈br〉(Hahnkamm, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0051.pdf"〉Außenraum und Innenraum (Schlichtung des Streites um die Schwerkraftreduktion)〈/a〉〈br〉(Schwinner, R.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0052.pdf"〉Bemerkungen zu den Geoiden von Ackerl und Hirvonen〈/a〉〈br〉(Ledersteger, K.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0053.pdf"〉Auto-Radio als Hilfsmittel geologischer Kartierung〈/a〉〈br〉(Cloos, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0054.pdf"〉Zur photographischen Registrierung von Stationsseismometern〈/a〉〈br〉(Meißer, O.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0056.pdf"〉Ein Horizontalseismometer für die Aufzeichnung von starken Orts- und Nahbeben〈/a〉〈br〉(Critikos, N. A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0059.pdf"〉Die Bedeutung der Unstetigkeiten im Verlauf der Schallgeschwindigkeit mit der Höhe für die normale und anomale〈/a〉〈br〉(Sandmann, B.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0060.pdf"〉Referate und Mitteilungen〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0061.pdf"〉Die Relativität der Undulationen〈/a〉〈br〉(Hopfner, F.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0062.pdf"〉Ein detonierendes Meteor über dem Weserbergland am 2. Januar 1934〈/a〉〈br〉(Hartmann, W.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0063.pdf"〉Der Meteorfall bei Stadt Rehburg am 2. Januar 1934〈/a〉〈br〉(Trommsdorff, W.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0064.pdf"〉Vergleich zwischen der Intensität der kosmischen Ultrastrahlung über Grönland und über Deutschland〈/a〉〈br〉(Wölcken, K.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0065.pdf"〉Das Grundeis〈/a〉〈br〉(Jakuschoff, P.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0066.pdf"〉Le problème des microséismes et le déferlement des vagues〈/a〉〈br〉(Gherzi, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0067.pdf"〉Note on the Hayford-Bowie tables for calculation 〈i〉g〈/i〉〈/a〉〈br〉(Bullard, E. C.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0068.pdf"〉Kann die Laplacesche Differentialgleichung für das Schwerkraftpotential auch innerhalb der Erdkruste als erfüllt angesehen werden?〈/a〉〈br〉(Grabowski, L.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0069.pdf"〉Vorträge, gehalten auf der XI. Tagung der Deutschen Geophysikalischen Gesellschaft, am 13. bis 15. September 1934 in Pyrmont〈/a〉〈br〉(Jung, K.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0072.pdf"〉Der geophysikalische Nachweis des Zechsteindolomits〈/a〉〈br〉(Müller, M.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0073.pdf"〉Berichtigung〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0074.pdf"〉Vorträge, gehalten auf der XI. Tagung der Deutschen Geophysikalischen Gesellschaft, am 13. bis 15. September 1934 in Pyrmont〈/a〉〈br〉(von Seidlitz, W., Sieberg, A., Linke, F., Gerlach, W.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0079.pdf"〉Zur Frage der Geländekorrektion bei Drehwaagemessungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Tuchel, G.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0080.pdf"〉Emanation in Boden- und Freiluft〈/a〉〈br〉(Israël, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0081.pdf"〉Die Energie der Heliokathodenstrahlen in ihrer Beziehung zur fortschreitenden Bewegung der Elektronen in den Polarlichtstrahlen〈/a〉〈br〉(Rudolph, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0082.pdf"〉Weitere Untersuchungen mit dem Sanford-Elektrometer〈/a〉〈br〉(Stoppel, R.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0083.pdf"〉Das Strömungssystem der Luft über Mogadischu〈/a〉〈br〉(Bossolasco, M.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0084.pdf"〉Messungen mit transportablen statischen Schweremessern〈/a〉〈br〉(Schleusener, A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0086.pdf"〉Über den Energietransport bei der Sprengseismik〈/a〉〈br〉(v. Schmidt, O.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0087.pdf"〉Formen der Bodenschwingung bei sinusförmiger Anregung〈/a〉〈br〉(Köhler, R.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href=" https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0088.pdf"〉Die Ausbreitungsgeschwindigkeit sinusförmiger elastischer Wellen im Boden〈/a〉〈br〉(Ramspeck, A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href=" https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0089.pdf"〉Referate und Mitteilungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Haase, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href=" https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0090.pdf"〉Bericht über die elfte Tagung der Deutschen Geophysikalischen Gesellschaft vom 13. bis 15. September 1934 in Bad Pyrmont〈/a〉〈br〉(Jung, K.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href=" https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0091.pdf"〉Berichtigung〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href=" https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0092.pdf"〉Geophysikalische Berichte〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href=" https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0093.pdf.pdf"〉Register der Geophysikalischen Berichte〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href=" https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0094.pdf"〉Mitgliederverzeichnis der Deutschen Geophysikalischen Gesellschaft nach dem Stande vom 1. Dezember 1934〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈/body〉 〈/html〉

Description: research

Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen

Description: Es wird kurz das Königsmoor bei Tostedt (Krs. Harburg) beschrieben und die anthropogene Entwicklung nach Entwässerung und Moorkultur im Jahre 1905 Vom Hochmoor zum Moorkulturtyp heute dargelegt. Die Von 1950 bis 1979 fortlaufend gemessenen Grundwasserdaten sind als Ganglinie dargestellt (Abb. 5). Die positiven und negativen Abweichungen vom durchschnittlichen Jahresgang sind witterungsbedingt. Aus dem Hochmoor hat sich ein Hochmoorboden mit Oxidations- und Reduktions-Horizont entwickelt. Die mittlere Grundwasseramplitude (Abb. 6) beträgt heute 52 cm zwischen MHW im Winter (= 59 cm unter Flur) und MNW im Sommer (= 111 cm unter Flur). Die Feldkapazität des Hochmoorbodenprofils beträgt heute noch über 70 Vol.-% Wasser. Der Ausdruck "trockengelegtes" Hochmoor bedeutet aus bodenhydrologischer Sicht, daß man den Hochmoorboden heute "trockenen Fußes" begehen kann.

Description: The peatland area Koenigsmoor (between Hamburg and Bremen) is shortly described, the anthropogeneous development after the first drainage and cultivation (in 1905) from a raised bog to a today cultivated bog soil is explained. The measured groundwater data from 1950 to 1979 are figured as hydrograph (fig. 5). The positive and negative deviations from the average annual course is influenced by the weather. The former raised bog has been developed to a bog soil type with ground—water oxidation and reduction soil horizons. The mean ground-water amplitude (fig. 6) amounts today to 52 cm between the mean maximum in winter (= 59 cm below surface) and the mean minimum in summer (= 111 cm below surface). The field capacity of the raised-bog soil-profile today amounts still to about 70 volume percent water. From the pedohydrological viewpoint the term "dry laid" raised bog means that we can walk on the cultivated bog-soil surface by "dry shod".

Description: research

Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen

Description: Dieser Band enthält 79 Artikel zu Themengebieten der Physik der festen Erde, zu magnetischen und elektrischen Feldern der Erde, zu der Physik der Atmophäre und der angewandten Geophysik veröffentlicht durch die Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft in dem Jahr 1933.

Description: 〈html〉 〈body〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0004.pdf"〉Titelseite〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0005.pdf"〉Autorenverzeichnis〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0006.pdf"〉Sachverzeichnis〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0007.pdf"〉Die Bestimmung des Verlaufes geneigter Diskontinuitätsflächen (einfallende Schichtgrenzen und Verwerfungen) durch das Widerstandsverfahren〈/a〉〈br〉(Stern, W.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0008.pdf"〉Über die Notwendigkeit eines großen Beobachtungsstoffes bei statistischen Untersuchungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Baur, F.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0009.pdf"〉Quantitative Bestimmungen des Luftgehaltes an Radium-Thoriumemanation mittels einer neuen elektrischen Ausströmungsmethode〈/a〉〈br〉(Aliverti, G.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0010.pdf"〉Einige Korrelationen zwischen seismischer Bodenunruhe in Hamburg und der Brandung in West- und Nordeuropa〈/a〉〈br〉(Tams, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0011.pdf"〉Seismische Untersuchungen des Geophysikalischen Instituts in Göttingen〈/a〉〈br〉(Gräfe, H., Ramspeck, A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0014.pdf"〉Bemerkungen zu dem Aufsatz von G. Schmerwitz: "Einfluß der Schneidenlagerung auf die Meßgenauigkeit geophysikalischer Instrumente"〈/a〉〈br〉(Schuler, M.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0015.pdf"〉Vorträge, gehalten auf der X. Tagung der Deutschen Geophysikalischen Gesellschaft, Leipzig, 3. bis 6. Oktober 1932〈/a〉〈br〉(Linke, F.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0017.pdf"〉Die Gezeitenströme und die innere Gezeitenwellen des Atlantischen Ozeans〈/a〉〈br〉(Defant, A)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0019.pdf"〉Die Schwerkraft auf dem Meere〈/a〉〈br〉(Vening Meinesz, F. A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0020.pdf"〉Darstellung einer gebietsweise harmonischen Funktion durch eine harmonische Funktion〈/a〉〈br〉(Hopfner, F.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0021.pdf"〉Bericht über den gegenwärtigen Stand der Entwicklung des statischen Schweremessers〈/a〉〈br〉(Haalck, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0022.pdf"〉Die Genauigkeit von Pendelkontakten und der Einfluß des Steigrades einer Pendeluhr auf die Schwingungsdauer des Pendels〈/a〉〈br〉(Martin, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0023.pdf"〉Das logarithmische Dekrement von Pendeln〈/a〉〈br〉(Meißer, O.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0024.pdf"〉Bericht über die deutschen geomagnetischen und geoelektrischen Beobachtungen während des Internationalen Polarjahrs 1932/33〈/a〉〈br〉(Nippoldt, A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0025.pdf"〉Ein neuer Schwingungsmesser〈/a〉〈br〉(Fanselau, G.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0026.pdf"〉Zur physikalischen Theorie des Erdmagnetismus〈/a〉〈br〉(Schlomka, T.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0028.pdf"〉Eine hochempfindliche magnetische Feldwaage〈/a〉〈br〉(Ostermeier, J. B.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0029.pdf"〉Referate und Mitteilungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Tams, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0030.pdf"〉Berichtigung〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0031.pdf"〉Albert Wigand †〈/a〉〈br〉(Weickmann, L.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0032.pdf"〉Über die Messung der zeitlichen Schwankungen der Schwerebeschleunigung mit Gravimetern〈/a〉〈br〉(Tomaschek, R., Schaffernicht, W.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0034.pdf"〉Störungen von Pendeluhren durch Bodenerschütterungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Gebelein, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0035.pdf"〉Eine praktische Möglichkeit der Triangulationsverbindung mit dem amerikanischen Kontinent〈/a〉〈br〉(Berroth, A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0036.pdf"〉Mapping of Faults by Isogams〈/a〉〈br〉(Vajk, R.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0037.pdf"〉Beitrag zum Thema: Seismische Bodenunruhe〈/a〉〈br〉(Landsberg, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0038.pdf"〉Eine Untersuchung der Polarisation des Nordlichtes〈/a〉〈br〉(Harang, L.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0039.pdf"〉Die Erde, gebremst, beschleunigt, abgelenkt, – erlebt Erdbeben, Taifune, Tornados usw.〈/a〉〈br〉(Michael, W.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0040.pdf"〉Nachtrag zur Frage der Schneidenlagerung〈/a〉〈br〉(Schmerwitz, G.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0041.pdf"〉Bemerkung zu der Arbeit von G. Fanselau: "Ein neuer Schwingungsmesser"〈/a〉〈br〉(Martin, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0042.pdf"〉Erwiderung auf die vorstehende Bemerkung des Herrn Martin〈/a〉〈br〉(Fanselau, G.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0043.pdf"〉Zur vorstehenden Erwiderung von G. Fanselau〈/a〉〈br〉(Martin, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0044.pdf"〉Referate und Mitteilungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Stüve, Brinkmann)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0045.pdf"〉Schneiden- und Unterlagematerial bei invariablen Pendeln für relative Schweremessungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Meißer, O.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0046.pdf"〉Invar-Minimumpendel als Magnetstäbe〈/a〉〈br〉(Lettau, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0047.pdf"〉Die hypothesenfreie Bestimmung der Erdfigur mit neuen Hilfsmitteln〈/a〉〈br〉(Gast, P.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0048.pdf"〉Zur Flutbewegung der festen Erdkruste〈/a〉〈br〉(Kleinschmidt, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0049.pdf"〉Die Flut der festen Erde〈/a〉〈br〉(Tomaschek, R., Schaffernicht, W.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0050.pdf"〉Der Zusammenhang zwischen Spannung und Verformung bei tektonischen Vorgängen〈/a〉〈br〉(Kienow, S.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0051.pdf"〉Eine Erdbebenwarte im Gebiete der Schwäbischen Alb〈/a〉〈br〉(Hiller, W.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0052.pdf"〉Das Erdbeben im Fuldagebiet vom 15. Januar 1933〈/a〉〈br〉(Landsberg, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0053.pdf"〉Über die Homogenität des Magnetfeldes bei symmetrischer Spulenanordnung〈/a〉〈br〉(Fanselau, G.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0054.pdf"〉Studie über das luftelektrische Potentialgefälle und dessen Unruhe unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Einflusses einer Großstadt〈/a〉〈br〉(Kuhn, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0055.pdf"〉Zur Ultraviolettabsorption bodennaher Luftschichten〈/a〉〈br〉(Paul Götz, F. W., Maier-Leibnitz, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0056.pdf"〉Erwiderung zu der Arbeit von H. Schmehl〈/a〉〈br〉(Ansel, E. A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0057.pdf"〉Die Ergebnisse der Entwicklung des Schwerkraftfeldes der Erde nach Kugelfunktionen bis zur 16. Ordnung〈/a〉〈br〉(Ackerl, F.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0059.pdf"〉Referate〈/a〉〈br〉(Jung, H., Haase, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0060.pdf"〉Die praktische Lösung der zweiten Randwertaufgabe der Geodäsie〈/a〉〈br〉(Hopfner, F.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0061.pdf"〉Neue Messungsergebnisse mit dem statischen Schweremesser〈/a〉〈br〉(Haalck, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0062.pdf"〉Einige Korrelationen zwischen seismischer Bodenunruhe in Hamburg und der Brandung in West- und Nordeuropa. II.〈/a〉〈br〉(Tams, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0063.pdf"〉Beitrag zur Frage der temperaturabhängigen Störung der Gleichgewichtslage der Drehwaagegehänge〈/a〉〈br〉(Schleusener, A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0065.pdf"〉Erwiderung auf den Aufsatz von R. Tomaschek und W. Schaffernicht: Die Flut der festen Erde〈/a〉〈br〉(Kleinschmidt, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0066.pdf"〉Bemerkung hierzu〈/a〉〈br〉(Tomaschek, R., Schaffernicht, W.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0067.pdf"〉Die Mitschwingensreduktion von Pendelbeobachtungen 〈i〉(Zu den Ausführungen von E. A. Ansel)〈/i〉〈/a〉〈br〉(Schmehl, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0068.pdf"〉Aufsuchen versteckter Periodizitäten〈/a〉〈br〉(Terebesi, P.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0069.pdf"〉Bemerkungen zu F. Ackerls Berechnung der Geoidundulationen〈/a〉〈br〉(Jung, K.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0070.pdf"〉Stellungnahme zu dem vorangehenden Aufsatz des Herrn Dr. Jung〈/a〉〈br〉(Ackerl, F.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0071.pdf"〉Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Erdbebenkunde und seismisch-akustischen Phänomene Nord-Rhodesiens〈/a〉〈br〉(Rohleder, H. P. T.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0072.pdf"〉Mikroseismische Bodenunruhe und Gebirgsbau (Im westlichen Europa)〈/a〉〈br〉(Schwinner, R.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0073.pdf"〉Die Entwicklung der erdmagnetischen Forschung in Bayern〈/a〉〈br〉(Burmeister, F.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0074.pdf"〉Seismische Untersuchungen des Geophysikalischen Instituts in Göttingen〈/a〉〈br〉(Gerecke, Fr., Ramspeck, A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0077.pdf"〉Bemerkungen zur angewandten Seismik〈/a〉〈br〉(Reich, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0078.pdf"〉Zu vorstehender Arbeit von H. Reich "Bemerkungen zur angewandten Seismik"〈/a〉〈br〉(v. Schmidt, O.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0079.pdf"〉Erdmagnetische Messungen mit Hilfe der Drehwaage〈/a〉〈br〉(Berroth, A, Schleusener, A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0080.pdf"〉Referate und Mitteilungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Büttner, K.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0081.pdf"〉Geophysikalische Berichte〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0009/LOG_0083.pdf"〉Mitgliederverzeichnis der Deutschen Geophysikalischen Gesellschaft nach dem Stande vom 1. Januar 1934〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈/body〉 〈/html〉

Description: research

Description: DGG

Description: DFG

Description: SUB Göttingen

Description: Das Ziel vorliegender Untersuchungen war, das ehemalige Ablagerungsmilieu der karnischnorischen Hallstätter Fazies im Berchtesgadener Raum zu charakterisieren. Es wird zum ersten Male eine Überschau des petrographischen, mikrofaziellen, geochemischen, mineralogischen und paläontologischen Bestandes dieser marinen Folge gegeben.

Description: thesis

Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen

Description: Geologische Karte 1: 25 000 mit Erläuterungen. Digitalisat des FID GEO (Fachinformationsdienst Geowissenschaften der festen Erde), erstellt durch das GDZ (Göttinger Digitalisierungszentrum, SUB Göttinegn), Karte aus dem Bestand der SUB Göttingen.

Description: map

Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen

Description: Fragestellung und Ergebnis der Arbeit beschäftigen sich mit einer pleistozänen Vergletscherung der peruanischen Anden, die nach der in Kap. 4 zitierten Literatur und den in Abb. 56 dargestellten Werten derzeit nicht für möglich gehalten wird. Nach der Publikation erster Ergebnisse (SCHULZ 1986, 1987a, 1987b, 1987c, 1988a, 1988b, 1988c, 1988d, 1989b. 1989C, 1990) hat sich daran nichts geändert. Hiermit wird nun in großer Breite das Beleg- und in Teilbereichen auch Beweismaterial aus einer flächendeckenden, repräsentativen Kartenanalyse vorgelegt. Dabei wurde der Eindeutigkeit oberste Priorität eingeräumt. Alle Formenbeispiele, die eine weitergehende, noch größere Vereisung wahrscheinlich machen, werden in der Beweisführung nicht berücksichtigt. Diese über den karteninterpretatorisch abgesicherten Bereich der Vereisung hinausgehende, mutmaßlich noch größere Vergletscherung als in Abb. 1 (in der Anlage) dargestellt, muß eine Geländeprüfung erhärten oder verwerfen.

Description: research

Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen

Description: Die Badain Jaran Shamo ist als drittgrößte Wüste Chinas durch besondere hydrologische Verhältnisse geprägt, als deren sichtbarer Ausdruck die Existenz von mehr als 100 perennierender Oberflächengewässer im Südosten der Wüste gilt (Abb. 1). In diesem Bereich der Wüste treten auch mit relativen Höhen bis zu 430 m (eigene Messungen mittels Höhenmesser der Fa. THOMMEN) die höchsten Megadünen Zentralasiens, möglicherweise sogar der ganzen Erde auf. Da die Gewässer ganz überwiegend in den Dünentalungen der NE-SW streichenden Megadünen vorkommen, ist ein kausaler Zusammenhang der Gewässerverteilung und der Megadünen zu erwarten. Es ist Ziel, mit der vorliegenden Arbeit die rezenten und vorzeitlichen geoökologischen Verhältnisse lakustriner Systeme am Beispiel der Badain Jaran Wüste und ihres südöstlichen Vorlandes darzulegen und zu deuten sowie einen aktualistisch orientierten Beitrag zur Kenntnis zentralasiatischer Seen und ihrer Veränderungen zu leisten.

Description: research

Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen

Description: Vom größten Moorgebiet Österreichs, dem Ibm-Waidmoos-Bürmoos-Komplex, werden die vermutliche Urvegetation, die bis ca. 1960 vorhandenen Reste naturnaher Vegetation und die Veränderungen derselben in den letzten fünfundzwanzig Jahren besprochen. Flächen mit ehemaligem Hand-Torfstich sind während dieses Zeitraums nach dem Ende der Nutzung stark verbuscht, frühere Streuwiesengebiete versauern (Ausbreitung von Hochmoorarten) oder verschilfen (Ausbreitung von Phragmites, Cladium und Sphagnum-Arten in der Moosschicht). Auch hier ist eine Verbuschungstendenz vorhanden, sie bleibt aber bisher geringer als erwartet. Im allgemeinen kann man sagen, daß die durch die menschliche Einflußnahme entstandenen Vegetationsgrenzen sich allmählich zu verwischen beginnen und die Vegetation sich auf die natürlichen Umweltfaktoren allein einzustellen beginnt.

Description: This paper deals with the largest mire complex in Austria, the Ibm-Waidmoos-Bürmoos-complex. It gives a survey of the semi-natural vegetation remaining until c. 1960, the different kinds of disturbance and the changes in the vegetation cover after the conclusion of human interference in some parts of the mire. In areas where peat was formerly cut by hand, trees grew up (Pinus sylvestris, Picea excelsa, Betula pubescens); areas used for litter production became acidified (thereby encouraging raised bog species to spread) or became covered with reeds (spread of Phragmites, Cladium, and Sphagnum species in the moss layer: Sph. palustre, Sph. Papillosum, Sph. subnitens). Here too there is scrub growth but to a lesser extent than expected. In general it can be said that the vegetation limits caused by human interference are gradually beginning to become less distinct, and that the vegetation is starting to respond to environmental factors alone.

Description: research

Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen

Description: Geologische Karte 1: 25 000. Digitalisat des FID GEO (Fachinformationsdienst Geowissenschaften der festen Erde), erstellt durch das GDZ (Göttinger Digitalisierungszentrum, SUB Göttinegn), Karte aus dem Bestand der SUB Göttingen.

Description: map

Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen

Description: Das vorliegende Heft ist ein Sonderabdruck aus der 2. Auflage des Handwörterbuches der Naturwissenschaften ‚ das im Verlag von Gustav Fischer in Jena erscheint, und gibt eine gemeinverständliche Einführung in die Erdbebenkunde.

Description: research

Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen