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  • Inorganic Chemistry  (3,618)
  • Ecology
  • 2015-2019  (339)
  • 1990-1994  (3,659)
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  • 1
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    Sponge Fishery and Aquaculture in Cuba: Impacts and Challenges. (2019)
    IntechOpen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Sponges are very primitive multicellular organisms that belong to phylum Porifera; they are sessile and live attached to different types of hard and soft substrates. Sponges have different shapes and colours and very varied sizes, from a few millimetres to more than 2 m in height. They inhabit mainly in the marine environment at different depths. This chapter describes the general biological characteristics of sponges, their properties, uses and applications. Moreover, this study discusses a commercial fishery analysis of this natural resource in Cuba during the period 1970–2017, as well as the different characteristics of their natural populations subjected to commercial extraction. The applied techniques for aquaculture, harvest and postharvest processing are reviewed, including those procedures adapted from other countries or locally developed by Cuban fishermen. Finally, this study examines the challenges and perspectives of this productive activity with a long-term eco-sustainable approach.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Sponges ; Ecology ; Aquaculture ; Production
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Book Section , Refereed
    Format: 15pp.
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  • 2
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    New combinations in Cenchrus and Urochloa (Gramineae) (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 64 no. 3, pp. 214-215
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Recent taxonomic innovations have led to the inclusion of most of the Brachiaria species in Urochloa and of all Pennisetum species in Cenchrus. Many of the necessary combinations have been made for the West African species, but still nine new combinations and seven lectotypifications are presented here
    Keywords: Plant Science ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; Brachiaria ; Cenchrus ; Gramineae ; Pennisetum ; sub-Saharan grasses ; Urochloa
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 3
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    In memoriam Peter Hans Hovenkamp (1953\xe2\x80\x932019) (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 64 no. 3, pp. v-ix
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Keywords: Plant Science ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 4
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    Schisandra cauliflora (Schisandraceae), a new species from Vietnam (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 64 no. 2, pp. 183-185
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Schisandra cauliflora, a new species found in northern Vietnam and described here is referable to \nSchisandra subg. Sphaerostema. A morphological comparison with related species, and a key to species in the \nsubgenus is provided.Adescription including details of distribution and habitat is supplemented with a line-drawing.
    Keywords: Plant Science ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; northern Vietnam ; Schisandra ; Schisandra cauliflora ; Schisandraceae ; Sphaerostema
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 5
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    Three new species of Lythraceae and one new species of Stemonaceae described from Indochina (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 64 no. 2, pp. 177-182
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Formal description of some new taxa from Indochina include in Lythraceae a new species of Lagerstroemia, L. poilanei W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes with two varieties, var. poilanei and var. grandis W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes, \ntwo new species of Rotala, R. saxatilis W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes and R. protracta W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes and a new \nvariety of Rotala indica, Rotala indica (Willd.) Koehne var. minima W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes. In Stemonaceae a new \nspecies, Stemona hirtella W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes, is described.
    Keywords: Plant Science ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 6
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    A revision of the Crepidorhopalon whytei complex (Linderniaceae) in eastern Africa (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 64 no. 2, pp. 165-176
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The Crepidorhopalon whytei (Linderniaceae) species complex is revised using morphological analyses. \nBased primarily on variations in indumentum, floral morphology, corolla colour and seed morphology, four species are \nformally recognised within this group in eastern Africa. Crepidorhopalon whytei s.str. is widespread in the highlands \nof eastern Africa, extending from South Sudan and Ethiopia in the north through to western Tanzania in the south. \nA new combination in Crepidorhopalon is made for Lindernia flava (= C. flavus), which is confined to the Manica \nHighlands of the Mozambique-Zimbabwe border. Two new species are described, C. namuliensis which is known \nonly from Mt Namuli in northern Mozambique and C. kwaleensis which is known only from the coastal lowlands of \nsoutheast Kenya. A fifth, imperfectly known species is documented from the Nguru Mountains of Tanzania where it \nis so far known from a single collection. Three names are lectotypified. The habitat requirements and distribution are \ndocumented and the extinction risk is assessed for each species. Crepidorhopalon flavus is assessed as globally \nVulnerable and C. kwaleensis as globally Endangered, while C. namuliensis and C. whytei are currently considered \nto be of Least Concern, although the latter is declining markedly in parts of its range. The botanical importance of \nthe key sites for the newly recognised taxa is discussed.
    Keywords: Plant Science ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 7
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    Recircumscription and revision of the genus Vanoverberghia (Zingiberaceae) (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 64 no. 2, pp. 140-157
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The genus Vanoverberghia currently includes three species namely V. sepulchrei and V. rubrobracteata \nfrom the Philippines and V. sasakiana from Taiwan. New material targeting the Alpinia eubractea clade of the tribe \nAlpinieae was used to test the monophyly of Vanoverberghia.Acombined analysis of the ITS and trnK/matK regions \nreveals that these three species form a strongly supported monophyletic clade with Alpinia diversifolia and Alpinia \nvanoverberghii. The morphological descriptions of all species were updated after examining recent collections and \ncomparing with types and protologues. The original description of A. diversifolia did not include information on \nthe flowers which are described here. The morphology of A. diversifolia and A. vanoverberghii is for most parts in \naccordance with the previous perception of the genus but a few characters are added and a recircumscription of \nVanoverberghia is subsequently provided here. Vanoverberghia diversifolia is reinstated and A. vanoverberghii is \ncombined in Vanoverberghia. Furthermore, collections from northern Luzon documents the presence of V. sasakiana and all species of Vanoverberghia thus occur in the Philippines. A key to the five species is provided including \na comprehensive taxonomic revision and designation of three lectotypes.
    Keywords: Plant Science ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; Alpinia ; ITS ; Lanyu ; Luzon ; new species record ; trnK/matK
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 8
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    Bat Ectoparasites from Sint Eustatius, Lesser Antilles (Diptera: Hippoboscidae: Streblinae; Hemiptera: Polyctenidae) (2019)
    American Society of Parasitologists
    In:  Journal of Parasitology vol. 105 no. 1, pp. 45-51
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: In this paper 4 species of bat ectoparasites are recorded from the island of Sint Eustatius, Dutch Caribbean. One species of true bug (Hemiptera: Polyctenidae) as well as 3 species of bat flies (Diptera: Hippoboscidae: Streblinae) are recorded. All species are photographed. The first DNA barcodes for 3 bat ectoparasite species (Trichobius frequens, Trichobius intermedius, and Hesperoctenes fumarius) have been posted to the BOLD database; DNA barcode sequences for a fourth species (Megistopoda aranea) are the first from a Caribbean island.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; Parasitology
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 9
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    Notes on Malesian Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) 20. The genus Brachypterum (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 64 no. 3, pp. 278-279
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The history of the conservation of Brachypterum against Solori is briefly reviewed. Five new combinations in Brachypterum are made.
    Keywords: Plant Science ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; Brachypterum ; conserving ; Fabaceae ; Flora Malesiana ; new combinations ; Solori
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 10
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    Notes on Malesian Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) 19. Callerya vasta (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 64 no. 3, pp. 275-277
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Two new tree species of Callerya from Borneo, C. katinganensis and C. sarawakensis are described. \nThe new species are closely related to C. vasta. The differences between the three species are discussed.
    Keywords: Plant Science ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; Borneo ; Callerya ; Fabaceae ; Leguminosae-Papilionoideae ; new species
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 11
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    Afrothismia kupensis sp. nov. (Thismiaceae), Critically Endangered, with observations on its pollination and notes on the endemics of Mt Kupe, Cameroon (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 64 no. 2, pp. 158-164
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The achlorophyllous mycotroph Afrothismia kupensis (Thismiaceae), formerly misidentified either as \nA. pachyantha or as A. gesnerioides, is described from Mt Kupe in South West Region, Cameroon and assessed \nas Critically Endangered using the IUCN (2012) categories and criteria. It is threatened by forest clearance due \nto small-holder agriculture. Mt Kupe, with four of the 16 described species of Afrothismia, three of which are site \nendemics, is now the most species-diverse location known globally for the genus. Observations of floral visitors over \nseven days resulted in the identification of the likely pollinator as being females of an unknown species of Phoridae \n(scuttle fly) probably of the genus Megaselia. This is the first record of pollination known in the Thismiaceae, and \nmay represent a mutualism between plant and animal partners.
    Keywords: Plant Science ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; achlorophyllous mycotroph ; conservation ; Glomales ; Megaselia ; mutualism ; Phoridae ; pollination ; Rhizophagus
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 12
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    On the 80th birthday of Frits Adema (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 64 no. 2, pp. iii-iv
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Keywords: Plant Science ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 13
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    A revision of Scleria (Cyperaceae) in Madagascar (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 64 no. 3, pp. 195-213
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: A taxonomic revision of the genus Scleria (Cyperoideae, Cyperaceae) in Madagascar is presented. \nHerbarium specimens have been examined and 422 identified to species level. Our results recognise 25 species \nof Scleria from Madagascar, plus an additional heterotypic variety. Eight species are endemic to Madagascar, two \nare near endemic, eight taxa are also found on mainland Africa, and eight are widespread tropical taxa. Scleria \nachtenii is reported from Madagascar for the first time, and S. rosea is accepted at species level instead of being \nconsidered as a synonym of S. trialata. Distribution maps, conservation assessments, and notes on synonymy, \necology and ethnobotany are provided. Fourty-seven names are typified. Three rare endemic species: S. andringitrensis, S. madagascariensis and S. perpusilla, are assessed as threatened; and a recently described species, \nS. ankaratrensis, is indicated as Data Deficient. The most species-rich infrageneric taxa, sections Hypoporum, \nAbortivae and Foveolidia include 18 taxa in total, and showed strong differences in habitat preference.
    Keywords: Plant Science ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; conservation ; Cyperaceae ; endemic species ; identification key ; Madagascar ; revision ; Scleria
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 14
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    Changing the game: resolving systematic issues in key Fusarium species complexes (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 43 no. 1, pp. i-ii
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Keywords: Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; Fusarium
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 15
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    Numbers to names - restyling the Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 43 no. 1, pp. 186-221
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex (FIESC) is a phylogenetically species-rich complex \nthat includes over 30 cryptic phylogenetic species, making identification based on phenotypic characters problematic. Several established Fusarium species known to reside in the FIESC lack type material, further complicating \nthe use of Latin binomials for this complex. To overcome this problem, an informal classification system based \non a haplotype nomenclature was introduced to improve communication between researchers in various fields. \nHowever, some conflicts in the application of this nomenclature system have arisen. To date, 16 phylo-species in \nthe FIESC have been provided with Latin binomials with approximately 18 FIESC phylo-species still lacking Latin \nbinomials, the majority of which reside in the Incarnatum clade. The aim of this study is to introduce Latin binomials for the unnamed FIESC phylo-species based on phylogenetic inference supported by phenotypic characters. \nThe three-gene (calmodulin, RNA polymerase II second largest subunit and translations elongation factor 1-alpha) \nphylogenetic inference resolved 47 lineages, of which 44 belonged to the FIESC. The F. camptoceras species \ncomplex (FCAMSC) is introduced here for three lineages that are distinct from the FIESC. Epitypes are designated \nfor F. compactum, F. incarnatum and F. scirpi, and a neotype for F. camptoceras. Latin binomials are provided for \n20 of these newly resolved phylo-species in the FIESC.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; morphology ; new taxa ; phylogenetic species ; phylogeny
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 16
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    Resurrecting the genus Geomorium: Systematic study of fungi in the genera Underwoodia and Gymnohydnotrya (Pezizales) with the description of three new South American species (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 44, pp. 98-112
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-06
    Description: Molecular phylogenetic analyses have addressed the systematic position of several major Northern Hemisphere lineages of Pezizales but the taxa of the Southern Hemisphere remain understudied. This study focuses on the molecular systematics and taxonomy of Southern Hemisphere species currently treated in the genera Underwoodia and Gymnohydnotrya. Species in these genera have been identified as the monophyletic /gymnohydnotrya lineage, but no further research has been conducted to determine the evolutionary origin of this lineage or its relationship with other Pezizales lineages. Here, we present a phylogenetic study of fungal species previously described in Underwoodia and Gymnohydnotrya, with sampling of all but one described species. We revise the taxonomy of this lineage and describe three new species from the Patagonian region of South America. Our results show that none of these Southern Hemisphere species are closely related to Underwoodia columnaris, the type species of the genus Underwoodia. Accordingly, we recognize the genus Geomorium described by Spegazzini in 1922 for G. fuegianum. We propose the new family, Geomoriaceae fam. nov., to accommodate this phylogenetically and morphologically unique Southern Hemisphere lineage. Molecular dating estimated that Geomoriaceae started to diverge from its sister clade Tuberaceae c. 112 MYA, with a crown age for the family in the late Cretaceous (c. 67 MYA). This scenario fits well with a Gondwanan origin of the family before the split of Australia and South America from Antarctica during the Paleocene-Eocene boundary (c. 50 MYA).
    Keywords: Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; Geomoriaceae ; Helvellaceae ; Patagonia ; South American fungi ; truffle systematics ; Tuberaceae
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 17
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    Fungal pathogens occurring on Orthopterida in Thailand (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 44, pp. 140-160
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-06
    Keywords: Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; Clavicipitaceae ; Cordycipitaceae ; entomopathogenic fungi ; new taxa ; Ophiocordycipitaceae ; taxonomy
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 18
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    Multi-gene phylogeny and taxonomy of Amauroderma s. lat. (Ganodermataceae) (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 44, pp. 206-239
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-08
    Description: Amauroderma s.lat. has been defined mainly by the morphological features of non-truncate and doublewalled basidiospores with a distinctly ornamented endospore wall. In this work, taxonomic and phylogenetic studies on species of Amauroderma s.lat. are carried out by morphological examination together with ultrastructural observations, and molecular phylogenetic analyses of multiple loci including the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS), the large subunit of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (nLSU), the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB1) and the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB2), the translation elongation factor 1-α gene (TEF) and the β-tubulin gene (TUB). The results demonstrate that species of Ganodermataceae formed ten clades. Species previously placed in Amauroderma s.lat. are divided into four clades: Amauroderma s.str., Foraminispora, Furtadoa and a new genus Sanguinoderma. The classification of Amauroderma s.lat. is thus revised, six new species are described and illustrated, and eight new combinations are proposed. SEM micrographs of basidiospores of Foraminispora and Sanguinoderma are provided, and the importance of SEM in delimitation of taxa in this study is briefly discussed. Keys to species of Amauroderma s.str., Foraminispora, Furtadoa, and Sanguinoderma are also provided.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; Ganodermataceae ; morphology ; phylogeny ; Polyporales ; ultrastructure
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 19
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    Phylogeny and species delimitation of Strobilomyces (Boletaceae), with an emphasis on the Asian species (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 44, pp. 113-139
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-08
    Description: Strobilomyces is broadly distributed geographically and serves an important ecological function. However, it has been difficult to delimit species within the genus, primarily due to developmental variations and phenotypic plasticity. To elucidate phylogenetic relationships among species within the genus and to understand its species diversity, especially in Asia, materials of the genus collected from five continents (Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, and North/Central America) were investigated. The phylogeny of Strobilomyces was reconstructed based on nucleotide sequences of four genes coding for: the largest and the second largest subunits of the RNA polymerase II (RPB1 and RPB2); the translation elongation factor subunit 1-α (TEF1); and the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 3 (COX3). The combined results based on molecular phylogenetics, morphological characters, host tree associations, and geographical distribution patterns support a new classification consisting of two sections, sect. Strobilomyces and sect. Echinati. Using the genealogical concordance phylogenetic species recognition (GCPSR) approach, at least 33 phylogenetic species in Asia can be delimited, all of which are supported by morphological features, and five phylogenetic species remain to be described. The mountainous region of Southwest China is especially special, containing at least 21 species and likely represents a centre of diversification. We further compared our specimens with the type specimens of 25 species of Strobilomyces. Our comparisons suggest that, there are a total of 31 distinct species, while S. sanmingensis, S. verruculosus, S. subnigricans, and S. zangii/S. areolatus, are synonyms of S. mirandus, S. giganteus, S. alpinus and S. seminudus, respectively. Eight new species, namely, S. albidus, S. anthracinus, S. calidus, S. cingulatus, S. densisquamosus, S. douformis, S. microreticulatus and S. pinophilus, are described. A dichotomous key to the Asian Strobilomyces species is provided.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; Boletes ; ectomycorrhizal fungi ; infrageneric treatment ; morphological characters ; taxonomy
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 20
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    Fungal Planet description sheets: 951–1041 (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 43 no. 1, pp. 223-425
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Antarctica, Apenidiella antarctica from permafrost, Cladosporium fildesense from an unidentified marine sponge. Argentina, Geastrum wrightii on humus in mixed forest. Australia, Golovinomyces glandulariae on Glandularia aristigera, Neoanungitea eucalyptorum on leaves of Eucalyptus grandis, Teratosphaeria corymbiicola on leaves of Corymbia ficifolia, Xylaria eucalypti on leaves of Eucalyptus radiata. Brazil, Bovista psammophila on soil, Fusarium awaxy on rotten stalks of Zea mays, Geastrum lanuginosum on leaf litter covered soil, Hermetothecium mikaniae-micranthae (incl. Hermetothecium gen. nov.) on Mikania micrantha, Penicillium reconvexovelosoi in soil, Stagonosporopsis vannaccii from pod of Glycine max. British Virgin Isles, Lactifluus guanensis on soil. Canada, Sorocybe oblongispora on resin of Picea rubens. Chile, Colletotrichum roseum on leaves of Lapageria rosea. China, Setophoma caverna from carbonatite in Karst cave. Colombia, Lareunionomyces eucalypticola on leaves of Eucalyptus grandis. Costa Rica, Psathyrella pivae on wood. Cyprus, Clavulina iris on calcareous substrate. France, Chromosera ambigua and Clavulina iris var. occidentalis on soil. French West Indies, Helminthosphaeria hispidissima on dead wood. Guatemala, Talaromyces guatemalensis in soil. Malaysia, Neotracylla pini (incl. Tracyllales ord. nov. and Neotracylla gen. nov.) and Vermiculariopsiella pini on needles of Pinus tecunumanii. New Zealand, Neoconiothyrium viticola on stems of Vitis vinifera, Parafenestella pittospori on Pittosporum tenuifolium, Pilidium novae-zelandiae on Phoenix sp. Pakistan, Russula quercus-floribundae on forest floor. Portugal, Trichoderma aestuarinum from saline water. Russia, Pluteus liliputianus on fallen branch of deciduous tree, Pluteus spurius on decaying deciduous wood or soil. South Africa, Alloconiothyrium encephalarti, Phyllosticta encephalarticola and Neothyrostroma encephalarti (incl. Neothyrostroma gen. nov.) on leaves of Encephalartos sp., Chalara eucalypticola on leaf spots of Eucalyptus grandis × urophylla, Clypeosphaeria oleae on leaves of Olea capensis, Cylindrocladiella postalofficium on leaf litter of Sideroxylon inerme, Cylindromonium eugeniicola (incl. Cylindromonium gen. nov.) on leaf litter of Eugenia capensis, Cyphellophora goniomatis on leaves of Gonioma kamassi, Nothodactylaria nephrolepidis (incl. Nothodactylaria gen. nov. and Nothodactylariaceae fam. nov.) on leaves of Nephrolepis exaltata, Falcocladium eucalypti and Gyrothrix eucalypti on leaves of Eucalyptus sp., Gyrothrix oleae on leaves of Olea capensis subsp. macrocarpa, Harzia metrosideri on leaf litter of Metrosideros sp., Hippopotamyces phragmitis (incl. Hippopotamyces gen. nov.) on leaves of Phragmites australis, Lectera philenopterae on Philenoptera violacea, Leptosillia mayteni on leaves of Maytenus heterophylla, Lithohypha aloicola and Neoplatysporoides aloes on leaves of Aloe sp., Millesimomyces rhoicissi (incl. Millesimomyces gen. nov.) on leaves of Rhoicissus digitata, Neodevriesia strelitziicola on leaf litter of Strelitzia nicolai, Neokirramyces syzygii (incl. Neokirramyces gen. nov.) on leaf spots of Syzygium sp., Nothoramichloridium perseae (incl. Nothoramichloridium gen. nov. and Anungitiomycetaceae fam. nov.) on leaves of Persea americana, Paramycosphaerella watsoniae on leaf spots of Watsonia sp., Penicillium cuddlyae from dog food, Podocarpomyces knysnanus (incl. Podocarpomyces gen. nov.) on leaves of Podocarpus falcatus, Pseudocercospora heteropyxidicola on leaf spots of Heteropyxis natalensis, Pseudopenidiella podocarpi, Scolecobasidium podocarpi and Ceramothyrium podocarpicola on leaves of Podocarpus latifolius, Scolecobasidium blechni on leaves of Blechnum capense, Stomiopeltis syzygii on leaves of Syzygium chordatum, Strelitziomyces knysnanus (incl. Strelitziomyces gen. nov.) on leaves of Strelitzia alba, Talaromyces clemensii from rotting wood in goldmine, Verrucocladosporium visseri on Carpobrotus edulis. Spain, Boletopsis mediterraneensis on soil, Calycina cortegadensisi on a living twig of Castanea sativa, Emmonsiellopsis tuberculata in fluvial sediments, Mollisia cortegadensis on dead attached twig of Quercus robur, Psathyrella ovispora on soil, Pseudobeltrania lauri on leaf litter of Laurus azorica, Terfezia dunensis in soil, Tuber lucentum in soil, Venturia submersa on submerged plant debris. Thailand, Cordyceps jakajanicola on cicada nymph, Cordyceps kuiburiensis on spider, Distoseptispora caricis on leaves of Carex sp., Ophiocordyceps khonkaenensis on cicada nymph. USA, Cytosporella juncicola and Davidiellomyces juncicola on culms of Juncus effusus, Monochaetia massachusettsianum from air sample, Neohelicomyces melaleucae and Periconia neobrittanica on leaves of Melaleuca styphelioides × lanceolata, Pseudocamarosporium eucalypti on leaves of Eucalyptus sp., Pseudogymnoascus lindneri from sediment in a mine, Pseudogymnoascus turneri from sediment in a railroad tunnel, Pulchroboletus sclerotiorum on soil, Zygosporium pseudomasonii on leaf of Serenoa repens. Vietnam, Boletus candidissimus and Veloporphyrellus vulpinus on soil. Morphological and culture characteristics are supported by DNA barcodes.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; ITS nrDNA barcodes ; LSU ; new taxa ; systematics
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  • 21
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    Fungal Planet description sheets: 868–950 (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 42, pp. 291-473
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Australia, Chaetomella pseudocircinoseta and Coniella pseudodiospyri on Eucalyptus microcorys leaves, Cladophialophora eucalypti, Teratosphaeria dunnii and Vermiculariopsiella dunnii on Eucalyptus dunnii leaves, Cylindrium grande and Hypsotheca eucalyptorum on Eucalyptus grandis leaves, Elsinoe salignae on Eucalyptus saligna leaves, Marasmius lebeliae on litter of regenerating subtropical rainforest, Phialoseptomonium eucalypti (incl. Phialoseptomonium gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus grandis × camaldulensis leaves, Phlogicylindrium pawpawense on Eucalyptus tereticornis leaves, Phyllosticta longicauda as an endophyte from healthy Eustrephus latifolius leaves, Pseudosydowia eucalyptorum on Eucalyptus sp. leaves, Saitozyma wallum on Banksia aemula leaves, Teratosphaeria henryi on Corymbia henryi leaves. Brazil, Aspergillus bezerrae, Backusella azygospora, Mariannaea terricola and Talaromyces pernambucoensis from soil, Calonectria matogrossensis on Eucalyptus urophylla leaves, Calvatia brasiliensis on soil, Carcinomyces nordestinensis on Bromelia antiacantha leaves, Dendryphiella stromaticola on small branches of an unidentified plant, Nigrospora brasiliensis on Nopalea cochenillifera leaves, Penicillium alagoense as a leaf endophyte on a Miconia sp., Podosordaria nigrobrunnea on dung, Spegazzinia bromeliacearum as a leaf endophyte on Tilandsia catimbauensis, Xylobolus brasiliensis on decaying wood. Bulgaria, Kazachstania molopis from the gut of the beetle Molops piceus. Croatia, Mollisia endocrystallina from a fallen decorticated Picea abies tree trunk. Ecuador, Hygrocybe rodomaculata on soil. Hungary, Alfoldia vorosii (incl. Alfoldia gen. nov.) from Juniperus communis roots, Kiskunsagia ubrizsyi (incl. Kiskunsagia gen. nov.) from Fumana procumbens roots. India, Aureobasidium tremulum as laboratory contaminant, Leucosporidium himalayensis and Naganishia indica from windblown dust on glaciers. Italy, Neodevriesia cycadicola on Cycas sp. leaves, Pseudocercospora pseudomyrticola on Myrtus communis leaves, Ramularia pistaciae on Pistacia lentiscus leaves, Neognomoniopsis quercina (incl. Neognomoniopsis gen. nov.) on Quercus ilex leaves. Japan, Diaporthe fructicola on Passiflora edulis × P. edulis f. flavicarpa fruit, Entoloma nipponicum on leaf litter in a mixed Cryptomeria japonica and Acer spp. forest. Macedonia, Astraeus macedonicus on soil. Malaysia, Fusicladium eucalyptigenum on Eucalyptus sp. twigs, Neoacrodontiella eucalypti (incl. Neoacrodontiella gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus urophylla leaves. Mozambique, Meliola gorongosensis on dead Philenoptera violacea leaflets. Nepal, Coniochaeta dendrobiicola from Dendriobium lognicornu roots. New Zealand, Neodevriesia sexualis and Thozetella neonivea on Archontophoenix cunninghamiana leaves. Norway, Calophoma sandfjordenica from a piece of board on a rocky shoreline, Clavaria parvispora on soil, Didymella finnmarkica from a piece of Pinus sylvestris driftwood. Poland, Sugiyamaella trypani from soil. Portugal, Colletotrichum feijoicola from Acca sellowiana. Russia, Crepidotus tobolensis on Populus tremula debris, Entoloma ekaterinae, Entoloma erhardii and Suillus gastroflavus on soil, Nakazawaea ambrosiae from the galleries of Ips typographus under the bark of Picea abies. Slovenia, Pluteus ludwigii on twigs of broadleaved trees. South Africa, Anungitiomyces stellenboschiensis (incl. Anungitiomyces gen. nov.) and Niesslia stellenboschiana on Eucalyptus sp. leaves, Beltraniella pseudoportoricensis on Podocarpus falcatus leaf litter, Corynespora encephalarti on Encephalartos sp. leaves, Cytospora pavettae on Pavetta revoluta leaves, Helminthosporium erythrinicola on Erythrina humeana leaves, Helminthosporium syzygii on a Syzygium sp. bark canker, Libertasomyces aloeticus on Aloe sp. leaves, Penicillium lunae from Musa sp. fruit, Phyllosticta lauridiae on Lauridia tetragona leaves, Pseudotruncatella bolusanthi (incl. Pseudotruncatellaceae fam. nov.) and Dactylella bolusanthi on Bolusanthus speciosus leaves. Spain, Apenidiella foetida on submerged plant debris, Inocybe grammatoides on Quercus ilex subsp. ilex forest humus, Ossicaulis salomii on soil, Phialemonium guarroi from soil. Thailand, Pantospora chromolaenae on Chromolaena odorata leaves. Ukraine, Cadophora helianthi from Helianthus annuus stems. USA, Boletus pseudopinophilus on soil under slash pine, Botryotrichum foricae, Penicillium americanum and Penicillium minnesotense from air. Vietnam, Lycoperdon vietnamense on soil. Morphological and culture characteristics are supported by DNA barcodes.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; ITS nrDNA barcodes ; LSU ; new taxa ; systematics
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  • 22
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    Notes on Malesian Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) 18. The genus Lespedeza (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 64 no. 3, pp. 272-274
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The genus Lespedeza is revised for the Flora Malesiana region. Differences between Lespedeza and \nCampylotropis are briefly discussed. The two genera are united and treated as one genus: Lespedeza. Two species \nare present in Malesia. A key to the species and some notes are provided.
    Keywords: Plant Science ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; Campylotropis ; Fabaceae ; Flora Malesiana ; Lespedeza ; Southeast Asia ; taxonomy
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  • 23
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    Taxonomic revision and molecular phylogeny of Flemingia subgenus Rhynchosioides (Leguminosae) (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 64 no. 3, pp. 253-271
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: A taxonomic revision of Flemingia subg. Rhynchosioides based on morphology and molecular information (matK and ITS) is presented. The subgenus comprises six herbaceous taxa (F. gracilis, F. mukerjeeana, F. nilgheriensis, F. rollae, F. tuberosa and F. vestita). All species except F. vestita are endemic to India. Morphological evidence and molecular phylogeny revealed that the subgenus is monophyletic. Nevertheless, the systematic position of F. tuberosa remains unclear on account of its unique ecology and inflorescence. A new species, F. mukerjeeana, is described and four binomials, namely F. gracilis, F. nilgheriensis, F. tuberosa and F. vestita have been lectotypified. \nFurthermore, all species have been described, illustrated and their ecology discussed. A taxonomic key including the recently described species from Thailand, F. sirindhorniae, is also provided for easy identification
    Keywords: Plant Science ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; Cajaninae ; endemism ; lateritic plateaus ; molecular phylogeny ; taxonomy ; tuber crops
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  • 24
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    A new species of Anadendrum (Araceae \xe2\x80\x93 Anadendreae) from Vietnam (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 64 no. 2, pp. 190-193
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Anadendrum chlorospathum is described as a new species from Central Vietnam, unique in the genus \nby a glossy medium green spathe, flowers in which the perigone is shorter than the gynoecium, and having anthers \nlonger at anthesis than the filaments.
    Keywords: Plant Science ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; Anadendrum chlorospathum ; Gia Lai ; Indochina ; new species ; Vietnam
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  • 25
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    Alseodaphnopsis (Lauraceae) revisited (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 64 no. 2, pp. 186-189
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Generic delimitations among the Asian members of the Persea group, including the recently described \ngenus Alseodaphnopsis, are discussed. These genera, with the exception of Alseodaphnopsis, are characterized by \nreproductive characters. A study of flowers of Alseodaphnopsis species found that Alseodaphnopsis species have \nunisexual flowers and that Alseodaphnopsis is better defined by its unisexual flowers than by vegetative characters. \nThis is the first report of the presence of unisexual flowers in any member of the Persea group.
    Keywords: Plant Science ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; Alseodaphne ; Alseodaphnopsis ; Lauraceae ; Persea group ; unisexual flowers
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  • 26
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    Inversodicraea koukoutamba and I. tassing (Podostemaceae), new waterfall species from Guinea, West Africa (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 64 no. 3, pp. 216-224
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Two new species of Inversodicraea, I. koukoutamba and I. tassing, both from the Republic of Guinea, \nare described as new to science, increasing the number of species known in this African genus to 32, making it the \nmost species-diverse among African Podostemaceae. Both species are remarkable, among other features, for their \nstyles. Inversodicraea koukoutamba is only the third species of the genus with 3, not 2 styles, and is unique in the \ngenus, and in the family, in having each style bifurcate. Inversodicraea tassing has styles equal or exceeding the \nlength of the ovary, being nearly twice as long as those of the species which previously was noted for the longest \nstyles in the genus. Both new species are single-site endemics, the first is assessed here as Critically Endangered \naccording to the IUCN 2012 standard, due to the incipient construction of the World Bank backed Koukoutamba \nhydroelectric dam which threatens several other plant species assessed as Critically Endangered or Endangered. \nThe second species, I. tassing, is assessed as Near Threatened, since there are currently no threats known at \npresent to the single known site.
    Keywords: Plant Science ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; Bafing River ; conservation ; dams ; extinct ; Guinea ; hydroelectricity ; OMVS ; waterfalls ; World Bank
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  • 27
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    A taxonomic revision of Phyllanthus subgenus Macraea (Phyllanthaceae) (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 64 no. 3, pp. 231-252
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Within the morphologically diverse pantropical genus Phyllanthus, many subgenera, sections and subsections are recognized. While most taxonomic revisions often focus on local floras, closely related and often resembling species are not always treated in full. Subgenus Macraea is here revised for the first time over its whole \ndistribution, including an identification key and descriptions of its species with distributions, ecology, uses and \nvernacular names. The currently acknowledged varieties of Phyllanthus distichus are rejected due to inadequate \nmorphological differences. Phyllanthus panayensis is synonymized with P. lancifolius. Phyllanthus alpestris has \nnow become a variety of P. glaucophyllus because of the resemblance in morphology and distribution. The species \ncomplex around Phyllanthus virgatus remains taxonomically difficult, but Phyllanthus virgatus var. gardnerianus \nand Phyllanthus virgatus var. hirtellus are here recognized on the species level as P. gardnerianus, stat nov. and \nP. tararae, stat & nom. nov. A new species from the Philippines, Phyllanthus ridsdalei, is described
    Keywords: Plant Science ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; Euphorbiaceae ; Macraea ; new species ; Phyllanthaceae ; Phyllanthus ; revision ; species descriptions ; taxonomy
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  • 28
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    Back to the roots: a reappraisal of Neocosmospora (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 43 no. 1, pp. 90-185
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The genus Neocosmospora (Fusarium solani species complex) contains saprobes, plant endophytes \nand pathogens of major economic significance as well as opportunistic animal pathogens. Advances in biological \nand phylogenetic species recognition revealed a rich species diversity which has largely remained understudied. \nMost of the currently recognised species lack formal descriptions and Latin names, while the taxonomic utility of old \nnames is hampered by the lack of nomenclatural type specimens. Therefore, to stabilise the taxonomy and nomenclature of these important taxa, we examined type specimens and representative cultures of several old names by \nmeans of morphology and phylogenetic analyses based on rDNA (ITS and LSU), rpb2 and tef1 sequences. Sixtyeight species are accepted in Neocosmospora, 29 of them described herein as new; while 13 new combinations \nare made. Eleven additional phylogenetic species are recognized, but remain as yet undescribed. Lectotypes are \nproposed for eight species, seven species are epitypified and two species are neotypified. Notes on an additional \n17 doubtful or excluded taxa are provided.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; Fusarium ; new taxa ; systematics ; taxonomy
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  • 29
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    Vegetation associations and relative abundance of rodents on St. Eustatius, Caribbean Netherlands (2019)
    Elsevier BV
    In:  Global Ecology and Conservation vol. 20 no. e00743
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-18
    Description: Since the introduction of non-native rodents to the Caribbean region, these invaders have successfully occupied many, if not most, islands where they pose tremendous threats to native biodiversity and ecosystems. The objective of our study was to conduct a preliminary assessment of the relative abundance of invasive alien rodents in different vegetation types on the small Caribbean island of St. Eustatius, which has no native rodent species. We used tracking tunnels (baited ink cards placed in tunnels to identify the prints of animals lured to the card) to determine the presence of rodent species. We collected data in 25 x 25 m (n = 13) and 5 x 5m (n = 130) plots to determine whether elevation, number of tree species, canopy cover or other microhabitat components were correlated with rodent relative abundance. Invasive rodents are present in varying relative abundances in rural areas on St. Eustatius. House mice (Mus musculus) were not recorded inside the terrestrial protected areas, whereas black rats (Rattus rattus) were detected in all elevations and all but one vegetation type sampled. We determined significant correlations between some of the habitat characteristics, especially elevation, canopy height, leaf litter cover and number of tree species, which showed significant collinearity with 27 of 45 pairwise comparisons. There was a significant correlation between rodent relative abundance and the number of tree species, but not between elevation, number of living trees, number of shrubs, rainfall, canopy cover, canopy height, leaf litter cover, leaf litter depth, or slope. There was a significant difference within vegetation types for the frequency of traps containing rat versus mouse tracks. Our study was impacted by two major hurricanes in September 2017.
    Keywords: Nature and Landscape Conservation ; Ecology ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics
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  • 30
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    A new species concept for the clinically relevant Mucor circinelloides complex (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 44, pp. 67-97
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-02
    Description: Mucor species are common soil fungi but also known as agents of human infections (mucormycosis) and used in food production and biotechnology. Mucor circinelloides is the Mucor species that is most frequently isolated from clinical sources. The taxonomy of Mucor circinelloides and its close relatives (Mucor circinelloides complex – MCC) is still based on morphology and mating behaviour. The aim of the present study was a revised taxonomy of the MCC using a polyphasic approach. Using a set of 100 strains molecular phylogenetic analysis of five markers (ITS, rpb1, tsr1, mcm7, and cfs, introduced here) were performed, combined with phenotypic studies, mating tests and the determination of the maximum growth temperatures. The multi-locus analyses revealed 16 phylogenetic species of which 14 showed distinct phenotypical traits and were recognised as discrete species. Five of these species are introduced as novel taxa: M. amethystinus sp. nov., M. atramentarius sp. nov., M. variicolumellatus sp. nov., M. pseudocircinelloides sp. nov., and M. pseudolusitanicus sp. nov. The former formae of M. circinelloides represent one or two separate species. In the MCC, the simple presence of well-shaped zygospores only indicates a close relation of both strains, but not necessarily conspecificity. Seven species of the MCC have been implemented in human infection: M. circinelloides, M. griseocyanus, M. janssenii, M. lusitanicus, M. ramosissimus, M. variicolumellatus, and M. velutinosus
    Keywords: Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; mating tests ; maximum growth temperature ; Mucor ; mucormycosis ; new taxa ; phylogeny ; taxonomy ; zygospore formation
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  • 31
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    Novel collophorina-like genera and species from Prunus trees and vineyards in Germany (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 45, pp. 46-67
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-09
    Description: Strains with a yeast-like appearance were frequently collected in two surveys on the biodiversity of fungi in Germany, either associated with necroses in wood of Prunus trees in orchards in Saxony, Lower Saxony and Baden-Württemberg or captured in spore traps mounted on grapevine shoots in a vineyard in Rhineland-Palatinate. The morphology of the strains was reminiscent of the genus Collophorina: all strains produced aseptate conidia on integrated conidiogenous cells directly on hyphae, on discrete phialides, adelophialides and by microcyclic conidiation, while in some strains additionally endoconidia or conidia in conidiomata were observed. Blastn searches with the ITS region placed the strains in the Leotiomycetes close to Collophorina spp. Analyses based on morphological and multi-locus sequence data (LSU, ITS, EF-1α, GAPDH) revealed that the 152 isolates from wood of Prunus spp. belong to five species including C. paarla, C. africana and three new species. A further ten isolates from spore traps belonged to seven new species, of which one was isolated from Prunus wood as well. However, a comparison with both LSU and ITS sequence data of these collophorina-like species with reference sequences from further Leotiomycetes revealed the genus Collophorina to be polyphyletic and the strains to pertain to several genera within the Phacidiales. Collophorina paarla and C. euphorbiae are transferred to the newly erected genera Pallidophorina and Ramoconidiophora, respectively. The new genera Capturomyces, Variabilispora and Vexillomyces are erected to accommodate five new species isolated from spore traps. In total nine species were recognised as new to science and described as Collophorina badensis, C. germanica, C. neorubra, Capturomyces funiculosus, Ca. luteus, Tympanis inflata, Variabilispora flava, Vexillomyces palatinus and V. verruculosus.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; Collophora ; morphology ; multi-locus phylogeny ; new taxa ; species diversity ; systematics
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  • 32
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    Patterns of coevolution between ambrosia beetle mycangia and the Ceratocystidaceae, with five new fungal genera and seven new species (2019)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 44, pp. 41-66
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-09
    Description: Ambrosia beetles farm specialised fungi in sapwood tunnels and use pocket-like organs called mycangia to carry propagules of the fungal cultivars. Ambrosia fungi selectively grow in mycangia, which is central to the symbiosis, but the history of coevolution between fungal cultivars and mycangia is poorly understood. The fungal family Ceratocystidaceae previously included three ambrosial genera (Ambrosiella, Meredithiella, and Phialophoropsis), each farmed by one of three distantly related tribes of ambrosia beetles with unique and relatively large mycangium types. Studies on the phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary histories of these three genera were expanded with the previously unstudied ambrosia fungi associated with a fourth mycangium type, that of the tribe Scolytoplatypodini. Using ITS rDNA barcoding and a concatenated dataset of six loci (28S rDNA, 18S rDNA, tef1-α, tub, mcm7, and rpl1), a comprehensive phylogeny of the family Ceratocystidaceae was developed, including Inodoromyces interjectus gen. & sp. nov., a non-ambrosial species that is closely related to the family. Three minor morphological variants of the pronotal disk mycangium of the Scolytoplatypodini were associated with ambrosia fungi in three respective clades of Ceratocystidaceae: Wolfgangiella gen. nov., Toshionella gen. nov., and Ambrosiella remansi sp. nov. Closely-related species that are not symbionts of ambrosia beetles are accommodated by Catunica adiposa gen. & comb. nov. and Solaloca norvegica gen. & comb. nov. The divergent morphology of the ambrosial genera and their phylogenetic placement among non-ambrosial genera suggest three domestication events in the Ceratocystidaceae. Estimated divergence dates for the ambrosia fungi and mycangia suggest that Scolytoplatypodini mycangia may have been the first to acquire Ceratocystidaceae symbionts and other ambrosial fungal genera emerged shortly after the evolution of new mycangium types. There is no evidence of reversion to a non-ambrosial lifestyle in the mycangial symbionts.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; 14 new taxa ; Microascales ; Scolytinae ; symbiosis ; two new typifications
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 33
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    Epistemologien des Umgebens (2019)
    transcript Verlag - Bielefeld University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-12-16
    Description: The rise of the term "environment" to describe the present marks the influence that reflection on environmental relations and the possibility of engineering artificial environments have gained since the mid-nineteenth century. In closed artificial worlds such as space stations or artificial ecosystems, the entanglement of the "environment" with the surrounding organisms becomes the subject of a biopolitics that today opens up new spaces in autonomous environmental control technologies. Florian Sprenger pursues this transformation of ecological environmental knowledge with the aim of better understanding current technologies, making the term understandable and highlighting the biopolitical dimension of each ecology.
    Description: Der Aufstieg des Begriffs »Environment« zur Beschreibung der Gegenwart markiert den Einfluss, den das Nachdenken über Umgebungsrelationen und die Möglichkeit der technischen Gestaltung künstlicher Umgebungen seit Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts gewonnen haben. In geschlossenen artifiziellen Welten wie Raumstationen oder künstlichen Ökosystemen wird die Verschränkung des »Environments« mit den umgebenen Organismen zum Gegenstand einer Biopolitik, die heute in autonomen Technologien der Umgebungskontrolle neue Räume erschließt. Florian Sprenger verfolgt diese Transformation ökologischen Umgebungswissens mit dem Ziel, gegenwärtige Technologien besser zu verstehen, den Begriff unselbstverständlich zu machen und die biopolitische Dimension jeder Ökologie herauszuarbeiten.
    Keywords: Media ; Technology ; Ecology ; Environment ; Biopolitics ; Surrounding ; Artificiality ; Organism ; Environmental Knowledge ; Science ; Media Theory ; History of Science ; Media Studies ; Medien ; Technik ; Ökologie ; Environment ; Biopolitik ; Umgebung ; Künstlichkeit ; Organismus ; Autonome Technologie ; Umgebungswissen ; Wissenschaft ; Medientheorie ; Wissenschaftsgeschichte ; Medienwissenschaft ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFD Media studies
    Language: German
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  • 34
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    Designing and establishment of ISO / IEC 17025:2005 international standard system in the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea Ecology Research Center laboratories (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: This project was carried out from November 2008 for about two years. Seven laboratories of the research center including: Chromatography, Instrumental Analysis, Aquatic zoology, Sample preparation, Histology, Plankton and Benthos were selected for the accreditation. The quality manual of the test laboratories was written following the general requirements of ISO/IEC 17025. During the establishment of the system standardization of the test methods, calibration of the equipment, test methods validation, uncertainty estimation of measurement and update and improvement of physical conditions of the laboratories were performed. The technical and quality management competence of the laboratories were evaluated by the auditors from DGA (the German Accreditation System for Testing Laboratories), which is signatory of ILAC (International Laboratory Accreditation Co-operation). The laboratories officially accredited by DGA, after the successful completion of the accreditation process (including implementation of corrective actions for the detected nonconformities). The accreditation is valid from 2009-11-12 to 2014-11-11. Production of reliable results of the test methods from national and international scientific organizations' point of view as well as facilitation in development of bilateral and multilateral relations with them can be considered as the advantages of the system establishment. Moreover, exchange of the relevant scientific information and experiences among the researchers will be facilitated.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Histology ; Physical ; ISO 17025:2005 ; Testing Laboratories ; Calibration ; Accreditation ; Chromatography ; Instrumental Analysis ; Aquatic ; Plankton ; Benthos ; ISO 17025 ; ISO 2005
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 80pp.
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  • 35
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    Short communication: Ecological classification of southern zones of the Caspian Sea (Mazandaran Province), based on CMECS model (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: A coastal area is a confluence of land and marine ecosystems and includes the independent biological, ecological, and geological area. Increasing pressure on these areas can decrease the quality of marine habitats, and can even lead to the loss of sensitive habitats (Lund and Wilbur, 2007). In this regard, a “biotope” has been suggested as the most informative operational unit for research and management (Costello, 2009). These biotopes, however, have been specified by the dominant species; they depend on the seabed, they are stable, and sometimes are used synonymously with the word ecology (Madden et al., 2008).
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Surface geology ; Biotic cover ; CMECS model ; Ecological ; Classification
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.1246-1253
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  • 36
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    Coral relocation in Chabahar Bay, the North-east of Oman Sea (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Corals are marine benthic animals typically living in compact colonies of many identical individual polyps (Barnes, 1987; Gateno et al., 1996; Sumich, 1996). Coral reefs are important for many reasons including: a) Most importantly, they provide protection and shelter for many different species of fish. b) They turn surplus carbon dioxide in the water into a limestone shell. Without coral, the amount of carbon dioxide in the water would increase dramatically and that would affect all living things on Earth. c) Similar to a barrier, the coral reefs protect coasts from strong currents and waves by slowing down the water before it gets to the shore. d) Coral reef ecosystems support a variety of human needs such as fisheries and tourism (James and Spurgeon, 1992; Moberg and Folke, 1999; Cesar, 2000). Therefore, the conservation of coral colonies is very vital for marine organisms and human. In Chabahar Bay, the coral reefs are in danger of destruction due to the development program of Shahid Beheshti Port. Since the corals are very sensitive to turbidity and suspended sediments from land reclamation and dredging projects, therefore appropriate measures should be conducted for conservation and recovery of them. At present, the coral relocation is suggested as a good method for recovery of coral reefs after a disturbance in condition of their native habitats . In our project, over 28,000 hard corals were transported to coast of Hotel Lipar (Fig. 1), an area at a distance of 3.5 km far from Shahid Beheshti Port. Also, the new techniques were used for coral reattachment and transportation.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Coral relocation ; Coral carrier ; Corals ; Coral transportation ; Coral detachment ; Coral health monitoring ; Reef
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.241-247
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  • 37
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    Study on inheritance of microsatellite markers in hybrid of chalcaburnus chalcoides and vimba vimba persa in southern part of Caspian Sea (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: In order to study the Inheritance of Microsatellite Markers in the hybrid of Chalcalburnus chalcoides and Vimba vimba persa in the Southern part of the Caspian Sea, hybridization between the species was carried out during spring (2009) in Shahid Ansari reproduction and culture workstation. 30 samples from the produced larva and also small piece of dorsal and pectoral fin of their parents were collected and stored in pure ethanol (96%) and transferred to the biotechnology of the Caspian Ecology Academy. DNA was extracted from fin samples of the parents, whilst the whole F1 progeny was used to isolate the DNA by Phenol-chloroform method. Quantity and quality of extracted DNA was determined using 1% Agarose electrophorus. DNA was used for PCR ampilification of 10 microsatellite loci. The amplifications were run on 6% Polyacrylamid electrophorus. The present study showed that 7 out of 10 markers were polymorphic and variated between the parents. Goodness of fit to the Mendelian inheritance ratio was determined by X2 analysis. 4 primers were segregrated according to Mendelian expectations at a significance level of P 0.05. Based on UPGMA dendrogram (Nei, 1978) two different clusters were obtained in which Chalcalburnus chalcoides and hybrid were in the same cluster but Vimba vimba persa was in the other. It seems that Vimba vimba persa is a joint ancestor for these two. High heterozygosity presence in parents and their F1 shows the high potential of genetic variety in Chalcalburnus chalcoides and Vimba vimba persa which from the aquaculture management and conservation view is important and considering the high genetic variety in their hybrid, the hybrid has the sufficient potential for race improvement.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Chalcalburnus chalcoides ; Vimba vimba persa ; Hybrid ; Microsatellite ; Hybridization ; Culture ; Samples ; Larvae ; DNA ; Inheritance ratio ; Heterozygosity
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 85pp.
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    Study of Ecology and the Potential for Exploiting Saline Surface Waters of Fars Province in Aquaculture- Dehram River (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Aquaculture activity is restricted mainly to rainbow trout in cold waters and carps in warm waters in inland waters of Iran as well as Fars Province. Probably for this reason saline waters of south and southeast Fars have not been used for aquaculture. These rivers are ecosystems with a diverse biota, it is predictable that can be found some there endemic aquatic organisms with a potential for aquaculture. Finding a suitable organism can help increase wise use of this natural resource, and local production and recruitment. However, it is highly needed to investigate various environmental elements prior to any use to obtain an estimation of the environmental consequences, parallel to finding usage potentials. In This study, we investigated Dehram saline river in south of Fars Province. Hydrological and physiographical properties, chemical composition of the river, and aquatic populations were sampled and measured monthly in 3 stations in one year. Salinity, electrical conductivity, and total dissolved solids increased from station 1 to 3, reaching from 6.6 g/L, 14.3 g/L, and 12800 µs/cm to 13.5 g/L, 17.7 g/L, and 16500 µs/cm, respectively. Dissolved oxygen and oxygen saturation were higher in station 3, and in autumn and winter. Nitrite showed lowest values in winter (0.006 mg/L) and highest values in spring (0.013 mg/L). Nitrate showed the lowest concentration in station 3 (0.43 mg/L), but no differences were seen among seasons. Ammonium showed no differences among stations or seasons. Phosphate levels in station 1 and 3 were 0.13 mg/L‌to 0.17 mg/L, with the highest level (0.29 mg/L) seen in the spring. Five species of fishes were identified in the river, which all were widely favored by local people. Some of these have been categorized as edible in previous studies, others as ornamental. On the other hand, intensive growth of an algal species throughout the river demonstrates a potential for algal cultivation. Significant role of algae in production of food for both man and livestock is now well recognized in aquaculture industry.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Dehram River ; Limnology ; Saline water ; Physico-chemical parameters ; Aquaculture
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 62pp.
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  • 39
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    The percentage determination of Rutilus frisii kutum (200, 500 and 1000 mg) resistance to salinity, turbidity and decrease of oxygen by usage of the river water at the releasing meantime (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The survey effect of salinity, turbidity and dissolved oxygen performed on Rutilus frisii Kutum juveniles with aim, which was determined about survival rate and histological changes in gill and kidney tissues. Juveniles provided from the Rajai's fish propagation center and then examined in Caspian Sea Ecology Research Center laboratory. The juveniles were investigated on three weight group (200-〈400, 400-〈600, 600-〈1000 mg) and two dissolved oxygen levels (7.6 ± 0.19, 3.8 ± 0.15 mg/L)in fresh water and Caspian sea water(12.5 ppt). Also, six turbidity levels (50 FTU, 430FTU, 2600 FTU, 7800 FTU, 15600 FTU) were probed in freshwater during 168hr. Each treatment has three replications. The factorial test evaluated for survival rate in treatments. The results shown that there was a significant difference among treatments in the different levels of factors, (p〈0.05, Duncan test). The juveniles' survival rate has decreased than control treatment in brackish water and turbidity in freshwater. It was demonstrated that with increasing fish weight, therefore, the survival rate is increased. The lowest survival rates under salinity stress (〉75%) had shown in 400-〈600mg weight group with dissolve oxygen: 3.8±0.15SE mg/l. In addition, the lowest survival rates under turbidity stress (95.83%) had shown that in weight group less than 400 mg with turbidity 15600 FTU. Therefore, survival of juveniles was high. However, gill tissue of juveniles under turbidity and salinity stress became short (necrosis) and thick (edema and hyperplasia) in the end of experiments. The juveniles gill tissues were not changes in the river clear freshwater. Therefore, the factors of gill tissue deformation were salinity and suspended particles in the water. However, the structures of kidney in the different groups of juveniles were similar. Nevertheless, juveniles glomerular diameter increased with increasing weight (p〈0.05, Duncan test). Furthermore, there was a increasing the internal cavity of the proximal and distal tubules and decreasing of glomeruli in diameter in the transfer of juveniles from freshwater to brackish water. Although the survival rate of juveniles is acceptable in this study, but there was abnormal changes in the structure of them gills. It appears that this change will cause a disruption in trend of juvenile's growth.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Rutilus frisii Kutum ; Juvenile ; Salinity ; Turbidity ; Oxygen ; Survey ; Survival rate ; Gill tissue ; Freshwater ; Brackishwater
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 71pp.
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  • 40
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    Evaluate The Impact of Dietary Herbal Appetizer on the Growth Performance of Growth out shrimps (Liptopenaeus vannamei) (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The main goal of the current study is to evaluate the impact of dietary herbal appetizer on the growth performance of growth out shrimp. This project was conducted at Caspian sea research institute of ecology from 2014 to 2016. Totally 180shrimps with an average weight of 2 g were randomly distributed to 9 fiberglass tanks with area and depth of 1m2 and of 0.6 m. The experiment lasted for eight weeks and the shrimp were fed by three different diets as follows: 1. Commercial pellet contained no herbal additive (control diet) 2. Commercial pellet contained 1% herbal appetizer and 3. Commercial pellet contained 2% herbal appetizer. The results showed that prawn weight gains for diet 1 , 2 and 3 were 6.28, 5.68 and 6.07 respectively. The estimated growth rate was 2.34g for control diet, 2.22g for 1% inclusion of the additive and 2.28g for 2% inclusion of the additive. Results also showed that inclusion of the additive did not change statistically average final weight (p〉0.05). A larger weight gain was observed at 0% additive inclusion although this was not statistically different with other treatments. In conclusion, with regard to the observed results, herbal appetizer administration cannot improve growth, feed conversion rate and weight gain in common carps.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Dietary herbal ; Pellet ; shrimp ; Growth ; Common carp ; Liptopenaeus vannamei
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 24pp.
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  • 41
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    Short communication: The effect of black seed oil and olive oil on shelf life of dry-salted crucian carp (Carassius carassius Linneaus, 1758) (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Seafood important in the health of human beings, is qualified as sensitive nutrients that have a limited shelf life (Gram and Huss, 2000). Due to their sensitivities, varieties of preservation methods have been used from past to present. One of these methods is salting that has been used traditionally. The salting process is divided into 3 groups including dry salting, brine salting and mixed salting (Erdem et al., 2005). With developing technology, the rate of salt is being decreased in salting process. In addition to this, different methods (chemical, herbal, etc.) are being used by the addition of several preservatives. One of these preservatives is olive oil which has the effect of an antioxidant on the product. Besides, it also contains a big amount of tocopherol which is well known and common antioxidants (Burt, 2004; Kykkidou et al., 2009). It is well known that black seed and its oil has an antimicrobial, antifungal and antihelmintic effects (Salem, 2005). Crucian carp is a freshwater fish. Global production of farmed crucian carp had reached 2 595 735 tonnes in 2013 (FAO, 2016). Turkey has been exporting it to the Middle Eastern countries in recent years. Currently, there has been no study on processing of crucian carp. Also, the effects of olive oil and black seed oil on shelf life and quality criteria of dry-salted seafoods have not been investigated.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Carassius carassius ; Dry salting ; Black seed oil ; Olive oil ; Shelf life
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.1624-1631
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  • 42
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    The species composition and nutrition of dominant species of fish of Absheron Gulfs of the Caspian Sea (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The analysis of net catches made in Absheron Gulfs of the Caspian Sea during 2011-2012 is provided. The ichthyofauna of Absheron Gulfs, including 26 species found in the North Gulf, and 33 species and subspecies found in the South Gulf was studied for the first time. A taxonomical and ecological diversity of the fish fauna of North and South Absheron Gulfs is characterized. The peculiarities of distribution and population densities of all species of fishes from different families within the studied territories were analyzed. For each of hydrological seasons, numerous, common, infrequent and rare species were revealed. On migration patterns and catch, the lowest biomass of fishes was observed in the warm season, while the highest was in the winter and spring seasons. The tendency of expansion of ranges of some marine fishes-Gasankuli herring Alosa braschnikowi kisselewitschi, Sara herring A. braschnikowi sarensis, big-eyed herring A. braschnikowi autumnalis, Sara shad A.caspia knipowitschi- to the north was recorded.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Alosa braschnikowi kisselewitschi ; A. braschnikowi autumnalis ; A. braschnikowi sarensis ; A.caspia knipowitschi ; Ichthyofauna ; Biodiversity ; Distribution ; Density ; Dominant Species ; Food ; Population ; Distribution
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.513-522
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  • 43
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    Short communication: Age and growth of king nase, Condrostoma regium (Cyprinidae), from Bibi-Sayyedan River of Semirom, Isfahan, Iran (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Age determination is an important step in fisheries management (Polat et al., 1999). The cyprinid fish Chondrostoma regium (Heckel, 1843) is widely distributed in Tigris-Euphrates basin and the Mediterranean basins of southeastern Turkey and the northern Levant (Suiçmez et al., 2011). In Iran, it is found in Karun and Karkheh Rivers, the Hoor-al-Azim Marsh and also in Zayandehrud River and Bushehr basin (Ghorbani Chafi, 2000; Keivany et al., 2015a). This species is not found in other basins of Iran (Esmaeili et al., 2014a). However, there is little information about its habitat requirements. Length-Weight relationship and condition factor of C.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Growth parameters ; Length-Weight relationship ; Condrostoma regium
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.1214-1223
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  • 44
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    Otolith and scale morphologies of doctor fish (Garra rufa) inhabiting Kangal Balıklı Çermik thermal spring (Sivas, Turkey) (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Garra rufa is one of the most popular therapeutic and commercially important fish in ichthyotherapy. Otolith and scale morphology provide new and useful information for fish identification and classification. Left-right asteriscus and lapillus otoliths from juvenile and adult doctor fish, and the scales from 6 different regions of the juvenile and adult fish body have been examined in Kangal Balıklı Çermik thermal spring (Sivas, Turkey). The otolith and scale morphological characters such as type, size, shape, mesial surface, lateral surface, antirostrum and rostrum shapes, focus position, circuli appearance, radii type and posterior and anterior margin shapes were distinguishable features for the juvenile and adult G. rufa samples. Three different otolith shapes were observed such as squared and discoidal otolith shapes for asteriscus pairs and oval to elliptic otolith shapes for lapillus pairs in the juvenile and adult doctor fish. Seven different scale shapes were described from six different body regions of the G. rufa in the current study. The graphical illustration of wavelets was used for both asteriscus and lapillus pairs of the fish to discover otolith variabilities. This is one of the first otolith and scale morphology studies for the juvenile and adult doctor fish. All these otolith and scale characters and their morphologies could be used for best alternative tools to identification, classification, phylogenetic relationships among the different freshwater and marine fish species, genera, populations or stocks.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Garra rufa ; Otolithology ; Scale morphology ; Shape indices ; Otolith
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp. 1593-1608
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  • 45
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    Determination of heavy metal (Cr, Zn, Cd and Pb) concentrations in water, sediment and benthos of the Gorgan Bay (Golestan province, Iran) (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The coastal area of the Caspian Sea and Gorgan Bay are important ecosystems receiving discharge from their tributaries. In this study, concentration of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn) and chromium (Cr) was seasonally determined at 8 sampling points during 2009-2010. Water samples were collected from the sampling stations and transferred to laboratory in polyethylene containers, whereas, sediment and benthic fauna samples were collected using a Van Veen grab. The levels of heavy metals were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy method. Results showed that range of Pb, Cd, Cr and Zn in the water samples were 80-123, 61-97, 63-87 and 82-120 ppb, respectively and their ranges in the sediment samples were 479-1072, 98-293, 102-622 and 937-1577 ppb, respectively. The range of Pb, Cd, Cr and Zn in the benthos samples were 95-132, 59-110, 26-58 and 103-155 ppb, respectively. Zn and Pb were the most concentrate metals in all samples. Likewise, sediment had the highest heavy metal content amongst the samples. This study demonstrated that the level of metals in the environment is increasing, bringing a serious warning to industries and threat of man-made contamination, which can be restricted and a necessity to control ecosystem and food-chain pollution
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Water ; Heavy metals ; Sediment ; Benthos
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.449-455
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  • 46
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    Effects of Spartina alterniflora invasion on distribution of Moerella iridescens in a tidal flat of Western Pacific Ocean (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The invasion of Spartina alterniflora significantly affected the local ecosystem of Western Pacific Ocean where Moerella iridescens lives. Five patches with different invasion stages of S. alterniflora were selected and the influence on distribution of M. iridescens was studied on the coast of Wenzhou Bay, China in 2007. The aggregated distribution pattern was proved by using Taylor's power regression and Iwao's plot regression methods (p〈0.001). The densities were significantly affected by the factors of S. alterniflora invasion stage and season (p〈0.001), but no significant effect of interaction (p=0.805) occurred. M. iridescens mainly clumped in the habitats of no invasion and initial invasion of S. alterniflora was in the high tidal zone, and the lowest density was recorded where complete invasion occurred. The densities were larger in warmer than in cooler seasons. There were significant positive correlations among the average densities in seasons. Density variation must be the response of M. iridescens to the environment, including S. alterniflora invasion stage, temperate stress and interspecific associations.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Spartina alterniflora ; Moerella iridescens ; Coastal wetland ; Distribution pattern ; Habitats
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp. 108-117
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  • 47
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    Phytoplankton of Aras dam reservoir (Iran): an attempt to assess water quality (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The Aras reservoir, located in the north-west of Iran, plays an important role in fisheries, drinking and agricultural water supplies and recreational activities in the region. This study was performed to characterize the seasonal fluctuations of phytoplankton communities and their relationship with environmental factors in the Aras reservoir from August 2013 to May 2014. Sampling was carried out seasonally from 5 sampling locations. In each location three samples were taken for phytoplankton identification and enumeration, chemical analysis and chlorophyll a determination. In total, 72 species belonging to 5 divisions were determined. Cyanobacteria contained the highest density (74%) during the study period with Pseudanabaena limnetica as the most abundant species. This group retained its dominance the whole year round which indicated the poor quality and high nutrient load of the Aras reservoir, mainly due to human activities. On average, Trophic State Index (TSI) showed that water in the reservoir was eu-hypereutrophic. The results indicated that phytoplankton density negatively correlated with Secchi disc depth (R2 = -0.479), total alkalinity (R2 = -0.564), total hardness (R2 = -0.727) and HCO3 concentration (R2 = -0.589). On the other hand, there was a positive correlation between the phytoplankton density and TP (R2 = 0.734). A comparison between the present and a previous study indicated that the cyanobacterial bloom pattern in the Aras reservoir has shifted from warm season toward an all year round cycle which in addition to basin pollution due to anthropogenic activities, can be related to global warming and climate change.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Pseudanabaena limnetica ; Phytoplankton ; Water quality ; Reservoir ; Cyanobacteria ; Trophy 1-Faculty
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.1318-1336
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  • 48
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    Effect of different Alphamune levels in artificial diet on growth parameters, digestibility and enzyme activity of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum 1792) (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of Alphamune, a mixed prebiotic composed of mannan-oligosaccharide and β-glucans, on the growth performance, digestibility and enzyme activity of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. A basal diet was formulated using common feed ingredients supplemented with Alphamune at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 g.kg-1 leading to five experimental diets. Obtained results showed that inclusion of dietary Alphamune significantly increased the final weight and weight gain (p〈0.01) of rainbow trout compared to the control group. Feed conversion ratio was also improved after prebiotic administration in comparison with the control group (p〈0.05). However, Alphamune supplementation did not change specific growth rate (p〉0.05). Also apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) was not affected by dietary addition of the prebiotic (p〉0.05). Our results indicated that amlayse and lipase activities were not significantly influenced by administration of different doses of Alphamune. The result also showed that trypsin activity was gradually increased with increasing of the probiotic level (p〉0.05). In conclusion, inclusion of the prebiotic Alphamune can improve the nutrient efficiency and growth performance of rainbow trout confirming the positive effect of a mixture of prebiotics on fish.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Oncorhynchus mykiss ; Rainbow trout ; Prebiotic ; Alphamune ; Growth ; Digestibility ; Enzyme activity ; Parameters ; Diets ; Levels
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.1055-1066
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  • 49
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    Short communication: Study on epilithic diatoms in the kozluk creek (Arapgir-Malatya, Turkey) (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Being the most important members of phytoplankton and phytobenthos, both of which are the primary producers of surface water resources, algae play a very important role in the biological productivity of waters with their oxygen production through photosynthesis and they synthesize the organic materials. Furthermore, with their high levels of protein, algae are used as human and animal food as well as being used in the production of organic fertilizers and organic vitamins. Another reason for algae currently being among the most researched organisms is their easy and inexpensive productions in culture media. With the recognition of the importance of algae in standing waters and streams, the number of studies conducted on these organisms has rapidly increased. In Turkey, the number of studies on algae in streams is quite high [(Altuner and Gurbuz (1989), Altuner and Gurbuz (1991) Yıldız (1991) , Yildiz and Ozkiran (1994), Ertan and Morkoyunlu (1998), Sahin (1998), Cetin and Yavuz (2001), Solak et al. (2012), Sivaci and Dere (2007), Mumcu et al. (2009), Pala and Caglar (2008)].
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Kozluk Creek ; Diatom ; Epilithic ; Algae
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.441-450
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  • 50
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    Isolation and identification of halophilicbacteria from Urmia Lake in Iran (2018)
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    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Halophiles are in all three domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria and Eucarya. Halophilic microorganisms in addition to form major part of life biodiversity can have many biotechnological applications. The objective of this research is isolation and identification of halophilic bacteria from Urmia Lake in Iran and the study of its bacterial biodiversity. After sampling of brines from Urmia Lake from 10 stations and depth of approximately 30-50 cm, in April 2011 and transfer to the laboratory in the sterile conditions, samples were enriched and cultured on defined media, and incubated. After appearance of colonies, selected strains were studied based on morphology, physiology and biochemical characteristics. For phylogenetic identification, their genomic DNA were extracted and amplified by PCR technique. Therefore their sequences were determined by genetic experiment based on 16S rRNA gene sequence and their similarity were analysed in GenBank of EzTaxon database. Finally the phylogenetic tree was constructed. Studied strains belonged to three genera: Halomonas 50% (including H. andesensis LC6(T) [12.5%], H. gomseomensis M12(T) [12.5%], H. hydrothermalis Slthf2(T) [12.5%], H. boliviensis LC1(T) [6.25%] and H. janggokensis M24(T) [6.25%]), Salinivibrio 25% (including S.costicolasubsp. alcaliphilus DSM 16359(T) [18.75%] and S. sharmensis BAG(T) [6.25%]) and Idiomarina 25% (including I .loihiensis L2TR(T) [25%]).
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Halophilic bacteria ; Species diversity ; Isolation ; Phylogenetic ; DNA analysis
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.45-59
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  • 51
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    Short communication: Effects of induced spawning on early development in snout otter clam, Lutraria philippinarum (Deshayes, 1854) (Bivalvia: Mactridae) (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Throughout the world, bivalves play an important role in the national economy of many countries. In 2005, the contribution of bivalves to the total global trade of fish and fishery products was approximately US$ 78.9 billion (WHO, 2010). Though the contribution of the overall bivalve production to aquaculture increased, production from wild harvests exhibited a downward trend. Increased fishing efforts from rapidly growing population, habitat destruction, environmental changes, pollution, high seafood and shell trade global demand are the factors which lead to the decline of many mollusk resources. One of the commercially important bivalves which showed a declining catch is Lutraria philippinarum (Bantoto and Ilano, 2012). This species is served as a special dish in restaurants of the Philippines and Vietnam making it highly in demand.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Lutraria philippinarum ; Spawning induction ; Embryonic development
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.1230-1236
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  • 52
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    Short communication: Jellyfish of Khuzestan coastal waters and their impact on fish larvae populations (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: One of the most valuable groups in the food chain of aquatic ecosystems is zooplankton. A large portion of them are invertebrate organisms with great variety of forms and structure, size, habitat and food value. The term ‘jellyfish’ is used in reference to medusa of the phylum Cnidaria (hydromedusae, siphonophores and scyphomedusae) and planktonic members of the phylum Ctenophora (Mills, 2001). Jellyfish medusa is a zooplankton which is frequently present in coastal ocean waters and all marine habitats. They are also primary predators of other zooplanktons which have significant impact on abundance and diversity of zooplankton communities that are one of the key parts of the marine food web. Most jellyfish include Hydromedusae, Siphonophora and Scyphomedusae and planktonic Ctenophora, especially in the productive warm months (Brodeur et al., 1999). In recent years, the frequency of the jellyfish in many ecosystems has increased (Xian et al., 2005; Lynam et al., 2006).
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Jellyfish ; Fish larvae ; Populations
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.422-430
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  • 53
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    Temporal and spatial distribution pattern of Bullacta exarata in a tidal flat at south shore of Hangzhou Bay, China (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The distribution pattern of Bullacta exarata was studied in different seasons of 2004 at south shore of Hangzhou Bay, China. We found that the distribution pattern of B. exarata was aggregated in each season by Taylor's power regression and Iwao's plot regresses methods (P 〈 0.001). Based on two-way ANOVA analysis, the results indicated that the densities were significantly affected by the factors of season (P 〈 0.001), distance to the dyked dam (P 〈 0.001) and the interaction between them (P 〈 0.001). The densities distribution followed with the distance gradient was significantly different in each season with one-way ANOVA analysis. The results of Pearson correlation coefficients analysis on data of density indicated that in the warmer seasons (spring and summer) the highest densities occurred at 150 m to the dyked dam, while in the cooler seasons peak in densities were at 250 m to the dyked dam (autumn and winter). In the study area, seasonal variation of B. exarata densities should be the response of the species to the environmental change, especially the food resource.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Bullacta exarata ; Density ; Benthic community ; Temporal ; Distribution ; Spring ; Summer
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.96-104
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  • 54
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    Internal parasites of saposhnikovi shad, Alosa saposchnikowii (Grimm, 1887), from the southeastern part of the Caspian Sea, Iran (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: This paper presents the results of a parasitological study on internal parasitic infections in saposhnikovi shad, Alosa saposchnikowii, from the southern part of the Caspian Sea. In this regard 30 fish were studied for abdominal cavity parasites in February 2014. Results showed all of the specimens were infected at least with one kind of parasite and there was no significant difference in parasitic infections between males and females. According to the results three kinds of parasites including one trematode (Pronoprymna ventricosa) and two kinds of nematodes (Anisakis simplex and Eustrongylides sp) were isolated from the abdominal cavity of the studied fish. 43.33 % of the specimens were infected with A. simplex, 96.66 % were infected with P. ventricosa and 16.66 % of the specimens were infected with Eustrongylides sp. Intensity of infection to A. simplex, P. ventricosa and Eustrongylides sp in saposhnikovi shad was calculated as, 3.46 ± 1.76, 131 ±16.78 and 2 ± 0.71, respectively. According to the results 33.33% intestine, 10% liver and 6.66% mesentery of specimens were infected with A. simplex, 26.66% stomach, 86.66% pyloric caeca and 66.66% intestine of studied fish were infected with P. ventricosa and Eustrongylides sp was isolated in 13.33% mesentery and 3.33% liver of the specimens. It seems this is the first record of A. simplex and Eustrongylides sp infection from saposhnikovi shad in Iran. These parasites are important because of their pathogenicity in fish and zoonotic risk in human health care.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Anisakis simplex ; Eustrongylides sp ; Pronoprymna ventricosa ; Trematode ; Nematode ; Parasites ; Alosa saposchnikowii ; Fish
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.1067-1077
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  • 55
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    Effects of Salinity on Embryonic and Early Larval Development of a Tropical Sea Urchin, Salmacis sphaeroides (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Effects of salinity on fertilization, embryonic stage, and early larval development and growth performances of short-spined white sea urchin, Salmacis sphaeroides were conducted under a controlled laboratory condition. The experiment was carried out with seven salinity treatments (15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45 PSU), each of which was triplicated. Significantly highest fertilization success was achieved at 30 PSU, followed by those at 25, 35, 20, 40 and 45 PSU, while the lowest value was obtained at 15 PSU, decreased with increasing and decreasing salinities (p〈.05).The time required to reach these embryonic and larval stages was increased with the salinity deviations from 30 till the extent to 25 and 35 PSU. No significant differences (p〉.05) were noted among these three salinity levels on prism larval length and width. However, significance differences (p〉.05) were noted in morphometric characters of 2-arm and 4-arm pluteus larvae. The findings of the this study indicate that S. sphaeroides is stenohaline and do not survive and develop out of the range from 25 to 35 PSU.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Salmacis sphaeroides ; Sea urchin ; Salinity ; Embryo ; Larvae development
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.456-468
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  • 56
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    Infection of skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis (Linnaeus 1758) of Oman Sea with cestode Trypanorhyncha (Diesing 1863) (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Numerous reports on existence of white cysts in musculature of skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis and lack of information about the quality of cysts and individual responses of fish to them led the authors to focus on this fish as a commercially valuable species. This study investigated the histopathologic responses of skipjack tuna to highly prevalent cystic larval stages of Trypanorhyncha. Some 92.25% of 400 examined skipjack tuna of Oman Sea (Iran) captured from processing center in Chabahar have been diagnosed infected by Trypanorhyncha Larvae through gross muscle examination. Minimum of 5 to maximum of 19 cysts were observed per each flank flesh with no significant difference between number of cysts from right (9 ± 4) and left flanks (10 ± 4) and also males and females (p〉.05, t- student test (spss version 16)). Using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of 4µm sections of surrounded cysts with muscle and light microscopy observations each metacestode was distinguished encapsulated by surrounding fibrous cyst wall consists of thin inner layer and a thick outer layer with the minimal histopathologic changes around it. The highly prevalent Trypanorhyncha infection in Oman Sea represents the high rate of infection among elasmobranches. The ability of encapsulated parasite to escape from the immune system of the host is assumed as one reason for the observed minimal tissue response in infected fish and the continuation of infection among elasmobranches and teleosts of Omen Sea.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Katsuwonus pelamis ; Skipjack tuna ; Trypanorhyncha ; Histopathology
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.469-476
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  • 57
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    The growth, survival rate and reproductive characteristics of Artemia urmiana fed by Dunaliella tertiolecta, Tetraselmis suecica, Nannochloropsis oculata, Chaetoceros sp., Chlorella sp. and Spirolina sp. as feeding microalgae (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: This study was performed to compare the efficiency of six microalgae namely Dunaliella tertiolecta, Tetraselmis suecica, Nannochloropsis oculata, Chaetoceros sp., Chlorella sp. and Spirolina sp. on the growth, survival rate and reproduction efficacy in Artemia urmiana in laboratory conditions. Artemia cysts were harvested from Urmia Lake and hatched according to the standard method. Live microalgae were cultured using the f/2 culture medium. Artemia survival was determined in treatments on days 8, 11, 14, 17 and 20. A highly significant difference (p〈0.01) were found among three microalgae in terms of length growth, survival rates and reproduction characteristics in A. urmiana. In spite of higher length growth of A.urmiana fed on N. oculata than A. urmiana fed by T. suecica but survival and reproduction in the latter was better than the first treatment. In general, D. tertiolecta was more efficient than other microalgae examined in the present study on A. urmiana concerning not only to growth and survival but also to reproduction mode. So, it is preferred to feed A. urmiana.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Dunaliella tertiolecta ; Tetraselmis suecica ; Nannochloropsis oculata ; Chaetoceros sp. ; Chlorella sp. ; Spirolina sp. ; Artemia urmiana ; Microalgae ; Length growth ; Survival rate ; Feeding
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.727-737
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  • 58
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    The first record of Southern Ocean sunfish, Mola ramsayi from Northern Oman Sea, Iran (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: This report provides the first record of the Mola ramsayi from the northern Oman Sea, Iranian waters. The order Tetradontiformes contain the Molidae family that is a diverse marine fish group and contains eight families, 64 genera, and 320 species (Nelson, 2010). Ocean sunfish or molas belong to the family Molidae. These species are epipelagic in nature (Matsuura, 2002). The molid species are characterized in having a distinctive laterally compressed shape, two fused teeth in jaws, no spines in dorsal and anal fins, no caudal peduncle; caudal fin lost; posterior and end of body reduced to a leathery flap or pseudocaudal (clavus). Johns and Britz (2005) tested the hypothesis that the clavus is 1) a highly modified caudal fin, or 2) formed by highly modified elements of the dorsal and anal fins. Based on ontogenetic elements, they concluded that the later is correct, that is formed by modified elements of the dorsal and anal fin, and that the caudal fin is lost in molids. Jawad et al. (2010) provide a literature review on Molidae family in which goes back to the earliest descriptions by Linnaeus (1758) and by Koelreuter (1766).
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Southern ocean sunfish ; Mola ramsayi ; First record
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.242-246
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  • 59
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    Seasonal change of thyroid histomorphological structure and hormone production in yellowfin seabream (Acanthopagrus latus) in the Persian Gulf (2018)
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    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Seasonal changes of the thyroid gland structure and hormones secretion was examined in yellowfin seabream (Acanthopagrus latus) in the northwest of Persian Gulf (Musa creek). Thyroid gland composed of follicles scattered around the ventral aorta, near the gills. Follicular cells varied according to secretion of the gland during warm and cold seasons. Thyroid hormones (Triidothyronine [T3] and Thyroxine [T4]) were detected in the fish serum in levels ranged from 4.09-1.30 ng/mL for T3 and from 1.10-0.21 ng/mL for (T4) in the warm and cold seasons, respectively. The results showed that the height of thyroid epithelium and plasma concentration of thyroid hormones (thyroid activity) in A. latus increased significantly during spring and summer. The peak of these factors occurred in midsummer (August). Then, the thyroid activity decreased significantly during autumn and early winter from October to December according to decrease of temperature. T3 and T4 increased significantly from January to April.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Production ; Yellowfin seabream ; Acanthopagrus latus ; Thyroid gland ; Triidothyronine ; Thyroxine ; Histology ; Plasma ; Blood ; Hormone ; Structure ; Histomorphological ; Seasonal
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.840-848
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  • 60
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    Allometric growth pattern and morphological changes of green terror Andinoacara rivulatus (Günther, 1860) (Cichlidae) during early development: Comparison of geometric morphometric and traditional methods (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Allometric growth pattern and body shape changes of the Green terror (Andinoacara rivulatus)(Cichlidae) were studied using landmark-based geometric morphometric (GM) and traditional methods, from hatching up to 1266 Hours Post Hatching (HPH) under culture conditions. The left side of specimens were photographed using digital camera and morphometric characters, including total length, head length, tail length, trunk length, eye diameter, snout length and body depth were measured using ImageJ software. In GM method, ten landmark-points were digitized on 2D pictures. Allometric growth patterns were calculated as a power function of total length and described by the growth coefficient to reveal important steps in the species’ early life history. The scores of relative warp analysis (RW) were used as descriptors for the variation in shape. The growth patterns obtained by both traditional morphometric (TM) and GM methods showed similar patterns, but GM showed effective results to interpret the morphological changes and revealing larval stages based on the body shape change. The results also showed higher growth rate of head and tail regions up to yolk sac absorption following by isometric patterns, after begin of exogenous feeding. Based on the findings, the early development of this species can be divided into five stages based on its morphology, including newly hatching larvae (up to 48 HPH), younger larvae (156 HPH), older larvae (426 HPH), younger juvenile (666 HPH) and juveniles. The results confirmed this fact that morphological development and growth patterns during early life stages in A. rivulatus closely match its immediate required function.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Green terror ; Aquarium ; Relative warp ; Ontogeny ; Morphometrics ; Andinoacara rivulatus ; Growth ; Morphological ; Body shape ; Growth pattern
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.222-237
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  • 61
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    Review Papers:Species diversity and distribution pattern of marine mammals of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman - Iranian Waters (2018)
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    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: A total of 98 marine mammal records from Iranian coastal waters of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman were compiled of which 66 are previously unpublished new records. Seventy-nine were from the Persian Gulf and 16 from the Gulf of Oman coast. The largest numbers of records were from Qeshm Island and Bushehr Provinces. Records of finless porpoise (Neophocaena phocaenoides), Indo-pacific humpback dolphin (Sousa chinensis) and Indo-pacific bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops aduncus) were by far the most numerous probably reflecting their inshore distribution and local abundance. Other species recorded are common dolphin (Delphinus capensis tropicalis), rough-toothed dolphin (Steno bredanensis), Risso’s dolphin (Grampus griseus), false killer whale (Pseudorca crassidens), and dugong (Dugong dugon). Evidence of 22 Mysticetes were obtained eight of which were tentatively identified as Bryde’s whales (Balaenoptera edeni), three as fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) and three as Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae). The largest threat to marine mammals in Iran is likely to be incidental capture in fishing gear. Six by caught finless porpoises were recorded and this species may be particularly vulnerable to incidental mortality in gillnets. Recommended marine mammal research, conservation and management small projects in Iran are described.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Neophocaena phocaenoides ; Sousa chinensis ; Tursiops aduncus ; Delphinus capensis tropicalis ; Steno bredanensis ; Grampus griseus ; Pseudorca crassidens ; Balaenoptera edeni ; Balaenoptera physalus ; Megaptera novaeangliae ; Marine mammals ; Species diversity ; Distribution patterns ; Species ; Marine
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.927-944
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  • 62
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    The effects of physicochemical parameters on fish distribution in Eğirdir Lake, Turkey (2018)
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    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The present study was conducted based on the fish species and physicochemical parameters of Eğirdir Lake. Sampling was carried out monthly from January through December 2010 between 9 am and 11 am. The parameters measured were water temperature, depth, secchi disk depth, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, saturation of dissolved oxygen, pH, conductivity, chloride, hardness, calcium, magnesium, bicarbonate, carbonate, nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, sulphate, phosphate, silica, organic substance, acid power (SBV) and chlorophyll-a. Monthly sampling was performed at four stations at different depths. Water temperature ranged from 6.9±0.5 °C in February to 26.8±0.4 °C in August. Minimum secchi disk depth recorded was 0.5 m while the maximum was 2.4 m. Dissolved oxygen ranged from 4.2±0.2 to 12.6±0.6 mgL-1. The pH values ranged from 8.4 to 9.6. In this study, 15 fish species, belonging to eight families were identified. Among the 15 fish species recorded, Cyprinidae was the dominant family followed by Percidae (3 %). According to detrended correspondence analysis (DCA), variables were able to explain 90 % of total variation suggesting a significant result. The results showed that water temperature, dissolved oxygen and saturation of dissolved oxygen were the most important physicochemical parameters affecting fish distribution. Other pyhsicochemical parameters of this lake did not show any significant statistical differences in determining fish distribution.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Fish distribution ; Physicochemical parameters
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.846-857
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  • 63
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    Relationships between the physicochemical parameters and zooplankton in Eğirdir Lake (Turkey) (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The zooplankton community structure in Eğirdir Lake (Isparta-Turkey) was studied monthly throughout an annual cycle (January 2010-December 2010). The zooplankton community was represented by three main groups: Rotifera, Cladocera and Copepoda, respectively comprised 89.62%, 7.78% and 2.60% of the total zooplankton abundance. Eğirdir Lake was dominated by the rotifera Polyarthra dolichoptera in September and October, that succeeded by cladocera Bosmina longirostris species during December. Canonical correspondance analysis (CCA) was used to relate species distribution to environmental factors. The variation in the species data was significantly (p〈 0.05) related to a set of environmental variables (conductivity, carbonate, pH, ammonium, organic substances, dissolved oxygen, saturation of dissolved oxygen, chloride and temperature). According to the CCA result, variables were able to explain 81.9% of the total variation suggesting a significant result. The rotifer, Asplanchna priodonta, and the crustaceans, B. longirostris and Nauplius larvae seemed to be affected by environmental gradients.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Bosmina longirostris ; Asplanchna priodonta ; Physicochemical parameters ; Zooplankton ; Species
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.118-132
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  • 64
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    Spatial and temporal patterns of benthic macrofauna in Gorgan Bay, south Caspian Sea, Iran (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: We quantified the distribution, abundance and assemblage structure of macrofauna at 22 stations in Gorgan bay, seasonally in 2012-2013. Also, depth, temperature, salinity, DO, TOM and sediment particle size were measured in each station. The highest concentration of TOM was measured near the western littoral zone (10.22) while the mouth part and north-eastern area was characterized by the lowest values (2.65 % and 4.69). A total of 31658 individuals belonging to 12 families and 14 species were identified. Polychaeta with 3 species was the most dominant group in terms of abundance. The four most abundant taxa making up 85% of all specimens were Streblospio gynobranchiata, Tubificidae, Hediste diversicolor and Abra segmentum. The maximum density (7,893 ind/m2) was obtained at station 1 while the minimum (1,777 ind/m2) was observed at station 16. The western area was characterized by the highest species diversity (H', 1.94) and the stations 10, 8 and 7 were characterized by the lowest diversity indices (H', 0.72, 0.77 and 0.87, respectively). The PCA showed that water parameters with more temporary variations had a greater significance in explaining the system variability, and a not marked but evident difference between the two parts of Gorgan Bay was observed and supported by nmMDS test. So Gorgan Bay presents transitional macrobenthic assemblages that are spatially distributed along substrate gradients but it seems that the coastal ecosystem of the south Caspian Sea and mouth-eastern part of Gorgan Bay is very dynamic and some species are forming a metapopulation toward western sites.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Streblospio gynobranchiata ; Tubificidae ; Hediste diversicolor ; Abra segmentum ; Spatial ; Temporal ; Benthic macrofauna ; Metapopulation ; Abundance ; Structure
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.252-274
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  • 65
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    Short communication: Age, growth and mortality of Caspian Spirlin, Alburnoides eichwaldii (De Filippi, 1863), from Aras River Basin in Turkey (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The genus Alburnoides belongs to the Leuciscine cyprinids and is distributed in Europe and eastern parts of Asia. Only two subspecies have been consistently reported for Alburnoides bipunctatus (Heckel, 1858) from Turkey (Kuru, 2004), A. bipunctatus eichwaldii and A. bipunctatus fasciatus. Just a few years ago, some taxonomic work focusing on the genus Alburnoides reported 4 new species from Turkey (Turan et al., 2013; 2014). Alburnus eichwaldii (De Filippi, 1863), described from the Kurpresso Tiflis (Kura River near Tbilisi, Georgia), is usually regarded as a Caspian Sea basin subspecies of A. bipunctatus (Bogustkaya, 1997; Nazari et al., 2009). Recently, the species was considered to be a full species (Fricke et al., 2007).
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Caspian spirlin ; Alburnoides eichwaldii
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.1237-1245
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  • 66
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    Short communication: First report of mangrove whipray Himantura granulata (Macleay, 1883) from the Persian Gulf, Iran (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Dasyatidae is primarily a marine subfamily, which is most common in shallow tropical waters. The species of this family are distributed worldwide; from tropical to warm temperate; Atlantic (Including the Mediterranean Sea), the Indian, and Pacific Ocean (Nelson, 2006). Six genera, Dasyatis (synonyms Trygon and Urolophoides), Himantura, Pastinachus (synonym Hypolophus), Pteroplatytrygon, Taeniura, and Urogymnus, with about 68 species are included in this family (Compagno, 2005). In the Persian Gulf, some members of family Dasyatidae are important species in terms of number and biomass. This family is represented by three genera (Dasyatis, Himantura and Pastinachus) and seven species, although they have been frequently confused by forms and colors (Vosoughi, 1997; Behzadi, 2006; Last et al., 2012; Moore, 2012a).
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; First report ; Mangrove whipray ; Himantura granulata
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.1224-1229
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  • 67
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    State of Mnemiopsis leidyi (Ctenophora: Lobata) and mesozooplankton in Iranian waters of the Caspian Sea during 2008 in comparison with previous surveys (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Mnemiopsis leidyi which was accidentally introduced into the Caspian Sea in 1999 and since then has colonized extensively. The horizontal distribution of M. leidyi and dominant mesozooplankton species was investigated in the south western Caspian Sea during February, May, July and November 2008. The average number and biomass of M. leidyi were in the same range (ca 200 individuals.m-3 (2000 ind.m-2) and 16 g wet weight.m-3 (180 g.m-2) in comparison with previous surveys. As in previous years the population consisted mainly of individuals 〈1 cm. The decline in mesozooplankton species observed since 1996 continued in 2008. Only two species of the previously recorded 24 Cladocera species were found in 2008. Of five Copepoda species recorded in 1996, only one, Acartia tonsa, was found in 2008 and even here adult individuals have reduced 3-fold since 1996. Bivalve larvae have declined by one order of magnitude since 1996. Among the dominant species, only the numbers of Cirripedia larvae and in part the numbers of Pleopis polyphemoides (Cladocera) were in the same range as in 1996.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Mnemiopsis leidyi ; Acartia tonsa ; Mesozooplankton ; Long-term fluctuation
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.732-754
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  • 68
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    Age, growth, sex ratio and diet of eastern mosquitofish Gambusia holbrooki Girard, 1859 in Seyhan Dam Lake (Adana/Turkey) (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The aim of this study is to provide necessary information on the biology of mosquitofish in Seyhan Dam Lake in Adana, which is located in southern part of Turkey. The population structure of eastern mosquitofish Gambusia holbrooki Girard, 1859 was studied in Seyhan Dam Lake. A total of 1582 specimens (772 males and 810 females) were collected monthly from January to December, 2007. The age composition of the sample range between 0+ and 2+in both sexes. The sex ratio was M:F= 1:1.04. The length-weight relationship calculated for all individuals, with W=0.0129 x L2.927. von Bertalanffy growth parameters were for males, L∞=3.31cm, K=0.6597 year-1, to =0.9483 year for females L∞=6.62cm, K=0.2369 year-1, to =0.9259 year for all samples, L∞=5.84cm, K=0.2369 year-1, to =-1.0740 year. A total of 102 stomachs were examined and total of organisms identified from alimentary canal. The diet mainly consist of Diptera (Chironomidae (pupa) 29.40% Diptera (adult) 24.50%), Egg (mosquito 14.70% different organisms 1.96%), Crustacea (Copepoda 9.80%, Cladocera 3.92%), Coleoptera 4.90%, Hemiptera 1.96%, Fishes (G. holbrooki 3.92%), Other Hymenoptera 1.96%, Tricoptera 0.98%, Plecoptera 0.98%, Formicidae 0.98%. These data were conducted to compare with the results of other studies to carry out for other geographic areas.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Chironomidae ; Diptera ; Copepoda ; Cladocera ; Coleoptera ; Hemiptera ; Hymenoptera ; Tricoptera ; Plecoptera ; Formicidae ; Mosquitofish ; Gambusia holbrooki ; Life history ; Diets ; Growth ; Age ; Sex ratio
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.204-218
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  • 69
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    Ecological classification of southern intertidal zones of Qeshm Island, based on CMECS model (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The “Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS)”, a new approach to ecological classification, was applied to 122 km of the southern intertidal zone of Qeshm Island located the Hormouz Strait - the Persian Gulf. Two components of this model, Surface Geology (SGC) and Biotic Cover (BCC) were used. Considering the extent and geomorphological alternations of the covered area, 12 sampling sites within 5 sub-regions were designated using by GPS. In total, 60 habitats (biotopes) with 47 codes were determined this variety of biotopes is directly related to the diverse surface geology (substrate) of the covered area. Most of the biotopes and codes were recorded in the mid-eastern coastal zone, due to heterogeneity in substrate structure associated with numerous ecological niches in rocky shores. Crustacean species such as Eriphia smithi, Thalamita prymna, Molluscan species such as Clypeomorous bifisciatus, Cerithium caeruleum and echinoderm species such as Echinometra mathaei and Ophiactis sp. were characteristic of rocky shores, while Crustacea groups including Ocypode rotundata and Dotilla sp., and Umbonium vestiarium (Mollusca) were characteristic of sandy shores. Although the highest number of codes was recorded in Zeitun Park site (Eastern coast), it did not possess the expected specific species (such as Diadema setosum, Linckia multiflora and Ophiocoma scolopendrina), that were encountered in sites with similar surface geology. This could have been caused by tourist traffic at the Zeitun Park site.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Classification ; Clypeomorous bifisciatus ; Cerithium caeruleum ; Echinometra mathaei ; Ophiactis sp. ; Ocypode rotundata ; Umbonium vestiarium ; Diadema setosum ; Linckia multiflora ; Ophiocoma scolopendrina ; Surface Geology ; Biotic Cover ; Biotope ; CMECS model ; Coastal Zone ; Ecological ; Species
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.1-19
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  • 70
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    Assessment of cadmium and lead in the water and trout fish (Salmo trutta) of Zayandehroud River, a case study of Zarinshahr rice farms, Isfahan (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: This study aimed to investigate the concentrations of two heavy metals, lead and cadmium, in the water of Zayandehroud River which is surrounded by Zarinshahr rice farms. Water was sampled from a depth of 30 cm during June, July and August 2015, i.e. during the process of planting, growing and after harvesting, in three stations. Water was collected from three points; 20m before the farms, beside the farms and 100m after the farms. Three water samples and one trout fish (Salmo trutta) sample were collected each month and the concentrations of lead and cadmium were measured in the kidney, liver and gills of trout fish. The results showed that the amounts of lead and cadmiumin in the water were less and more than standard levels for these metals, respectively. The average concentrations of cadmium in the water were 15.81, 11.25, 8.92 mg/L during June, July and August, respectively. It is evident that the amount of cadmium in water was significantly higher in June during the planting phase and use of fertilizers and pesticides was more than the other months (p£0.01). There was a correlation in cadmium and lead concentrations between water and fish organs (kidney, liver and gill).
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Salmo trutta ; Agricultural practices ; Heavy metals ; Pesticide ; Pollution ; Fertilizers ; Trout fish ; Cadmium ; Lead
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.188-199
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  • 71
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    Influence of trout farm effluents on water quality parameters and benthic macroinvertebrates (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The aim of this study was to assess the influence of trout farm effluents on water quality parameters in the Dohezar Stream. In this study two trout farms and 7 stations were selected and physiochemical of water, including air and water temperatures, dissolved oxygen concentration (DO), pH, electrical conductivity (EC), water flow and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) were measured every 30 days for one year. A combined total of 60 benthic macroinvertebrate taxa were collected from the seven sites of the stream. The results showed that trout farms had a significant impact on EC, pH, water flow and BOD in the water throughout the year and among stations (p〈0.05). Only DO did not show significant differences in the one year survey. Macroinvertebrates had significant differences in abundance downstream from the trout farm effluent, particularly in stations 1 and 3 compared with others. However, the diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates significantly decreased, particularly in stations of 3, 4 6 and 7. Regarding benthic macroinvertebrates, the abundance percentage of ephemeropterans, plecopterans and trichopterans (expressed as EPT %), and Biological Monitoring Working Party (BMWP) were much lower in station 3 than in other stations.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Oncorhynchus mykiss ; Trout farm ; Water quality ; Stream ; Effluents
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.133-143
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  • 72
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    Study of the heavy metals (Cd and Pb) content in the tissues of rainbow trouts from Hamedan coldwater fish farms (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The aim of this research was to determine the concentration of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in the muscle and liver tissues of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Hamedan Province (west of Iran) cold water fish farms, and compare the results with the FAO/WHO guidelines. Heavy metal concentrations were determined from the three randomly selected fish farms by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) method. Concentration of heavy metals were detected to be high in rainbow trout during dry season. Concentration of Cd and Pb in the muscle and liver tissues were 3.67µg/kg and 12.82µg/kg, respectively. However concentrations of these two heavy metals were within the standard limits set and recommended by FAO/WHO, indicating that the rainbow trout meat raised from this region is safe for human consumption.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Rainbow trout ; Bioaccumulation ; Consumer ; Environment ; Fish farm ; Heavy metals ; permissible limit ; Cadmium ; Lead ; Muscle ; Liver ; Tissues
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.858-869
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  • 73
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    Relationships between morphometric characteristics of brackishwater prawn, Macrobrachium macrobrachion (Herklots, 1851), of Côte d’Ivoire (West Africa) (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The present study describes the length-weight relationship (LWR), length-length relationship (LLR) and condition factor of the wild population of the shrimp Macrobrachium macrobrachion from the rivers of Côte d’Ivoire (West Africa). Samples were randomly collected from small-scale shrimp fisheries using bamboo traps. Of the thirteen analyzed morphometrics characters, only the second pleura width significantly varies between males (13.11 mm) and females (14.78 mm). All relationships between the considered variables were significantly linear, r2 ranging from 0.66 to 0.97. For length-length relationships, the allometry coefficient varied depending on groups, environments and characters, and ranged between 0.64 and 1.26. The three allometry types (negative allometry, isometry and positive allometry) were observed in this relation. In length-weight relationship, the coefficient ranged from 2.02 to 2.78, indicating a negative allometry. The condition factor values showed that females (0.70±0.06) were in better condition than males (0.657±0.07). Overall, the condition factor followed an east-west gradient, decreasing from eastern (0.70) to western (0.63) regions. These results constituted an important biological database on M. macrobrachion from the rivers of Côte d’Ivoire for further studies as ecology, reproductive biology, and aquaculture potentialities of this species.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Brackish ; Morphometry ; Length relationships ; Condition factor ; Macrobrachium macrobrachion ; Relationships
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.275-295
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  • 74
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    A comparative survey of abundance and biomass of Caspian Sea macrobenthos in coastal waters of Mazandaran Province (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Caspian Sea macrobenthos was surveyed every two months from December 2007 to October 2008, in the west, east and central parts of Mazandaran province waters. Each area was sampled with 3 replicates at 2 depths of 5 and 10m by Van Veen grab. Five different classes were recognized, including Polychaeta (52.7%), Oligochaeta (27.8%), Bivalvia (12%), Cnistacea (7.5%) and Insects (0.07%). Total mean (LSD) abundance and biomass were 2727± 1303 individual/m2 and 88.9±22.93, respectively. The Polychaeta demonstrated the highest abundance and Bivalvia had the highest biomass. The highest abundance of macrobenthos was found in eastern and the highest biomass in western coasts of Mazandaran. In August 2008, macrobenthos abundance showed higher values. In October, remarkable difference was observed between the abundance of Polychaeta and other macrobenthos organisms. According to Kniskal-Wallis test, abundance and biomass of the entire macrobenthos classes except Insects, showed a significant difference between sampling months (P〈0.05). Macrobenthos biomass had no significant difference among the three areas whereas abundance demonstrated a significant difference within these areas (P〈 0.05).
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Coastal zone ; Grabs ; Zoobenthos ; Collecting devices ; Benthos ; Bivalvia ; Polychaeta ; Crustacea ; Oligochaeta ; Insecta ; Brackish ; Marine invertebrates ; Aquatic communities ; Abundance ; Biomass ; Marine crustaceans ; Aquatic insects
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.119-128
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  • 75
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    Latest Diversity Trend and Seasonal Abundance of Population of Zooplankton (Holoplankton) Communities in the South Caspian Sea, Iran (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Seasonal variations of zooplankton communities were studied in the southern Caspian Sea for 4 successive seasons and 8 transects with 5 stations from 5 to 100 m depths which sampled during 2009. The zooplankton population constituted of 73.33% copepods, 24.21% rotifers, 2.23% cladocerans and 0.23% protozoans. Copepods were dominant at all stations with a density between 1456±531 ind. m-3 (Transect 8) to 4524±1215 ind. m-3 (transect 2). The predominant species of copepods was Acartia tonsa constituting 99.50% of all copepod populations. They were most abundant during warm months of summer in the upper layers (surface to 20 m depth) while rotifers replaced them during cold season. The maximum density of zooplankton was observed in the west decreasing towards the eastern parts of the sea.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Holoplankton ; Zooplankton ; Copepods ; Rotifers ; Acartia tonsa ; Populations ; Diversity
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.437-448
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  • 76
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    Short communication: Morphometric and meristic comparison between two similar species of Luciobarbus barbulus (Heckel, 1847) and Luciobarbus pectoralis (Heckel, 1843) (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The two species, Luciobarbus barbulus (Heckel, 1847) and Luciobarbus pectoralis (Heckel, 1843) are similar to each other and some researchers get confused and mistake one for the other. During a one year seasonal sampling, 79 specimens were collected from the main rivers of west and southwest of Iran in the Tigris River basin using electrofishing as the main method for sampling. Samples were fixed in 10% formalin and transferred to the laboratory, Then 24 morphometric and meristic parameters as well as 11 ratios of the major parameters between the two species were studied. According to the results of this study in addition to similarities there are ten differences between them, with the most important ones being the shape of the head and lips, number of gill rakers and number of pectoral fin branched rays.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Luciobarbus barbulus ; Luciobarbus pectoralis ; Biometric parameters ; Tigris Basin ; Morphometric ; Comparison ; Meristic
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.451-456
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  • 77
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    Short communication: The first report of Amphipholis squamata (Delle Chiaje, 1829) (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) from Chabahar Bay – northern Oman Sea (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Amphipholis squamata is an important Ophiuroid species belonging to the family Amphiuridae which is widely used in biotechnological and molecular studies. It is a cosmopolitan species and capable to inhabit a wide variety of habitats except the polar regions, from subtidal zone to the depth of 2000 meters (Hendler, 1995). According to Fell (1962) its widespread distribution all over the world is the result of its costal migration. A. squamata is characterized by its small body size, hermaphroditic reproduction, lack of larval phase, (Nisolle, 1990) and brood protection properties. It is an omnivorous species filtering sediment food particles and planktons (Emson and Whitfield, 1989). Variety in coloration patterns are reported among the cognates of this species (Deheyn and Jangoux, 1999). Also, this species is one of the most important echinoderms in terms of bioluminescence (Deheyn et al., 1997).
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Amphipholis squamata ; Echinodermata ; Ophiuroidea ; Echinoderms ; Amphiuridae ; Morphology ; Taxonomy ; First report
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.1254-1261
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  • 78
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    Survey on environmental pollutants (Heavy metals, Hydrocarbons, Surfactant and Chlorinated pesticides) in southern part of the Caspian Sea (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Recently, the ecology of the Caspian Sea coastal has undergone with increasing development of human activities and industrial wastewater discharge. Therefore, considering the current situation, evaluate of pollutants issue in the Caspian Sea is very important. Results of this study showed that levels of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, and Zn) of water had lower than standard and also acceptable for aquatic life. Significant accumulation of metals such as Co, Cu and Cr in the sediment was observed at transect Sefidrood and Anzali in comparison with six other transects (Turkmen, Amirabad, Babolsar, Noshar, Tonekabon and Astara) and for Ni at transects Sefidrood and Astara compared with six other transects (Turkmen, Amirabad, Babolsar, Noshahr, Tonekabon and Anzali) (P〈0.05). The amount of Zn in fish muscle Liza saliens was maximum and then metals such as Fe, Cu, Pb, Cd, Ni, Hg and Co were recorded (P〈0.05). In the north of Iran, two kind of bony fish, such as R..frisii kutum and Liza.s have maximum catchments as compared with other bony fish in the Caspian Sea. Based on calculation of risk of Target Hazard Quotient (THQ), we obtained THQ was less than one for all metals in young and adults human. Thus, consumption of R..frisii kutum and Liza.s per capita with 6 kg will not be at the risk for young and adults. Among of oil derivatives, polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) is hazardous compounds in the environment. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was announced 16 compositions of PAHs as an index. The results of this project showed that concentration of two and three rings of PAHs was lower than 4, 5 and 6 rings of water, sediment and fish at most stations and seasons. Among of 16 PAHs, only Benz(α)anthracene, chrysene, Benzo(α)pyrene and Dibenz (α, h)anthracene compounds were contained with ecological risks (HQ) more than one in the water and sediment. In addition, three compounds such as Chrysene, Benz(α)anthracene and Benzo(α)pyrene were observed in the edible fish tissues (Liza.s and R..frisii kutum) which have high ecological risks in the water and sediment. During four seasons (spring, summer, fall and winter), maximum concentration of organochlorine residue in the surface water (5m depth) were belong to β-Endosulfan (Turkmen), Dieldrin (Babolsar, Tonekabon) and endosulfan sulfate (Astara) and at 10m depth were γ-BHC, Dieldrin compounds (Tonekabon), DDT (Turkmen) and Aldrin (Babolsar). This values at 50m depth were belong to γ-BHC (Anzali), δ-BHC (Tonekabon), Dieldrin (Amirabad), and heptachlor (Amirabad). Maximum percentage of organochlorine pesticides residue in the sediments was belonging to only Aldrin compound at stations Turkmen, Babolsar and Tonekabon. In addition, maximum concentration organochlorine pesticides residue in fish tissue (Liza.s and R..frisii kutum) was DDT and Endrin aldehyde compounds. Mean surfactant concentration (LAS) of surface water (5, 10 and 50 m depths) at eight transects was 0.017±0.049 mg/l. The maximum concentration of LAS were 0.084 mg/l and 0.082 mg/l in spring and summer (Anzali transect), respectively. This value was 0.035 mg/l and 0.060 mg/l in autumn and winter (Sefidrood transect), respectively. As a conclusion, the concentration of surfactant in the Caspian Sea basin is not critical as compared with standard level.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: environmental ; Ecology ; Industrial ; Survey ; Pollutants ; Heavy metals ; Hydrocarbons ; Aquatic ; Bony fish ; R.frisii kutum ; Liza ; PAHs
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 207pp.
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  • 79
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    Changing trends in the abundance and biomass of cyanobacteria in the southern part of the Caspian Sea in 2009 (The stretch between Tonekabon and Amirabad) (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Changes in abundance and biomass of cyanobacteria have been studied in the southern part of the Caspian Sea (the stretch between Tonekabon and Amirabad) in four seasons (spring, summer, autumn, winter) in which samples were taken from five depths of 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 meters in the stations of Tonekabon, Noushahr, Babolsar and Amirabad. Samples were fixed in formalin (2-2.5%) before transferring to the lab for both qualitative and quantitative analyses. Ten species of cyanobacteria were identified with higher abundance and biomass in the euphotic layer compared to the aphotic layer. Temperature and nutrients have shown significant differences (p〈0.05) in different seasons after normalizing the data through the T-test. On the basis of T test on normalized dates differences were meaningful between population of Cyanobacteria in the optical and no optical layers. Statistical analyses have shown significant and positive correlations between abundance and biomass with parameters like temperature, ammonium and phosphate while it was significantly negative for nitrates.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Cyanobacteria ; Abundance ; Nutrients ; Seasons ; Biomass ; Temperature ; Nutrients
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.503-512
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  • 80
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    Diet and trophic level of scalloped hammerhead shark (Sphyrna lewini) from the Gulf of California and Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: We examined the diet and trophic level of Sphyrna lewini in the Gulf of California (GC) during 2001 and in the Gulf of Tehuantepec (GT) during 2005 using data from stomach content and stable isotope analysis of δ15N and δ13C. S. lewini diet was represented by pelagic and benthic prey species where the most important in weight was Scomber japonicus (27.70±4.54%) in GC, while in GT it was Auxis spp. (26.19±4.14%). There were differences for δ15N and δ13C between group sizes, showing a difference in the use of area and resources, while the differences for δ15N and δ13C between areas were related to changes in the isotopic signal from the base of the food web in each region. Based on δ13C and δ15N variability, diversity values (GC=3.69 GT=3.17) and diet breadth (GC=0.006 GT=0.002), we propose that S. lewini is an opportunistic predator. The trophic level of S. lewini was above four in all categories, which indicates that S. lewini is a tertiary consumer. We may conclude that S. lewini plays an important functional role as top predator within areas of Mexico.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Shark ; Sphyrna lewini ; Stomach content analysis ; Stable isotopes
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.767-785
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  • 81
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    Features of phytoplankton community in the southern Caspian Sea, a decade after the invasion of Mnemiopsis leidyi (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Phytoplankton study has become more significant in the Caspian Sea due to the occurrence of ecological events such as algal blooms and the introduction of the invader species(Ctenophore, Mnemiopsis leidyi). A seasonal study was conducted to investigate the features of phytoplankton community one decade after this invasion in the Iranian coast of Caspian Sea during 2009-2010. According to the results, 195 species in eight phyla of phytoplanktons were identified. In spring, Bacillariophyta and Pyrrophyta were the dominant phyla with 40 and 29% of total abundance, respectively. In summer and winter the dominant phyla were made by Cyanophyta (92%) and Bacillariophyta (94%), respectively. The Bacillariophyta (57%) and Cyanophyta (28%) were the first and second dominant phyla in autumn . It seems that the ctenophore invasion into the Caspian Sea (due to the changes in nutrient levels and decline of phytoplankton grazers) and human’s destructive activities play an effective role on phytoplankton community during the period. These changes were mainly accompanied with appearance of new and harmful species (with the ability of severe bloom making) and consequently, displacement of native species in this semi-enclosed ecosystem.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Mnemiopsis leidyi ; Phytoplankton ; Diversity ; Abundance ; Biomass ; Species
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.145-167
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  • 82
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    On the Biology and distribution of Amphipod Fauna in Fars Province (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Amphipod crustaceans were collected from 251 spots in aquatic habitats of Fars province during July 2000 and May 2002. Different means such as aquatic nets or strainers, with strong handles and rings, were used to collect amphipods among macrophytes, leaves, roots, sands, and detritus. All collections were in daytime. To perform a systematic work, a „type‟ habitat was selected in each of the 9 station points in 7 water basins and 2 sub-basins in the province, and their populations became subjected to morphological studies. Precise drawings were made from different parts of the body (e.g. head capsule, eyes, mouth parts, antennae, pleosomes, epimeral plates, first coxal plate, key moving appendages like seventh pereopod, third uropod, and telson). These drawings were used to compare with existing identification keys. Extensive studies on each of these populations showed that they all belong to the family GAMMARIDAE, genus Gammarus and are members of the Gammarus pulex-group, an artificial group. It was impossible to identify these populations using existing keys; hence more subtle studies are needed. Regarding the so much diversity among amphipod populations in Fars, it seems that a specific identification key for this region must be produced. Some of important environmental factors were measured monthly during April 2001 and March 2002 in each of the selected stations, while others measured once in this year. These factors include some chemical factors including dissolved oxygen, pH, electrical conductivity, calcium and magnesium hardness, total hardness, chlorine, potassium and sulfate concentrations, and some physical factors including water temperature, depth, water current velocity and distance from the source, width, and discharge. Mean body lengths and wet weights of the 9 population were also measured in each of the habitats. All resulted data were analyzed using ANOVA, LSD, and Duncan statistical tests. Results showed great differences in average of temperature, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, and depth. Some other factors like pH, and current velocity did not show any significant differences among these habitats. Body lengths and wet weights of the 9 population also showed clear and statistically significant differences amongst the populations. Putting together these results and morphological and morphometrical studies can help identifying the taxonomic situation of these populations. Collections showed that these animals are distributed in nearly-all, if not in all, fresh water habitats including springs, brooks, streams, and rivers in Fars province, with the exception of ponds, pools, or lakes _salty or fresh water_ and salty springs and rivers with more than 5 percent of salt (sodium chloride). Thus, these animals are distributed mainly in northern lotic habitats of the province, being extended southward to mid-south, and became sparse in eastern, western, and south south fresh water warm springs and rivers. It seems that the southward dispersal of amphipods in this parts of the Province is limited primarily by salinity rather than temperature, or perhaps by a combination of the two. They also decrease in occurrence and number from west to east (away from the mountain regions). Also no populations of amphipods in southeast regions of the Kor water basin, including springs and brooks of Bamoo National Park were found, while their existence was reported from the here before. This could be due to the sever change in their habitats, probably as a result of agricultural fertilizers and toxins‟ pollution
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Amphipod ; Gammarus ; Geographical distribution ; Freshwater ; Ecology ; Taxonomy
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 147pp.
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  • 83
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    An Investigation on Ecology of Mudskippers in Hormuzgan Coastal Areas (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The most important habitats of mudskippers are muddy areas in tidal zone of tropical mangrove forests. Mudskippers are related to Oxudercinae subfamily of Gobiid fishes. Three most distributed species of Hormozgan mudskippers were Periophthalmus waltoni, Boleophthalmus dussumieri and Scartelaos tenuis. These fishes can be considered as euryhaline and eurythermal aquatic species, because they can tolerate a wide range of salinity and temperature. A research was done since september 2008 to september 2009 in two important mangrove regions of Hormuzgan (Tyab and Khamir) to determine some ecological characteristics of inhabited mudskipper species. Results showed that nitrate levels are significantly different between tidal lines and seasons (P〈0.05). Maximum nitrite concentrations were recorded 53.2 and 92.5 µg/l in Khamir and Tyab respectively. The annual correlation matrix showed that a positive correlation between phosphate concentration and nitrite and silicate (P〈0.05). Silicate concentration was very high, because of too low density of diatoms and radiolarians. Some species of diatoms, dinoflagellates, cyanobacteria and larvae of crustacea and echinoderms were observed with different density and diversity. Sediment composition of the studied areas were categorized in three classes (clay, sand and clay - sand). Polychaetes formed dominant group of benthic fauna in Tyab and Khamir areas. High density of capitellid worms was possibly related to some environmntal stress caused by activity of fishing and cargo vessels. It was not observed significant difference between fishes length in two areas (P〈0.05); Mean lengths of P. waltoni, B. dussumieri and S. tenuis were calculated 9.85, 14.7 and 11.5 cm respectively. Spawning period of each three species in both areas were obtained from late winter to late spring based on gonadosomatic index values. Male to female sex ratio of P. waltoni, B. dussumieri and S. tenuis were calculated 1:0.45, 1:0.41and 1:0.74 respectively. Absolute fecundity of P. waltoni, B. dussumieri and S. tenuis were estimated 3558 ± 2202, 3952 ± 1030 and 6742 ± 1939 respectively. P. waltoni feeds mainly on fiddler crab, S. tenuis uses crustaceans and gastropods and B. dussumieri has a vegetarian diet.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Mudskippers ; Ecology ; Periophthalmus waltoni ; Boleophthalmus dussumieri ; Scartelaos tenuis ; Female ; Male ; Benthic fauna
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 97pp.
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  • 84
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    Hydrology and Hydrobiology data analysis collected during 1998-2007 (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Annually, many data of hydrology and hydrobiology of the southern Caspian Sea at Iran's coasts were collected by Caspian Sea Research Institute of Ecology. The data which had been collected by researchers submitted annually in several reports but has not been processed all at once. Fluctuations of various parameters were surveyed and the relationships between them were analyzed. The main goal of this research is to analysis the data were obtained from 1994 to 2006 and show changes the concentration of various parameters in the Caspian Sea. Physicochemical data indicated that the average trend of transparency and salinity was decreased from 1994 to 2006 annually, where the salinity value was decreased from 12.37 ppt (part per thousand) to 11.5 ppt. The average of dissolved oxygen was increased from 6.4 to 8.6mg/l. pH has slightly fluctuated from 8.15 to 8.31. However, with increasing depth from surface to bottom, the average of dissolved oxygen was sharply decreased (DO concentration in surface and 800 m was 7.18 and 1.45 mg/l, respectively). The trend of salinity and pH fluctuation was very slow with depth but the salinity has an increasing with incrementing of depth but pH has a decreased trend. The average of organic and inorganic phosphorus and TP was nearly increased. The average of Nitrate and Silica sharply increased comparing to depth but the average of Nitrite and organic Nitrogen decreased. The results showed that the temperature fluctuation in different water layers was low in winter but the dramatic decreasing of temperature was occurred at 10-20 m (in spring), 20-50 m (in winter) and 50-100 m (in autumn). With increasing of depth (Slope of the Sea), transparency and salinity values have an increasing while DO and pH showed decreased. As a whole, 335 species of phytoplankton were identified, there are 70 species in advance as these species were not seen in this period but 96 of novel's species have been recorded. The lowest and the most of phytoplankton biomass was recorded in 2006 and 2001 while the biomass was 59 and 1034 mg/m3, respectively. Albet, the lowest biomass was recorded at the depth of 100 m (24.1 mg/m3) but the maximum was observed in surface layer (1344.1 mg/m3). The average of phytoplankton biomass was increased after arrival of the ctenophore. There was a significant difference between the average of biomass in different seasons before and after of the ctenophore invasion (P〈0.001). Bacillariophyta and Pyrrophyta have the most cell abundance with a total of biomass of 52.7 and 37, respectively. From 1994 to 2006, species diversity (Shanon-Niner), evenness and richness were estimated between 3.02-1.29, 0.28-0.61 and 4.32-7.60, respectively. A total of 65 zooplankton species were identified with a frequent species in the Caspian Sea before the ctenophore invasion, while the species diversity decreased after the invasion. The high and the lowest of species diversity was recorded in 1994-1995 and 2006 and in 1999 the biomass of the zooplankton were observed between 12.6 mg/l and 363.8 mg/l, respectively. After arrival of ctenophore, the averages of zooplankton biomass at of the different depths were sharply decreased and were less than the ctenophore invasion. The result showed that there was a significant difference among the average of zooplankton biomass in two periods, seasons and west, middle and east regions as follows: P〈0.001, P〈0.008 and P〈0.01. The maximum abundance and biomass of zooplankton belonged to copepoda with %51.5 and %63, respectively. Rotatoria falls in the second class from 1994 to 2006 (during 1994-2006), species diversity, evenness and richness were varied between 0.19-1.6, 0.08-0.52 and 0.37-2.29, respectively. The species diversity of macrobenthic organisms at the same period s followd by zooplankton changes which sharply decreased. The average of benthic biomass reduced from 13.7 g/m2 in 1994-1995 to 1.8 g/m2 in 2004 but sharply increased in 2005 with a maximum value of 46.7 g/m2. With increasing of depth, the average of benthic biomass was sharply decreased. There was a significant difference (P〈0.001) in macrobethic organisms abundance before and after the ctenophore invasion, but it did not show a significant difference between seasons and different regions (as follows: P〉0.137, P〉0.782). Before the presence of ctenophore, the worms had been constituted a dominate group with a approximately %45 of total abundance and also %20 of their biomass. After this period, their frequency was sharply increased (more than %85) but the maximum value pertains to Cardidae (more than %90). The species diversity, evenness and richness were varied between .69-2.51, 0.23-0.63 and .011-3.79, respectively. AMBI software, Shanon-Viner parameter was moderate in all seasons from 1994 to 1996 but this parameter was reduced in a bad limit (boundary) in the most seasons from 2002 to 2005. The main parameter of M-AMBI consists of several parameters and also approximately showed similar changes such as Shanon -viner parameter. On basis of this parameter, the ecological quality condition of Caspian Sea was superior limit in all seasons from 1994 to 1996 but after the following years were decreased from good to moderate limits (After the presence of ctenophore). Relationship between abiotic variants and phytoplankton indicated that there was a direct relationship between transparency and salinity while there was a powerful and reversal significant relationship between transparency water temperature, transparency in organic Nitrate, phytoplankton number and transparency phytoplankton biomass. The comparison between different variants average in two periods (before and after the ctenophore invasion) indicated that the average of Kilka catch was decreased, the relative frequency of clupeonella engrauliformis and clupenoella grimmi was sharply reduced but the relative frequency of Clupeonella cultriventris was sharply increased, the species diversity, evenness and richness and the number of zooplankton species were sharply decreased, the average of biomass and transparency was sharply reduced, the average of dissolved oxygen and liza saliens or liza auratus catch were increased. These difference were often significant (P〈0.05). Therefore, with the ctenophore invasion into the Caspian Sea, the primary production was increased, the biomass value of zooplankton and specially Kilka which fed on zooplankton were sharply decreased while the fish such as Rutilus frisi kutum and mullet (Liza salins or Liza aurratus) which fed on benthic were increased.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Hydrology ; Hydrobiology ; Ecology ; Physicochemical ; Transparency ; Salinity ; Dissolved oxygen ; pH ; Nitrate ; Nitrite ; Species ; Phytoplankton ; Biomass ; Bacillariophyta ; Pyrrophyta ; Diversity ; Zooplankton ; Rutilus frisi kutum ; Liza salins ; Liza aurratus
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 158pp.
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  • 85
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    Seasonal variability of size-classes of phytoplankton biomass in a sub-tropical embayment, Muscat, Sea of Oman (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The contribution of three different cell size classes of picoplankton: 0.74-2 μm, nanoplankton:2–20 μm and microplankton, 〉20 μm of the phytoplankton population and their relationship to environmental conditions were studied over two annual cycles at one station in Bandar Khyran Bay, Sea of Oman, from May 2006 to August 2008. Nanoplankton was the most important class contributing 54.4% to total Chl a (range 6-82%). Its seasonal highest concentrations was during the cold periods when temperature ranged from 28-29 °C in fall and near 24 C in winter when the supply of nutrients was sufficient to sustain their growth. Picoplankton had the second level of the contribution, comprising (23.5%, range 4-74 %) of the total Chl a. and their concentration was generally constant (0.04-.06 μg l–1) throughout the study period. The drop of picoplankton population coincided with an increase in the microplankton and nanoplankton populations indicating a high grazing pressure exerted on the picoplankton population. Microplankton size-class occupied the third level of the contribution comprising (22.2%, range 3-65 %). Their general concentration was below 0.1 μg l–1 and only dominant when temperatures were lowest and nitrate, nitrite, silicate and phosphate concentrations were the highest. The temporal variability observed was associated with changes in the nanaoplankton indicating that in some cases, it is the small fraction of phytoplankton that drives changes in abundances and productivity.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Phytoplankton ; Chlorophyll a ; Size-class ; Picoplankton ; Nanoplankton ; Upwelling
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.136-149
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  • 86
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    Petroleum hydrocarbon assessment in the wastewaters of petrochemical special economic zone and sediment benchmark calculation of the coastal area - northwest of the Persian Gulf (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Petrochemical industries can potentially impact the environment due to their activities and products. This case study has considered adverse effects of petrochemical industries that are located inside the PETZONE with respect to the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and total petroleum hydrocarbon in wastewater effluents. The average concentrations of ∑PAHs group I and II were lower than the guideline values, thus the effluents of the study area can be considered unpolluted. Also, the average concentration of TPH was lower than the guideline value at all almost stations exceptthe effluent outlets of the Razi and Imam Khomeini petrochemical (BI-PC) companies which are proximal to Khowr-e Musa Bay. Thus, they may have an adverse impact on the aquatic ecosystem of the Bay. Therefore, the concentration of TPH was monitored in the sediments of the Bay (around the PETZONE coastal area) which wasrelatively moderate compared in the study area. Also, the sum ofChronic Potency Ratioof PAHs in sediments showed that the chronic benchmark was not more than the guideline at all stations (it is exceeded when the sum exceeds 1.0) except in the vicinity of the Aromatic effluent outlet of BI-PC.Thus, the chronic benchmark at this station indicates that it has the potential to cause a chronic effect on sediment-residence organisms like crabs, clams and worms. Moreover, PAHs concentration level in this station approached the NOAA sediment quality guideline value (ERL) of 4000 (ng/g dry weight).
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Calculation ; Benchmark ; PETZONE ; TPH ; PAHs ; Chronic Benchmark ; Sediments ; Petrochemical
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.119-134
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  • 87
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    The possibility production of food pellets for common carp(Cyprinus carpio)in the rearing stage with emphasis on attractiveness and strength (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: This study was to investigate the possibility of pellet production for grow out common carp considering attractiveness and stability of the pellets. The experiment consisted of two periods and was conducted at the Caspian Sea ecology research center in 2011 and 2012. In period one, two types of pellet with similar protein level (31%) and different energy contents (3000 and 3500 cal/g) were formulated by the ingredients used in fish feed industry. In period two, 316 juvenile carp with initial weight of 27.9g were assigned randomly to 9 fiberglass tanks (4×4×1 m), with three replicates for each treatment. The fish were fed by three diets throughout the eight weeks study , two diets were formulated in the current study and third one was a commercial carp diet with 25% protein. The results showed that feeding with diet containing 31% protein and 3500 cal/g energy led to a feed conversion ratio of 3, but this value was recorded 1.9 for commercial diet. The type of diets was also influenced (P〈0.05) average final weight of the fish. Fish fed diet containing 31% protein and 3500cal/g energy showed largest weight gain and this value was significantly different from the other treatments. Pellet stability test showed that commercial pellet water stability was 3min, but this value for the two formulated pellet were 12 min. There was a highly significant difference for water stability between the commercial pellet and the formulated pellet. The result suggests that the formulated pellet in the current study can be easily replaced by commercial pellet.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Commercial ; Diet ; Pellet ; Carp ; Common carp ; Cyprinus carpio ; Rearing ; Protein ; Energy ; Juvenile ; Feeding
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 40pp.
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  • 88
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    Assessment of ecology shrimp culture ponds in Gwatar Determi (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: At the present research four farms, supply and drainage channels were assessed in phase Cl shrimp culture sight or Gwatr from June It) November For this purpose, physical and chemical factors were measured include temperature salinity , demand oxygen and pH twice just one day and nitrate nitrite ammonia silicate phosphate , turbidity and total suspended solid once just one day in a week sampling was carried out as fallow biometric or shrimps every week plankton twice a month , macrobentoz , grain size and TOM monthly. The results obtained from biometrics factors showed that final weight were (12.03 18.65 gr) as well as the survival rate was (26.6 90.35) on the farms. The maximum final product and minimum was 2696 772 kg/h respectively. Based on amount of stoking survival and the factors of management, the result of physical and chemical factors indicated that salinity total suspended solid and turbidity were not the optimum range. Preserving this three factors have the paramount importance in our area. One way analys of variance chemical and physical' factors have showed significant difference between the days of culture and also salinity, demand oxygen and temperature showed 'significant difference between morning and afternoon (pSO.05). In this research 84 general phytoplankton were identified that diatom was dominant 9 Groups zooplankton were identified that their major percentage of groups were copepod and rotifers respectively. Benthos density was very poor . Abundance and diversity of benthic was very low in ponds and dominant group of macrobenthose was Mysidae. Usually the grain sizes of the bottom were sandy - loom * TOM of bottom was increased and acidity was decreased after harvesting compared to before irrigation. The factors of management inducing perpetration pond , quality 01' post laree , stocking , exchange water airing and feed of Shrimp of' ponds compared and the results shows that farm 2 was the best one .
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Assessment ; Ecology ; Shrimp ; Culture Pond
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 152pp.
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  • 89
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    Narrow acoustic field of view drives frequency scaling in toothed whale biosonar (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2018. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here under a nonexclusive, irrevocable, paid-up, worldwide license granted to WHOI. It is made available for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Current Biology 28 (2018): 3878-3885.e3, doi:10.1016/j.cub.2018.10.037.
    Description: Toothed whales are apex predators varying in size from 40-kg porpoises to 50-ton sperm whales that all forage by emitting high-amplitude ultrasonic clicks and listening for weak returning echoes [1, 2]. The sensory field of view of these echolocating animals depends on the characteristics of the biosonar signals and the morphology of the sound generator, yet it is poorly understood how these biophysical relationships have shaped evolution of biosonar parameters as toothed whales adapted to different foraging niches. Here we test how biosonar output, frequency, and directivity vary with body size to understand the co-evolution of biosonar signals and sound-generating structures. We show that the radiated power increases twice as steeply with body mass (P ∝ M1.47±0.25) than expected from typical scaling laws of call intensity [3], indicating hyperallometric investment into sound production structures. This is likely driven by a strong selective pressure for long-range biosonar in larger oceanic or deep-diving species to search efficiently for patchy prey. We find that biosonar frequency scales inversely with body size (F∝ M-0.19±0.03), resulting in remarkably stable biosonar beamwidth that is independent of body size. We discuss how frequency scaling in toothed whales cannot be explained by the three main hypotheses for inverse scaling of frequency in animal communication [3-5]. We propose that a narrow acoustic field of view, analogous to the fovea of many visual predators, is the primary evolutionary driver of biosonar frequency in toothed whales, serving as a spatial filter to reduce clutter levels and facilitate long-range prey detection.
    Description: FHJ received support from a Carlsberg Foundation travel grant and an AIAS-COFUND fellowship from Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies. ML was funded by a PhD stipend from the Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, and National Research Council grants to PTM. DMW was supported by the Danish National Research Foundation and Carlsberg Foundation grants to PTM. MJ was partly supported by an Aarhus University visiting professorship.
    Keywords: Echolocation ; Toothed whales ; Evolution ; Phylogenetic comparative methods ; Foraging ; Ecology ; Biosonar directivity ; Field of view ; Frequency scaling
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Preprint
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  • 90
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    Satellite sensor requirements for monitoring essential biodiversity variables of coastal ecosystems (2018)
    John Wiley & Sons
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © The Author(s), 2018. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Ecological Applications 28 (2018): 749-760, doi: 10.1002/eap.1682.
    Description: The biodiversity and high productivity of coastal terrestrial and aquatic habitats are the foundation for important benefits to human societies around the world. These globally distributed habitats need frequent and broad systematic assessments, but field surveys only cover a small fraction of these areas. Satellite‐based sensors can repeatedly record the visible and near‐infrared reflectance spectra that contain the absorption, scattering, and fluorescence signatures of functional phytoplankton groups, colored dissolved matter, and particulate matter near the surface ocean, and of biologically structured habitats (floating and emergent vegetation, benthic habitats like coral, seagrass, and algae). These measures can be incorporated into Essential Biodiversity Variables (EBVs), including the distribution, abundance, and traits of groups of species populations, and used to evaluate habitat fragmentation. However, current and planned satellites are not designed to observe the EBVs that change rapidly with extreme tides, salinity, temperatures, storms, pollution, or physical habitat destruction over scales relevant to human activity. Making these observations requires a new generation of satellite sensors able to sample with these combined characteristics: (1) spatial resolution on the order of 30 to 100‐m pixels or smaller; (2) spectral resolution on the order of 5 nm in the visible and 10 nm in the short‐wave infrared spectrum (or at least two or more bands at 1,030, 1,240, 1,630, 2,125, and/or 2,260 nm) for atmospheric correction and aquatic and vegetation assessments; (3) radiometric quality with signal to noise ratios (SNR) above 800 (relative to signal levels typical of the open ocean), 14‐bit digitization, absolute radiometric calibration 〈2%, relative calibration of 0.2%, polarization sensitivity 〈1%, high radiometric stability and linearity, and operations designed to minimize sunglint; and (4) temporal resolution of hours to days. We refer to these combined specifications as H4 imaging. Enabling H4 imaging is vital for the conservation and management of global biodiversity and ecosystem services, including food provisioning and water security. An agile satellite in a 3‐d repeat low‐Earth orbit could sample 30‐km swath images of several hundred coastal habitats daily. Nine H4 satellites would provide weekly coverage of global coastal zones. Such satellite constellations are now feasible and are used in various applications.
    Description: National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (NCEAS); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Grant Numbers: NNX16AQ34G, NNX14AR62A; National Ocean Partnership Program; NOAA US Integrated Ocean Observing System/IOOS Program Office; Bureau of Ocean and Energy Management Ecosystem Studies program (BOEM) Grant Number: MC15AC00006
    Keywords: Aquatic ; Coastal zone ; Ecology ; Essentail biodiversity variables ; H4 imaging ; Hyperspectral ; Remote sensing ; Vegetation ; Wetland
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 91
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    Systems Biology of the human microbiome (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © The Author(s), 2017. This is the author's version of the work and is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Current Opinion in Biotechnology 51 (2018): 146-153, doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2018.01.018.
    Description: Recent research has shown that the microbiome—a collection of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses, living on and in a host—are of extraordinary importance in human health, even from conception and development in the uterus. Therefore, to further our ability to diagnose disease, to predict treatment outcomes, and to identify novel therapeutics, it is essential to include microbiome and microbial metabolic biomarkers in Systems Biology investigations. In clinical studies or, more precisely, Systems Medicine approaches, we can use the diversity and individual characteristics of the personal microbiome to enhance our resolution for patient stratification. In this review, we explore several Systems Medicine approaches, including Microbiome Wide Association Studies to understand the role of the human microbiome in health and disease, with a focus on ‘preventive medicine’ or P4 (i.e., personalized, predictive, preventive, participatory) medicine.
    Description: BPB is funded by the Arnold and Mabel Beckman Foundation (Arnold O. Beckman Postdoctoral Fellow)
    Description: 2019-02-14
    Keywords: Microbiome ; Systems Biology ; Ecology ; Network theory
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 92
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    Analysis of diet of piscivorous fishes in Bovan, Gruža and Šumarice reservoir, Serbia (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Diet of adult pikeperch Sander lucioperca, Eurasian perch Perca fluviatilis, northern pike Esox lucius and European catfish Silurus glanis as top predators in aquatic ecosystems in Serbia was investigated during 2011, in order to understand their relationship to their prey and to investigate their food consumption, feeding and assimilation rate, cannibalism, and habitat segregation. Northern pike, Eurasian perch, pikeperch and European catfish were collected in three reservoirs in Serbia. Prey items that were found in all four species included fish, mollusks, insect larvae and crustaceans. A total of 11 taxonomic groups were found, but they were not all represented as a prey in all four species. Eurasian perch were present in the diet of all four predatory fish species, mollusks were recorder only in that of European catfish. Roach Rutilus rutilus and bleak Alburnus alburnus were prey to all species, except northern pike. Chub Squalius cephalus, bream Brama brama and Gammaridae were found only in stomach of pikeperch. Analysis of similarity showed that difference for diet between predatory fish species was significant for their due to significant differences existing between northern pike and pikeperch and northern pike and Eurasian perch.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Sander lucioperca ; Perca fluviatilis ; Silurus glanis ; Catfish ; Rutilus rutilus ; Alburnus alburnus ; Squalius cephalus ; Brama brama ; Gammaridae ; Predation ; Freshwater fish ; Diet ; Reservoirs ; Stomach content
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.908-923
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  • 93
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    Soft-bottom decapod and stomatopod crustaceans of Northern Cyprus coast (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The first study on decapod and stomatopod crustacean fauna of cyprus was carried out by Heller (1863). According to research studies, until recently156 species of decapods are recorded (47 Natantia, 12 Macrura Reptantia, 24 Anomura, 73 Brachyura) (Kocataş et al., 2001; Doğan et al., 2008; Christodoulou et al., 2009). Cyprus is the only island in Levantine Basin and is surrounded by waters of Levantine Basin, eastern Mediterranean, which are characterized by higher temperature and salinity, in comparison to the rest of Mediterranean (Kocataş et al., 2001). Recently, one study was done on the nearshore soft bottom macrofauna around Cyprus (Hadjichristophorou et al., 1997). They analysed macrobenthic fauna of soft-bottoms in Cyprus coasts, and reported 429 species with 73 Crustacea (71 Decapods and 2 Stomatopods).
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Diversity ; Soft bottom ; Decapod ; Stomatopod
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.1086-1091
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  • 94
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    Short communication: Ecological larval fish groups in Chabahar Bay in relation to day/night and monsoon variations (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Studies on larval fish abundance allow important inferences about the spawning grounds, reproduction season and migration pattern of fishes (Goulding, 1980; Pavlov, 1994). Larval densities can also be used to estimate the abundance index, which in turn can be correlated to the fisheries yield, and provide an alternative approach for measuring the size of the spawning stock (Smith and Richardson, 1977). Previous studies in this ecosystem have focused on the abundance of fish larva without consideration of daily fish larva variations (Thangaraja, 1987, 1989, 1991; Thangaraja and Al-Aisry, 2001; Rabbaniha et al., 2014). SanvicenteAñorve et al. (2000) reported that seasonality and day/night variations seem to play an important role on larval fish abundance and composition. In this research we consider the monsoon as an important phenomenon, affecting the daily fish larval distribution.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Larval fish ; Ecological groups ; Day/night ; Monsoon
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.1609-1615
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  • 95
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    Zn, Cd, Pb and Hg in liver and muscles of Rutilus frisii kutum during spawning season with respect to growth parameters (2018)
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    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Concentration of heavy and toxic metals Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb and Hg were determined in liver and muscles of Rutilus frisii kutum and their relationships with growth parameters (length, age, condition factor) and hepatosomatic index were examined. Thirty-six fish samples were collected from February through March 2009 caught by beach seine in the southwest parts of the Caspian Sea. Atomic absorption and Hg determined concentrations of Cd, Pb, Zn and Cu by vapor method. Cadmium was recorded only in liver samples. Range of other metals in muscle tissue were ND -0.591, 0.001-0.013, 11- 26 and 0.729 -7.261 µg.g-1dw for Pb, Hg, Zn and Cu respectively. Highest levels of Pb, Zn, and Cu were recorded in muscles Hg and Cd in liver samples. Growth parameters showed a significant relationship with Zn and Cd concentrations in liver samples and only Zn concentrations in muscle samples. There was a positive significant correlation between concentration of Cd in liver and physiological indices (p〈0.05). Although higher concentration of Pb was recorded in this study in comparison to previous studies, based on Provisional Tolerable Weekly and daily Intake of fish for human health, kutum is considered safe for human consumption. Considering the results of this study it seems reproductive status of the fish influences heavy metals concentration in liver and muscles of kutum and therefore concentrations of some metals such as Zn and Cu in liver samples may not be a reliable bioindicator for environmental pollution.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Rutilus frisii kutum ; Reproduction ; Growth ; Condition factor ; HSI
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.825-839
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  • 96
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    Short communication: Identification and morphometric descriptions of four dominant families of larval fishes in the estuary of Marudu Bay, Sabah, East Malaysia (2018)
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    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Fish larvae are mostly ecologically and morphologically different in comparison with their adult counterparts along their development processes. They occupy different habitats, taking different food resources, and having different predators and different behaviour. During the larval phase, the fish develops from an egg to a larva which has all the fully functional organs. Many species have highly specialized larval morphologies, with various structures (e.g. strong spines on the head) that will be modified and lost upon transition towards adulthood (Leis and Carson-Ewart, 2000). Fish larvae differ so much from their adults that they are often difficult to identify.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Fish larvae ; Taxonomy ; Identification ; Morphometric ; Description
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.1262-1268
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  • 97
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    Short Communication: Using polychaetes as an assessment tool for health status of Jafari Creek, North-West of the Persian Gulf (2018)
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    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Marine ecosystems and their adjacent coastal habitats, especially estuaries are important because of maintaining the coastal biota, including a diverse array of organism's (Currier and Small, 2005). However, these ecosystems are being impacted by the anthropogenic activities through urbanization and industrialization developments. For evaluating the degree of alteration occurring in these valuable ecosystems, scientists have conducted several methodologies based on chemical assays (i.e. directly measured abiotic parameters of the environment) and use of ecological indices. Which are mainly based on benthic communities (Engle, 2000).
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Anthropogenic activities ; Bioindicators ; Polychaetes ; Pollution detection
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.1061-1071
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  • 98
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    Seasonal zooplankton community variation in Karatas Lake, Turkey (2018)
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    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: This study was carried out to determine seasonal variation and zooplankton community structure in Karataş Lake, Southern Turkey. Zooplankton samples were collected seasonally between 2002 and 2003 in two stations using a zooplankton net of 55-µm mesh size. A total of 42 taxa were identified, including 19 taxa (45.2 %) Rotifera, 16 taxa (38.1 %) Cladocera, and 7 taxa (16.7 %). Copepoda. Among them, Keratella quadrata, Asplanchna priodonta from Rotifera, Daphnia longispina, Ceriodaphnia quadrangula, Chydorus sphaericus, Coranatella rectangula from Cladocera, and Eudiaptomus drieschi, Eucyclops speratus from Copepoda were dominant species. Spring and autumn seasons were found to be the most similar by using Sorenson index value.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Keratella quadrat ; Asplanchna priodonta ; Daphnia longispina ; Ceriodaphnia quadrangula ; Chydorus sphaericus ; Coranatella rectangula ; Cladocera ; Eudiaptomus drieschi ; Eucyclops speratus ; Zooplankton ; Community ; Seasonal change ; Species
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.265-276
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  • 99
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    Effects of environmental parameters and nutrients on phytoplankton communities around the shrimp farm complexes in Bushehr Province, in the Persian Gulf (2018)
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    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The aim of this work was to be informed and aware of the red tide conditions before the entering of algal blooms in seawater supply canals of the shrimp farm and hatchery complexes in Bushehr Province. Field investigations and monthly samplings have been carried out to determine environmental parameters, nutrients, chlorophyll–a and phytoplankton in the southern part of the input water channels of Mond, Delvar and Heleh farmed shrimp complexes from April to December 2011. The identified phytoplankton belonged to three classes of Bacillariophyceae, Dinophyceae and Cyanophyceae. 12 genera belonging to Dinophyceae, 25 genera to Bacillariophyceae and two genera to Cyanophyceae were observed during the study. The highest average density of total phytoplankton was recorded at Heleh station at 18374 cells/lit. The maximum density of phytoplankton was at Delvar station in December. The highest density of Dinophyceae was observed in August. Alexandrium sp., Ornithocercus and Prorocentrum sp. were the predominant species of Dinophyceae class. Bacillariophyceaes are thermo-tolerant and halo-tolerant while Dinophyceaes and Cyanophyceaes are thermo-intolerant and halo-intolerant. Bacillariophyceaes are silica limited while Dinophyceaes are phosphorus limited phytoplankton
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Dinophyceaes ; Bacillariophyceaes ; Prorocentrum sp. ; Phytoplankton composition ; Shrimp farm ; Nutrients ; Environmental parameters
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp. 1044-1054
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  • 100
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    Phytoplankton growth and microzooplankton grazing in the Homa Lagoon (İzmir Bay, Turkey) (2018)
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    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Phytoplankton growth and microzooplankton grazing were investigated at one station in the Homa Lagoon from February to January in 2006-2007. Our results showed significant seasonal variations in phytoplankton dynamics. Microzooplankton was mainly composed of dinoflagellates and tintinnid ciliates and nauplii. Microzooplankton grazing increased with increasing of temperature. Grazing rate was maximum levels in spring and summer. Microphytoplankton, which dominated the total algal biomass and production, were characterized by the proliferation of several chain-forming diatoms. Small heterotrophic flagellates and aloricate ciliates were the main controllers of phytoplankton. Phytoplankton represented a significant for micrograzers, which grazing represented 20–120% of diatom and cynabacteria algal production during 2006-2007. Microzooplankton has, however, a relatively high impact on microphytoplankton, as 〉 45% of microalgal production was consumed throughout the year. These results suggest that the low grazing was one of the factors contributing to the development of the spring bloom. All of seasonal bases, the phytoplankton production were grazed by microzooplankton in summer, autumn and winter–spring seasons have been changing between 20%-120%. The seasonal variation in the microzooplankton grazing pressure seems to result from the dominant size class of the phytoplankton community of this lagoon diatom and cynabacteria.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Grazing ; Lagoons ; Microzooplankton ; Nutrient ; Phytoplankton
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.807-824
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