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  • Springer  (886,230)
  • Oxford University Press  (135,017)
  • Copernicus  (74,256)
  • American Geophysical Union  (69,841)
  • Frontiers Media
  • 2015-2019  (722,999)
  • 2000-2004  (238,544)
  • 1975-1979  (233,895)
  • 1940-1944  (16,877)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Language
Years
Year
  • 1
    Unknown
    The Conversion of Liquid Rocket Fuels : Risk Assessment, Technology and Treatment Options for the Conversion of Abandoned Liquid Ballistic Missile Propellants (Fuels and Oxidizers) in Azerbaijan (2004)
    Springer
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: Prof. Dr. -Ing. Wolfgang Spyra Brandenburg University of Technology in Cottbus, Germany The demilitarization and conversion of military properties wor- wide has been a topic of growing importance since the end of the Cold War. The slowing of the arms race brought on by weapons treaties and relaxed tensions between NATO and Warsaw Pact nations caused sto- piles of conventional weapons to become superfluous. The need to process and dispose of such weapons began more quickly in NATO countries. This demilitarization process began shortly after the reunification of Germany and was largely completed by the mid to late 1990’s. The remaining process, no small task in itself, of converting lands formerly used by the military into safe and environmentally acceptable landscapes may continue for decades to come. Due to a lack of resources and technology, the process of demilitarization in the former Warsaw Pact countries has launched more slowly. In 2002 both Georgia and Moldova finished projects which destroyed their stocks of liquid ballistic missile components. Both these projects were carried out through the cooperative support of trans-national organizations, private contractors, and research institutions. The Republic of Azerbaijan now finds itself at the beginning of its demilitarization process. Stored at the country’s military depots are over 2000 tons of missile fuels, oxidizer, and chemical additives. This hazardous waste is kept in tanks intended only for temporary transport and storage.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 148 pages)
    ISBN: 9781402023811
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-2381-2
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Unknown
    Effects of Space Weather on Technology Infrastructure : Proceedings of the NATO ARW on Effects of Space Weather on Technology Infrastructure, Rhodes, Greece, from 25 to 29 March 2003. (2004)
    Springer
    Details
    Keywords: communication ; design ; dynamics ; environment ; network ; physics ; power transmission ; radio ; satellite ; simulation ; technology ; transmission
    Description / Table of Contents: The 17 chapters of this book grew out of the tutorial lectures given by leading world-class experts at the NATO Advanced Research Workshop “Effects of Space Weather on Technology Infrastructure” - ESPRIT, which was held in Rhodes on March 25-29, 2004. All manuscripts were refereed and subsequently meticulously edited by the editor to ensure the highest quality for this monograph. I owe particular thanks to the lecturers of the ESPRIT Advanced Research Workshop for producing these excellent tutorial reviews, which convey the essential knowledge and the latest advances in our field. Due to the breadth, extensive literature citations and quality of the reviews we expect this publication to serve extremely well as a reference book. Multimedia material referring to individual chapters of the book is accessible on the accompanying CD. The aim of ESPRIT was to assess existing knowledge and identify future actions regarding monitoring, forecasting and mitigation of space weather induced malfunction and damage of vital technological systems operating in space and on the ground.
    ISBN: 9781402027543
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-2754-0
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Unknown
    Thinking it through : an introduction to contemporary philosophy (2003)
    Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Philosophy, Introductions.
    Notes: Mind -- Knowledge -- Language -- Science -- Morality -- Politics -- Law -- Metaphysics -- Philosophy
    Pages: xviii, 412 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-518393-2
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=120898
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    E-Book (German National Licenses)
  • 4
    Unknown
    In defense of globalization (2004)
    New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Anti-globalization movement. ; Globalization, Economic aspects. ; Globalization, Social aspects.
    Notes: I. Coping with anti-globalization -- 1. Anti-globalization: why? -- 2. Globalization: socially, not just economically, benign -- 3. Globalization is good but not good enough -- 4. Non-government organizations -- II. Globalization's human face: trade and corporations -- 5. Poverty: enhanced or diminished? -- 6. Child labor: increased or reduced? -- 7. Women: harmed or helped? -- 8. Democracy at bay? -- 9. Culture imperiled or enriched? -- 10. Wages and labor standards at stake? -- 11. Environment in peril? -- 12. Corporations: predatory or beneficial? -- III. Other dimensions of globalization -- 13. The perils of Gung-Ho International Financial capitalism -- 14. International flows of humanity -- IV. Appropriate governance: making globalization work better -- 15. Appropriate governance: an overview -- 16. Coping with downsides -- 17. Accelerating the achievement of social agendas -- 18. Managing transitions: optimal, not maximal, speed -- V. In conclusion -- 19. And so, let us begin anew
    Pages: xi, 308 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-530391-1
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=129267
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  • 5
    Unknown
    Handbook of affective sciences : Affective sciences (2003)
    Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press
    Series in affective science  
    Details
    Keywords: Affect (Psychology) ; Electronic books ; Emotions
    Pages: xvii, 1199 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-530205-2
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=129691
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  • 6
    Unknown
    Encounters with God : an approach to the theology of Jonathan Edwards (2000)
    New York : Oxford University Press
    Religion in America series  
    Details
    Keywords: Edwards, Jonathan,, 1703-1758.
    Pages: xii, 194 p.
    ISBN: 0-585-30895-0
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=23547
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  • 7
    Unknown
    Understanding truth (2000)
    New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Truth.
    Pages: ix, 268 p.
    ISBN: 0-585-32455-7
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=23592
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  • 8
    Unknown
    American Lazarus : religion and the rise of African-American and native American literatures (2003)
    Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Occom, Samson,, 1723-1792. ; African Americans in literature. ; African Americans, Intellectual life. ; American literature, African American authors, History and criticism. ; American literature, Indian authors, History and criticism. ; American literature, 1783-1850, History and criticism. ; American literature, Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775, History and criticism. ; American literature, Revolution, 1775-1783, History and criticism. ; Christian literature, American, History and criticism. ; Christianity and literature, United States, History, 18th century. ; Hymns, English, United States, History and criticism. ; Indians in literature. ; Indians of North America, Intellectual life.
    Pages: vi, 255 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-518567-6
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=92702
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  • 9
    Unknown
    Welfare as we knew it : a political history of the American welfare state (2000)
    New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: United States, Social policy. ; Public welfare, United States, History.
    Pages: 210 p.
    ISBN: 0-585-35667-X
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=53587
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  • 10
    Unknown
    Memory and emotion (2004)
    Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press
    Series in affective science  
    Details
    Keywords: Autobiographical memory. ; Brain, physiology. ; Emotions. ; Emotions, physiology. ; Memory, physiology. ; Mental Disorders, psychology. ; Psychiatry. ; Psychophysiology.
    Notes: Memory for emotional events / Daniel Reisberg and Friderike Heuer -- The neuroanatomy of emotional memory in humans / Tony W. Buchanan and Ralph Adolphs -- The biopsychology of trauma and memory / Jessica D. Payne ... [et al.] -- Forgetting trauma? / Richard J. McNally, Susan A. Clancy, and Heidi M. Barrett -- Selective memory effects in anxiety disorders : an overview of research findings and their implications / Colin MacLeod and Andrew Mathews -- Memory for emotional and nonemotional events in depression : a question of habit? / Paula Hertel -- Emotion, memory, and conscious awareness in schizophrenia / Jean-Marie Danion ... [et al.] -- Children's memories of emotional events / Robyn Fivush and Jessica McDermott Sales -- Aging and emotional memory / Mara Mather -- Emotion and eyewitness memory / Robin S. Edelstein ... [et al.] -- Emotional memory in survivors of the Holocaust : a qualitative study of oral testimony / Robert N. Kraft
    Pages: xiv, 413 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-518650-8
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=121006
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  • 11
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    The Oxford dictionary of saints (2000)
    New York : Oxford University Press
    Oxford paperback reference  
    Details
    Keywords: Christian saints, Biography, Dictionaries. ; Christian saints, Great Britain, Biography, Dictionaries. ; Christian saints, Ireland, Biography, Dictionaries. ; Saints chrétiens, Biographies, Dictionnaires anglais. ; Saints chrétiens, Grande-Bretagne, Biographies, Dictionnaires anglais. ; Saints chrétiens, Irlande, Biographies, Dictionnaires anglais.
    Pages: xxv, 547 p.
    Edition: 4th ed
    ISBN: 0-585-11034-4
    URL: http://www.netlibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=12301
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  • 12
    Unknown
    Evangelicals and science in historical perspective (2000)
    New York : Oxford University Press
    Religion in America series  
    Details
    Keywords: Evangelicalism, History. ; Religion and science, History.
    Notes: The history of science and religion : some evangelical dimensions / John Hedley Brooke -- The Puritan thesis revisited / John Morgan -- Christianity and early modern science : the Foster thesis reconsidered / Edward B. Davis -- Science, theology, and society : from Cotton Mather to William Jennings Bryan / Mark A. Noll -- Science and evangelical theology in Britain from Wesley to Orr / David W. Bebbington -- Science, natural theology, and evangelicalism in early nineteenth-century Scotland : Thomas Chalmers and the Evidence controversy / Jonathan R. Topham -- Scriptural geology in America / Rodney L. Stiling -- Situating evangelical responses to evolution / David N. Livingstone -- Telling tales : evangelicals and the Darwin legend / James Moore -- Creating creationism : meanings and uses since the age of Agassiz / Ronald L. Numbers -- A sign for an unbelieving age : evangelicals and the search for Noah's ark / Larry Eskridge -- "The science of duty" : moral philosophy and the epistemology of science in nineteenth-century America / Allen C. Guelzo -- Toward a Christian social science in Canada, 1890-1930 / Michael Gauvreau and Nancy Christie -- Evangelicals, Biblical scholarship, and the politics of the modern American academy / D.G. Hart -- The meaning of science for Christians : a new dialogue on Olympus / George Marsden
    Pages: vi, 351 p.
    ISBN: 0-585-18275-2
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=23620
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  • 13
    Unknown
    When information came of age : technologies of knowledge in the age of reason and revolution, 1700-1850 (2000)
    Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Europe, Intellectual life, 18th century. ; Europe, Intellectual life, 19th century. ; Europe, Vie intellectuelle, 18e siècle. ; Europe, Vie intellectuelle, 19e siècle. ; Enlightenment. ; Information resources, Europe, History, 18th century. ; Information resources, Europe, History, 19th century. ; Learning and scholarship, Europe, History, 18th century. ; Learning and scholarship, Europe, History, 19th century. ; Savoir et érudition, Europe, Histoire, 18e siècle. ; Savoir et érudition, Europe, Histoire, 19e siècle. ; Siècle des lumières. ; Sources d'information, Europe, Histoire, 18e siècle. ; Sources d'information, Europe, Histoire, 19e siècle.
    Pages: viii, 246 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-518040-2
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=92690
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  • 14
    Unknown
    Studies in classical history and society (2002)
    Oxford [England] ; New York : Oxford University Press
    American classical studies  
    Details
    Keywords: Greece, History, To 146 B.C. ; Grèce, Histoire, Jusqu'à 146 av. J.-C. ; Rome, Histoire. ; Rome, History. ; Civilisation ancienne. ; Civilization, Classical.
    Pages: xi, 151 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-518490-4
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=121005
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  • 15
    Unknown
    Gendarmes and the state in nineteenth-century Europe (2000)
    Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Police, Europe, Histoire. ; Police, Europe, History. ; Police, Europe, History, 19th century. ; Police, France, Histoire. ; Police, France, History.
    Pages: x, 288 p.
    ISBN: 0-585-48633-6
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=100298
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  • 16
    Unknown
    Englishness identified : manners and character, 1650-1850 (2000)
    Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Angleterre, Mœurs et coutumes, 17e siècle. ; Angleterre, Mœurs et coutumes, 18e siècle. ; Angleterre, Mœurs et coutumes, 19e siècle. ; England, Social life and customs, 17th century. ; England, Social life and customs, 17th century. ; England, Social life and customs, 18th century. ; England, Social life and customs, 19th century. ; Anglais dans la littérature. ; Anglais, Histoire. ; English literature, History and criticism. ; Littérature anglaise, Histoire et critique. ; National characteristics, English, in literature. ; National characteristics, English, History.
    Notes: Energy -- Candour -- Decency -- Taciturnity -- Reserve -- Eccentricity -- Manners and character
    Pages: x, 389 p.
    ISBN: 0-585-48625-5
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=100309
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  • 17
    Unknown
    Armies without nations : public violence and state formation in Central America, 1821-1960 (2004)
    Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Central America, Politics and government. ; Political violence, Central America, History. ; State-sponsored terrorism, Central America, History.
    Notes: Part 1 : 1821-1939. Historical dimensions of public violence in Latin America -- Binding hatreds : public violence, state, and nation in Central American history -- Guatemala : organizing for war -- El Salvador : a democracy of violence -- Honduras : caudillos in search of an army -- Nicaragua : a new army finds its caudillo -- Costa Rica : caudillos in search of a state -- Part 2 : 1940-1960. Transformations -- Defining collaboration : the United States and Central America -- Guatemala : "Showcase of Latin America" -- El Salvador : distrustful collaborator -- Honduras : remaking an "armed rabble" -- Nicaragua : "Ready to receive orders from Uncle Sam" -- Costa Rica : an army renamed -- Conclusions -- Statistical appendix -- Notes
    Pages: x, 336 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-518573-0
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=121469
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  • 18
    Unknown
    The conscious mind : in search of a fundamental theory (2000)
    New York : Oxford University Press
    Philosophy of mind series  
    Details
    Keywords: Consciousness. ; Dualism. ; Mind and body. ; Philosophy of mind.
    Pages: xvii, 414 p.
    ISBN: 0-585-35313-1
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=55770
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  • 19
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    Sight unseen : an exploration of conscious and unconscious vision (2004)
    Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Electronic books ; Vision disorders ; Visual perception
    Pages: ix, 135 p.
    ISBN: 1-423-70567-X
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=130746
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  • 20
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    American mobbing, 1828-1861 : toward Civil War (2000)
    New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: United States, History, Civil War, 1861-1865, Causes. ; United States, Race relations. ; United States, Social conditions, To 1865. ; Antislavery movements, United States, History, 19th century. ; Riots, United States, History, 19th century. ; Slavery, Government policy, United States. ; Violence, United States, History, 19th century.
    Pages: xx, 372 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-530397-0
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=120981
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  • 21
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    The changing shape of English nonconformity, 1825-1925 (2000)
    New York, N.Y : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Dissenters, Religious, England, History, 19th century. ; Dissenters, Religious, England, History, 20th century. ; Dissidents (Religion), Angleterre, Histoire, 19e siècle. ; Dissidents (Religion), Angleterre, Histoire, 20e siècle. ; Theology, Study and teaching, England, History, 19th century. ; Theology, Study and teaching, England, History, 20th century. ; Théologie, Étude et enseignement, Angleterre, Histoire, 19e siècle. ; Théologie, Étude et enseignement, Angleterre, Histoire, 20e siècle.
    Pages: 248 p.
    ISBN: 0-585-16245-X
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=23559
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  • 22
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    Charles Dickens in cyberspace : the afterlife of the nineteenth century in postmodern culture (2003)
    New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Great Britain, Civilization, 19th century. ; United States, Civilization, British influences. ; United States, Civilization, 20th century. ; Dickens, Charles,, 1812-1870, Appreciation, United States. ; Criticism, United States, History, 20th century. ; English literature, Appreciation, United States. ; English literature, 19th century, History and criticism, Theory, etc. ; Literature and science, Great Britain. ; Literature and science, United States. ; Postmodernism (Literature), United States. ; Romanticism, Great Britain.
    Pages: x, 270 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-518078-X
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=92722
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  • 23
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    The Gospel according to John : a literary and theological commentary (2000)
    New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Bible., N.T., John. ; Bible., N.T., John, Commentaries.
    Pages: xiii, 625 p.
    Edition: Pbk. rpt. ed., 1997
    ISBN: 0-585-27829-6
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=23535
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  • 24
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    Minds and bodies : philosophers and their ideas (2000)
    New York, N.Y : Oxford University Press
    Philosophy of mind series  
    Details
    Keywords: Ethics, Book reviews. ; Mind and body, Book reviews. ; Philosophy of mind, Book reviews.
    Pages: viii, 264 p.
    ISBN: 0-585-16169-0
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=23637
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  • 25
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    Warranted Christian belief (2000)
    New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Apologetics. ; Christianity, Philosophy. ; Faith and reason, Christianity.
    Pages: xx, 508 p.
    ISBN: 0-585-35267-4
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=55794
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  • 26
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    Mobilizing the information society : strategies for growth and opportunity (2000)
    New York, N.Y : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Information society. ; Société informatisée.
    Pages: xxiii, 516 p.
    ISBN: 0-585-35755-2
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=56409
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  • 27
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    Social identity, intergroup conflict, and conflict reduction (2001)
    Oxford [England] ; New York, N.Y. [USA] : Oxford University Press
    Rutgers series on self and social identity  
    Details
    Keywords: Conflict management. ; Ethnic relations. ; Gestion des conflits. ; Group identity. ; Identité collective. ; Relations interethniques.
    Notes: Introduction : social identity and intergroup conflict / Lee Jussim, Richard D. Ashmore, and David Wilder / Ingroup identification and intergroup conflict : when does ingroup love become outgroup hate? / Marilynn B. Brewer -- Ethnic identity, national identity, and intergroup conflict : the significance of personal experiences / Thomas Hylland Eriksen -- The meaning of american national identity : patterns of ethnic conflict and consensus / Jack Citrin, Cara Wong, and Brian Duff -- Communal and national identity in a multiethnic state : a comparison of three perspectives / Jim Sidanius and John R. Petrocik -- Social and role identities and political violence : identity as a window on violence in northern ireland / Robert W. White -- Individual and group identities in genocide and mass killing / Ervin Staub -- The role of national identity in conflict resolution : experiences from Israeli-Palestinian problem-solving workshops / Herbert C. Kelman -- Conclusion : toward a social identity framework for intergroup conflict / Richard D. Ashmore, Lee Jussim, David Wilder, and Jessica Heppen
    Pages: xii, 270 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-530241-9
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=129724
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  • 28
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    The handbook of culture & psychology : Handbook of culture and psychology (2001)
    New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Ethnopsychology. ; Personality and culture.
    Notes: Culture and psychology at a crossroad : historical perspective and theoretical analysis / John Adamopoulos and Walter J. Lonner -- Individualism and collectivism : past, present, and future / Harry C. Tirandis -- Culture, science, and indigenous psychologies : an integrated analysis / Uichol Kim -- The evolution of cross-cultural research methods / Fons van de Vijver -- Culture, context, and development / Harry W. Gardiner -- Cognition across cultures / R.C. Mishra -- Everyday cognition : where culture, psychology, and education come together / Analúcia D. Schliemann and David W. Carraher -- Culture and moral development / Joan G. Miller -- Culture and emotion / David Matsumoto -- Gender and culture / Deborah L. Best and John E. Williams -- Culture and control orientations / Susumu Yamaguchi -- Culture and human inference : perspectives from three traditions / Kaiping Peng, Daniel R. Ames, and Eric D. Knowles -- Abnormal psychology and culture / Junko Tanaka-Matsumi -- Clinical psychology and culture / Jayne Lee and Stanley Sue -- Polishing the jade : a modest proposal for improving the study of social psychology across cultures / Michael Harris Bond and James T. Tedeschi -- Culture and social cognition : toward a social psychology of cultural dynamics / Yoshihisa Kashima -- Cross-cultural studies of social influence / Peter B. Smith -- Social justice from a cultural perspective / Kwok Leung and Walter G. Stephan -- The A, B, Cs of acculturation / Colleen Ward
    Pages: xvi, 458 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-530227-3
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=129712
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  • 29
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    Thinking about feeling : contemporary philosophers on emotions (2004)
    Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press
    Series in affective science  
    Details
    Keywords: Emotions (Philosophy)
    Notes: Emotions, physiology, and intentionality.Primitive emotions /John Deigh --Emotion : biological fact or social construction /Jenefer Robinson --Embodied emotions /Jesse Prinz --Emotion, appraisal, and cognition.Emotions : what I know, what I'd like to think I know, and what I'd like to think /Ronald de Sousa --Emotions, thoughts, and feelings : emotions as engagements with the world /Robert C. Solomon --Emotions and feelings.Emotion, feeling, and knowledge of the world /Peter Goldie --Subjectivity and emotion /Cheshire Calhoun --Emotions and rationality.Emotions, rationality, and mind/body /Patricia Greenspan --Some considerations about intellectual desire and emotions /Michael Stocker --Emotions, action, and freedom.Emotion and action /Jon Elster --Emotions and freedom /Jerome Neu --Emotion and value.Emotions as judgments of value and importance /Martha Nussbaum --Feelings that matter /Annette Baier --Perturbations of desire : emotions disarming morality in the "Great song" of The Mahabharata /Purushottama Bilimoria --On theories of emotion.Is emotion a natural kind? /Paul E. Griffiths --Emotion as a subtle mental mode /Aaron Ben-Zeev --Enough already with "Theories of emotions" /Amelie Oksenberg Rorty.
    Pages: x, 297 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-530334-2
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=129793
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  • 30
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    Strategic decision making : applying the analytic hierarchy process (2004)
    London ; New York : Springer
    Decision engineering  
    Details
    Keywords: Decision making, Mathematical models. ; Decision making, Methodology.
    Pages: ix, 172 p.
    ISBN: 1-85233-864-4
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=108180
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  • 31
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    The foundations of mind : origins of conceptual thought (2004)
    Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press
    Oxford series in cognitive development  
    Details
    Keywords: Cognition in infants. ; Cognition, physiology, Infant. ; Concepts in infants. ; Thinking, physiology, Infant.
    Notes: How to build a baby : prologue -- Piaget's sensorimotor infant -- Kinds of representation : seeing and thinking -- Perceptual meaning analysis and image-schemas : the infant as interpreter -- Some image-schemas and their functions -- Some differences between percepts and concepts : the case of the basic level -- Some preverbal concepts -- Conceptual categories as induction machines -- Continuity in the conceptual system : acquisition, breakdown, and reorganization -- Recall of the past -- Language acquisition -- Consciousness and conclusions
    Pages: xiii, 359 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-530396-2
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=129820
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    The quest for reality : subjectivism and the metaphysics of colour (2000)
    New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Color (Philosophy)
    Pages: xv, 228 p.
    ISBN: 0-585-36474-5
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=55844
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    Twentieth century sprawl : highways and the reshaping of the American Landscape ; Highways transformed America (2004)
    New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Denver (Colo.), History, 20th century. ; Middlebury (Vt. : Town), History, 20th century. ; Smyrna (Rutherford County, Tenn.), History, 20th century. ; Cities and towns, United States, Growth, History, 20th century, Case studies. ; Interstate Highway System, History, 20th century. ; Roads, Government policy, United States, History, 20th century. ; Transportation, Automotive, United States, History, 20th century.
    Notes: Highway federalism -- Denver meets the automobile -- The decentralization of post-World War II Denver -- Automobiles and a small town -- Bridges, bypasses, and boulevards -- AutoCity : Smyrna, Tennessee
    Pages: xiv, 297 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-530264-8
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=129257
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  • 34
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    A leap in the dark : the struggle to create the American republic (2003)
    Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: United States, History, 1783-1815. ; United States, History, Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775. ; United States, History, Revolution, 1775-1783.
    Notes: Preface -- 1754-1763 : Join, or die -- 1763-1766 : Loss of respect and affection -- 1766-1770 : To crush the spirit of the colonies -- 1770-1774 : Cause of Boston now is the cause of America -- 1775-1776 : To die freemen rather than to live slaves -- 1776-1777 : Leap into the dark -- 1778-1782 : This wilderness of darkness and dangers -- 1783-1787 : Present paroxysm of our affairs -- 1787-1789 : So much unanimity and good will -- 1790-1793 : Prosperous at home, respectable abroad -- 1793-1796 : Colossus to the Antirepublican party -- 1797-1799 : Game where principles are the stake -- 1799-1801 : Gigg is up -- 1801 : Age of revolution and reformation
    Pages: xv, 558 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-518418-1
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=120918
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    Garden spot : Lancaster County, the old order Amish, and the selling of rural America (2002)
    Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Amish Country (Pa.) ; Lancaster County (Pa.), Rural conditions. ; Rural development, Pennsylvania, Lancaster County.
    Notes: Introduction: a fertile soil -- Cultivating the garden : the invention of Lancaster County -- Pride and progress : education, literacy, and the little red schoolhouse -- Dutch country : the Amish and tourism -- Domain of abundance : food and farming -- Landscape of progress : urbanization and planning -- Preserving the garden : development and farm preservation -- Epilogue: the harvest -- Appendix : Farms and population of Lancaster County, 1900-2000
    Pages: x, 258 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-518029-1
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=92724
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    The human side of M & A : how CEOs leverage the most important asset in deal making ; Human side of M and A ; Human side of mergers and acquisitions ; Leveraging the most important factor in deal making (2004)
    New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Consolidation and merger of corporations. ; Human capital. ; Organizational effectiveness.
    Pages: xi, 193 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-518406-8
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=120907
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    Thought experiments (2000)
    New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Philosophy and science. ; Thought experiments.
    Pages: xii, 318 p.
    Edition: [Pbk. reprint 1998]
    ISBN: 0-585-16074-0
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=23526
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    Postmodernism : a very short introduction (2002)
    Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press
    Very short introductions  
    Details
    Keywords: Postmodernism.
    Pages: 142 p.
    ISBN: 0-585-48631-X
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=100292
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    Organizational participation : myth and reality (2000)
    Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Industrial relations. ; Organizational behavior. ; Organizational sociology.
    Pages: x, 294 p.
    ISBN: 0-585-36603-9
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=56038
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  • 40
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    Understanding genocide : the social psychology of the Holocaust (2002)
    New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945), Influence. ; Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945), Psychological aspects. ; Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945), Social aspects. ; Social sciences, Philosophy.
    Notes: The psychology of bystanders, perpetrators, and heroic helpers / Ervin Staub -- What is a "social-psychological" account of perpetrator behavior? The person versus the situation in Goldhagen's Hitler's willing executioners / Leonard S. Newman -- Authoritarianism and the Holocaust: some cognitive and affective implications / Peter Suedfeld and Mark Schaller -- Perpetrator behavior as destructive obedience: an evaluation of Stanley Milgram's perspective, the most influential social-psychological approach to the Holocaust / Thomas Blass -- Sacrificial lambs dressed in wolves' clothing: envious prejudice, ideology, and the scapegoating of Jews / Peter Glick -- Group processes and the Holocaust / R. Scott Tindale ... [et al.] -- Examining the implications of cultural frames on social movements and group action / Daphna Oyserman and Armand Lauffer -- Population and predators: preconditions for the Holocaust from a control-theoretical perspective / Dieter Frey and Helmut Rez -- The zoomorphism of human collective violence / R.B. Zajonc -- The Holocaust and the four roots of evil / Roy F. Baumeister -- Instigators of genocide: examining Hitler from a social-psychological perspective / David R. Mandel -- Perpetrators with a clear conscience: lying self-deception and belief change / Ralph Erber -- Explaining the Holocaust: does social psychology exonerate the perpetrators? / Arthur G. Miller, Amy M. Buddie, and Jeffrey Kretschmar -- Epilogue: Social psychologists confront the Holocaust / Leonard S. Newman and Ralph Erber
    Pages: xi, 360 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-518618-4
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=120998
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    The American dream : a short history of an idea that shaped a nation (2003)
    Oxford [England] ; New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: United States, Civilization, Philosophy. ; United States, Politics and government, Philosophy. ; National characteristics, American. ; Social values, United States.
    Notes: Introduction: A dream country -- Dream of the good life (I) : the Puritan enterprise -- Dream charter : The declaration of independence -- Dream of the good life (II) : upward mobility -- King of America : the dream of equality -- Detached houses : the dream of home ownership -- Dream of the good life (III) : the coast -- Conclusion: Extending the dream
    Pages: x, 214 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-530398-9
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=129263
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    Feminism and history : Feminism & history (2000)
    New York : Oxford University Press
    Oxford readings in feminism  
    Details
    Keywords: Feminist theory. ; Women, History.
    Notes: Does a sex have a history? /Denise Riley --The dialects of Black womanhood /Bonnie Thornton Dill --Theorizing woman:Funu, Guojia, Jiating (Chinese women, Chinese state, Chinese family) /Tani Barlow --'Women's history' in transition: the European case /Natalie Zemon Davis --The traffic in women: notes on the 'political economy' of sex /Gayle Rubin --Gender: a useful category of historical analysis /Joan Wallach Scott --African-American women's history and the metalanguge of race /Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham --Carnal knowledge.
    Pages: ix, 611 p.
    ISBN: 0-585-15703-0
    URL: http://www.netlibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=12418
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    New directions in American religious history (2000)
    New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: United States, Church history, Congresses. ; Christianity, United States, Congresses.
    Pages: ix, 502 p.
    ISBN: 0-585-30487-4
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=23593
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    At war with ourselves : why America is squandering its chance to build a better world (2004)
    Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: United States, Foreign relations, Philosophy. ; United States, Foreign relations, 2001- ; Globalization, Political aspects. ; National characteristics, American.
    Pages: xiv, 288 p.
    Edition: [Pbk. ed.]
    ISBN: 0-19-518433-5
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=120929
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    Feminism and science : Feminism & science (2000)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Oxford readings in feminism  
    Details
    Keywords: Feminist theory. ; Science, Philosophy. ; Science, Social aspects. ; Women in science.
    Pages: vii, 289 p.
    ISBN: 0-585-12065-X
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=12414
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  • 46
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    When flesh becomes word : an anthology of early eighteenth-century libertine literature (2004)
    New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: English literature, 18th century. ; Erotic literature, English. ; Libertinism, Literary collections.
    Notes: British libertine literature before Fanny Hill (1749) -- 1: The school of Venus (1680) -- 2: The pleasure of a single life (1701), The fifteen comforts of Cuckoldom (1706), and the fifteen plagues of a maiden-head (1707) -- 3: Gonosologium Novum (1709) -- 4: Venus in the cloister (1725) -- 5: A dialogue between a married lady and a maid (1740) -- 6: A new description of merryland (1741) -- 7: The female husband (1746)
    Pages: xxxiii, 332 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-518577-3
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=120996
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    Democracies in flux : the evolution of social capital in contemporary society (2002)
    Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Capital social (Sociologie) ; Civil society. ; Democracy. ; Démocratie. ; Social capital (Sociology) ; Société civile.
    Notes: Introduction /Robert D. Putnam and Kristin A. Goss --Great Britain: the role of government and the distribution of social capital /Peter A. Hall --United States: bridging the privileged and the marginalized? /Robert Wuthnow --United States: from membership to advocacy /Theda Skocpol --France: old and new civic and social ties in France /Jean-Pierre Worms --Decline of social capital?: the German case /Claus Offe and Susanne Fuchs --From civil war to civil society: social capital in Spain from the 1930s to the 1990s /Victor Pérez-Díaz --Sweden: social capital in the social democratic state /Bo Rothstein --Australia: making the lucky country /Eva Cox --Broadening the basis of social capital in Japan /Takashi Inoguchi --Conclusion /Robert D. Putnam.
    Pages: 516 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-518460-2
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    The Oxford companion to philosophy (2000)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Philosophie, Encyclopédies. ; Philosophy, Encyclopedias.
    Pages: xviii, 1009 p.
    ISBN: 0-585-18263-9
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=22941
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    Holy war, holy peace : how religion can bring peace to the Middle East (2002)
    New York, N.Y : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Arab-Israeli conflict, Religious aspects. ; Arab-Israeli conflict, 1993-, Peace. ; Religion and politics, Middle East.
    Pages: viii, 269 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-518512-9
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=121463
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    There are no slaves in France : the political culture of race and slavery in the Ancien ReÌgime (2000)
    New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: France, Race relations, History, 18th century. ; Blacks, Legal status, laws, etc., France, History, 18th century. ; Political culture, France, History, 18th century. ; Racism, France, History, 18th century.
    Pages: x, 210 p.
    ISBN: 0-585-32788-2
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=53439
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    Web services, E-Business, and the Semantic Web : second international workshop, WES 2003, Klagenfurt, Austria, June 16-17, 2003 ; WES 2003 (2004)
    Berlin ; New York : Springer
    Lecture notes in computer science  
    Details
    Keywords: Semantic Web, Congresses.
    Pages: x, 145 p.
    ISBN: 3-540-25982-1
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=130186
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  • 52
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    Bowing to necessities : a history of manners in America, 1620-1860 (2000)
    New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Etiquette, United States, History.
    Notes: Part I -- Hierarchy: manners in a vertical social order, 1620-1740.Manners for gentlemenManners over minorsManners maketh menPart II --Revolution: an opening of possibilities, 1740-1820.Middle class risingYouth risingWomen risingPart III -- Resolution: manners for democrats, 1820-1860.Manners for the middle classManners for adultsLadies first?
    Pages: x, 310 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-530339-3
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=129794
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    The Oxford dictionary of the Jewish religion (2000)
    New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Judaism, Dictionaries.
    Pages: xviii, 764 p.
    ISBN: 0-585-38345-6
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=53320
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    Marriage wars in late Renaissance Venice (2001)
    Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press
    Studies in the history of sexuality  
    Details
    Keywords: Venice (Italy), Social conditions, To 1797 ; Electronic books ; Marriage, History, Italy, Venice ; Renaissance, Italy, Venice
    Pages: xi, 221 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-518018-6
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=92688
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  • 55
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    Joyce's revenge : history, politics, and aesthetics in Ulysses (2002)
    Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Great Britain, Relations, Ireland. ; Ireland, In literature. ; Ireland, Relations, Great Britain. ; Joyce, James,, 1882-1941., Ulysses. ; Joyce, James,, 1882-1941, Aesthetics. ; Joyce, James,, 1882-1941, Political and social views. ; Literature and history, Ireland, History, 20th century. ; Politics and literature, Ireland, History, 20th century.
    Pages: xii, 306 p.
    ISBN: 0-585-48623-9
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=100300
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    The Oxford dictionary of philosophy : Dictionary of philosophy (2000)
    New York : Oxford University Press
    Oxford paperback reference  
    Details
    Keywords: Philosophie, Dictionnaires anglais. ; Philosophy, Dictionaries.
    Pages: ix, 418 p.
    ISBN: 0-585-11072-7
    URL: http://www.netlibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=12313
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    Susanna Wesley : the complete writings (2000)
    New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Wesley, Susanna Annesley,, 1669-1742. ; Wesley, Susanna Annesley,, 1670-1742. ; Anglicans, England, Biography.
    Pages: xiv, 504 p.
    ISBN: 0-585-24572-X
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=23631
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    The crime in mind : criminal responsibility and the Victorian novel (2003)
    New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Crime in literature. ; Criminal liability in literature. ; Criminals in literature. ; English fiction, 19th century, History and criticism. ; Law and literature, History, 19th century. ; Legal stories, English, History and criticism. ; Responsibility in literature.
    Notes: Organizing crime : conduct and character in Oliver Twist : prologue to George Eliot's crimes -- "To fix our minds on that consequence" : minding consequences in Adam Bede and Felix Holt -- Middlemarch, Daniel Deronda, and the crime in mind -- James Fitzjames Stephen and the responsibilities of narrative -- Modern responsibilities
    Pages: viii, 275 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-518524-2
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=121487
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    Defending Ireland : the Irish state and its enemies since 1922 (2000)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Ireland, Defenses, History, 20th century. ; Ireland, Foreign relations, 1922- ; Ireland, Military policy, History, 20th century. ; Ireland, Politics and government, 1922- ; National security, Ireland, History, 20th century.
    Pages: 382 p.
    ISBN: 0-585-48615-8
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=100313
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    Playing the races : ethnic caricature and American literary realism (2004)
    New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: United States, Ethnic relations, History, 19th century. ; United States, Race relations, History, 19th century. ; American fiction, 19th century, History and criticism. ; Caricatures and cartoons, United States, History, 19th century. ; Ethnicity in literature. ; Race in literature. ; Realism in literature. ; Stereotype (Psychology) in literature.
    Notes: Introduction: the age of caricature, the age of realism -- William Dean Howells and the touch of exaggeration which typifies -- "I want a real coon": Twain and ethnic caricature -- A Jamesian art to be cultivated -- Edith Wharton's flamboyant copy -- The "curious realism" of Charles Chesnutt
    Pages: viii, 196 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-518578-1
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    The Great War and the language of modernism (2003)
    New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Eliot, T. S., (Thomas Stearns),, 1888-1965, Views on war. ; Pound, Ezra,, 1885-1972, Views on war. ; Woolf, Virginia,, 1882-1941, Views on war. ; American poetry, 20th century, History and criticism. ; Americans, Great Britain, History, 20th century. ; Modernism (Literature), Great Britain. ; Modernism (Literature), United States. ; World War, 1914-1918, Great Britain, Literature and the war.
    Pages: xiii, 395 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-518055-0
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=92703
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    Consciousness lost and found : a neuropsychological exploration (2000)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Consciousness. ; Neuropsychology.
    Pages: 272 p.
    ISBN: 0-585-24486-3
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=27427
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    Social movements : identity, culture, and the state (2002)
    Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Keywords: Mouvements sociaux. ; Social movements.
    Notes: pt. I. Introduction. Opportunities and identities: bridge-building in the study of social movements / David S. Meyer -- pt. II. States and policies. State repression and democracy protest in three southeast Asian countries / Vincent Boudreau -- Mobilization on the South African gold mines / T. Dunbar Moodie -- Multiple meditations: the state and the women's movements in India / Manisha Desai -- The contradictions of gay ethnicity: forging identity in Vermont / Mary Bernstein -- Creating social change: lessons from the civil rights movement / Kenneth T. Andrews -- pt. III. Organization and strategies. The "meso" in social movement research / Suzanne Staggenborg -- Strategizing and the sense of context: reflections on the first two weeks of the Liverpool docks lockout, September-October 1995 / Colin Barker and Michael Lavalette -- Factions and the continuity of political challengers / Mildred A. Schwartz -- More than one feminism: organizational structure and the construction of collective identity / Jo Reger -- The development of individual identity and consciousness among movements of the left and right / Rebecca E. Klatch -- pt. IV. Collective identities, discourse, and culture. Toward a more dialogic analysis of social movement culture / Marc W. Steinberg -- Materialist feminist discourse analysis and social movement research: mapping the changing context for "community control" / Nancy A. Naples -- From the "beloved community" to "family values": religious language, symbolic repertoires, and democratic culture / Rhys H. Williams -- External political change, collective identities, and participation in social movement organizations / Belinda Robnett -- pt. V. Conclusion. Meaning and structure in social movements / Nancy Whittier
    Pages: xvi, 366 p.
    ISBN: 0-19-530277-X
    URL: http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=129231
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    Great Policy Successes (2019)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-23
    Description: "With so much media and political criticism of their shortcomings and failures, it is easy to overlook the fact that many governments work pretty well much of the time. Great Policy Successes turns the spotlight on instances of public policy that are remarkably successful. It develops a framework for identifying and assessing policy successes, paying attention not just to their programmatic outcomes but also to the quality of the processes by which policies are designed and delivered, the level of support and legitimacy they attain, and the extent to which successful performance endures over time. The bulk of the book is then devoted to 15 detailed case studies of striking policy successes from around the world, including Singapore's public health system, Copenhagen and Melbourne's rise from stilted backwaters to the highly liveable and dynamic urban centres they are today, Brazil's Bolsa Familia poverty relief scheme, the US's GI Bill, and Germany's breakthrough labour market reforms of the 2000s. Each case is set in context, its main actors are introduced, key events and decisions are described, the assessment framework is applied to gauge the nature and level of its success, key contributing factors to success are identified, and potential lessons and future challenges are identified. Purposefully avoiding the kind of heavy theorizing that characterizes many accounts of public policy processes, each case is written in an accessible and narrative style ideally suited for classroom use in conjunction with mainstream textbooks on public policy design, implementation, and evaluation.
    Keywords: public policy ; policy evaluation ; government ; governance ; social policy ; health policy ; economic policy ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government
    Language: English
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    Landforms and landscapes of Mount Etna (Sicily): relationships between a volcano, its environment and human activity (2018)
    Springer | Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-10-13
    Description: Mount Etna is the highest relief in Sicily and represents a unique environment because of its long established and almost continuous eruptive activity, that has moulded its landforms and which has produced distinctive landscapes. Over the past 60 ka both destructive and constructive geological processes have produced the principal morphological features of the volcano such as the wide Valle del Bove depression, monogenic scoria cones and extensive lava flow fields. Relationships between Etna, its environment and human activity began in the Neolithic Period within the mountain foot region and have developed over millennia. Even though there has been a rapid rate of resurfacing by lava during historic times, the impact on human activity has been short-lived, recovery has been rapid and society has adjusted to the ever present hazard in distinctive ways.
    Description: Published
    Description: 467-478
    Description: 1V. Storia eruttiva
    Description: N/A or not JCR
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    Supporting the Development of Procedures for Communications During Volcanic Emergencies: Lessons Learnt from the Canary Islands (Spain) and Etna and Stromboli (Italy) (2017)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-11-18
    Description: Volcanic crises are complex and especially challenging to manage. Volcanic unrest is characterised by uncertainty about whether an eruption will or will not take place, as well as its possible location, size and evolution. Planning is further complicated by the range of potential hazards and the variety of disciplines involved in forecasting and responding to volcanic emergencies. Effective management is favoured at frequently active volcanoes, owing to the experience gained through the repeated ‘testing’ of systems of communication. Even when plans have not been officially put in place, the groups involved tend to have an understanding of their roles and responsibilities and those of others. Such experience is rarely available at volcanoes that have been quiescent for several generations. Emergency responses are less effective, not only because of uncertainties about the volcanic system itself, but also because scientists, crisis directors, managers and the public are inexperienced in volcanic unrest. In such situations, tensions and misunderstandings result in poor communication and have the potential to affect decision making and delay vital operations. Here we compare experiences on communi- cating information during crises on volcanoes reawakening after long repose (El Hierro in the Canary Islands) and in frequent eruption (Etna and Stromboli in Sicily). The results provide a basis for enhancing commu- nication protocols during volcanic emergencies.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-17
    Description: 6V. Pericolosità vulcanica e contributi alla stima del rischio
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Keywords: Etna volcano ; Stromboli volcano ; Canary Islands ; volcanic emergencies ; communication ; volcanic crisis ; Procedures for Communications During Volcanic Emergencies ; 04.08. Volcanology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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    High-speed imaging of Strombolian explosions: The ejection velocity of pyroclasts (2015)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-12-14
    Description: Explosive volcanic eruptions are defined as the violent ejection of gas and hot fragments from a vent in the Earth's crust. Knowledge of ejection velocity is crucial for understanding and modeling relevant physical processes of an eruption, and yet direct measurements are still a difficult task with largely variable results. Here we apply pioneering high-speed imaging to measure the ejection velocity of pyroclasts from Strombolian explosive eruptions with an unparalleled temporal resolution. Measured supersonic velocities, up to 405 m/s, are twice higher than previously reported for such eruptions. Individual Strombolian explosions include multiple, sub-second-lasting ejection pulses characterized by an exponential decay of velocity. When fitted with an empirical model from shock-tube experiments literature, this decay allows constraining the length of the pressurized gas pockets responsible for the ejection pulses. These results directly impact eruption modeling and related hazard assessment, as well as the interpretation of geophysical signals from monitoring networks.
    Description: INGV-DPC “V2” and “Paroxysm”, FIRB-MIUR “Research and Development of New Technologies for Protection and Defense of Territory from Natural Risks”, and FP7-PEOPLE-IEF-2008 – 235328 Projects
    Description: Published
    Description: L02301
    Description: 3V. Dinamiche e scenari eruttivi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: strombolian ; ejection velocity ; explosive eruption ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.07. Instruments and techniques ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.03. Volcanic eruptions
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    Insights into shallow magmatic processes at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaiʻi, from a multiyear continuous gravity time series (2017)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-02-10
    Description: Continuous gravity data collected near the summit eruptive vent at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaiʻi, during 2011–2015 show a strong correlation with summit-area surface deformation and the level of the lava lake within the vent over periods of days to weeks, suggesting that changes in gravity reflect variations in volcanic activity. Joint analysis of gravity and lava level time series data indicates that over the entire time period studied, the average density of the lava within the upper tens to hundreds of meters of the summit eruptive vent remained low—approximately 1000–1500 kg/m^3. The ratio of gravity change (adjusted for Earth tides and instrumental drift) to lava level change measured over 15 day windows rose gradually over the course of 2011–2015, probably reflecting either (1) a small increase in the density of lava within the eruptive vent or (2) an increase in the volume of lava within the vent due to gradual vent enlargement. Superimposed on the overall time series were transient spikes of mass change associated with inflation and deflation of Kīlauea’s summit and coincident changes in lava level. The unexpectedly strong mass variations during these episodes suggest magma flux to and from the shallow magmatic system without commensurate deformation, perhaps indicating magma accumulation within, and withdrawal from, void space—a process that might not otherwise be apparent from lava level and deformation data alone. Continuous gravity data thus provide unique insights into magmatic processes, arguing for continued application of the method at other frequently active volcanoes.
    Description: Published
    Description: 5477–5492
    Description: 2V. Dinamiche di unrest e scenari pre-eruttivi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Kīlauea Volcano; gravity changes; lava lake; volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.02. Gravity methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.05. Gravity variations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
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    The borehole dilatometers network of Mt. Etna : a powerful tool to detect and infer volcano dynamics (2017)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-02-10
    Description: A network of four borehole dilatometers has been installed on Etna in two successive phases (2010–2011 and 2014). The borehole dilatometers are installed in holes drilled at depths usually greater than 100 m, and they measure the volumetric strain of the surrounding rock with a nominal precision up to 10^-11 in a wide frequency range (10^-7–25 Hz). Here we describe the characteristics of the network and the results of the in situ calibrations obtained after the installations by different methods. We illustrate short-term strain changes recorded during several lava fountains erupted by Etna during 2011–2013, and we also show signal changes recorded at all four stations during the lava fountain on 28 December 2014. Analytical and numerical computations constrained the eruptions source depth and also its volume change that is related to the magma volume emitted. Finally, we show the potential of the signal in the medium term to reveal strain changes related to different phases of the volcanic activity.
    Description: Published
    Description: 4655–4669
    Description: 1IT. Reti di monitoraggio e Osservazioni
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Etna volcano ; borehole strainmeters ; strain ; eruptions and lava fountains ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring
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    Eruptive activity at Turrialba volcano (Costa Rica): Inferences from 3He/4He in fumarole gases and chemistry of the products ejected during 2014 and 2015 (2017)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-01
    Description: A new period of eruptive activity started at Turrialba volcano, Costa Rica, in 2010 after almost 150 years of quiescence. This activity has been characterized by sporadic explosions whose frequency clearly increased since October 2014. This study aimed to identify the mechanisms that triggered the resumption of this eruptive activity and characterize the evolution of the phenomena over the past 2 years. We integrate 3He/4He data available on fumarole gases collected in the summit area of Turrialba between 1999 and 2011 with new measurements made on samples collected between September 2014 and February 2016. The results of a petrological investigation of the products that erupted between October 2014 and May 2015 are also presented. We infer that the resumption of eruptive activity in 2010 was triggered by a replenishment of the plumbing system of Turrialba by a new batch of magma. This is supported by the increase in 3He/4He values observed since 2005 at the crater fumaroles and by comparable high values in September 2014, just before the onset of the new eruptive phase. The presence of a number of fresh and juvenile glassy shards in the erupted products increased between October 2014 and May 2015, suggesting the involvement of new magma with a composition similar to that erupted in 1864–1866. We conclude that the increase in 3He/4He at the summit fumaroles since October 2015 represents strong evidence of a new phase of magma replenishment, which implies that the level of activity remains high at the volcano.
    Description: Published
    Description: 3V. Proprietà dei magmi e dei prodotti vulcanici
    Description: 4V. Dinamica dei processi pre-eruttivi
    Description: 5V. Dinamica dei processi eruttivi e post-eruttivi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Turrialba volcano ; eruptive activity ; 3He/4He ; fumarole gases ; glassy shards ; juvenile component ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.08. Volcanic arcs ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.05. Volcanic rocks ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk
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    Improvement of microseismic monitoring at the gas storage concession “Minerbio Stoccaggio” (Bologna, Northern Italy) (2019)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-10-22
    Description: The storage concession "Minerbio Stoccaggio" (Bologna, Northern Italy) covers a 69 km 2 area, 65% of hich is located in the Minerbio municipality. Since 1979, a microseismic network for the monitoring of seismicity, eventually induced by gas storage activities, has been installed in this area. The network was operated by Stogit S.p.A, a subsidiary company of Snam, which is the largest storage operator in Italy. In 2016, the microseismic network, consisting of three surface stations and one 100-m-deep borehole sensor with minimum interstation distances of about 3.0 km, was integrated with 12 regional stations installed in an 80 × 80 km 2 area centered on the surface projection of the reservoir. In 2018, the microseismic network was enhanced by adding one surface and three 150-m-deep borehole stations. In this work, we evaluate the detection improvement of the microseismic network, integrated with the regional stations. We define two crustal volumes for earthquake detection: the inner domain of detection, IDD (10 × 10 × 5) km 3 , within which we should ensure the highest network performance, and the extended domain of detection, EDD (22 × 22 × 11) km 3 . By comparing the simulated power spectral density of hypothetical seismic sources located in EDD with the average power spectra of ambient seismic noise observed at each station site, we calculate detection and localization thresholds for the two above-mentioned networks. Under unfavourable noise conditions, we find that the present operative seismic network allows locating earthquakes with M L ≥ 0.8 occurring at the depth of the reservoir and with M L ≥ 1.0 if located within IDD.
    Description: Funding information This study received financial support from BComune di Minerbio^ under the grant BSperimentazione ILG Minerbio^ (grant number 0913.010)
    Description: Published
    Description: 967–977
    Description: 3SR TERREMOTI - Attività dei Centri
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Induced seismicity ; Earthquake detection ; Ambient seismic noise ; Microseismic monitoring ; MiSE ; oilfield monitoring guidelines
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  • 72
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    Spatially resolved SO2 flux emissions from Mt Etna (2017)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-12-15
    Description: We report on a systematic record of SO2 flux emissions from individual vents of Etna volcano (Sicily), which we obtained using a permanent UV camera network. Observations were carried out in summer 2014, a period encompassing two eruptive episodes of the New South East Crater (NSEC) and a fissure-fed eruption in the upper Valle del Bove. We demonstrate that our vent-resolved SO2 flux time series allow capturing shifts in activity from one vent to another and contribute to our understanding of Etna’s shallowplumbingsystemstructure.We findthatthe fissureeruptioncontributed~50,000tofSO2 or~30%of the SO2 emitted by the volcano during the 5 July to 10 August eruptive interval. Activity from this eruptive ventgraduallyvanishedon10August,markingaswitchofdegassingtowardtheNSEC.Onsetofdegassingat the NSEC was a precursory to explosive paroxysmal activity on 11–15 August.
    Description: Published
    Description: 7511-7519
    Description: 3V. Dinamiche e scenari eruttivi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Records of SO2 flux emissions from Etna’sindividualventsallowcapturing shifts in volcanic activity ; Vent-resolved SO2 flux time series provide constraints on geometry of the shallow plumbing system ; Vent-resolved SO2 flux time series demonstrate SO2 flux increase precursory to paroxysmal (lava fountaining) activity ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases
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    Long-Term Disaster-Prevention Strategies Based on Education (2015)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-12-23
    Description: Although human behavior is the crucial factor in the degree of vulnerability and the likelihood of disasters taking place, preparedness and prevention programs are not mandatory in all countries around the world. Within the framework of UPStrat-MAFA (Urban disaster Prevention Strategies using MAcroseismic FAults), we have defined the disaster prevention strategies based on education management information and actions taken in Iceland, Portugal, Spain, and Italy. A detailed comparative study shows that compulsory school in these four participating countries is greatly unprepared with regard to hazard education, and these results are in line with worldwide studies. Moreover, when hazards are addressed, this is not done at an early age, which results in a missed chance to intervene in the noncognitive side of awareness, which decreases at later ages. To comply with the urge to take actions towards training and education at an early age, we used hands-on tools and learn-by-playing approaches in an informal learning environment. To reach the older population, the audio- visual media appears to be the best and lowest cost alternative to promote risk perception, awareness and education.
    Description: Published
    Description: 77-80
    Description: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Disaster prevention ; Education ; Seismic hazard ; Information strategies ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.99. General or miscellaneous
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    Type: book chapter
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    The annual asymmetry in the F2 layer during deep solar minimum (2008–2009): December anomaly (2015)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-02-10
    Description: Annual January/July midlatitude daytime asymmetry in monthly median NmF2 and model thermospheric parameters has been considered during deep solar minimum, (2008–2009), when solar and geomagnetic activities were at the lowest level, to analyze the background effect due to the Sun-Earth minimum distance, perihelion, in the vicinity of the December solstice. Averaged over 10 midlatitude station pairs, the NmF2 asymmetry was found to be ≈1.23, while the average asymmetry for the annual component in NmF2 variations is ≈1.17. Annual asymmetry in monthly median neutral composition and temperature predicted by Mass Spectrometer Incoherent Scatter 86 (MSIS86) and MSISE00 thermospheric models along with the 7% increase in solar EUV flux in the vicinity of the December solstice is sufficient to explain the observed annual asymmetry in NmF2. A hierarchy of aeronomic parameters responsible for the observed asymmetry in NmF2 has been established: the main contributor is atomic oxygen—about 50% of the total effect, [N2] contributes around 35% strongly compensating the [O] contribution, and solar EUV and Tn provide 〈10% each. The zonal mean annual asymmetry in MSIS86 atomic oxygen column density was shown to be 1.18 at low and middle latitudes, and this is close to the estimated asymmetry for the annual component in NmF2 variations. The earlier proposed mechanism of the December anomaly is considered as a plausible one to explain the 1.18 January/July asymmetry in the atomic oxygen variations and consequently the NmF2 annual daytime asymmetry at middle latitudes under the deep solar minimum.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1341-1354
    Description: 2A. Fisica dell'alta atmosfera
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: december anomaly ; 01. Atmosphere::01.02. Ionosphere::01.02.01. Ion chemistry and composition
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    The origin of along-rift variations in faulting and magmatism in the Ethiopian Rift (2015)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: The geological record at rifts and margins worldwide often reveals considerable along-strike variations in volumes of extruded and intruded igneous rocks. These variations may be the result of asthenospheric heterogeneity, variations in rate, and timing of extension; alternatively, preexisting plate architecture and/or the evolving kinematics of extension during breakup may exert first-order control on magmatism. The Main Ethiopian Rift (MER) in East Africa provides an excellent opportunity to address this dichotomy: it exposes, along strike, several sectors of asynchronous rift development from continental rifting in the south to incipient oceanic spreading in the north. Here we perform studies of volcanic cone density and rift obliquity along strike in the MER. By synthesizing these new data in light of existing geophysical, geochemical, and petrological constraints on magma generation and emplacement, we are able to discriminate between tectonic and mantle geodynamic controls on the geological record of a newly forming magmatic rifted margin. The timing of rift sector development, the three-dimensional focusing of melt, and the ponding of plume material where the rift dramatically narrows each influence igneous intrusion and volcanism along the MER. However, rifting obliquity plays an important role in localizing intrusion into the crust beneath en echelon volcanic segments. Along-strike variations in volumes and types of igneous rocks found at rifted margins thus likely carry information about the development of strain during rifting, as well as the physical state of the convecting mantle at the time of breakup.
    Description: Published
    Description: 467-477
    Description: 1T. Geodinamica e interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Variationsinmeltproductioncausedby asynchronous rift sector development • Where the rift narrows, ponding of plume material may enhance melting • Three-dimensional migration of melt along the LAB focuses magma supply ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics
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  • 76
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    Historical faulting as the possible cause of earthquake damages in the ancient Roman port city of Ostia (2019)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-09-07
    Description: This paper presents an original multidisciplinary (geological-structural-geomorphological and seismological) study aimed at investigating the origin of diffused seismic damages affecting several ancient buildings in the Roman port city of Ostia. We also evaluate the possibility to relate these damages to a previously hypothesized ENE-WSW trending fault, bordering the morphological height upon which the Ostia town was founded. Aimed at this scope, we performed seismic noise measures (by using 14 seismic stations) that show no significantly different response and lack of significant ground motion differential amplifications. The coexistence of (i) no local geological heterogeneities and (ii) low amplification of spectral ratios in the recorded seismic signals seems to exclude that the observed seismic damage may be the consequence of significant site effects. When also the large distance from the strongest Apennine’s seismogenic source areas is considered, the possibility that the observed damage may be the consequence of local events should be considered. We discuss the potentiality of the ENE-WSW trending fault as the source of the observed seismic damages, highlighting the supporting evidence as well as the uncertainties of such interpretation.
    Description: Published
    Description: 833–851
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
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    2016–2017 Central Italy seismic sequence: strong-motion data analysis and design earthquake selection for seismic microzonation purposes (2019)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-09-07
    Description: This work describes the analysis of the strong-motion data from the Engineering Strong Motion database (ESM, http://esm.mi.ingv.it), aimed at: (1) extract a dataset of accelero- metric waveforms recorded during the 2016–2017 Central Italy seismic sequence; (2) iden- tify the recording stations to be used as reference sites for further seismological analysis; (3) select the records to be used as input for seismic microzonation of higher level at 137 municipalities. Firstly, a residual analysis is carried out on the extracted dataset to perform: (1) the quality check of the waveforms recorded by temporary networks installed soon after the occurrence of the rst main shock (M 6.0, 24 August 2016); (2) the estimation of the site-to-site residual term for each recording station with the aim of recognising potential reference rock sites. Finally, the software REXELite, integrated within the ESM website, is adopted to select suites of spectrum-compatible accelerograms, that will be used as input for calculating site ampli cations through 1D and 2D simulations at sites which suf- fered the greatest damage. The results of this work demonstrate the success of the synergy among Italian institutions. The setup of key infrastructures, such as emergency networks and data repositories, together with the knowledge developed during national projects, turned out to be successful in terms of timely intervention during the emergency phase and the planning of the post-emergency.
    Description: Published
    Description: 5533–5551
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
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    Communicating Information on Eruptions and Their Impacts from the Earliest Times Until the Late Twentieth Century (2018)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-10-13
    Description: Volcanoes hold a fascination for human beings and, before they were recorded by literate observers, eruptions were portrayed in art, were recalled in legend and became incorporated into religious practices: being viewed as agents of punishment, bounty or intimidation depending upon their state of activity and the culture involved. In the Middle East the earliest record dates from the third millennium BCE and knowledge of volcanoes increased progressively over time. In the first century CE written records noted nine volcanoes in the Mediterranean region plus Mount Cameroon in West Africa, yet by 1380 AD the record only totalled 48, with volcanoes in Japan, Indonesia and Iceland being added. After this the list of continued to increase, but important regions such as New Zealand and Hawaii were only added during the last 200 years. Only from 1900 did the rate of growth decline significantly, but it is sobering to recall that in the twentieth century major eruptions have occurred from volcanoes that were considered inactive or extinct, examples including: Mount Lamington—Papua New Guinea, 1951; Mount Arenal—Costa Rica, 1968 and Nyos—Cameroon, 1986. Although there were instances where the human impact of historical eruptions were studied in detail, with examples including the 1883 eruption of Krakatau and 1943–1952 eruption of Parícutin, these were exceptions and before 1980 there was a significant knowledge gap about both the short and long-term effects of major eruptions on societies. Following a global review, this chapter provides a discussion of the ways in which information has been collected, compiled and disseminated from the earliest times until the 1980s in two case study areas: the Azores Islands (Portugal) and southern Italy. In Italy information on eruptions stretches back to prehistoric times and has become progressively better known over more than 2,000 years, yet even here there remain significant gaps in the record even for events that took place between 1900 and 1990. In contrast, located in the middle of the Atlantic, the Azores have been isolated for much of their history and illustrate the difficulties involved in using indigenous sources to compile, not only assessments of impact, but also at a more basic level a complete list of historical events with accurate dates.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-25
    Description: 1V. Storia eruttiva
    Description: N/A or not JCR
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    The European experience of educational seismology (2015)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-11-25
    Description: This chapter provides an overview of last two decades, European experiences in educational seismology and describes the different contexts in which they have been developed. The basic idea of these educational projects is that Seismology may represent an efficient communication vehicle for teaching a wide range of basic Earth sci-ence topics through laboratory practices and educational activities. Moreover it is also an effective tool to raise in the young citizens the awareness on the earthquake risk and possible mitigation actions. In this frame several seismic stations with different technologies were installed in schools across Europe. The scientific support of re-searchers and the need to establish strong links between teachers and researchers attribute to the school an active role in the knowledge process using the scientific laboratory practice by adopting the “learning by doing” modern approach of science communication (R. Schank and C. Cleary, 1995, Engines for Education, Ed. Routledge, 248 pp). Some educational activities correlated with seismological projects are presented, following different strategies depending on the country, but all aimed at building a new way to communicate science in the schools. The new vogue is the opening toward social networks and blogs. This generalizes the concept of an educational Geoscience website making it an e-platform for science communication and multimedia data sharing, where researchers, teachers, students and education op-erators can interact and constantly be kept informed of ongoing activities and relevant events. All of these 'seismology at school' initiatives rely on the concept of school networking and will merge in the European project NERA (Network of European Research Infrastructures for Earthquake Risk Assessment and Mitigation, http://www.nera-eu.org/) where a spe-cific workpackage is dedicated to networking school seismology programs.
    Description: Published
    Description: 145-170
    Description: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: educational seismology ; educational projects ; learning by doing ; science communication ; school seismology ; 05. General::05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues::05.03.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 80
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    Neotectonics and long-term seismicity in Europe and the Mediterranean region (2015)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-04
    Description: We present a neotectonic model of ongoing lithosphere deformation and a corresponding estimate of long-term shallow seismicity across the Africa-Eurasia plate boundary, including the eastern Atlantic, Mediterranean region, and continental Europe. GPS and stress data are absent or inadequate for the part of the study area covered by water. Thus, we opt for a dynamic model based on the stress-equilibrium equation; this approach allows us to estimate the long-term behavior of the lithosphere (given certain assumptions about its structure and physics) for both land and sea areas. We first update the existing plate model by adding five quasi-rigid plates (the Ionian Sea, Adria, Northern Greece, Central Greece, and Marmara) to constrain the deformation pattern of the study area. We use the most recent datasets to estimate the lithospheric structure. The models are evaluated in comparison with updated datasets of geodetic velocities and the most compressive horizontal principal stress azimuths. We find that the side and basal strengths drive the present-day motion of the Adria and Aegean Sea plates, whereas lithostatic pressure plays a key role in driving Anatolia. These findings provide new insights into the neotectonics of the greater Mediterranean region. Finally, the preferred model is used to estimate long-term shallow seismicity, which we retrospectively test against historical seismicity. As an alternative to reliance on incomplete geologic data or historical seismic catalogs, these neotectonic models help to forecast long-term seismicity, although requiring additional tuning before seismicity rates are used for seismic hazard purposes.
    Description: Published
    Description: 5311–5342
    Description: 1T. Geodinamica e interno della Terra
    Description: 2T. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Tectonics ; Earthquake rates ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.03. Heat flow ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.06. Rheology, friction, and structure of fault zones ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.01. Earthquake faults: properties and evolution ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.02. Earthquake interactions and probability ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.01. Continents ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.04. Plate boundaries, motion, and tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 81
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    Gas emission strength and evolution of the molar ratio of BrO/SO2 in the plume of Nyiragongo in comparison to Etna (2016)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: Airborne and ground-based differential optical absorption spectroscopy observations have been carried out at the volcano Nyiragongo (Democratic Republic of Congo) tomeasure SO2 and bromine monoxide (BrO) in the plume inMarch 2004 and June 2007, respectively. Additionally filter pack andmulticomponent gas analyzer system (Multi-GAS)measurements were carried out in June 2007. Ourmeasurements provide valuable information on the chemical composition of the volcanic plume emitted fromthe lava lake of Nyiragongo. The main interest of this study has been to investigate for the first time the bromine emission flux of Nyiragongo (a rift volcano) and the BrO formation in its volcanic plume. Measurement data and results from a numerical model of the evolution of BrO in Nyiragongo volcanic plume are compared with earlier studies of the volcanic plume of Etna (Italy). Even though the bromine flux from Nyiragongo (2.6 t/d) is slightly greater than that from Etna (1.9 t/d), the BrO/SO2 ratio (maximum 7 × 10 5) is smaller than in the plume of Etna (maximum 2.1 × 10 4). A one-dimensional photochemical model to investigate halogen chemistry in the volcanic plumes of Etna and Nyiragongo was initialized using data from Multi-GAS and filter pack measurements. Model runs showed that the differences in the composition of volcanic volatiles led to a smaller fraction of total bromine being present as BrO in the Nyiragongo plume and to a smaller BrO/SO2 ratio.
    Description: Published
    Description: 277-291
    Description: 4V. Vulcani e ambiente
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Intraplate volcano Nyiragongo is bromine rich although chlorine poor ; BrO/Br in volcanic plumes depends on initial plume composition ; Determination of Nyiragongo chlorine, bromine, sulfur emission strength ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases
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  • 82
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    Rotational motions from the 2016, Central Italy seismic sequence, as observed by an underground ring laser gyroscope (2019)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-21
    Description: We present the analysis of rotational and translational ground motions from earthquakes recorded during October–November 2016, in association with the Central Italy seismic sequence. We use co-located measurements of the vertical ground rotation rate from a large ring laser gyroscope and the three components of ground velocity from a broad-band seismometer. Both instruments are positioned in a deep underground environment, within the Gran Sasso National Laboratories of the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare. We collected dozens of events spanning the 3.5–5.9 magnitude range and epicentral distances between 30 and 70 km. This data set constitutes an unprecedented observation of the vertical rotational motions associated with an intense seismic sequence at local distance. Under the plane-wave approximation we process the data set in order to get an experimental estimation of the events backazimuth. Peak values of rotation rate (PRR) and horizontal acceleration (PGA) are markedly correlated, according to a scaling constant which is consistent with previous measurements from different earthquake sequences. We used a prediction model in use for Italy to calculate the expected PGA at the recording site, obtaining consequently predictions for PRR. Within the modelling uncertainties, predicted rotations are consistent with the observed ones, suggesting the possibility of establishing specific attenuation models for ground rotations, like the scaling of peak velocity and peak acceleration in empirical ground-motion prediction relationships. In a second step, after identifying the direction of the incoming wavefield, we extract phase-velocity data using the spectral ratio of the translational and rotational components. This analysis is performed over time windows associated with the P-coda, S-coda and Lg phase. Results are consistent with independent estimates of shear wave velocities in the shallow crust of the Central Apennines
    Description: Published
    Description: 705-715
    Description: 4T. Sismicità dell'Italia
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Rotational seismology ; Surface waves and free oscillations ; Wave propagation
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 83
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    Experimental study of the interplay between magmatic rift intrusion and flank instability with application to the 2001 Mount Etna eruption (2015)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-13
    Description: Mount Etna volcano is subject to transient magmatic intrusions and flank movement. The east flank of the edifice, in particular, is moving eastward and is dissected by the Timpe Fault System. The relationship of this eastward motion with intrusions and tectonic fault motion, however, remains poorly constrained. Here we explore this relationship by using analogue experiments that are designed to simulate magmatic rift intrusion, flank movement, and fault activity before, during, and after a magmatic intrusion episode. Using particle image velocimetry allows for a precise temporal and spatial analysis of the development and activity of fault systems. The results show that the occurrence of rift intrusion episodes has a direct effect on fault activity. In such a situation, fault activitymay occur or may be hindered, depending on the interplay of fault displacement and flank acceleration in response to dike intrusion. Our results demonstrate that a complex interplaymay exist between an active tectonic fault system and magmatically induced flank instability. Episodes of magmatic intrusion change the intensity pattern of horizontal flank displacements andmay hinder or activate associated faults. We further compare our results with the GPS data of the Mount Etna 2001 eruption and intrusion. We find that syneruptive displacement rates at the Timpe Fault System have differed from the preeruptive or posteruptive periods, which shows a good agreement of both the experimental and the GPS data. Therefore, understanding the flank instability and flank stability at Mount Etna requires consideration of both tectonic and magmatic forcing.
    Description: Published
    Description: 5356-5368
    Description: 1V. Storia e struttura dei sistemi vulcanici
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: analogue models ; strain ; stress ; eruption ; flank dynamics ; GPS ; faults ; Etna ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.08. Theory and Models
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 84
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    The stress field beneath a quiescent stratovolcano: The case of Mount Vesuvius (2015)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-12-15
    Description: We have analyzed a focal mechanism data set for Mount Vesuvius, consisting of 197 focal mechanisms of events recorded from 1999 to 2012. Using different approaches and a comparison between observations and numerical models, we have determined the spatial variations in the stress field beneath the volcano. The main results highlight the presence of two seismogenic volumes characterized by markedly different stress patterns. The two volumes are separated by a layer where the seismic strain release shows a significant decrease. Previous studies postulated the existence, at about the same depth, of a ductile layer allowing the spreading of the Mount Vesuvius edifice. We interpreted the difference in the stress pattern within the two volumes as the effect of a mechanical decoupling caused by the aforementioned ductile layer. The stress pattern in the top volume is dominated by a reverse faulting style, which agrees with the hypothesis of a seismicity driven by the spreading process. This agrees also with the persistent character of the seismicity located within this volume. Conversely, the stress field determined for the deep volume is consistent with a background regional field locally perturbed by the effects of the topography and of heterogeneities in the volcanic structure. Since the seismicity of the deep volume shows an intermittent behavior and has shown to be linked to geochemical variations in the fumaroles of the volcano, we hypothesize that it results from the effect of fluid injection episodes, possibly of magmatic origin, perturbing the pore pressure within the hydrothermal system.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1181–1199
    Description: 4T. Fisica dei terremoti e scenari cosismici
    Description: 2V. Dinamiche di unrest e scenari pre-eruttivi
    Description: 5V. Sorveglianza vulcanica ed emergenze
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: vesuvius ; stress inversion ; focal mechanisms ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
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  • 85
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    Seismic hydraulic fracture migration originated by successive deep magma pulses: The 2011–2013 seismic series associated to the volcanic activity of El Hierro Island (2016)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-12-15
    Description: In thismanuscript we present a new interpretation of the seismic series that accompanied eruptive activity off the coast of El Hierro, Canary Islands, during 2011–2013. We estimated temporal variations of the Gutenberg-Richter b value throughout the period of analysis, and performed high-precision relocations of the preeruptive and syneruptive seismicity using a realistic 3-D velocity model. Our results suggest that eruptive activity and the accompanying seismicity were caused by repeated injections of magma from the mantle into the lower crust. These magma pulses occurred within a small and well-defined volume resulting in the emplacement of fresh magma along the crust-mantle boundary underneath El Hierro. We analyzed the distribution of earthquake hypocenters in time and space in order to assess seismic diffusivity in the lower crust. Our results suggest that very high earthquake rates underneath El Hierro represent the response of a stable lower crust to stress perturbations with pulsatory character, linked to the injection of magma from the mantle. Magma input from depth caused large stress perturbations to propagate into the lower crust generating energetic seismic swarms. The absence of any preferential alignment in the spatial pattern of seismicity reinforces our hypothesis that stress perturbation and related seismicity, had diffusive character. We conclude that the temporal and spatial evolution of seismicity was neither tracking the path of magma migration nor it defines the boundaries of magma storage volumes such as a midcrustal sill. Our conceptual model considers pulsatorymagma injection fromthe uppermantle and its propagation along the Moho.We suggest, within this framework, that the spatial and temporal distributions of earthquake hypocenters reflect hydraulic fracturing processes associated with stress propagation due to magma movement.
    Description: Published
    Description: 7749–7770
    Description: 1T. Geodinamica e interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: b value, relocation, Hydraulic fracturing, Magma influx ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 86
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    Applying the Disruption Index Procedure to Evaluate the Urban Seismic Risk in the Mt. Etna Area (Italy) (2015)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-12-23
    Description: The Disruption Index is used here for the assessment of urban disruption in the Mt. Etna area after a natural disaster. The first element of the procedure is the definition of the seismic input, which is based on information about the historical seismicity and seismogenic faults. The second element is the computation of the seismic impact on the building stock and infrastructure in the region considered. Information on urban-scale vulnerability was collected and a geographic information system was used to organize the data relating to buildings and network systems (e.g., typologies, schools, strategic structures, lifelines). The central idea underlying the definition of the Disruption Index is the identification and evaluation of the impacts on a target community, considering the physical elements that contribute most to the severe disruption. The results of this study are therefore very useful for earthquake preparedness planning and for the development of strategies to minimize the risks from earthquakes. This study is a product of the European “Urban Disaster Prevention Strategies using Macroseismic Fields and Fault Sources” project (UPStrat-MAFA European project 2013).
    Description: Published
    Description: Torino
    Description: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio
    Description: open
    Keywords: Seismic impact ; Disruption index ; Urban system ; Risk measures ; Mt. Etna area (Italy) ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.11. Seismic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 87
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    Are there new findings in the search for ULF magnetic precursors to earthquakes? (2016)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-02-10
    Description: Moore (1964) in a letter published in Nature reported disturbances in geomagnetic field data prior to the 27 March 1964 Alaska earthquake. After the publication of this report, many papers have shown magnetic changes preceding earthquakes. However, a causal relationship between preearthquake magnetic changes and impending earthquakes has never been demonstrated. As a consequence, after 50 years, magnetic disturbances in the geomagnetic field are still candidate precursory phenomena. Some researchers consider the investigation of ultra low frequency (ULF: 0.001–10 Hz) magnetic data the correct approach for identifying precursory signatures of earthquakes. Other researchers, instead, have recently reviewed many published ULF magnetic changes that preceded earthquakes and have shown that these are not actual precursors. The recent studies by Currie and Waters (2014) and Han et al. (2014) aim to provide relevant new findings in the search for ULF magnetic precursory signals. However, in order to contribute to science, alleged precursors must be shown to be valid and reproducible by objective testing. Here we will briefly discuss the state of the art in the search for ULF magnetic precursors, paying special attention to the recent findings of Currie and Waters (2014) and Han et al. (2014). We do not see in these two reports significant evidence that may support the observation of precursory signatures of earthquakes in ULF magnetic records.
    Description: Published
    Description: 10289–10304
    Description: 1A. Geomagnetismo e Paleomagnetismo
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Geomagnetic field ; Magnetic anomalies ; Earthquake precursors ; 01. Atmosphere::01.03. Magnetosphere::01.03.03. Magnetospheric physics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.04. Magnetic anomalies
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  • 88
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    How a complex basaltic volcanic system works: constraints from integrating seismic, geodetic and petrological data at Mt. Etna volcano during the July-August 2014 eruption (2017)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-04-07
    Description: Integrating geodetic, seismic, and petrological data for a recent eruptive episode at Mount Etna has enabled us to define the history of magma storage and transfer within the multilevel structure of the volcano, providing spatial and temporal constraints for magma movements before the eruption. Geodetic data related to the July–August 2014 activity provide evidence of a magma reservoir at ~4 km below sea level. This reservoir pressurized from late March 2014 and fed magmas that were then erupted from vents on the lower eastern flank of North-East Crater (NEC) and at New South-East Crater (NSEC) summit crater during the July eruptive activity. Magma drainage caused its depressurization since mid-July. Textural and microanalytical data obtained from plagioclase crystals indicate similar disequilibrium textures and compositions at the cores in lavas erupted at the base of NEC and NSEC, suggesting comparable deep histories of evolution and ascent. Conversely, the compositional differences observed at the crystal rims have been associated to distinct degassing styles during storage in a shallow magma reservoir. Seismic data have constrained depth for a shallow part of the plumbing system at 1–2 km above sea level. Timescales of magma storage and transfer have also been calculated through diffusion modeling of zoning in olivine crystals of the two systems. Our data reveal a common deep history of magmas from the two systems, which is consistent with a recharging phase by more mafic magma between late March and early June 2014. Later, the magma continued its crystallization under distinct chemical and physical conditions at shallower levels.
    Description: The petrological part of this study was supported by the FIR 2014 research grant to Marco Viccaro from the University of Catania (Italy), grant number 2F119B, title of the project “Dynamics of evolution, ascent and emplacement of basic magmas: case-studies from eruptive manifestations of Eastern Sicily”.
    Description: Published
    Description: 5659–5678
    Description: 2V. Dinamiche di unrest e scenari pre-eruttivi
    Description: 3V. Dinamiche e scenari eruttivi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Petrology ; eruption ; GPS ; volcano seismology ; Etna ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.07. Satellite geodesy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.07. Rock geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
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  • 89
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    Discrimination between induced, triggered and natural earthquakes close to hydrocarbon reservoirs: A probabilistic approach based on the modeling of depletion-induced stress changes and seismological source parameters. (2015)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-16
    Description: Earthquakes occurring close to hydrocarbon fields under production are often under critical view of being induced or triggered. However, clear and testable rules to discriminate the different events have rarely been developed and tested. The unresolved scientific problem may lead to lengthy public disputes with unpredictable impact on the local acceptance of the exploitation and field operations. We propose a quantitative approach to discriminate induced, triggered and natural earthquakes, which is based on testable input parameters. Maxima of occurrence probabilities are compared for the cases under question, and a single probability of being triggered or induced is reported. The uncertainties of earthquake location and other input parameters are considered in terms of the integration over probability density functions (pdf). The probability that events have been human-triggered/induced is derived from the modeling of Coulomb stress changes and a rate and state dependent seismicity model. In our case a 3D boundary element method has been adapted for the nuclei of strain approach to estimate the stress changes outside the reservoir, which are related to pore pressure changes in the field formation. The predicted rate of natural earthquakes is either derived from the background seismicity or, in case of rare events, from an estimate of the tectonic stress rate. Instrumentally derived, seismological information on the event location, source mechanism and the size of the rupture plane is of advantage for the method. If the rupture plane has been estimated, the discrimination between induced or only triggered events is theoretically possible if probability functions are convolved with a rupture fault filter. We apply the approach to three recent main-shock events: (1) the Mw 4.3 Ekofisk 2001, North Sea earthquake close to the Ekofisk oil field, the 2004 Mw 4.4 Rotenburg, Northern Germany earthquake in the vicinity of the Söhlingen gas field, and the Mw 6.1 Emilia 2012, Northern Italy earthquake in the vicinity of a hydrocarbon reservoir. The three test cases cover the complete range of possible causes: clearly “human-induced”, “not even human-triggered” and a third case in-between both extremes.
    Description: Published
    Description: 2491–2509
    Description: 6T. Sismicità indotta e caratterizzazione sismica dei sistemi naturali
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Induced seismicity ; probabilistic discrimination ; hydrocarbon field ; triggered earthquake ; seismic hazard ; earthquake ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.02. Earthquake interactions and probability
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  • 90
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    Gas emissions from five volcanoes in northern Chile and implications for the volatiles budget of the Central Volcanic Zone (2015)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-16
    Description: This study performed the first assessment of the volcanic gas output from the Central Volcanic Zone (CVZ) of northern Chile. We present the fluxes and compositions of volcanic gases (H2O, CO2, H2, HCl, HF, and HBr) from five of the most actively degassing volcanoes in this region—Láscar, Lastarria, Putana, Ollagüe, and San Pedro—obtained during field campaigns in 2012 and 2013. The inferred gas plume compositions for Láscar and Lastarria (CO2/Stot = 0.9–2.2; Stot/HCl = 1.4–3.4) are similar to those obtained in the Southern Volcanic Zone of Chile, suggesting uniform magmatic gas fingerprint throughout the Chilean arc. Combining these compositions with our own UV spectroscopy measurements of the SO2 output (summing to ~1800 t d 1 for the CVZ), we calculate a cumulative CO2 output of 1743–1988 t d 1 and a total volatiles output of 〉20,200 t d 1. 1.
    Description: Published
    Description: 4961-4969
    Description: 5V. Sorveglianza vulcanica ed emergenze
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Gas output from the Central Volcanic Zone ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases
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  • 91
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    Mercury Degassing on Africa-Adriatic Tectonic Plate Margin (2015)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: Beside anthropogenic influences, mercury in the environment can also be of natural origin. Among geologic sources, volcanic activity has been of main interest so far. Modern estimations of global natural emissions are between 2000 and 5200 tonnes per year. However, these estimates are very uncertain, thus more detailed and systematic research on natural sources of mercury is necessary. Tectonic activity is connected to certain phenomena such as degassing of Hg and other gases from active faults, geothermal activity, volcanoes, etc., especially on tectonic plate margins. Elemental mercury concentrations in air, soil gases and fluxes, as well as its speciation, in connection to tectonic activity, were studied in different environments such are karst cave (Postojna Cave), active volcano areas (Mt. Etna, Italy), and active tectonic areas in the Mediterranean Basin on Africa-Adriatic tectonic plate margin. Postojna Cave is characterized by elevated Hg (up to 150 ng m-3) air concentrations at certain areas in vicinity of active faults; however the concentrations showed also strong seasonal variations. Mt. Etna on Sicily is the largest and most active Mediterranean volcano. Concentrations of mercury in air in the vicinity of the volcano are relatively high (between 4 and 30 ng m-3) and rise towards the summit crater (65 to 130 ng m-3). Concentrations in sulphatare and fumaroles gases on the summit of the volcano can reach very high values (even up to 60 μg m-3). The Mediterranean Basin is characterized by strong tectonic activity as a consequence of subduction of African plate under the Eurasian plate. A possible source of DGM (dissolved gaseous mercury in sea water) in deeper and bottom waters could be intensive tectonic activity of the seafloor, since higher concentrations and portions of DGM were found near the bottom at locations with strong tectonic activity (Alboran Sea, Strait of Sicily, Tyrrhenian Sea, Ionian Sea). Distribution of different mercury species in sediment and water of the Mediterranean Sea showed that the main source of mercury is geotectonic activity and its accompanying phenomena.
    Description: Published
    Description: San Francisco
    Description: 6A. Monitoraggio ambientale, sicurezza e territorio
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Mercury ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry
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  • 92
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    The protracted development of focused magmatic intrusion during continental rifting (2015)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: The transition from mechanical thinning toward focused magmatic intrusion during continental rifting is poorly constrained; the tectonically active Main Ethiopian Rift (MER) provides an ideal study locale to address this issue. The presence of linear magmatic-tectonic belts in the relatively immature central MER may indicate that the transition from mechanical to magmatic rifting is more spatially distributed and temporally protracted than has previously been assumed. Here we examine lava geochemistry and vent distribution of a Pliocene-Quaternary linear magmatic chain along the western margin of the central MER—the Akaki Magmatic Zone. Our results show limited variability in parental magma that evolve in a complex polybaric fractionation system that has not changed significantly over the past 3 Ma. Our results suggest the following: (1) channeling of plume material and the localization of shear- or topography-induced porosity modulates melt intrusion into the continental lithosphere. (2) Pre-existing lithospheric structures may act as catalysts for intrusion of magmas into the lithospheric mantle. (3) The midcrustal to upper crustal strain regime dictates the surface orientation of volcanic vents. Therefore, although linear magmatic belts like those in the central MER may young progressively toward the rift axis and superficially resemble oceanic style magmatism, they actually represent prebreakup magmatism on continental crust. The oldest linear magmatic belts observed seismically and magnetically at the edge of the ocean basins thus may not, as is often assumed, actually mark the onset of seafloor spreading.
    Description: Published
    Description: 875–897
    Description: 1T. Geodinamica e interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Precambrian lineaments control off-axis melt • Magmatic extension in Ethiopian rift is not ocean like • Magmatic belts at basins margins may not be seafloor spreading ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics
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  • 93
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    Towards multi-resolution global climate modeling with ECHAM6–FESOM. Part I: model formulation and mean climate (2015)
    Springer
    In:  EPIC3Climate Dynamics, Springer, 44(3), pp. 757-780, ISSN: 0930-7575
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-01-27
    Description: A new climate model has been developed that employs a multi-resolution dynamical core for the sea ice-ocean component. In principle, the multi-resolution approach allows one to use enhanced horizontal resolution in dynamically active regions while keeping a coarse-resolution setup otherwise. The coupled model consists of the atmospheric model ECHAM6 and the finite element sea ice-ocean model (FESOM). In this study only moderate refinement of the unstructured ocean grid is applied and the resolution varies from about 25 km in the northern North Atlantic and in the tropics to about 150 km in parts of the open ocean; the results serve as a benchmark upon which future versions that exploit the potential of variable resolution can be built. Details of the formulation of the model are given and its performance in simulating observed aspects of the mean climate is described. Overall, it is found that ECHAM6–FESOM realistically simulates many aspects of the observed climate. More specifically it is found that ECHAM6–FESOM performs at least as well as some of the most sophisticated climate models participating in the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project. ECHAM6–FESOM shares substantial shortcomings with other climate models when it comes to simulating the North Atlantic circulation.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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    GLODAPv2.2019 – an update of GLODAPv2 (2019)
    Copernicus
    In:  EPIC3Earth System Science Data Discussions https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2019-66, Copernicus, pp. 1-39
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-05-02
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , notRev
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    Sub-seasonal thaw slump mass wasting is not consistently energy limited at the landscape scale (2017)
    Copernicus
    In:  EPIC3The Cryosphere Discussions, Copernicus, 2017, pp. 1-24
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-08-30
    Description: Predicting future thaw slump activity requires a sound understanding of the atmospheric drivers and geomorphic controls on mass wasting across a range of time scales. On sub-seasonal time scales, sparse measurements indicate that mass wasting at active slumps is often limited by the energy available for melting ground ice, but other factors such as rainfall or the formation of an insulating veneer may also be relevant. To study the sub-seasonal drivers, we derive topographic changes from single-pass radar interferometric data acquired by the TanDEM-X satellite (12 m resolution). The high vertical precision (around 30 cm), frequent observations (11 days) and large coverage (5000 km2) allow us to track volume losses as drivers such as the available energy change during summer in two study regions. We find that thaw slumps in the Tuktoyaktuk coastlands, Canada, are not energy limited in June, as they undergo limited mass wasting (height loss of around 0 cm/day) despite the ample available energy, indicating the widespread presence of an insulating snow or debris veneer. Later in summer, height losses generally increase (around 3 cm/day), but they do so in distinct ways. For many slumps, mass wasting tracks the available energy, a temporal pattern that is also observed at coastal yedoma cliffs on the Bykovsky Peninsula, Russia. However, the other two common temporal trajectories are asynchronous with the available energy, as they track strong precipitation events or show a sudden speed-up in late August, respectively. The observed temporal patterns are poorly related to slump characteristics like the slump area. The contrasting temporal behaviour of nearby thaw slumps highlights the importance of complex local and temporally varying controls on mass wasting.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Zambezi continental margin: compartmentalized sediment transfer routes to the abyssal Mozambique Channel (2017)
    Springer
    In:  EPIC3Marin Geophysical Research, Springer, 38(3), pp. 227-240
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-09-10
    Description: Sediment delivery to the abyssal regions of the oceans is an integral process in the source to sink cycle of material derived from adjacent continents and islands. The Zambezi River, the largest in southern Africa, delivers vast amounts of material to the inner continental shelf of central Mozambique. The aim of this contribution is to better constrain sediment transport pathways to the abyssal plains using the latest, regional, high-resolution multibeam bathymetry data available, taking into account the effects of bottom water circulation, antecedent basin morphology and sea-level change. Results show that sediment transport and delivery to the abyssal plains is partitioned into three distinct domains; southern, central and northern. Sediment partitioning is primarily controlled by changes in continental shelf and shelf-break morphology under the influence of a clockwise rotating shelf circulation system. However, changes in sealevel have an overarching control on sediment delivery to particular domains. During highstand conditions, such as today, limited sediment delivery to the submarine Zambezi Valley and Channel is proposed, with increased sediment delivery to the deepwater basin being envisaged during regression and lowstand conditions. However, there is a pronounced along-strike variation in sediment transport during the sea-level cycle due to changes in the width, depth and orientation of the shelf. This combination of features outlines a sequence stratigraphic concept not generally considered in the strike-aligned shelf-slope-abyssal continuum.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Oxygenated volatile organic carbon in the western Pacific convective centre: ocean cycling, air–sea gas exchange and atmospheric transport. (2017)
    Copernicus
    In:  EPIC3Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., Copernicus, acp-20, ISSN: 1680-7375
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-11-06
    Description: A suite of oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs – acetaldehyde, acetone, propanal, butanal and butanone) were measured concurrently in the surface water and atmosphere of the South China Sea and Sulu Sea in November 2011. A strong correlation was observed between all OVOC concentrations in the surface seawater along the entire cruise track, except for acetaldehyde, suggesting similar sources and sinks in the surface ocean. Additionally, several phytoplankton groups, such as haptophytes or pelagophytes, were also correlated to all OVOCs indicating that phytoplankton may be an important source for marine OVOCs in the South China and Sulu Seas. Humic and protein like fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) components seemed to be additional precursors for butanone and acetaldehyde. The atmospheric OVOC mixing ratios were relative high compared with literature values, suggesting the coastal region of North Borneo as a local hot spot for atmospheric OVOCs. The flux of atmospheric OVOCs was largely into the ocean for all 5 gases, with a few important exceptions near the coast of Borneo. The calculated amount of OVOCs entrained into the ocean seemed to be an important source of OVOCs to the surface ocean. When the fluxes were out of the ocean, marine OVOCs were found to be enough to control the local measured OVOC distribution in the atmosphere. Based on our model calculations, at least 0.4 ppb of marine derived acetone and butanone can reach the upper troposphere, where they may have an important influence on hydrogen oxide radical formation over the western Pacific Ocean.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Animal Forests in the Chilean Fjords: Discoveries, Perspectives and Threats in Shallow and Deep Waters (2016)
    Springer
    In:  EPIC3Marine Animal Forests, Marine Animal Forests, Switzerland, Springer, 35 p., ISBN: 978-3-319-17001-5
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-09-26
    Description: The Chilean fjord region, situated between 42 and 56 °S, forms one of the most ragged shorelines and belongs to the ecologically and biogeographically least understood marine regions of the world. A labyrinth of fjords, channels, and islands extends over 240,000 km2 and creates a coastline of more than 80,000 km. Due to strong abiotic gradients, numerous habitats are created, which are further diversified by temporal dynamics (tidal cycle, seasonal changes in precipitation, temperature, radiation, etc.). The region is a biodiversity hotspot hosting unique and fragile ecosystems. Among the species living here, several are species forming habitats in the ecosystem. These organisms can reach high densities conforming the so-called marine animal forests. Examples are marine animal forests dominated by cold-water stony corals, gorgonians, hydrocorals, brachiopods, polychaetes, giant barnacles, sponges, and ascidians. Many of these communities have been discov- ered only recently. There is also a singular characteristic in this area: exceptionally low pH levels of the waters of Patagonian fjords provide the opportunity to study calcifying organisms in an environment with pH conditions in the same range as the ones predicted by the IPCC for the world oceans in 2100. Despite the scarce ecological and biogeographical knowledge of this area, it encounters an unparalleled economic development including high-impact industry-scale salmonid farming, ambitious infrastructure and industrialization projects, and increasing extractive activities. Baseline research on the abiotic and biotic environment of the region is needed to reach sustainability in the use of the marine resources. Management plans including the establishment of marine protected areas to preserve benthic diversity and ecosystem services are urgently needed.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    The Extrapolar SWIFT model (version 1.0): fast stratospheric ozone chemistry for global climate models (2017)
    Copernicus
    In:  EPIC3Geoscientific Model Development, Copernicus, 11, pp. 753-769
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-03-28
    Description: The Extrapolar SWIFT model is a fast ozone chemistry scheme for interactive calculation of the extrapolar stratospheric ozone layer in coupled general circulation models (GCMs). In contrast to the widely used prescribed ozone, the SWIFT ozone layer interacts with the model dynamics and can respond to atmospheric variability or climatological trends. The Extrapolar SWIFT model employs a repro-modelling approach, where algebraic functions are used to approximate the numerical output of a full stratospheric chemistry and transport model (ATLAS). The full model solves a coupled chemical differential equations system with 55 initial and boundary conditions (mixing ratio of various chemical species and atmospheric parameters). Hence the rate of change of ozone over 24  h is a function of 55 variables. Using covariances between these variables, we can find linear combinations in order to reduce the parameter space to the following nine basic variables: latitude, pressure altitude, temperature, local ozone column, mixing ratio of ozone and of the ozone depleting families (Cly, Bry, NOy and HOy). We will show that these 9 variables are sufficient to characterize the rate of change of ozone. An automated procedure fits a polynomial function of fourth degree to the rate of change of ozone obtained from several simulations with the ATLAS model. One polynomial function is determined per month which yields the rate of change of ozone over 24 h. A key aspect for the robustness of the Extrapolar SWIFT model is to include a wide range of stratospheric variability in the numerical output of the ATLAS model, also covering atmospheric states that will occur in a future climate (e.g. temperature and meridional circulation changes or reduction of stratospheric chlorine loading). For validation purposes, the Extrapolar SWIFT model has been integrated into the ATLAS model replacing the full stratospheric chemistry scheme. Simulations with SWIFT in ATLAS have proven that the systematic error is small and does not accumulate during the course of a simulation. In the context of a 10 year simulation, the ozone layer, simulated by SWIFT, shows a stable annual cycle, with inter-annual variations comparable to the ATLAS model. The application of Extrapolar SWIFT requires the evaluation of polynomial functions with 30–100 terms. Nowadays, computers can calculate such polynomial functions at thousands of model grid points in seconds. SWIFT provides the desired numerical efficiency and computes the ozone layer 104 times faster than the chemistry scheme in the ATLAS CTM.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Methane and nitrous oxide distributions across the North American Arctic Ocean during summer 2015 (2017)
    American Geophysical Union
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Geophysical research: Ocean, American Geophysical Union, 122, pp. 1-18
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-11-12
    Description: We collected Arctic Ocean water column samples for methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) analysis on three separate cruises in the summer and fall of 2015, covering a ~10,000 km transect from the Bering Sea to Baffin Bay. This provided a three-dimensional view of CH4 and N2O distributions across contrasting hydrographic environments, from the oligotrophic waters of the deep Canada Basin and Baffin Bay, to the productive shelves of the Bering and Chukchi Seas. Percent saturation relative to atmospheric equilibrium ranged from 30-800% for CH4 and 75-145% for N2O, with the highest concentrations of both gases occurring in the northern Chukchi Sea. Nitrogen cycling in the shelf sediments of the Bering and Chukchi Seas likely constituted the major source of N2O to the water column, and the resulting high N2O concentrations were transported across the Arctic Ocean in eastward-flowing water masses. Methane concentrations were more spatially heterogeneous, reflecting a variety of localized inputs, including likely sources from sedimentary methanogenesis and sea ice processes. Unlike N2O, CH4 was rapidly consumed through microbial oxidation in the water column, as shown by the 13C enrichment of CH4 with decreasing concentrations. For both CH4 and N2O, sea-air fluxes were close to neutral, indicating that our sampling region was neither a major source nor sink of these gases. Our results provide insight into the factors controlling the distribution of CH4 and N2O in the North American Arctic Ocean, and an important baseline data set against which future changes can be assessed.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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