ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Gas chromatography  (172)
  • temperature  (155)
  • Springer  (327)
  • American Chemical Society
  • Krefeld : Geologischer Dienst Nordhein-Westfalen
  • 2015-2019
  • 2005-2009  (1)
  • 1985-1989  (326)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Language
Years
Year
  • 1
    Keywords: Assessment ; Malaria ; Public Health ; Scale ; Weather ; climate change ; public health policy ; temperature
    Description / Table of Contents: Awareness that many key aspects of public health are strongly influenced by climate is growing dramatically, driven by new research and experience and fears of climate change and the research needed to underpin policy developments in area is growing rapidly . This awareness has yet to translate into a practical use of climate knowledge by health policy-makers. Evidence based policy and practice is the mantra of the health sector. If climate scientists are to contribute effectively to health policy at local and global scales then careful empirical studies must be undertaken – focused on the needs of the public health policy and decision-makers. Results presented at the Wengen conference make clear that the science and art of integrating climate knowledge into the control of climate sensitive diseases on a year to year time frame as well as careful assessments of the potential impacts of climate change on health outcomes over longer time frames is advancing rapidly on many fronts. This includes advances in the empirical understanding of mechanisms, methodologies for modeling future impacts, new partnership developments between the health and climate community along with access to relevant data resources, and education and training. In a rapidly evolving field this book provides a snapshot of these emerging themes.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 232 pages)
    ISBN: 9781402068775
    Language: English
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: European corn borer ; Ostrinia nubilalis ; maize ; water ; drought ; stress ; development ; models ; phytotron ; temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Des plants de maïs se développent dans un phytotron dans 4 conditions d'humidité du sol (de la saturation à la dessication) et à 3 températures constantes (20°, 25° & 30°C). Chaque pied est contaminé au moment de l'émission du pollen, par une ooplaque d'O. nubilalis Hübn. (ECB) de race européenne E. L'installation, la colonisation et le développement des chenilles sont notés lors de 12 périodes de prélèvements destructifs (4 par température). La vitesse de développement d'O. nubilalis est affectée par la température, main non par l'humidité du sol. Les 4 niveaux d'humidité du sol n'ont aucun effet sur la teneur en eau des tiges de maïs. En fait, les feuilles de maïs présentent une senescence précoce lorsqu'il y a déficit en eau dans le sol. La teneur en eau du sol agit sur l'installation, sur la distribution verticale, la dispersion et le lieu d'alimentation des chenilles; mais ces effets sont légers et ne modifient pas la vitesse de développement. L'environnement larvaire dans la tige de maïs est efficacement isolé des variations externes par l'aptitude de la plante à maintenir la teneur en eau des tiges relativement élevée et stable. Ainsi, des changements importants au niveau du sol n'ont pratiquement pas d'effets sur le développement d'O. nubilalis, malgré les conséquences brutales pour la plante. Cette étude montre que la vitesse de développement d'O. nubilalis est relativement insensible aux modifications de la teneur en eau du sol ainsi qu'aux effets de ce stress de sécheresse sévère sur le pied de maïs. La discussion porte sur l'importance de ces résultats pour la modélisation de la dynamique de l'insecte, la physiologie de la culture et les interactions entre insecte et plante.
    Notes: Abstract Maize plants were grown under four moisture regimes (wet to extreme deficit) and three constant temperatures (20°, 25° & 30°C) in a phytotron. Each plant was infested with one E-race European corn borer [Ostrinia nubilalis (Hubn.)] (ECB) egg mass at pollen shed. ECB development, location, and establishment were recorded over the course of 12 destructive sample dates (4/temperature). ECB developmental rates were not significantly affected by soil moisture treatments, but were significantly affected by temperature. In spite of successful establishment of four distinctly different soil moisture regimes, the maize stalk tissue water levels were not significantly different among soil water treatments. Instead, the maize plants exhibited accelerated leaf senescence in response to the water deficit conditions. Among the soil water treatments, differences were found in larval establishment, vertical distribution and dispersion, and feeding site selection; however, those effects were slight and could not explain the similarity in ECB developmental rates observed in these treatments. In maize, the larval environment within the stalk was effectively insulated from changes in the external environment by the plant's ability to maintain a relatively high and stable stalk tissue water content. Thus, large changes to the soil environment had essentially no effect on ECB development, though drastic consequences for the plant. This study indicates that ECB rates of development are relatively insensitive to changes in the soil water environment as well as the associated changes in the maize plant that accompany severe drought stress. The significance of these findings to insect modelling, crop physiology, and insect-crop interactions is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 2 (1989), S. 849-852 
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: alternative mating tactics ; temperature ; Stictia heros ; Sphecidae ; Costa Rica
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 45 (1989), S. 171-173 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Estrogen receptor ; homogenization ; temperature ; nucleus ; uterus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Homogenization of rat uterus at elevated temperatures results in an increased nuclear localization of unoccupied estrogen receptor. This is a nonlinear effect which is accounted for by an increased population of KCl-resistant nuclear binding sites at the elevated homogenization temperatures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 45 (1989), S. 349-351 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Spermatogenesis ; temperature ; brain ; hibernation ; Helix aspersa
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Ablation of the brain from hibernatingHelix aspersa maintained at 25°C causes a significant increase in the proliferation of male cells in the gonad, whereas the ablation of the optic tentacles has no effect. The brain, therefore, produces a factor which specifically inhibits the multiplication of spermatogonia and spermatocytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Coleoptera ; Cerambycidae ; Morimus funereus ; development ; laboratory conditions ; food quality ; temperature ; season
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'étude a porté sur les effets d'une température constante (23 °C), de la qualité de l'aliment,-B = aliment naturel, c'est-à-dire de l'écorce de chêne pulvérisée; B+C = aliment naturel enrichi avec de la poudre de biscuits sucrés-, et de la saison sur le développement larvaire de M. funereus L. La température de 23 °C a été défavorable aux larves récoltées en septembre dans des souches de chênes et élevées sur aliment B: les larves étaient mortes en 30 jours. Avec aliment B+C, l'effet défavorable a été neutralisé et le poids des larves augmenté de 543%, 897% et 1179% en 1, 2 et 3 mois. Des larves néonates d'été ou d'hiver se sont bien développées sur B+C, mais toutes les larves d'hiver étaient mortes sur B en 40 j. Des larves de mêmes parents, écloses à différentes époques de l'année, ont présenté des différences saisonnières du taux de survie et de la vitesse de développement lors de leur élevage à 23 °C sur B+C. Le développement le plus rapide et la meilleure survie ont été obtenus avec des larves écloses au début ou au milieu de l'été; tandis que le développement le plus lent et la plus mauvaise survie ont été obtenus avec les larves écloses à la fin de l'été. Les changements saisonniers synchrones des adultes et de leurs descendants, exprimés à différents niveaux d'organisation biologique, suggèrent l'existence d'un rythme annuel endogène qui dépend de l'expression de différents gènes au cours du cycle annuel.
    Notes: Abstract The effects of constant temperature (23 °C), food quality (B, natural diet i.e. powdered oak bark; B+C, natural diet enriched with powdered sweet crackers) and season on larval development of the cerambycid Morimus funereus L. were studied. The temperature of 23 °C exerted an unfavourable effect on larvae collected from oak stumps in September and bred on B; i.e. the larvae died within 30 days. When the larvae consumed B+C the unfavourable effect of temperature was abolished and the larvae increased their weight by 543%, 897% and 1179% in 1, 2 and 3 months, respectively. Newly hatched summerand winter-larvae developed successfully on B+C, while all the winter-larvae died within 40 days on B. Larvae of an identical parentage hatched in different phases of the annual cycle and showed seasonal differences in the rate of development and survival when reared on B+C at 23 °C. The fastest development and the highest survival rate were observed in larvae which emerged in early- and midsummer, whereas the slowest development and the lowest survival rate were in those hatched in late summer. The synchronized seasonal changes of adults and their offspring, as expressed at different levels of biological organization, suggest the existence of an endogenous annual rhythm which is dependent upon the expression of different genes in the course of the annual cycle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 52 (1989), S. 185-188 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Heteroptera ; Dolycoris baccarum ; S. Norwegian population ; adult hibernal diapause ; diapause completion ; diapause activation ; diapause induction ; diapause prevention ; photoperiod ; temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Developmental rates ; temperature ; parasitoid ; mealybug ; Hymenoptera ; Encyrtidae ; Epidinocarsis diversicornis ; Acerophagus coccois ; Homoptera ; Pseudococcidae ; Phenacoccus herreni ; cassava ; yucca
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les vitesses de développement des oeufs et de tous les stades larvaires mâles et femelles de P. herreni Cox & Williams ont été déterminées à 18°, 20°, 22°, 25°, 30° et 35°C. La longévité des adultes mâles et femelles a été déterminée. Les vitesses de développement de la ponte à la formation du cocon et de celleci à l'émergence de E. diversicornis Howard, encyrtide parasite de P. herreni ont été déterminées à 18°, 20°, 25° et 30°C. Il en a été de même pour un second encyrtide parasite A. coccois Smith à 20°, 25° et 30°C. Les équations polynomiales des derniers carrés dérivés et les équations logistiques ont été ajustées pour chaque lot de données (à l'exception de A. coccois) de façon à ce qu'elles aient pu être interpolées pour analyser l'impact de ces parasites sur la dynamique de population de P. herreni. Les résultats de cette analyse sont présentés à part.
    Notes: Abstract Developmental rates for Phenacoccus herreni Cox & Williams were determined at 18°, 20°, 22°, 25°, 30° and 35°C for the egg, all juvenile male and all juvenile female stadia. Longevity was determined for adult females and adult males. Developmental rates for the P. herreni parasitoid Epidinocarsis diversicornis (Howard) were determined at 18°, 20°, 25° and 30°C for the oviposition-to-mummy-formation period and the mummy-formation-to-adult-eclosion period. Developmental rates were determined for the P. herreni parasitoid Acerophagus coccois Smith for the same two life stages at 20°, 25° and 30°C. Least-squares-derived polynomial equations or logistic equations were fitted to each data set (except for A. coccois) so that rates could be interpolated for temperatures between observed points for use in an analysis of the impact of these parasitoids on population dynamics of P. herreni. Results of this analysis are presented separately.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 50 (1989), S. 185-193 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: temperature ; development ; simulation ; phenology ; budmoth ; Zeiraphera canadensis ; Tortricidae ; degree-days
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La diapause des oeufs de Zeiraphera canadensis Mutuura et Freeman (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) a été complétée après 15 semaines d'élevage à 0,5°C. A ce stade de leur développement, une température supérieure à 30°C leur est létale. Les relations entre la température et le développement des larves sur l'épinette blanche, Picea glauca (Moench) Voss, et des pupes ont été observées au laboratoire. Les temps de développement les plus courts ont été observés à 28°C. Les larves sont tolérantes à la chaleur et se développent à 32 C, une température qui est létale aux pupes. II y a peu de variabilité des taux de développement de tous les stades immatures. Ceci explique le haut degré de synchronie observé au sein de populations de cet insecte. Un modèle simulant la phénologie a été mis au point et calibré pour prédire la fréquence des divers stades du cycle vital sous des conditions de terrain. La processus de calibration a révélé que la température dans le microhabitat des oeufs est très semblable à celle de l'air, mais que les larves, retrouvées sous l'enveloppe des bourgeons, sont exposées à des températures pouvant excéder celle-ci de plusieurs degrés. Pour des fins de planification du synchronisme entre le développement de l'insecte et des programmes de suivi et de lutte, le nombre de degré-jours nécessaires pour atteindre 10% d'éclosion des oeufs ou 75% d'émergence des adultes ont été estimés à partir d'une température seuil de 4,4°C.
    Notes: Abstract Diapause requirements of eggs of Zeiraphera canadensis Mutuura and Freeman (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) are satisfied by 15 weeks of storage at 0.5°C. Temperatures above 30°C are lethal for this life stage. Temperature-dependent development of larvae fed on white spruce, Picea glauca (Moench) Voss, and of pupae was observed under laboratory conditions. The shortest development times were observed at 28°C. Larvae are tolerant to heat, and developed at 32°C, a lethal temperature for pupae. There was little variation of development rates in all stages of the life cycle, explaining the high degree of phenological synchrony reported in populations of this species. A phenological model was developed and calibrated to simulate the relative abundance of the various immature stages under field conditions. The calibration process suggested that temperature in the microhabitat of eggs may be very close to air temperature, but that temperatures under bud caps where larvae are feeding may rise several degrees above air temperature. For the purposes of planning the timing of survey and control practices, degree-day requirements for 10% egg hatch and 75% adult emergence were estimated based on a 4.4°C threshold temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biodegradation 7 (1989), S. 159-193 
    ISSN: 1572-9729
    Keywords: Brachiopod biogeochemistry ; diagenesis ; secular isotopic variations ; carbon isotopes ; oxygen isotopes ; Sr/Ca ; temperature ; Recent ; Late Paleozoic
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Sr/Ca ratios in modern brachiopod shells reflect variations in ambient seawater, whereas their Na contents show no relationship with water depth or habitat. Their Mn and Fe contents are controlled, in part, by leaching of these elements from oxide coatings or the low input/sedimentation rate of detrital material into depositional areas such as Quatsino Sound. For most Carboniferous brachiopods from North America, the Mn and Fe contents are similar to those recorded by their Recent counterparts. The high Mn and Fe contents in the brachiopods from shales suggest several possibilities for these levels. One possibility is the leaching of Mn and Fe from oxide coatings/matrix which was not completely removed in the cleaning process, or the high levels in part reflect unusual depositional conditions (some degree of anoxia) for the local shaly environments. The Sr/Ca ratio of brachiopods and, by inference, complementary seawater, did not vary significantly during the Carboniferous. The Sr/Ca minimum observed in brachiopods of Mississippian age coincides with a dip in the 87Sr/86Sr curve and correlates with the Hercynian orogeny. This is attributed to the cycling of seawater through mid-ocean ridge basalts, and postulated exchange reactions account for variation in the composition of seawater-Ca. The unidirectional trend of heavier δ13C values from the Devonian to the Permian is intricately coupled with the evolution of the terrestrial biomass. In addition to expansion of terrestrial plants, burial of reduced carbon in the form of coal (organic matter) contributed to the observed shift. The start of the Permo-Pennsylvanian glaciation is marked by a negative excursion of the secular carbon trend, which is linked to weathering of reduced carbon and its return to the oceanic reservoir with its oxidized carbon. The oxygen isotope values reflect the unidirectional trend towards higher values of the carbon data with decreasing geologic age. Negative excursions of the trend may be related to extensive weathering of terrestrial and submarine rocks, whereas positive excursions may be related to hydrothermal alteration of submarine rocks and dehydration of oceanic crust during times of active sea-floor spreading. Oxygen-calculated water temperatures of unaltered brachiopod material are unrealistically high for all of the Devonian, and the Chesterian-Meramecian, Desmoinesian-Missourian, and Artinskian Epochs. During these times maximum water temperatures of 42° to 56°C are well above the thermal threshold of protein denaturation. This process, which is lethal to most higher organisms, demands an adjustment in oxygen of -2.5%. for samples older than Missourian, and of -1.250%. for samples spanning the Missourian-Artinskian interval. With these adjustments and salinity considerations made prior to calculations, water temperatures become reasonable for the Late Paleozoic epeiric, tropical seas of North America.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 45 (1989), S. 102-103 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Djungarian hamster ; photoperiod ; temperature ; T3 ; T4 ; testosterone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of photoperiod, temperature and testosterone treatment on plasma T3 and T4 levels were investigated in the Djungarian hamster. Plasma T3 level was affected by temperature (25°C〈7°C) but not by photoperiod. Plasma T4 level was affected by photoperiod (short day 〈 long day) at 25°C. Administration of testosterone increased plasma T4 level under short photoperiod at 25°C. Thus, higher plasma T4 level under long photoperiod at 25°C might be induced by testosterone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 112 (1989), S. 277-289 
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: myelinated nerve fiber ; gating current ; temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Asymmetrical displacement currents and Na currents of single myelinated nerve fibers ofXenopus laevis were studied in the temperature range from 5 to 24°C. The time constant of the on-response atE=4 mV,τ on, was strongly temperature dependent, whereas the amount of displaced charge atE=39 mV, Qon, was only slightly temperature dependent. The mean Q10 forτ on -1 was 2.54, the mean Q10 for Qon was 1.07. The time constant of charge immobilization,τ i , atE=4 mV varied significantly (α=0.001) with temperature. The mean Q10 forτ i -1 was 2.71±0.38. The time constants of immobilization of gating charge and of fast inactivation of Na permeability were similar in the temperature range from 6 to 22°C. The Qoff/Qon ratio forE=4 mV pulses of 0.5 msec duration decreased with increasing temperature. The temperature dependence of the time constant of the off-response could not be described by a single Q10 value, since the Q10 depended on the duration of the test pulse. Increasing temperature shifted Qon (E) curves to more negative potentials by 0.51 mVK −1, but shiftedP Na (E) curves andh ∞ (E) curves to more positive potentials by 0.43 and 0.57 mV K−1, respectively.h ∞ (E=−70 mV) increased monotonously with increasing temperature. The present data indicate that considerable entropy changes may occur when the Na channel molecule passes from closed through open to inactivated states.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 37-43 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Methylbromide ; Charcoal tubes ; Pollution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Air sampling of methylbromide using 900 mg HBr-treated activated charcoal tubes, followed by solvent desorption and FID or ECD chromatographic analysis, makes it possible to evaluate concentrations ranging from 0.2 ppm (1 mg×m−3) to 250 ppm (1g×m−3) at ambient temperature even with a high hygrometric level. Thermal desorption does not lead to satisfactory results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 60-66 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Mass loadability ; Stationary phase capacity ; Capillary columns
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary In GLC the mass load can be normalized with respect to the amount of stationary phase in one plate. This quantity can be used for a specified solute-liquid phase combination in any capillary or packed column, irrespective of the column dimensions or the number of plates. For each individual solute in a given stationary phase a unique factor β″ can be found, which accounts for the specific shape of the isotherm of this particular combination. this factor β″ corresponds well with the activity coefficients of the solutes in the stationary phase, by which a fairly good approximation of the mass loadability of the column at hand can be made without need for experiment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of applied phycology 1 (1989), S. 59-65 
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Keywords: temperature ; acclimation ; Eucheuma alvarezii ; Eucheuma isiforme
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Branch cultures ofEucheuma alvarezii Doty var.tambalang Doty, farmed in the Philippines, andE. isiforme (C. Agardh) J. Agardh var.denudatum Cheney, from the west coast of Florida, were gradually transferred through three temperature regimes over a 6-week period. Photosynthetic responses were measured under a series of irradiances (P-I curves) and temperatures to determine immediate responses of the plants before, during and after completion of the transfers. The Philippine variety did not show acclimation to 18 °C either after gradual transfer from the initial culture temperature of 25 °C or when abruptly transferred from 25 to 18 °C. The Florida variety did show acclimation to 25 °C when gradually transferred from 18 to 22 to 25 °C over the 6-week period, but not if abruptly transferred from 18 to 25 °C. The west coast variety ofE. isiforme from Florida shows a temperature acclimation ability that parallels the seasonal changes in water temperature of its habitat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant and soil 119 (1989), S. 87-97 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: irradiance ; root development ; root growth ; shoot development ; shoot growth ; temperature ; thermal time ; winter wheat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Wheat plants were grown in columns of soil until early stem elongation at a wide range of constant root temperatures. Two light environments were imposed and three levels of nitrogen fertilizer added at sowing. Shoot and root development and growth were measured by destructive sampling to investigate the combined effects of temperature and changing nutrient and assimilate supply. Both mainstem leaf and root axis production were linearly related to thermal time above a base temperature of 0°C. Low irradiance affected the appearance of mainstem tillers and associated nodal root axes. Nitrogen had little effect on shoot or root development but increased shoot area between 6 and 8 mainstem leaves. Higher temperatures and supplementary light resulted in larger root systems when compared at equivalent times after sowing. Total root length and root dry weight increased exponentially with thermal time, based on the mean of 4 cm soil and 2 cm air temperatures, but no single relation existed for all temperature and light treatments. Total plant dry matter, root length and root dry weight increased linearly with accumulated, intercepted, photosynthetically active radiation. Root growth responded less than the shoot to supplementary light. Increasing temperature reduced the proportion of root weight to total plant weight.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant and soil 119 (1989), S. 99-110 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Irradiance ; root development ; root growth ; temperature ; thermal time ; winter wheat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Winter wheat was sown on 2 dates with 3 levels of nitrogen fiertiliser (0, 50 and 200 kg N ha−1) in one year and on 2 sites in a followign season. Shoot and root development and growth were measured between emergence and anthesis in the first season and emergence and 7 mainstem leaves in the second. Differences in temperature and light regime led to significant differences in shoot and root development and growth between sowing dates. A thermal time-scale, based on soil surface or air temperatures, with a base of 0°C, adequately described the production of mainstem leaves and nodal root axes over all treatments. Autumn applied nitrogen had little effect on development. Shoot growth and green area index increased exponentially with thermal time prior to spring nitrogen application and the completion of canopy development. Early-sown crops had larger root systems than late-sown crops prior to winter and this divergence was retained until anthesis. The relationship between root growth and thermal time was little better than with days after sowing and was not improved by either varying the site of temperature measurement or the base temperature used for calculation. Differences in soil texture and drainage, between sites, led to significant changes in root length distribution. Although spring applied nitrogen generally increased root length, its effects were inconsistent. There was a curvilinear relation between root length and the amount of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) intercepted; this relation was unaffected by sowing date or nitrogen treatment. The amount of root produced per unit PAR decreased as the season progressed, reflecting the decrease in the proportion of total dry matter partitioned to the root system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Euphytica 41 (1989), S. 65-69 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Fragaria ; Potentilla ; intergeneric hybrids ; pollen storage ; temperature ; relative humidity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Low temperature and humidity were used for the storage of pollen of four species of Fragaria (2n=14, 42 and 56) and two species of Potentilla (2n=14). The stainability of Fragaria pollen was assessed over a number of years by use of aceto-carmine stain and its viability by cross-pollinations; stainability of Potentilla pollen was assessed by acetocarmine. Fragaria pollen so stored remained stainable for seven years and showed the ability to set seed for three years. over the latter period, aceto-carmine staining gave a reasonable prediction of seed set produced by the stored pollen of Fragaria and so is of value in estimating pollen viability in that genus. Potentilla pollen remained stainable for three years.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 19
    ISSN: 1573-5079
    Keywords: chlorophyll fluorescence ; herbicide binding ; photoinhibition ; photosynthesis ; photosystem II ; temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The time courses of some Photosystem II (PS II) parameters have been monitored during in-vivo and in-vitro photoinhibition of spinach chloroplasts, at room temperature and at 10 °C or 0 °C. Exposing leaf discs of low-light grown spinach at 25 °C to high light led to photoinhibition of chloroplasts in-vivo as manifested by a parallel decrease in the number of functional PS II centres, the variable chlorophyll fluorescence at 77K (F v /F m ), and the number of atrazine-binding sites. When the photoinhibitory treatment was given at 10 °C, the former two parameters declined in parallel but the loss of atrazine-binding sites occurred more slowly and to a lesser extent. During in-vitro photoinhibition of chloroplast thylakoids at 25 °C, the loss of functional PS II centres proceeded slightly more rapidly than the loss of atrazine-binding sites, and this difference in rate was further increased when the thylakoids were photoinhibited at 0 °C. During the recovery phase of leaf discs (up to 9 h) the increases in F v /F m preceded that of the number of functional PS II centres, while only a further decline in the number of atrazine-binding sites was observed. The recovery of variable chlorophyll fluorescence and the concentration of functional PS II centres occurred more rapidly at 25 °C than at 10 °C. These results suggest that the photoinhibition of PS II function is a relatively temperature-independent early photochemical event, whereas the changes in the concentration of herbicide-binding sites appear to be a more complex biochemical process which can occur with a delayed time course.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Euphytica 40 (1989), S. 121-126 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Chrysanthemum morifolium ; chrysanthemum ; tolerance ; temperature ; days to flower ; breeding ; component analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Twenty seven clones of chrysanthemum, 19 of which were selected at low temperature, were flowered at 10, 14, 18 and 22°C. The number of days to flower in response to temperature could, for each genotype, be described by a parabola with the parameters: optimum temperature, days to flower at the optimum temperature and curvature which represents the sensitivity to temperature. The low-temperature selections did not have a reduced optimum temperature but reduced sensitivity to temperature accounted for most of the ability to flower at low temperature. The parameters may vary independently. Examples are given to show how these parameters can be combined to construct genotypes with a required temperature response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 21
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Acanthocyclops ; productivity ; temperature ; food limitation ; generation time
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The generation time of the predatory cyclopoid copepod Acanthocyclops robustus was estimated on 11 occasions during the years 1980 to 1982 in Alderfen Broad. In a multiple regression model, generation time was found to be uncorrelated with temperature, positively correlated (p 〈 0.05) with the densities of Bosmina longirostris and rotifers, and negatively correlated (p 〈 0.001) with the density of nauplii of the calanoid copepod Eudiaptomus gracilis. It is suggested that generation time was determined largely by the availability of calanoid nauplii as prey, even though these constituted only 2% of zooplankton standing biomass.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 22
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Cyclopoid copepods ; development times ; eggs ; instars ; temperature ; diapause
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The duration times of eggs, combined naupliar instars and of the different copepodite stages of five species of cyclopoid copepods — Acanthocyclops robustus, Cyclops vicinus, Diacyclops bicuspidatus, Mesocyclops leuckarti, and Thermocyclops crassus — were investigated at five different temperatures. The five species can be divided in two groups: two species, C. vicinus and D. bicuspidatus, adapted to cold water conditions and three species, A. robustus, M. leuckarti and T. crassus adapted to warm water conditions. The cold water species showed a faster egg development than M. leuckarti and T. crassus at 5–15 °C. The eggs and instars of the warm water species M. leuckarti tend to develop faster than those of the former two species at higher temperatures. A. robustus showed the shortest egg and instar development at 10–25 °C. The warm water species T. crassus produced no eggs at 10 °C and temperatures below. At higher temperatures (20, 25 °C) the egg and instar duration times were similar or longer than those of the other species. When cultured in total darkness a great part of the CIV respectively CV copepodites of the summer forms entered arrest and the percentage of copepodites that showed an arrest of development was highest at lowest temperatures. The present results are compared with data from literature and differences are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 186-187 (1989), S. 81-102 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: rotifers ; rate of population increase ; life span ; temperature ; salinity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A review of temperature and salinity effects on rotifer population dynamics is presented together with original data of these effects for three clones of Brachionus plicatilis. There is a clear relationship between temperature and the intrinsic rate of increase, r: an increase of temperature — within the natural environmental range — produces an exponential increase of r, and the slope of the response depends on the genotype. The effect of salinity is also genetically dependent; the highest r for each clone is observed at the salinity close to that of its environmental origin. The response of r to temperature is mainly a consequence of the response of the individual rates of development and reproductive timing. The effect of temperature on fecundity (number of descendents per individual life time) is negligible when temperature values are within the normal habitat ranges. On the other hand, salinity seems to affect primarily fecundity. The interaction salinity-temperature may be important in clones or species living in fluctuating environments with positive response to the more frequent combinations found in the corresponding habitats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 186-187 (1989), S. 129-136 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Hexarthra ; salinity ; alkalinity ; wind action ; temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In Neusiedler See, a shallow alkaline lake with fluctuating water level and salinity, four species of Hexarthra occur: H. mira, H. fennica, H. jenkinae (occasional) and H. polyodonta. The analysis of longterm data reveals a general phenological pattern which does not change from year to year. They first occur in May, develop a maximum in June/July, sometimes a second one in August/September and disappear in October. But the species succession is different in the various years, occasionally only one species (H. mira or H. polyodonta) being present. There is a fairly consistent relation between the chemical conditions and the prevalent species; an increase in salinity favours the development of H. polyodonta. Low temperature and wind generated suspended particles have a negative influence on the development of the Hexarthra populations. Smaller populations of Hexarthra are in a relation to the occurrence of Leptodora indicating predation pressure of the latter species. In Neusiedler See the Hexarthra populations seem to be controlled to a great extent by abiotic factors, but predation by Leptodora and most probably by young fish seems to play an important role too.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 25
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Rotifera ; resting eggs ; light ; temperature ; hatching ; mixis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The marine rotifer Brachionus plicatilis typicus (Clone 8105A, Univ. of Tokyo) was cultured in 500 ml beakers to form resting eggs. Tetraselmis tetrathele was used as a culture food. Just after formation, resting eggs were exposed to various temperature (5–25 °C) and light regimes (24L: OD and OL : 24D). When eggs were exposed to light just after formation, the eggs hatched sporadically over a month. No hatching was observed for six months when eggs were preserved under dark conditions regardless of the temperature. These eggs hatched simultaneously after being exposed to light and eggs preserved at 5 °C showed twice as high hatching rate (40%) as that of eggs preserved at 15–25 °C (24%). Clones from resting eggs that were kept under different temperature and light regimes were reared individually to the third generation. Incubation at 25 °C with lighting produced the highest (5.4% and 5.2 %) rate of mictic females during their 2nd and 3rd generations, respectively. The lowest rates (0 and 1.5%) were found when the eggs were kept at 5 °C in total darkness for six months. A lower rate of amictic female production was found in clones with higher rates of mixis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 186-187 (1989), S. 209-214 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: rotifers ; distribution ; temperature ; oxygen content
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Lunzer Obersee, a small lake located at an altitude of 1100 m above sea level, was investigated from July 1985 to October 1987. The rotifer community consists of 7 dominant species, 7 subdominant species and 34 species which occasionally occurred in the plankton. The dominant species show rather different demands in relation to temperature and oxygen content; e.g.: Filinia hofmanni was found at a wide range of oxygen concentrations (0.6–13.3 mg O2l−1) and low temperatures (4–6 °O, living in the upper water layers (1–7 m) during spring and in the deeper, anoxic zone in summer. In contrast, Asplanchna priodonta was found at rather high oxygen contents (〉 9 mg O2 l−1), ), and showed a wide range of temperature tolerance (4–15 °C). On the basis of field data the temperature and oxygen requirements of several species are described and discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 186-187 (1989), S. 363-369 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: rotifers ; temperature ; food concentration ; bioenergetic parameters
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The influence of temperature and food quality was studied on the following energy balance parameters of B. angularis: ingestion, production, growth and mortality. The ingestion rate rises to an optimum at 15 and 20 °C and decreases at 25 °C. The other rates increase continuously over the 5–25 °C range. The Q10-values of production rate are higher than those of ingestion rate. Temperature also modifies the relationship between food concentration and bioenergetic rates. They react according to a Monod function (production at all temperatures, growth at 10 °C) or decrease at high concentrations (growth at 15° and 20 °C.)
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 186-187 (1989), S. 381-386 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: biometric analysis ; resting eggs ; rotifers ; salinity ; temperature ; genetic variation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of temperature and salinity on resting egg size of two Brachionus plicatilis (Rotifers) clones was investigated. Clones were selected according to their different behaviour in laying resting eggs: one clone ejects them, whereas they remain inside the females body in the other clone. The difference in resting eggs size between the two clones is noticeable, although the difference is not as great as that between female body size. An important temperature-salinity interaction on resting egg size has been observed. The general inverse relationship between size and temperature is only true at lower temperatures. At high temperatures size varies around the mean although could be greater than at intermediate temperatures. This is more evident at the intermediate salinity tested which is considered to be the closest to the optimum in our experiments. This pattern of variation suggests that mean size is bigger than expected, in relation to temperature and salinity, when these factors have values close to the extremes of their range, normally found in nature, and to which adaptative mechanisms can evolve. Size is bigger at the salinity — temperature low - low and high - high combinations which are the most commonly found in the temperate environments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 29
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Antarctica ; bacteria ; biofilms ; cyanobacteria ; microbial mats ; Nostoc ; Phormidium ; photosynthesis ; respiration ; stream algae ; temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Water temperatures in southern Victoria Land streams fluctuated over the range 0 to 10 lay close to freezing. In a series of controlled assays at Fryxell Stream, Taylor Valley, the benthic microbial mats showed strongly positive metabolic responses to increases in temperature well above ambient. Rates of polysaccharide and lipid biosynthesis increased with temperature over the range 0 to 25 °C. Between 0 and 10 °C, Q10 values for the cyanobacterial mats were 1.7 to 3.2 for gross photosynthesis, 2.5 to 5.7 for respiration, 2.2 to 2.5 for acetate incorporation into lipid, 1.9 to 3.8 for glucose catabolism, and 1.9 to 2.8 for thymidine incorporation. Respiration accounted for a high percentage of gross photosynthesis, and a net respiratory loss of carbon from three communities was either induced or worsened by an increase in temperature from 0 to 10 °C. The chlorophyll a content of Nostoc disc incubated for one month in darkness decreased by 27% at 5 °C, but by 99% at 25 °C. This set of assays suggests that the cyanobacterial mats contained large amounts of chlorophyll a and carbon associated with inactive or senescing cells. This unusual standing stock could probably not persist under warmer conditions, which would promote both increased respiratory losses and faster rates of bacterial decomposition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 173 (1989), S. 219-229 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: aquatic fungi ; temperature ; seasonal periodicity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The occurrence, distribution and seasonal periodicity of 49 species of aquatic fungi belonging to the orders Chytridiales, Lagenidiales, Blastocladiales, Saprolegniales and Peronosporales from two tanks of Kurukshetra, India, is described. Seasonal periodicity was found to be governed by temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 174 (1989), S. 89-97 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: carbon ; Illinois ; light ; nitrate ; nutrient limitation ; periphyton ; phosphate ; streams ; temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Factors limiting periphyton accrual in east-central Illinois agricultural streams were investigated. Nutrient-diffusing substrata were used to examine periphyton macronutrient limitation in streams in two agricultural watersheds. Substrata consisted of sand-agar mixtures with one of six experimental treatments. Macronutrients included carbon, nitrate, phosphate and combinations of the three. Substrata were collected after a 5 and 9 day period and analyzed for chlorophyll a. None of the treatments were significantly greater than the controls at any of the seven stations, thus we conclude that periphyton in these streams was not nutrient limited. Highest periphyton colonization/growth rates were associated with the smaller upstream reaches, while lower rates occurred in the larger downstream reaches. Multiple regression showed that most of the variance in the rate of chlorophyll a accrual after five days was explained through water temperature and turbidity (r2 = 0.91); whereas, stream nitrate and phosphate concentrations accounted for no significant portion of the variance. We conclude that instream primary production in agricultural streams of central Illinois is limited by temperature and light.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 179 (1989), S. 17-24 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: profiles ; resolution ; monitoring ; temperature ; oxygen ; spate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Longitudinal profiles of water quality along a well-mixed tidal river are, ideally, based on simultaneous measurements at fixed stations distributed along the river. The resolution of the profiles is limited by the density of the stations. However, for a given number of stations the resolution is greatly increased if water quality date can be extrapolated upstream and downstream of the stations, making use of velocity data; the resolution is then determined by the density of the extrapolated data points, which may be an order of magnitude higher than the density of the stations. A 15-km length of river was investigated using 5 current meters equipped to measure depth, temperature, conductivity and dissolved oxygen. Data were recorded simultaneously every 10 minutes. When the average cross-sectional speed was 0.25 ms−1 (typical of tidal conditions), the extrapolated data points were 150 m apart, so the resolution of the resulting profiles (7 per kilometre) was much higher than that of the stations alone (0.3 per kilometre). The extrapolation process required a means of deducing the average cross-sectional speed from the speed measured at a given station. The key to this was provided by temperature data recorded during the onset of a spate, when tidal flow was suspended and the average cross-sectional speed was uniformly about 0.75 ms −1 at four of the stations. Profiles of temperature and dissolved oxygen were generated by this method; the resolution was about 2 data points km−1 during the onset of the spate, and 6 points km−1 during tidal flow.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 175 (1989), S. 223-231 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Rotifera ; temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Information on the distribution of 225 species of planktic, periphytic and benthic rotifers from diverse waters in south and central Sweden was analyzed for temperature preference and tolerance. Most rotifers have a very wide tolerance range. Certainly differences in temperature dependence exist between separate species. However, these differences are, in a regional material like this, generally less distinct than what has been found for the distribution within individual lakes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 34
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant and soil 116 (1989), S. 69-76 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: oxidation ; soil ; sulphur ; temperature ; tetrathionate ; thiosulphate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The rate of oxidation of micronized elemental sulphur in three soils was measured over a range of temperatures between 2 and 20°C. Temperature had a marked effect with a Q10 (temperature coefficient) between 1.9–3.1. The period for 50% oxidation varied between 6–10 days at 20°C to between 36–42 days at 2°C. All the oxidation curves showed an initial lag. At 20°C the oxidation rate was four times that of flowers of sulphur and was related to the smaller particle size. Additives (wetting and dispersing agents) in the commercial micronized sulphur preparation used (‘Thiovit’) were inhibitory at high concentrations but stimulatory at low concentrations. The significance to field conditions is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 18 (1989), S. 167-179 
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: Vicia faba L. ; in vitro propagation ; temperature ; nitrogen ; activated charcoal
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The influences of nitrogen sources, culture temperature and activated charcoal supplements were studied in relation to the rooting ability of V. faba cuttings. The interaction of these factors led to quantitative and qualitative modifications of the culture responses. Low temperatures (14–18°C) were suitable for in vitro culture, limiting the formation of phenolics in plant material and making activated charcoal supplement unnecessary. Nitrogen supplements contributed in modifying the different plant responses, in accordance with temperature. Multiple shoot formation was obtained from the cotyledonary node and from the stem nodes cultivated in the presence of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). BAP at 4 mg l-1 was the most effective concentration in promoting high rates of shoot development. The original position of stem nodes was found to determine the explant response to plant growth regulator treatments, possibly due to the effect of residual apical dominance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 36
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of bioenergetics and biomembranes 21 (1989), S. 115-135 
    ISSN: 1573-6881
    Keywords: Membrane fluidity ; fish membranes ; homeoviscous adaptation ; temperature ; hydrostatic pressure ; acclimation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The homoeostatic regulation of bilayer order is a property of functional importance. Arguably, it is best studied in those organisms which experience and must overcome disturbances in bilayer order which may be imposed by variations in temperature of hydrostatic pressure. This article reviews our recent work on the adaptations of order in brain membranes of those fish which acclimate to seasonal changes in temperature or which have evolved in extreme thermal or abyssal habitats. The effects of temperature and pressure upon hydrocarbon order and phase state are reviewed to indicate the magnitude of the disturbances experienced by animals in their environments over the seasonal or evolutionary timescale. Acclimation of fish to altered temperature leads to a partial correction of order, while comparison of fish from extreme cold environments with those from temperate or tropical waters reveals a more complete adaptation. Fish from the deep sea also display adaptations of bilayer order which largely overcome the ordering effects of pressure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 37
    ISSN: 1573-5087
    Keywords: Abscisic acid ; dormancy ; batatasin-I ; phthalic acid ; temperature ; Dioscorea floribunda
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract In the tubers of medicinal yam (Dioscorea floribunda Mart. & Gal.) abscisic acid (ABA) content was high in all the parts during the dormant condition in the winter, but it decreased to a very low level in the actively growing plants. ABA content of the entire tuber was negatively correlated with temperature and photoperiod. Growth inhibitors including batatasin-I and phthalic acid were identified in the dormant tuber.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 552-558 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Radio gas chromatography ; 3H- and14C-labelled compounds ; Isotope effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Radio gas chromatography (RGC) is a valuable tool for the analysis of radioactively labelled compounds. Recent advances in capillary GC, especially in column technology and instrumentation have also induced new possibilities in this field. With regard to the preservation of the achieved separation efficiency, radioactivity detection is the main problem in capillary RGC. Based on published data and on our extensive experience in conventional RGC, a simple, reliable and versatile method has been developed for the radioactive detection: purge gas is added to the effluent of the capillary column and the RGC detection unit with conversion tube and flow-through proportional counter is used maintaining small dead volumes and dimensions. The influence of the extra-column volumes and of the total gas flow rate (of the carrier, purge and quenching gases) on the peak shape was investigated. It was also found that the isotopic effect commonly known in GC of2H- and3H-labelled compounds is hardly measurable for larger [G-14C] labelled species such as [G-14C] labelled higher fatty acids with high isotopic abundance of14C, even on the highly efficient capillary columns. The quantitative aspects of the detection method used are discussed and some applications to the analysis of labelled biochemicals (amino and fatty acids) are demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 39
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 644-648 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Ion exchange resins ; Polymeric supports ; Chloromethanes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The retention of compounds of various classes on macroporous sulfonated cation exchangers in the form of the fourth period elements in Mendeleev's table (i. e. in the K, Ca, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn-forms) has been investigated. It has been shown that these sorbents are characterized by a high specificity of molecular interaction. It has also been established that the gas-chromatographic properties of cation exchangers depend on the nature and valency of the metal ion in the ionogenic group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 40
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 109-112 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Packed columns ; Immobilized stationary phase ; Poly(ethylene glycol) phase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Carbowax 20M poly(ethylene glycol) stationary phase was immobilized on Chromosorb W by cross-linking with pluriisocyanate. The properties of the prepared packing material were investigated. Column efficiencies of 10,960 and 7,510 theoretical plates/meter were obtained for n-pentadecane and 1-heptanol, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 159-163 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Flame photometric detector ; Sulfur compounds ; Response quenching
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The long time retardation of the main hydrocarbon peak in the chimney of the flame photometric detector greatly reduces the responses of later-eluting sulfur compounds. In the absence of hydrocarbons in the flame, the slope (s) of the log I vs. log [S] plot (where I is the sulfur response and [S] is the sulfur concentration in the sample) is of the highest value and is constant for all experimental conditions tested. Flame hydrocarbons cause the s value to decrease, and this is dependent on the oxygen to hydrogen ratio in the flame (O/H) and, under certain conditions, also on the sulfur to carbon ratio (S/C) of the sample. The abnormalities observed in the determination of methyl thiol in natural gas are explained on the basis of the present study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 631-632 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Wide-bore glass capillary columns ; End-sealing ; Static coating
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary An end-sealing method to be used for static coating of wide-bore glass capillaries is described. After the capillary was completely filled with the coating solution, one end is connected to a gas-tight syringe (10-ml volume) via silicone tubing and the other end is fixed with shortcutted silicone tubing for sealing with a plug. The method is highly successful.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 43
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Ethyl carbamate ; Direct injection quantification ; Cold injection system ; Optimised SIM
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary An integrated procedure is described which allows direct injection quantitative screening to single figure parts per billion (μg/L) levels of ethyl carbamate in the natural matrix of distilled alcoholic beverage. Injection and detection performance was studied and optimized to allow this routine, reproducible, trace analysis without any sample pre-treatment. All aspects of the analysis including autosampler run sequences and automated internal standard report generation are initiated and controlled from a single GC/MS workstation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 455-460 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Surface free energy ; Silane-covered materials ; Film pressure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The surface free energy, or film pressure, π0, is measured for mica (Mica HK), silane-covered mica (Mica NP), Chromosorb W DMCS and glass beads. The film pressure is obtained from gas chromatography. The materials are used as adsorbents and benzyl alcohol and n-dodecane are used as molecular probes. Adsorption isotherms at 353 K are obtained from gas chromatography data and the surface free energy is computed with the help of the Gibbs equation. Values of π0 for a given surface are found to vary with the molecular probe. With benzyl alcohol π0 varies from 44 erg/cm2 for Mica 60 HK to 76 erg/cm2 for glass. In the case of n-dodecane π0 is found to vary in the same manner but the values range from 25 to 45 erg/cm2. The results are in good agreement with the values obtained with the contact angle method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 469-471 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Headspace analysis ; Ethylene oxide ; Capillary column
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A headspace gas chromatographic method for determination of traces of ethylene oxide (EO) in sterilized materials has been developed. The method allows the determination of the amount of EO by putting the samples directly into acetonitrile and analysing by means of headspace GC. The procedure described is simple, sensitive, reproducible and linear. The lower limit of detection is 0.015 μg/g of sterilized material.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 28 (1989), S. 24-26 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Anesthetics ; Pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A sensitive capillary gas chromatographic method is described for the simultaneous determination of lidocaine, tetracaine, procaine and dibucaine. The method was applied to the determination of anesthetics in tissue homogenates incubated at 38°C at doses between 10 and 400 mg/kg. In the liver tissue thein vitro metabolization of the studied anesthetics is most rapid for tetracaine, also fast for procaine, while for lidocaine and dibucaine the metabolization is very slow. In brain tissue thein vitro metabolization of anesthetics is very slow. The method shows good analytical parameters: linearity between 5 and 40 μg/ml; day-to-day reproducibility ca. 8% for a concentration of 20 μg/ml, precision ca. 7% for a concentration of 20μg/ml. Accuracy is also very good.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 47
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 28 (1989), S. 639-642 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary columns ; Split injection ; Sample tailing and cold trap effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Sample plug tailing together with a cold trap effect brings about discrimination against low boiling components at an initial column temperature above the boiling point of the solvent. In conventional split injection, this compensates for the opposite effects of such factors as the gas phase viscocity change and the pressure wave during the split period, and reasonable results are obtained. In stop-flow injection, however, since the influences of the opposite factors are diminished, the sample plug tailing and the cold trap effect may produce results showing lower than true concentrations for the low boiling components.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 48
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 28 (1989), S. 313-314 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Fused-silica columns ; Static coating ; Sealing method
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary In this paper a new sealing method for the static coating of capillary columns is described. When one end of the fully filled capillary was immersed into liquid nitrogen in a Dewar flask, the coating solution at this end would be frozen and became a temporary seal, and an air-free solvent/seal interface was obtained. No bumping has ever been found at the interface, even when butane was used as solvent. By applying this sealing method, several capillary columns, including some narrow bore capillary, had been successfully coated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 28 (1989), S. 502-504 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Retention variation ; Effect of sample composition on retention
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The variation of the retention index of a solute due to the presence of a closely neighboring peak is discussed. The neighboring peak is likely to modify the original stationary liquid by forming a temporary “mixed” stationary phase. The extent of the retention index variation is influenced by many experimental parameters and becomes pronounced when the stationary phase is overloaded by the neighboring peak and the film thickness of the stationary phase is not very large. However, the exact extent of this variation is rather unpredictable. The practical significance of this finding is also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 50
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; FAME fingerprinting ; Animal fats ; Transesterification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The triglycerides of animal fats from milk, meat or cheese can also be characterized by the gaschromatographic pattern of the fatty acid methylesters (FAME) after conversion by an unsophisticated transesterification procedure. Even from the FAME pattern falsifications of commercial animal fats can be revealed by the fast separation of the FAME using a standard CW 20 M (polyethyleneglycol) capillary column. Characteristic patterns of FAME originating from different animals are shown. The patterns of the FAME from different races of the same animal are very similar, so that the characterisation according to the type of animal is not disturbed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 71-76 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Electron-capture detector ; Constant-current mode ECD ; Non-linearity of ECD
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The effects of the ionization source activity, sample input rate, electron capture rate constant, ventilation rate constant and baseline frequency on the linearity, detectability and sensitivity of the constant-current electron-capture detector (CC-ECD) were investigated. The proposed model representing an extension of the Wenthworth-Lovelock model proved to be useful in demonstrating that the CC-ECD can be highly nonlinear for strong electron capturers, at high ionization source activities, at a low ventilation rate constant and at low baseline frequencies. Optimization of the CC-ECD operation is possible by a reasonable adjustment of the studied parameters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 52
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Coke oven gas evolution ; On-line gas analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A gas chromatograph will thermal conductivity detector (TCD) connected on line via a cleaning train to the semi-industrial scale Coke Oven Text Plant of the Spanish National Coal Institute (INCAR), has been used to control the evolution of the permanent gases during the coking process. The undesirable presence of oxygen in the coke oven gas can be detected with this system that will be applied to determine the end of the coking process by quantitative analysis of the gas evolved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 53
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 182-184 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Micropacked columns ; Alkyl-modified silica ; Hydrocarbons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Micropacked columns for liquid chromatography were evaluated for the gas chromatographic separation of hydrocarbons. A glass-lined stainless-steel tube of 30 cm×0.3 mm i.d., packed with 5-μm alkyl-modified silica, was employed as the separation column. The micropacked columns were successfully applied to the separation of components of a light oil and a kerosine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 54
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 205-208 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Kováts indices ; Numerical interpolation ; Dead time
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Comparison with normal procedures shows that numerical interpolation of the logarithms of gross retention times generates quite useful Kováts indices for gas chromatographic analysis. The dead time concept is not used in the interpolation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 55
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Adsorption studies ; Clinoptilolite ; Zeolite
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Adsorption properties of NH4-clinoptilolite, thermally treated at 400, 550 and 650°C, were investigated by gas-solid chromatography. Adsorption of ten hydrocarbons, including aliphatic, alicyclic, chlorinated and aromatic compounds is discussed in the light of adsorbate-adsorbent interactions. The imporatant thermodynamic parameters of adsorption are determined. A detailed discussion is presented on the alteration of the surface properties of NH4-clinoptilolite caused by thermal treatment. Experimental data obtained show that NH4-clinoptilolite treated at 650°C can be successfully employed as a column packing in analytical gassolid chromatography.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 56
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 436-440 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Liquid crystal stationary phases ; PAH ; FAME ; Mesomorphic polysiloxane phases
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The gas-chromatographic properties of two mesomorphic polysiloxane (MEPSIL) stationary phases, one smectic (SB) and the other nematic (N), were investigated. The retention indices and separation factors (relative retentions), α, of several pairs of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) isomer solutes were used to gauge differences in the selectivity provided by each. The heats of solution of the PAH showed that the smectic MEPSIL is more selective for solutes with different length-to-breadth ratios. Also, five peaks were resolved for sixcis andtrans octadecenoic FAME isomers with this solvent. The nematic MEPSIL, on the other hand, was found to be more useful at higher temperatures because of its higher clearing point. In addition, solute capacity factors were smaller than those observed with the smectic MEPSIL, as evidenced by lower retention indices. The former was therefore more useful for the analysis of high molecular-weight PAH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 57
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Colloidal stationary phases ; Liquid crystals as stationary phases
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Colloid systems consisting of the nematic liquid crystals p,p′-azoxyphenetol and p,p′-methoxyethoxyazoxybenzene and high-disperse mineral particles (aerosil, carbon black) are proposed to be used as stationary phases in gas chromatography. The dependence of the retention of normal paraffins, Rohrschneider and McReynolds test solutes (benzene, ethanol, methyl ethyl ketone, nitromethane, pyridine, butanol-1, 2-pentanone, and nitropropane) on the composition of the colloid systems was investigated. The investigated colloid sorbents including liquid crystals retain their selectivity for meta/para isomers up to 50% of the aerosil content and practically at all studied carbon black concentrations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 58
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Chlorinated methanes ; Activated charcoal sampling ; Pollution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A sampling method using activated charcoal, followed by percolation with ethanol and FID or ECD chromatographic analysis, depending on the concentrations to be monitored, makes it possible to evaluate concentrations of methylene chloride between 5 and 1000mg m−3, chloroform between 0.1 and 2000mg m−3, and carbon tetrachloride between 0.015 and 1000mg m−3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 59
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 28 (1989), S. 139-142 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Silica surface ; Silanols ; Strongly interacting sites
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The paper describes how the method of gas-phase titration of the strongest adsorption sites can be utilized to calculate a relative strength of interaction of the sites with chromatographic solutes. An excellent correlation with earlier, theoretical predictions of Giddings is noted. Significant influence of the sites on the width of a chromatographic band is observed when the interactions are an order of magnitude stronger than those of normal sites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 60
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 28 (1989), S. 167-169 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Determination of monomer in polymers ; Sealed glass capillary sampling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Residual styrene in polystyrene and free phenol in phenolic plywood adhesive have been determined by sealing samples in glass capillary tubes. To prevent loss of sample the ends of the capillary tubes were sealed with a kind of putty made of anhydrous calcium sulfare, calcium carbonate and a small quantity of phenylmethylsilicone fluid. No volatile compounds were released from this sealing material when the capillary tubes were placed in a quartz vaporising furnace at temperatures up to 300°C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 61
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; GC/MS and headspace GC ; Elastomeric stoppers for injectables ; Trace hydrocarbons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Elastomeric stoppers for injectables have been surveyed by means of GC/MS screening. Residual contamination by hexanes (2-methylpentane, 3-methylpentane, n-hexane, methylcyclopentane, cyclohexane) toluene and xylenes occurred in all the samples tested. A headspace GC purity test is suggested, by using these residual chemicals as purity indexes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 62
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Optimization of gas-solid separations ; Plate height equation ; Computer mapping procedure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary This paper proposes an optimization model for gas-solid chromatographic separations in a non-linear programming form and an approximate equation of the plate height for the model. A computer-modified mapping procedure is also described for searching the optimum separation conditions. Just five experiments and about 20 minutes of the computer time are needed to establish the optima of column temperature and of the carrier gas linear velocity. The relative deviation between the predicted and the experimental values was found to be within 20% for the plate heights, and within 1.5% for the retention times.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 63
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Renewal theory ; Monte-Carlo simulation ; Prediction of retention and peak widths
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A new method for prediction of gas chromatographic retention times and peak half widths is based on the renewal theory. The only requirements are the heats of vaporization of the compounds to be separated and one calibration measurement. With this data, retention times and peak half widths can be predicted for isothermal as well as temperature-programmed gas chromatography. For the separation of non-polar substances on non-polar stationary phases the prediction error for retention times is approx. 1–2%. First simulations of polar molecules and polar stationary phases indicate that this method is also applicable in these cases but some extension will be required.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 64
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Microwave plasma detector ; Thiophenes ; Shale oil distillates
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A series of alkylthiophenes and dimethyl disulfide were tentatively identified in an oil shale retort gas condensate from a 6-kg bench-scale retort using gas chromatography with a microwave-induced helium plasma detector (GC-MIP). The sulfur species were present in concentrations ranging from 1.5 to 10.7 mol ppm in the undiluted offgas. The GC-MIP technique was successful in selectively detecting the sulfur components in the complex mixture. Quantitation was simplified relative to GC with flame-photometric detection because of the absence of quenching or other interference problems at the concentrations studied. Attempts to determine stoichiometry of the sulfur components by comparison of carbon, hydrogen, and sulfur ratios with those of standards were unsuccessful because of the complexity of the carbon and hydrogen chromatograms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 65
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Air pollutants ; Adsorbent enrichment ; Thermal desorption
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A new automatic method is described for quantitative determination of some light C2–C4 hydrocarbons in urban air: ethene, ethyne, propane, propene, butane and iso-butane. This method is based on an enrichment step at room temperature using a solid sorbent and subsequent thermal desorption for gas chromatographic separation and FID detection. The instrument is built up of a small commercial gas chromatograph and a laboratory-made trap and desorption unit. The sampling parameters, sample volume, concentration and humidity of air have been investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 66
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 596-600 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Mass spectrometry ; Azines
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary We have studied the gas chromatographic behaviour of several 3-methyl-2-benzothiazolone-azines. In HPLC analysis all the unsymmetrical azines show double peaks, whereas in HRGC analysis only some of these compounds show the two peaks corresponding to the Z (syn) and E (anti) isomers. By means GC/MS analysis the mass spectrum of each azine was recorded. We have assigned the E and Z configurations to the first and second gas chromtographic peaks on the basis of the ratio between the relative abundances of the two most significant framment ions at m/z 163 and 164.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 67
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 221-224 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Large volume sample injection ; Closed on-column injector
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A new simplified version of a “closed” on-column injector is introduced. Because of its design isobaric injection conditions do not have to be followed and a wide range of injection temperatures above the boiling point of the sample solvent can be chosen for on-column injections in capillary gas chromatography. Also, when following certain basic injection rules, injections of large sample volumes (≥20 μl or more) give accurate and reproducible results without further problems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 68
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 233-237 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; FTIR ; Hemoglobin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The use of N, O (S)-tert.-Butyldimethylsilyl derivatives of amino acids for capillary gas chromatography and FTIR identification of amino acids is described. Rapid identification is achieved by computerised comparison of FTIR spectra. Derivatives that are characterised by identical sets of ions in gas chromatography-mass spectrometry experiments are clearly distinguished and identified by means of their infrared spectra. This, for example, is the case with alanine, β-alanine and sarcosine, which norvaline and valine, and with norleucine, leucine and isoleucine. Unknows are also promptly detected. This is especially useful in screening biological samples for less common amino acids. Screening of hemoglogin hydrolysates for amino acid adducts is exemplified.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 69
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Trichloroethyl ester ; Dicarboxylic acid ; Urine samples ; Electron capture ; Biological monitoring
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Dicarboxylic acids were esterified by 2,2,2-trichloroethanol by using trifluoroacetic anhydride and phosphoric acid as catalysts. The method was developed to facilitate the evaluation of workers' exposure to sensitising acid anhydrides and other compounds metabolised to acids in the body. The sensitivity of the acid determination in urine was in the order of 2–4 ng ml−1 for aliphatic and alicyclic acids and 15ng ml−1 for phthalic acid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 70
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 499-508 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Electron capture detector ; Space-charge model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Mathematical analysis, allowing the determination of the distribution of the electron and positive ion concentration in an electron-capture detector with a cylindrical electrode arrangement and with constant and pulsed voltage supplies, has been carried out. The measurements obtained confirm the assumptions concerning the “space change” model of the ECD introduced by Gobby et al. and cast doubt upon the general assumption of the complete removal of the electrons from the detector by the voltage pulse. The physical factors influencing the current characteristics of the detector and the possible distortions connected with the electrode geometry have been explained on the basis of the measurements carried out.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 71
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 333-339 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Catalytic reactions ; Adsorption and desorption rate constants ; Reversed-flow techniques
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A small volume of reactant, 1-butene, is injected onto a catalytic bed and is allowed to diffuse away from it together with the product butane, along a narrow empty chromatographic tube; the latter is connected perpendicularly to the middle point of another similar tube through which hydrogen flows as reactant and carrier gas, transferring both 1-butene and butane to the detector through an analytical column. By using the reversed-flow GC technique, extra peaks are obtained in the chromatographic trace, sampling the concentration of both the readtant and product at the junction of the two tubes as a function of time. These concentrations are the result of the diffusion of the substances along the narrow empty tube, modified by the adsorption-desorption rates and the rate of the catalytic reaction. From the extra peaks of the reactant and product, a number of physicochemical quantities pertaining to the catalytic reaction can be calculated simultaneously, using appropriate mathematical analysis. These include adsorption rate constants, reaction rate constants, desorption rate constants, partition coefficients, and the overall mass transfer coefficients of the reactant across the gas-solid boundary of the catalytic bed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 72
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; KF·2H2O as stationary phase ; Alcohols ; Organic bases
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Potassium fluoride crystal dihydrate is used as the stationary phase for the rapid analysis of polar compounds in aqueous solutions. KF·2H2O is compared with some conventional stationary phases, organic salts and molten crystal hydrates of inorganic salts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 73
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 28 (1989), S. 237-240 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Slope of log plot ; Homologous series ; Retention index ; Retention time ; Uncertainty ; Free energy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The free energy of partition of a methylene group $$\Delta G_{CH_2 }^ \circ $$ is constant within a homologous series down to C5 and nearly constant to C3, contrary to the finding of Golovnya and Grigoryeva [5]. Retention indices are linear with carbon number: values may be extrapolated from higher carbon numbers to C5 within experimental uncertainty, to C4 with error no greater than 5 units and to C3 with error no greater than 10 units. Error in extrapolating the logarithm of the adjusted retention time, log t′R, to C5 is thus negligible, to C4 has possible error up to 5b/100 and to C3 up to 10b/100, whereb is the slope of the plot of log t′R against carbon number.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 74
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 28 (1989), S. 631-638 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Headspace GC/FTIR ; Optimization ; Detection limits ; Cryogenic trapping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary For the trace analysis of volatile components in a nonvolatile matrix, the headspace sampling technique offers the potential to lower detection limits in GC/FTIR experiments. Optimization of chromatographic operating parameters for Headspace GC/FTIR is discussed, aiming at the best compromise between maximum chromatographic resolution and highest S/N ratio of the infrared spectra. It is shown that the combination of headspace sampling with cryogenic capillary head trapping is able to provide Headspace GC/FTIR with the best performance in terms of sensitivity and chromatographic resolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 75
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Reaction rate studies ; Dicyclopentadiene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The gas chromatographic reactor technique was used to study the kinetics of dicyclopentadiene dissociation in several liquid phases (Versamid 900, neopentyl glycol sebacate, Triton X-305, Carbowax 6000, ethylene glycol phthalate and diethylene glycol succinate). Reaction rates and Arrhenius parameters are reported in the temperature range of 170–200°C. Kinetic data for the lower polarity liquid phases are in good agreement with literature values for liquid phases of the same nature reported previously. Reaction rates are higher when polar liquid phases are used. This behavior can be explained as a result of side reactions which lead to high molecular weight compounds which can be observed in the reaction chromatogram.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 76
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 28 (1989), S. 385-390 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary column ; Split injection ; Stop-flow method
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Major concerns in the development of the stop-flow split injection are discussed. Split ratio fluctuation caused by the pressure wave, solvent recondensation and gas viscosity change can be substantially diminished through the formation of a nearly uniform gaseous sample plug. Instrumental variables exerting influence on the accuracy of quantitation were studied. Higher injector temperature and the use of a carrier gas with higher heat conductivity benefit the quick vaporization of the sample liquid, and thus, help in the formation of a sample plug with more unformity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 77
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 28 (1989), S. 405-411 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Gas chromatography ; Concentration of volatile flavor compounds ; ODS packing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Volatile flavor compounds in aqueous model systems, distillates of coffee extract and juices such as apple, tomato, pineapple and grape were adsorbed on an ODS column during HPLC and monitoring absorption at 280nm. The adsorbed volatile compounds were eluted with a small volume of ethanol. Volatile compounds in the eluates were concentrated 22 to 100 times those in the distillates. Recovery of compounds was 50–90%. Breakthrough of specific compounds such as γ-valerolactone, furfuryl acetate and t-2-hexenal in the model systems and several compounds in the juice distillates was detected by capillary GC. Pattern similarity calculated between the GC profiles of a juice distillate and the corresponding eluate gave a qualitative comparison. This novel and versatile method utilizing conventional RP-HPLC may be widely applicable for concentrating volatiles in aqueous systems, at levels from ppm to ppb.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 78
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: ultrasound ; phonophoresis ; temperature ; ibuprofen ; human skin ; in vitro percutaneous absorption
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The objective of this study was to develop an in vitro method to investigate the effect of ultrasound on the in vitro absorption of ibuprofen from a propylene glycol/water vehicle through human epidermis. A diffusion cell was modified so ultrasound could be applied to the vehicle and skin. Since ultrasound can increase the temperature underneath the area of application, control representing temperature effects ran concurrently to the ultrasound experiment. The results demonstrate that ultrasound can increase the penetration of ibuprofen through human skin. This increase in diffusion was greater than for controls where an equivalent increase in temperature was utilized. The results also indicate that evaporation of vehicle components may alter the skin/vehicle partition coefficient, decreasing the effects of ultrasound on the penetration of ibuprofen through the skin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 79
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: Telenomus reynoldsi ; functional response ; Holling disc equation ; random parasite equation ; temperature ; Telenomus reynoldsi ; réponse fonctionnelle ; équation de Holling ; équation de la recherche au hasard de l'hôte ; température
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La réponse fonctionnelle deTelenomus reynoldsi Gordh et Coker à l'augmentation de la densité des œufs deGeocoris punctipes (Say) a été déterminée à 5 températures constantes en utilisant des boîtes de Pétri. Les courbes obtenues à toutes les températures étaient de Type II. Les durées du parasitisme (Th) et les taux de recherche de l'hôte (a) ont été estimés et comparés en utilisant l'équation «disc» de Holling. Le taux maximum du parasitisme (1/Th) s'est accru linéairement de 9 à 15 hôtes/jour avec l'accroissement de la température. La meilleure représentation de la relation entre le taux de recherche de l'hôte et la température a été obtenue par une équation quadratique. Le taux de recherche de l'hôte variait de 205 à 888 cm2/jour; il était maximum à 32° C. En utilisant l'équation du «random parasite» (parasite recherchant son hôte au hasard), l'analyse de la réponse fonctionnelle dans un terrain plus complexe contenant une plante artificielle, a conduit à des estimations plus précises du taux de recherche de l'hôte et du taux maximum du parasitisme, qui peuvent être utilisées pour décrire ces activités dans la nature. Le taux de la recherche de l'hôte était de 6680 cm2/jour, tandis que le taux maximum du parasitisme était de 13 hôtes/jour.
    Notes: Abstract The functional response ofTelenomus reynoldsi Gordh & Coker was determined at 5 constant temperatures using a dish arena. Functional response curves at all temperatures were of Holling's Type II. Handling rate increased linearly with increasing temperature, whereas the relationship of search rate to temperature was best described by a quadratic model. Search rate was highest at 32°C. Using Rogers' random parasite equation, analysis of the functional response in a more complex arena containing an artificial plant provided estimates of search and handling rates that may be more appropriate in the field environment. Search rate was 6,680 cm2/day. Handling rate was 13 hosts/day.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 80
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: Notonecta ; embryos ; temperature ; Notonecta ; embryon ; température ; Notonecta ; embriones ; temperatura
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les œufs deNotonecta unifasciata Guérin à différents stades de développment embryonnaire maintenus dans l'eau à des températures variables (2,2–25 °C) et durant de 4 à 12 semaines révèlent une viabilité maximale (〉80 %) à la température la plus forte. Cependant, la viabilité optimale sans développement se situait à 14.4 °C avec des embryons âgés de 8 jours (〉35 %). Un court stockage (4 semaines) à 14.4 °C augmente d'une façon significative la viabilité de l'œuf. La survie était faible (〈20 %) aux 2 températures les plus basses. Des œufs maintenus à 14.4 °C durant 12 semaines et supportant environ 50 % de mortalité peuvent être un procédé pratique de lutte biologique.
    Abstract: Resúmen Huevecillos deNotonecta unifasciata mantenidos en varios estadios del desarrollo embrionarios y a varias temperaturas (2.2–25.6 °C) por 4–12 semanas, demostraron la mayor viabilidad (〉80 %) a la temperatura más alta. Sín embargo, la óptima viabilidad cuando no hubo desarrollo, se realizó en embriones de ocho días de edad, mantenidos a 14.4 °C. Almacenamiento de corto tiempo (cuatro semanas) a 14.4 °C se produjo un significante aumento de viabilidad. Superviviencia fué baja (〈20 %) a temperaturas menos de 8.3 °C. Se ofrece que huevecillos almacenados a 14.4 °C por 12 semanas, cuales se realizan un 50 % mortalidad, puede servir en la ejecución del control biológico.
    Notes: Abstract Notonecta unifasciata Guerin eggs maintained at different stages of embryonic development in water at variable temperatures (2.2–25.6 °C) and for periods of 4–12 weeks revealed maximum viability (〉80 %) at the highest temperature. However, optimum nondevelopmental viability was at 14.4 °C with eight-day-old embryos (〉35 %). Short term (4 weeks) storage at 14.4 °C significantly increased egg viability. Survival was poor (〈20 %) at the 2 lowest temperatures. Eggs held at 14.4 °C for 12 weeks and sustainingca. 50 % mortality, may be a practical procedure for biological control.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 81
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: Anagyrus pseudococci ; Leptomastix dactylopii ; Leptomastidea abnormis ; temperature ; adult longevity ; progeny production ; Anagyrus pseudococci ; Leptomastix dactylopii ; Leptomastidea abnormis ; température ; longévité des adultes ; descendance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La descendance augmente et la longévité de l'adulte décroît quand la température augmente entre 18°C et 30°C pour les 3 parasitoïdes de pseudococcines,Anagyrus pseudococci, (Girault),Leptomastix dactylopii Howard etLeptomastidea abnormis Girault. La distribution de Weibull donnait une bonne adaptation aux courbes de suvies pour les 3 parasitoïdes et la comparaison statistique à différentes températures des paramètresb etc de Weibull permettaient des changements dans l'échelle et la forme des courbes. En général les ♀♀ des 3 espèces vivaient plus longtemps que les ♂♂, excepté aux fortes températures. Les femelles deL. abnormis avaient leur descendance maximale à 24°C et la maintenaient à ce niveau jusqu'à 34°C. Elles vivaient plus longtemps que les 2 autres espèces de parasitoïdes à 30°C et manifestaient une courbe de survie de type I dans la gamme de températures examinées.A. pseudococci etL. dactylopii réclamaient tous deux de fortes températures (30°C) pour atteindre leur descendance maximale, mais vivaient moins longtemps à cette température. A 30°C les importante de la population qui mourrait dans les tous premiers jours.L. dactylopii vivait le plus longtemps à 26°C, les femelles manifestant une courbe de survie de type I à toutes les températures, tandis que les courbes de survie des mâles passaient du type I au type II à 30°C. Les implications de ces observations dans la dynamique des populations des différents parasitoïdes sont discutées brièvement.
    Notes: Abstract Progeny production increased and adult longevity decreased with rising temperature within the range 18°C to 30°C for the 3 mealybug parasitoidsAnagyrus pseudococci (Girault),Leptomastix dactylopii Howard andLeptomastidea abnormis (Girault). The Weibull distribution gave a good fit to survival curves for the 3 parasitoids and statistical comparison of Weibullb andc parameters at different temperatures allowed changes in the scale and shape of the curves to be detected. In general, ♀♀ lived longer than ♂♂ for all 3 species, except at high temperature. FemaleL. abnormis attained their maximum progeny production at 24°C and maintained this level up to 34°C. They lived longer than the other 2 parasitoid species at 30°C and showed a type I survival curve throuhout the range of temperatures examined.A. pseudococci andL. dactylopii both required high temperatures (30°C) to attain their maximal progeny production, but werepseudococci tended towards type II, with a larger proportion of the population dying within the first few days.L. dactylopii lived longest at 26°C, with ♀♀ showing a type I survival curve at all temperatures and ♂ survival curves changing from type I to type II at 30°C. The implications of these findings for the population dynamics of the different parasitoids are briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 82
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 48 (1988), S. 73-84 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Liriomyza trifolii ; Agromyzidae ; Diptera ; temperature ; thresholds ; life history ; feeding ; intrinsic rate of increase ; tomato ; host-plant suitability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La vitesse de développement, la mortalité, l'alimentation, la fécondité et la longévité de L. trifolii (Burgess) élevés sur plants de tomates du cultivar ‘Moneydor’ ont été examinées au laboratoire sous 3 températures constantes (15°C, 20°C et 25°C) et une thermopériode (16/22°C, moyenne 19,5°C). Les taux de développement et les seuils de chaque stade ont été déterminés à partir des droites de régressions. Aucune corrélation n'a été mise en évidence entre ces variables biologiques et la taille des pupes. De plus, certaines données sur la biologie de L. trifolii sont fournies et discutées. Le taux intrinsèque d'accroissement, rm a varié de-0,0023 oeuf viable/femelle/jour à 15°C à 0,1254 oeuf viable/femelle/jour à 25°C et la reproduction nette de 1 oeuf femelle viable/femelle à 15°C à 26 oeufs femelles viables/femelle à 25°C. La durée d'une génération a varié de 48 jours à 15°C à 24 j à 25°C. 90% de la ponte a eu lieu dans les 115 premiers degrés jours de la vie imaginale à 20 et 25°C. La fécondité et la longévité étaient fortement liées au nombre de piqûres nutritionnelles. Ces résultats montrent que la tomate est un hôte convenable permettant aux populations de L. trifolii de se développer lorsque la température est supérieure à 16°C.
    Notes: Abstract The effects of three constant (15°C, 20°C and 25°C) and one alternating (16–22°C, mean 19.5°C) temperatures on development, mortality, feeding, fecundity and longevity of Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) on tomato plants cv. ‘Moneydor’ were examined in the laboratory. Development rates and thresholds for each instar were estimated by means of linear regression. No correlation was found between life history variables and pupal length. Further, data on the biology of L. trifolii are given and discussed. The intrinsic rate of increase, rm, varied from-0.0023 viable female eggs/⧫/day at 15°C to 0.1254 eggs/⧫/day at 25°C and net reproduction from one viable female egg/⧫ at 15°C to 26 eggs/⧫ at 20°C. Generation time varied from 48 days at 15°C to 24 days at 25°C. Ninety % oviposition occurred within the first 115 degree-days of adult life at both 20°C and 25°C. Fecundity and longevity were highly correlated with the number of feeding punctures. The data indicate that tomato is a suitable host plant allowing populations of L. trifolii to increase if temperatures are above 16°C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 83
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Hymenoptera ; Encyrtidae ; parasitoids ; Pseudococcidae ; mealybugs ; Anagyrus pseudococci ; Leptomastix dactylopii ; Leptomastidea abnormis ; temperature ; predicting development ; thresholds ; temperate glasshouses
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les vitesses de développement de 3 parasitoïdes de cochenilles ont été étudiées dans les conditions de température de serre, avec thermopériode ou en température constante. En conditions constantes, la vitesse augmente jusqu'à 35°C, mais est létale à 40°C. Avec thermopériode, une thermophase de 40°C peut être tolérée pendant 12 heures. Les vitesses de développement sous thermopériodes pourraient être calculées à partir des données obtenues en conditions constantes, modifiées en fonction des durées respectives des cryophases et thermophases. Une méthode originale est présentée pour obtenir les seuils inférieurs de développement, en utilisant des thermopériodes, et pour calculer les vitesses de développement à températures élevées. Une méthode de régression polynomiale, non vérifiée préalablement, a été utilisée pour prévoir les durées moyennes des développements sous serre. Ces estimations sont beaucoup plus sûres que les prédictions basées sur le concept de degré-jour (Do), lorsque les températures extrêmes durent longtemps, mais en serre chaude elles ne présentent aucune différence significative. De plus, une méthode d'évaluation des 95% d'émergences, a donné de bonnes estimations des premières et dermières émergences en conditions périodiques.
    Notes: Abstract Developmental rates of three encyrtid mealybug parasitoids were examined under constant, cycling and glasshouse temperatures. Under constant conditions the rate of development increased with rising temperature up to 35°C, but a constant 40°C was lethal. Under cycling conditions, 12 h periods at 40°C could be tolerated. Developmental rates under cycling conditions could be calculated from constant temperature data, by incrementing development on an h/h basis. A new technique was developed to determine the lower thresholds for development, using cycling regimes and to calculate the rates of development over short periods at high temperature. A previously untested polynomial regression technique was used to predict mean developmental periods under glasshouse conditions. These predictions were considerably more accurate than day-degree (Do) predictions when substantial periods at extreme temperatures were involved, but not significantly different from day-degree predictions under ‘hot-house’ conditions. In addition a method was developed to calculate a 95% range for emergence, which gave consistently good estimates of first and last eclosion observed under fluctuating conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 84
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 47 (1988), S. 173-182 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Bembidion lampros ; Pterostichus cupreus ; Carabidae ; Coleoptera ; behaviour ; temperature ; searching ; consumption ; cereal aphid ; Rhopalosiphum padi ; prey ; density ; barley
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les taux maximum de consommation de R. padi L. à différentes températures ont été déterminés au laboratoire chez deux carabes, B. lampros Herbstet P. cupreus L. La consommation moyenne a augmenté avec la température chez les deux espèces, B. lampros consommant un maximum de 15,9 larves des stades 1 à 3 et 9,1 pucerons adultes aptères, à 25°C. P. cupreus a été particulièrement vorace et a consommé 125,3 adultes aptères par jour à 20°C. Le comportement des deux espèces a été observé en filmant en vidéo des carabes à jeun, maintenus à différentes températures constantes, dans des enceintes semées en orge de printemps. Des éléments du comportement, communs aux deux espèces, ont été définis: 1) immabilité, 2) marche et course, 3) recherche, 4) affrontement. P. cupreus a été plus actif à toutes les températures, B. lamprosa été inactif au-dessous de 10°C. La part de temps consacrée à la recherche, le nombre de plantes prospectées, et la vitesse ont augmenté avec la température chez les deux espèces. Dans des enceintes similaires colonisées par R. padi, P. cupreus a significativement augmenté le temps consacré à la recherche dans les enceintes, parallèlement à l'augmentation de la densité des pucerons. Après la découverte d'une colonie de pucerons, P. cupreus escalade et prospecte la plante et ses voisines immédiates; tandis que les plantes des enceintes sans pucerons sont rarement escaladées. B. lampros n'a pas été observé escaladant des plantes d'enceintes avec ou sans pucerons, et il n'a pas accru son temps de prospection en fonction de la densité de pucerons. Les quelques B. lampros qui ont capturé des pucerons l'ont fait lorsque ceux-ci marchaient sur la surface du sol. La discussion a porté sur l'efficacité relative des deux carabes comme prédateurs de R. padi, et les résultats ont été comparés à ceux d'études du même type, menées ailleurs, avec des prédateurs de Sitobion avenae sur blé d'hiver.
    Notes: Abstract Maximum consumption rates were determined for two carabids, Bembidion lampros Herbst. and Pterostichus cupreus L., feeding on the cereal aphid Rhopalosiphum padi L. at different temperatures in the laboratory. Mean daily consumption increased with increasing temperature for both species, B. lampros consuming a maximum of 16 1–3 instar nymphs and 9 apterous adult aphids at 25°C. P. cupreus was particularly voracious and consumed 125 apterous adult R. padi per day at 20°C. The behaviour of both species was analysed by video filming starved beetles, maintained at different constant temperatures, in arenas sown with spring barley. The behavioural components (1) still; (2) run/walk; (3) search and (4) confrontation were identified and were common to both species. P. cupreus was more active over the temperature range tested; B. lampros was inactive under 10°C. The proportion of time spent searching, number of plants searched, and velocity increased with increasing temperature for both species. When observed in similar arenas seeded with R. padi colonies, individuals of P. cupreus significantly increased their time spent searching in arenas with increasing aphid density. Following discovery of an aphid colony, individuals climbed and searched the host plant and its nearest neighbours. Plants in aphid free arenas were rarely climbed. B. lampros was not observed climbing in either aphid free arenas or in arenas with increasing aphid densities, and did not significantly increase its time spent searching in response to increased prey density. The few B. lampros that found aphids caught them walking on the soil surface. The relative efficiences of these two carabids as predators of R. padi are discussed, and the results are compared with similar studies elsewhere with predators of Sitobion avenae on winter wheat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 85
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 17 (1988), S. 251-266 
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: Zinc ; controlled-release ; diffusion ; pH ; temperature ; phosphate ; clay ; sand ; moisture content
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The emission and movement of zinc from planar arrangements of controlled-release (C.R.) thermoplastic matrix zinc fertilizer formulations was studied in cylindrical diffusion cells packed with a clay or a sand. The influences of a number of soil characteristics known to affect zinc diffusion were also investigated. Zinc emission was initially (over 2 days) very rapid. The rate declined markedly thereafter. Morphologically distinct C.R. zinc formulations released zinc at different rates. Zinc moved appreciably and consistently further in the sand than in the clay. Of the soil characteristics studied, increasing phosphate levels had no effect upon zinc emission or mobility in either soil. Increasing pH in the sand did not affect zinc emission, but decreased zinc mobility. Conversely, in the two soils, increasing temperature stimulated zinc emission, but had little influence on zinc mobility. At higher water contents, zinc release was increased in both soils. However, zinc movement was only increased in the sand.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 86
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Middle atmosphere ; temperature ; neutral and ion composition ; turbulent transfer ; model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Using a numerical model for temperature and neutral and ion composition behaviour at middle atmospheric heights, an analysis has been made of the dependence of atmospheric structural parameters on temperature, solar activity, and on turbulent transfer intensity. For mesospheric heights, an inverse dependence of the nitric oxide density on the temperature has been found. It is thus possible to explain experimentally obtained temperature variations over a cyclc of solar activity at mesospheric and lower thermospheric heights. Numerical simulation results indicate that the temperature in the height range ∼75–120 km depends considerably on both the absolute values of turbulent transfer coefficients and their vertical gradients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 87
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 103 (1988), S. 149-158 
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: H+ pump ; K+ channel ; light ; Nitella ; temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary At membrane potentials different fromE K, the temperature effect on membrane potential ofNitella consists of two components. One of them changes its sign atE K, the other one does not. This leads to the assignment of these components to changes in the K+ channel and in the H+ pump, respectively. It is shown that the fast time constant (3 to 30 sec) of the temperature effect on the H+ pump measured as a change in membrane potential and that of the temperature effect on the K+ channel measured as a change in resistance (having about twice the value of that of the pump) are sensitive to light intensity. Both time constants measured inNitella become smaller if light intensity increases from 0 to 15 Wm−2. This supports the suggestion of Fisahn and Hansen (J. Exp. Bot. 37:440–460, 1986) that temperature acts on plasmalemma transport via photosynthesis via the same mechanism as light does.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 88
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 101 (1988), S. 67-72 
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: hemolysis ; membrane ; erythrocyte ; pyrexia ; phospholipid ; phase transition ; unilamellar ; temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Rates of human red blood cell hemolysis were measured as a function of temperature. Three distinct temperature intervals for hemolysis were noted: a) At temperatures equal to or less than 37°C no hemolysis was observed for the duration of the incubation (30 hr). b) For temperatures exceeding 45°C hemolysis rates are rapid and are accompanied by gross changes in cellular morphology. The activation energy for hemolysis is 80 kcal/mole; this value is characteristic of protein denaturation and enzyme inactivation suggesting that these processes contribute to hemolysis at these high temperatures. c) Between 38 and 45°C the energy of activation is 29 kcal/mole, indicating that a fundamentally different process than protein inactivation is responsible for hemolysis at these relatively low temperatures. A mechanism based on the concept of the critical bilayer assembly temperature of cell membranes (N.L. Gershfeld,Biophys. J. 50:457–461, 1986) accounts for hemolysis at these relatively mild temperatures: The unilamellar state of the membrane is stable at 37°C, but is transformed to a multibilayer when the temperature is raised; hemolysis results because formation of the multibilayer requires exposing lipid-free areas of the erythrocyte surface. An analysis of the activation energy for hemolysis is presented that is consistent with the proposed unilamellar-multibilayer transformation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 89
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: rooting ; temperature ; daylength ; transplanting ; yield
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A series of experiments were conducted in Vietnam to develop a system whereby detached sprouts from physiologically old green sprouted seed tubers could be used to grow potatoes. Three node segments from the mid or basal portion of the detached sprout produced the greatest percentage of shoots and roots. Growth was best in a medium of equal parts of sub-soil, pig manure and brick kiln ash. Sprout cuttings produced plantlets ready for transplanting in 14–20 days with mean daily temperatures of 22 to 24°C. When transplanted in mid-November, yields from sprout cuttings in field experiments were 10 to 18 t/ha which were 33% lower than from healthy seed tubers but more than the national average yield using degenerated seed tubers. Tubers produced by plants grown from sprout stored well and gave good yields when replanted the following year.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 90
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Simultaneous distillation-extraction ; Cheese volatiles
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A simultaneous distillation-extraction apparatus proposed by Godefroot has been used for the GC study of volatile components of cheese. 5–10 g of cheese provide a fraction that can be directly injected into a GC or a GC/MS. Two capillary columns (SE-30 and SP-1000) were evaluated, the second one being adequate for quantitative determinations. Camphor was used as internal standard. The coefficients of variation ranged from 1.4 to 11.8. The technique can be used as a fast method for the characterization of cheeses from their volatile component concentrations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 91
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 25 (1988), S. 1087-1088 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Log plot ; Homologous series
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The slope of the log plot of the adjusted retention time of a homologous series usually varies from that of the n-alkane series by no more than 2%, though with unusual interactions between the functional group and the stationary phase the difference may be as high as 7%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 92
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Preparative scale separations ; Plate model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Two close-boiling materials, diethyl ether (DEE) and dichloromethane (DCM), were separated to investigate the effects of the pure components and the mixture on elution in preparative gas-liquid chromatography. Nitrogen was used as the carrier gas, and the chromatographic column (1 cm I.D. and 0.75m length) was packed with Chromosorb A with different quantities of dinonyl phthalate stationary phase and particle sizes. Below ca. 7% (by wt.) of feed concentration, the experimental elution curves of pure DEE and DCM were almost the same as those of the mixture, and the theoretical plate model can be used successfully to predict the elution curves.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 93
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 25 (1988), S. 404-408 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Silica surface modification ; Hexamethylcyclotrisilazane ; Hexamethyldisilazane ; Support materials
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The paper is concerned with the structure of an organic layer bonded to the silica surface modified with silazanes. The changes of the retention volumes of hydrocarbons is studied for the silicas modified with hexamethylcyclotrisilazane, hexamethyldisilazane and their mixtures. It is shown that most of the carbon in the layer after hexamethylcyclotrisilazane modification is bonded to the surface by Si−O−Si bonds. This fact supports the assumption of a fragmentation of the cyclosilane used for modification.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 94
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Statistical criteria ; Non-linear models ; Constants for n-alkane retention curve ; Multiparametric least-squares adjustment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Multiparametric, least-squares, regression treatment of G.C. data is extended to describe deviations from the usual linear model. Through statistical evaluation of results, four parameters models are generally found adequate and the use of higher degree empirical models is discouraged.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 95
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 25 (1988), S. 539-542 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Temperature programming ; Retention index
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A method is presented for the calculation of retention indices at an assigned temperature from temperature-programmed data. If the retention times at two different program rates for the solutes and the n-alkanes are known, the retention indices at an assigned temperature can be calculated directly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 96
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 26 (1988), S. 125-132 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Non-equilibrium frontal chromatography ; Nonlinear isotherms ; Variable velocity ; Multicomponent mixtures
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The paper presents a classification of various theoretical models for multicomponent gas chromatography at u=var for high concentrations of the mixture components with consideration of the major distinctive features of the interphase mass exchange inside the porous grains of the adsorbent and outside them within the porous medium of the chromatographic column. It has been shown that the conditions determining a given front behaviour of multicomponent gas mixture at u=var depend on: theoretical models for the kinetics and dynamics of adsorption; the values of mass exchange parameters inside the porous grains and in the porous medium. Formulae have been derived for calculating the values of the quantities characterising the frontal behaviour in the stage of adsorption and desorption of multicomponent mixture at u=var.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 97
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Circular dichroism ; gelatin ; sodium alkyl sulphates ; aqueousgelatinsolutions ; secondary structure ; pH ; temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The modification of the triple helical structure in aqueous gelatin solutions by changing pH and adding alkyl sulphates at 298 K and after rechilling the solution to 283 K was investigated by CD-measurement. At 298 K the triple helical content at the IEP of the gelatin has its maximum value. It is only weakly affected by adding sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDDS) at concentrations 〈10−4 M/dm3. The unfolding of the triple helix affected by pH and SDDS is reversible by rechilling the solution. The triple helical content of gelatin solutions decreases at SDDS concentrations higher than 10−4 M/dm3. In all cases the decrease of the amount of triple helical structure is connected with an increase of the cis-configuration in single chains and leads to chain reversals. At sufficiently high SDDS concentrationsβ-sheets are formed. These changes are thermally irreversible. Sodium decyl sulphate (SDS) has a more minor influence than SDDS except in the range of the c.m.c. of SDS. At sufficiently high SDS concentrations,β-turns appear.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 98
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: arctic ; Eriophorum ; pH ; phosphatases ; phosphorus ; PNPPase ; root enzymes ; temperature ; tundra
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Eriophorum vaginatum L. subsp.spissum (Fern.) Hult., a dominant plant in arctic tundra ecosystems, has acid phosphatase activity evenly distributed along its root surface from the root tip to a distance at least 16 cm from the tip. These root surface phosphatases have optimal activity from pH 3.5 to 4.0; mean soil pH for soil samples collected with roots was 3.69. Apparent energy of activation and Q10 values (14.0 kcal mol−1 and 2.2, respectively) do not provide evidence for temperature acclimation, but substantial phosphatase activity was measured at 1°C. Kinetic parameters determined for this root surface phosphatase were as follows: Km=9.23 mM, Vmax=1.61×10−3 μmoles mm−2h−1. The presence of inorganic phosphorus in the assay medium did not inhibit root surface phosphatase activity except at very high concentrations (100 mM); even then, only slight inhibition was detected (7 to 19%). A comparison of hydrolysis rates with inorganic phosphate assimilation rates measured forE. vaginatum indicates that organic phosphate hydrolysis may occur at approximately one third the rate of inorganic phosphate absorption. Calculations show that inorganic phosphate produced by root surface phosphatase activity may satisfy 65% of the annual phosphate demand ofE. vaginatum. Since arctic tundra soils are typically higher in dissolved organic phosphorus compounds than in inorganic phosphate, root surface phosphatase activity may make a considerable contribution to the phosphate nutrition of this widespread and abundant arctic plant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant and soil 109 (1988), S. 139-140 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: emergence ; germination ; Glycine max ; soybean ; seed ; temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract ‘Bragg’ and ‘Cobb’ soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seeds were germinated in sand at temperatures ranging from 25 to 40°C. Emergence decreased with increasing temperature above 37°C, with virtually no emergence at 40°C. Emergence of 12 other cultivars at 38°C ranged from 25 to 95%. ‘Foster and ‘Coker 338’ were more sensitive to high temperature than the other cultivars.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant and soil 109 (1988), S. 227-234 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: acetylene reduction ; diurnal cycles ; nitrogen fixation ; oxygen permeability ; photosynthesis ; temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract While diurnal cycles in nitrogen fixation rates are sometimes assumed to result from diurnal variation in photosynthetically active radiation, contradicting evidence exists that indicate soil temperature is the primary environmental influence. These studies assessed the significance of temperature on soybean nitrogen fixation under field conditions. Two groups of intact field-grown soybean plants, one at ambient and the other exposed to a 10°C diurnal variation in soil temperature, were nondestructively assayed for acetylene reduction rates. Activity was closely associated with soil temperature (R2=0.85), even when temperature was 12 h out of phase with ambient. Data were also obtained to determine if the effects of rhizosphere temperature on nitrogen fixation are mediated through an effect on the nodule oxygen permeability. Nodule oxygen permeability of intact, aeroponically grown soybean was closely correlated with the diurnal changes in temperature (R2=0.90).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...