ALBERT

2

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Early-middle Holocene land snail shell stable isotope record from Grotta di Latronico 3 (southern Italy) (2011)

Colonese, A. C. ; Zanchetta, G. ; Dotsika, E. ; [weitere]

Wiley

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Publikationsdatum: 2021-04-07

Beschreibung: This paper compares stable isotope (δ18O and δ13C) records of early–middle Holocene land snail shells from the archaeological deposits of Grotta di Latronico 3 (LTR3; southern Italy) with modern shell isotopic data. No substantial interspecific variability was observed in shell δ18O (δ18Os) of modern specimens (Pomatias elegans, Cornu aspersum, Eobania vermiculata, Helix ligata and Marmorana fuscolabiata). In contrast, interspecific shell δ13C (δ13Cs) variability was significant, probably due to different feeding behaviour among species. The δ18Os values of living land snails suggest that species hibernate for a long period during colder months, so that the signal of 18O-depleted winter rainfall in their δ18Os is lost. This suggests that δ18Os and δ13Cs values of Pomatias elegans from this archaeological succession provide valuable clues for seasonal (spring–autumn) climatic conditions during the early–middle Holocene. The δ18Os values of fossil specimens are significantly lower than in modern shells and in agreement with other palaeoclimatic records, suggesting a substantial increase of precipitation and/or persistent changes in air mass source trajectories over this region between ca. 8.8 cal ka BP and 6.2–6.7 ka ago. The δ13Cs trend suggests a transition from a slightly 13C-enriched to a 13C-depleted diet between early and middle Holocene compared to present conditions. We postulate that this δ13Cs trend might reflect changes in the C3 vegetation community, potentially combined with other environmental factors such as regional moisture increase and the progressive decrease of atmospheric CO2 concentration. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 1347-1359

Beschreibung: 3.7. Dinamica del clima e dell'oceano

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: reserved

Schlagwort(e): central Mediterranean ; archaeological succession ; land snail shells ; stable isotopes ; palaeoclimate ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.03. Global climate models

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

Materialart: article

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Development and decline of the ancient Harbor of Neapolis (2018)

Di Donato, Valentino ; Ruello, Maria Letizia ; Liuzza, Viviana ; [weitere]

Wiley

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Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-14

Beschreibung: Archaeological exavations,undertaken since 2004 for the construction of the new Naples subway

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 542-557

Beschreibung: 1V. Storia eruttiva

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Schlagwort(e): A.D.79 eruption ; compositional data analysis ; geoarchaeology ; 04.08. Volcanology

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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New coring study in Augusta Bay expands understanding of offshore tsunami deposits (Eastern Sicily, Italy) (2019)

Smedile, Alessandra ; Molisso, F. ; Chagué, C. ; [weitere]

Wiley

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Publikationsdatum: 2021-01-25

Beschreibung: Tsunami deposits present an important archive for understanding tsunami histories and dynamics. Most research in this field has focused on onshore preserved remains, while the offshore deposits have received less attention. In 2009, during a coring campaign with theItalian Navy Magnaghi, four 1 m long gravity cores (MG cores) were sampled from the northern part of Augusta Bay, along a transect in 60 to 110 m water depth. These cores were taken in the same area where a core (MS06) was collected in 2007 about 2.3 km offshore Augusta at a water depth of 72 m below sea level. Core MS06 consisted of a 6.7 m long sequence that included 12 anomalous intervals interpreted as the primary effect of tsunami backwash waves in the last 4500 years. In this study, tsunami deposits were identified, based on sedimentology and displaced benthic foraminifera (as for core MS06) reinforced by X-ray fluorescence data. Two erosional surfaces (L1 and L2) were recognized coupled with grain size increase, abundant Posidonia oceanica seagrass remains and a significant amount of Nubecularia lucifuga, an epiphytic sessile benthic foraminifera considered to be transported from the inner shelf. The occurrence of Ti/Ca and Ti/Sr increments, coinciding with peaks in organic matter (Mo inc/coh) suggests terrestrial run-off coupled with an input of organic matter. The L1 and L2 horizons were attributed to two distinct historical tsunamis (AD 1542 and AD 1693) by indirect age-estimation methods using 210Pb profiles and the comparison of Volume Magnetic Susceptibility data between MG cores and MS06 cores. One most recent bioturbated horizon (Bh), despite not matching the above listed interpretative features, recorded an important palaeoenvironmental change that may correspond to the AD 1908 tsunami. These findings reinforce the value of offshore sediment records as an underutilized resource for the identification of past tsunamis.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 1553-1576

Beschreibung: 6T. Studi di pericolosità sismica e da maremoto

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Schlagwort(e): Eastern Sicily ; tsunami ; foraminifera ; sedimentology ; XRF core scanning ; 04.04. Geology

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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New insights into fault activation and stress transfer between en echelon thrusts: The 2012 Emilia, Northern Italy, earthquake sequence (2018)

Cheloni, Daniele ; Giuliani, Roberta ; D'Agostino, Nicola ; [weitere]

Wiley

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Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-17

Beschreibung: Here we present the results of the inversion of a new geodetic data set covering the 2012 Emilia seismic sequence and the following 1 year of postseismic deformation. Modeling of the geodetic data together with the use of a catalog of 3-D relocated aftershocks allows us to constrain the rupture geometries and the coseismic and postseismic slip distributions for the two main events (Mw 6.1 and 6.0) of the sequence and to explore how these thrust events have interacted with each other. Dislocation modeling reveals that the first event ruptured a slip patch located in the center of the Middle Ferrara thrust with up to 1 m of reverse slip. The modeling of the second event, located about 15 km to the southwest, indicates a main patch with up to 60 cm of slip initiated in the deeper and flatter portion of the Mirandola thrust and progressively propagated postseismically toward the top section of the rupture plane, where most of the aftershocks and afterslip occurred. Our results also indicate that between the two main events, a third thrust segment was activated releasing a pulse of aseismic slip equivalent to a Mw 5.8 event. Coulomb stress changes suggest that the aseismic event was likely triggered by the preceding main shock and that the aseismic slip event probably brought the second fault closer to failure. Our findings show significant correlations between static stress changes and seismicity and suggest that stress interaction between earthquakes plays a significant role among continental en echelon thrusts.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 4742–4766

Beschreibung: 1T. Deformazione crostale attiva

Beschreibung: 2T. Sorgente Sismica

Beschreibung: 3T. Storia Sismica

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Schlagwort(e): continental tectonics ; source geometry ; geodetic modeling ; coulomb stress ; 04. Solid Earth

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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RRS James Cook Cruise JC094, October 13 – November 30 2013, Tenerife - Trinidad. TROPICS, Tracing Oceanic Processes using Corals and Sediments. Reconstructing abrupt Changes in Chemistry and Circulation of the Equatorial Atlantic Ocean: Implications for global Climate and deep-water Habitats (2014)

6

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Robinson, Laura F

PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-05-17

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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Data supplement (2014)

Shrestha, Utta Babu

PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-06-20

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev

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Remote sensing of aerosols in the Arctic for an evaluation of global climate model simulations (2014)

Glantz, Paul ; Bourassa, Adam ; Herber, Andreas ; [weitere]

Wiley

In: EPIC3Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, Wiley, 119(13), pp. 8169-8188, ISSN: 0148-0227

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Publikationsdatum: 2020-03-05

Beschreibung: In this study MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Aqua retrievals of aerosol optical thickness (AOT) at 555 nm are compared to sun-photometer measurements from Svalbard for a period of 9 years. For the 642 daily coincident measurements that were obtained, MODIS AOT generally varies within the predicted uncertainty of the retrieval over ocean (ΔAOT = ±0.03 ± 0.05 · AOT). The results from the remote sensing have been used to examine the accuracy in estimates of aerosol optical properties in the Arctic, generated by global climate models and from in-situ measurements at the Zeppelin station, Svalbard. AOT simulated with the Norwegian Earth System Model (NorESM1-M)/ CAM4-Oslo global climate model does not reproduce the observed seasonal variability of the Arctic aerosol. The model overestimates clear-sky AOT by nearly a factor of 2 for the background summer season, while tending to underestimate the values in the spring season. Furthermore, large differences in all-sky AOT of up to one order of magnitude are found for the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) model ensemble for the spring and summer seasons. Large differences between satellite/ground-based remote sensing of AOT and AOT estimated from dry and humidified scattering coefficients are found for the subarctic marine boundary layer in summer.

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Particle flux characterisation and sedimentation patterns of protistan plankton during the iron fertilisation experiment LOHAFEX in the Southern Ocean, doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2014.04.007, supplementary material (2014)

Ebersbach, Friederike ; Assmy, Philipp ; Martin, Patrick ; [weitere]

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-06-25

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Climate sensitivity across marine domains of life: limits to evolutionary adaptation shape species interactions, supplementary material (2014)

Storch, Daniela ; Menzel, Lena ; Frickenhaus, Stephan ; [weitere]

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-06-27

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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Spatial database of canopy plant densities in Galapagos in 2011, focussing on invasive species and using satellite data (2014)

Trueman, Mandy ; et al, ...

PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-07-08

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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12

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Climate sensitivity across marine domains of life: limits to evolutionary adaptation shape species interactions (2014)

Storch, Daniela ; Menzel, Lena ; Frickenhaus, Stephan ; [weitere]

Wiley

In: EPIC3Global Change Biology, Wiley, ISSN: 1365-2486

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-16

Beschreibung: Organisms in all domains, Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya will respond to climate change with differential vulnerabilities resulting in shifts in species distribution, coexistence, and interactions. The identification of unifying principles of organism functioning across all domains would facilitate a cause and effect understanding of such changes and their implications for ecosystem shifts. For example, the functional specialization of all organisms in limited temperature ranges leads us to ask for unifying functional reasons. Organisms also specialize in either anoxic or various oxygen ranges, with animals and plants depending on high oxygen levels. Here, we identify thermal ranges, heat limits of growth, and critically low (hypoxic) oxygen concentrations as proxies of tolerance in a meta-analysis of data available for marine organisms, with special reference to domain-specific limits. For an explanation of the patterns and differences observed, we define and quantify a proxy for organismic complexity across species from all domains. Rising complexity causes heat (and hypoxia) tolerances to decrease from Archaea to Bacteria to uni- and then multicellular Eukarya. Within and across domains, taxon-specific tolerance limits likely reflect ultimate evolutionary limits of its species to acclimatization and adaptation. We hypothesize that rising taxon-specific complexities in structure and function constrain organisms to narrower environmental ranges. Low complexity as in Archaea and some Bacteria provide life options in extreme environments. In the warmest oceans, temperature maxima reach and will surpass the permanent limits to the existence of multicellular animals, plants and unicellular phytoplankter. Smaller, less complex unicellular Eukarya, Bacteria, and Archaea will thus benefit and predominate even more in a future, warmer, and hypoxic ocean.

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Supplementary material (2014)

Biermann, Tobias

PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-07-01

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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14

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Harms, Lars

PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-06-30

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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15

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Potential effects of climate change on the distribution range of the main silicate sinker of the Southern Ocean (2014)

Pinkernell, Stefan ; Beszteri, Bank

Wiley

In: EPIC3Ecology and Evolution, Wiley, 4(16), pp. 3147-3161, ISSN: 2045-7758

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-09-24

Beschreibung: Fragilariopsis kerguelensis, a dominant diatom species throughout the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, is coined to be one of the main drivers of the biological silicate pump. Here, we study the distribution of this important species and expected consequences of climate change upon it, using correlative species distribution modeling and publicly available presence-only data. As experience with SDM is scarce for marine phytoplankton, this also serves as a pilot study for this organism group. Southern Ocean. We used the maximum entropy method to calculate distribution models for the diatom F. kerguelensis based on yearly and monthly environmental data (sea surface temperature, salinity, nitrate and silicate concentrations). Observation data were harvested from GBIF and the Global Diatom Database, and for further analyses also from the Hustedt Diatom Collection (BRM). The models were projected on current yearly and seasonal environmental data to study current distribution and its seasonality. Furthermore, we projected the seasonal model on future environmental data obtained from climate models for the year 2100. Projected on current yearly averaged environmental data, all models showed similar distribution patterns for F. kerguelensis. The monthly model showed seasonality, for example, a shift of the southern distribution boundary toward the north in the winter. Projections on future scenarios resulted in a moderately to negligibly shrinking distribution area and a change in seasonality. We found a substantial bias in the publicly available observation datasets, which could be reduced by additional observation records we obtained from the Hustedt Diatom Collection. Present day distribution patterns inferred from the models coincided well with background knowledge and previous reports about F. kerguelensis distribution, showing that maximum entropy-based distribution models are suitable to map distribution patterns for oceanic planktonic organisms. Our scenario projections indicate moderate effects of climate change upon the biogeography of F. kerguelensis.

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A first Glimpse at the genome of the Baikalian amphipod Eulimnogammarus verrucosus (2014)

Rivarola-Duarte, Lorena ; Otto, Christian ; Jühling, Frank ; [weitere]

Wiley

In: EPIC3Journal of Experimental Zoology Part B: Molecular and Developmental Evolution, Wiley, 322(3), pp. 177-189, ISSN: 1552-5007

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-07-21

Beschreibung: Eulimnogammarus verrucosus is an amphipod endemic to the unique ecosystem of Lake Baikal and serves as an emerging model in ecotoxicological studies. We report here on a survey sequencing of its genome as a first step to establish sequence resources for this species. From a single lane of paired-end sequencing data, we estimated the genome size as nearly 10 Gb and we obtained an overview of the repeat content. At least two-thirds of the genome are non-unique DNA, and a third of the genomic DNA is composed of just five families of repetitive elements, including low-complexity sequences. Attempts to use off-the-shelf assembly tools failed on the available low-coverage data both before and after removal of highly repetitive components. Using a seed-based approach we nevertheless assembled short contigs covering 33 pre-microRNAs and the homeodomain-containing exon of nine Hox genes. The absence of clear evidence for paralogs implies that a genome duplication did not contribute to the large genome size. We furthermore report the assembly of the mitochondrial genome using a new, guided “crystallization” procedure. The initial results presented here set the stage for a more complete sequencing and analysis of this large genome.

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Documentation of GPS measurements at station BREI (2014)

Seitz, Florian

PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-07-17

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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Latent heat exchange in the boreal and arctic biomes (2014)

Kasurinen, Ville ; Alfredsen, Knut ; Kolari, Pasi ; [weitere]

Wiley

In: EPIC3Global Change Biology, Wiley, pp. n/a–n/a, ISSN: 1365-2486

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Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-19

Beschreibung: In this study latent heat flux (λE) measurements made at 65 boreal and arctic eddy-covariance (EC) sites were analyses by using the Penman–Monteith equation. Sites were stratified into nine different ecosystem types: harvested and burnt forest areas, pine forests, spruce or fir forests, Douglas-fir forests, broadleaf deciduous forests, larch forests, wetlands, tundra and natural grasslands. The Penman–Monteith equation was calibrated with variable surface resistances against half-hourly eddy-covariance data and clear differences between ecosystem types were observed. Based on the modeled behavior of surface and aerodynamic resistances, surface resistance tightly control λE in most mature forests, while it had less importance in ecosystems having shorter vegetation like young or recently harvested forests, grasslands, wetlands and tundra. The parameters of the Penman–Monteith equation were clearly different for winter and summer conditions, indicating that phenological effects on surface resistance are important. We also compared the simulated λE of different ecosystem types under meteorological conditions at one site. Values of λE varied between 15% and 38% of the net radiation in the simulations with mean ecosystem parameters. In general, the simulations suggest that λE is higher from forested ecosystems than from grasslands, wetlands or tundra-type ecosystems. Forests showed usually a tighter stomatal control of λE as indicated by a pronounced sensitivity of surface resistance to atmospheric vapor pressure deficit. Nevertheless, the surface resistance of forests was lower than for open vegetation types including wetlands. Tundra and wetlands had higher surface resistances, which were less sensitive to vapor pressure deficits. The results indicate that the variation in surface resistance within and between different vegetation types might play a significant role in energy exchange between terrestrial ecosystems and atmosphere. These results suggest the need to take into account vegetation type and phenology in energy exchange modeling.

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PAGE21 WP5 - Land surface hydrology from remotely sensed data at PAGE21 sites (2014)

Widhalm, B ; Hogström, Elin ; Ressl, Camillo ; [weitere]

PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-08-31

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Inventory of thermo-erosional valleys and streams in three ice-rich permafrost lowlands adjacent to the Laptev Sea (2014)

Morgenstern, Anne ; Grosse, Guido ; Arcos, David Rico ; [weitere]

PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-07-16

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Supplementary Information to: Panter, K.S. et al. (2009) (2014)

Kuhn, Gerhard ; Hoffmann, Stefan ; von Eynatten, Hilmar

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Publikationsdatum: 2018-08-10

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Overview of planned route and research areas (2014)

Knust, Rainer

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-02-06

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supplement to Nature Geoscience (2014)

Knorr, Gregor ; Lohmann, Gerrit

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-08-05

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The California Current Predator Diet Database: Synthesis of Common Forage Species (2014)

Szoboszlai, A I ; et al, ...

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-08-06

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Site map (2014)

Wahl, Martin

PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-01

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Toxic effects of lab-grade butyl rubber stoppers on aerobic methane oxidation (2015)

Niemann, Helge ; Steinle, Lea ; Blees, Jan ; [weitere]

Wiley

In: EPIC3Limnology and Oceanography: Methods, Wiley, 13(1), pp. 40-52, ISSN: 1541-5856

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Publikationsdatum: 2015-02-10

Beschreibung: Methods for measuring aerobic methane oxidation (MOx) rates in aquatic environments are often based on the incubation of water samples, during which the consumption of methane (CH4) is monitored. Typically, incubation vessels are sealed with butyl rubber because these elastomers are essentially impermeable for gases. We report on the potential toxicity of five different commercially available, lab-grade butyl stoppers on MOx activity in samples from marine and lacustrine environments. MOx rates in incubations sealed with non-halogenated butyl were 〉 50% lower compared to parallel incubations with halogenated butyl rubber stoppers, suggesting toxic effects associated with the use of the non-halogenated butyl type. Aqueous extracts of non-halogenated butyl rubber were contaminated with high amounts of various organic compounds including potential bactericides such as benzyltoluenes and phenylalkanes. Comparably small amounts of organic contaminants were liberated from the halogenated butyl rubber stoppers but only two halogenated stopper types were found that did not seem to leach any organics into the incubation medium. Furthermore, the non-halogenated and two types of the halogenated butyl elastomers additionally leached comparably high amounts of zinc. While the source of the apparent toxicity with the use of the non-halogenated rubber stoppers remains elusive, our results indicate that leaching of contaminants from some butyl rubber stoppers can severely interfere with the activity of MOx communities, highlighting the importance of testing rubber stoppers for their respective contamination potential. The impact of leachates from butyl rubber on the assessment of biogeochemical reaction rates other than MOx seems likely but needs to be verified.

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

Materialart: Article , isiRev

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Chollett, Iliana

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-09-23

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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Previews of daily mean Land Surface Temperature data (2014)

Ottlé, Catherine

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-07-02

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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supplementary data (2014)

Rampen, Sebastiaan W.

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-07-04

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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BSRN snapshot readme (2014)

König-Langlo, Gert ; Bücker, Amelie ; Richter, Friedrich ; [weitere]

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-06-19

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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supplementary data (2014)

Neubauer, Thomas A

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-08-19

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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Probability inundation map for a scenario combining storm surge and sea-level rise (2014)

Leon, Javier Xavier ; et al, ...

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-08-24

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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PumaPlex: Raw data generated during the development of the SNP markers (2014)

Fitak, Robert ; et al, ...

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-11-07

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev

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Maniania, Nguya Kalemba

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-08-25

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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Freshwater runoff for Taylor Slough to Florida Bay for 1965 to 2000 for the FATHOM model (supplement) (2014)

Stabenau, Erik

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-08-28

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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Linear Weakening of the AMOC in response to Receding Glacial Ice Sheets in CCSM3 (2014)

Zhu, Jiang ; Liu, Zhengyu ; Zhang, Xu ; [weitere]

Wiley

In: EPIC3Geophysical Research Letters, Wiley, 41(17), pp. 6252-6258, ISSN: 0094-8276

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17

Beschreibung: The transient response of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) to a deglacial ice-sheet retreat is studied using the Community Climate System Model version 3 (CCSM3), with a focus on orographic effects rather than meltwater discharge. It is found that the AMOC weakens significantly (41%) in response to the deglacial ice-sheet retreat. The AMOC weakening follows the decrease of the Northern Hemisphere ice-sheet volume linearly, with no evidence of abrupt thresholds. A wind-driven mechanism is proposed to explain the weakening of the AMOC: lowering the Northern Hemisphere ice sheets induces a northward shift of the westerlies, which causes a rapid eastward sea-ice transport and expanded sea-ice cover over the subpolar North Atlantic; this expanded sea ice insulates the ocean from heat loss and leads to suppressed deep convection and a weakened AMOC. A sea ice-ocean positive feedback could be further established between the AMOC decrease and sea-ice expansion.

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

Materialart: Article , peerRev

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NetCDF supplement to Spatial decorrelation lengths of surfance ocean fCO2 (2014)

Jones, Steve D ; et al, ...

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-07

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Assimilating SMOS sea ice thickness into a coupled ice-ocean model using a local SEIK filter (2014)

Yang, Qinghua ; Losa, Svetlana N. ; Losch, Martin ; [weitere]

Wiley

In: EPIC3Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, Wiley, ISSN: 0148-0227

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17

Beschreibung: The impact of assimilating sea ice thickness data derived from ESA's Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) satellite together with Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder (SSMIS) sea ice concentration data of the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) in a coupled sea ice-ocean model is examined. A period of 3 months from 1 November 2011 to 31 January 2012 is selected to assess the forecast skill of the assimilation system. The 24 h forecasts and longer forecasts are based on the Massachusetts Institute of Technology general circulation model (MITgcm), and the assimilation is performed by a localized Singular Evolutive Interpolated Kalman (LSEIK) filter. For comparison, the assimilation is repeated only with the SSMIS sea ice concentrations. By running two different assimilation experiments, and comparing with the unassimilated model, independent satellite-derived data, and in situ observation, it is shown that the SMOS ice thickness assimilation leads to improved thickness forecasts. With SMOS thickness data, the sea ice concentration forecasts also agree better with observations, although this improvement is smaller.

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Underwater Gear Track Data from PS86 - Processing Report for USBL Posidonia Data on RV “Polarstern” (2014)

Albrecht, Sebastian

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-13

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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The fate of microplastics in the marine isopod Idotea emarginata (2014)

Hämer, Julia ; Gutow, Lars ; Köhler, Angela ; [weitere]

American Chemical Society

In: EPIC3Environmental Science and Technology, American Chemical Society, 48, pp. 13451-13458, ISSN: 0013-936X

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-11-21

Beschreibung: Plastic pollution is an emerging global threat for marine wildlife. Many species of birds, reptiles and fishes are directly impaired by plastics as they can get entangled in ropes and drown or they can ingest plastic fragments which, in turn, may clog their stomachs and guts. Microplastics of less than 1 mm can be ingested by small invertebrates but their fate in the digestive organs and their effects on the animals are yet not well understood. We embedded fluorescent microplastics in artificial agarose-based food and offered the food to marine isopods, Idotea emarginata. The isopods did not distinguish between food with and food without microplastics. Upon ingestion, the microplastics were present in the stomach and in the gut but not in the tubules of the midgut gland which is the principal organ of enzyme-secretion and nutrient resorption. The feces contained the same concentration of micro-plastics as the food which indicates that no accumulation of microplastics happens during the gut passage. Long-term bioassays of six weeks showed no distinct effects of continu¬ous micro-plastic consumption on mortality, growth, and intermolt duration. I. emarginata are able to prevent intrusion of particles even smaller than 1 µm into the midgut gland which is facilitated by the complex structure of the stomach including a fine filter system. It separates the midgut gland tubules from the stomach and allows only the passage of fluids and chyme. Our results indicate that micro¬plastics, as administered in the experi¬ments, do not clog the digestive organs of isopods and do not have adverse effects on their life history parameters.

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Joseph, Poupin

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-10

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev

Format: application/vnd.google-earth.kmz

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Hu, Pengxiang

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-02

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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National nitrogen budget for Denmark (2014)

Hutchings, N J ; et al, ...

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-07-18

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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44

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Moeller, Iris

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-09-29

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev

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45

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John, Uwe

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-09-30

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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46

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Mooring setups (2014)

Müller, Thomas

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-06

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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47

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Temperature, precipitation, NDVI dataset from 1982 to 2009 in the Koshi River Basin of the Middle Himalayas (2013)

Gao, Jungang

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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48

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Projektvorschläge für eine Polarstern-Expedition zur Prydz Bay/Jetty Oase/Mawson Coast (2013)

Grobe, Hannes ; et al, ...

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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49

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Index description in "Mid-Holocene multiproxy compilation for eastern South America" (2013)

Prado, Luciana Figueiredo ; et al, ...

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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50

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Review of the «Global and Russian energy outlook up to 2040 (2013)

Mitrova, Tatiana

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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51

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Study on the effects of near-future ocean acidification on marine yeasts: a microcosm approach (2014)

Krause, E ; et al, .

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-05-12

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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52

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Small Changes in pH Have Direct Effects on Marine Bacterial Community Composition: A Microcosm Ap (2012)

Krause, E ; et al, .

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-05-12

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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53

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Results of calculated surface air temperature anomaly of COSMOS Pliocene experiment 2 in NetCDF format (2012)

Stepanek, Christian ; Lohmann, Gerrit

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-05-15

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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54

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Seismostratigraphy of the Siberian Sector of the Arctic Ocean and adjacent Laptev Sea Shelf (2014)

Weigelt, Estella ; Jokat, Wilfried ; Franke, Dieter

Wiley

In: EPIC3Journal of Geophysical Research-Solid Earth, Wiley, 119(7), pp. 5275-5289, ISSN: 2169-9356

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-08-18

Beschreibung: A new seismostratigraphic model has been established within the Arctic Ocean adjacent to the East Siberian Shelf on the basis of multichannel seismic reflection data acquired along a transect at 81°N. Ages for the sedimentary units were estimated via links to seismic lines and drill site data of the US Chukchi Shelf, the Lomonosov Ridge, and the adjacent Laptev Shelf. Two distinct seismic units were mapped throughout the area and are the constraints for dating the remaining strata. The lower marker unit, a pronounced high-amplitude reflector sequence (HARS), is the most striking stratigraphic feature over large parts of the Arctic Ocean. It indicates a strong and widespread change in deposition conditions. Probably, it developed during Oligocene times when a reorientation of Arctic Plates took place, accompanied by the gradual opening of the Fram Strait, and a widespread regression of sea level. The top of the HARS likely marks the end of Oligocene/early Miocene (23Ma). An age estimate for the base of the sequence is less clear but likely corresponds to base of Eocene (˜56Ma). The second marked unit detected on the seismic lines parallels the seafloor with a thickness of about 200ms two-way travel time (160 m). Its base is marked by a change from a partly transparent sequence with weak amplitude reflections below to a set of continuous high-amplitude reflectors above. This interface likely marks the transition to large-scale glaciation of the northern hemisphere and therefore is ascribed to the top Miocene (5.3 Ma).

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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EM-120 bathymetry data collected during RRS James Cook cruise JC094, multibeam report (2014)

Hoy, Shannon Kelsey ; Huvenne, Veerle A.I. ; Robinson, Laura F.

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-06-02

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TCCON http://www.tccon.caltech.edu test data file (2013)

Buschmann, Matthias

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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57

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R script (2013)

Fillinger, Laura ; Janussen, Dorte ; Lundälv, Tomas ; [weitere]

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17

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58

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DataFiles for: Mount Nyiragongo: An assessment and update of the current eruptive activity (2013)

Burgi, Pierre-Yves ; Tedesco, D. ; Balagizi, C. ; [weitere]

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17

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59

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Glacier bed and ice thickness of Hallstätter Gletscher calculated from GPR measurements 2009 (2013)

Helfricht, Kay ; Fischer, Andrea

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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60

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Overview of the digital bathymetric model (2013)

Arndt, Jan Erik

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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61

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Long-term eddy-covariance measurements from FINO2 platform above the Baltic Sea (2013)

Lammert, Andrea

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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62

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Data table to: Brachiopods in Early Carboniferous (2013)

Qiao, Li ; Shen, Shu-zhong

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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63

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Paleosalinities (10-35 ka BP) from the Celtic Margin (Bay of Biscay) (2012)

Eynaud, Frédérique ; Malaizé, Bruno ; Zaragosi, Sebastien ; [weitere]

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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64

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SOCAT Vx - description (2013)

Pfeil, Benjamin ; Olsen, Are ; Bakker, D. C. E.

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-08-31

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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65

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Data files: Phenotypic evolution in a venerid bivalve species lineage from the late Middle Miocene Central Paratethys Sea: a multi-approach morphometric analysis (2013)

Neubauer, Thomas A ; Harzhauser, Mathias ; Mandic, Oleg

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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66

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Dendrogram of Cluster-analysis of overall comparison (2013)

Winkler, Malte

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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67

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Documentation of datasets of the JGOFS Australia Project (2013)

JGOFS-Australia project members,

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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68

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Checklist of digital platforms for scientific research (2019)

Chagas, R A

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-01-30

Beschreibung: The purpose of this list of digital platforms is to facilitate the research of scientific data (articles, books, conferences, websites, indexers, etc.) by students of all undergraduate levels. The interface of platforms have similarities and because of this, low degree of difficulty of use. I emphasize that the key to an excellent literature search on digital platforms is to choose the right "keyword".

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69

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Documentation of Weddell seal FIL2018_wed_a_f_02 during the Fil2018 campaign (2019)

Bornemann, Horst

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-03-21

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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70

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Documentation of Weddell seal FIL2018_wed_a_f_04 during the Fil2018 campaign (2019)

Bornemann, Horst

PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-03-21

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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71

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Documentation of Weddell seal FIL2018_wed_a_m_05 during the Fil2018 campaign (2019)

Bornemann, Horst

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-03-21

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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72

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Documentation of Ross seal PS1112018_ros_a_f_01 during the Fil2018 campaign (2019)

Bornemann, Horst

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-03-21

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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73

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Transient variability of the Miocene Antarctic ice Sheet smaller than equilibrium differences (2019)

Stap, Lennert B. ; Sutter, Johannes ; Knorr, Gregor ; [weitere]

Wiley

In: EPIC3Geophysical Research Letters, Wiley, 46(8), pp. 4288-4298, ISSN: 0094-8276

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Publikationsdatum: 2021-02-16

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74

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Reaction of a polar gravel‐spit system to atmospheric warming and glacier retreat as reflected by morphology and internal sediment geometries (South Shetland Islands, Antarctica) (2019)

Heredia Barión, Pablo ; Lindhorst, Sebastian ; Schutter, Ilona ; [weitere]

Wiley

In: EPIC3Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, Wiley, 44(5), pp. 1148-1162, ISSN: 0197-9337

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-04-29

Beschreibung: Sedimentary architecture and morphogenetic evolution of a polar bay-mouth gravel-spit system are revealed based on topographic mapping, sedimentological data, radiocarbon dating and ground-penetrating radar investigations. Data document variable rates of spit progradation in reaction to atmospheric warming synchronous to the termination of the last glacial re-advance (LGR, 0.45–0.25 ka BP), the southern hemisphere equivalent of the Little Ice Age cooling period. Results show an interruption of spit progradation that coincides with the proposed onset of accelerated isostatic rebound in reaction to glacier retreat. Spit growth resumed in the late 19th century after the rate of isostatic rebound decreased, and continues until today. The direction of modern spit progradation, however, is rotated northwards compared with the growth axis of the early post-LGR spit. This is interpreted to reflect the shift and strengthening in the regional wind field during the last century. A new concept for the interplay of polar gravel-spit progradation and glacio-isostatic adjustment is presented, allowing for the prediction of future coastal evolution in comparable polar settings.

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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75

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Improved performance of ERA5 in Arctic gateway relative to four global atmospheric reanalyses (2019)

Graham, Robert M. ; Hudson, Stephen R. ; Maturilli, Marion

Wiley

In: EPIC3Geophysical Research Letters, Wiley, 46, ISSN: 0094-8276

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-10

Beschreibung: Here we evaluate five atmospheric reanalyses in an Arctic gateway during late summer. The reanalyses include ERA5, ERA-Interim, JRA-55, CFSv2 and MERRA-2. We use observations from 50 radiosondes launched in the Fram Strait around 79-80˚N, between 25 August – 11 September 2017. Crucially, data from 27 radiosondes were not transmitted to the Global Telecommunications System (GTS), and therefore not assimilated into any reanalysis. In most reanalyses, the magnitude of wind speed and humidity errors are similar for profiles with and without data assimilation. In cases without data assimilation, correlation coefficients (R) exceed 0.88 for temperature, wind speed and specific humidity, in all reanalyses. Overall, the newly released ERA5 has higher correlation coefficients than any other reanalyses as well as smaller biases and root mean square errors, for all three variables. The largest improvements identified in ERA5 are in its representation of the wind field, and temperature profiles over warm water.

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76

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The budget of macrobenthic reworked organic carbon ‐ a modelling case study of the North Sea (2019)

Zhang, Wenyan ; Wirtz, Kai ; Daewel, Ute ; [weitere]

Wiley

In: EPIC3Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, Wiley, 124, pp. 1446-1471, ISSN: 2169-8961

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-08-13

Beschreibung: The importance of macrobenthos in benthic‐pelagic coupling and early diagenesis of organic carbon (OC) has long been recognized but has not been quantified at a regional scale. By using the southern North Sea as an exemplary area we present a modelling attempt to quantify the budget of total organic carbon (TOC) reworked by macrobenthos in seafloor surface sediments. Vertical profiles in sediments collected in the field indicate a significant but nonlinear correlation between TOC and macrobenthic biomass. A mechanistic model is used to resolve the bi‐directional interaction between TOC and macrobenthos. A novelty of this model is that bioturbation is resolved dynamically depending on variations in local food resource and macrobenthic biomass. The model is coupled to 3D hydrodynamic‐biogeochemical simulations to hindcast the mutual dependence between sedimentary TOC and macrobenthos from 1948 to 2015. Agreement with field data reveals a satisfactory model performance. Our simulations show that the preservation of TOC in the North Sea sediments is not only determined by pelagic conditions (hydrodynamic regime and primary production) but also by the vertical distribution of TOC, bioturbation intensity, and the vertical positioning of macrobenthos. Macrobenthos annually ingest 20%–35% and in addition vertically diffuse 11%–22% of the total budget of TOC in the upper‐most 30 cm sediments in the southern North Sea. This result indicates a central role of benthic animals in modulating the OC cycling at the sediment‐water interface of continental margins.

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77

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East Pacific Rise Core PS75/059‐2: Glacial‐to‐Deglacial Stratigraphy Revisited (2019)

Ronge, Thomas ; Sarnthein, Michael ; Roberts, Jenny ; [weitere]

Wiley

In: EPIC3Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, Wiley, 34, pp. 432-435

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-06-23

Beschreibung: Age control and paleoceanographic evidence of marine sediment records might be challenged if authors solely build their stratigraphy on visual correlation to apparently well‐dated records from the same ocean basin, using, for example, highly resolved X‐ray fluorescence‐based element‐count records and correlation tools such as AnalySeries. While per se perfectly reasonable, this approach bears the risk of missing stratigraphic gaps in the sedimentary record and thus might result in imprecise and/or flawed interpretations. Here we present a unique series of 14 planktic 14C ages from a 7‐cm section of East Pacific Rise core PS75/059‐2. The ages suggest a 14‐ky‐long period of low‐to‐zero deposition during Last Glacial Maximum, mainly marked by continuous redistribution of winnowed foraminifers, probably the result of enhanced bottom currents, moreover, by some bioturbational mixing. On the basis of this data we demonstrate the impact of the hiatus on a South Pacific transect of apparent benthic ventilation ages (ΔΔ14C values) and their meaning for estimates of CO2 stored in Last Glacial Maximum Pacific deep waters.

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78

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Information for MAPS whale sighting data, v. 2018-12-18 (2018)

Burkhardt, Elke

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2018-12-19

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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79

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Variability of Winter Snow Properties on Different Spatial Scales in the Weddell Sea (2018)

Arndt, Stefanie ; Paul, Stephan

Wiley

In: EPIC3Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, Wiley, 123(12), pp. 8862-8876, ISSN: 0148-0227

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-01-25

Beschreibung: The snow cover on Antarctic sea ice persists during most of the year, contributing significantly to the sea ice mass budget due to comprehensive seasonal transition processes within the snowpack as well as at the snow/ice interface. Consequently, snow on sea ice varies not only in depth but also in particular in its physical characteristics such as snow density and stratigraphy. In order to quantify the heterogeneous nature of the Antarctic snowpack on different spatial scales, that is, small (〈10 m), floe‐size (1‐2 km), and regional (seasonal/perennial ice) scales, we present here a case study of snow analyses in the Weddell Sea in austral winter 2013. The resulting high variability of snow parameters in the basal snow layer reveals the need to distinguish between seasonal and perennial ice regimes, when retrieving, for example, snow depth using satellite microwave radiometry. Considering the full vertical snow column, a more detailed distinction of the perennial sea ice regime into, for example, more ice classes is suggested in order to represent the high variability range. For the internal snowpack variability, however, we identify the grain size variability as the main driver, while snow density variations can be neglected. Moving from regional to floe‐size scales, a similar variability range of the studied snow properties is found, suggesting that a large number of snow samples on a few floes is more crucial than covering a large region with fewer floe‐scale measurements. The spatiotemporally heterogeneous variability in snow accumulation, redistribution, and metamorphism is, however, too large to upscale the given findings beyond regional scale.

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80

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Impact of Weddell Sea shelf progradation on Antarctic bottom water formation during the Miocene (2017)

Huang, Xiaoxia ; Stärz, Michael ; Gohl, Karsten ; [weitere]

Wiley

In: EPIC3Paleoceanography, Wiley, 32, pp. 304-317, ISSN: 0883-8305

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-06-12

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81

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Circulation in the northwest Laptev Sea in the eastern Arctic Ocean: Crossroads between Siberian River water, Atlantic water and polynya-formed dense water (2017)

Janout, Markus A. ; Hölemann, Jens ; Timokhov, Leonid ; [weitere]

Wiley

In: EPIC3Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, Wiley, 122, pp. 1-18, ISSN: 0148-0227

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-09-13

Beschreibung: This paper investigates new observations from the poorly understood region between the Kara and Laptev Seas in the Eastern Arctic Ocean. We discuss relevant circulation features including riverine freshwater, Atlantic-derived water, and polynya-formed dense water, emphasize Vilkitsky Strait (VS) as an important Kara Sea gateway, and analyze the role of the adjacent 250 km-long submarine Vilkitsky Trough (VT) for the Arctic boundary current. Expeditions in 2013 and 2014 operated closely spaced hydrographic transects and 1 year-long oceanographic mooring near VT’s southern slope, and found persistent annually averaged flow of 0.2 m s21 toward the Nansen Basin. The flow is nearly barotropic from winter through early summer and becomes surface intensified with maximum velocities of 0.35 m s21 from August to October. Thermal wind shear is maximal above the southern flank at 30 m depth, in agreement with basinward flow above VT’s southern slope. The subsurface features a steep front separating warm (–0.58C) Atlantic-derived waters in central VT from cold (〈–1.58C) shelf waters, which episodically migrates across the trough indicated by current reversals and temperature fluctuations. Shelf-transformed waters dominate above VT’s slope, measuring near-freezing temperatures throughout the water column at salinities of 34–35. These dense waters are vigorously advected toward the Eurasian Basin and characterize VT as a conduit for near-freezing waters that could potentially supply the Arctic Ocean’s lower halocline, cool Atlantic water, and ventilate the deeper Arctic Ocean. Our observations from the northwest Laptev Sea highlight a topographically complex region with swift currents, several water masses, narrow fronts, polynyas, and topographically channeled storms.

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82

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The mechanisms behind Jakobshavn Isbræ’s acceleration and mass loss: A 3-D thermomechanical model study (2017)

Bondzio, Johannes ; Morlighem, Mathieu ; Seroussi, Hélène ; [weitere]

Wiley

In: EPIC3Geophysical Research Letters, Wiley, 44, pp. 6252-6260, ISSN: 0094-8276

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-09-18

Beschreibung: The mechanisms causing widespread flow acceleration of Jakobshavn Isbræ, West Greenland, remain unclear despite an abundance of observations and modeling studies. Here we simulate the glacier's evolution from 1985 to 2016 using a three-dimensional thermomechanical ice flow model. The model captures the timing and 90% of the observed changes by forcing the calving front. Basal drag in the trough is low, and lateral drag balances the ice stream's driving stress. The calving front position is the dominant control on changes of Jakobshavn Isbræ since the ice viscosity in the shear margins instantaneously drops in response to the stress perturbation caused by calving front retreat, which allows for widespread flow acceleration. Gradual shear margin warming contributes 5 to 10% to the total acceleration. Our simulations suggest that the glacier will contribute to eustatic sea level rise at a rate comparable to or higher than at present.

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83

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BedMachine v3: Complete bed topography and ocean bathymetry mapping of Greenland from multi-beam echo sounding combined with mass conservation (2017)

Morlighem, Mathieu ; Williams, C. N. ; Rignot, Eric ; [weitere]

Wiley

In: EPIC3Geophysical Research Letters, Wiley, 44(21), pp. 11051-11061

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-12-01

Beschreibung: Greenland's bed topography is a primary control on ice flow, grounding line migration, calving dynamics and subglacial drainage. Moreover, fjord bathymetry regulates the penetration of warm Atlantic Water (AW) that rapidly melts and undercuts Greenland's marine-terminating glaciers. Here, we present a new compilation of Greenland bed topography that assimilates seafloor bathymetry and ice thickness data through a mass conservation (MC) approach. A new 150-m horizontal resolution bed topography/bathymetric map of Greenland is constructed with seamless transitions at the ice/ocean interface, yielding major improvements over previous datasets, particularly in the marine-terminating sectors of northwest and southeast Greenland. Our map reveals the total sea level potential of the Greenland Ice Sheet is 7.42±0.05 m, which is 7 cm greater than previous estimates. Furthermore, it explains recent calving front response of numerous outlet glaciers and reveals new pathways by which AW can access glaciers with marine-based basins, thereby highlighting sectors of Greenland that are most vulnerable to future oceanic forcing.

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LAPMv2 6.0 - User Manual (2016)

Marcon, Yann

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-30

Beschreibung: The LAPMv2 program (or Large-Area Photo-Mosaicking Tool v2) was specifically developed for seafloor mapping applications. It is capable of handling datasets of thousands of images, and relies on robust feature detection and matching algorithms (SIFT) as well as on navigation data from underwater vehicles (ROV, AUV, etc.) for the production of photomosaics. Final photomosaics are geo-referenced and saved as GeoTiff for direct import into a Geographic Information System (GIS).

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Collection of symbols and thumbnails (2016)

PANGAEA Curator, R.

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2016-05-27

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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86

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IMPETUS/FENNEC AWS network SE-Morocco 2001-2012 (2016)

Fink, Andreas H. ; Schulz, Oliver

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2016-07-02

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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87

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Quantifying manganese and nitrogen cycle coupling in manganese-rich, organic carbon-starved marine sediments: Examples from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (2016)

Mogollón, José M. ; Mewes, Konstantin ; Kasten, Sabine

Wiley

In: EPIC3Geophysical Research Letters, Wiley, 43, ISSN: 0094-8276

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Publikationsdatum: 2016-12-07

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88

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Crustal deformation and surface kinematics after the 2010 earthquakes in Latin America (2016)

Sánchez, L. ; Drewes, H.

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2016-07-11

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89

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Landscape controls and vertical variability of soil organic carbon storage in the Lena River Delta, supplementary material (2016)

Siewert, Matthias Benjamin ; Hugelius, Gustaf ; Heim, Birgit ; [weitere]

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2016-07-12

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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Readme files for data set "Measurements of Urban, Marine and Biogenic Air (MUMBA): characterisation of trace gases and aerosol at the urban, marine and biogenic interface in summer in Wollongong, Australia, 10.1594/PANGAEA.871982" (2017)

Paton-Walsh, Clare

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-02-13

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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91

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A simulation of small to giant Antarctic iceberg evolution: Differential impact on climatology estimates (2017)

Rackow, Thomas ; Wesche, Christine ; Timmermann, Ralph ; [weitere]

Wiley

In: EPIC3Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, Wiley, ISSN: 21699275

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-05-04

Beschreibung: We present a simulation of Antarctic iceberg drift and melting that includes small, medium-sized, and giant tabular icebergs with a realistic size distribution. For the first time, an iceberg model is initialized with a set of nearly 7000 observed iceberg positions and sizes around Antarctica. The study highlights the necessity to account for larger and giant icebergs in order to obtain accurate melt climatologies. We simulate drift and lateral melt using iceberg-draft averaged ocean currents, temperature, and salinity. A new basal melting scheme, originally applied in ice shelf melting studies, uses in situ temperature, salinity, and relative velocities at an iceberg's bottom. Climatology estimates of Antarctic iceberg melting based on simulations of small (≤ 2.2 km), 'small-to-medium'-sized (≤ 10 km), and small-to-giant icebergs (including icebergs 〉 10 km) exhibit differential characteristics: successive inclusion of larger icebergs leads to a reduced seasonality of the iceberg meltwater flux and a shift of the mass input to the area north of 58 °S, while less meltwater is released into the coastal areas. This suggests that estimates of meltwater input solely based on the simulation of small icebergs introduce a systematic meridional bias; they underestimate the northward mass transport and are, thus, closer to the rather crude treatment of iceberg melting as coastal runoff in models without an interactive iceberg model. Future ocean simulations will benefit from the improved meridional distribution of iceberg melt, especially in climate change scenarios where the impact of iceberg melt is likely to increase due to increased calving from the Antarctic ice sheet.

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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92

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Satellite-observed drop of Arctic sea ice growth in winter 2015–2016 (2017)

Ricker, Robert ; Hendricks, Stefan ; Girard-Ardhuin, Fanny ; [weitere]

Wiley

In: EPIC3Geophysical Research Letters, Wiley, ISSN: 0094-8276

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-09-25

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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93

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Quality control flag scale - SPARC database (2017)

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-10-16

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev

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94

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On the role of dust-deposited lithogenic particles for iron cycling in the tropical and subtropical Atlantic (2017)

Ye, Ying ; Völker, Christoph

Wiley

In: EPIC3Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Wiley, ISSN: 0886-6236

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-10-27

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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95

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Description of Drifter during Heincken cruise HE490 (2017)

Carrasco, Ruben ; Floeter, Jens ; Horstmann, Jochen

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-10-29

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev

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96

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Observing the impact of Calbuco volcanic aerosols on South Polar ozone depletion in 2015 (2017)

Stone, Kane A. ; Solomon, Susan ; Kinnison, Doug E. ; [weitere]

Wiley

In: EPIC3Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, Wiley, ISSN: 0148-0227

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-12-03

Beschreibung: The Southern Hemisphere Antarctic stratosphere experienced two noteworthy events in 2015: a significant injection of sulfur from the Calbuco volcanic eruption in Chile in April, and a record-large Antarctic ozone hole in October and November. Here, we quantify Calbuco's influence on stratospheric ozone depletion in austral spring 2015 using observations and an earth system model. We analyze ozonesondes, as well as data from the Microwave Limb Sounder. We employ the Community Earth System Model, version 1, with the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (CESM1(WACCM)) in a specified dynamics setup, which includes calculations of volcanic effects. The Cloud Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization data indicate enhanced volcanic liquid sulfate 532 nm backscatter values as far poleward as 68°S during October and November (in broad agreement with WACCM). Comparison of the location of the enhanced aerosols to ozone data supports the view that aerosols played a major role in increasing the ozone hole size, especially at pressure levels between 150 and 100 hPa. Ozonesonde vertical ozone profiles from the sites of Syowa, South Pole, and Neumayer, display the lowest individual October or November measurements at 150 hPa since the 1991 Mt. Pinatubo eruption period, with Davis showing similarly low values, but no available 1990s data. The analysis suggests that under the cold conditions ideal for ozone depletion, stratospheric volcanic aerosol particles from the moderate-magnitude eruption of Calbuco in 2015 greatly enhanced austral ozone depletion, particularly at 55–68°S, where liquid binary sulfate aerosols have a large influence on ozone concentrations.

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97

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Short Cruise Report M141-2 -UFO- U-Isotope Fingerprinting of Mediterranean Outflow Water, Ponta Delgada (Portugal) - Varna (Bulgaria), October 5 - 19, 2017 (2017)

Frank, Norbert

PANGAEA

In: EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-11-06

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev

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98

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Discussion of Different Model Approaches for the Flow Behavior of Ice (2016)

Christmann, Julia ; Rückamp, Martin ; Müller, Ralf ; [weitere]

Wiley

In: EPIC3Proceedings in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Wiley, 16(1), pp. 313-314, ISSN: 16177061

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-11-13

Beschreibung: Ice of Antarctic ice shelves is assumed to behave on long-term as an incompressible viscous fluid, which is dominated on short time scales by the elastic response. Hence, a viscoelastic material model is required. The thermodynamic pressure is treated differently in elastic and viscous models. For small deformations, the elastic isometric stress for ν → 0.5 gives similar results to those solving for pressure in an incompressible laminar flow model. A viscous model, in which the thermodynamic pressure is approximated by an elastic isometric stress, can be easily extended to viscoelasticity.

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99

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Multi-model evidence for an atmospheric circulation response to Arctic sea ice loss in the CMIP5 future projections (2018)

Zappa, G. ; Pithan, Felix ; Shepherd, T. G.

Wiley

In: EPIC3Geophysical Research Letters, Wiley, ISSN: 0094-8276

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Publikationsdatum: 2018-01-09

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

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100

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Increasing frequency and duration of Arctic winter warming events (2017)

Graham, Robert M. ; Cohen, Lana ; Petty, Alek A. ; [weitere]

Wiley

In: EPIC3Geophysical Research Letters, Wiley, 44(13), pp. 6974-6983, ISSN: 0094-8276

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Publikationsdatum: 2018-01-11

Beschreibung: Near-surface air temperatures close to 0°C were observed in situ over sea ice in the central Arctic during the last three winter seasons. Here we use in situ winter (December–March) temperature observations, such as those from Soviet North Pole drifting stations and ocean buoys, to determine how common Arctic winter warming events are. Observations of winter warming events exist over most of the Arctic Basin. Temperatures exceeding -5°C were observed during 〉30% of winters from 1954 to 2010 by North Pole drifting stations or ocean buoys. Using the ERA-Interim record (1979–2016), we show that the North Pole (NP) region typically experiences 10 warming events (T2m 〉 10°C) per winter, compared with only five in the Pacific Central Arctic (PCA). There is a positive trend in the overall duration of winter warming events for both the NP region (4.25 days/decade) and PCA (1.16 days/decade), due to an increased number of events of longer duration.

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