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  • Elsevier  (141,454)
  • Wiley  (38,137)
  • Oxford University Press  (22,888)
  • PANGAEA  (12,540)
  • 2015-2019  (215,019)
  • 1945-1949
  • 2016  (215,019)
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Years
Year
  • 1
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    Uncovering deformation processes from surface displacements (2016)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-12
    Description: Today, satellite remote sensing has reached a key role in Earth Sciences. In particular, Synthetic ApertureRadar (SAR) sensors and SAR Interferometry (InSAR) techniques are widely used for the study of dynamicprocesses occurring inside our living planet. Over the past 3 decades, InSAR has been applied for mappingtopography and deformation at the Earth’s surface. These maps are widely used in tectonics, seismology,geomorphology, and volcanology, in order to investigate the kinematics and dynamics of crustal faulting,the causes of postseismic and interseismic displacements, the dynamics of gravity driven slope failures,and the deformation associated with subsurface movement of water, hydrocarbons or magmatic fluids.
    Description: Published
    Description: 58-82
    Description: 1T. Geodinamica e interno della Terra
    Description: 4T. Fisica dei terremoti e scenari cosismici
    Description: 3V. Dinamiche e scenari eruttivi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: SAR ; InSAR ; Earth observation ; Surface displacements ; Satellite missions ; Advanced InSAR ; Earthquake studies ; Volcanic studies ; Tectonic process ; Coseismic studies ; Soil liquefaction ; Post-seismic studies ; Interseismic studies ; Volcanic unrest ; Pre-eruptive phase ; Eruptive phase ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.06. Measurements and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.07. Satellite geodesy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.09. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.11. Seismic risk ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    LAPMv2 6.0 - User Manual (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-30
    Description: The LAPMv2 program (or Large-Area Photo-Mosaicking Tool v2) was specifically developed for seafloor mapping applications. It is capable of handling datasets of thousands of images, and relies on robust feature detection and matching algorithms (SIFT) as well as on navigation data from underwater vehicles (ROV, AUV, etc.) for the production of photomosaics. Final photomosaics are geo-referenced and saved as GeoTiff for direct import into a Geographic Information System (GIS).
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 3
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    Collection of symbols and thumbnails (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-05-27
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 4
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    IMPETUS/FENNEC AWS network SE-Morocco 2001-2012 (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-02
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 5
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    The crustal structure of Beira High, central Mozambique—Combined investigation of wide-angle seismic and potential field data (2016)
    Elsevier
    In:  EPIC3Tectonophysics, Elsevier, 683, pp. 233-254, ISSN: 00401951
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-12-19
    Description: The timing and geometry of the initial Gondwana break-up between Africa and East Antarctica is still poorly known due to missing information about the continent-ocean boundaries along the rifted margins. In this context, the Beira High off central Mozambique forms a critical geological feature of uncertain crustal fabric. Based on new wide-angle seismic and potential field data across Beira High a P-wave velocity model, supported by amplitude and gravity modelling, provides constraints on the crustal composition of this area. In the Mozambique Basin mainly normal oceanic crust of 5.5–7 km thickness with velocities of 6.5–7.0 km/s in the lower crust is present. A sharp transition towards Beira High marks the continent-ocean boundary. Here the crust thickens to 23 km at maximum. A small velocity-depth gradient and a constant increase in velocity with basal velocities of maximum 7.0 km/s are in good agreement with typical velocities of continental crust and continental fragments. The density model indicates the existence of felsicmaterial in greater depths and supports a fabric of stretched, but highly intruded continental crust below Beira High. A gradual decrease in crustal thickness characterizes the transition towards the Mozambican shelf area. Here, in the Zambezi Delta Depression 12 km of sediments cover the underlying 7 km thick crust. The presence of a high-velocity lower crustal body with velocities of 7.1–7.4 km/s indicates underplated, magmatic material in this part of the profile. However, the velocity structure in the shelf area allows no definite interpretation because of the experimental setup. Thus, the crustal nature below the Zambezi Delta and consequently the landward position of the continentocean boundary remains unknown. The difference in stretching below the margins of Beira High suggests the presence of different thinning directions and a rift jump during the early rifting stage.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 6
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    Quantifying manganese and nitrogen cycle coupling in manganese-rich, organic carbon-starved marine sediments: Examples from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (2016)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Geophysical Research Letters, Wiley, 43, ISSN: 0094-8276
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-07
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 7
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    Crustal deformation and surface kinematics after the 2010 earthquakes in Latin America (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-11
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 8
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    2014 iAREA campaign on aerosol in Spitsbergen Part 1: Study of physical and chemical properties (2016)
    Elsevier
    In:  EPIC3Atmospheric Environment, Elsevier, (140), pp. 150-166
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-06
    Description: This paper presents the results of measurements of aerosol physical and chemical properties during iAREA2014 campaign that took place on Svalbard between 15th of Mar and 4th of May 2014. With respect to field area, the experiment consisted of two sites: NyeÅlesund (78�550N, 11�560E) and Longyearbyen (78�130N, 15�330E) with further integration of Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) station in Hornsund (77�000N, 15�330E). The subject of this study is to investigate the inesitu, passive and active remote sensing observations as well as numerical simulations to describe the temporal variability of aerosol singleescattering properties during spring season on Spitsbergen. The retrieval of the data indicates several event days with enhanced singleescattering properties due to the existence of sulphate and additional seaesalt load in the atmosphere which is possibly caused by relatively high wind speed. Optical results were confirmed by numerical simulations made by the GEMeAQ model and by chemical observations that indicated up to 45% contribution of the seaesalt to a PM10 total aerosol mass concentration. An agreement between the in-situ optical and microphysical properties was found, namely: the positive correlation between aerosol scattering coefficient measured by the nephelometer and effective radius obtained from laser aerosol spectrometer as well as negative correlation between aerosol scattering coefficient and the Ångstrom exponent indicated that slightly larger particles dominated during special events. The inesitu surface observations do not show any significant enhancement of the absorption coefficient as well as the black carbon concentration which might occur during spring. All of extensive singleescattering properties indicate a diurnal cycle in Longyearbyen, where 21:00e5:00 data stays at the background level, however increasing during the day by the factor of 3e4. It is considered to be highly connected with local emissions originating in combustion, traffic and harbour activities. On the other hand, no daily fluctuations in NyeÅlesund are observed. Mean values in NyeÅlesund are equal to 8.2, 0.8 Mm�1 and 103 ng/m3 for scattering, absorption coefficients and black carbon concentration; however in Longyearbyen (only data from 21:00e05:00 UTC) they reach 7.9, 0.6 Mm�1 as well as 83 ng/ m3 respectively. Overall, the spring 2014 was considerably clean and seaesalt was the major aerosol component
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 9
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    Landscape controls and vertical variability of soil organic carbon storage in the Lena River Delta, supplementary material (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-12
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 10
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    Discussion of Different Model Approaches for the Flow Behavior of Ice (2016)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Proceedings in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Wiley, 16(1), pp. 313-314, ISSN: 16177061
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-11-13
    Description: Ice of Antarctic ice shelves is assumed to behave on long-term as an incompressible viscous fluid, which is dominated on short time scales by the elastic response. Hence, a viscoelastic material model is required. The thermodynamic pressure is treated differently in elastic and viscous models. For small deformations, the elastic isometric stress for ν → 0.5 gives similar results to those solving for pressure in an incompressible laminar flow model. A viscous model, in which the thermodynamic pressure is approximated by an elastic isometric stress, can be easily extended to viscoelasticity.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 11
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    Langenferner Massenhaushaltsstudien - Bericht über die Jahresbilanz 2015/2016 (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-12-31
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 12
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    Parameter comments for Helgoland Roads Mesozooplankton (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-03-02
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 13
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    The evolution of a thermokarst-lake landscape: Late Quaternary permafrost degradation and stabilization in interior Alaska (2016)
    Elsevier
    In:  EPIC3Sedimentary Geology, Elsevier, 340, pp. 3-14, ISSN: 00370738
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-09-24
    Description: Thermokarst processes characterize a variety of ice-rich permafrost terrains and often lead to lake formation. The long-term evolution of thermokarst landscapes and the stability and longevity of lakes depend upon climate, vegetation and ground conditions, including the volume of excess ground ice and its distribution. The current lake status of thermokarst-lake landscapes and their future trajectories under climatewarming are better understood in the light of their long-term development. We studied the lake-rich southern marginal upland of the Yukon Flats (northern interior Alaska) using dated lake-sediment cores, observations of river-cut exposures, and remotely-sensed data. The region features thick (up to 40 m)Quaternary deposits (mainly loess) that contain massive ground ice. Two of three studied lakes formed ~11,000–12,000 cal yr BP through inferred thermokarst processes, and fire may have played a role in initiating thermokarst development. From ~9000 cal yr BP, all lakes exhibited steady sedimentation, and pollen stratigraphies are consistentwith regional patterns. The current lake expansion rates are low (0 to b7 cmyr−1 shoreline retreat) compared with other regions (~30 cm yr−1 or more). This thermokarst lake-rich region does not showevidence of extensive landscape lowering by lake drainage, nor of multiple lake generations within a basin. However, LiDAR images reveal linear “corrugations” (N5 m amplitude), deep thermo-erosional gullies, and features resembling lake drainage channels, suggesting that highly dynamic surface processes have previously shaped the landscape. Evidently, widespread early Holocene permafrost degradation and thermokarst lake initiation were followed by lake longevity and landscape stabilization, the latter possibly related to establishment of dense forest cover. Partial or complete drainage of three lakes in 2013 reveals that there is some contemporary landscape dynamism. Holocene landscape evolution in the study area differs from that described from other thermokarst-affected regions; regional responses to future environmental change may be equally individualistic.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 14
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    Physical oceanography during METEOR cruise M63/1, files in ODV format (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-10-06
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 15
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    Habitat map for the Danajon Bank, Philippines (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-09-05
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 16
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    Facies analysis of yedoma thermokarst lakes on the northern Seward Peninsula, Alaska (2016)
    Elsevier
    In:  EPIC3Sedimentary Geology, Elsevier, 340, pp. 25-37, ISSN: 00370738
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-09-23
    Description: Thermokarst lakes develop as a result of the thaw and collapse of ice-rich, permanently frozen ground (permafrost). Of particular sedimentological importance are thermokarst lakes forming in late Pleistocene icy silt (yedoma),which dramatically alter the land surface by lowering surface elevation and redistributing upland sediment into lower basins. Our study provides the first description of yedoma thermokarst lake sedimentology based on the crossbasin sampling of an existing lake. We present lake sediment facies descriptions based on data from sediment cores from two thermokarst lakes of medium depth, Claudi and Jaeger (informal names), which formed in previously non thermokarst-affected upland yedoma on the northern Seward Peninsula, Alaska. We identify four prominent facies using sedimentological, biogeochemical, and macrofossil indicators: a massive silt lacking aquatic macrofossils and other aquatic indicators situated below a sub-lacustrine unconformity (Facies 1); two basal deposits: interbedded organic silt and chaotic silt (Facies 2–3); and a silt-rich mud (Facies 4). Facies 1 is interpreted as yedoma that has thawed during lake formation. Facies 3 formed adjacent to the margin due to thaw and collapse events from the lake shore. Material from Facies 3 was reworked by wave action to form Facies 2 in a medium energy margin environment. Facies 4 formed in a lower energy environment toward the lake basin center. This facies classification and description should enhance our ability (i) to interpret the spatial and temporal development of lakes and (ii) to reconstruct long-term patterns of landscape change.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 17
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    Non-indigenous species in the North and Baltic Seas and the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence River region (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-09-17
    Description: List of non-indigenous species (NIS) established in the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence River region and the North and Baltic Seas region, their geographic origin, and taxonomic assignment. Asterisks mark the NIS that occur in both the North and Baltic Seas and the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence River regions. GL, SL, NW, NE, SW and SE denote the Great Lakes, St. Lawrence River, north-west, north-east, south-west, and south-east, respectively. Eurasia represents inland freshwaters except Yangtze River, Indo-Pacific represents Indian Ocean and the archipelago of Indonesia, Malaysia, and Pilipinas, North America (N America) represents inland freshwaters except the Laurentian Great Lakes, St. Lawrence and Mississippi Rivers, while Australia, New Zealand, Africa and South America (S America) cover all inland freshwaters in these areas.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 18
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    Phénomènes biosédimentaires et genèsedes croûtes et enduits polymétalliques (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-07
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 19
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    Formular (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-01
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 20
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    ferromanganese nodules from the central North Pacific (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-10
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 21
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    Why wait for a replication crisis (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-07
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 22
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    R code for simple moving-habtitat model (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-07
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 23
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    Manihiki Plateau (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-08
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 24
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    Carbon isotope offsets between benthic foraminifer species of the genus Cibicides (Cibicidoides) in the glacial sub-Antarctic Atlantic (2016)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Paleoceanography, Wiley, 31(12), pp. 1583-1602, ISSN: 0883-8305
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-01-15
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 25
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    Macro-enabled Excel spreadsheet to calculate hourly-averages from BSRN .dat files (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-21
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 26
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    manganese coating, site 111 (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-19
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 27
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    Fig4 from Aspects of the geologic setting of manganese nodule deposits (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-21
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 28
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    Arctic pathways of Pacific Water: Arctic Ocean Model Intercomparison experiments (2016)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, Wiley, 121(1), pp. 27-59, ISSN: 0148-0227
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-23
    Description: Pacific Water (PW) enters the Arctic Ocean through Bering Strait and brings heat, fresh water and nutrients from the northern Bering Sea. The circulation of PW in the central Arctic Ocean is only partially understood due to the lack of observations. In this paper pathways of PW are investigated using simulations with six state-of-the art regional and global Ocean General Circulation Models (OGCMs). In the simulations PW is tracked by a passive tracer, released in Bering Strait. Simulated PW water spreads from the Bering Strait region in three major branches. One of them starts in the Barrow Canyon, bringing PW along continental slope of Alaska into the Canadian Straits and then into Baffin Bay. The other initiates in the vicinity of the Herald Canyon and transports PW along the continental slope of the East-Siberian Sea into the transpolar drift, and then through Fram Strait and the Greenland Sea. The third branch begins near the Herald Shoal and the central Chukchi shelf and brings PW waters into the Beaufort Gyre. Models suggest that the spread of PW through the Arctic Ocean depends on the atmospheric circulation. In the models the wind, acting via Ekman pumping, drives the seasonal and interannual variability of PW in the Canadian Basin of the Arctic Ocean. The wind effects the simulated PW pathways by changing vertical shear of the relative vorticity of the ocean flow in the Canada Basin. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 29
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    SO141 dredge samples (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-18
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 30
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    Biostratigraphie de concrétions polymétalliques de l'archipel des Touamotou (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-16
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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    On the atmospheric response experiment to a Blue Arctic Ocean (2016)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Geophysical Research Letters, Wiley, 43(19), pp. 10394-10402, ISSN: 0094-8276
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: We demonstrated atmospheric responses to a reduction in Arctic sea ice via simulations in which Arctic sea ice decreased stepwise from the present-day range to an ice-free range. In all cases, the tropospheric response exhibited a negative Arctic Oscillation (AO)-like pattern. An intensification of the climatological planetary-scale wave due to the present-day sea ice reduction on the Atlantic side of the Arctic Ocean induced stratospheric polar vortex weakening and the subsequent negative AO. Conversely, strong Arctic warming due to ice-free conditions across the entire Arctic Ocean induced a weakening of the tropospheric westerlies corresponding to a negative AO without troposphere-stratosphere coupling, for which the planetary-scale wave response to a surface heat source extending to the Pacific side of the Arctic Ocean was responsible. Because the resultant negative AO-like response was accompanied by secondary circulation in the meridional plane, atmospheric heat transport into the Arctic increased, accelerating the Arctic amplification.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Modeling the global bomb-tritium transient signal with the AGCM LMDZ-iso: a method to evaluate aspects of the hydrological cycle (2016)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, Wiley, 121(21), pp. 12612-12629, ISSN: 0148-0227
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-03-26
    Description: Improving the representation of the hydrological cycle in atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs) is one of the main challenges in modeling the Earth’s climate system. One way to evaluate model performance is to simulate the transport of water isotopes. Among those available, tritium is an extremely valuable tracer, because its content in the different reservoirs involved in the water cycle (stratosphere, troposphere, and ocean) varies by order of magnitude. Previous work incorporated natural tritium into Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique Zoom (LMDZ)-iso, a version of the LMDZ general circulation model enhanced by water isotope diagnostics. Here for the first time, the anthropogenic tritium injected by each of the atmospheric nuclear bomb tests between 1945 and 1980 has been first estimated and further implemented in the model; it creates an opportunity to evaluate certain aspects of LDMZ over several decades by following the bomb tritium transient signal through the hydrological cycle. Simulations of tritium in water vapor and precipitation for the period 1950–2008, with both natural and anthropogenic components, are presented in this study. LMDZ-iso satisfactorily reproduces the general shape of the temporal evolution of tritium. However, LMDZ-iso simulates too high a bomb tritium peak followed by too strong a decrease of tritium in precipitation. The too diffusive vertical advection in AGCMs crucially affects the residence time of tritium in the stratosphere. This insight into model performance demonstrates that the implementation of tritium in an AGCM provides a new and valuable test of the modeled atmospheric transport, complementing water stable isotope modeling.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Modern precipitation δ18O and trajectory analysis over the Himalaya-Tibet Orogen from ECHAM5-wiso simulations (2016)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, Wiley, 121(18), pp. 10,432-10,452, ISSN: 0148-0227
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-14
    Description: Variations in oxygen isotope ratios (δ18O) measured from modern precipitation and geologic archives provide a promising tool for understanding modern and past climate dynamics and tracking elevation changes over geologic time. In areas of extreme topography, such as the Tibetan Plateau, the interpretation of δ18O has proven challenging. This study investigates the climate controls on temporal (daily and 6 h intervals) and spatial variations in present-day precipitation δ18O (δ18Op) across the Tibetan Plateau using a 30 year record produced from the European Centre/Hamburg ECHAM5-wiso global atmospheric general circulation model (GCM). Results indicate spatial and temporal agreement between model-predicted δ18Op and observations. Large daily δ18Op variations of 25 to +5‰ occur over the Tibetan Plateau throughout the 30 simulation years, along with interannual δ18Op variations of ~2‰. Analysis of extreme daily δ18Op indicates that extreme low values coincide with extreme highs in precipitation amount. During the summer, monsoon vapor transport from the north and southwest of the plateau generally corresponds with high δ18Op, whereas vapor transport from the Indian Ocean corresponds with average to low δ18Op. Thus, vapor source variations are one important cause of the spatial-temporal differences in δ18Op. Comparison of GCM and Rayleigh Distillation Model (RDM)-predicted δ18Op indicates a modest agreement for the Himalaya region (averaged over 86°–94°E), confirming application of the simpler RDM approach for estimating δ18Op lapse rates across Himalaya.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    manganese coating (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-19
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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    Vema Cruise 18 - Preliminary Megascopic Descriptions of Split Cores (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-16
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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    Robert Conrad Cruise 09 - Preliminary Megascopic Descriptions (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-05
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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    JSF data file description - 0004824_REV_1.20 - March 2016 (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-28
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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    Sea ice leads in the Arctic Ocean: Model assessment, interannual variability and trends (2016)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Geophysical Research Letters, Wiley, 43, pp. 7019-7027, ISSN: 0094-8276
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-09-06
    Description: Sea ice leads in the Arctic are important features that give rise to strong localized atmospheric heating; they provide the opportunity for vigorous biological primary production, and predicting leads may be of relevance for Arctic shipping. It is commonly believed that traditional sea ice models that employ elastic-viscous-plastic (EVP) rheologies are not capable of properly simulating sea ice deformation, including lead formation, and thus, new formulations for sea ice rheologies have been suggested. Here we show that classical sea ice models have skill in simulating the spatial and temporal variation of lead area fraction in the Arctic when horizontal resolution is increased (here 4.5 km in the Arctic) and when numerical convergence in sea ice solvers is considered, which is frequently neglected. The model results are consistent with satellite remote sensing data and discussed in terms of variability and trends of Arctic sea ice leads. It is found, for example, that wintertime lead area fraction during the last three decades has not undergone significant trends.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Spectral reflectance library of algal, seagrass and substrate types in Moreton Bay, Australia (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-09-05
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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    KCC - Metadata (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-09-07
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 41
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    Layering of surface snow and firn at Kohnen Station, Antarctica - noise or seasonal signal? (2016)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, Wiley, 121, pp. 1849-1860, ISSN: 21699003
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-14
    Description: The density of firn is an important property for monitoring and modeling the ice sheet as well as to model the pore close-off and thus to interpret ice core-based greenhouse gas records. One feature, which is still in debate, is the potential existence of an annual cycle of firn density in low-accumulation regions. Several studies describe or assume seasonally successive density layers, horizontally evenly distributed, as seen in radar data. On the other hand, high-resolution density measurements on firn cores in Antarctica and Greenland showed no clear seasonal cycle in the top few meters. A major caveat of most existing snow-pit and firn-core based studies is that they represent one vertical profile from a laterally heterogeneous density field. To overcome this, we created an extensive dataset of horizontal and vertical density data at Kohnen Station, Dronning Maud Land on the East Antarctic Plateau. We drilled and analyzed three 90 m long firn cores as well as 160 one meter long vertical profiles from two elongated snow trenches to obtain a two dimensional view of the density variations. The analysis of the 45 m wide and 1 m deep density fields reveals a seasonal cycle in density. However, the seasonality is overprinted by strong stratigraphic noise, making it invisible when analyzing single firn cores. Our density dataset extends the view from the local ice-core perspective to a hundred meter scale and thus supports linking spatially integrating methods such as radar and seismic studies to ice and firn cores.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Preglacial to glacial sediment thickness grids for the Southern Pacific margin of West Antarctica (2016)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, Wiley, 17, ISSN: 1525-2027
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-10-29
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Site surveys in the Mariana Area (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-07
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Bottom photography and sediment analyses on CESAR (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-10
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 45
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    Linking education and science to increase awareness of marine plastic litter - Distribution of plastic waste on beaches of the German Bight (2016)
    Elsevier
    In:  EPIC3Fate and Impact of Microplastics in Marine Ecosystems, Fate and Impact of Microplastics in Marine Ecosystems, Elsevier, 1 p., pp. 162-163, ISBN: 978-0-12-812271-6
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-06-21
    Description: Since the 1950s more than 6.1 billion tons of plastics have been produced. It has been estimated that about 10% of this amount will be deposited long-term in theOceans. The problem is highlighted by several currentstudies using different environmental sampling protocols and analytical methods. Effects of this anthropogenic litter on the environment and organisms are heavily on debate, emphasizing the need to transfer this knowledge to young educated people and to fuel educational programs. The school lab OPENSEA at the Alfred-Wegener-Institute on Helgoland started a joint high school project on marine plastic litter in cooperation with the experts of the marine microplastics group at AWI to link science and education more closely. Based on the OSPAR protocol for beach monitoring of marine litter we developed an experimental set up focusing on sampling and identification of plastic litter on beaches, shores and in sediments in the course of the OPENSEA science and education program for grammar and high school scholars. This monitoring provides environmental data on marine plastic litter and will be integrated in a long term data monitoring program in the course of a citizen science study. In addition we plan to integrate also smaller plastic particles into the project. Fractionated sediment samples will be screened for particles 〉 0.5mm, which then will be analyzed by ATR-FT-IR. These educational activities, with a strong link to the latest science and to sophisticated technology will raise the awareness of younger people for the marine litter problematic. We aim at increasingtheir concerns after taking part in this program. We will present background information, sampling strategies, identification efforts and results based on this scholar science project.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Are consumers willing to switch to smart time of use electricity tariffs? (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-12
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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    Track line map of POLARSTERN campaigns (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-10-26
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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    Temporal variation of the deep circulation of the South China Sea since the Last Glacial Maximum (2016)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Geophysical Research Letters, Wiley, 43, pp. 8590-8599, ISSN: 0094-8276
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-14
    Description: Deepwater circulation plays a central role in global climate. Compared with the Atlantic, the Pacific deepwater circulation’s history remains unclear. The Luzon overflow, a branch of the North Pacific deep water, determines the ventilation rate of the South China Sea (SCS) basin. Sedimentary magnetic properties in the SCS reflect millennial-scale fluctuations in deep current intensity and orientation. The data suggest a slightly stronger current at the Last Glacial Maximum compared to the Holocene. But, the most striking increase in deep current occurred during Heinrich stadial 1 (H1) and to a lesser extent during the Younger Dryas (YD). Results of a transient deglacial experiment suggest that the northeastern current strengthening at the entrance of the SCS during H1 and the YD, times of weak North Atlantic Deep Water formation, could be linked to enhanced formation of North Pacific Deep Water.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Further details to Long-term forest meteorological data from the Long-term Forest Ecosystem Research Programme (LWF) (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-22
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 50
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    Geochemistry of ferromanganese nodules (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2016-12-13
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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    Södra och Mellersta Sveriges Sjö-och Myrmalmer (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2016-12-13
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 52
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    Trackline map and processing report for navigation sensors from Polarstern cruise PS101 (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-14
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 53
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    Zostera growth gradient (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2016-12-28
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 54
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    Petrology of Volcanic Rocks (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-22
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 55
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    Trackline maps and processing reports for navigation sensors from RV HEINCKE cruises (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-14
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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    Hierarchical structures in Northern Hemispheric extratropical winter ocean-atmosphere interactions (2016)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3International Journal of Climatology, Wiley, pp. 1-16, ISSN: 08998418
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: In recent years extensive studies on the Earth’s climate system have been carried out by means of advanced complex network statistics. The great majority of these studies, however, have been focusing on investigating correlation structures within single climatic fields directly on or parallel to the Earth’s surface. Here, we develop a novel approach of node weighted coupled network measures to study correlations between ocean and atmosphere in the Northern Hemisphere extratropics and construct 18 coupled climate networks, each consisting of two subnetworks. In all cases, one subnetwork represents monthly sea-surface temperature (SST) anomalies, while the other is based on the monthly geopotential height (HGT) of isobaric surfaces at different pressure levels covering the troposphere as well as the lower stratosphere. The weighted cross-degree density proves to be consistent with the leading coupled pattern obtained from maximum covariance analysis. Network measures of higher order allow for a further analysis of the correlation structure between the two fields and consistently indicate that in the Northern Hemisphere extratropics the ocean is correlated with the atmosphere in a hierarchical fashion such that large areas of the ocean surface correlate with multiple statistically dissimilar regions in the atmosphere. Ultimately we show that this observed hierarchy is linked to large-scale atmospheric variability patterns, such as the Pacific North American pattern, forcing the ocean on monthly time scales.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Spectral albedo and transmittance of thin young Arctic sea ice (2016)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, Wiley, ISSN: 0148-0227
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-01-20
    Description: Spectral albedo and transmittance in the range 400-900nm were measured on three separate dates on less than 15 cm thick new Arctic sea ice growing on Kongsfjorden, Svalbard at 78: 9 degrees N, 11: 9 degrees E. Inherent optical properties, including absorption coefficients of particulate and dissolved material, were obtained from ice samples and fed into a radiative transfer model, which was used to analyze spectral albedo and transmittance and to study the influence of clouds and snow on these. Integrated albedo and transmittance for photosynthetically active radiation (400-900 nm) were in the range 0.17-0.21 and 0.77-0.86, respectively. The average albedo and transmittance of the total solar radiation energy were 0.16 and 0.51, respectively. Values inferred from the model indicate that the ice contained possibly up to 40% brine and only 0.6% bubbles. Angular redistribution of solar radiation by clouds and snow was found to influence both the wavelength-integrated value and the spectral shape of albedo and transmittance. In particular, local peaks and depressions in the spectral albedo and spectral transmittance were found for wavelengths within atmospheric absorption bands. Simulated and measured transmittance spectra were within 5% for most of the wavelength range, but deviated up to 25% in the vicinity of 800 nm, indicating the need for more optical laboratory measurements of pure ice, or improved modeling of brine optical properties in this near-infrared wavelength region.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Atmospheric conditions in the central Arctic Ocean through the melt seasons of 2012 and 2013: Impact on surface conditions and solar energy deposition into the ice-ocean system (2016)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, Wiley, ISSN: 0148-0227
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-01-20
    Description: Spectral Radiation Buoys and ice mass balance buoys were deployed on first-year ice near the North Pole in April 2012 and 2013, collecting in-band (350-800nm) solar radiation and ice and snow mass balance data over the complete summer melt seasons. With complementary European ERA-Interim reanalysis, National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Climate forecast system version 2 (CFSv2) analysis and satellite passive microwave data, we examine the evolution of atmospheric and surface melt conditions in the two differing melt seasons. Prevailing atmospheric conditions contributed to a longer and more continuous melt season in summer 2012 than in 2013, which was corroborated by in situ observations. ERA-Interim reanalysis data showed that longwave radiation likely played a key role in delaying the snowmelt onset in 2013. The earlier melt onset in 2012 reduced the albedo, providing a positive ice-albedo feedback at a time when solar insolation was high. Due to earlier melt onset and later freeze-up in 2012, more solar heat was deposited into the ice-ocean system than in 2013. Summer 2013 was characterized by later melt onset, intermittent freezing events and an earlier fall freeze-up, resulting in considerably fewer effective days of surface melt and a higher average albedo. Calculations for idealized seasonal albedo evolution show that moving the melt onset just 1week earlier in mid-June increases the total absorbed solar radiation by nearly 14% for the summer season. Therefore, the earlier melt onset may have been one of the most important factors driving the more dramatic melt season in 2012 than 2013, though atmospheric circulation patterns, e.g., cyclone in early August 2012, likely contributed as well.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Automated Analysis of µFTIR Imaging Data for Microplastic Samples (2016)
    Elsevier
    In:  EPIC3Fate and Impact of Microplastics in Marine Ecosystems, Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-05-29
    Description: The pollution of the oceans with plastic particles smaller than 5 mm, called microplastics is moving into the focus of science and governments. To determine the amount of microplastics several steps are necessary, starting with the sampling, work up and finally analysis. Each step has its own challenges due to small size of the particles. For analysis the imaging with µFTIR microscopy is a powerful tool allowing the analysis of complete filters. Systematic screening for optimal conditions and filter materials have already been performed. This method has a high time demand regarding the measurement and data interpretation. While the measurement is performed mostly by the spectrometer, the interpretation has to be made by hand on the basis of false color images. To overcome the manual part we developed a novel approach based on the Bruker OPUS© Software to decrease the high time demand for the analysis of microplastics. With this approach it was possible to analyze measurement files from focal plane array (FPA) FTIR mapping containing up to 1.8 million single spectra. These spectra were compared with a database of different synthetic and natural polymers by various methods. By benchmark tests their performance was monitored with the focus on accuracy and data quality. After optimization high quality data was generated, which allowed image analysis. Based on these results an approach for image analysis was developed, giving information for the particle size distribution for each polymer type, particle distribution on the filter and polymer distribution for the particles. It was possible to collect all data with relative ease even for complex sample matrices. This approach has significantly decreased the time demand for the interpretation of FTIR-imaging data and increased the generated data quality.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Spatial and temporal Antarctic Ice Sheet mass trends, glacio-isostatic adjustment, and surface processes from a joint inversion of satellite altimeter, gravity, and GPS data (2016)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, Wiley, 121(2), pp. 182-200, ISSN: 2169-9011
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-08-15
    Description: We present spatiotemporal mass balance trends for the Antarctic Ice Sheet from a statistical inversion of satellite altimetry, gravimetry, and elastic-corrected GPS data for the period 2003–2013. Our method simultaneously determines annual trends in ice dynamics, surface mass balance anomalies, and a time-invariant solution for glacio-isostatic adjustment while remaining largely independent of forward models. We establish that over the period 2003–2013, Antarctica has been losing mass at a rate of −84 ± 22 Gt yr−1, with a sustained negative mean trend of dynamic imbalance of −111 ± 13 Gt yr−1. West Antarctica is the largest contributor with −112 ± 10 Gt yr−1, mainly triggered by high thinning rates of glaciers draining into the Amundsen Sea Embayment. The Antarctic Peninsula has experienced a dramatic increase in mass loss in the last decade, with a mean rate of −28 ± 7 Gt yr−1 and significantly higher values for the most recent years following the destabilization of the Southern Antarctic Peninsula around 2010. The total mass loss is partly compensated by a significant mass gain of 56 ± 18 Gt yr−1 in East Antarctica due to a positive trend of surface mass balance anomalies.
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    Supplementary data (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-08-29
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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    Remote Sensing of Landscape Change in Permafrost Regions (2016)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, Wiley, ISSN: 10456740
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-10-13
    Description: Amplification of global warming in Arctic and boreal regions is causing significant changes to permafrost-affected landscapes. The nature and extent of the change is complicated by ecological responses that take place across strong gradients in environmental conditions and disturbance regimes. Emerging remote sensing techniques based on a growing array of satellite and airborne platforms that cover a wide range of spatial and temporal scales increasingly allow robust detection of changes in permafrost landscapes. In this review, we summarise recent developments (2010 − 15) in remote sensing applications to detect and monitor landscape changes involving surface temperatures, snow cover, topography, surface water, vegetation cover and structure, and disturbances from fire and human activities. We then focus on indicators of degrading permafrost, including thermokarst lakes and drained lake basins, thermokarst bogs and fens, thaw slumps and active-layer detachment slides, thermal erosion gullies, thermokarst pits and troughs, and coastal erosion and flooding. Our review highlights the expanding sensor capabilities, new image processing and multivariate analysis techniques, enhanced public access to data and increasingly long image archives that are facilitating novel insights into the multi-decadal dynamics of permafrost landscapes. Remote sensing methods that appear especially promising for change detection include: repeat light detection and ranging, interferometric synthetic aperture radar and airborne geophysics for detecting topographic and subsurface changes; temporally dense analyses at high spatial resolution; and multi-sensor data fusion. Remotely sensed data are also becoming used more frequently as driving parameters in permafrost model and mapping schemes.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Dynamics of the Terra Nova Bay Polynya: The potential of multi-sensor satellite observations (2016)
    Elsevier
    In:  EPIC3Remote Sensing of Environment, Elsevier, 187, pp. 30-48, ISSN: 0034-4257
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-01-20
    Description: Research on processes leading to formation, maintenance, and disappearance of polynyas in the Polar Regions benefits significantly from the use of different types of remote sensing data. The Sentinels of the European Space Agency (ESA), together with other satellite missions, provide a variety of data from different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum, at different spatial scales, and with different temporal resolutions. In a case study we demonstrate the advantage of merging data from different spaceborne instruments for analysing ice conditions and ice dynamics in and around the frequently occurring Terra Nova Bay Polynya (TNBP) in the Ross Sea in the Antarctic. Starting with a list of polynya parameters that are typically retrieved from satellite images, we assess the usefulness of different sensor types. On regional scales (several 100 km), passive microwave radiometers provide a view on the mutual influence of the three Ross Sea polynyas on sea ice drift and deformation patterns. Optical sensors with meter-scale resolution, on the other hand, allow very localized analyses of different polynya zones. The combination of different ranges of the electromagnetic spectrum is essential for recognition and classification of ice types and structures. Radar images together with data from thermal infrared sensors, operated at tens to hundreds of meters resolution, improve the separation of the outlet zone of the polynya from the adjacent pack ice. The direct comparison of radar and passive microwave images reveals the visibility of deformed ice zone in the latter. A sequence of radar images was employed to retrieve ice drift around the TNB, which allows analysing the temporal changes of the polynya area and the extension and structure of the outlet zone as well as ice movements and deformation that are influenced by the katabatic winds.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Fair Data Use Statement for SOCAT (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2017-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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    Mapping of the air–sea CO2 flux in the Arctic Ocean and its adjacent seas: Basin-wide distribution and seasonal to interannual variability (2016)
    Elsevier
    In:  EPIC3Polar Science, Elsevier, 10(3), pp. 323-334, ISSN: 18739652
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-10-10
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Supplementary data - Food selectivity and processing by the cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2016-10-06
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Exhumation history along the eastern Amundsen Sea coast, West Antarctica, revealed by low-temperature thermochronology (2016)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Tectonics, Wiley, 35, pp. 2239-2257, ISSN: 0278-7407
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-08-10
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Über Manganwiesenerz (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2016-11-07
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Modeling of Store Gletscher’s calving dynamics, West Greenland, in response to ocean thermal forcing (2016)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Geophysical Research Letters, Wiley, 43(6), pp. 2659-2666, ISSN: 0094-8276
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-15
    Description: Glacier-front dynamics is an important control on Greenland's ice mass balance. Warmer ocean waters trigger ice-front retreats of marine-terminating glaciers, and the corresponding loss in resistive stress leads to glacier acceleration and thinning. Here we present an approach to quantify the sensitivity and vulnerability of marine-terminating glaciers to ocean-induced melt. We develop a plan view model of Store Gletscher that includes a level set-based moving boundary capability, a parameterized ocean-induced melt, and a calving law with complete and precise land and fjord topographies to model the response of the glacier to increased melt. We find that the glacier is stabilized by a sill at its terminus. The glacier is dislodged from the sill when ocean-induced melt quadruples, at which point the glacier retreats irreversibly for 27 km into a reverse bed. The model suggests that ice-ocean interactions are the triggering mechanism of glacier retreat, but the bed controls its magnitude.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Phenotypic variation in the gastropod Stramonita haemastoma (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2016-11-02
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    nodule found in Site 150 of DSDP Leg 15 (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2016-11-29
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Ocean Current Changes (2016)
    Elsevier
    In:  EPIC3Climate Change, Ocean Current Changes, Amsterdam, Elsevier, pp. 253-269
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-05
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Circumpolar polynya regions in the Arctic (overview) (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2016-12-08
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Poleward eddy heat flux anomalies associated with recent Arctic sea-ice loss (2016)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Geophysical Research Letters, Wiley, ISSN: 0094-8276
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-21
    Description: Details of the characteristics of upward planetary wave propagation associated with Arctic sea-ice loss under present climate conditions are examined using reanalysis data and simulation results. Recent Arctic sea-ice loss results in increased stratospheric poleward eddy heat fluxes in the eastern and central Eurasia regions and enhanced upward propagation of planetary-scale waves in the stratosphere. A linear decomposition scheme reveals that this modulation of the planetary waves arises from coupling of the climatological planetary wave field with temperature anomalies for the eastern Eurasia region and with meridional wind anomalies for the central Eurasia region. Propagation of stationary Rossby wave packets results in a dynamic link between these temperature and meridional wind anomalies with sea-ice loss over the Barents–Kara Sea. The results provide strong evidence that recent Arctic sea-ice loss significantly modulates atmospheric circulation in winter to modify poleward eddy heat fluxes so as to drive stratosphere–troposphere coupling processes.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    RV Ida Leg 192,3,4, core logs (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2017-01-25
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Episodic warming of near-bottom waters under the Arctic sea ice on the central Laptev Sea shelf (2016)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Geophysical Research Letters, Wiley, ISSN: 0094-8276
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-09-13
    Description: A multi-year mooring record (2007-2014) and satellite imagery highlight the strong temperature variability and unique hydrographic nature of the Laptev Sea. This Arctic shelf is a key region for river discharge and sea ice formation and export, and includes submarine permafrost and methane deposits, which emphasizes the need to understand the thermal variability near the seafloor. Recent years were characterized by early ice retreat and a warming near-shore environment. However, warming was not observed on the deeper shelf until year-round under-ice measurements recorded unprecedented warm near-bottom waters of +0.6°C in winter 2012/2013, just after the Arctic sea ice extent featured a record minimum. In the Laptev Sea, early ice retreat in 2012 combined with Lena River heat and solar radiation produced anomalously warm summer surface waters, which were vertically mixed, trapped in the pycnocline, and subsequently transferred toward the bottom until the water column cooled when brine rejection eroded stratification.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Experimental Evaluation of Seaweeds as a Vector for Microplastics into Marine Food Webs, supplementary material (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2016-01-18
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    New Antarctic gravity anomaly grid for enhanced geodetic and geophysical studies in Antarctica (2016)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Geophysical Research Letters, Wiley, 43(2), pp. 600-610, ISSN: 0094-8276
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-10-17
    Description: Gravity surveying is challenging in Antarctica because of its hostile environment and inaccessibility. Nevertheless, many ground-based, airborne, and shipborne gravity campaigns have been completed by the geophysical and geodetic communities since the 1980s. We present the first modern Antarctic-wide gravity data compilation derived from 13 million data points covering an area of 10 million km2, which corresponds to 73% coverage of the continent. The remove-compute-restore technique was applied for gridding, which facilitated leveling of the different gravity data sets with respect to an Earth gravity model derived from satellite data alone. The resulting free-air and Bouguer gravity anomaly grids of 10 km resolution are publicly available. These grids will enable new high-resolution combined Earth gravity models to be derived and represent a major step forward toward solving the geodetic polar data gap problem. They provide a new tool to investigate continental-scale lithospheric structure and geological evolution of Antarctica.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    R-script modified VS-Lite model (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2016-01-22
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Working on a baseline for the Kongsfjorden food web: Production and properties of macroalgal particulate organic matter (POM), supplementary material (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2016-02-01
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    How to run the Matlab script (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2016-02-02
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    ROV Station map of POLARSTERN cruise ANT-XIII/3 (PS39) (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2016-02-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    storage of carbon dioxide (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2016-02-20
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Supplement to: Kwoll et al. 2016 (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2016-02-19
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Submarine volcanism and the Toarcian iron pisolites of western Sicily (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2016-02-23
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Supplement to Elevated temperature (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2016-03-01
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Supplement to Wang et al. 2016 (2016)
    PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2016-03-04
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Vegetation-based climate reconstruction (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2016-03-02
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Growth and bioactive secondary metabolites of arctic Protoceratium reticulatum (Dinophyceae), link to supplementary material (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2016-03-04
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 90
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    supplement to: Tracer tests and uncertainty propagation to design monitoring setups in view of pharmaceutical mass flows analyses in sewer systems (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2016-02-26
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 91
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    Predictability of the Arctic sea ice edge (2016)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Geophysical Research Letters, Wiley, ISSN: 0094-8276
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-02-29
    Description: Skillful sea ice forecasts from days to years ahead are becoming increasingly important for the operation and planning of human activities in the Arctic. Here we analyze the potential predictability of the Arctic sea ice edge in six climate models. We introduce the integrated ice-edge error (IIEE), a user-relevant verification metric defined as the area where the forecast and the “truth” disagree on the ice concentration being above or below 15%. The IIEE lends itself to decomposition into an absolute extent error, corresponding to the common sea ice extent error, and a misplacement error. We find that the often-neglected misplacement error makes up more than half of the climatological IIEE. In idealized forecast ensembles initialized on 1 July, the IIEE grows faster than the absolute extent error. This means that the Arctic sea ice edge is less predictable than sea ice extent, particularly in September, with implications for the potential skill of end-user relevant forecasts.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Mapped mangrove ecosystem (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2016-03-10
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Bivalve molluscs associated oyster farming in the river Urindeua, eastern Amazonia, northern Brazil. (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2016-03-12
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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    Status of Mineral Resource Information (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2016-03-04
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 95
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    iron-manganese concretions from the Indian and Pacific Oceans (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-16
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 96
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    Photo73_Atlantis 151 - Atlantis Cruise 151 to Mediterranean Area (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-26
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: image/jpeg
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  • 97
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    Unknown
    Growth conditions of manganese nodules (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-01
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
    Format: image/jpeg
    Format: image/jpeg
    Format: image/jpeg
    Format: image/jpeg
    Format: image/jpeg
    Format: image/jpeg
    Format: image/jpeg
    Format: image/jpeg
    Format: image/jpeg
    Format: image/jpeg
    Format: image/jpeg
    Format: image/jpeg
    Format: image/jpeg
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    Format: image/jpeg
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    Format: image/jpeg
    Format: text/html
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  • 98
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Manganese Nodules Found at Onybygambah (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-27
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 99
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    A circumpolar dataset of grounded lake ice (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-04-25
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
    Format: application/zip
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 100
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Permafrost Favorability Index Map (PFI) (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-04-05
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
    Format: application/rar
    Format: application/rar
    Format: application/rar
    Format: application/rar
    Format: application/rar
    Format: application/rar
    Format: application/rar
    Format: application/rar
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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