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  • RFLP
  • Radioactivity
  • Springer  (37)
  • Annual Reviews
  • Elsevier
  • 1995-1999  (37)
  • 1999  (37)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • Springer  (37)
  • Annual Reviews
  • Elsevier
Years
  • 1995-1999  (37)
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular identification of co-occurring Cortinarius and Dermocybe species from southeastern Australian sclerophyll forests (1999)
    Springer
    Mycorrhiza 9 (1999), S. 85-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1890
    Keywords: Key words PCR ; RFLP ; ITS sequence analysis ; Ectomycorrhizal fungi ; Cortinarius taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The ability of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region to discriminate 10 co-occurring Cortinarius and Dermocybe species at a southeastern Australian sclerophyll forest site was assessed. Using the basidiomycete-specific primers ITS1F and ITS4B, some taxa were separated on the basis of individual RFLP patterns derived using the restriction endonucleases Hae III or Hinf I. Combined data from both endonucleases were, however, required to separate all taxa [Dermocybe austro-veneta Clel. (Moser & Horak), C. rotundisporus Clel. & Cheel, C. archeri Berk., C. sinapicolor Clel., C. violaceus (L.: Fr.) S.F.Gray, C. radicatus Clel. and four morphologically-distinct, but unidentified Cortinarius spp.]. ITS sequence comparisons confirmed that D. austro-veneta belongs in Dermocybe, that C. rotundisporus is correctly placed in subgenus Phlegmacium, and suggest that Australian C. violaceus collections are not conspecific with northern hemisphere C. violaceus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005720050004
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mantle heat flow and geotherms for the main geologic domains in Morocco (1999)
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 88 (1999), S. 458-466 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Keywords: Key words Heat flow ; Pn velocity ; Radioactivity ; Geotherm ; Morocco
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  Thermal and deep seismic soundings data are used to study the dependence between the compressional Pn velocity and the surface heat flow or the temperature at the Moho discontinuity in Morocco. This correlation indicates a significant decrease in Pn velocity where high heat flow and Moho temperature are observed. This result is consistent with respect to other regions of the world. Crustal heat generation models and geotherms are constructed for the major Moroccan geological domains extending from the Precambrian units in the south to the Alpine units in the north. The crustal contribution in surface heat flow is on average 35 mWm–2, with high values of 41–42 mWm–2 in the western and eastern Meseta where Hercynian granite intrusions could enrich the crust in radioactive heat sources. High mantle heat flow values are obtained beneath the Alboran neogene basin (62 mWm–2), the Rif (47 mWm–2), the Middle Atlas (41 mWm–2), and the south Atlantic margin (40 mWm–2) where the crust is thinned by an extensional tectonic regime. Despite their similar formation context, the intra-continental belts of the Middle and the High Atlas show different geothermal field components. A lithospheric heating process in the Middle Atlas could be the result of a Plio-Quaternary basaltic volcanism. Finally, the Precambrian basement of the Anti-Atlas like all the West African shield is a stable domain showing the lowest subsurface temperatures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005310050278
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new polymorphism in the 5' flanking region of the human interleukin (IL)-4 gene (1999)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 49 (1999), S. 738-739 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Keywords: Key words Interleukin (IL)-4 ; Promoter ; Polymorphism ; RFLP ; Linkage disequilibrium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002510050677
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phylogenetic analysis of Acacia (Mimosaceae) as revealed from chloroplast RFLP data (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 98 (1999), S. 291-298 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words DNA ; Molecular evolution ; Parsimony ; PAUP ; Phylogeny ; RFLP
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Chloroplast DNA of 22 species of Acacia (Tourn.) Miller was digested with ten restriction endonucleases, Southern-blotted and probed with cloned fragments covering the chloroplast genome of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). Phyletic and phenetic analyses of the resulting 176 polymorphic bands recorded among the 22 species were performed. The phylogram was reconstructed using heuristic search and Wagner parsimony. The resulting most parsimonious consensus phylogram displayed three major phyletic lineages, consistent with the previously established three subgenera of Acacia. The 10 species of subgenus Acacia and the 6 species of subgenus Heterophyllum formed two monophyletic sister clades. The 5 species of subgenus Aculeiferum studied and Acacia albida (Syn. Faidherbia albida) grouped together and were basal to the clades of subgenera Acacia and Heterophyllum. The phylogram indicated that subgenus Heterophyllum diverged earlier from subgenus Aculeiferum than did subgenus Acacia; however, the phenogram indicated the reverse. The study indicated that A. nilotica and A. farnesiana are sister species, though A. nilotica is Afro-Asiatic and A. farnesiana is American. The phenogram separated the three subgenera in agreement with the phylogram, but the two dendrograms differed regarding the topologies of the species and the distance of evolution between subgenera Acacia and Heterophyllum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051071
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mapping of Ve in tomato: a gene conferring resistance to the broad-spectrum pathogen, Verticillium dahliae race 1 (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 98 (1999), S. 315-319 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Linkage analysis ; Mapping populations ; Introgression Lines ; RFLP ; Host range
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The soil-borne fungi Verticillium spp. cause vascular wilt disease in a wide range of crop plants. In tomato, resistance to Verticillium dahliae race 1 is conferred by a single dominant gene, Ve. Previous efforts to map Ve in tomato have yielded confusing results, locating it on different chromosomes, which subsequently raised the possibility that Verticillium resistance may be controlled by a number of loci. We used three different mapping populations to obtain an unambiguous map location of Ve: a recombinant inbred (RI) line population; an F2 population segregating for Verticillium resistance; and a population of 50 introgression lines (IL). In all of the mapping populations Ve was positioned on the short arm of chromosome 9 tightly linked to the RFLP marker GP39. This linkage was confirmed by screening for GP39 in different breeding lines with known resistance or susceptibility to Verticillium. A perfect match was found between GP39 and the Verticillium response of the lines, indicating the potential of GP39 in the rapid detection of Verticillium resistance and as a starting point for map-based cloning of Ve. This approach is particularly relevant for Verticillium dahliae race 1, since in the present work we also show that the isolate that infects tomato is responsible for wilt disease in other important crop plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051075
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic linkage map of a wheat×spelt cross (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 98 (1999), S. 1163-1170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key wordsTriticum aestivum ; Triticum spelta ; RFLP ; Genetic map ; QTL
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  We constructed a genetic map of a cross between the Swiss winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) variety Forno and the Swiss winter spelt (Triticum spelta L.) variety Oberkulmer. For the linkage analysis,176 polymorphic RFLP probes and nine microsatellites were tested on 204 F5 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of Forno×Oberkulmer revealing 242 segregating marker loci. Thirty five percent of these loci showed significant (P〉0.05) deviation from a 1 : 1 segregation, and the percentage of Forno alleles ranged from 21% to 83% for individual marker loci. Linkage analysis was performed with the program MAPMAKER using the Haldane mapping function. Using a LOD threshold of 10, we obtained 37 linkage groups. After finding the best order of marker loci within linkage groups by multi-point analysis we assembled the linkage groups into 23 larger units by lowering the LOD threshold. All except one of the 23 new linkage groups could be assigned to physical chromosomes or chromosome arms according to hybridisation patterns of nulli-tetrasomic lines of Chinese Spring and published wheat maps. This resulted in a genetic map comprising 230 marker loci and spanning 2469 cM. Since the analysed population is segregating for a wide range of agronomically important traits, this genetic map is an ideal basis for the identification of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for these traits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051181
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    QTL mapping of resistance to Sporisorium reiliana in maize (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 593-598 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Keywords Maize ; Head smut ; Sporisorium reiliana ; QTL ; RFLP ; Ustilago maydis ; Puccinia sorghi
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  We mapped and characterized quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance to Sporisorium reiliana. A population of 220 F3 families produced from the cross of two European elite inbreds (D32, D145) was evaluated with two replications at a French location with high natural incidence of S. reiliana and at a Chinese location employing artificial inoculation. The 220 F3 families were genotyped with 87 RFLP and seven SSR markers. Using composite interval mapping, we identified two different sets of 3 and 8 QTL for the French and the Chinese locations explaining 13% and 44% of respectively. Individual QTL explained up to 14% of σ^2 p. The 11 QTL mapped to eight maize chromosomes and displayed mostly additive or partial dominant gene action. Significant digenic epistatic interactions were detected for one pair of these QTL. Only a few QTL for S. reiliana were in common with QTL for resistance to Ustilago maydis and Puccinia sorghi, identified at a German location for the same population. Consequently, in our materials resistance to these three fungal pathogens of maize seems to be inherited independently.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051273
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RFLP mapping of BaYMV resistance gene rym3 in barley (Hordeum vulgare) (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 727-732 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Hordeum vulgare ; BaYMV ; Resistance gene ; RFLP ; Mapping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The rym3 (formerly designated ym3) gene conferring resistance to barley yellow mosaic virus (BaYMV) is effective against all strains of the virus but up to now has not been mapped to any chromosome. We performed a linkage analysis, using DNA extracted from individually harvested mature leaves of 153 F2 plants derived from a cross between BaYMV-resistant cv ’Ishuku Shirazu’ carrying rym3 and susceptible cv ’Ko A’. Additionally, the F3 lines derived from F2 plants were grown in the BaYMV-infested field and examined for their reaction to BaYMV. Our results indicated that rym3 is located on the short arm of chromosome 5H and flanked by RFLP markers MWG28and ABG705A at distances of 7.2 and 11.7 cM, respectively. The chromosomal configuration estimated by DNA markers around rym3 and the utilization of these molecular markers for pyramiding with the BaYMV resistance genes in barley breeding programs are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051290
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Linkage relationships among molecular markers and storage root traits of carrot (Daucus carota L. ssp. sativus) (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 58-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Genetic map ; RFLP ; AFLP ; RAPD ; SAMPL ; Daucus carota L. ssp. sativus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  A 109-point linkage map consisting of three phenotypic loci (P 1, Y 2, and Rs), six restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), two random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs), 96 amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs), and two selective amplification of microsatellite polymorphic loci (SAMPL) was constructed for carrot (Daucus carota L. ssp. sativus; 2n=2x=18). The incidence of polymorphism was 36% for RFLP probes, 20% for RAPD primers, and 42% for AFLP primers. The overall incidence of disturbed segregation was 18%. Linkage relationships at a LOD score of 4.0 and θ=0.25 indicated 11 linkage groups. The total map length was 534.4 cM and the map was clearly unsaturated with markers spaced at 4.9 cM. AFLP P6B15 was 1.7 cM from P 1, AFLP P1B34 was 2.2 cM from Y 2, and AFLP P3B30XA was 8.1 cM from Rs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051208
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Linkage disequilibrium among modern sugarcane cultivars (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 1053-1060 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Sugarcane cultivars ; Linkage disequilibrium ; Foundation bottleneck ; Interspecific hybrids ; RFLP
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Modern sugarcane cultivars are derived from a few interspecific hybrids created early in this century. Linkage disequilibrium was investigated in a population of 59 cultivars representing the most important commercial clones bred in Mauritius as well as a few old cultivars involved in their genealogy. Thirty-eight probes scattered over the sugarcane genome map were used to reveal RFLPs. Forty-two cases of bilocus associations were observed involving a total of 33 loci. Most of them are separated by less than 10 cM. All the corresponding allele couples were found in at least 1 of the originally created cultivars, suggesting that they depict ancient associations. This global disequilibrium is interpreted as the result of the foundation bottleneck related to the first interspecific crosses; the preferential allele associations thus created have been maintained through subsequent crosses when the loci were closely linked. This phenomenon is likely also to apply to genes of agricultural interest. A practical consequence is that markers can be used to track known QTLs in modern breeding materials without the necessity to repeatedly study segregating progenies. This structure gives high value to the correlation between molecular markers and agricultural traits among cultivars.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051414
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of S tester lines in Brassica oleracea: polymorphism of restriction fragment length of SLG homologues and isoelectric points of S-locus glycoproteins (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 98 (1999), S. 1329-1334 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Brassica oleracea ; S haplotype ; Self-incompatibility ; RFLP ; IEF
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Forty three S tester lines of Brassica oleracea were characterized using DNA and protein gel-blotting analyses. DNA gel-blot analysis of HindIII-digested genomic DNA with class-I and class-II SLG probes revealed that 40 lines could be classified as class-I S haplotypes while three lines could be classified as class-II S haplotypes. The band patterns in the S tester lines were highly polymorphic. Although the S tester lines typically showed two bands corresponding to SLG and SRK in the analysis with the class-I SLG probe, only one band was observed in the S 24 homozygote. This band was identified as SRK, suggesting that this haplotype has no class-I SLG band. In the analysis using the class-II SLG probe, one plant yielded a different band pattern from the known class-II haplotypes, S 2 , S 5 and S 15 . Unexpectedly, this plant was reciprocally cross-incompatible with the S 2 haplotype. Therefore, it was designated as S 2-b . We found an S 13 haplotype having a restriction fragment length polymorphism different from that of the S 13 homozygotes of the S tester line. These findings indicate that S homozygous lines with the same S specificity do not necessarily show the same band pattern in the DNA gel-blot analysis. Soluble stigma proteins of 32 S homozygotes were separated by isoelectric focusing and detected using anti-S 22 SLG antiserum. S haplotype-specific bands were detected in 27 S homozygotes but not in five S homozygotes, including the S 24 homozygote. This is consistent with the observation that the S 24 haplotype had no SLG band.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051199
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Breeding for ”low-gossypol seed and high-gossypol plants” in upland cotton. Analysis of tri-species hybrids and backcross progenies using AFLPs and mapped RFLPs (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 1233-1244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Cotton ; Gossypol ; Wide hybridization ; Backcrossing ; DNA markers ; AFLP ; RFLP ; Introgression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  This work aims at breeding upland cotton [Gossypium hirsutum L., 2(AD)1 genome] with a reduced level of gossypol in the seeds for optimal food and feed uses, and a high gossypol level in the remaining organs for resistance to pests. Two tri-species Gossypium hybrids, (G. thurberi–G. sturtianum–G. hirsutum and G. hirsutum–G. raimondii–G. sturtianum) including G. sturtianum (2C1) as a donor, G. thurberi (2D1) and G. raimondii (2D5) as a bridge species, were created. Recurrent selection initiated with these tri-species hybrids produced backcross (BC) progenies expressing the ”low-gossypol seed and high-gossypol plant” trait at different levels. We used AFLP markers to assess the genetic similarity among the germplasm and RFLP probes to tag the introgression of specific chomosome segments from the parental species. Five pairs of AFLP primers generated 477 fragments, among which 417 (87.4%) were polymorphic. The genetic similarity between the upland cotton and the wild species ranged from 29.5 to 43.2%, while similarity reached 80% between upland cotton and BC3 plants. Introgression of species-specific AFLPs was evident from all the parental species and confirmed the hybrid origin of the analyzed progenies. Southern-blot analysis based on 49 RFLP probes allowed us to trace the introgression of parental DNA segments in the tri-species hybrids and in three generations of backcross. Introgression was evident from 11, 8 and 7 linkage groups of G. sturtianum, G. raimondii and G. thurberi respectively. The types of introgression revealed by RFLP probes are discussed, and breeding schemes to enhance recombination are proposed. The ability to trace DNA segments of known chromosomal locations from the donor G. sturtianum through segregating generations is a starting point to map the ”low-gossypol seed and high-gossypol plant” traits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051329
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RFLP markers associated with soybean cyst nematode resistance and seed composition in a ‘Peking’בEssex’ population (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 98 (1999), S. 356-364 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words SCN ; RFLP ; QTL ; Molecular marker ; Soybean
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines Ichinohe, causes severe damage to soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] throughout North America and worldwide. Molecular markers associated with loci conferring SCN resistance would be useful in breeding programs using marker-assisted selection (MAS). In this study, 200 F2:3 families derived from two contrasting parents, SCN-resistant ‘Peking’ with relatively low protein and oil concentrations, and SCN-susceptible ‘Essex’ with high protein and oil concentrations, were used to determine loci underlying the SCN resistance and seed composition. Three different SCN Race isolates (1, 3, and 5) were used to screen both parents and F2:3 families. The parents were surveyed with 216 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) probes with five different restriction enzymes. Fifty-six were polymorphic and contrasted with trait data from bioassays to identify molecular markers associated with loci controlling resistance to SCN and seed composition. Five RFLP markers, A593 and T005 on linkage group (LG) B, A018 on LG E, and K014 and B072 on LG H, were significantly linked to resistance loci for Race 1 isolate, which jointly explained 57.7% of the total phenotypic variation. Three markers (B072 and K014, both on LG H; T005 on LG B) were associated with resistance to the Race 3 isolate and jointly explained 21.4% of the total phenotypic variation. Two markers (K011 on LG I, A963 on LG E) associated with resistance to the Race 5 isolate together explained 14.0% of the total phenotypic variation. In the same population we also identified two RFLP markers (B072 on LG H, B148 on LG F) associated with loci conferring protein concentration, which jointly explained 32.3% of the total phenotypic variation. Marker B072 was also linked to loci controlling the concentration of seed oil, which explained 21% of the total phenotypic variation. Clustering among quantitative trait loci (QTLs) conditioning resistance to different SCN Race isolates and seed protein and oil concentrations may exist in this population. We believe that markers located near these QTLs could be used to select for new SCN resistance and higher levels of seed protein and oil concentrations in breeding improved soybean cultivars.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051080
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Integration of dinucleotide microsatellites from hexaploid bread wheat into a genetic linkage map of durum wheat (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 98 (1999), S. 1202-1207 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Wheat microsatellites ; Linkage map ; RFLP ; T. turgidum ssp. durum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Seventy nine microsatellite markers from hexaploid bread wheat (T. aestivum L.) were integrated into a genetic linkage map of durum wheat (T. turgidum ssp. durum (Desf.) Huns.) created by RFLP segregation data from a population of 65 recombinant inbred lines. The results indicate a relatively even distribution of microsatellite loci and demonstrate that microsatellite markers from hexaploid wheat provide an excellent source of molecular markers for use in the genetics and breeding of durum wheat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051185
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An integrated high-density RFLP-AFLP map of tomato based on two Lycopersicon esculentum×L. pennellii F2 populations (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 254-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Molecular markers ; Integrated linkage map ; Tomato ; Lycopersicon species ; AFLP ; RFLP
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Two independent F2 populations of Lycopersicon esculentum×L. pennellii which have previously been investigated in RFLP mapping studies were used for construction of a highly saturated integrated AFLP map. This map spanned 1482 cM and contained 67 RFLP markers, 1078 AFLP markers obtained with 22 EcoRI+MseI primer combinations and 97 AFLP markers obtained with five PstI+MseI primer combinations, 231 AFLP markers being common to both populations. The EcoRI+MseI AFLP markers were not evenly distributed over the chromosomes. Around the centromeric region, 848 EcoRI+ MseI AFLP markers were clustered and covered a genetic distance of 199 cM, corresponding to one EcoRI+ MseI AFLP marker per 0.23 cM; on the distal parts 1283 cM were covered by 230 EcoRI+MseI AFLP markers, corresponding to one marker per 5.6 cM. The PstI/MseI AFLP markers showed a more even distribution with 16 PstI/MseI AFLP markers covering a genetic distance of 199 cM around the centromeric regions and 81 PstI/MseI AFLP markers covering a genetic distance of 1283 cM on the more distal parts, corresponding to one marker per 12 and 16 cM respectively. In both populations a large number of loci showed a significant skewed segregation, but only chromosome 10 loci showed skewness that was similar for both populations. This ultra-dense molecular-marker map provides good perspectives for genetic and breeding purposes and map-based cloning.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051231
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular investigation of the genetic base of sugarcane cultivars (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 171-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Saccharum officinarum ; Sugarcane cultivars ; Polyploid ; Genetic diversity ; RFLP
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Molecular diversity was analysed among 162 clones of sugarcane using DNA restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). One hundred and nine of them were modern cultivars of interspecific origin; most of them were bred in Barbados or in Mauritius. Fifty three were from Saccharum officinarum species, which is the major source of genes in modern cultivars, prevailing over the part of the genome incorporated from the wild species Saccharum spontaneum. Twelve low-copy nuclear DNA probes scattered over the genome were used in combination with one or two restriction enzymes. A total of 399 fragments was identified, 386 of which were polymorphic. Each sugarcane clone displayed a high number of fragments per probe/enzyme combination, illustrating the polyploid constitution of the genome. Among the S. officinarum clones, those from New Guinea had the largest variability and encompassed that present among clones collected from the Indonesian Islands and those known to have been involved in the parentage of modern cultivars. This is in agreement with the hypothesis that New Guinea is the centre of origin of this species. The clones from New Caledonia formed a separate group and could correspond to S. officinarum clones modified through introgression with other members of the ‘Saccharum complex’. Despite the low number of S. officinarum clones used for breeding cultivars, more than 80% of the markers present in the whole S. officinarum sample were also found in modern cultivars due probably to a high heterozygosity related to polyploidy. Among the cultivars, the two main groups, originating from Barbados and Mauritius, were clearly separated. This appeared essentially due to S. spontaneum alleles present in Mauritian cultivars and absent in Barbadan ones, probably in relation to the regular use of early generation interspecific hybrids in the breeding program employed in Mauritius.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051222
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A composite map of expressed sequences and phenotypic traits of the sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) genome (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 218-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Sunflower ; Linkage mapping ; cDNA ; RFLP ; Phenotypic traits ; Composite mapping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  A map of the sunflower genome, based on expressed sequences and consisting of 273 loci, was constructed. The map incorporates data from seven F2 populations, for a total of 1115 individuals. Two hundred and fourty five loci corresponding to 170 anonymous cDNA markers and four loci for morphological markers were mapped. We also mapped 18 loci corresponding to previously described genes or to sequences obtained through homology cloning. The unit maps vary from 774 cM to 1060 cM, with an average value of 14 major linkage groups. The integrated map is arranged in 17 major linkage groups including 238 loci, plus four small segments with 2–5 marker loci; and covers 1573 cM with an overall average marker interval of 7 cM. Thirty five percent of the markers were dominant in nature and 30% showed inter-linkage group duplication without any indication of homoeologous linkage groups. Evidence is provided for the independence of two distinct fertility restoration genes, for the presence of two loosely linked branching loci, and for marker tightly linked to the Rf1 restoration locus. This map provides an efficient tool in breeding applications such as disease-resistance mapping, QTL analyses and marker-assisted selection.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051228
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    Identification and mapping of a gene conferring resistance to the spot form of net blotch (Pyrenophora teres f maculata) in barley (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 323-327 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Hordeum vulgare ; Disease resistance ; Genetic mapping ; RFLP ; QTL
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Spot form of net blotch (SFNB) (Pyrenophora teres f maculata) is an economically damaging foliar disease of barley in many of the world’s cereal growing areas. The development of SFNB-resistant cultivars may be accelerated through the use of molecular markers. A screen for SFNB resistance in 96 lines identified four new sources of resistance, including a feed variety, ‘Galleon’, for which a fully mapped doubled haploid population was available. Segregation data indicated SFNB resistance was conferred by a single gene in the ‘Galleon’בHaruna Nijo’ cross, positioned on the long arm of chromosome 7H. This gene is designated Rpt4 and is flanked by the RFLP loci Xpsr117(D) and Xcdo673 at distances of 6.9 cM and 25.9 cM, respectively. The marker Xpsr117(D) was validated using another population segregating for Rpt4, correctly predicting SFNB resistance with more than 90% accuracy.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051239
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    Comparative mapping in loblolly and radiata pine using RFLP and microsatellite markers (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 656-662 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Comparative mapping ; RFLP ; Microsatellite markers ; Loblolly pine ; Radiata pine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Genetic linkage maps were constructed for loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) and radiata pine (P. radiata D. Don) using a common set of RFLP and microsatellite markers. The map for loblolly pine combined data from two full-sib families and consisted of 20 linkage groups covering 1281 cM. The map for radiata pine had 14 linkage groups and covered 1223 cM. All of the RFLP probes readily hybridise between loblolly and radiata pine often producing similar hybridisation patterns. There were in total 60 homologous RFLP loci mapped in both species which could be used for comparative purposes. A set of 20 microsatellite markers derived from radiata pine were also assayed; however, only 9 amplified and revealed polymorphic loci in both species. Single-locus RFLP and microsatellite markers were used to match up linkage groups and compare order between species. Twelve syntenic groups were obtained each consisting of from 3 to 9 homologous loci. The order of homologous loci was colinear in most cases, suggesting no major chromosomal rearrangements in the evolution of these species. Comparative mapping between loblolly and radiata pine should facilitate genetic research in both species and provide a framework for mapping in other pine species.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051281
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    Molecular mapping of two dwarfing genes differing in their GA response on chromosome 2H of barley (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 670-675 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Dwarfing genes ; GA insensitivity ; Genetic mapping ; RFLP ; Hordeum vulgare
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract   The two recessive dwarfing mutants gai (GA-ins) and gal (GA-less), differing in their response to exogenously applied gibberellic acid (GA3), were mapped in the centromere region and on the long arm, respectively, of the barley chromosome 2H. The gene gai, which determines reduced plant height and GA insensitivity pleiotropically, was found to co-segregate with the two RFLP markers Xmwg2058 and Xmwg2287. Both markers are known to map close to the centromere. The GA-sensitive dwarfing gene gal was found to be linked to the three co-segregating RFLP markers Xmwg581, Xmwg882 and Xmwg2212 (proximal) and XksuG5 (distal) by 3.6 and 9.5. cM, respectively. The distance between the two mutant loci was estimated to be about 55 cM. Homoeologous relationships between the dwarfing genes within the Triticeae are discussed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051283
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    Variable genome composition in Triticum×Leymus amphiploids (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 1087-1093 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Amphiploid ; Triticum ; Leymus ; FISH ; RFLP ; Ribosomal genes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Three different amphiploid lines originated from crosses between wheat (Triticum L.) and lymegrass (Leymus Hochst.) were analysed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using total genomic DNA and 18S.26S ribosomal genes (rDNA). Based on the genomic probes, these lines were the same in that they all were allohexaploids (2n=6x=42) containing 30 wheat and 12 lymegrass chromosomes. The ribosomal gene mapping further identified species origin of the chromosomes, whereby the lymegrass parent was undoubtedly L. mollis and the wheat was likely to be a Triticum species having the AB genomes. This rDNA mapping was also able to reveal differences in the genome composition among these lines, and such differences were mainly in the wheat nucleolar organizing regions (Nor). The first line (M) had two Nor-B1 (1BS), the second line (G) had one Nor-B1 (1BS), two Nor-B2 (6BS) and two Nor-A1 (1AS), whereas the third line (U) had the same Nor loci as the second line but two sites each. The wheat ribosomal genes were variably expressed depending on the lines, but the lymegrass loci appeared inactive. All three lines had the same Nor loci belonging to L. mollis, two Nor-m1 and two Nor-m2. Analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of the rDNA confirmed the identity of L. mollis parent in all three lines and verified the differences in the wheat ribosomal genes among them. These amphiploids were, however, similar in their restriction profiles, therefore indicating common origin. The molecular and cytogenetic evidence here suggested that these annual, fully fertile amphiploids that originated from the same crosses 40 years ago became genetically differentiated and fixed in stable forms.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051313
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    Towards a saturated sorghum map using RFLP and AFLP markers (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 98 (1999), S. 320-328 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Sorghum ; RFLP ; AFLP ; Genetic linkage map
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  A near-saturated sorghum genetic linkage map was produced using RFLP, AFLP and morphological markers. First a composite, essentially RFLP-based genetic linkage map was obtained from analyses of two recombinant inbred populations. This map includes 343 loci for 11 linkage groups spanning 1352 cM. Since this map was constructed with many previously mapped heterologous probes, it offers a good basis for synteny studies. Separately, an AFLP map was obtained from the analysis of 168 bands revealed from 12 primer pair combinations. It includes 137 loci for 11 linkage groups spanning 849 cM. Taking into account the different data sets, we constructed a combined genetic linkage map including 443 loci spanning 1899 cM. Two main features are to be noted: (1) the distribution of AFLPs along the genome is not uniform; (2) an important stretching of the former core map is induced after adding the AFLPs.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051076
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    RFLP- and physical mapping of resistance gene homologues in rice (O. sativa) and Barley (H. vulgare) (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 98 (1999), S. 509-520 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Resistance gene ; RFLP ; YAC contig ; Fragmentation ; Gene cluster
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The deduced peptide sequences of 25 gene fragments of NBS-LRR resistance (R) gene homologues from rice and barley and of characterized R genes were compared, revealing a string of six conserved motifs. Mapping of the R-gene candidates in rice showed linkage to genes conferring race-specific resistance to rice blast (Pi-k, Pi-f and Pi-1) and bacterial blight disease (Xa-1, Xa-3 and Xa-4), in barley to powdery mildew (Mla) and the rust fungus (Rpg1). In rice four mixed clusters were detected, each harboring at least two highly dissimilar NBS-LRR genes. A YAC-contig was established for one of these mixed clusters. YAC fragmentation experiments revealed the presence of at least five NBS-LRR genes within 200 kb in head-to-tail orientation.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051099
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    Detection of quantitative trait loci on chromosome 5R of rye (Secale cereale L.) (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 98 (1999), S. 1087-1090 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Quantitative trait loci ; Genetic mapping ; RFLP ; Agronomic characters ; Secale cereale L.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Progenies of an F2 mapping population were analyzed for quantitative traits to detect QTLs by using marker information from F2 plants for chromosome 5R. The mapping population was segregating for the major dwarfing gene Ddw1 and the gene Hp1 for hairy peduncle. The only QTL determining plant height was located between HP1 and Ddw1 on the distal part of chromosome 5RL. At the same position a QTL for peduncle length was found, and this trait was closely related to plant height (r=0.895). Since Hp1 and Ddw1 are dominant marker loci, no dominance effect could be estimated. The QTLs for spike length and the number of florets were located near the centromere on 5RL. These two traits were correlated with r=0.824 and showed partial dominance, but these traits were not correlated to plant height and peduncle length. Homoeologous relationships between the QTLs mapped for the first time in rye and those mapped in other Triticeae members are discussed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051171
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    Quantitative trait loci associated with resistance to Fusarium head blight and kernel discoloration in barley (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 561-569 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Fusarium head blight ; Scab ; Kernel discoloration ; Black point ; Kernel blight ; Deoxynivalenol (DON) ; RFLP ; Barley
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB), deoxynivalenol (DON) accumulation, and kernel discoloration (KD) in barley are difficult traits to introgress into elite varieties because current screening methods are laborious and disease levels are strongly influenced by environment. To improve breeding strategies directed toward enhancing these traits, we identified genomic regions containing quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with resistance to FHB, DON accumulation, and KD in a breeding population of F4:7 lines using restriction fragment length polymorphic (RFLP) markers. We evaluated 101 F4:7 lines, derived from a cross between the cultivar Chevron and an elite breeding line, M69, for each of the traits in three or four environments. We used 94 previously mapped RFLP markers to create a linkage map. Using composite interval mapping, we identified 10, 11, and 4 QTLs associated with resistance to FHB, DON accumulation, and KD, respectively. Markers flanking these QTLs should be useful for introgressing resistance to FHB, DON accumulation, and KD into elite barley cultivars.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051269
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    Development and utility of cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences (CAPS) and restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) linked to the Fom-2 fusarium wilt resistance gene in melon (Cucumis melo L.) (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 453-463 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Cucumis melo ; Molecular markers ; RAPD ; CAPS ; RFLP ; Fusarium oxysporum ; Fusarium resistance ; Marker-assisted selection (MAS)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht f. sp. melonis Snyder & Hans, is a worldwide soil-borne disease of melon (Cucumis melo L.). Resistance to races 0 and 1 of Fusarium wilt is conditioned by the dominant gene Fom-2. To facilitate marker-assisted backcrossing with selection for Fusarium wilt resistance, we developed cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences (CAPS) and restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) markers by converting RAPD markers E07 (a 1.25-kb band) and G17 (a 1.05-kb band), respectively. The RAPD-PCR polymorphic fragments from the susceptible line ’Vedrantais’ were cloned and sequenced in order to construct primers that would amplify only the target fragment. The derived primers, E07SCAR-1/E07SCAR-2 from E07 and G17SCAR-1/G17SCAR-2 from G17, yielded a single 1.25-kb fragment (designated SCE07) and a 1.05-kb fragment (designated SCG17) (the same as RAPD markers E07 and G17), respectively, from both resistant and susceptible melon lines, thus demonstrating locus-specific associated primers. Potential CAPS markers were first revealed by comparing sequence data between fragments amplified from resistant (PI 161375) and susceptible (’Vedrantais’) lines and were then confirmed by electrophoresis of restriction endonuclease digestion products. Twelve restriction endonucleases were evaluated for their potential use as CAPS markers within the SCE07 fragment. Three (BclI, MspI, and BssSI) yielded ideal CAPS markers and were subsequently subjected to extensive testing using an additional 88 diverse melon cultigens, 93 and 119 F2 individuals from crosses of ’Vedrantais’ x PI 161375 and ’Ananas Yokneam’×MR-1 respectively, and 17 families from a backcross BC1S1 population derived from the breeding line ’MD8654’ as a resistance source. BclI- and MspI-CAPS are susceptible-linked markers, whereas the BssSI-CAPS is a resistant-linked marker. The CAPS markers that resulted from double digestion by BclI and BssSI are co-dominant. Results from BclI- and MspI-CAPS showed over 90% accuracy in the melon cultigens, and nearly 100% accuracy in the F2 individuals and BC1S1 families tested. This is the first report of PCR-based CAPS markers linked to resistance/susceptibility for Fusarium wilt in melon. The RFLP markers resulting from probing with a clone-derived 1.05-kb SCG17 PCR fragment showed 85% correct matches to the disease phenotype. Both the CAPS and RFLP markers were co-dominant, easier to score, and more accurate and consistent in predicting the melon phenotype than the RAPD markers from which they were derived.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051257
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    Differentiating PVYNTN by unique single-restriction cleavage of PCR products (1999)
    Springer
    Potato research 42 (1999), S. 215-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: potato virus Y ; strain differentiation ; RFLP ; potato tuber necrotic ringspot disease ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A procedure for differentiating PVYNTN from PVYN is described and is based on the unique cleavage of their respective PCR products with strain specific restriction endonucleases. The PCR products corresponding to the 5′ end of the N and NTN strains of PVY were cloned and sequenced, and a restriction map was constructed which included common enzymes that were used for the differentiation of PVYNTN. Unique, single cleavage of PCR products derived from the 5′ end of the PVYNTN genome by Nco I, and that of the N-strain of PVY by Bgl II restriction endonuclease were demonstrated. The specific digestion patterns in polyacrylamide gel were used for the unequivocal differentiation between the N and NTN strains of the virus. Both single and mixed infections were detected in field samples of potatoes using this procedure.
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    Mapping loci associated with milling yield in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (1999)
    Springer
    Molecular breeding 5 (1999), S. 561-568 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9788
    Keywords: wheat ; milling yield ; QTL mapping ; RFLP ; microsatellite
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A partial genetic linkage map constructed using 150 single seed descent (SSD) lines generated from a cross between the hexaploid wheat varieties ‘Schomburgk’ and ‘Yarralinka’ was used to identify loci controlling milling yield. Milling yield data were obtained using seed collected from field trials conducted at different sites over two seasons. The estimated broad-sense heritability of milling yield in this population was calculated as 0.48. In the preliminary analysis, two regions were identified on chromosomes 3A and 7D, which were significantly associated with milling yield and accounted for 22% and 19% of the genetic variation, respectively. Bulked segregant analysis in combination with AFLP identified other markers linked to these loci, as well as an additional region on chromosome 5A, which accounted for 19% of the genetic variation. The applicability of these markers as selection tools for breeding purposes is discussed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009678023431
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    Identification of quantitative trait loci for nitrogen use efficiency in maize (1999)
    Springer
    Molecular breeding 5 (1999), S. 187-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9788
    Keywords: gene mapping ; low nitrogen tolerance ; nitrogen use efficiency ; RFLP ; Zea mays L.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Intensively managed crop systems are normally dependent on nitrogen input to maximize yield potential. Improvements in nitrogen- use efficiency (NUE) in crop plants may support the development of cropping systems that are more economically efficient and environment friendly. The objective of this study was to map and characterize quantitative trait loci (QTL) for NUE in a maize population. In preliminary experiments, inbred lines contrasting for NUE were identified and were used to generate populations of F2:3 families for genetic study. A total of 214 F2:3 families were evaluated in replicated trials under high nitrogen (280 kg/ha) and low nitrogen (30 kg/ha) conditions in 1996 and 1997. Analysis of ear-leaf area, plant height, grain yield, ears per plant, kernels number per ear, and kernel weight indicated significant genetic variation among F2:3 families. The heritability of these traits was found to be high (h2=0.57–0.81). The mapping population were genotyped using a set of 99 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers. A linkage map of these markers was developed and used to identify QTL. Between two and six loci were found to be associated with each trait. The correspondence of several genomic regions with traits measured under nitrogen limited conditions suggests the presence of QTL associated with NUE. QTLs will help breeders to improve their maize ideotype of a low-nitrogen efficiency by identifying those constitutive and adaptive traits involved in the expression of traits significantly correlated with yield, such as ear leaf area and number of ears per plant.
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    Leek Proliferation: A New Phytoplasma Disease in the Czech Republic and Italy (1999)
    Springer
    European journal of plant pathology 105 (1999), S. 487-493 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8469
    Keywords: electron microscopy ; molecular identification ; PCR ; RFLP
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract During the summer 1996, twelve of twenty-eight leek plants located in a garden near České Budějovice, South Bohemia exhibited symptoms typical of diseases associated with phytoplasmas. In summer 1998 similar symptoms were detected in leek plants in a field used for seed production located in Romagna, North Italy. In both cases the plants were established in the spring of the previous year. Plants showed flower abnormalities: stamen elongation, anther sterility, pistil proliferation, as well as poor, if any, seed production. Phytoplasma-like structures were detected by scanning and transmission electron microscopy in phloem sieve elements in the Czech diseased plants, but not in healthy ones. Nested-PCR amplifications of extracted DNA with phytoplasma-specific oligonucleotide primer pairs confirmed the presence of phytoplasmas in these plants at low concentrations. Restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses of amplified ribosomal sequences allowed the identification of detected phytoplasmas: all the samples from the Czech Republic contained aster yellows related phytoplasmas (16SrI-B) while in the Italian samples aster yellows related phytoplasmas (16SrI-B) together with stolbur related phytoplasmas (16SrXII-A) were identified. This is the first report of detection and identification of a phytoplasma disease of leek in the Czech Republic and Italy.
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    Gene and Genotypic Diversity of Phytophthora cinnamomi in South Africa and Australia Revealed by DNA Polymorphisms (1999)
    Springer
    European journal of plant pathology 105 (1999), S. 667-680 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8469
    Keywords: asexual reproduction ; mating types ; oomycetes ; origin ; RAPD ; RFLP ; population genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Phytophthora cinnamomi isolates from South Africa and Australia were compared to assess genetic differentiation between the two populations. These two populations were analysed for levels of phenotypic diversity using random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) and gene and genotypic diversity using restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). Sixteen RAPD markers from four decanucleotide Operon primers and 34 RFLP alleles from 15 putative loci were used. A few isolates from Papua New Guinea known to posses alleles different from Australian isolates were also included for comparative purposes. South African and Australian P. cinnamomi populations were almost identical with an extremely low level of genetic distance between them (Dm=0.003). Common features for the two populations include shared alleles, low levels of phenotypic/genotypic diversity, high clonality, and low observed and expected levels of heterozygosity. Furthermore, relatively high levels of genetic differentiation between mating type populations (Dm South Africa=0.020 and Dm Australia=0.025 respectively), negative fixation indices, and significant deviations from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, all provided evidence for the lack of frequent sexual reproduction in both populations. The data strongly suggest that both the South African and Australian P. cinnamomi populations are introduced.
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    Identification of a RAPD marker linked to a brown planthopper resistance gene in rice (1999)
    Springer
    Euphytica 107 (1999), S. 23-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Bph-1 ; linkage analysis ; mapping ; RAPD ; RFLP ; rice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract We report the tagging of a brown planthopper (BPH) resistance gene (Bph–1) in rice using RAPD and RFLP markers. The Korean rice variety ‘Gayabyeo’ has dominant duplicate genes including Bph–1 conferring resistance to biotype 1 of BPH. Bulked segregant RAPD analysis was employed for rapid identification of DNA markers linked to resistance genes. For tagging these two genes, an F2F3 population from a ‘Gayabyeo’ × ‘Nagdongbyeo’ cross was developed and evaluated for BPH resistance. Three bulked DNAs from two groups of homozygous BPH resistant (each for Bph–1 and the other unknown gene) and homozygous susceptible F2 plants were analyzed by RAPD using 140 random oligomers. One primer, OPD–7 yielded a 700-bp fragment that was present in Gayabyeo and resistant F2 plants (homozygous for Bph-1 locus) but absent in Nagdongbyeo and susceptible F2 plants. Cosegregation of this marker with Bph-1 was verified using an F2 population segregating for Bph-1. Chromosomal regions surrounding the Bph-1 were examined with additional RFLP and microsatellite markers on chromosome 12 to define the location of the RAPD marker and Bph-1. Use of this RAPD marker could facilitate early selection of resistant lines for BPH.
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    Molecular cytogenetic identification of wheat-Elymus tsukushiense introgression lines (1999)
    Springer
    Euphytica 107 (1999), S. 217-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: C-banding ; chromosome additions ; chromosome substitution ; Elymus tsukushiense ; homoeology ; in situ hybridization ; RFLP ; Roegneria kamoji ; Triticum aestivum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Elymus tsukushiense Honda (syn. Roegneria kamoji C. Koch) (2n = 6x = 42, StsStsHtsHtsYtsYts) is a hexaploid species, distantly related to bread wheat Triticum aestivum L. em Thell (2n = 6x = 42, AABBDD). Apart from the delineation of evolutionary relationships, this species is a potential source of resistance to scab, a devastating disease of wheat caused by Fusarium graminearum Schw. A standard C-banded karyotype was established identifying all 21 chromosome pairs of E. tsukushiense. By using C-banding and genomic in situ hybridization analyses, three wheat-E. tsukushiense chromosome addition lines, one ditelosomic addition line, and one disomic substitution line were identified in BC2 progenies from wheat × E. tsukushiense hybrids. Twenty DNA markers specific for the seven homoeologous groups of the Triticeae were used to determine the homoeology of the added E. tsukushiense chromosomes. The E. tsukushiense chromosomes in the addition lines NAU702, NAU703, and NAU701 were identified as belonging to homoeologous groups 1, 3, and 5, and thus, were designated as 1Ets#1, 3Ets#1, and 5Ets#1, respectively. NAU751 was identified as a disomic substitution line with chromosome 3A of wheat replaced by chromosome 3Ets#1. Line NAU702 has a high level of resistance to scab and will be used in chromosomal engineering and development of improved wheat germplasm for scab resistance breeding.
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    Electronic Resource
    Genetic and physical characterization of a region of Arabidopsis chromosome 1 containing the CLAVATA1 gene (1999)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 39 (1999), S. 171-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: Arabidopsis ; CLAVATA1 ; genome sequencing ; RFLP ; YAC contig
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract With the advance of Arabidopsis as a model system for understanding plant genetics, development and biochemistry, a detailed description of the genome is necessary. As such, focused projects are underway to map and sequence the Arabidopsis nuclear genome. We have characterized a region of chromosome 1, surrounding the CLAVATA1 (CLV1) locus. Three (RFLP) clones were mapped relative to clv1-1, and were used to construct an ca. 700 kb yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) contig. Three cosmids spanning the CLV1 locus were analyzed and ca. 24 kb of genomic DNA was sequenced, including a continuous stretch of 18 kb. In addition to generating clones in this region of chromosome 1, we have analyzed the size, spacing and organization of several contiguous genes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006127302671
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  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protistan community structure: molecular approaches for answering ecological questions (1999)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 401 (1999), S. 215-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: 18S rRNA ; protistan biogeography ; protists ; RFLP ; oligonucleotide probe ; protistan community structure ; in-situ hybridization ; microbial ecology ; molecular ecology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003721923719
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  • 36
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differentiation of Rhizoctonia AG-D Isolates from Turfgrass into Subgroups I and II Based on rDNA and RAPD Analyses (1999)
    Springer
    European journal of plant pathology 105 (1999), S. 835-846 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8469
    Keywords: turfgrass ; binucleate ; RFLP ; ITS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Binucleate Rhizoctonia anastomosis group (AG) D is the cause of rhizoctonia-patch and elephant-footprint diseases of zoysiagrass, and winter-patch disease of bentgrass. Rhizoctonia AG-D is also known as the causal pathogen of other diseases such as sharp-eye-spot of cereals, foot-rot of cereals and winter-stem-rot of mat rush. Isolates of AG-D have been divided into the two subgroups AG-D (I) and AG-D (II), based on the results of cultural characteristics and pathogenicity tests. Isolates obtained from zoysiagrass exhibiting symptoms of rhizoctonia-patch disease, from bentgrass with winter-patch disease, from wheat with foot-rot disease, and from mat rush with winter-stem-rot disease were reported to belong to subgroup AG-D (I). On the other hand, isolates obtained from zoysiagrass with elephant-footprint disease were assigned to subgroup AG-D (II). To confirm the existence of these two subgroups in AG-D, the genetic structure of AG-D isolates from turfgrass and other crops was compared. RFLP analysis of the ITS region from rDNA after digestion with the restriction enzymes EcoRI, HaeIII, HhaI, HinfI, and MboI separated AG-D isolates into two groups corresponding to AG-D (I) and AG-D (II). Furthermore, other AGs except AG-Q (AGs-A, Ba, Bb, C, E, F, G, I, K, L, O, P, and R. solani AG1-IC) did not have the same patterns that were seen for the two AG-D subgroups. AG-Q isolates from bentgrass showed the same patterns as AG-D (I). The results of the RAPD analysis also revealed the existence of two groups that corresponded to AG-D (I) and AG-D (II). These analyses revealed that Rhizoctonia AG-D isolates from turfgrass could be divided into two subgroups consistent with those based on cultural characteristics and pathogenicity. In addition, isolates of foot-rot disease of wheat and isolates of winter-stem-rot disease of mat rush whose cultural characteristics were the same as those of AG-D (I) also showed similar RFLP and RAPD patterns to those of AG-D (I) isolates from turfgrass.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008736404263
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  • 37
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    Electronic Resource
    Novel polymorphisms in the upstream region of the human dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of human genetics 44 (1999), S. 416-418 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-232X
    Keywords: Key words Dopamine D4 receptor gene ; Promoter ; Polymorphisms ; RFLP
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We found nine novel polymorphisms in the upstream region of the human dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene of Japanese by direct sequencing. These polymorphisms are −809G 〉 A, −768G 〉 A, −616C 〉 G, −603T 〉 del, −602G 〉 del, −600G 〉 C, −376C 〉 T, −291C 〉 T, and −128G 〉 T. One known polymorphism, −521C 〉 T, was also recognized. Six of these sites were identified as restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100380050191
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