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  • Humans  (501)
  • Mice  (128)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (588)
  • 1990-1994  (588)
  • 1992  (588)
Collection
Keywords
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  • 1990-1994  (588)
Year
  • 101
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    Breast cancer's forced march? (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-10-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Oct 30;258(5083):732, 734.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1439774" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biomedical Research ; *Breast Neoplasms ; *Federal Government ; Female ; Financing, Government/*economics ; Humans ; Lobbying ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Research Support as Topic/*economics ; Resource Allocation ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 102
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    Science innovation '92: the San Francisco sequel (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-08-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Selvin, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Aug 14;257(5072):885-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1502555" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: DNA/*genetics/isolation & purification ; DNA Fingerprinting ; Genetic Techniques ; *Human Genome Project ; Humans ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides/isolation & purification ; Polymerase Chain Reaction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 103
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    On the track of "killer" TB (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-01-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weiss, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jan 10;255(5041):148-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1553538" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Drug Resistance, Microbial ; Humans ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/*pathogenicity ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/*microbiology/prevention & control/therapy ; Virulence
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 104
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    Senate backs fetal research--and more (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-04-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Palca, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Apr 10;256(5054):172-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1566065" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*transmission ; Female ; *Fetal Tissue Transplantation ; Government Agencies ; Humans ; Male ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Research Support as Topic/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Sexual Behavior ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 105
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    Tumor necrosis factor-alpha activates the sphingomyelin signal transduction pathway in a cell-free system (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-03-27
    Description: The mechanism of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha signaling is unknown. TNF-alpha signaling may involve sphingomyelin hydrolysis to ceramide by a sphingomyelinase and stimulation of a ceramide-activated protein kinase. In a cell-free system, TNF-alpha induced a rapid reduction in membrane sphingomyelin content and a quantitative elevation in ceramide concentrations. Ceramide-activated protein kinase activity also increased. Kinase activation was mimicked by addition of sphingomyelinase but not by phospholipases A2, C, or D. Reconstitution of this cascade in a cell-free system demonstrates tight coupling to the receptor, suggesting this is a signal transduction pathway for TNF-alpha.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dressler, K A -- Mathias, S -- Kolesnick, R N -- 1 F32 GM14207-01/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R0-1-CA-42385/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Mar 27;255(5052):1715-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Sloan-Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1313189" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell-Free System ; Ceramides/*physiology ; Enzyme Activation ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Kinases/*metabolism ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor/metabolism ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*physiology ; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor ; Second Messenger Systems ; Signal Transduction/*drug effects ; Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase/*physiology ; Sphingomyelins/*physiology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/*pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 106
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    Diet and cancer in humans and rodents (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-01-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abelson, P H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jan 10;255(5041):141.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1553536" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Diet ; Humans ; Incidence ; Neoplasms/epidemiology/*etiology/prevention & control ; Neoplasms, Experimental/*etiology/prevention & control ; Rodentia
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 107
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    Epidemic cholera in the Americas (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-06-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Glass, R I -- Libel, M -- Brandling-Bennett, A D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jun 12;256(5063):1524-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Viral Gastroenteritis Unit, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1598586" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cholera/*epidemiology/prevention & control ; *Disease Outbreaks ; Education ; Humans ; North America ; Public Health ; South America
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 108
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    Protection from dementia (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-11-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bowen, D -- Francis, P -- Sims, N -- Cross, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Nov 27;258(5087):1422-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1359645" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alzheimer Disease/*metabolism/physiopathology ; Energy Metabolism ; Glutamates/*physiology ; Glutamic Acid ; Humans ; Synaptic Transmission/drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 109
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    Human and Drosophila homeodomain proteins that enhance the DNA-binding activity of serum response factor (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-08-21
    Description: Cells with distinct developmental histories can respond differentially to identical signals, suggesting that signals are interpreted in a fashion that reflects a cell's identity. How this might occur is suggested by the observation that proteins of the homeodomain family, including a newly identified human protein, enhance the DNA-binding activity of serum response factor, a protein required for the induction of genes by growth and differentiation factors. Interaction with proteins of the serum response factor family may allow homeodomain proteins to specify the transcriptional response to inductive signals. Moreover, because the ability to enhance the binding of serum response factor to DNA residues within the homeodomain but is independent of homeodomain DNA-binding activity, this additional activity of the homeodomain may account for some of specificity of action of homeodomain proteins in development.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Grueneberg, D A -- Natesan, S -- Alexandre, C -- Gilman, M Z -- CA08968/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA45642/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Aug 21;257(5073):1089-95.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, NY 11724.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1509260" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Binding Sites ; DNA/genetics/*metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism/*pharmacology ; Drosophila/genetics ; *Drosophila Proteins ; Fungal Proteins/chemistry/pharmacology ; *Homeodomain Proteins ; Humans ; Minichromosome Maintenance 1 Protein ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nuclear Proteins/*metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics ; Serum Response Factor ; Transcription Factors/chemistry/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 110
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    Human growth hormone and extracellular domain of its receptor: crystal structure of the complex (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-01-17
    Description: Binding of human growth hormone (hGH) to its receptor is required for regulation of normal human growth and development. Examination of the 2.8 angstrom crystal structure of the complex between the hormone and the extracellular domain of its receptor (hGHbp) showed that the complex consists of one molecule of growth hormone per two molecules of receptor. The hormone is a four-helix bundle with an unusual topology. The binding protein contains two distinct domains, similar in some respects to immunoglobulin domains. The relative orientation of these domains differs from that found between constant and variable domains in immunoglobulin Fab fragments. Both hGHbp domains contribute residues that participate in hGH binding. In the complex both receptors donate essentially the same residues to interact with the hormone, even though the two binding sites on hGH have no structural similarity. Generally, the hormone-receptor interfaces match those identified by previous mutational analyses. In addition to the hormone-receptor interfaces, there is also a substantial contact surface between the carboxyl-terminal domains of the receptors. The relative extents of the contact areas support a sequential mechanism for dimerization that may be crucial for signal transduction.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉de Vos, A M -- Ultsch, M -- Kossiakoff, A A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jan 17;255(5042):306-12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Protein Engineering, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1549776" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Binding Sites ; Crystallography ; Growth Hormone/*chemistry/metabolism ; Humans ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Structure ; Mutation ; Receptors, Somatotropin/*chemistry/metabolism ; Signal Transduction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 111
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    Identification of the integrin VLA-2 as a receptor for echovirus 1 (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-03-27
    Description: Cell surface receptors for echovirus, a common human pathogen, were identified with monoclonal antibodies that protected susceptible cells from infection with echovirus 1. These monoclonal antibodies, which prevented virus attachment to specific receptor sites, recognized the alpha and beta subunits of the integrin VLA-2 (alpha 2 beta 1), a receptor for collagen and laminin. RD rhabdomyosarcoma cells expressed little VLA-2, did not bind to 35S-labeled virus, and resisted infection until transfected with complementary DNA encoding the alpha 2 subunit of VLA-2. Thus, integrins, adhesion receptors important in interactions between cells and with the extracellular matrix, can mediate virus attachment and infection.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bergelson, J M -- Shepley, M P -- Chan, B M -- Hemler, M E -- Finberg, R W -- AI 20382/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- GM 38903/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Mar 27;255(5052):1718-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1553561" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology ; Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral ; Enterovirus B, Human/*metabolism ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Molecular Weight ; Receptors, Very Late Antigen/*metabolism ; Receptors, Virus/chemistry/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 112
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    Comparative genomic hybridization for molecular cytogenetic analysis of solid tumors (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-10-30
    Description: Comparative genomic hybridization produces a map of DNA sequence copy number as a function of chromosomal location throughout the entire genome. Differentially labeled test DNA and normal reference DNA are hybridized simultaneously to normal chromosome spreads. The hybridization is detected with two different fluorochromes. Regions of gain or loss of DNA sequences, such as deletions, duplications, or amplifications, are seen as changes in the ratio of the intensities of the two fluorochromes along the target chromosomes. Analysis of tumor cell lines and primary bladder tumors identified 16 different regions of amplification, many in loci not previously known to be amplified.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kallioniemi, A -- Kallioniemi, O P -- Sudar, D -- Rutovitz, D -- Gray, J W -- Waldman, F -- Pinkel, D -- CA 44768/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 45919/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 47537/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Oct 30;258(5083):818-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco 94143.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1359641" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chromosome Mapping ; DNA Probes ; DNA, Neoplasm/*genetics ; Female ; Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Gene Amplification ; Gene Deletion ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Male ; Mutation ; Neoplasms/*genetics ; *Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Oncogenes ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Rhodamines ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 113
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    Soviet environment slips down the agenda (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-01-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brandt, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jan 3;255(5040):22-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1553523" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Environmental Health ; Environmental Pollution ; *Food Supply ; Humans ; Ussr
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 114
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    NF-kappa B subunit regulation in nontransformed CD4+ T lymphocytes (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-06-05
    Description: Regulation of interleukin-2 (IL-2) gene expression by the p50 and p65 subunits of the DNA binding protein NF-kappa B was studied in nontransformed CD4+ T lymphocyte clones. A homodimeric complex of the NF-kappa B p50 subunit was found in resting T cells. The amount of p50-p50 complex decreased after full antigenic stimulation, whereas the amount of the NF-kappa B p50-p65 heterodimer was increased. Increased expression of the IL-2 gene and activity of the IL-2 kappa B DNA binding site correlated with a decrease in the p50-p50 complex. Overexpression of p50 repressed IL-2 promoter expression. The switch from p50-p50 to p50-p65 complexes depended on a protein that caused sequestration of the p50-p50 complex in the nucleus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kang, S M -- Tran, A C -- Grilli, M -- Lenardo, M J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jun 5;256(5062):1452-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1604322" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, CD4/*immunology ; Base Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Cell Line ; Cell Nucleus/physiology ; Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase/genetics/metabolism ; Clone Cells ; Columbidae ; DNA/genetics ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Interleukin-2/*genetics ; Macromolecular Substances ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; NF-kappa B/*metabolism ; Oligonucleotide Probes ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets/*immunology ; Transfection ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 115
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    HIV-free AIDS reports (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-09-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Duesberg, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Sep 25;257(5078):1848.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1411497" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology ; Humans
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 116
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    Finding out how a viral hitchhiker snags a ride (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-03-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Eisner, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Mar 27;255(5052):1647.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1553554" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Enterovirus B, Human/*metabolism ; Humans ; Receptors, Very Late Antigen/*metabolism ; Receptors, Virus/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 117
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    Malaria vaccine on trial at last? (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-02-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Feb 28;255(5048):1063-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1546305" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Humans ; Malaria/*prevention & control ; Malaria, Falciparum/*prevention & control ; Plasmodium falciparum/immunology ; Protozoan Vaccines/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 118
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    Structure and functional expression of an omega-conotoxin-sensitive human N-type calcium channel (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-07-17
    Description: N-type calcium channels are omega-conotoxin (omega-CgTx)-sensitive, voltage-dependent ion channels involved in the control of neurotransmitter release from neurons. Multiple subtypes of voltage-dependent calcium channel complexes exist, and it is the alpha 1 subunit of the complex that forms the pore through which calcium enters the cell. The primary structures of human neuronal calcium channel alpha 1B subunits were deduced by the characterization of overlapping complementary DNAs. Two forms (alpha 1B-1 and alpha 1B-2) were identified in human neuroblastoma (IMR32) cells and in the central nervous system, but not in skeletal muscle or aorta tissues. The alpha 1B-1 subunit directs the recombinant expression of N-type calcium channel activity when it is transiently co-expressed with human neuronal beta 2 and alpha 2b subunits in mammalian HEK293 cells. The recombinant channel was irreversibly blocked by omega-CgTx but was insensitive to dihydropyridines. The alpha 1B-1 alpha 2b beta 2-transfected cells displayed a single class of saturable, high-affinity (dissociation constant = 55 pM) omega-CgTx binding sites. Co-expression of the beta 2 subunit was necessary for N-type channel activity, whereas the alpha 2b subunit appeared to modulate the expression of the channel. The heterogeneity of alpha 1B subunits, along with the heterogeneity of alpha 2 and beta subunits, is consistent with multiple, biophysically distinct N-type calcium channels.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Williams, M E -- Brust, P F -- Feldman, D H -- Patthi, S -- Simerson, S -- Maroufi, A -- McCue, A F -- Velicelebi, G -- Ellis, S B -- Harpold, M M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jul 17;257(5068):389-95.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉SIBIA, Inc., La Jolla, CA 92037.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1321501" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Calcium/metabolism ; Calcium Channels/*drug effects/*genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Membrane Potentials ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Neuroblastoma/metabolism ; Peptides, Cyclic/*pharmacology ; Sequence Alignment ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Transfection ; omega-Conotoxin GVIA
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    Access to genetic sequence data (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-02-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Elkan, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Feb 7;255(5045):663.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1590848" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; *Databases, Factual ; *Genome, Human ; Humans ; *Information Storage and Retrieval
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    MacroH2A, a core histone containing a large nonhistone region (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-09-04
    Description: A histone, macroH2A, nearly three times the size of conventional H2A histone, was found in rat liver nucleosomes. Its N-terminal third is 64 percent identical to a full-length mouse H2A. However, it also contains a large nonhistone region. This region has a segment that resembles a leucine zipper, a structure known to be involved in dimerization of some transcription factors. Nucleosomes containing macroH2A may have novel functions, possibly involving interactions with other nuclear proteins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pehrson, J R -- Fried, V A -- CA 06927/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM 24019/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- RR 05539/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Sep 4;257(5075):1398-400.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Fox Chase Cancer Center, Institute for Cancer Research, Philadelphia, PA 19111.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1529340" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; DNA/chemistry ; Histones/*chemistry/genetics ; Leucine Zippers ; Liver/*ultrastructure ; Macromolecular Substances ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleosomes/*chemistry ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Rats ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Race quickens for non-stick blood monitoring technology (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-11-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Aldhous, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Nov 6;258(5084):892-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1439802" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Blood Glucose/*analysis ; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring/economics/*instrumentation ; Humans ; Infrared Rays
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    The continuing case of the Florida dentist (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-05-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, T F -- Waterman, M S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 May 22;256(5060):1155-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Biomolecular Engineering Research Center, Boston University, MA 02215.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1589795" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/microbiology/*transmission ; DNA, Viral/*genetics ; *Dentistry ; Female ; Florida ; *HIV Seropositivity ; HIV-1/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Humans ; Infant ; *Patients
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    Exclusive academies (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-08-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Emiliani, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Aug 28;257(5074):1188-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1519049" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; *National Academy of Sciences (U.S.) ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    On the other hand (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-06-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Petsko, G A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jun 5;256(5062):1403-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1604313" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acids/chemistry ; Enzymes/*chemistry/metabolism ; *Functional Laterality ; HIV Protease/chemical synthesis/*chemistry ; Humans ; *Isomerism ; Protein Conformation
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    Selfish genes (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-04-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bull, J J -- Molineux, I J -- Werren, J H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Apr 3;256(5053):65.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Zoology, University of Texas, Austin 78712.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1566058" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Crosses, Genetic ; Drosophila/*genetics ; Female ; *Genes ; Heterozygote ; Male ; Mice
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    Chronic fatigue syndrome (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-02-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Martin, W J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Feb 7;255(5045):663.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1738833" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic/*microbiology ; Humans ; Virus Diseases/*microbiology ; Viruses/isolation & purification
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Oncogenic forms of p53 inhibit p53-regulated gene expression (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-05-08
    Description: Mutant forms of the gene encoding the tumor suppressor p53 are found in numerous human malignancies, but the physiologic function of p53 and the effects of mutations on this function are unknown. The p53 protein binds DNA in a sequence-specific manner and thus may regulate gene transcription. Cotransfection experiments showed that wild-type p53 activated the expression of genes adjacent to a p53 DNA binding site. The level of activation correlated with DNA binding in vitro. Oncogenic forms of p53 lost this activity. Moreover, all mutants inhibited the activity of coexpressed wild-type p53, providing a basis for the selection of such mutants during tumorigenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kern, S E -- Pietenpol, J A -- Thiagalingam, S -- Seymour, A -- Kinzler, K W -- Vogelstein, B -- CA06973/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA09243/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA35494/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 May 8;256(5058):827-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1589764" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase/genetics/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*genetics/*metabolism ; Exons ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; *Genes, p53 ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides ; Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics/growth & development ; *Transcription, Genetic ; Transfection ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/*genetics/*metabolism ; beta-Galactosidase/genetics/metabolism
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    Lead study challenge (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-02-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ernhart, C B -- Scarr, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Feb 14;255(5046):783-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1489365" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Child ; Child, Preschool ; Data Interpretation, Statistical ; Humans ; *Lead Poisoning
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    Lymphoid development in mice congenitally lacking T cell receptor alpha beta-expressing cells (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-06-05
    Description: Vertebrate T cells express either an alpha beta or gamma delta T cell receptor (TCR). The developmental relatedness of the two cell types is unresolved. alpha beta + T cells respond to specific pathogens by collaborating with immunoglobulin-producing B cells in distinct lymphoid organs such as the spleen and Peyer's patches. The precise influence of alpha beta + T cells on B cell development is poorly understood. To investigate the developmental effects of alpha beta + T cells on B cells and gamma delta + T cells, mice homozygous for a disrupted TCR alpha gene were generated. The homozygotes showed elimination of alpha beta + T cells and the loss of thymic medullae. Despite this, gamma delta + T cells developed in normal numbers, and there was an increase in splenic B cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Philpott, K L -- Viney, J L -- Kay, G -- Rastan, S -- Gardiner, E M -- Chae, S -- Hayday, A C -- Owen, M J -- GM37759/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jun 5;256(5062):1448-52.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Imperial Cancer Research Fund, London, United Kingdom.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1604321" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Blastocyst ; Blotting, Southern ; Chimera ; Clone Cells ; DNA/genetics/isolation & purification ; Female ; Lymphoid Tissue/growth & development/*immunology ; Macromolecular Substances ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Mutant Strains ; Peyer's Patches/immunology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics ; Spleen/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Thymus Gland/immunology
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    Biochemistry of nitric oxide and its redox-activated forms (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-12-18
    Description: Nitric oxide (NO.), a potentially toxic molecule, has been implicated in a wide range of biological functions. Details of its biochemistry, however, remain poorly understood. The broader chemistry of nitrogen monoxide (NO) involves a redox array of species with distinctive properties and reactivities: NO+ (nitrosonium), NO., and NO- (nitroxyl anion). The integration of this chemistry with current perspectives of NO biology illuminates many aspects of NO biochemistry, including the enzymatic mechanism of synthesis, the mode of transport and targeting in biological systems, the means by which its toxicity is mitigated, and the function-regulating interaction with target proteins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stamler, J S -- Singel, D J -- Loscalzo, J -- HL40411/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL43344/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- RRO4870/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Dec 18;258(5090):1898-902.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1281928" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Oxidoreductases/metabolism ; Animals ; Arginine/metabolism ; Humans ; Nitric Oxide/chemistry/*metabolism/physiology ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; Oxidation-Reduction
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    Nucleosome core displacement in vitro via a metastable transcription factor-nucleosome complex (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1992-12-11
    Description: In order to function, transcription factors must compete for DNA binding with structural components of chromatin, including nucleosomes. Mechanisms that could be used in this competition have been characterized with the use of the DNA binding domain of the yeast GAL4 protein. The binding of GAL4 to a nucleosome core resulted in a ternary complex containing GAL4, the core histone proteins, and DNA. This ternary complex was unstable; upon the addition of nonspecific competitor DNA, it dissociated into either the original nucleosome core particle or GAL4 bound to naked DNA. Nucleosome core destabilization by GAL4 did not require a transcriptional activation domain. These data demonstrate the displacement of nucleosome cores as a direct result of binding by a regulatory factor. Similar mechanisms might affect the establishment of factor occupancy of promoters and enhancers in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Workman, J L -- Kingston, R E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Dec 11;258(5089):1780-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1465613" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; DNA/genetics/isolation & purification/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Fungal Proteins/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; HeLa Cells ; Histones/isolation & purification/metabolism ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleosomes/*metabolism ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides ; Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods ; Protein Binding ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics/metabolism ; *Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; Transcription Factors/isolation & purification/*metabolism
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    The taste of birds: Pitohui! (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1992-12-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wrangham, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Dec 18;258(5090):1867.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1470905" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Batrachotoxins/*analysis ; *Birds ; Feathers/chemistry ; Humans ; Skin/chemistry ; *Taste
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    New genes may shed light on cell growth control (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1992-07-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jul 24;257(5069):484-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1636083" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cell Cycle Proteins ; Cell Division/*genetics ; Fungal Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; GTPase-Activating Proteins ; Guanosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Homeostasis ; Mice ; Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)/*genetics/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; ras GTPase-Activating Proteins ; *ras-GRF1
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    Faint praise for science reporting (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1992-05-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 May 29;256(5061):1277.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1598569" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; Dietary Fats ; Hazardous Substances ; Humans ; Periodicals as Topic/*standards ; *Science ; Television ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects ; United States ; *Writing
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    Do antidepressants promote tumors? (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-07-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jul 3;257(5066):22-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1621088" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amitriptyline/*toxicity ; Animals ; Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy/prevention & control ; Carcinogens/*toxicity ; Female ; Fluoxetine/*toxicity ; Humans ; Mice ; Neoplasms, Experimental/chemically induced ; Rats ; Tamoxifen/therapeutic use ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration
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    Valuing the health benefits of clean air (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-02-14
    Description: An assessment of health effects due to ozone and particulate matter (PM10) suggests that each of the 12 million residents of the South Coast Air Basin of California experiences ozone-related symptoms on an average of up to 17 days each year and faces an increased risk of death in any year of 1/10,000 as a result of elevated PM10 exposure. The estimated annual economic value of avoiding these effects is nearly $10 billion. Attaining air pollution standards may save 1600 lives a year in the region.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hall, J V -- Winer, A M -- Kleinman, M T -- Lurmann, F W -- Brajer, V -- Colome, S D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Feb 14;255(5046):812-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Economics, California State University, Fullerton 92634.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1536006" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Air Pollutants/adverse effects ; Air Pollution/adverse effects/*economics ; California ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Humans ; Ozone/adverse effects ; Respiratory Tract Diseases/economics/etiology
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    Forensic DNA typing (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-02-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wills, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Feb 28;255(5048):1050; author reply 1053-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1347661" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: DNA Fingerprinting/*methods ; Forensic Medicine/*methods ; Gene Frequency ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 138
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    MAP kinases: charting the regulatory pathways (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-09-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pelech, S L -- Sanghera, J S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Sep 4;257(5075):1355-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Kinetek Biotechnology Corporation, Richmond, B.C., Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1382311" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases ; *Homeostasis ; Humans ; Myelin Basic Protein/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Phosphothreonine/metabolism ; Phosphotyrosine ; Protein Kinases/*metabolism ; Tyrosine/analogs & derivatives/metabolism
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  • 139
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    An unlikely sugar substrate site in the 1.65 A structure of the human aldose reductase holoenzyme implicated in diabetic complications (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-07-03
    Description: Aldose reductase, which catalyzes the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-dependent reduction of a wide variety of aromatic and aliphatic carbonyl compounds, is implicated in the development of diabetic and galactosemic complications involving the lens, retina, nerves, and kidney. A 1.65 angstrom refined structure of a recombinant human placenta aldose reductase reveals that the enzyme contains a parallel beta 8/alpha 8-barrel motif and establishes a new motif for NADP-binding oxidoreductases. The substrate-binding site is located in a large, deep elliptical pocket at the COOH-terminal end of the beta barrel with a bound NADPH in an extended conformation. The highly hydrophobic nature of the active site pocket greatly favors aromatic and apolar substrates over highly polar monosaccharides. The structure should allow for the rational design of specific inhibitors that might provide molecular understanding of the catalytic mechanism, as well as possible therapeutic agents.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wilson, D K -- Bohren, K M -- Gabbay, K H -- Quiocho, F A -- DK-39,044/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jul 3;257(5066):81-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1621098" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aldehyde Reductase/*chemistry/metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Binding Sites ; *Diabetes Complications ; Diabetes Mellitus/*enzymology ; Humans ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Protein Conformation ; X-Ray Diffraction/methods
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    Making converts for condoms (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-06-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jun 12;256(5063):1514-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1598582" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*prevention & control ; Adolescent ; Contraceptive Devices, Male ; Education ; Humans
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    A first in cell transplantation: researchers organize, meet (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-06-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hall, S S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jun 12;256(5063):1522.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1350864" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenal Glands/cytology/transplantation ; Animals ; *Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Immune Tolerance ; Islets of Langerhans Transplantation ; Liver Transplantation
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  • 142
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    Participation of non-zinc finger residues in DNA binding by two nuclear orphan receptors (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-04-03
    Description: Steroid-thyroid hormone receptors typically bind as dimers to DNA sequences that contain repeated elements termed half-sites. NGFI-B, an early response protein and orphan member of this receptor superfamily, binds to a DNA sequence that contains only one half-site (5'-AAAGGTCA-3'). A domain separate from the NGFI-B zinc fingers, termed the A box, was identified and is required for recognition of the two adenine-thymidine (A-T) base pairs at the 5' end of the NGFI-B DNA binding element. In addition, a domain downstream of the zinc fingers of the orphan receptor H-2 region II binding protein, termed the T box, determined binding to tandem repeats of the estrogen receptor half-site (5'-AGGTCA-3').〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wilson, T E -- Paulsen, R E -- Padgett, K A -- Milbrandt, J -- NS01018/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA49712/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Apr 3;256(5053):107-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1314418" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Binding Sites ; CHO Cells ; Cell Nucleus/*physiology ; Cricetinae ; DNA/*metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1 ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides/metabolism ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*metabolism ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear ; Receptors, Steroid ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Substrate Specificity ; Transcription Factors/genetics/*metabolism ; Transfection ; Zinc Fingers/genetics
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  • 143
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    How the brain 'sees' borders where there are none (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-06-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Winckelgren, I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jun 12;256(5063):1520-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1598584" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cognition/*physiology ; Humans ; Visual Cortex/physiology ; Visual Perception/*physiology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 144
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    An animal model for cystic fibrosis made by gene targeting (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-08-21
    Description: Cystic fibrosis results from defects in the gene encoding a cyclic adenosine monophosphate-dependent chloride ion channel known as the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). To create an animal model for cystic fibrosis, mice were generated from embryonic stem cells in which the CFTR gene was disrupted by gene targeting. Mice homozygous for the disrupted gene display many features common to young human cystic fibrosis patients, including failure to thrive, meconium ileus, alteration of mucous and serous glands, and obstruction of glandlike structures with inspissated eosinophilic material. Death resulting from intestinal obstruction usually occurs before 40 days of age.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Snouwaert, J N -- Brigman, K K -- Latour, A M -- Malouf, N N -- Boucher, R C -- Smithies, O -- Koller, B H -- GM20069/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HL 42384/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Aug 21;257(5073):1083-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-7020.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1380723" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cystic Fibrosis/*genetics/pathology/physiopathology ; Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator ; Digestive System/metabolism/pathology ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Exocrine Glands/pathology ; Gallbladder/pathology ; Genitalia, Male/pathology ; Genotype ; Growth ; Intestinal Obstruction/etiology/pathology ; Liver/pathology ; Male ; Meconium/metabolism ; Membrane Proteins/*genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mucus/metabolism ; Mutagenesis ; Pancreas/pathology ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Salivary Glands/pathology
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  • 145
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    Immunodominant T cell epitope from signal sequence (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-08-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Buchmeier, M J -- Zinkernagel, R M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Aug 21;257(5073):1142.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1380726" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Epitopes/*immunology ; Glycoproteins/immunology ; Mice ; Protein Sorting Signals/*immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology
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  • 146
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    Review demanded on Canadian blood (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-12-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Dec 18;258(5090):1878-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1470910" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/diagnosis/prevention & control/*transmission ; Blood Banks/*standards ; *Blood Donors ; Canada ; HIV Infections/diagnosis/prevention & control/*transmission ; Humans ; Red Cross ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration
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  • 147
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    NIH presence shrinks at AIDS meeting (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-06-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jun 12;256(5063):1507.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1598581" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; Congresses as Topic ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economics ; United States
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  • 148
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    A surface protease and the invasive character of plague (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1992-11-06
    Description: A 9.5-kilobase plasmid of Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, is required for high virulence when mice are inoculated with the bacterium by subcutaneous injection. Inactivation of the plasmid gene pla, which encodes a surface protease, increased the median lethal dose of the bacteria for mice by a millionfold. Moreover, cloned pla was sufficient to restore segregants lacking the entire pla-bearing plasmid to full virulence. Both pla+ strains injected subcutaneously and pla- mutants injected intravenously reached high titers in liver and spleen of infected mice, whereas pla- mutants injected subcutaneously failed to do so even though they establish a sustained local infection at the injection site. More inflammatory cells accumulated in lesions caused by the pla- mutants than in lesions produced by the pla+ parent. The Pla protease was shown to be a plasminogen activator with unusual kinetic properties. It can also cleave complement C3 at a specific site.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sodeinde, O A -- Subrahmanyam, Y V -- Stark, K -- Quan, T -- Bao, Y -- Goguen, J D -- AI22176/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Nov 6;258(5084):1004-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester 01655.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1439793" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; *Bacterial Proteins ; Colony Count, Microbial ; Escherichia coli/enzymology ; Fibrinolysin/chemistry/metabolism ; Injections, Intravenous ; Kinetics ; Liver/microbiology ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Plague/microbiology ; Plasmids ; Plasminogen Activators/genetics/*physiology ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism ; Spleen/microbiology ; Tissue Plasminogen Activator/metabolism ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator/metabolism ; Yersinia pestis/*enzymology/isolation & purification/*pathogenicity
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    Molecular genetics of epidermolysis bullosa (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-05-18
    Description: Blisters following minor trauma characterize epidermolysis bullosa, a group of hereditary diseases of the skin. In the simplex type, epidermal basal cells are fragile, and mutations of genes encoding keratin intermediate filament proteins underlie that fragility. In the dystrophic types, the causative mutation appears to be in the gene encoding type VII collagen, which is the major component of anchoring fibrils. These recent findings afford solid evidence that at least one function of the cytoskeletal intermediate filament network is the provision of mechanical stability and that anchoring fibrils indeed do anchor the epidermis to the underlying dermis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Epstein, E H Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 May 8;256(5058):799-804.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital 94110.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1375393" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17 ; Cytoskeleton/ultrastructure ; Epidermolysis Bullosa/*genetics/pathology ; Humans ; Keratins/*genetics ; Multigene Family ; Skin/pathology
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  • 150
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    Mutation of the POU-specific domain of Pit-1 and hypopituitarism without pituitary hypoplasia (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-08-21
    Description: A point mutation in the POU-specific portion of the human gene that encodes the tissue-specific POU-domain transcription factor, Pit-1, results in hypopituitarism, with deficiencies of growth hormone, prolactin, and thyroid-stimulating hormone. In two unrelated Dutch families, a mutation in Pit-1 that altered an alanine in the first putative alpha helix of the POU-specific domain to proline was observed. This mutation generated a protein capable of binding to DNA response elements but unable to effectively activate its known target genes, growth hormone and prolactin. The phenotype of the affected individuals suggests that the mutant Pit-1 protein is competent to initiate other programs of gene activation required for normal proliferation of somatotrope, lactotrope, and thyrotrope cell types. Thus, a mutation in the POU-specific domain of Pit-1 has a selective effect on a subset of Pit-1 target genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pfaffle, R W -- DiMattia, G E -- Parks, J S -- Brown, M R -- Wit, J M -- Jansen, M -- Van der Nat, H -- Van den Brande, J L -- Rosenfeld, M G -- Ingraham, H A -- HD24960/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD2697/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- NIDDK 18477/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Aug 21;257(5073):1118-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1509263" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Blotting, Northern ; DNA/chemistry/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*genetics/metabolism ; Growth Hormone/deficiency ; Humans ; Hypopituitarism/*genetics/pathology ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Mutation ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/*pathology ; Pituitary Hormones/*deficiency ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prolactin/deficiency ; Rats ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Thyrotropin/deficiency ; Transcription Factor Pit-1 ; Transcription Factors/*genetics/metabolism ; Transfection
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    Myoblast therapy (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1992-08-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Epstein, H F -- Fischman, D A -- Bader, D -- Changeux, J P -- Buckhold, K -- Ordahl, C P -- Hoffman, E -- Kedes, L H -- Konieczny, S -- Leinwand, L A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Aug 7;257(5071):738.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1496388" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Child ; Humans ; Male ; Muscles/*transplantation ; Muscular Dystrophies/*surgery ; Transplantation/adverse effects
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  • 152
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    Transcription factor IID mutants defective for interaction with transcription factor IIA (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-02-28
    Description: Transcription factor IID (TFIID) recognizes the TATA element of promoters transcribed by RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) and serves as the base for subsequent association by other general transcription factors and RNAPII. The carboxyl-terminal domain of TFIID is highly conserved and contains an imperfect repetition of a 60-amino acid sequence. These repeats are separated by a region rich in basic amino acids. Mutagenesis of the lysines in this region resulted in a conditioned phenotype in vivo, and the mutant proteins were defective for interactions with transcription factor IIA in vitro. Binding of TFIID to DNA was unaffected. These results suggest that the basic domain of TFIID is important for protein-protein interactions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Buratowski, S -- Zhou, H -- R29-GM46498/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Feb 28;255(5048):1130-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1546314" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Fungal Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Macromolecular Substances ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; RNA Polymerase II/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Transcription Factor TFIIA ; Transcription Factor TFIID ; Transcription Factors/*genetics/*metabolism ; *Transcription, Genetic
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    Condom use (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-08-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sonenstein, F L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Aug 14;257(5072):861.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1502545" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/prevention & control ; Adolescent ; Adult ; *Contraceptive Devices, Male ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Sex Education ; *Sexual Behavior ; United States
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    Levantines and Londoners (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-01-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wolpoff, M H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jan 10;255(5041):142.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1553537" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Continental Population Groups ; Female ; *Hominidae ; Humans ; Male ; *Paleontology ; Skull/*anatomy & histology
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  • 155
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    Familial Alzheimer's linked to chromosome 14 gene (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-10-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Oct 23;258(5082):550.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1411566" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alzheimer Disease/*genetics ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/genetics ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21 ; Genes/genetics ; Genetic Linkage/*genetics ; Genetic Markers/genetics ; Humans ; Middle Aged
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  • 156
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    Control by asparagine residues of calcium permeability and magnesium blockade in the NMDA receptor (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-09-04
    Description: The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor forms a cation-selective channel with a high calcium permeability and sensitivity to channel block by extracellular magnesium. These properties, which are believed to be important for the induction of long-term changes in synaptic strength, are imparted by asparagine residues in a putative channel-forming segment of the protein, transmembrane 2 (TM2). In the NR1 subunit, replacement of this asparagine by a glutamine residue decreases calcium permeability of the channel and slightly reduces magnesium block. The same substitution in NR2 subunits strongly reduces magnesium block and increases the magnesium permeability but barely affects calcium permeability. These asparagines are in a position homologous to the site in the TM2 region (Q/R site) of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors that is occupied by either glutamine (Q) or arginine (R) and that controls divalent cation permeability of the AMPA receptor channel. Hence AMPA and NMDA receptor channels contain common structural motifs in their TM2 segments that are responsible for some of their ion selectivity and conductance properties.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Burnashev, N -- Schoepfer, R -- Monyer, H -- Ruppersberg, J P -- Gunther, W -- Seeburg, P H -- Sakmann, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Sep 4;257(5075):1415-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Abteilung Zellphysiologie, Max-Planck-Institut fur Medizinische Forschung, Heidelberg, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1382314" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Asparagine/*chemistry ; Binding Sites ; Calcium/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Cell Line ; Electric Conductivity ; Glutamates/pharmacology ; Glutamic Acid ; Ion Channels/chemistry/*physiology ; Magnesium/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutagenesis ; Oocytes/metabolism ; Permeability ; Rats ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/chemistry/genetics/*physiology ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Transfection ; Xenopus
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  • 157
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    The promise and pitfalls of molecular genetics (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-07-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Aldhous, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jul 10;257(5067):164-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1631543" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Behavior/*physiology ; Child ; Environment ; Female ; Humans ; Intelligence/genetics ; Male ; Mental Disorders/genetics ; *Molecular Biology ; Twins/psychology
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  • 158
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    Sexual behavior. French venture where U.S. fears to tread (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-07-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Aldhous, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jul 3;257(5066):25.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1320289" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/prevention & control ; Adult ; Aged ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) ; Data Collection ; Female ; France ; HIV Infections/prevention & control ; *Homosexuality ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Sexual Behavior ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 159
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    Alzheimer's debate boils over (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-09-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Sep 4;257(5075):1336-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1529329" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alzheimer Disease/*etiology/pathology ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/*metabolism/pharmacology/toxicity ; Animals ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Nervous System Diseases/chemically induced/pathology ; Neurons/drug effects/pathology ; Rats ; Research/standards
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  • 160
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    Potentially amyloidogenic, carboxyl-terminal derivatives of the amyloid protein precursor (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-02-07
    Description: The 39- to 43-amino acid amyloid beta protein (beta AP), which is deposited as amyloid in Alzheimer's disease, is encoded as an internal peptide that begins 99 residues from the carboxyl terminus of a 695- to 770-amino acid glycoprotein referred to as the amyloid beta protein precursor (beta APP). To clarify the processing that produces amyloid, carboxyl-terminal derivatives of the beta APP were analyzed. This analysis showed that the beta APP is normally processed into a complex set of 8- to 12-kilodalton carboxyl-terminal derivatives. The two largest derivatives in human brain have the entire beta AP at or near their amino terminus and are likely to be intermediates in the pathway leading to amyloid deposition.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Estus, S -- Golde, T E -- Kunishita, T -- Blades, D -- Lowery, D -- Eisen, M -- Usiak, M -- Qu, X M -- Tabira, T -- Greenberg, B D -- AG06656/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- AG08012/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- AG08992/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Feb 7;255(5045):726-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Neuropathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1738846" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amyloid/*biosynthesis ; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cell Membrane/chemistry ; Cerebral Cortex/chemistry ; Glycosylation ; Humans ; Immunoblotting ; Immunosorbent Techniques ; Molecular Weight ; Peptide Fragments/chemistry/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; Transfection
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  • 161
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    Taking a direct path to the genes (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-08-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Aug 7;257(5071):744-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1386685" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha/*physiology ; Models, Biological ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/*metabolism ; Receptors, Immunologic/*physiology ; Receptors, Interferon ; Signal Transduction ; Transcription Factors/*metabolism
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  • 162
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    The tissue bank's shaky underpinnings (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-08-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hamilton, D P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Aug 14;257(5072):869.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1502549" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aborted Fetus ; Abortion, Induced ; Abortion, Spontaneous ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; Federal Government ; Female ; *Fetal Research ; *Fetal Tissue Transplantation ; Fetus ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic ; Tissue Banks/economics/*organization & administration ; United States ; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services
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  • 163
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    Tyrosyl phosphorylation and activation of MAP kinases by p56lck (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-02-14
    Description: T cell signaling via the CD4 surface antigen is mediated by the associated tyrosyl protein kinase p56lck. The 42-kilodalton mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase (p42mapk) was tyrosyl-phosphorylated and activated after treatment of the murine T lymphoma cell line 171CD4+, which expresses CD4, with antibody to CD3. Treatment of the CD4-deficient cell line 171 with the same antibody did not result in phosphorylation or activation of p42mapk. Purified p56lck both tyrosyl-phosphorylated and stimulated the seryl-threonyl phosphotransferase activity of purified p44mpk, a MAP kinase isoform from sea star oocytes. A synthetic peptide modeled after the putative regulatory phosphorylation site in murine p42mapk (Tyr185) was phosphorylated by p56lck with a similar Vmax, but a fivefold lower Michaelis constant (Km) than a peptide containing the Tyr394 autophosphorylation site from p56lck. MAP kinases may participate in protein kinase cascades that link Src family protein-tyrosyl kinases to seryl-threonyl kinases such as those encoded by rsk and raf, which are putative substrates of MAP kinases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ettehadieh, E -- Sanghera, J S -- Pelech, S L -- Hess-Bienz, D -- Watts, J -- Shastri, N -- Aebersold, R -- R126604/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Feb 14;255(5046):853-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1311128" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antigens, CD3 ; Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/physiology ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases ; Cell Line ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 ; In Vitro Techniques ; Lymphocyte Specific Protein Tyrosine Kinase p56(lck) ; Lymphoma, T-Cell ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oncogene Proteins, Viral/*physiology ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Kinases/*physiology ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/*physiology ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/physiology ; Signal Transduction/*physiology ; T-Lymphocytes/physiology
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  • 164
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    Cloning of a delta opioid receptor by functional expression (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-12-28
    Description: Opiate drugs have potent analgesic and addictive properties. These drugs interact with receptors that also mediate the response to endogenous opioid peptide ligands. However, the receptors for opioids have eluded definitive molecular characterization. By transient expression in COS cells and screening with an iodinated analog of the opioid peptide enkephalin, a complementary DNA clone encoding a functional delta opioid receptor has been identified. The sequence shows homology to G protein-coupled receptors, in particular the receptors for somatostatin, angiotensin, and interleukin-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Evans, C J -- Keith, D E Jr -- Morrison, H -- Magendzo, K -- Edwards, R H -- DA05010/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- P50 DA005010/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Dec 18;258(5090):1952-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychiatry, University of California, School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90024-1759.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1335167" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Binding, Competitive ; Blotting, Northern ; Blotting, Southern ; Cell Line ; Cyclic AMP/metabolism ; Diprenorphine/metabolism ; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)- ; Enkephalins/pharmacology ; Etorphine/pharmacology ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Models, Structural ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Narcotics/pharmacology ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Receptors, Opioid, delta/chemistry/*genetics/*metabolism ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
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  • 165
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    Specific binding of chromosomal protein HMG1 to DNA damaged by the anticancer drug cisplatin (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-04-10
    Description: The mechanism of action of the anticancer compound cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (cisplatin) involves covalent binding to DNA. In an effort to understand the tumor-specific cytotoxicity of such DNA damage, the interactions of these lesions with cellular proteins have been studied. One such protein has been identified as the high-mobility group protein HMG1. Recombinant rat HMG1 binds specifically (dissociation constant 3.7 +/- 2.0 x 10(-7) molar) to DNA containing cisplatin d(GpG) or d(ApG) intrastrand cross-links, which unwind and bend DNA in a specific manner, but not to DNA modified by therapeutically inactive platinum analogs. These results suggest how HMG1 might bind to altered DNA structures and may be helpful in designing new antitumor drugs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pil, P M -- Lippard, S J -- CA34992/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Apr 10;256(5054):234-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1566071" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Cisplatin/*pharmacology ; *DNA Damage ; DNA, Neoplasm/drug effects/*metabolism ; HeLa Cells ; High Mobility Group Proteins/*metabolism ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides/*metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Rats ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 166
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    Wellcome Trust: Britain's big biomedical spender (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-05-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Aldhous, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 May 22;256(5060):1132-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1589787" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/epidemiology ; Foundations/*economics ; Government Agencies/economics ; Great Britain ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
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  • 167
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    Interaction of p107 with cyclin A independent of complex formation with viral oncoproteins (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-01-03
    Description: The p107 protein and the retinoblastoma protein (RB) both bind specifically to two viral oncoproteins, the SV40 T antigen (T) and adenoviral protein E1A (E1A). Like RB, p107 contains a segment (the pocket) that, alone, can bind specifically to T, E1A, and multiple cellular proteins. Cyclin A bound to the p107 pocket, but not the RB pocket. Although both pockets contain two, related collinear subsegments (A and B), the unique sequence in the p107 pocket that occupies the space between A and B is required for the interaction with cyclin A.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ewen, M E -- Faha, B -- Harlow, E -- Livingston, D M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jan 3;255(5040):85-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1532457" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenovirus Early Proteins ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming/*metabolism ; Base Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cyclins/*metabolism ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Eye Neoplasms ; Glutathione Transferase/genetics/metabolism ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; *Nuclear Proteins ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides ; Oncogene Proteins, Viral/genetics/*metabolism ; Protein Conformation ; Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Retinoblastoma ; Retinoblastoma Protein/genetics/*metabolism ; Retinoblastoma-Like Protein p107 ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 168
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    Time for a brain landing (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1992-05-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 May 29;256(5061):1276-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1598568" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain Diseases/*economics ; Foundations ; Humans ; Mental Disorders/*economics ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
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  • 169
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    A new link in the brain's defenses (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-05-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 May 29;256(5061):1278-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1445531" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alzheimer Disease/*diagnosis ; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor/analysis/physiology ; *Blood Coagulation ; Brain/*physiology ; Carrier Proteins/*physiology ; Cerebrovascular Circulation/*physiology ; Humans ; Plasminogen Inactivators/metabolism
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  • 170
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    Cancer genetics. Test could yield improved colon cancer detection (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-04-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Apr 3;256(5053):32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1566056" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Colonic Neoplasms/*diagnosis/genetics ; Feces/chemistry ; Genes, p53 ; Genes, ras ; Humans ; *Mutation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction/*methods ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/diagnosis/genetics
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  • 171
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    Cloning and characterization of inducible nitric oxide synthase from mouse macrophages (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-04-10
    Description: Nitric oxide (NO) conveys a variety of messages between cells, including signals for vasorelaxation, neurotransmission, and cytotoxicity. In some endothelial cells and neurons, a constitutive NO synthase is activated transiently by agonists that elevate intracellular calcium concentrations and promote the binding of calmodulin. In contrast, in macrophages, NO synthase activity appears slowly after exposure of the cells to cytokines and bacterial products, is sustained, and functions independently of calcium and calmodulin. A monospecific antibody was used to clone complementary DNA that encoded two isoforms of NO synthase from immunologically activated mouse macrophages. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to confirm most of the amino acid sequence. Macrophage NO synthase differs extensively from cerebellar NO synthase. The macrophage enzyme is immunologically induced at the transcriptional level and closely resembles the enzyme in cytokine-treated tumor cells and inflammatory neutrophils.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Xie, Q W -- Cho, H J -- Calaycay, J -- Mumford, R A -- Swiderek, K M -- Lee, T D -- Ding, A -- Troso, T -- Nathan, C -- AI30165/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA43610/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Apr 10;256(5054):225-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Beatrice and Samuel A. Seaver Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Cornell University Medical College, New York, NY 10021.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1373522" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Oxidoreductases/biosynthesis/*genetics ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Cloning, Molecular ; Codon ; Enzyme Induction ; Interferon-gamma/pharmacology ; Isoenzymes/biosynthesis/*genetics ; Kinetics ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Macrophages/drug effects/*enzymology ; Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Molecular Weight ; Neutrophils/drug effects/enzymology ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides ; Poly A/genetics ; RNA/genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; Rats ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Transcription, Genetic
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Open season on depression (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-05-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 May 22;256(5060):1137.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1589791" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Depression/diagnosis/epidemiology/*prevention & control ; Depressive Disorder/diagnosis/epidemiology/*prevention & control ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Massachusetts ; United States/epidemiology
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    Major setback for Alzheimer's models (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-03-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Mar 6;255(5049):1200-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1312259" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Alzheimer Disease/metabolism/pathology ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism ; Animals ; Brain/metabolism ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Research/*standards ; United States ; United States Office of Research Integrity
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    HHS cancels Gallo's moment in the sun (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-07-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hamilton, D P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jul 3;257(5066):22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1621087" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; HIV/*isolation & purification ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Research/standards ; *Scientific Misconduct ; United States ; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services
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  • 175
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    Boring in on beta-amyloid's role in Alzheimer's (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-02-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Feb 7;255(5045):688-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1738843" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alzheimer Disease/*etiology ; Amyloid/*biosynthesis ; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor/*metabolism ; Humans ; Peptide Fragments/metabolism
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  • 176
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    Tyrosine phosphorylation of the vav proto-oncogene product in activated B cells (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-05-22
    Description: Activation of B lymphocytes by engagement of their immunoglobulin M antigen receptors results in phosphorylation of a number of proteins on tyrosine residues. One such protein is p95vav, the product of the vav proto-oncogene. Tyrosine phosphorylation of p95vav occurred within seconds of immunoglobulin M cross-linking and was independent of other events induced during stimulation of B cells, such as protein kinase C activation, guanosine triphosphate-binding protein signaling, and calcium mobilization. Moreover, engagement of antigen receptors induced the rapid (approximately 5 seconds) and transient (approximately 60 seconds) association of p95vav with a 70-kilodalton tyrosine-phosphorylated protein, Vap-1, an interaction mediated by the Src homology 2 domain of p95vav. These results suggest that the vav proto-oncogene participates in the signaling processes that mediate the antigen-induced activation of B lymphocytes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bustelo, X R -- Barbacid, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 May 22;256(5060):1196-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Princeton, NJ 08543-4000.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1375396" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acids/analysis ; Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology/*physiology ; *Cell Cycle Proteins ; Cell Line ; Kinetics ; *Lymphocyte Activation ; Mice ; Phosphorylation ; Phosphotyrosine ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/*metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-vav ; *Proto-Oncogenes ; Tyrosine/analogs & derivatives/analysis
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    Homeobox genes go evolutionary (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-01-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jan 24;255(5043):399-401.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1346475" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Drosophila/genetics ; *Genes, Homeobox ; Humans ; Mice
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Defining protective responses to pathogens: cytokine profiles in leprosy lesions (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-01-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yamamura, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jan 3;255(5040):12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1553522" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Cytokines/genetics/*physiology ; Humans ; Interleukin-3/genetics ; Interleukin-5/genetics ; Interleukin-7/genetics ; Leprosy/*physiopathology ; Molecular Sequence Data
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  • 179
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    Interaction between human cyclin A and adenovirus E1A-associated p107 protein (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-01-03
    Description: The products of the adenovirus early region 1A (E1A) gene are potent oncoproteins when tested in standard transformation and immortalization assays. Many of the changes induced by E1A may be due to its interaction with cellular proteins. Four of these cellular proteins are the retinoblastoma protein (pRB), p107, cyclin A, and p33cdk2. The pRB and p107 proteins are structurally related and have several characteristics in common, including that they both bind to the SV40 large T oncoprotein as well as to E1A. Cyclin A and p33cdk2 are thought to function in the control of the cell cycle. They bind to one another, forming a kinase that closely resembles the cell cycle-regulating complexes containing p34cdc2. Cyclin A is now shown to bind to p107 in the absence of E1A. The association of p107 with cyclin A suggests a direct link between cell cycle control and the function of p107.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Faha, B -- Ewen, M E -- Tsai, L H -- Livingston, D M -- Harlow, E -- CA 13106/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 55339/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jan 3;255(5040):87-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Charlestown 02129.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1532458" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenovirus Early Proteins ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; CDC2 Protein Kinase/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cyclins/immunology/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Glutathione Transferase/genetics/isolation & purification ; Humans ; Methionine/metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Nuclear Proteins ; Oncogene Proteins, Viral/*metabolism ; Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/isolation & purification ; Retinoblastoma Protein/metabolism ; Retinoblastoma-Like Protein p107
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    Three physicians convicted in French 'blood-supply trial' (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-10-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Aldhous, P -- Tastemain, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Oct 30;258(5083):735.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1439777" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*transmission ; Blood Coagulation Factors/history/*standards ; Drug Contamination/*legislation & jurisprudence ; France ; Hemophilia A/*complications/*drug therapy ; History, 20th Century ; Humans
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    Thermal stability comparison of purified empty and peptide-filled forms of a class I MHC molecule (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-12-04
    Description: A secreted form of a class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule was denatured and renatured in vitro in the absence of peptide. The resulting empty class I heterodimer was immunologically reactive and structurally similar to a heterodimer renatured in the presence of an appropriate restricted peptide. Thermal stability profiles indicated that the two forms of heterodimer differed in their resistance to denaturation by heat but that a significant portion of the empty class I heterodimers had a native conformation at physiological temperatures. Free energies calculated from these data gave a direct measure of the stabilization of the class I MHC molecule that resulted from peptide binding.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fahnestock, M L -- Tamir, I -- Narhi, L -- Bjorkman, P J -- AI28931/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Dec 4;258(5088):1658-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1360705" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; CHO Cells ; Circular Dichroism ; Cricetinae ; Drug Stability ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase/genetics/metabolism ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/*chemistry/genetics ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Macromolecular Substances ; *Protein Conformation ; Protein Folding ; Thermodynamics ; Transfection
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    Plakoglobin and beta-catenin: distinct but closely related (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-08-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Butz, S -- Stappert, J -- Weissig, H -- Kemler, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Aug 21;257(5073):1142-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1509266" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cadherins/*chemistry/metabolism ; Cattle ; Cell Line ; Cytoskeletal Proteins/*chemistry/metabolism ; Desmoplakins ; Dogs ; Humans ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; *Trans-Activators ; Xenopus ; Xenopus Proteins ; beta Catenin ; gamma Catenin
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    Miscarriage study (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-07-17
    Description: In the letter of 19 June 1992 (p. 1613) by Ellen C. Weaver and Stephanie J. Bird of the Association for Women in Science (AWIS), an incorrect phone number was given for the AWIS mentoring program. The correct number is 800-886-AWIS.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Byrne, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jul 17;257(5068):310.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1631547" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abortion, Spontaneous/*etiology ; Bacterial Infections/complications ; Female ; *Fetal Tissue Transplantation ; Fetus/*microbiology ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Virus Diseases/complications
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    Fast perceptual learning in visual hyperacuity (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-05-15
    Description: In many different spatial discrimination tasks, such as in determining the sign of the offset in a vernier stimulus, the human visual system exhibits hyperacuity by evaluating spatial relations with the precision of a fraction of a photoreceptor's diameter. It is proposed that this impressive performance depends in part on a fast learning process that uses relatively few examples and that occurs at an early processing stage in the visual pathway. This hypothesis is given support by the demonstration that it is possible to synthesize, from a small number of examples of a given task, a simple network that attains the required performance level. Psychophysical experiments agree with some of the key predictions of the model. In particular, fast stimulus-specific learning is found to take place in the human visual system, and this learning does not transfer between two slightly different hyperacuity tasks.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Poggio, T -- Fahle, M -- Edelman, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 May 15;256(5059):1018-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1589770" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Algorithms ; Computer Simulation ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Learning/*physiology ; Models, Biological ; Photoreceptor Cells/physiology ; Visual Acuity/*physiology ; Visual Pathways/physiology ; Visual Perception/*physiology
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    Scientist-consultants accuse OSI of missing the pattern (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-05-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hamilton, D P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 May 8;256(5058):738-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1589752" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/microbiology ; *Hiv ; Humans ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Scientific Misconduct ; Societies, Medical ; Societies, Scientific ; United States
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    HIV comes in five family groups (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-05-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sternberg, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 May 15;256(5059):966.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1589779" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/epidemiology/*microbiology ; Africa ; HIV/*classification/genetics/immunology ; HIV-1/classification/genetics ; Humans
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  • 187
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    AIDS story prompts libel suit (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-12-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Dec 4;258(5088):1567.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1455240" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology/transmission ; Animals ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; *Jurisprudence ; Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral/*adverse effects ; United States
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  • 188
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    Mammography trial comes under fire (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-05-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Allison, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 May 22;256(5060):1128-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1589786" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Breast Neoplasms/*etiology/mortality ; Canada/epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Mammography/*adverse effects ; United States/epidemiology
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  • 189
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    Forensic DNA typing (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-02-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yarbrough, L R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Feb 28;255(5048):1052; author reply 1052-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1546302" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: DNA Fingerprinting/*standards ; Forensic Medicine/*standards ; Humans
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  • 190
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    The Gallo probe. The Richards panel tosses a curve (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-04-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hamilton, D P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Apr 3;256(5053):23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1566052" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology ; France ; HIV/*isolation & purification/pathogenicity ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Research/*standards ; *Scientific Misconduct ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 191
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    Emerging principles for the recognition of peptide antigens by MHC class I molecules (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-08-14
    Description: Class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules interact with self and foreign peptides of diverse amino acid sequences yet exhibit distinct allele-specific selectivity for peptide binding. The structures of the peptide-binding specificity pockets (subsites) in the groove of murine H-2Kb as well as human histocompatibility antigen class I molecules have been analyzed. Deep but highly conserved pockets at each end of the groove bind the amino and carboxyl termini of peptide through extensive hydrogen bonding and, hence, dictate the orientation of peptide binding. A deep polymorphic pocket in the middle of the groove provides the chemical and structural complementarity for one of the peptide's anchor residues, thereby playing a major role in allele-specific peptide binding. Although one or two shallow pockets in the groove may also interact with specific peptide side chains, their role in the selection of peptide is minor. Thus, usage of a limited number of both deep and shallow pockets in multiple combinations appears to allow the binding of a broad range of peptides. This binding occurs with high affinity, primarily because of extensive interactions with the peptide backbone and the conserved hydrogen bonding network at both termini of the peptide. Interactions between the anchor residue (or residues) and the corresponding allele-specific pocket provide sufficient extra binding affinity not only to enhance specificity but also to endure the presentation of the peptide at the cell surface for recognition by T cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Matsumura, M -- Fremont, D H -- Peterson, P A -- Wilson, I A -- CA-09523/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-97489/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Aug 14;257(5072):927-34.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Immunology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1323878" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antigens/chemistry/*metabolism ; Binding Sites ; H-2 Antigens/chemistry/*metabolism ; HLA-A2 Antigen/chemistry ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/chemistry/*metabolism ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Mice ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Ovalbumin/chemistry/metabolism ; Peptide Fragments/chemistry/metabolism ; Peptides/chemistry/*metabolism ; Protein Conformation ; Solvents ; Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus/metabolism ; Viral Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 192
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    Lack of protective immunity against reinfection with hepatitis C virus (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-10-02
    Description: Some individuals infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) experience multiple episodes of acute hepatitis. It is unclear whether these episodes are due to reinfection with HCV or to reactivation of the original virus infection. Markers of viral replication and host immunity were studied in five chimpanzees sequentially inoculated over a period of 3 years with different HCV strains of proven infectivity. Each rechallenge of a convalescent chimpanzee with the same or a different HCV strain resulted in the reappearance of viremia, which was due to infection with the subsequent challenge virus. The evidence indicates that HCV infection does not elicit protective immunity against reinfection with homologous or heterologous strains, which raises concerns for the development of effective vaccines against HCV.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Farci, P -- Alter, H J -- Govindarajan, S -- Wong, D C -- Engle, R -- Lesniewski, R R -- Mushahwar, I K -- Desai, S M -- Miller, R H -- Ogata, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Oct 2;258(5079):135-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Hepatitis Viruses Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1279801" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acute Disease ; Aged ; Alanine Transaminase/biosynthesis ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Hepacivirus/physiology ; Hepatitis Antibodies/biosynthesis ; Hepatitis C/*immunology ; Hepatitis C Antibodies ; Humans ; Immunity, Active ; Longitudinal Studies ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Pan troglodytes ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Homology ; Transcription, Genetic ; Viremia ; Virus Replication
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 193
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    Diplomacy and the AIDS blood test (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-05-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 May 15;256(5059):955.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1589773" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *AIDS Serodiagnosis ; France ; Humans ; *International Cooperation ; *Patents as Topic ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 194
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    In the trenches, doubts about scientific integrity (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-03-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hamilton, David P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Mar 27;255(5052):1636.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11642983" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Academies and Institutes ; *Attitude ; Data Collection ; *Fraud ; Humans ; Motivation ; *Research Personnel ; *Scientific Misconduct ; *Social Control, Informal ; Statistics as Topic ; United States ; *Universities
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 195
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    Hidden messages in genetic maps (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-10-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Farr, C J -- Goodfellow, P N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Oct 2;258(5079):49.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Genetics Department, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1439767" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Chromosome Mapping ; Conserved Sequence ; Dosage Compensation, Genetic ; Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genome ; Humans ; Mammals/*genetics ; Rats ; *X Chromosome ; *Y Chromosome
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 196
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    Atomic structure of the cubic core of the pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-03-20
    Description: The highly symmetric pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complexes have molecular masses ranging from 5 to 10 million daltons. They consist of numerous copies of three different enzymes: pyruvate dehydrogenase, dihydrolipoyl transacetylase, and lipoamide dehydrogenase. The three-dimensional crystal structure of the catalytic domain of Azotobacter vinelandii dihydrolipoyl transacetylase has been determined at 2.6 angstrom (A) resolution. Eight trimers assemble as a hollow truncated cube with an edge of 125 A, forming the core of the multienzyme complex. Coenzyme A must enter the 29 A long active site channel from the inside of the cube, and lipoamide must enter from the outside. The trimer of the catalytic domain of dihydrolipoyl transacetylase has a topology identical to chloramphenicol acetyl transferase. The atomic structure of the 24-subunit cube core provides a framework for understanding all pyruvate dehydrogenase and related multienzyme complexes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mattevi, A -- Obmolova, G -- Schulze, E -- Kalk, K H -- Westphal, A H -- de Kok, A -- Hol, W G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Mar 20;255(5051):1544-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemistry, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1549782" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Azotobacter vinelandii/enzymology ; Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase/genetics ; Humans ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Molecular Structure ; Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex/*chemistry/genetics ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 197
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    Dendritic cells exposed to human immunodeficiency virus type-1 transmit a vigorous cytopathic infection to CD4+ T cells (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-07-17
    Description: The paucity of virus-laden CD4+ cells in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) contrasts with the greatly reduced numbers and function of these lymphocytes. A pathway is described whereby dendritic cells carry HIV-1 to uninfected T cells, amplifying the cytopathic effects of small amounts of virus. After exposure to HIV-1, dendritic cells continue to present superantigens and antigens, forming clusters with T cells that are driven to replicate. Infection of the dendritic cells cannot be detected, but the clustered T cells form syncytia, release virions, and die. Carriage of HIV-1 by dendritic cells may facilitate the lysis and loss of antigen specific CD4+ T cells in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cameron, P U -- Freudenthal, P S -- Barker, J M -- Gezelter, S -- Inaba, K -- Steinman, R M -- AI 24775/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- MOI-RR00102/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jul 17;257(5068):383-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory for Cellular Physiology and Immunology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1352913" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/drug therapy/*transmission ; Animals ; Antigen-Presenting Cells/immunology ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology/*microbiology ; Cell Separation ; Dendritic Cells/*immunology/*microbiology ; Flow Cytometry ; HIV Core Protein p24/biosynthesis ; HIV Long Terminal Repeat/physiology ; HIV-1/*pathogenicity ; In Vitro Techniques ; Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed ; Mice ; Microscopy, Electron ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Zidovudine/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 198
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    A low-fat theory of anesthesia (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-01-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Matthews, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jan 10;255(5041):156-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1553540" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Anesthesia, General ; Anesthetics/pharmacology ; Humans ; Membrane Lipids/*physiology ; Membrane Proteins/*physiology ; Models, Biological
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 199
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    The safety of foods developed by biotechnology (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-06-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kessler, D A -- Taylor, M R -- Maryanski, J H -- Flamm, E L -- Kahl, L S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jun 26;256(5065):1747-9, 1832.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Rockville, MD 20857.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1615315" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biotechnology ; *Consumer Product Safety ; Food/*adverse effects ; Food Hypersensitivity ; Genetic Engineering ; Humans ; Legislation, Drug ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 200
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    AIDS epicenter (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-07-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mavoungou, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jul 31;257(5070):598-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1496364" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*epidemiology ; Gabon ; Humans
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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