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  • Chemistry  (7.834)
  • Inorganic Chemistry  (668)
  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION  (549)
  • Aerodynamics
  • Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics
  • SPACE SCIENCES
  • 1985-1989  (8.395)
  • 1950-1954
  • 1945-1949
  • 1940-1944
  • 1986  (8.395)
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  • 1985-1989  (8.395)
  • 1950-1954
  • 1945-1949
  • 1940-1944
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  • 1
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-09-19
    Beschreibung: WIN 51711 and WIN 52084 are structurally related, antiviral compounds that inhibit the replication of rhino (common cold) viruses and related picornaviruses. They prevent the pH-mediated uncoating of the viral RNA. The compounds consist of a 3-methylisoxazole group that inserts itself into the hydrophobic interior of the VP1 beta-barrel, a connecting seven-membered aliphatic chain, and a 4-oxazolinylphenoxy group (OP) that covers the entrance to an ion channel in the floor of the "canyon." Viral disassembly may be inhibited by preventing the collapse of the VP1 hydrophobic pocket or by blocking the flow of ions into the virus interior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, T J -- Kremer, M J -- Luo, M -- Vriend, G -- Arnold, E -- Kamer, G -- Rossmann, M G -- McKinlay, M A -- Diana, G D -- Otto, M J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Sep 19;233(4770):1286-93.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3018924" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Antiviral Agents/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Binding Sites ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Humans ; Isoxazoles/metabolism/pharmacology ; Poliovirus/drug effects/metabolism ; Rhinovirus/*drug effects/metabolism ; X-Ray Diffraction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-12-19
    Beschreibung: Monoclonal antibodies elicited to haptens that are analogs of the transition state for hydrolysis of carboxylic esters behaved as enzymic catalysts with the appropriate substrates. These substrates are distinguished by the structural congruence of both hydrolysis products with haptenic fragments. The haptens were potent inhibitors of this esterolytic activity, in agreement with their classification as transition state analogs. Mechanisms are proposed to account for the different chemical behavior of these antibodies with two types of ester substrates. The generation of an artificial enzyme through transition state stabilization by antibodies was thus demonstrated. These studies indicate a potentially general approach to catalyst design.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tramontano, A -- Janda, K D -- Lerner, R A -- GM35318/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Dec 19;234(4783):1566-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3787261" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology ; Binding Sites ; Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases ; *Catalysis ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Esters/immunology/metabolism ; Haptens/immunology ; Hydrolysis ; Kinetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
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    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-04-18
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Merrifield, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Apr 18;232(4748):341-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3961484" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; In Vitro Techniques ; Methods ; Nucleotides/*chemical synthesis ; Peptide Fragments/metabolism ; Peptides/*chemical synthesis ; Ribonuclease, Pancreatic/chemical synthesis/metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Publikationsdatum: 1986-05-30
    Beschreibung: For many drugs, only racemic mixtures are available for clinical use. Because different stereoisomers of drugs often cause different physiological responses, the use of pure isomers could elicit more exact therapeutic effects. Differential complexation of a variety of drug stereoisomers by immobilized beta-cyclodextrin was investigated. Chiral recognition and racemic resolution were observed with a number of compounds from such clinically useful classes as beta-blockers, calcium-channel blockers, sedative hypnotics, antihistamines, anticonvulsants, diuretics, and synthetic opiates. Separation of the diastereomers of the cardioactive and antimalarial cinchona alkaloids and of two antiestrogens was demonstrated as well. Three dimensional projections of beta-cyclodextrin complexes of propanolol, which is resolved by this technique, and warfarin, which is not, are compared. These studies have improved the understanding and application of the chiral interactions of beta-cyclodextrin, and they have demonstrated a means to measure optical purity and to isolate or produce pure enantiomers of drugs. In addition, this highly specific technique could also be used in the pharmacological evaluation of enantiomeric drugs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Armstrong, D W -- Ward, T J -- Armstrong, R D -- Beesley, T E -- RR1081/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 May 30;232(4754):1132-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3704640" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Cinchona Alkaloids/isolation & purification ; *Cyclodextrins ; *Dextrins ; Propranolol/isolation & purification ; *Starch ; *Stereoisomerism ; Warfarin/isolation & purification ; *beta-Cyclodextrins
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
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    Unbekannt
    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-02-14
    Beschreibung: Spectroscopic and spectrophotometric data on the atmospheres of comets, the outer planets, and Titan at ultraviolet to near-infrared wavelengths were acquired. These data support an effort aimed at characterizing the physical properties and distribution of aerosol particles in the atmospheres of these bodies. New spectrophotometry was acquired of Uranus at 0.2 lambda 0.3 micrometer with IUE; archival IUE spectrophotometry of Uranus and Neptune in this wavelength range was acquired and recalibrated. New estimates of radiometric Bond albedos and global energy budges of Uranus, Neptune and Titan were published.
    Schlagwort(e): LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Materialart: NASA, Washington Reports of Planetary Astronomy, 1985; p 19
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-02-14
    Beschreibung: Infrared observations were made of the outer planet satellites. These data provide vital information about the thermophysical properties of satellite surfaces, including internal heat sources for Io. Observations include both broad and narrow band measurements in the 2 to 20 micrometer spectral range. Types of observation and target priority were determined to make maximum use of existing data from Voyager and other missions, on-going and planned missions such as Galileo, were supported and techniques and data for planning new missions and instrumentation were developed.
    Schlagwort(e): LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Materialart: NASA, Washington Reports of Planetary Astronomy, 1985; p 38
    Format: text
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  • 7
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    Unbekannt
    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-02-14
    Beschreibung: Telescopic observations were made of gases and plasmas in the Jupiter system, and related phenomena such as the recently-discovered sodium atmosphere of Mercury. Sodium absorption in Io's atmosphere was observed to distances as large as 5 Io radii during the mutual-eclipse season of the Jovian satellites. Analysis of Jovian disk spectra has proceeded, as planned, from an emphasis on the H2 ortho-para ratio to analysis of methane absorptions and determination of cloud structure. Several 2-channel photometers were constructed in 1978 for the Uranus event at which the rings were discovered and a smaller, single-channel unit was built more recently. Although the photometers themselves are still fully usable, the data-acquisition systems have major deficiencies.
    Schlagwort(e): LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Materialart: NASA, Washington Reports of Planetary Astronomy, 1985; p 34-35
    Format: text
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  • 8
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-02-14
    Beschreibung: It is proposed to measure the reflectance spectra of the icy satellites of Jupiter, Saturn and Uranus in the spectral region 1.8 to 2.4 micrometers. These observations use the new Cooled Grating Array Spectrometer using a 32-element InSb photodiode array detector and produce spectra of higher resolution and precision than any data yet obtained; the ultimate scientific objective is to search for the signatures of methane clathrate, ammonium hydroxide or carbon monoxide clathrate (compounds predicted to exist on icy surfaces in the outer solar system by several theories of formation of these bodies) in the region of the spectrum where water ice has a relative maximum in reflectance. At the very least, these data will allow upper limits to be placed on the amount of these chemical species that can be present. The specific targets is Europa, Ganymede, Enceladus, Ariel and Titania, bodies that have the highest probability of having some or all of these volatiles on their surface according to current formation models.
    Schlagwort(e): LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Materialart: NASA, Washington Reports of Planetary Astronomy, 1985; p 20
    Format: text
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  • 9
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-02-14
    Beschreibung: In order to understand the origin and distribution of the biogenic elements and their compounds in the solar system, it will be necessary to study material from many classes of objects. Chemical, elemental, and isotopic measurements of returned samples of comets, asteroids, and possibly extra-solar system dust clouds would provide information on a particularly important class: the primitive objects. Extraterrestrial micron-sized particles in the vicinity of earth are one source of such materials that might otherwise be inaccessible. The Space Station appears to be an eminently suitable platform from which to collect and detect these various particles. The primary challenge, however, is to collect intact, uncontaminated particles which will be encounted at tens of kilometers per seconds. A concept for a micrometeoroid detector that could be deployed at a Space Station has been developed which uses a large area detector plate implanted with acoustic transducers. When an impact event occurs, the resulting signal is subjected to spectral analysis providing positive detection, momentum information, and angle of incidence. The primary advantage of this detector is the large area which increases the probability of measuring events.
    Schlagwort(e): LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Materialart: NASA, Washington Second Symposium on Chemical Evolution and the Origin and Evolution of Life; p 59
    Format: text
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  • 10
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-02-14
    Beschreibung: The recent Voyager flyby of Titan produced evidence for at least nine organic compounds in that atmosphere that are heavier than methane. Several models of Titan's atmosphere, as well as laboratory simulations, suggest the presence of organics considerably more complex that those observed. To ensure that the in situ measurements are definitive with respect to Titan's atmosphere, experiment concepts, and the related instrumentation, must be carefully developed specifically for such a mission. To this end, the possible composition of the environment to be analyzed must be bracketed and model samples must be provided for instrumentation development studies. Laboratory studies to define the optimum flight experiment and sampling strategy for a Titan entry probe are currently being conducted. Titan mixtures are being subjected to a variety of energy sources including high voltage electron from a DC discharge, high current electric shock, and laser detonation. Gaseous and solid products are produced which are then analyzed. Samples from these experiements are also provided to candidate flight experiments as models for instrument development studies. Preliminary results show that existing theoretical models for chemistry in Titan's atmosphere cannot adequetely explain the presence and abundance of all trace gases observed in these experiments.
    Schlagwort(e): LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Materialart: NASA, Washington Second Symposium on Chemical Evolution and the Origin and Evolution of Life; p 52
    Format: text
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