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  • AERODYNAMICS  (594)
  • 1980-1984  (342)
  • 1970-1974  (252)
  • 1980  (342)
  • 1972  (252)
  • 1
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    In-flight aeroacoustic environments on prospective space shuttle vehicles (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-30
    Description: The problem of in-flight aerodynamic noise has been studied by reliable estimates of full scale surface-pressure fluctuations from scale model tests in wind tunnels. Scaling relationships have been verified, and many details of the fluctuating pressure characteristics such as spatial correlation and convection velocities are understood. The effects of the wind tunnel environmental turbulence and noise have also been investigated sufficiently so that threshold levels of usable data are known.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA Space Shuttle Technol. Conf.; p 71-96
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  • 2
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    Summary and future plans (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-12-03
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Supercritical Wing Technol.: A Report on Flight Evaluation; p 121-133
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  • 3
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    Piloting and operational aspets of the F-8 supercritical wing airplane (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-12-03
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Supercritical Wing Technol.: A Report on Flight Evaluation; p 97-110
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  • 4
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    Status of the F-8 supercritical wing program (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-12-03
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Supercritical Wing Technol.: A Report on Flight Evaluation; p 49-58
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  • 5
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    F-8 supercritical wing pressure distribution evaluation (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-12-03
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Supercritical Wing Technol.: A Report on Flight Evaluation; p 71-84
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  • 6
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    Buffet characteristics of the F-8 supercritical wing airplane (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-12-03
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Supercritical Wing Technol.: A Report on Flight Evaluation; p 85-96
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  • 7
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    The NASA supercritical airfoil and its application to swept wings (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-12-03
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Supercritical Wing Technol.: A Report on Flight Evaluation; p 1-12
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  • 8
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    Evolution of the F-8 supercritical wing configuration (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-12-03
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Supercritical Wing Technol.: A Report on Flight Evaluation; p 35-48
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  • 9
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    EBF noise tests with engine under-the-wing and over-the-wing configurations (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-03-27
    Description: Noise tests of externally blown flaps with the engine under the wing and engine over the wing configurations were conducted. Flap noise data obtained on a TF-34 aircraft are discussed. Noise data obtained during a free-jet forward-speed-effect analysis are presented. Noise sources associated with upper surface flap blowing are described. Results of a small scale configuration screening study and some large scale model test data are analyzed. The noise data for the engine over wing configurations are compared with the engine under the wing configurations.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: STOL Technol.; p 455-473
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  • 10
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    Flap noise generation and control (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-03-27
    Description: The characteristics of aerodynamic noise generated by the interaction of an airstream with a flap surface are discussed. The location and behavior of various noise sources were investigated to determine optimal quieting techniques. A schematic diagram of the jet-flap concepts being considered for integrated-powered-lift systems for short takeoff aircraft is shown. Each of the concepts has in common high velocity turbulent air flowing over relatively rigid surfaces with resultant production of interaction noise. The nature, location, and control of noise sources which involve the interactions of air flows with airfoil surfaces are examined.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: STOL Technol.; p 413-426
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  • 11
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    Acoustic characteristics of large-scale STOL models at forward speed (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-03-27
    Description: Wind-tunnel investigations of the acoustic characteristics of the externally blown jet flap (EBF) and augmentor wing STOL concepts are discussed. The large-scale EBF model was equipped with a triple-slotted flap blown by four JT15D turbofan engines with circular, coannular exhaust nozzles. The large-scale augmentor wing model was equipped with an unlined augmentor blown by a slot primary nozzle. The effects of airspeed and angle of attack on the acoustics of the EBF were small. Flap deflection had a greater effect on the acoustics of the augmentor wing than did airspeed. The total sound power was also significantly higher for landing indicating that turning in the augmentor generated acoustic energy. Airspeed produced a small aft shift in acoustic directivity with no significant change in the peak perceived noise levels or sound power levels. Small-scale research of the acoustics for the augmentor wing has shown that by blowing an acoustically treated augmentor with a lobed primary nozzle, the 95-PNdb noise level goal can be achieved or surpassed.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: STOL Technol.; p 443-454
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  • 12
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    Externally blown flap impingement noise (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-03-27
    Description: Tests of the noise produced by the impingement of the jet exhaust on the wing and flap for an externally blown flap system were conducted with a CF700 turbofan engine and an F-111B wing panel. The noise produced with a daisy nozzle installed on the engine was greater than that produced by a conical nozzle at the same thrust. The presence of the wing next to the test nozzles increased the noise, as did increasing the flap deflection angle. Compared with the conical nozzle, the daisy nozzle produced slightly less noise at a flap deflection of 60 deg but produced more noise at the lower flap deflections tested. Tests showed that the single-slotted flap deflected 60 deg, produced less noise than the double-slotted flaps. Also, maintaining the maximum distance between the exit nozzle and flap system resulted in a minor reduction in noise.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: STOL Technol.; p 427-441
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  • 13
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    Survey of wing and flap lower-surface temperatures and pressures during full-scale ground tests of an externally blown flap system (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-03-27
    Description: Full-scale ground tests of an externally blown flap system were made using the wing of an F-111B airplane and a CF700 engine. Pressure and temperature distributions were determined on the undersurface of the wing, vane, and flap for two engine exhaust nozzles (conical and daisy) at several engine power and engine/wing positions. The tests were made with no airflow over the wing. The leading-edge wing sweep angle was fixed at 26 deg, the angle of incidence between the engine and the wing was fixed at 3 deg, and the tests were conducted with the flap retracted, extended and deflected 35 deg, and extended and deflected 60 deg. The integrated local pressures on the undersurface of the flap produced loads approximately three times as great at the 60 deg flap position as at the 35 deg flap position. With both nozzle configurations, more than 90 percent of the integrated pressure loads were contained within plus or minus 20 percent of the flap span centered around the engine exhaust centerline. The maximum temperature recorded on the flaps was 218 C (424 F) for the conical nozzle and 180 C (356 F) for the daisy nozzle.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: STOL Technol.; p 143-156
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  • 14
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    Simulator evaluation of the flying qualities of externally blown flap and augmentor wing transport configurations (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-03-27
    Description: Concurrent simulations of powered-lift STOL transport aircraft having either an externally blown flap configuration or an augmentor wing configuration were conducted. The following types of simulators of varying sophistication were used: (1) a simple fixed-base simulation with a simple visual display, (2) a more complex fixed-base simulation using a realistic transport cockpit and a high-quality visual display, and (3) a six-degree-of-freedom motion simulator that had a realistic transport cockpit and a sophisticated visual display. The unaugmented flying qualities determined from these simulations were rated as unacceptable for both the externally blown flap and augmentor wing configurations. The longitudinal, lateral-directional, and single-engine-failure characteristics were rated satisfactory with extensive augmentation, including pitch and roll command systems, flight-path (or speed) augmentation, turn coordination, and effective yaw damping. However, the flare and landing characteristics from any approach glide-path angle in excess of 4 deg were rated as unsatisfactory but acceptable.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: STOL Technol.; p 157-800
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  • 15
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    Aerodynamics of the upper surface blow flap (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-03-27
    Description: The results of some preliminary wind-tunnel investigations made to provide fundamental aerodynamic information on the upper surface blown jet-flap concept incorporating high-bypass-ratio turbofan engines are summarized. The results of the investigation have shown the concept to have aerodynamic performance generally similar to that of other externally blown high-lift systems. A few of the more critical problems associated with this concept have been identified and preliminary solutions to some of these problems have been found. These results have proven to be sufficiently encouraging to warrant continuation of fundamental research efforts on the concept.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA. Langley Res. Center STOL Technol.; p 97-110
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  • 16
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    Advanced augmentor-wing research (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-03-27
    Description: Results of research on advanced augmentors are discussed. Research concerned with performance has indicated that: (1) augmentors with lobe-type nozzles give higher thrust augmentation than those with slot-type primary nozzles, (2) the thrust of augmentor wings at forward speed is greater than that of internally blown flaps for the speed range of interest, and (3) the optimum augmentor geometry at forward speed may be different from the optimum static geometry. Analysis of augmentor-wing data has shown that the data may be correlated by accounting for the augmentation and entrainment in defining a net thrust coefficient.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: STOL Technol.; p 87-96
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  • 17
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    Aerodynamic characteristics of a swept augmentor wing (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-03-27
    Description: A brief outline of augmentor wing research sponsored by Ames Research Center is presented and is followed by a discussion of large-scale wind-tunnel test results for a swept augmentor wing configuration. The results showed that the augmentor wing could be applied to high-speed swept wing designs with little adverse effect on either the basic performance of the augmentor or the longitudinal characteristics, including maximum lift and stall. Three lateral control devices were shown to be effective and ground effect was measured for several complete aircraft configurations.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: STOL Technol.; p 71-86
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  • 18
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    Aerodynamic loads measurements on externally blown flap STOL models (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-03-27
    Description: Small-scale-model data have shown large static loads on the flap system behind the engines. The large-scale-model tests confirmed the magnitude of these loads and indicated that the relative loading of each flap element depends on the engine-wing-flap geometry. Flap response measurements indicated that the unsteady pressure loading excited the natural vibration modes of the flap system on this model. Since this was a boilerplate model, the only conclusion that can be drawn is that the possibility of large vibration loads must be considered for a flight-weight structure. The similarity of the unsteady pressure and flap response spectra for the wind-off and wind-on cases indicated that it may be possible to realistically test flight-weight flap structures on a static test stand rather than endure the extra costs and scheduling problems associated with large-scale wind-tunnel tests. There is a potential flap-temperature problem which if not resolved might preclude the use of materials such as aluminum and the composites in the flap structure.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: STOL Technol.; p 121-130
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  • 19
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    Aerodynamic and performance characteristics of externally blown flap configurations (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-03-27
    Description: The application of externally blown flaps for improving the performance of short takeoff aircraft is discussed. The characteristics of externally blown flap powered lift are examined. A method for predicting the aerodynamic performance of a particular externally blown flap configuration is presented. The following specific effects are analyzed: (1) induced aerodynamics, (2) static turning, (3) flap span and deflection, and (4) engine size and chord flap.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: STOL Technol.; p 43-54
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  • 20
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    Stability and control of externally blown flap configurations (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-03-27
    Description: The results of wind-tunnel investigations on the stability and control characteristics of externally blown jet-flap configurations are presented. Conventional wind-tunnel tests and free-flight model tests have shown that longitudinal trim and stability can be achieved by a properly located horizontal tail of sufficient size, and that lateral trim in the engine-out condition can be produced by combinations of differential flap, spoiler, and rudder deflection. Free-flight model tests have revealed a lightly damped Dutch roll lateral oscillation, and have shown that the oscillation can be stabilized by use of artificial damping.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: STOL Technol.; p 55-70
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  • 21
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    Reduction of wave drag by antisymmetric arrangement of wings and bodies. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: The wave interference effects for bodies or wings in a mirror-symmetric arrangement, and in an antisymmetric arrangement are discussed. It is shown that while in the case of a mirror-symmetric arrangement large adverse interference effects can be observed, antisymmetric arrangements provide comparatively much smaller wave drags. The single continuous wing panels also adapt themselves more readily to varying angles of obliquity, and hence, to varying flight speeds. A detailed review is presented of the previous work on the aerodynamic properties and flight stability of oblique elliptic wing combinations. A possible mode of application of these combinations to transport aircraft operating at moderate supersonic speeds is suggested.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA Journal; 10; Feb. 197
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  • 22
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    Impact probe displacement in a supersonic turbulent boundary layer. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: The experiment was performed on the test section sidewall in a supersonic pressure tunnel. The boundary layer at the test station was surveyed in turn by each of 8 impact probes ranging in size from about 1.3 to 48 mm. The impact pressures measured by these probes were combined with the test section static pressure to calculate Mach numbers. Probe displacement effects were evaluated in terms of these Mach number values.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA Journal; 10; Apr. 197
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  • 23
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    Effects of transverse outflow from a hypersonic separated region. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Features of hypersonic, finite-span separated flows with a turbulent boundary layer have been studied to provide a partial assessment of transverse outflow effects on separated flowfield characteristics. Results demonstrate the critical importance of transverse outflow in determining some of the characteristic features of a turbulent, separated boundary layer.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA Journal; 10; Apr. 197
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  • 24
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    Turbulent-wake calculations with an eddy-viscosity model. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: A simple eddy-viscosity model is shown to make it possible to calculate numerically the mean properties of a turbulent wake. Although the structure of the Reynolds stress terms is not resolved, the results obtained are adequate for predicting velocity profiles and displacement thicknesses.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA Journal; 10; Feb. 197
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  • 25
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    Shock-wave, turbulent boundary-layer interaction on a blunted compression surface. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: The application of Rose's (1970) analytical method to the study of a shock wave interacting with a turbulent layer on a blunted compression surface is described. Only those details of the method that specifically apply to the case under consideration are discussed.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets; 9; Apr. 197
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  • 26
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    Measurements of skin friction on the wall of a hypersonic nozzle. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Direct skin friction measurements obtained on the wall of a Mach 19.8 nozzle are presented. These measurements of skin friction and values deduced from the profile data are compared with predictions from a finite difference theory and also with several 'flat-plate' prediction methods for skin friction.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA Journal; 10; Sept
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  • 27
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    Taylor instability in the shock layer on a Jovian atmosphere entry probe. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Investigation of the Taylor instability relative to the dynamical instability whose presence in the shock layer on a spacecraft entering the Jovian atmosphere is to be expected because of the difference in velocity across the shear layer. Presented calculations show that the Taylor instability at the interface between shock-heated freestream gas and ablation products is inconsequential in comparison to the shear layer instability.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets; 9; Sept
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  • 28
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    Transition in compressible free shear layers. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: The transition Reynolds number for shear layers produced by interactions between weak and strong shock waves is determined on the basis of experiments performed in a 20-in. (Mach 6) and an 11-in. (Mach 6.9) hypersonic tunnel. A variable angle wedge was used to generate a planar shock wave which interacted with the bow wave of a blunt body. An average value of the transition length (defined as the length along the shear layer from the shock interaction to the point where turbulence became visible on schlieren photographs) was used to determine the transition Reynolds number.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets; 9; Aug. 197
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  • 29
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    Correlations of peak heating in shock interference regions at hypersonic speeds. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Correlations are given of measured pressure and heat-transfer peaks for shock/boundary-layer interactions and shear layer attachment on configurations with both two- and three-dimensional interactions. The peak values were obtained from an investigation of shock interference heating on hemispheres, a 30-deg included angle wedge, and a 2.54-cm-diam cylindrical leading-edge fin model. The investigation covers data for Mach numbers of 6 and 20 over freestream Reynolds numbers ranging from (3.3 to 25.6) million per meter, and specific heat ratios of 1.4 and 1.67.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets; 9; Aug. 197
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  • 30
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    The effect of angle of attack on boundary-layer transition on cones. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Boundary-layer transition on 5- and 15-deg half-angle cones was studied as a function of angle of attack (ranging from 0 to 20 deg) in a 3.5 ft hypersonic wind tunnel at a freestream Mach number of 7.4. It is shown that the influence of the angle of attack on the transition Reynolds number is a function of the meridian angle. On the windward ray of the 15-deg cone, transition Reynolds numbers show an initial slight increase and then a decrease with increasing angle of attack; leeward-ray Reynolds numbers for this cone decrease rapidly with angle of attack. Windward-ray transition Reynolds numbers increase monotonically with angle of attack on the 5-deg cone, but the effect of the angle of attack on the leeward ray is the same as for the 15-deg cone.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA Journal; 10; Aug. 197
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  • 31
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    Computation of transonic flow about finite lifting wings. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: The results of Murman and Krupp (1971) are used to develop a procedure for computing a transonic flow about a finite lifting wing. A small disturbance equation describing the velocity potential of three-dimensional wings is solved in the process. The procedure is applied to a wing with a symmetric biconvex airfoil section in a zero-incidence subsonic flow, to a supersonic rectangular lifting wing with a sharp leading edge and to a subcritical nonlifting rectangular wing with a blunt leading edge.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA Journal; 10; July 197
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  • 32
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    Subsonic, transonic, and supersonic nozzle flow by the inverse technique. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: The inverse technique is used to obtain a mathematically and physically consistent solution of the flowfield in a nozzle from the mass generation surface through the supersonic region. The inverse method employs an assumed centerline function which is of the Cauchy type in that the values and the derivatives of the function are known. Since the Cauchy boundary conditions can give rise to numerical instabilities, the governing gasdynamic equations for rotational steady flow were transformed into a form which puts the geometry into a rectangular shape, and which spaces the network of interior points more finely in regions of the greatest gradients of the dependent variables. For arbitrarily specified centerline data, the solution of the governing flow equations may not exist, and if it does it may not depend continuously on the data.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets; 9; June 197
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  • 33
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    Influence of contraction section shape and inlet flow direction on supersonic nozzle flow and performance. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Wall static pressure measurements and performance parameters are presented for axisymmetric supersonic nozzles with relatively steep convergent sections and comparatively small radius-of-curvature throats. The nozzle walls were essentially adiabatic. These results are compared with those obtained in other nozzles tested previously to appraise the influence of contraction shape on performance. Both the flow coefficient and the thrust were less than the corresponding values for one-dimensional, isentropic, plane flow for both the axial and radial inflow nozzles considered, but the specific impulse, the most important performance parameter, was found to be relatively unchanged. The thrust decrement for the axial inflow nozzles was established primarily by the shape of the contraction section, and could be estimated reasonably well from a conical sink flow consideration. The radial inflow nozzle has a potential advantage from a cooling point of view if used in a rocket engine.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets; 9; June 197
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  • 34
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    Cone transitional boundary-layer structure at Me = 14. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Experimental results suggest that the boundary-layer mean profiles in hypersonic flows may be highly transitional in the outer part of the boundary layer before the transition process is detected at the surface. Means of determining the initial location where the transition process begins in the outer part of the boundary layer are considered.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA Journal; 10; May 1972
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  • 35
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    Aerodynamic properties of spherical balloon wind sensors. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: A first-order theory of the fluctuating lift and drag coefficients associated with the aerodynamically induced motions of rising and falling spherical wind sensors is developed. The equations of motion of a sensor are perturbed about an equilibrium state in which the buoyancy force balances the mean vertical drag force. It is shown that, to within first order in perturbation quantities, the aerodynamic lift force is confined to the horizontal, and the fluctuating drag force associated with fluctuations in the drag coefficient acts along the vertical. The perturbation equations are transformed with Fourier-Stieltjes integrals. The resulting equations lead to relationships between the power spectra of the aerodynamically induced velocity components and the spectra of the fluctuating lift and drag coefficients.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Journal of Applied Meteorology; 11; Apr. 197
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  • 36
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    Multiple-orifice liquid injection into hypersonic air streams. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Review of oblique water and fluorocarbon injection test results obtained in experimental studies of the effects of multiple-orifice liquid injection into hypersonic air streams. The results include the finding that maximum lateral penetration from such injections increases linearly with the square root of the jet-to-freestream dynamic-pressure ratio and is proportional to an equivalent orifice diameter.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA Journal; 10; Dec. 197
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    Lee-side vortices on delta wings at hypersonic speeds. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: A fluid-dynamic investigation was carried out to determine the cause of intense heating observed on the lee meridian of hypersonic delta wings and also to derive means for its suppression. Several experimental techniques were combined with analysis of extensive heat-transfer measurements at a freestream Mach number of six in a range of Reynolds number to acquire a general description of the lee-flow structure. With attached leading-edge flow on the delta wings, the dominant feature is a pair of embedded vortices on the lee meridian whose interaction with the boundary-layer is responsible for the observed local heating. On the basis of flow visualization results and heat-transfer correlations, a qualitative vortex flow model is proposed which differs essentially from the conventional inboard separation vortex model.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA Journal; 10; Nov. 197
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  • 38
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    Simplification of the wing-body interference problem. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Journal of Aircraft; 9; Oct. 197
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  • 39
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    Oblique shock-sound interaction at a freestream Mach number of about 20 in helium. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Detailed experimental measurements of the characteristics and level of pre- and postshock disturbances obtained for typical disturbance modes and shock angles are presented to aid in the evaluation of transition studies conducted in 'noisy' hypersonic wind tunnels. The presented data suggest that the shock is probably generating total temperature fluctuations in a fashion directly related to shock strength. Since in high supersonic and hypersonic flows the total temperature fluctuations are mainly contained in velocity fluctuations, it may be concluded that the predominant disturbances generated are vorticity as long as the postshock flow is at a sufficiently high Mach number.-
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA Journal; 10; Dec. 197
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  • 40
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    Turbulent bursts and rings on a cone in helium at Me = 7.6. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Review of data obtained on turbulent burst geometry and growth characteristics for cone boundary-layer transition in a helium wind tunnel at a boundary-layer edge Mach number (Me) of 7.6. Detailed data concerning turbulent spot geometry and downstream propagation velocities were obtained using a spark schlieren system with sequential spark capability. In one particular test evidence of a symmetrical turbulent burst ring was obtained; all other bursts developed in a singular random manner. Profiles of the apparent outer edges of the bursts were obtained, and the velocities of the leading and trailing edges of the bursts relative to the local velocity were determined. The velocities of the leading and trailing edges were found to be fairly consistent for each observation, with the leading edge of the burst traveling at about local edge velocity, while the trailing edge moved supersonically relative to local speed.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA Journal; 10; Oct. 197
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  • 41
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    Radiative and convective heating during Venus entry. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Determination of the stagnation region heating of probes entering the Venusian atmosphere. Both convective and radiative heat-transfer rates are predicted, and account is taken of the important effects of radiative transport in the vehicle shock layer. A nongray radiative transport model is utilized which parallels a four-band treatment previously developed for air (Page et al., 1969), but includes two additional bands to account for the important CO(4+) molecular band system. Some comparisons are made between results for Venus entry and results for earth entry obtained using a viscous earth entry program.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA Journal; 10; Oct. 197
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  • 42
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    Three-layer interactive method for computing supersonic laminar separated flows (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: An interactive model for numerical computation of complicated two-dimensional flowfields including regions of reversed flow is proposed. The present approach is one of dividing the flowfield into three regions, in each of which a simplified mathematical model is applied: (1) outer, supersonic flow for which the full potential equation (hyperbolic) is used; (2) viscous, laminar layer in which the compressible boundary-layer model (parabolic) is used; and (3) recirculating flow modeled by the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations (elliptic). For matching of the numerical solutions in the three layers, two interaction models are developed: one for pressure interaction, the other for interaction between the shear layer and the recirculating flow. The uniform solution for the whole flowfield is then obtained by iteration of the local solutions under the constraints imposed by matching. The three-layer interactive model is used for solution of the flowfield past an asymmetric cavity. The method is shown to be capable of dealing with backflow without encountering problems at separation, characteristic to the boundary-layer approach.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA Journal; 18; Nov. 198
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  • 43
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    Noise radiation from the side edges of flaps (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The recently observed phenomenon of high noise radiation from the side edges of flaps in flow is investigated by way of a simple two-dimensional model problem. The model is based upon a physical picture of boundary layer vorticity being swept around the edge by spanwise flow on the flap. The model problem is developed and solved and the resulting noise radiation calculated. Further, a mathematical condition for the vortex to be captured by the potential flow and swept around the edge is derived. The results show that the sound generation depends strongly upon the strength of the vorticity and distance from the edge and that it can be more intense than the more common trailing edge noise source in agreement with the experimental observations.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA Journal; 18; May 1980
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  • 44
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    Stability aspects of diverging subsonic flow (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The paper describes the computation of two-dimensional, subsonic, diverging internal flows and how they differ from the corresponding converging flows. Such diverging or decelerating flows occur in such obvious places as subsonic diffusers and inlets; however, such flows also occur in supersonic nozzles in the presence of a normal shock. The flow instability and its relation to the numerical method used, boundary conditions, and viscous effects are assessed both analytically and numerically. The inviscid flow is shown to be physically unstable and a poor representation of the true viscous flow.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA Journal; 18; May 1980
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  • 45
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    Computational aerodynamics on large computers (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Three examples of advances in computational aerodynamics; (1) three-dimensional inviscid transonic analysis, (2) design calculations for wings, and (3) the computation of viscous-induced aileron buzz, are reviewed. Attention is given to wing surface pressures, design optimization, computer memory, speed and advanced solution methods on parallel computer architecture. It is determined that many implicit approximate-factorization schemes, that have been developed for Navier-Stokes equations, can be coded to run efficiently on microprocessors.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
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  • 46
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    Wing flapping with minimum energy (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: A technique employed by Prandtl and Munk is adapted for the case of a wing in flapping motion to determine its lift distribution. The problem may be reduced to one of minimizing induced drag for a specified and periodically varying bending moment at the wing root. It is concluded that two wings in close tandem arrangement, moving in opposite phase, would eliminate the induced aerodynamic losses calculated
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Aeronautical Journal; 84; July 198
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  • 47
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    The effect of finite turbulence spatial scale on the amplification of turbulence by a contracting stream (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The turbulence downstream of a rapid contraction is calculated for the case when the turbulence scale can have the same magnitude as the mean-flow spatial scale. The approach used is based on the formulation of Goldstein (1978) for turbulence downstream of a contraction, with the added assumptions of a parallel mean flow at downstream infinity and turbulence calculated far enough downstream so that the nonuniformity of the mean flow field has decayed, and by treating the inverse contraction ratio as a small parameter. Consideration is given to the large-contraction-ratio and classical rapid-distortion theory limits, and to results at an arbitrary contraction ratio. It is shown that the amplification effect of the contraction is reduced when the spatial scale of the turbulence increases, with the upstream turbulence actually suppressed for a contraction ratio less than five and a turbulence spatial scale greater than three times the transverse dimensions of the downstream channel.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Journal of Fluid Mechanics; 98; June 12
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  • 48
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    Types of leeside flow over delta wings (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: It is noted that so far most systematic investigations on the lee side flow over delta wings at supersonic speeds are concerned with flat upper surfaces. On the basis of these results, the paper makes an attempt to characterize the different types of flow over a wing with a delta-shaped upper surface by varying a number of parameters. It is concluded that the work should be considered a first step toward systematizing the flow over delta-shaped lee sides as well.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Zeitschrift fuer Flugwissenschaften und Weltraumforschung; 4; Mar
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  • 49
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    Calculation of metric coefficients for streamline coordinates. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: A procedure is given for deriving the equations describing the surface streamline metric in a general form and in a form suitable for incorporation into computer codes to calculate an inviscid flow about three-dimensional bodies. Sample results are included to show the application of the metric in conjunction with an axisymmetric analog to predict heat transfer to a typical space shuttle orbiter.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA Journal; 10; Nov. 197
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  • 50
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    Secondary jet interaction with emphasis on outflow and jet location. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Data were obtained concerning a model which utilized a two-dimensional sonic jet. It was found that outflow and jet location significantly influence the magnitude and behavior of the secondary jet interaction forces. Continued refinements in jet interaction analyses which do not account for outflow are of limited usefulness in the design of control systems for supersonic and hypersonic vehicles. The jet total back pressure ratio increases with either jet pressure ratio or freestream Mach number.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets; 9; Nov. 197
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  • 51
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    Thin-layer approximation for three-dimensional supersonic corner flows (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The thin-layer approximation is extended to an axial corner that is formed by the intersection of two perpendicular plates, one of which has an inclination angle with respect to the free stream. A computer code developed by Hung and MacCormack (1978) is modified for the thin-layer approximation, and a case with Mach 5.9 and a wedge angle of 6 deg is computed. In addition, it is shown that it is not necessary to solve the complete Navier-Stokes equations for a three-dimensional high-Reynolds-number corner flow.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA Journal; 18; Dec. 198
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  • 52
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    Flowfield calculations past an entry probe with ablated nose shape (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The effects of ablated nose shapes on the flowfield solutions are studied, using a time-dependent finite-difference method developed by Kumar, et al. (1979). Solutions are obtained for the laminar flow of a radiating mixture of H-He in chemical equilibrium past a blunt axisymmetric body at zero angle of attack. The freestream conditions correspond to a point on a typical Jovian entry trajectory, and the initial probe shape is a 45-deg half-angle spherically blunted cone. It is found that as nose bluntness increases, the following occur: in the nose region, shock standoff distances and radiative heating rates increase substantially; surface pressure level increases, but convective heating rates decrease.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA Journal; 18; June 198
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  • 53
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    Unified treatment of lifting atmospheric entry (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: This paper presents a unified treatment of the effect of lift on peak acceleration during atmospheric entry. Earlier studies were restricted to different regimes because of approximations invoked to solve the same transcendental equation. This paper shows the connection between the earlier studies by employing a general expression for the peak acceleration and obtains solutions to the transcendental equation without invoking the earlier approximations. Results are presented and compared with earlier studies where appropriate.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets; 17; Mar
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  • 54
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    Theoretical and Experimental studies of aerodynamic interference effects (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-10-02
    Description: Theoretical studies of aerodynamic forces on winglets shed considerable light on the mechanism by which these devices can reduce drag at constant total lift and on the necessity for proper alignment and cambering to achieve optimum favorable interference. Results of engineering studies, wind tunnel tests and performance predictions are reviewed for installations proposed for the AMST YC-14 and the KC-135 airplanes. The other major area of aerodynamic interference discussed is that of engine nacelle installations. Slipper and overwing nacelles have received much attention because of their potential for noise reduction, propulsive lift and improved ground clearance. A major challenge is the integration of such nacelles with the supercritical flow on the upper surface of a swept wing in cruise at high subsonic speeds.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AGARD Subsonic(Transonic Configuration Aerodyn.; 19 p
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  • 55
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    Numerical solution techniques for unsteady transonic aerodynamics problems (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-10-02
    Description: Basic concepts of finite difference solution techniques for unsteady transonic flows are presented. The hierarchy of mathematical forumulations that approximate the Navier-Stokes equations are reviewed. The basic concepts involved in constructing numerical algorthms to solve these formulations are given. Semi-implicit and implicit schemes are constructed and analyzed. The discussion focuses primarily on techniques for solving the low frequency transonic small disturbance equation. This is the simplest formulation that contains the essence of inviscid unsteady transonic flow physics. The low frequency formulation is emphasized here because codes based on this theory can be run in minutes of processor time on currently available computers. Furthermore, numerical techniques involved in solving this simple formulation also apply to the more complicated formulations. Extensions to these formulations are briefly described. An indication of the present capability for solving unsteady transonic flows is provided. Important areas of future research for the advancement of computational unsteady transonic aerodynamics are described.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AGARD Spec. Course on Unsteady Aerodyn.; 24 p
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  • 56
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    Use of advanced computers for aerodynamic flow simulation (1980)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2017-10-02
    Description: The current and projected use of advanced computers for large-scale aerodynamic flow simulation applied to engineering design and research is discussed. The design use of mature codes run on conventional, serial computers is compared with the fluid research use of new codes run on parallel and vector computers. The role of flow simulations in design is illustrated by the application of a three dimensional, inviscid, transonic code to the Sabreliner 60 wing redesign. Research computations that include a more complete description of the fluid physics by use of Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes and large-eddy simulation formulations are also presented. Results of studies for a numerical aerodynamic simulation facility are used to project the feasibility of design applications employing these more advanced three dimensional viscous flow simulations.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AGARD The Use of Computers as a Design Tool; 12 p
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  • 57
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    Wind tunnel test results of a new leading edge flap design for highly swept wings, a vortex flap (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A leading edge flap design for highly swept wings, called a vortex flap, was tested on an arrow wing model in a low speed wind tunnel. A vortex flap differs from a conventional plain flap in that it has a leading edge tab which is counterdeflected from the main portion of the flap. This results in intentional separation at the flap leading edge, causing a vortex to form and lie on the flap. By trapping this vortex, the vortex flap can result in significantly improved wing flow characteristics relative to conventional flaps at moderate to high angles of attack, as demonstrated by the flow visualization results of this tests.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA. Langley Res. Center Supersonic Cruise Res. 1979, Pt. 1; p 131-147
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    Prediction of nacelle aerodynamic interference effects at low supersonic Mach numbers (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The accuracy of analytical predictions of nacelle aerodynamic interference effects at low supersonic speeds are studied by means of test versus theory comparisons. Comparisons shown include: (1) isolated wing body lift, drag, and pitching moments; (2) isolated nacelle drag and pressure distributions; (3) nacelle interference shock wave patterns and pressure distributions on the wing lower surface; (4) nacelle interference effects on wing body lift, drag, and pitching moments; and (5) total installed nacelle interference effects on lift, drag, and pitching moment. The comparisons also illustrate effects of nacelle location, nacelle spillage, angle of attack, and Mach numbers on the aerodynamic interference. The initial results seem to indicate that the methods can satisfactorily predict lift, drag, pitching moment, and pressure distributions of installed engine nacelles at low supersonic Mach numbers with mass flow ratios from 0.7 to 1.0 for configurations typical of efficient supersonic cruise airplanes.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA. Langley Res. Center Supersonic Cruise Res. 1979, Pt. 1; p 171-203
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    Results of a low-speed wind tunnel test of the MDC 2.2M supersonic cruise aircraft configuration (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Results of a low speed test conducted in the Full Scale Tunnel at NASA Langley using an advanced supersonic cruise vehicle configuration are presented. These tests used a 10 percent scale model of a configuration that had demonstrated high aerodynamic performance at Mach 2.2 during a previous test program. The low speed model has leading and trailing edge flaps designed to improve low speed lift to drag ratios at high lift and includes devices for longitudinal and lateral/directional control. The results obtained during the low speed test program have shown that full span leading edge flaps are required for maximum performance. The amount of deflection of the leading edge flap must increase with C sub L to obtain the maximum benefit. Over 80 percent of full leading edge suction was obtained up to lift off C sub L's of 0.65. A mild pitch up occurred at about 6 deg angle of attack with and without the leading edge flap deflected. The pitch up is controllable with the horizontal tail. Spoilers were found to be preferable to spoiler/deflectors at low speeds. The vertical tail maintained effectiveness up to the highest angle of attack tested but the tail on directional stability deteriorated at high angles of attack. Lateral control was adequate for landing at 72 m/sec in a 15.4 m/sec crosswind.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Supersonic Cruise Res. 1979, Pt. 1; p 35-57
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    The oblique wing-research aircraft (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-01-25
    Description: The AD-1 airplane was designed as a low cost, low speed manned research tool to evaluate the flying qualities of the oblique wing concept. The airplane is constructed primarily of foam and fiberglass and incorporates simplicity in terms of the onboard systems. There are no hydraulics, the control system is cable and torque tube, and the electrical systems consist of engine driven generators which power the battery for engine start, cockpit gages, trim motors, and the onboard data system. The propulsion systems consist of two Microturbo TRS-18 engines sea level trust rated at 220 pounds. The airplane weighs approximately 2100 pounds and has a performance potential in the range of 200 knots and an altitude of 15,000 feet.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Society of Experimental Test Pilots Tech. Rev., Vol. 15, No. 1; p 4-5
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    B-70 Aircraft Study (1972)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: This volume contains cost, schedule, and technical information on the following B-70 aircraft subsystems: air induction system, flight control, personnel accommodation and escape, alighting and arresting, mission and traffic control, flight indication, test instrumentation, and installation, checkout, and pre-flight.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-CR-115705 , SD-72-SH-0003-VOL-4 , NAS 1.26:115705 , JSC-CN-29834
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    B-70 Aircraft Study (1972)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Volume 2 of the final report on the B-70 aircraft study is presented here. The B-70 Program, at the onset, was a full weapon system capable of sustained Mach 3 flight for the major portion of its design missions. The weapon system was to enter the SAC inventory as an RS-70 with the first intercontinental resonnaissance/bomber wing scheduled to go operational in July, 1964. After several redirections, a two XB-70 air vehicle program emerged with its prime objective being to demonstrate the technical feasibility of sustained Mach 3 flight. This section describes the original Weapon System 110A concepts, the evolution of the RS-70 design, and the XB-70 air vehicles which demonstrated the design, fabrication, and technical feasibility of long range Mach 3 flights at high altitude. The data presented shows that a very large step forward in the state-of-the-art of manned aircraft design was achieved during the B-70 development program and that advances were made and incorporated in every area, including design, materials application, and manufacturing techniques.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-CR-115703 , SD-72-SH-0003-VOL-2 , NAS 1.26:115703 , JSC-CN-29832
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    B-70 Aircraft Study (1972)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: This Phase 2 final report for the B-70 aircraft study contains the data location matrix, which provides a summary of the major cost, schedule, and technical items provided in the report; work breakdown structure; cost definitions; and B-70 program level summary data. The Phase 2 objective was to provide the B-70 aircraft data in accordance with the approved study plan. Several minor modifications to the original plan have been made as the result of the Phase 2 effort.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-CR-115702 , SD-72-SH-0003-VOL-1 , NAS 1.26:115702 , JSC-CN-29818
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    TRANSEP: A program for high lift separated flow about airfoils (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A method and program called TRANSEP is presented that can be used for the analysis of the flow about a low speed airfoil under high lift, massive separation conditions. Since the present program is a modification of the direct-inverse TRANDES code, it can also be used for the design and analysis of transonic airfoils, including the effects of weak viscous interaction. Interactions on program usage, program modifications to convert TRANDES to TRANSEP, and sample cases and results are given.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-CR-3376 , NAS 1.26:3376
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    Results of design studies and wind tunnel tests of high-aspect-ratio supercritical wings for an energy efficient transport (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: These basic characteristics of critical wings included wing area, aspect ratio, average thickness, and sweep as well as practical constraints on the planform and thickness near the wing root to allow for the landing gear. Within these constraints, a large matrix of wing designs was studied with spanwise variations in the types of airfoils and distribution of lift as well as some small planform changes. The criteria by which the five candidate wings were chosen for testing were the cruise and buffet characteristics in the transonic regime and the compatibility of the design with low speed (high-lift) requirements. Five wing-wide-body configurations were tested in the NASA Ames 11-foot transonic wind tunnel. Nacelles and pylons, flap support fairings, tail surfaces, and an outboard aileron were also tested on selected configurations.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-CR-159332 , NAS 1.26:159332 , ACEE-06-FR-9894
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    A semi-analytic approach to the self induced motion of vortex sheets (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The rolling up of the trailing vortex sheet produced by a wing of finite span was calculated as a series expansion in time. For a vorticity distribution corresponding to a wing with cusped tips, the shape of the sheet was found by summing the series using Pade approximants. The sheet remains analytic for some time but ultimately develops an exponential spiral at the tips. The centroid of vorticity was conserved to high accuracy.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-CR-166182 , SU-JIAA-TR-32
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    Flow visualization study of spanwise blowing applied to the F-4 fighter aircraft configuration (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Water tunnel studies were performed to define the changes that occur in vortex flow fields above the wing due to spanwise blowing over the inboard and outboard wing panels and over the trailing-edge flaps. Flow visualization photographs were obtained for angles of attack up to 30 deg and sideslip angles up to 10 deg. The sensitivity of the vortex flows to changes in flap deflection angle, nozzle position, and jet momentum coefficient was determined. Deflection of the leading edge flap delayed flow separation and the formation of the wing vortex to higher angles of attack. Spanwise blowing delayed the breakdown of the wing vortex to farther outboard and to higher angles of attack. Spanwise blowing over the trailing edge flap entrained flow downward, producing a lift increase over a wide range of angles of attack. The sweep angle of the windward wing was effectively reduced in sideslip. This decreased the stability of the wing vortex, and it burst farther inboard. Reduced wing sweep required a higher blowing rate to maintain a stable vortex. A vortex could be stabilized on the outboard wing panel when an outboard blowing nozzle was used. Blowing from both an inboard and an outboard nozzle was found to have a favorable interaction.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-CR-163096 , NOR-80-138
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  • 68
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    Wind-tunnel investigation at Mach numbers from 0.25 to 1.01 of a transport configuration designed to cruise at near-sonic speeds (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The results of the investigation showed that the configuration exhibits a sufficiently high drag divergence Mach number to cruise at near sonic speeds. The configuration is longitudinally stable through the cruise Mach number and lift coefficient range, but at higher lift coefficients displays pitchup and becomes unstable. The configuration was directionally stable at all test conditions and laterally stable in the angle of attack range required for cruise.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-TM-X-2622 , L-8226
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  • 69
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    Unsteady transonic small disturbance theory with strong shock waves (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A theory to correct the transonic small disturbance (TSD) equation to treat strong shock waves in unsteady flow is developed. The technique involves the addition of higher order terms, which are formally of negligible magnitude, to the low frequency TSD equation. These terms are then chosen such that any shock waves in the flow have strengths approximately equal to the appropriate Rankine-Hugoniot shock strength. Two correcting approaches are investigated. The first is to derive a correction for the mean steady flow and then simply use this corrected form for oscillatory flows. The second is to derive a correction for both steady and oscillatory parts of the flow. This second development is the most satisfactory and comparisons of the present results with Euler equation results are generally favorable, particularly regarding shock location, although there are some discrepancies in the pressure distribution in the leading edge region.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-CR-166157 , NEAR-TR-230
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  • 70
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    Aerodynamic effects of nearly uniform slipstreams on thin wings in the transonic regime (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A simplified model is used to describe the interaction between a propeller slipstream and a wing in the transonic regime. The undisturbed slipstream boundary is assumed to coincide with an infinite circular cylinder. The undisturbed slipstream velocity is rotational and is a function of the radius only. In general, the velocity perturbation caused by introducing a wing into the slipstream is also rotational. By making small disturbance assumptions, however, the perturbation velocity becomes nearly potential, and an approximation for the flow is obtained by solving a potential equation.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-CR-152351
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  • 71
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    Experimental aerodynamic characteristics of two V/STOL fighter/attack aircraft configurations at Mach numbers from 0.4 to 1.4 (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A wind tunnel test was conducted to measure the aerodynamic characteristics of two horizontal attitude takeoff and landing V/STOL fighter/attack aircraft concepts. In one concept, a jet diffuser ejector was used for the vertical lift system; the other used a remote augmentation lift system (RALS). Wind tunnel tests to investigate the aerodynamic uncertainties and to establish a data base for these types of concepts were conducted over a Mach number range from 0.2 to 2.0. The present report covers tests, conducted in the 11 foot transonic wind tunnel, for Mach numbers from 0.4 to 1.4. Detailed effects of varying the angle of attack (up to 27 deg), angle of sideslip (-4 deg to +8 deg), Mach number, Reynolds number, and configuration buildup were investigated. In addition, the effects of wing trailing edge flap deflections, canard incidence, and vertical tail deflections were explored. Variable canard longitudinal location and different shapes of the inboard nacelle body strakes were also investigated.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-TM-81234 , A-8338
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  • 72
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    Experimental determination of unsteady blade element aerodynamics in cascades. Volume 2: Translation mode cascade (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A two dimensional cascade of harmonically oscillating airfoils was designed to model a near tip section from a rotor which was known to have experienced supersonic translational model flutter. This five bladed cascade had a solidity of 1.52 and a setting angle of 0.90 rad. Unique graphite epoxy airfoils were fabricated to achieve the realistic high reduced frequency level of 0.15. The cascade was tested over a range of static pressure ratios approximating the blade element operating conditions of the rotor along a constant speed line which penetrated the flutter boundary. The time steady and time unsteady flow field surrounding the center cascade airfoil were investigated.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-CR-165166 , EDR-10361-VOL-2
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  • 73
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    Investigation of convergent-divergent nozzles applicable to reduced-power supersonic cruise aircraft (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: An investigation was conducted of isolated convergent-divergent nozzles to determine the effect of several design parameters on nozzle performance. Tests were conducted using high pressure air for propulsion simulation at Mach numbers from 0.60 to 2.86 at an angle of attack of 0 deg and at nozzle pressure ratios from jet off to 46.0. Three power settings (dry, partial afterburning, and maximum afterburning), three nozzle lengths, and nozzle expansion ratios from 1.22 to 2.24 were investigated. In addition, the effects of nozzle throat radius and a cusp in the external boattail geometry were studied. The results of this study indicate that, for nozzles operating near design conditions, increasing nozzle length increases nozzle thrust-minus-drag performance. Nozzle throat radius and an external boattail cusp had negligible effects on nozzle drag or internal performance.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-TP-1766 , L-13974
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  • 74
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    Wind-tunnel measurements and comparison with flight of the boundary layer and heat transfer on a hollow cylinder at Mach 3 (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The wind tunnel tests were conducted both with and without boundary layer trips at Mach 3 and nominal free stream Reynolds numbers per meter ranging from 3.3 x 10 the 6th power. Instrumentation consisted of pressure orifices, thermocouples, a boundary layer pitot pressure rake, and a floating element skin friction balance. Measurements from both wind tunnel and flight were compared with existing engineering prediction methods.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-TP-1789 , L-14044
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  • 75
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    Rotary balance data for a single engine general aviation design having a high aspect-ratio canard for an angle-of-attack range of 30 deg to 90 deg (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Aerodynamic characteristics obtained in a helical flow environment utilizing a rotary balance located in the Langley spin tunnel are presented in plotted form. The configurations tested included the basic airplane, various control deflections, two canard locations, and wing leading edge modifications, as well as airplane components.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-CR-3170
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  • 76
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    Calculation of two dimensional vortex/surface interference using panel methods (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The application of panel methods to the calculation of vortex/surface interference characteristics in two dimensional flow was studied over a range of situations starting with the simple case of a vortex above a plane and proceeding to the case of vortex separation from a prescribed point on a thick section. Low order and high order panel methods were examined, but the main factor influencing the accuracy of the solution was the distance between control stations in relation to the height of the vortex above the surface. Improvements over the basic solutions were demonstrated using a technique based on subpanels and an applied doublet distribution.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-CR-159334 , REPT-79-13
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  • 77
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    Induced drag ideal efficiency factor of arbitrary lateral-vertical wing forms (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A relatively simple equation is presented for estimating the induced drag ideal efficiency factor e for arbitrary cross sectional wing forms. This equation is based on eight basic but varied wing configurations which have exact solutions. The e function which relates the basic wings is developed statistically and is a continuous function of configuration geometry. The basic wing configurations include boxwings shaped as a rectangle, ellipse, and diamond; the V-wing; end-plate wing; 90 degree cruciform; circle dumbbell; and biplane. Example applications of the e equations are made to many wing forms such as wings with struts which form partial span rectangle dumbbell wings; bowtie, cruciform, winglet, and fan wings; and multiwings. Derivations are presented in the appendices of exact closed form solutions found of e for the V-wing and 90 degree cruciform wing and for an asymptotic solution for multiwings.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-CR-3357
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  • 78
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    Experimental and theoretical aerodynamic characteristics of two hypersonic cruise aircraft concepts at Mach numbers of 2.96, 3.96, and 4.63 (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The longitudinal and lateral directional aerodynamic characteristics for two Mach 5 cruise aircraft concepts were determined for test Mach numbers of 2.96, 3.96, and 4.63. Estimates from hypersonic impact theory and first order supersonic linearized theory were compared with data to indicate the usefulness of these methods. The method which applied tangent cone empirical theory to the body and tangent wedge theory to the wings and to the horizontal and vertical tails provided the best estimates. The tangent cone empirical theory applied to all components showed poor agreement with data, and the linear theory estimates were accurate only for lift coefficient and drag coefficient at low angles of attack.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-TP-1767 , L-13868
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  • 79
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    Full scale visualization of the wing tip vortices generated by a typical agricultural aircraft (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The trajectories of the wing tip vortices of a typical agricultural aircraft were experimentally determined by flight test. A flow visualization method, similar to the vapor screen method used in wind tunnels, was used to obtain trajectory data for a range of flight speeds, airplane configurations, and wing loadings. Detailed measurements of the spanwise surface pressure distribution were made for all test points. Further, a powered 1/8 scale model of the aircraft was designed, built, and used to obtain tip vortex trajectory data under conditions similar to that of the full-scale test. The effects of light wind on the vortices were demonstrated, and the interaction of the flap vortex and the tip vortex was clearly shown in photographs and plotted trajectory data.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-CR-159382
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  • 80
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    A conservative implicit finite difference algorithm for the unsteady transonic full potential equation (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: An implicit finite difference procedure is developed to solve the unsteady full potential equation in conservation law form. Computational efficiency is maintained by use of approximate factorization techniques. The numerical algorithm is first order in time and second order in space. A circulation model and difference equations are developed for lifting airfoils in unsteady flow; however, thin airfoil body boundary conditions have been used with stretching functions to simplify the development of the numerical algorithm.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-TM-81211 , AVRADCOM-TR-80-A-14
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  • 81
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    Assessment of variable camber for application to transport aircraft (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The potential benefits were determined for the variable camber of commercial transport airplanes designed for intercontinental and domestic missions. A variable camber concept was developed and incorporated into airplanes designed for the two missions. Benefits were evaluated by comparing the mission performance and direct operating costs for the variable camber airplanes with those for reference airplanes designed for the same missions but having fixed geometry high speed wings. Several technical uncertainties associated with implementing variable camber were also examined.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-CR-158930
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  • 82
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    Full scale wind tunnel investigation of a bearingless main helicopter rotor (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A stability test program was conducted to determine the effects of airspeed, collective pitch, rotor speed and shaft angle on stability and loads at speeds beyond that attained in the BMR/BO-105 flight test program. Loads and performance data were gathered at forward speeds up to 165 knots. The effect of cyclic pitch perturbations on rotor response was investigated at simulated level flight conditions. Two configuration variations were tested for their effect on stability. One variable was the control system stiffness. An axially softer pitch link was installed in place of the standard BO-105 pitch link. The second variation was the addition of elastomeric damper strips to increase the structural damping. The BMR was stable at all conditions tested. At fixed collective pitch, shaft angle and rotor speed, damping generally increased between hover and 60 knots, remained relatively constant from 60 to 90 knots, then decreased above 90 knots. Analytical predictions are in good agreement with test data up to 90 knots, but the trend of decreasing damping above 90 knots is contrary to the theory.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-CR-152373 , D210-11659-1
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  • 83
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    Preliminary design characteristics of a subsonic business jet concept employing an aspect ratio 25 strut braced wing (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The advantages of replacing the conventional wing on a transatlantic business jet with a larger, strut braced wing of aspect ratio 25 were evaluated. The lifting struts reduce both the induced drag and structural weight of the heavier, high aspect ratio wing. Compared to the conventional airplane, the strut braced wing design offers significantly higher lift to drag ratios achieved at higher lift coefficients and, consequently, a combination of lower speeds and higher altitudes. The strut braced wing airplane provides fuel savings with an attendant increase in construction costs.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-CR-159361
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  • 84
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    Transonic rotor noise: Theoretical and experimental comparisons (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Two complementary methods of describing the high speed rotor noise problem are discussed. The first method uses the second order transonic potential equation to define and characterize the nature of the aerodynamic and acoustic fields and to explain the appearance of radiating shock waves. The second employs the Ffowcs Williams and Hawkings equation to successfully calculate the acoustic far field. Good agreement between theoretical and experimental waveforms is shown for transonic hover tip Mach numbers from 0.8 to 0.9.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-TM-81236 , A-8342 , AVRADCOM-TR-80-A-12
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  • 85
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    A fan pressure ratio correlation in terms of Mach number and Reynolds number for the Langley 0.3 meter transonic cryogenic tunnel (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Calibration data for the two dimensional test section of the Langley 0.3 Meter Transonic Cryogenic Tunnel were used to develop a Mach number-Reynolds number correlation for the fan pressure ratio in terms of test section conditions. Well established engineering relationships combined to form an equation which is functionally analogous to the correlation. A geometric loss coefficient which is independent of Reynolds number or Mach number was determined. Present and anticipated uses of this concept include improvement of tunnel control schemes, comparison of efficiencies for operationally similar wind tunnels, prediction of tunnel test conditions and associated energy usage, and determination of Reynolds number scaling laws for similar fluid flow systems.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-TP-1752 , L-13713
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  • 86
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    Estimation of wing nonlinear aerodynamic characteristics at supersonic speeds (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A computational system for estimation of nonlinear aerodynamic characteristics of wings at supersonic speeds was developed and was incorporated in a computer program. This corrected linearized theory method accounts for nonlinearities in the variation of basic pressure loadings with local surface slopes, predicts the degree of attainment of theoretical leading edge thrust, and provides an estimate of detached leading edge vortex loadings that result when the theoretical thrust forces are not fully realized.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-TP-1718 , L-13589
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  • 87
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    Analytical and experimental study of mean flow and turbulence characteristics inside the passages of an axial flow inducer (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The inviscid and viscid effects existing within the passages of a three bladed axial flow inducer operating at a flow coefficient of 0.065 are investigated. The blade static pressure and blade limiting streamline angle distributions were determined and the three components of mean velocity, turbulence intensities, and turbulence stresses were measured at locations inside the inducer blade passage utilizing a rotating three sensor hotwire probe. Applicable equations were derived for the hotwire data reduction analysis and solved numerically to obtain the appropriate flow parameters. The three dimensional inviscid flow in the inducer was predicted by numerically solving the exact equations of motion, and the three dimensional viscid flow was predicted by incorporating the dominant viscous terms into the exact equations. The analytical results are compared with the experimental measurements and design values where appropriate. Radial velocities are found to be of the same order as axial velocities within the inducer passage, confirming the highly three dimensional characteristic of inducer flow. Total relative velocity distribution indicate a substantial velocity deficiency near the tip at mid-passage which expands significantly as the flow proceeds toward the inducer trailing edge. High turbulence intensities and turbulence stresses are concentrated within this core region. Considerable wake diffusion occurs immediately downstream of the inducer trailing edge to decay this loss core. Evidence of boundary layer interactions, blade blockage effects, radially inward flows, annulus wall effects, and backflows are all found to exist within the long, narrow passages of the inducer.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-CR-3333 , PSU-AERSP-74-2
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  • 88
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    Numerical lifting line theory applied to drooped leading-edge wings below and above stall (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A numerical iterative solution to the classical Prandtl lifting-line theory, suitably modified for poststall behavior, is used to study the aerodynamic characteristics of straight rectangular finite wings with and without leading-edge droop. This study is prompted by the use of such leading-edge modifications to inhibit stall/spins in light general aviation aircraft. The results indicate that lifting-line solutions at high angle of attack can be obtained that agree with experimental data to within 20%, and much closer for many cases. Therefore, such solutions give reasonable preliminary engineering results for both drooped and undrooped wings in the poststall region. However, as predicted by von Karman, the lifting-line solutions are not unique when sectional negative lift slopes are encountered. In addition, the present numerical results always yield symmetrical lift distributions along the span, in contrast to the asymmetrical solutions observed by Schairer in the late 1930's. Finally, a series of parametric tests at low angle of attack indicate that the effect of drooped leading edges on aircraft cruise performance is minimal.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Journal of Aircraft; 17; Dec. 198
    Format: text
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  • 89
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    Phase 2 and 3 wind tunnel tests of the J-97 powered, external augmentor V/STOL model (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Modifications were made to the model to improve longitudinal acceleration capability during transition from hovering to wing borne flight. A rearward deflection of the fuselage augmentor thrust vector is shown to be beneficial in this regard. Other agmentor modifications were tested, notably the removal of both endplates, which improved acceleration performance at the higher transition speeds. The model tests again demonstrated minimal interference of the fuselage augmentor on aerodynamic lift. A flapped canard surface also shows negligible influence on the performance of the wing and of the fuselage augmentor.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-CR-152380 , DHC-DND-80-1
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  • 90
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    Strake/delta wing interactions at high angles of attack (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The method of vortex discretization is used to analyze the interaction of the vorticity generated by a strake, with the flow over a delta wing. The validity of the approach is first established by making comparisons with established methods for dealing with delta wings, after which compound delta planforms are discussed. An understanding of the favorable interference effects normally associated with this type of configuration is obtained and results are presented to quantify the expected lift increments resulting from the strake interaction.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-CR-166183 , SU-JIAA-TR-30
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  • 91
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    Complex configuration analysis at transonic speeds (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Advanced performance requirements of new combat and transport aircraft together with design time constraints intensify the development and application of three dimensional computational analyses. A computational method which was developed for the specific purpose of providing an engineering analysis of complex aircraft configurations at transonic speeds. Particular attention is given to the recently incorporated wing viscous interaction and canard capabilities. The treatment of fuselage fairings, nacelles, and pylons is reviewed. The means for keeping computing resources at reasonable levels are identified. Three configurations were selected for correlations with experimental data. Taken together, the comparisons illustrate the full extent of current analysis capabilities. The configurations include: (1) a wing fuselage canard fighter; (2) a transport with fuselage fairings, four nacelles, four pylons; and (3) a space vehicle which includes an external fuel tank and rocket boosters (transonic launch configuration).
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AGARD Subsonic(Transonic Configuration Aerodyn.; 13 p
    Format: text
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  • 92
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    Bibliography of Supersonic Cruise Research (SCR) program from 1977 to mid-1980 (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The supersonic cruise research (SCR) program, initiated in July 1972, includes system studies and the following disciplines: propulsion, stratospheric emission impact, structures and materials, aerodynamic performance, and stability and control. In a coordinated effort to provide a sound basis for any future consideration that may be given by the United States to the development of an acceptable commercial supersonic transport, integration of the technical disciplines was undertaken, analytical tools were developed, and wind tunnel, flight, and laboratory investigations were conducted. The present bibliography covers the time period from 1977 to mid-1980. It is arranged according to system studies and the above five SCR disciplines. There are 306 NASA reports and 135 articles, meeting papers, and company reports cited.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-RP-1063 , L-13764
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  • 93
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    Wind-tunnel test of an articulated helicopter rotor model with several tip shapes (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Six interchangeable tip shapes were tested: a square (baseline) tip, an ogee tip, a subwing tip, a swept tip, a winglet tip, and a short ogee tip. In hover at the lower rotational speeds the swept, ogee, and short ogee tips had about the same torque coefficient, and the subwing and winglet tips had a larger torque coefficient than the baseline square tip blades. The ogee and swept tip blades required less torque coefficient at lower rotational speeds and roughly equivalent torque coefficient at higher rotational speeds compared with the baseline square tip blades in forward flight. The short ogee tip required higher torque coefficient at higher lift coefficients than the baseline square tip blade in the forward flight test condition.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-TM-80080 , L-12774 , AVRADCOM-TR-79-49
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  • 94
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    Numerical solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations for transonic afterbody flows (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The time dependent Navier-Stokes equations in mass averaged variables are solved for transonic flow over axisymmetric boattail plume simulator configurations. Numerical solution of these equations is accomplished with the unsplit explict finite difference algorithm of MacCormack. A grid subcycling procedure and computer code vectorization are used to improve computational efficiency. The two layer algebraic turbulence models of Cebeci-Smith and Baldwin-Lomax are employed for investigating turbulence closure. Two relaxation models based on these baseline models are also considered. Results in the form of surface pressure distribution for three different circular arc boattails at two free stream Mach numbers are compared with experimental data. The pressures in the recirculating flow region for all separated cases are poorly predicted with the baseline turbulence models. Significant improvements in the predictions are usually obtained by using the relaxation models.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-TP-1784 , L-13826
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  • 95
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    Review - Axial compressor stall phenomena (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Stall in compressors can be associated with the initiation of several types of fluid dynamic instabilities. These instabilities and the different phenomena, surge and rotating stall, which result from them, are discussed in this paper. Assessment is made of the various methods of predicting the onset of compressor and/or compression system instability, such as empirical correlations, linearized stability analyses, and numerical unsteady flow calculation procedures. Factors which affect the compressor stall point, in particular inlet flow distortion, are reviewed, and the techniques which are used to predict the loss in stall margin due to these factors are described. The influence of rotor casing treatment (grooves) on increasing compressor flow range is examined. Compressor and compression system behavior subsequent to the onset of stall is surveyed, with particular reference to the problem of engine recovery from a stalled condition. The distinction between surge and rotating stall is emphasized because of the very different consequences on recoverability. The structure of the compressor flow field during rotating stall is examined, and the prediction of compressor performance in rotating stall, including stall/unstall hysteresis, is described.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Format: text
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  • 96
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    Analytical investigation of aerodynamic characteristics of highly swept wings with separated flow (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Many modern aircraft designed for supersonic speeds employ highly swept-back and low-aspect-ratio wings with sharp or thin edges. Flow separation occurs near the leading and tip edges of such wings at moderate to high angles of attack. Attempts have been made over the years to develop analytical methods for predicting the aerodynamic characteristics of such aircraft. Before any method can really be useful, it must be tested against a standard set of data to determine its capabilities and limitations. The present work undertakes such an investigation. Three methods are considered: the free-vortex-sheet method (Weber et al., 1975), the vortex-lattice method with suction analogy (Lamar and Gloss, 1975), and the quasi-vortex lattice method of Mehrotra (1977). Both flat and cambered wings of different configurations, for which experimental data are available, are studied and comparisons made.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Journal of Aircraft; 17; Jan. 198
    Format: text
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  • 97
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    Calculation of three-dimensional unsteady transonic flows past helicopter blades (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A finite difference code for predicting the high speed flow over the advancing helicopter rotor is presented. The code solves the low frequency, transonic small disturbance equation and is suitable for modeling the effects of advancing blade unsteadiness on blades of nearly arbitrary planform. The method employs a quasi-conservative mixed differencing scheme and solves the resulting difference equations by an alternating direction scheme. Computed results showed good agreement with experimental blade pressure data and illustrate some of the effects of varying the rotor planform. The flow unsteadiness is shown to be an indispensible part of a transonic solution. Close to the tip at high advance ratio, cross flow effects can significantly affect the solution.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-TP-1721 , A-8024
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 98
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    Comparison of calculated and measured helicopter rotor lateral flapping angles (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Calculated and measured values of helicopter rotor flapping angles in forward flight are compared for a model rotor in a wind tunnel and an autogiro in gliding flight. The lateral flapping angles can be accurately predicted when a calculation of the nonuniform wake-induced velocity is used. At low advance ratios, it is also necessary to use a free wake geometry calculation. For the cases considered, the tip vortices in the rotor wake remain very close to the tip-path plane, so the calculated values of the flapping motion are sensitive to the fine details of the wake structure, specifically the viscous core radius of the tip vortices.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-TM-81213 , AVRADCOM-TR-80-A-11 , A-8239
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 99
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    Low-speed aerodynamic characteristics of a highly swept arrow wing configuration with several deflected leading edge concepts (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The effectiveness of leading edge concepts for minimizing or controlling leading edge flow separation was studied. Emphasis was placed on low speed performance, stability, and control characteristics of configurations with highly swept wings. Simple deflection of the leading edge, a variable camber leading edge system, and a leading edge vortex flow system were among the concepts studied. The data are presented without analysis.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-TM-80180
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 100
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    Numerical method for predicting flow characteristics and performance of nonaxisymmetric nozzles. Part 2: Applications (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A computer implemented numerical method for predicting the flow in and about an isolated three dimensional jet exhaust nozzle is summarized. The approach is based on an implicit numerical method to solve the unsteady Navier-Stokes equations in a boundary conforming curvilinear coordinate system. Recent improvements to the original numerical algorithm are summarized. Equations are given for evaluating nozzle thrust and discharge coefficient in terms of computed flowfield data. The final formulation of models that are used to simulate flow turbulence effect is presented. Results are presented from numerical experiments to explore the effect of various quantities on the rate of convergence to steady state and on the final flowfield solution. Detailed flowfield predictions for several two and three dimensional nozzle configurations are presented and compared with wind tunnel experimental data.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-CR-3264 , LMSC-D678888-PT-2
    Format: application/pdf
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