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  • Articles  (248)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (248)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
  • American Physical Society
  • 1985-1989  (248)
  • 1935-1939
  • Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics  (248)
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  • Articles  (248)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EDITORIAL: SOFTWARE SURVEY SECTION (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00556.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HYDRODYNAMIC PRESSURE EFFECTS OF VISCOUS FLUID FLOW IN A FATIGUE CRACK (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The influence of hydrodynamic pressure on fatigue crack growth rates has been investigated. It was shown that the effects were small but beneficial, effectively reducing the stress intensity range. A theoretical model has been developed which successfully predicted the trends and approximate magnitudes of reductions in fatigue crack growth rates for a range of test conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00561.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    LIFE PREDICTION FOR CREEP-FATIGUE BASED ON THE GROWTH OF SHORT CRACKS (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— For two types of steels (comparable to the 304-type and 347-type of steels) the nucleation and growth of short surface cracks was examined as a function of hold-time, strain rate, and temperature. In addition, for the same range of parameters, damage parameter vs cycles to failure curves were calculated from measured lifetimes. The measured rates, dα/dN, were compared with a model for the growth of creep-fatigue cracks. At large strains, life was found to be dominated by the growth of short cracks. The life data were compared with the life calculated from the crack growth data. The results showed that except for cases in which crack growth is controlled by the coalescence of cavities, the specimen life can be predicted correctly by integrating the growth rate of microcracks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00564.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    INFORMATION ON CONFERENCES/SEMINARS (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00555.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DETERMINATION OF STRESS CORROSION CRACK INITIATION STRESS AND CRACK VELOCITIES USING SLOWLY STRAINED TAPERED SPECIMENS (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Previous work has shown that a single tapered cylindrical specimen subjected to slow strain rate testing can provide data for the crack initiation stress of 70/30 brass in 1N NaNO2 solution. In order to test the wider applicability of that technique, crack initiation stresses of a further five systems were measured. These were 70/30 brass in an ammoniacal solution, copper in sodium nitrite and mild steel in carbonate–bicarbonate, hydroxide or nitrate solutions. The results are compared with those obtained from tests on plain cylindrical specimens subjected to interrupted slow strain rate tests or to constant load tests, and the agreement is reasonable. The method also is capable of providing data on the stress dependence of crack velocities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00558.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE EFFECTS OF STRESS RATIO, COMPRESSIVE PEAK STRESS AND MAXIMUM STRESS LEVEL ON FATIGUE BEHAVIOUR OF 2024-T3 ALUMINIUM ALLOY (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Fatigue crack growth behaviour of 2024-T3 aluminium alloy is investigated as a function of stress ratio, compressive peak stress and maximum stress level. It is found that as the stress ratio and the magnitude of the compressive peak stress are increased, the threshold stress intensity range decreased linearly. Intermediate and near threshold growth rate data are analysed with different formulae for effective stress intensity range. The data covered different values of stress ratio, compressive peak stress and maximum stress level. A formula for the crack opening stress level is introduced as a function of stress ratio, compressive peak stress and maximum stress level. The formula permitted a good correlation between crack growth data for both positive stress ratio and negative compressive peak stress values. Using the new formula, intermediate and near threshold crack growth data for the 2024-T3 aluminium alloy yielded a unique crack growth rate vs effective stress intensity range curve for all stress ratio and compressive peak stress values investigated. This suggests that for the 2024-T3 aluminium alloy the crack growth rate vs effective stress intensity range curve does not depend on stress ratio, compressive peak stress, or maximum stress level. The significance of the new equation and the crack growth rate versus effective stress intensity range curve is that they allow a designer to find crack growth rate vs stress intensity range data for the 2024-T3 aluminium alloy in both intermediate and near threshold regions for the particular stress ratio, compressive peak stress and maximum stress level conditions of the component under investigation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00503.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    VECTOR CTD CRITERION APPLIED TO MIXED MODE FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— This work is aimed at developing a general parameter based on the deformation intensity at a mixed mode crack tip to predict crack growth behaviour, especially in the near threshold region. Being a mechanisms-related parameter, the vector crack tip displacement (CTD) is defined as a vector summation of CTOD and CTSDc which act, respectively in the directions of mode I and mode II fatigue crack growth. The basic assumption is that both direction and rate of mixed mode fatigue crack growth are governed by the vector ΔCTD, which represents the resultant of the “driving force”at the crack tip. The analytical predictions obtained by using the vector ΔCTD are in good agreement with the reported experimental results of mixed mode I and II fatigue cracks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00508.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    FRETTING FATIGUE AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES IN TWO STEAM TURBINE STEELS (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— —Fatigue tests and fretting fatigue tests of two steam turbine steels at room temperature and 773 K were carried out. The reduction of fatigue life and strength in the fretting test were significant at 773 K as well as at room temperature. The values of the friction coefficient at 773 K was almost equal to those at room temperature. The geometry of the fretting fatigue crack was flat in the early stage of fatigue life where a significant effect of fretting was observed. With increasing crack length and with a reducing effect of fretting, the fatigue crack shape changed to a semi-circular form. The fretting fatigue lives predicted on the basis of elastic-plastic fracture mechanics analysis, with the frictional force between the fretting pad and the specimen taken into consideration, agreed well with experimental results at both temperatures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00549.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE USE OF SPATE TO MEASURE RESIDUAL STRESSES AND FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— —SPATE was used to monitor thermoemissions during fatigue crack propagation tests conducted on centre-cracked tension (CCT) specimens at different mean stress levels, and on CCT specimens containing compressive residual stresses. The results obtained showed the SPATE stress intensity factor (SIF) predictions to correlate with the applied SIF range rather than the effective SIF range, thus demonstrating that SPATE was unable to account for the effects of mean stress and residual stress on fatigue crack growth. Further, although SPATE can be used to predict fatigue crack growth rates faster than 10–8m/cycle, in the region of low growth rates slower than this, the prediction of growth rates became impractical. Even at maximum resolution and scan time, the technique was unable to detect the changes in thermoemission caused by such small and slow crack tip advances.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00536.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE EFFECT OF SPECIMEN SIZE ON THE CTOD R-CURVE BEHAVIOUR OF A TITANIUM ALLOY (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— —This paper presents preliminary results from a large experimental programme to study geometry and size effects in CTOD R-curves. The results presented were obtained from unloading compliance R-curve tests performed at room temperature on different sized single-edge-notch bend specimens made from Ti–3Al–2V alloy. The crack growth resistance was measured in terms of both the conventional CTOD, δ0, (i.e. as defined in BS 5762) and CTOD corrected for crack growth, δR. It was found that the δ0 and δR R-curves were independent of specimen size up to crack extensions corresponding to approximately 10–15% of the original uncracked ligament. Also, after crack extensions of 30–40% of the initial ligament the δ0 and δR R-curves exhibited well defined upswings. The upswing in the CTOD R-curves is thought to be a result of a reduction in crack tip constraint.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00539.x
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CORROSION FATIGUE OF STEEL IN VARIOUS AQUEOUS ENVIRONMENTS (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Corrosion fatigue of three steels namely: AISI 1018, AISI 4340 and 17–7 PH stainless steel are investigated in various environments. Testing mediums chosen are natural seawater, polluted sea water from an industrial site, drinking tap water produced by desalination process, 4% sodium chloride tap water solution and a laboratory air environment. Results obtained for the three steels are consistent in pointing out that pollutants in seawater do not contribute to an acceleration of corrosion fatigue. The aggressiveness of drinking water is attributed to its chemical instability, low alkalinity and bicarbonate content.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00557.x
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EFFECTS OF HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE ON THE RATE OF FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Fatigue crack growth rate data have been obtained, for both positive and negative R stress ratios, in pressurised and unpressurised oil and in inert argon gas. Expected results show that for negative R the rate data should be correlated against the tensile stress intensity range. For tension-compression loading constant hydrostatic pressure has a detrimental effect increasing the tensile stress intensity range. For tension-tension loading constant hydrostatic pressure has a beneficial effect decreasing crack growth rates. A simple theoretical model has been proposed which describes these trends.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00560.x
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    FATIGUE OF THICK-SECTION COLD-EXPANDED HOLES WITH AND WITHOUT CRACKS (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Fatigue tests under spectrum loading were conducted to evaluate hole cold-expansion in thick-section open-hole aluminium alloy specimens, some of which contained residual fatigue cracks before cold expansion. Cold expansion resulted in an increase in life by a factor of about 7. Small residual fatigue cracks did not inhibit the effectiveness of the cold-expansion process, indicating that it may not be essential to remove such cracks prior to hole cold-expansion. The increase in life is primarily associated with a reduced crack propagation rate compared with that for cracks from non-cold-expanded holes. Cold-expanded hole fractures displayed a marked disparity in crack depths adjacent to the two faces of the specimens. Considerable differences were evident in crack depths and fatigue crack areas at failure between cold-expanded and non-cold-expanded hole specimens. These findings have ramifications in the damage tolerance assessment of aircraft structures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00563.x
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE FRACTURE BEHAVIOUR OF AN AXIAL CRACK IN A PRESSURISED PIPE (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The multiple specimen technique was developed to measure the crack growth fracture resistance of a through axial crack in a pressurised pipe and the results compared with data measured from test specimens. The comparison indicates that there is no significant difference between pipe and specimen behaviour. The results are also compared with elastic-plastic three-dimensional finite element analyses of the pipe and the R6 failure assessment curve. Reasonably good agreement was found between the experimental results and finite element analyses. The experimental results all lie outside the material specific failure assessment curve of the R6 structural integrity assessment procedure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00566.x
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A UNIAXIAL CYCLIC PLASTICITY MODEL INCLUDING TRANSIENT MATERIAL BEHAVIOUR (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— A phenomenological uniaxial material model, which is a one-dimensional equivalent to a two-surface multiaxial plasticity model, is presented. The model takes into account the transient effects cyclic hardening/softening and mean stress relaxation by means of exponential relationships that are functions of number of reversals. The parameters describing these relationships are obtained from the strain-life curve and the cyclic stress-strain curve. The hysteresis loops are assumed to be bounded by two parallel, straight lines in tension and compression, i.e. bounding lines. The stress-strain curve approaches these lines with increasing strain through a nonlinearly decreasing plastic modulus. The transient effects are simulated by increasing/decreasing the distance between the lines for cycling hardening/softening at each stress or strain reversal. A positive mean stress yields translation downwards of the bounding lines if the material is subjected to strain control, and translation in the opposite direction if the mean stress is negative. Dynamic creep is simulated when the material is subjected to stress control and mean stress. The test data was obtained from an experimental programme on St52–3N, which is a normalized structural steel. The specimens were loaded in strain or stress control. The comparison between tests and simulations shows that the model described simulates the cyclic transient material behaviour quite well. The main inaccuracy is due to using parallel bounding lines, as the tests show that these lines are not completely parallel for the present steel material.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00567.x
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EFFECT OF HOLD-TIME DAMAGE ON HIGH TEMPERATURE FATIGUE BEHAVIOUR (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— —A series of tests has been carried out to investigate the effect of sequential high frequency fatigue cycles interspersed with hold times on elevated temperature crack growth rates in AISI type 304 stainless steel. Each test sequence included different combinations of fatigue cycles and hold-times. Those sequences which included the smallest number of fatigue cycles resulted in the fastest crack propagation rates. The sequence with a block of 1000 cycles and a 120min hold time had the slowest crack propagation rate, similar to that for a reference 5 Hz fatigue test. Examination of the fracture surfaces revealed alternating regions of transgranular and intergranular fracture corresponding to the respective fatigue block and hold-time period. Intergranular fracture was observed to be characteristic of maximum time-dependent and time-independent damage interaction, which was associated with those specimens subjected to sequences including a block of 50 fatigue cycles, possessing the fastest crack propagation rates. The results may be explained using a model based on fatigue-creep-environment interaction. During the hold-time a damaged zone due to oxidation induced cavitation formed at the crack tip. Depending on the stress intensity factor range, the subsequent fatigue cycles continued to extend the crack through part or whole of the remaining portion of this region. For the remainder of the fatigue block the crack propagated in its normal transgranular mode. Oxide induced closure at low ΔK levels brought about the lowest crack propagation rate for the sequence consisting of a block of 1000 cycles and a 120 min hold period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00546.x
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CLOSURE AND GROWTH OF MODE I CRACKS IN BIAXIAL FATIGUE (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— —The closure behavior of mode I fatigue cracks under biaxial loading is studied with an elastic-plastic plane stress finite element model. Biaxial stresses are shown to have a significant impact on crack closure behavior at higher maximum stresses. In general, normalized crack opening stresses are highest for equibiaxial loading and lowest for pure shear loading. The differences are apparently negligible for maximum applied stresses less than about 0.4 σ0. Experimental crack growth data are quantitatively consistent with these trends. Correlations of the experimental data with a simple ΔKeff were successful as first-order engineering estimates. Changes in forward and reversed plastic zone sizes with biaxiality are not entirely consistent with trends in crack growth rates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00552.x
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RESPONSE (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00554.x
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ANNOUNCEMENT (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00535.x
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  • 20
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    Electronic Resource
    INFORMATION ON CONFERENCES/SEMINARS (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00521.x
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CLOSURE DEVELOPMENT AND CRACK OPENING DISPLACEMENT IN THE SHORT CRACK REGIME FOR FINE AND COARSE GRAINED A533B STEEL (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— —This paper reports the results of an investigation of the closure, growth rate and COD behaviour of small cracks in A533B steel. A laser-based interferometric strain/displacement measurement system was used in the work to quantify closure and COD values in both fine and coarse grained microstructures at stress ratios of - 1 and 0.1. The data obtained clarify the relative dominance of closure or microstructure in the two conditions of the steel and appear to shed some light on the size of crack tip plastic zones for small cracks in the two microstructures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00542.x
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  • 22
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    A STUDY OF THE INTERACTION AND COALESCENCE OF TWO COPLANAR FATIGUE CRACKS IN BENDING (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— This paper reports the results of an experimental and numerical investigation of the interaction and coalescence of two coplanar semi-elliptical cracks. Fatigue crack growth data were obtained from a four-point bend specimen using the direct current potential difference method and a beachmarking technique. A finite element simulation of the experimental conditions was also performed. Crack advance was computed from the Paris equation on a step by step basis. Good agreement between experimental fatigue crack growth data and the finite element predictions is demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00524.x
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    NOTCH SIZE EFFECT IN FATIGUE (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The notch size effect (i.e. the decrease of the notched fatigue limit with increasing notch size for the same stress concentration factor) was quantitatively derived by describing the threshold conditions for the propagation of a short semi-elliptical crack nucleated at the notch root. A close relation between the Kitagawa—Takahashi diagram for the short crack threshold stress and the dependence of the notched fatigue limit on the notch size was shown. The derived relation for the notch size effect was experimentally verified for several specimen/notch geometries in the cases of pressure vessel steel and copper.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00525.x
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    LOW CYCLE FATIGUE LIVES OF NOTCHED COMPONENTS (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— In low cycle fatigue situations, the plastic behaviour of the material at the root of stress concentrators is of prime importance in determining the cyclic life. However, simple procedures such as Neuber's rule do not adequately describe the development of plastic behaviour at a notch root, while the expense of a finite element analysis is not justified in many instances. This paper describes a simple, approximate numerical method of calculating plastic notch stresses and strains that would be of use in such situations. The usefulness of the technique is demonstrated by comparing low cycle fatigue lives predicted from notch plastic strains with those determined by fatigue testing of smooth specimens subjected to similar plastic strain ranges.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00528.x
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    INFORMATION ON CONFERENCES/SEMINARS (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00512.x
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    EDITORIAL: SOFTWARE SURVEY SECTION (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00513.x
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    THE EFFECT OF BIAXIAL STRESS STATE AND CHANGES OF STATE ON FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH BEHAVIOUR (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The effect of biaxial loading on the fatigue crack growth properties for a stainless steel has been examined. From comprehensive experiments, a significant biaxial stress effect on crack growth was found when the stress level was high and the crack was short. In this paper, the critical region where the effect of biaxial stress appears was clarified quantitatively. Moreover, the effect of changing the biaxial stress condition on fatigue crack growth behaviour was investigated. Significant acceleration of crack growth was observed just after the uniaxial or equibiaxial stress condition was changed to the shear stress condition. This acceleration seems to be due to the change of plastic zone shape at the crack tip.
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    INFORMATION ON CONFERENCES/SEMINARS (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00500.x
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    A CODE OF PRACTICE FOR CONSTANT-AMPLITUDE LOW CYCLE FATIGUE TESTING AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— This paper comprises the text of a code of testing practice prepared under the auspices of a British High Temperature Mechanical Testing Committee. The code makes recommendations concerning equipment, test specimens and procedures; it includes several explanatory and cautionary notes and references to related standards and publications. It was considered that the American National Standard ASTM E606–80 [1] contained much of the required material and in order to avoid unnecessary divergence of practice the recommendations therein have been used as far as possible but with specific modifications and additions to account for current UK needs and practice. It is anticipated that this document may form the basis of a future BSI publication and consequently, the general format is similar to that recommended by BSI in BS O 1981 [2]. Currently a programme of intercomparative Low Cycle Fatigue testing is being carried out under the auspices of and with support from the Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) of the Commission of European Communities. This programme will shortly be widened to include non-European countries as part of a broader initiative in the field of Materials and Standards (VAMAS). In consequence it is intended to consider and, if necessary, revise the Code of Practice in the light of results from this programme and of other on-going work in the field.
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    FATIGUE LIMIT AND FATIGUE LIFE PREDICTION IN HIGH STRENGTH COLD DRAWN EUTECTOID STEEL WIRES (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Both the fatigue limit and the fatigue life of a structural member are highly dependent upon its surface condition and on the microcrack growth rate. A model based on linear elastic fracture mechanics has been developed which involves both parameters and predicts with good accuracy the available experimental results. The factors that must be modified in order to improve the fatigue behaviour of cold drawn eutectoid steel wires are indicated.
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    UNACCEPTABLE DIFFERENCES IN PUBLISHED STRESS INTENSITY FACTOR SOLUTIONS (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00509.x
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    RESPONSE (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    EDITORIAL: SOFTWARE SURVEY SECTION (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00501.x
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    FRACTURE ENERGY OF WEAKLY REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— An experimental investigation was conducted on a series of simply supported concrete beams with an aim to determine the fracture energy of the composite beam and apply the concept of fracture mechanics to predict flexural strength. In order that a single crack from the tip of the premolded central notch would propagate, the beams were lightly reinforced with a large cover so that the moment capacity of the beam as unreinforced section would be greater than that of the reinforced section. Based on test data, compliance calibration and energy release rate (G1) curves are presented for progressive cracking and a correlation between the critical energy release rate and ultimate moment capacity is suggested.
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    IRRADIATION EMBRITTLEMENT OF A LOW ALLOY STEEL INTERPRETED IN TERMS OF A LOCAL APPROACH OF CLEAVAGE FRACTURE (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— One heat of A 508 steel is investigated in both the unirradiated and the irradiated condition to determine the variation of the fracture toughness with temperature and specimen thickness. CT type specimens with three thicknesses B (12.5, 25 and 50 mm) are used. Two fluence levels (3·1019 and 8·19 n/cm2)(E 〈 1 MeV) are investigated. It is shown that the fracture toughness is a decreasing function of both specimen thickness and temperature. A model developed previously by Beremin is used to interpret the results. Axisymmetric notched specimens are tested to determine the factors used in the statistical approach of cleavage fracture. It is confirmed that the Beremin model is able to account for the large scatter in fracture toughness observed at a given temperature on the unirradiated material. The specimen thickness effect is also reasonably well interpreted by the model. The irradiation embrittlement can be explained by assuming that the cleavage fracture resistance is not modified by irradiation and by taking into account only the variations of yield strength with irradiation and test temperature.
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    DISCUSSION (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00510.x
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    CRACK CLOSURE AND FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH RATE IN THREE POINT BEND SPECIMENS OF DIFFERENT WIDTHS (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The crack closure stress intensity factor values and fatigue crack growth rates were determined in Three Point Single Edge Bend, SE(B), specimens prepared from rails manufactured using two different grades of rail steels. The width, and correspondingly the span, of the SE(B) specimens were varied eight fold; the thickness of all the specimens being the same. It is observed that the crack closure stress intensity factor values decrease with an increase in the width of SE(B) specimens. At a given value of ΔKeff, the fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR) is independent of the width. However, at a given value of ΔKeff, the FCGR is observed to decrease with increasing width. In view of the above results, the scope of application of the FCGR laws based on an effective stress intensity factor to the life prediction of components, requires careful examination.
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    ON CRACK INITIATION LIFE DURING LOW CYCLE FATIGUE (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— A new method of investigating life to crack initiation during low cycle fatigue, which combines hour-glass shape specimen testing with scanning electron-microscopy observations, was introduced in the paper. The effect of grain size on low cycle fatigue crack initiation life of 37CrNi3MoV steel and the propagation of cracks in this multi-phase steel was studied. Results show that refining the grain size can increase fatigue initiation lifetime.
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    EDITORIAL (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00544.x
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    INITIATION AND GROWTH OF FRETTING FATIGUE CRACKS IN THE PARTIAL SLIP REGIME (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— —Recent work addressing the problems of fretting fatigue crack initiation and propagation under a carefully controlled axi-symmetric Hertzian contact is described. Both experimental work, enabling the fretting damage, sites of initiation, and crack trajectory to be viewed, and theoretical work, permitting a prediction of those processes are presented. Good correlation between the two strands of work is found. In particular, the initiation criterion proposed by Ruiz, Boddington and Chen for a very different geometry is found to work well, and would seem to indicate its potential as a design tool.
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    EXPERIMENTAL CHARACTERISATION OF DYNAMIC TENSILE AND FRACTURE TOUGHNESS PROPERTIES (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— —An experimental procedure for obtaining material tensile and fracture toughness properties at rates applicable to shock loading is reported. A variant of the key curve approach to determine dynamic J-R curves is described and results are presented for a nickel aluminium bronze alloy for actuator loading rates in the range 0.75–7500 mm/s.
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    THE INTRODUCTION OF FATIGUE LOADING INTO THE ROUTINE TESTING OF POLYETHYLENE GAS PIPE SYSTEMS (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— —This paper discusses a programme of work instigated to establish the feasibility of introducing dynamic loading into the routine quality control testing of plastic gas pipe and fittings. The initial data proved to be exceptionally consistent and showed that fatigue loading reduced the time to failure with comparable static loading by an order of magnitude at least and provided a real opportunity to get short term data that would relate to long term (50 to 60 years) service life. The work showed also that many parameters markedly affect failure times and that these would have to be closely controlled or optimised in any subsequent test procedure. As an example the effects of frequency are illustrated and a method of selecting the optimum test frequency is given.
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    INFORMATION ON CONFERENCES/SEMINARS (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00533.x
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    THE INFLUENCE OF TEST VARIABLES ON THE FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH THRESHOLD (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— A microcomputer controlled fatigue crack growth and threshold testing system has been used to investigate the influence of test variables on the measured values of ΔKth, the threshold for fatigue crack growth, using a C-Mn steel. The work has examined: (1) the influence of crack length and test management; (2) the basic material scatter from repeated testing; (3) the effect of unloading rate C where C= (1/Δ/K)(d ΔK/d a); (4) the effect of step unloading; (5) the influence of minimum stress intensity factor, Kmin. Comparisons have been made between the results of this computer controlled work and those published previously but made using a manual load shedding technique. The results of ΔKth and fatigue crack growth rates are in general agreement with previous data and confirm the Kmin dependence of ΔKth and da/dn. The value of ΔKth is shown to be generally independent of the other test variables for a wide range of conditions and is reproducible with a low degree of scatter.
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    NEW PATENTS (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00523.x
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  • 46
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    CRACK GROWTH RATES DURING CREEP, FATIGUE AND CREEP-FATIGUE IN AN AUSTENITIC FEATURE WELD SPECIMEN (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Static creep crack growth tests and displacement controlled fatigue and creep-fatigue crack growth tests have been performed on austenitic feature weld specimens at 650°C. The creep-fatigue tests incorporated hold times of up to 96 h. During these tests, crack growth appeared to comprise cyclic and dwell components. Cyclic crack growth components were characterised by the fracture mechanics parameter K whilst creep crack growth contributions were correlated with C*. In order to determine K and C* for the non-standard feature weld specimen, elastic and elastic-plastic creep finite element analyses were conducted. Good correspondence is shown between the feature weld data and comparable data from compact tension specimen tests on similar materials. Equations obtained from the compact tension specimen results, which describe total crack growth rates as the sum of the cyclic and dwell contributions, are shown to adequately describe the features test results also. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that a reference stress approach can be used to estimate C* for the features specimens.
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    THE EFFECT OF FINAL FRICTION COEFFICIENT ON FRETTING FATIGUE WAVEFORMS (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The waveforms of the frictional forces and the relationship between the frictional forces and the applied forces are derived for a fretting fatigue model in which the coefficient of friction is not constant. This study is a continuation of a previous one in which it was assumed that the coefficient of friction was a constant. In this new model it is assumed that the coefficient of friction between the rubbing surfaces is initially zero and slowly increases to a constant value during the early cycles of the fatigue life. The consequences of this change are examined and the results from the two models compared. It is observed that the two models give different frictional forces if the deformation of the surfaces is elastic, but are identical when non-linear macroslip occurs on both loading and unloading.
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    MIXED MODE (I + III) FATIGUE THRESHOLDS IN A FORGING STEEL (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The results of mixed mode (I + III) fatigue tests on a low pressure steam turbine rotor steel are presented. Tests were performed on a uniaxial servohydraulic fatigue machine fitted with a torsion-bending loading frame. The onset of failure was marked by fatigue facets which grew perpendicular to the maximum principal stress direction. A criterion for mixed mode (I + III) fatigue thresholds based on the orientation and the crack opening displacement of fatigue cracks is proposed.
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    NEW PATENTS (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00514.x
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    INFLUENCE OF SECONDARY VOID DAMAGE IN THE MATRIX MATERIAL AROUND VOIDS (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The mechanism of ductile damage caused by secondary void damage in the matrix around primary voids is studied by large strain, finite element analysis. A cylinder embedding an initially spherical void, a plane stress cell with a circular void and plane strain cell with a cylindrical or a flat void are analysed under different loading conditions. Secondary voids of smaller scale size nucleate in the strain hardening matrix, according to the requirements of some stress/strain criteria. Their growth and coalescence, handled by the empty element technique, demonstrate distinct mechanisms of damage as circumstances change. The macroscopic stress-strain curves are decomposed and illustrated in the form of the deviatoric and the volumetric parts. Concerning the stress response and the void growth prediction, comparisons are made between the present numerical results and those of previous authors. It is shown that loading condition, void growth history and void shape effect incorporated with the interaction between two generations of voids should be accounted for besides the void volume fraction.
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    FRACTURE TOUGHNESS OF BAINITIC NODULAR CAST IRON (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The fracture toughness of bainitic ductile iron transformed at various austempering temperatures and austempering times was evaluated by using compact tension specimens and compared with the fracture toughness of bulleye casting structure. Using Scanning Electron Microscopy, the mechanism of the fracture mode can be understood by observing the fracture surface. An X-ray diffractometer was used to determine the volume fraction of retained austenite. From the results of fracture toughness properties, it can be concluded that the most suitable austempering temperature of the material used in the present study is from 300 to 350°C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00520.x
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    NEW PATENTS (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00502.x
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  • 53
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    APPLICATION OF FRACTURE MECHANICS TECHNIQUES TO THE ENVIRONMENTALLY ASSISTED CRACKING OF ALUMINIUM 2024 (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Stress corrosion cracking of 2024 T351 aluminium alloy in an aqueous 3.5% sodium chloride solution was investigated using three fracture mechanics based testing techniques: constant load, constant displacement, and constant displacement rate. In spite of their different loading characteristics, all three test methods yielded approximately the same Klscc value. Crack growth rates in the plateau region, as measured from bolt loaded DCB specimens and from CT specimens tested at low constant displacement rates are similar. The tests at constant displacement rate not only provide results in a much shorter time, but produce additional information in terms of crack growth resistance curves as a function of the displacement rate. Linear elastic as well as elastic-plastic fracture mechanics test evaluation procedures are applied and discussed in view of an assessment of criteria for the accelerated evaluation of SCC parameters such as Klscc, Jlscc, and δlscc.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00559.x
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  • 54
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    THRESHOLD STRESS INTENSITY BEHAVIOUR OF CRACKED STEEL STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The effects of stress variables on the fatigue design of steel structural components (SAE 1010 steel) in the threshold region are investigated. The threshold and the closure threshold stress intensity ranges both decreased linearly as the stress ratio is increased. The threshold and opening threshold stress intensities also decreased linearly as the magnitude of compressive peak stress is increased. Crack opening stress measurements using a mechanical extensometer showed that the crack is not fully closed throughout the stress cycle at the threshold level. The crack opening stress is found to be independent of the crack length up to a certain crack length depending on the loading conditions. It is also found that the threshold stress intensity consists of two components: opening or closure stress intensity required to overcome crack closure, and intrinsic stress intensity range required to grow the crack. Linear relationships are obtained for the intrinsic stress intensity range as a function of stress ratio or compressive peak stress.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00562.x
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  • 55
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    FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH FROM SMALL SEMI-ELLIPTIC HYDROGEN-INDUCED CRACKS IN QIN STEEL (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Small semi-elliptic hydrogen-induced cracks were produced in QIN (HY80) steel. Fatigue crack growth rate behaviour and threshold values for these cracks were investigated at several positive stress ratios (R= 0.2 to 0.7) and compared with results from long through-cracks. At low R values the hydrogen-induced cracks gave higher thresholds, and lower crack growth rates at the same nominal ΔK value in the near threshold region. At high R values the growth rates of both crack types were almost identical. The results are explained by a combination of crack tip blunting and roughness induced closure of the intergranular hydrogen crack.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00565.x
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    INFORMATION ON CONFERENCES/SEMINARS (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00543.x
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  • 57
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    FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH AND CLOSURE THROUGH A TENSILE RESIDUAL STRESS FIELD UNDER COMPRESSIVE APPLIED LOADING (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— —Fatigue crack growth and closure through a tensile residual stress field under an applied compressive loading is investigated by carrying out various applied stress ratio tests ranging from R= 0 to R= It is found that even under applied compressive loading, fatigue crack growth rates are well correlated with the effective stress intensity factor range and the behaviour of crack closure through a tensile residual stress field is uniquely controlled by an effective stress ratio which takes account of residual stresses. Consequently, the method of predicting fatigue growth rates, using da/dN vs ΔK data from residual stress-free specimens, can be successfully applied to crack growth through a tensile residual stress field. However, previously used simple assumptions may lead to non-conservative estimates of crack growth rates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00545.x
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  • 58
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    SURFACE CRACK GROWTH IN A PLATE UNDER THE REMOTE HIGH STRAIN-CONTROLLED CYCLIC LOADING (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— —Low cycle fatigue surface crack growth in a plate of finite width under remote strain-controlled cyclic loading has been studied for a mild steel. Both crack growth in the depth direction and along the surface plane were measured. It is found that the cyclic J-integral, estimated by Dowling and Begley's approach, can be used as the mechanical driving force to characterize crack growth rates in both directions. The maximum strain, strain ratio and strain rate have no influence on the relation between the crack growth rates and the corresponding cyclic J-integral. The shape of the crack, idealized as a semi-ellipse, gradually changes from shallow to deep at the beginning of a test and remains unchanged after the ratio of crack depth to thickness of the plate attains a value of 0.7. The change of crack shape is not affected by maximum strain, strain rate and strain ratio, but is dependent on the precracked shape.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00548.x
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    DISCUSSION (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00553.x
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    EDITORIAL: SOFTWARE SURVEY SECTION (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00534.x
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  • 61
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    STUDY ON FATIGUE THRESHOLD BEHAVIOUR AND FATIGUE CRACK PROPAGATION IN A CAST Co-Cr-Mo ALLOY USED FOR SURGICAL IMPLANTS (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— —Fatigue crack propagation rates (da/dN) and fatigue crack thresholds (ΔKth) have been studied in a cast Co-Cr-Mo alloy used for surgical implants with various grain sizes. Results for materials with average grain sizes of about 400 and 60μm respectively are presented. Threshold values close to 10–15 MPam have been measured with decreasing values observed on increasing the grain size. Similar effects of grain size are found on the crack propagation behaviour at higher growth rates, where a coarse grain size material show a higher crack growth rate than a fine grain size material at the same ΔK levels. The effects of microstructure on fatigue properties of the cast Co-Cr-Mo alloy are caused not only by grain size variation but are also attributed to the microstructural differences: a coarse-grained material with a directionally grown dendritic structure vs a fine-grained material with an equiaxed grain structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00537.x
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    THE EFFECT OF SPECIMEN SIZE ON THE J R-CURVE BEHAVIOUR OF A TITANIUM ALLOY (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— —This paper presents preliminary results from a large experimental programme to study geometry and size effects in J R-curves, The results presented were obtained from unloading compliance R-curve tests performed at room temperature on different sized single-edge-notch-bend specimens made from Ti-3Al–2V alloy. The crack growth resistance was measured in terms of the standard fracture resistance J (i.e. not corrected for crack growth), J corrected for crack growth, and the J modified parameter proposed by Ernst. It was found that the best agreement was exhibited by the R-curves based on the standard fracture resistance J, which displayed reasonable size independence up to, and in many cases beyond crack growths corresponding to 50% of the initial uncracked ligament.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00538.x
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  • 63
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    INITIATION AND PROPAGATION OF SHORT FATIGUE CRACKS IN A WELD METAL (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Fatigue tests were performed using a purpose designed triangular shaped specimen to investigate the initiation and propagation of short fatigue cracks in a weld metal. It was observed that short fatigue cracks evolved from slip bands and were predominantly within ferrite grains. As the test progressed, the short crack density increased with minor changes in crack length. The growth of short cracks, in the early stage resulted mainly from coalescence with other existing cracks. The mechanism of short crack behaviour is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00540.x
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  • 64
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    EDITORIAL: SOFTWARE SURVEY SECTION (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00522.x
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  • 65
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    APPLICATION OF LOCAL DAMAGE MODELS TO THE NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF DUCTILE RUPTURE (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Two damage models were implemented into the finite element program ADINA to study the correlation between microscopical damage and macroscopical material failure. In the first model, based on the Gurson yield function the nucleation, growth and the coalescence of voids were incorporated into the constitutive relations. In the second model the void growth was determined according to the Rice and Tracey model using the von Mises yield function, and material failure was simulated by eliminating the elements where the critical void growth ratio was exceeded. The numerical results for the local and global behaviour of the specimens were compared with experiments. The generality of the damage parameters was checked by investigating several specimen geometries. Both damage models deliver qualitatively consistent results with regard to the influence of the stress triaxiality on the void growth and on the beginning of the material failure. However, the Gurson model gives a more accurate numerical simulation because the damage development and the stress drop continue after the onset of void coalescence while the critical void growth model causes less convergence problems in the simulation of large crack extension. The Jn-curve was estimated on the basis of both models.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00527.x
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    A CRACK CLOSURE STUDY TO PREDICT THE THRESHOLD BEHAVIOUR OF SMALL CRACKS (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The small crack problem is addressed within the applicability of Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics as the result of crack closure phenomenon. The variation of crack closure stress intensity factory Kop as a function of crack length, a, was determined in two materials, namely a A508 steel and a 2024A1 alloy. These results were obtained on two-dimensional small cracks (a≫ 0.1 mm) which were machined from long fatigue cracks. These measurements of Kop in addition to data published in the literature on a nodular cast iron and a 9Cr–1Mo steel yield to a unique characteristic function: Kop/Ko= 1 –exp(–ka) in which k is the only parameter to characterize the small crack effect. A prediction of the threshold behaviour of small and long cracks on A508 steel is made using the results of crack closure measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00530.x
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    A RELIABILITY ANALYSIS OF FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH UNDER RANDOM LOADING (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The fracture mechanics approach to the growth of fatigue cracks under random loading has been used to predict both the distribution of crack lengths after a given number of cycles, and the distribution of cycles to grow a crack to a given length. The analysis ignores interaction effects between cycles, and its predictions agree closely with the results of Monte-Carlo simulations. These results allow a simple method of assessing the reliability of cracked components subjected to narrow or broad band random loading and the introduction of material variability allows a quantitative description of the parameters which affect the reliability of a structural component.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00531.x
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    FRACTURE MECHANISMS AND LIFE ASSESSMENT UNDER HIGH-STRAIN BIAXIAL CYCLIC LOADING OF TYPE 304 STAINLESS STEEL (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— In order to investigate the elevated-temperature low-cycle fatigue characteristics of Type 304 stainless steel under biaxial loading, strain-controlled push-pull and torsional fatigue tests were conducted at 550°C under proportional and nonproportional loading conditions with phase differences of 0, α/6, α/4, α/3 and α/2 between the applied sinusoidal axial and torsional strains. Based on the experimental results, this study presents a discussion on fracture mechanisms and failure criteria. In the case of proportional loading, the fracture mode was found, from fractographic observations, to be classified into either Mode I or Mode II, while the fractures were of mixed mode under nonproportional loading. However, failure lives under both the loading conditions could be correlated well in this study with the equivalent shear strain range, Δy, defined by extending the β -plane theory of Brown and Miller. The failure life under nonproportional loading could also be predicted by applying a strain-energy-based approach.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00515.x
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    CRACK GROWTH BEHAVIOUR IN A THERMAL FATIGUE TEST. EXPERIMENTS AND CALCULATIONS (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 12 (1989), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— This study is concerned with the results of experiments in which thermal cycles have been repeatedly applied through the wall thickness of axisymmetrically cracked tubular specimens. The investigated material is a Cr–Mo steel used for the moulds when fabricating centrifugally cast iron pipes. Crack growth rates have been measured by using the interrupted tests technique. A methodology is proposed to model the crack growth rates under such thermal fatigue loadings. The elastic and plastic stress-strain fields are calculated on the uncracked specimen by means of a finite element code. Special attention was paid to reach a mechanical steady state regime. Fatigue crack growth rates data were obtained, both under isothermal and anisothermal conditions, on CT and SEN specimens. The latter specimens were tested under large-scale yielding in order to obtain the data appropriate to the cyclic stress-strain field calculated in the thermal fatigue specimens. An effective stress intensity factor, which takes into account both plastic strains and crack closure effect, was used to correlate the results of isothermal tests on CT and SEN specimens and to calculate the thermal fatigue crack growth rates in tubular specimens. It is shown that the use of the effective stress intensity factor gives a satisfactory agreement between the observed and the calculated crack growth rates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00518.x
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    CYCLIC MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF A 12Cr-Mo-V MARTENSITIC STAINLESS STEEL (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The low cycle fatigue properties of a 12Cr-IMo-V martensitic stainless steel are investigated at room temperature and correlated with its microstructure. The mechanical test results show that the behavior of this steel depends on the applied strain level. The SEM and TEM studies bring out the role of ferrite islands embedded in a tempered martensite lath matrix. Plastic deformation is essentially accommodated by ferrite; this results in extrusion formation on the surface specimen and a cellular dislocation structure. When the strain level is high, it requires a greater contribution of the tempered martensite, ferrite alone being unable to accomplish all the plastic deformation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01395.x
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    ENERGY DISTRIBUTION AND ASSOCIATED FRACTURE PHENOMENA WHEN EXPLOSIVELY LOADING PARABOLOIDAL-ENDED PERSPEX RODS EMBEDDED IN LEAD AND AIR (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Fracture damage development in paraboloidal-ended cylindrical rods of Perspex due to stress waves initiated by explosive point loading at the flat end of a rod with a detonator, embedded in surrounding media of solid lead or atmospheric air is discussed. An attempt has been made to explain the form and the location of the terminal internal fractures and the spalls in terms of stress optics considering first and second reflections of the incident waves at the interfacial boundary and the energy distribution of the incident waves when reflected from a boundary or refracted into the surrounding medium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01394.x
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    THE PROGRESSION OF BENDING FATIGUE IN NICKEL (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The progression of fully reversed bending fatigue, in a 99.6% pure polycrystalline nickel (NO2200) at room temperature, was monitored utilizing Nomarski interference contrast microscopy in conjunction with microhardness measurements. It was found that a gradual hardening, without early saturation, occurred from about 95 to 160 HV. Similar data were obtained with indenter weights of 15–500 g, from which it was concluded that a different behaving surface layer did not develop during fatigue. Cracks initiated at coarse slip bands within the first 1% of the life, when the hardness reached 140 HV. The cracking of these bands initiated away from grain boundaries. The slow growth of these slip band cracks dominated the life subsequently. Growth of the cracks both across and beyond the initial grain was difficult. The significant hardening prior to crack initiation and the confinement of the cracking mainly to coarse slip bands, contributed to a good inherent fatigue resistence of nickel. with a fatigue limit above the yield strength. Non-propagating cracks were not observed below the fatigue limit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01398.x
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    A TORSION-BENDING LOADING FRAME FOR A UNIAXIAL FATIGUE TEST MACHINE (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— A novel mixed-mode loading frame has been designed to fit a uniaxial servo-hydraulic test machine. The frame allows fatigue tests to be performed on circurnferentially slit round bars under combined in-phase torsion and bending loads at positive mean stresses. The growth of fatigue cracks was monitored using a direct current potential drop technique. An empirical equation relating crack depth and voltage is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01386.x
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    CREEP, FATIGUE AND CREEP-FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH RATES IN PARENT AND SIMULATED HAZ TYPE 321 STAINLESS STEEL (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Crack growth rate data are presented from a range of fully reversed displacement-controlled fatigue and creep-Fatigue tests and from static load-controlled creep crack growth tests on aged 321 stainless steel (parent and simulated HAZ) at 650 ° C. In the creep fatigue tests, constant displacement tensile hold periods of 12–192 h were used. Crack growth rates comprised both cyclic and dwell period contributions. Cyclic growth contributions are described by a Paris-type law and give faster crack growth rates than those associated with pure fatigue tests. Dwell period contributions are described by the C* parameter. The total cyclic crack growth rates are given by summing the cyclic and dwell period contributions. Estimates of C* using a reference stress approach together with the appropriate stress relaxation creep data are shown to correlate well with experimentally measured C* values. Crack growth rates during static load-controlled tests correlate well with C*. Good agreement is obtained between crack growth rates during the static tests and those produced during the hold period of the creep-fatigue tests.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01389.x
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    Information on Conferences/Seminars (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01176.x
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  • 76
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    HIGH TEMPERATURE FATIGUE DAMAGE IN THREE AUSTENITIC ALLOYS (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— A series of cyclic strain controlled tests have been carried out at 600°C on three high temperature austenitic iron-based alloys. These alloys were AISI type 316 stainless steel, Alloy 800 H and Sandvik 253 MA. The tests were carried out under constant total strain control using a constant strain rate of 0.005 s−′. Damage mechanics was applied to the results in order to follow the accumulation of damage. By consideiing the changes in modulus throughout the life of each specimen it was found that damage evolution could be successfully predicted as a function of plastic strain range despite the fact that each alloy had been chosen because of a different stress response at 600°C, namely cyclic saturation, hardening, and softening followed by hardening for the AISI 316, 253 MA and Alloy 800 H respectively. Although each alloy accumulated fatigue damage in a similar manner the longer lives of Sandvik 253 MA and Alloy 800 H at a given total strain range were due to a smaller plastic strain component and a reduced stage I crack propagation rate. In the 253 MA alloy. slip was predominantly planar with some cells occasionally forming at high strain ranges. Slip was localized in Alloy 800 H due to the shearing of small γ precipitates. In the AISI 316 stainless steel, dislocation cells formed at all strain ranges. It is concluded that all these alloys accumulate damage similarly, independent of their deformation behaviour.
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    THE GROWTH OF MICROSTRUCTURALLY SMALL FATIGUE CRACKS IN A FERRITIC-PEARLITIC STEEL (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The growth behaviour of microstructurally small fatigue cracks was investigated with smooth specimens of a ferritic-pearlitic steel, S45C. under rotating bending. The effects of microstructure, particularly the role of pearlite structure, on crack growth were evaluated based on detailed microscopic observations. In the region smaller than a certain crack length. small cracks tended to grow preferentially in the ferrite structure, and the crack growth rates decreased markedly at ferrite-pearlite boundaries when small cracks grew into the pearlite from the ferrite. The above region of crack length, i.e. the length of microstructurally small cracks, depended on stress level, increasing with decreasing stress level. The growth mechanism is also discussed in terms of the results obtained from fractogrdphy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01387.x
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  • 78
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    A DUCTILITY EXHAUSTION EVALUATION OF SOME LONG TERM CREEP/FATIGUE TESTS ON AUSTENITIC STEEL (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— A limited number of long term creep/fatigue tests performed on two batches of Type 316 steel and one batch of associated 17Cr8Ni2Mo weld metal are reported. Test durations range from 5000 to 32,000 h and temperatures from 5.50 to 625 ° C. Subsequent metallographic examination shows the failures to be wholly or predominantly intergranular. The results are analysed using a ductility exhaustion approach and it is shown that the endurances obtained are within a factor of two of predicted values. The results confirm that the design approach to creep/fatigue currently being developed in the U.K. and based on ductility exhaustion is likely to be satisfactory.
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  • 79
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    MAGNETOSTRICTION EFFECTS IN CRACK LENGTH MEASUREMENTS (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Fatigue crack lengths were measured in a ferromagnetic material (a low alloy steel) using the d.c. potential drop technique. Significant cyclic fluctuations in potential were observed. Using discriminatory tests it has been established that the fluctuations may be attributed to inverse magnetostriction known as the Villari effect. The strain rate dependence of the fluctuations was investigated using sinusoidal, square and sawtooth waveforms, and the amplitude of the fluctuations was shown to be proportional to strain rate. In some cases the amplitude of the fluctuations was of similar magnitude to the crack length measurement potential.
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  • 80
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    INFORMATION ON CONFERENCES/SEMINARS (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01166.x
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  • 81
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    A CRITICAL PLANE APPROACH TO MULTIAXIAL FATIGUE DAMAGE INCLUDING OUT-OF-PHASE LOADING (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— A modification to Brown and Miller's critical plane approach is proposed to predict multiaxial fatigue life under both in-phase and out-of-phase loading conditions. The components of this modified parameter consist of the maximum shear strain amplitude and the maximum normal stress on the maximum shear strain amplitude plane. Additional cyclic hardening developed during out-of-phase loading is included in the normal stress term. Also, the mathematical formulation of this new parameter is such that variable amplitude loading can be accommodated. Experimental results from tubular specimens made of 1045 HR steel under in-phase and 90° out-of-phase axial-torsional straining using both sinusoidal and trapezoidal wave forms were correlated within a factor of about two employing this approach. Available Inconel 718 axial-torsional data including mean strain histories were also satisfactorily correlated using the aforementioned parameter.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01169.x
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    FRICTIONAL EFFECTS ON FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH IN β -ANNEALED Ti-6Al-4V (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The crack tip cyclic heat generation rate, fatigue crack growth rate, and the crack closure stress were measured in a β-annealed Ti-6Al-4V for R ratios of -0.1, 0.1 and 0.2. The R= -0.1 and 0.1 cases exhibited macroscopic crack closure and the R = 0.2 case exhibited no macroscopic crack closure as measured by strain gage techniques. There was a transition in the slope of the da/dN vs ΔK curve for the closure cases and no transition for the no-closure case. The crack tip heat generation rate above the transition for the closure cases was an order of magnitude greater than for the no-closure case. Also the crack tip heat generation rate below the transition was greater for the closure cases than for the no-closure case. The transition in the heat generation rate and the crack growth rate was attributed to a transition from static frictional locking of shear branch cracks to sliding of the branch crack surfaces. Below the transition the crack faces are locked open creating a large roughness-induced closure component. When the branch cracks are allowed to undergo reverse shear, the amount of roughness-induced closure markedly decreases and the fracture surface becomes less tortuous. The relative sliding generates the increased heat.
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  • 83
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    EXPERIMENTAL FATIGUE EVALUATION OF EXTERNALLY WELDED BOX GIRDERS (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— An experimental study has been carried out to evaluate the fatigue strength and life of externally welded box girders used in gantry cranes and bridge structures. In this study, a reduced scale model was fabricated and tested under conditions similar to those of the prototype. Model analysis was used to select the model dimensions and loads. The test model was subjected to bending, shear and torsional stresses under load control conditions. After test completion, the critical sections were visually and microscopically inspected. No fatigue crack initiation was found. The results of this investigation is expected to help in establishing a fatigue design criteria for externally welded box girders.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01174.x
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  • 84
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    FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH BEHAVIOUR OF A ZINC-ALUMINIUM ALLOY AT HIGH HOMOLOGOUS TEMPERATURES (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The fatigue crack growth behaviour and crack closure response of a zinc base die casting alloy at high homologous temperature were studied. The crack growth rate was both frequency and temperature dependent. The frequency dependence of crack growth rate, which has been commonly attributed to creep-fatigue interaction, can be rationalized by the crack closure phenomenon. The temperature dependence is contrary to that observed in other materials and cannot be simply explained in terms of the interaction between creep and fatigue damage. The effect of a single tensile overload on the crack growth behaviour at high homologous temperatures has also been investigated.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01163.x
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    INFORMATION ON CONFERENCES/SEMINARS (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01213.x
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    SOFTWARE SURVEY SECTION (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01215.x
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    RESULTS OF A ROUND ROBIN ON STRETCH ZONE WIDTH DETERMINATION (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— -A round robin on experimental stretch zone width (SZW) measurement was conducted. The SZW of eight different materials showing an SZW range of 5 to 200 μm was measured by evaluating a set of micrographs. The round robin was carried out by 14 participants from different firms and institutes. The standard deviation of the experimental SZW measurement was found to be in a range of smaller than 75% of the stretch zone average SZW. For 90% of the micrographs the standard deviation of SZW remains in a range smaller than 35% of SZW. This scatter range was not significantly influenced by the experience of the participants in measuring the individual SZW, the materials tested and the magnitude of the SZW itself. The SZW results determined in this round robin match well with a theoretical SZW determination using the recently developed blunting line equation including strain hardening: SZW = 0.4 dn* J/E.
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    A REVIEW OF FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH CHARACTERISATION BY LINEAR ELASTIC FRACTURE MECHANICS (LEFM). PART I—PRINCIPLES AND METHODS OF DATA GENERATION (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The application of linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) to the characterisation of fatigue crack growth has been reviewed. In Part I the present understanding of the factors influencing growth rate is summarised, and the current methods of fatigue crack growth rate data generation are considered in the light of this. In Part II, documents are reviewed which provide advice on the prediction of fatigue crack growth and also those national standards in which fatigue crack growth considerations are implicit.
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  • 89
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    WAVEFORMS IN FRETTING FATIGUE (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The magnitudes and directions of the frictional forces must be considered in any fracture mechanics analysis of crack growth under fretting fatigue conditions. A simple nonlinear friction model has been developed which relates the waveforms of the frictional forces to those of the applied forces when fretting occurs. It is shown that the waveforms are different in shape and that periods of dwell and phase shifts may occur in the frictional forces. These differences can significantly affect the rate of growth of cracks and hence life prediction.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01396.x
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    GROWTH OF SEMI-ELLIPTICAL SURFACE CRACKS IN FERRITIC STEEL PLATES UNDER CYCLIC THERMAL SHOCK LOADING (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Investigations of crack growth under thermal fatigue loading are presented. The experiments were performed with a ferritic reactor pressure vessel steel. A plate, containing a semi-elliptical surface crack is heated up to a homogeneous temperature and cyclically cooled down by a jet of cold water. On the basis of linear elastic fracture mechanics, stress-intensity factors are calculated with the weight function method. The prediction of crack growth under thermal fatigue loading using data from standard specimens is compared with the experimental result.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01397.x
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    A NUMERICAL STUDY ON GLOBAL AND LOCAL PARAMETERS CONTROLLING FRACTURE IN THE BRITTLE-DUCTILE TRANSITION TEMPERATURE REGION (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— In this report on fracture studies pertinent to the brittle-ductile transition region the predictive capability of a local fracture parameter, i.e. maximum tensile stress normal to the crack plane (= maximum principal stress), and of a global fracture parameter, i.e. the J-integral, are compared for SENB and CNT specimens fractured at −70°C. The influence of constraint is also investigated, both locally as defined by the ratios of mean (hydrostatic) stress and maximum principal stress to von Mises stress, and globally as defined by the factor m=J/(s̀γ.CTOD). Results obtained indicate that stress fields in a varying constraint environment (i.e. varying both spatially and with extent of plastic deformation) are not uniquely characterized by J and require additional information on the amount of constraint. Fracture predictions based on maximum principal stress ahead of the crack tip exhibit far less scatter than those based on J, but further investigations are required on the geometry (in)dependence of this local parameter.
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    EDITORIAL: SOFTWARE SURVEY SECTION (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01167.x
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    A SIMPLIFIED LABORATORY APPROACH FOR THE PREDICTION OF SHORT CRACK BEHAVIOR IN ENGINEERING STRUCTURES (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Conventionally determined fatigue threshold information (ASTM E647) can lead to non-conservative estimates of fatigue lifetimes when these data are utilized in damage tolerant design assessments. The non-conservative nature of such data can be attributed primarily to the development of excessively large amounts of crack closure at low R-ratios, particularly at near threshold stress intensity factor levels. These high closure levels attenuate the effective stress intensity condition prevailing at the crack tip and confound attempts to predict the behavior of short cracks that exhibit limited crack closure. A modified test procedure, involving constant maximum stress intensity factor (Kcmax) test conditions, is described which identifies fatigue crack propagation (FCP) threshold behavior in the absence of detectable amounts of crack closure. These data have been generated with conventional long crack specimens for several aluminum, iron, and nickel-based alloys and which are shown to closely simulate the FCP response of short cracks in these engineering materials. As such, the modified threshold test procedure, incorporating constant Kmax loading conditions, represents a valuable tool in the prediction of the cyclic lifetime of engineering components. The stress-cyclic lifetime (S-N) curve for aluminum butt-welded beams was computed based on Kcmax data and found to be in excellent agreement with actual test results.
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    MODELLING OF EMBEDDED FATIGUE CRACKS IN RAILROAD RAILS (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— A first-generation fatigue crack growth model has been developed which realistically models the patterns of subsurface shells and detail fracture crack growth that are commonly observed in railroad rails. (These types of defects are further described in the Introduction.) The key assumptions upon which the model is based are reviewed and the input data on railroad rail residual stresses and wheel-induced stresses are described. Examples of the predicted growth patterns for shells and detail fractures are shown and compared to actually observed growth patterns. Apparent deficiencies in the model are discussed and probable avenues for improvement in the accuracy of the crack growth life estimates are identified.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01172.x
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    AN INVESTIGATION OF FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH IN A DUCTILE MATERIAL AT HIGH GROWTH RATES (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Investigations into tearing-fatigue have been performed using three point bend specimens made of mild steel. A computer controlled testing machine was used which could maintain constant cyclic displacement ranges, or constant cyclic energy input ranges, and hence provide a range of crack tip driving force conditions. Fatigue crack growth rates were measured and compared with the predictions of a model based on the linear summation and non-interaction of fatigue and ductile tearing growth rates. The effects of fatigue crack growth on monotonic crack growth resistance properties were investigated. It is concluded that there is no significant interaction between these two crack propagation mechanisms in this steel. Crack growth rate equations governing propagation in the tearing-fatigue regime are given.
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    INFORMATION ON CONFERENCES/SEMINARS (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01159.x
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    EDITORIAL: SOFTWARE SURVEY SECTION (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01160.x
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    DRAFT EGF RECOMMENDATIONS FOR DETERMINING THE FRACTURE RESISTANCE OF DUCTILE MATERIALS: EGF PROCEDURE EGF P1–87D (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The EGF Working Party on Fracture Mechanics Testing Standards has written a draft ECF Procedure for determining the crack growth fracture resistance of ductile materials. either in terms of the J-integral or the crack tip opening displacement. Methods are also given for deriving J and δ fracture parameters related to initiation of crack growth. The multiple specimen method is taken as the reference method. Several single specimen techniques are described in Appendices. The EGF Procedure is currently being validated by an experimental round robin.
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    THE PROGRESSION OF BENDING FATIGUE IN INCONEL 625 (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Inconel 625 (N06625) was fatigued in reversed bending and the sequence of surface damage observed. A comparison was made with nickel and Monel K500 studied previously. It was found that, as with nickel, slip markings were present at one cycle even in high life samples. In the Inconel 625, the slip was always planar, multiple slip was common and a plethora of secondary slip was associated with most crack fronts. A noticeable distinction, from nickel and Monel, was the absence of any intergranular cracking. Microhardness measurements revealed that, as with Monel and in contrast to nickel, strain amplitudes high enough to give surface zone hardening led to short lives. from which the inference was made that the inherent fatigue properties of Inconel 625 are inferior to nickel, for advantage cannot be taken of its high strain hardening exponent. Nevertheless, the fatigue limit, as in nickel remains above the yield stress because cracks only initiate when the grains are replete with slip and a rumpled topography has developed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01400.x
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    Electronic Resource
    PROPAGATION AND CLOSURE OF SHORT FATIGUE CRACKS AT NOTCHES UNDER COMPRESSIVE MEAN STRESSES (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Single-edge-notched specimens of a low-carbon steel were fatigued under cyclic in-plane bending with compressive mean stresses. The development of crack closure with crack growth was studied both experimentally and theoretically. The relation between the crack opening stress and the crack length was a function of the minimum (compressive) applied stress, irrespective of the maximum stress. The effective stress intensity range was a unique parameter in correlating the crack growth rate, even if the crack was embedded in the compressive plastic zone. Under a constant minimum stress, the length of nonpropagating cracks became longer with increasing maximum applied stress. A theoretical model was proposed for predicting the crack opening stress on the basis of the compressive stress distribution at the minimum applied stress. The predicted value agreed fairly well with the experimental result. The model gave upper bounds of the crack growth rate and the length of nonpropagating fatigue cracks within the plastic zone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01388.x
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