ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • man  (22)
  • Chromatographie, Dünnschicht  (18)
  • Volumetrie  (14)
  • Electron Microscopy  (11)
  • Springer  (65)
  • National Academy of Sciences
  • 1975-1979  (65)
  • 1975  (65)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • Springer  (65)
  • National Academy of Sciences
Years
  • 1975-1979  (65)
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 8 (1975), S. 97-105 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Di-n-propylacetate ; 2-propyl-valeric acid sodium salt ; pharmacokinetics ; anti-epileptic ; drug monitoring ; man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of the anti-epileptic drug di-n-propylacetate (DepakineR) have been studied in 7 patients, in whom plasma concentrations were determined during and following subchronic treatment. Elimination of the drug appeared to follow a monophasic exponential course; biological half lives were 8 to 15 hours. The data supported the assumption that an open one-compartment model can be used to describe the kinetics of dipropylacetate in man. The drug appeared to have a relatively restricted distribution: calculated relative distribution volumes ranged from 0.15 to 0.40 1/kg. There were large interindividual differences in clearance rate. The therapeutic range was considered to be between 50 and 100 mg/1 plasma. Plasma levels of phenobarbital were markedly raised during treatment with dipropylacetate for an unknown reason. Determination of the plasma concentrations of drugs at accurately fixed times appears to be a reliable method for pharmacotherapeutic monitoring of epileptic patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Sympathetic activity ; plasma catecholamine concentration ; dopamine-β-hydroxylase activity ; graded physical exercise ; heart rate ; man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In 11 healthy untrained volunteers the increase in plasma dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DBH) activity during graded physical exercise has been examined as a true measure of increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system. The correlation between DBH activity, catecholamine concentration (CA) in plasma and heart rate was studied. When work on an electrically braked bicycle ergometer was gradually increased from 12.5 to 100, 200 and 300 watts there was a linear increase in DBH activity and heart rate; the increase in CA concentrations followed an exponential function. The peak values for DBH activity and CA concentration in plasma after the 300 watt work load (as percentages of the resting levels) were 130±3% and 820±71%, respectively; the adrenaline concentration in plasma increased only to 150±19% (p〉0.05). There were significant correlations between heart rate and work load, DBH and work load and log CA and work load. The data imply direct correlations between heart rate and DBH, heart rate and log CA and DBH and log CA. The exponential increase in noradrenaline concentration in plasma might be due either to a greater net “overflow” from sympathetic nerve endings, and/or to increased secretion by the adrenal medulla. In the latter case, the release of noradrenaline would not be accompanied by secretion either of adrenaline or DBH. After work ceased there were sharp falls in heart rate and CA concentration, which indicate an immediate drop in sympathetic activity. DBH activity in plasma returned to normal very slowly; it reached half maximum values after 20 – 22 min. It is concluded that increased sympathetic activity in man can be estimated in vivo as changes in DBH and/or CA concentration in plasma. In contrast, a rapid decrease in sympathetic activity is directly reflected only by a rapid fall in the plasma concentrations of CA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 8 (1975), S. 33-39 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: m-octopamine ; metabolism ; first-pass effect ; man ; enteric absorption ; monohydroxylated phenylalkylamines
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The diminished sympathomimetic pressor activity of monohydroxylated phenylalkylamines after oral administration has been attributed to incomplete enteric absorption. Therefore, urinary excretion of the unchanged drug and its metabolites has been compared after intravenous and oral administration of3H-m-octopamine to eight patients. Identical amounts of3H-activity (80% of the dose) were excreted after the two routes of dosing, so enteric absorption has been assumed to be complete. Significant differences were found in the fraction of free urinarym-octopamine, which amounted to 10.5% of the dose after infusion and 0.58% after oral administration. The only metabolic pathways form-octopamine are deamination and conjugation. Following oral administration the percentage of conjugates was considerably higher than after intravenous infusion. This metabolic pattern appears typical of all phenylalkylamines with a hydroxyl group in themeta position. Ring hydroxylation to catecholamines was not observed. The enzymes mainly responsible for conjugation after oral administration are located in the gut wall. The resulting “first pass effect”, i.e. metabolism prior to the access to the central compartment, can account for the diminished pharmacodynamic effect after dosing by this route.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 8 (1975), S. 161-166 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Oxyfedrine ; norephedrine ; man ; urinary excretion ; sympathomimetic
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary After oral administration of oxyfedrine to healthy volunteers, norephedrine was identified in the urine by thin layer chromatography and gas liquid chromatography and mass spectrography. 30 hours after single oral doses of 8, 16 or 24 mg of oxyfedrine, about 4, 8 and 9 mg, respectively, of norephedrine were found in the urine, i.e. on a molar base 75–100% of the dose was excreted as norephedrine. The peak of excretion occurred within 2–4 hours after administration of the drug. No accumulation of oxyfedrine and/or its metabolite was observed after administration of 16 mg of oxyfedrine t.i.d. for three days. It could not be decided whether oxyfedrine was metabolized to norephedrine by liver enzymes, as in rats, or was spontaneously degraded to norephedrine, e.g. in duodenal fluid before absorption. 30–150 min after oral oxyfedrine (24 mg) norephedrine was demonstrable in duodenal fluid. Thus, in addition to the directβ-sympathomimetic effects of oxyfedrine, it may also have indirect sympathomimetic effects because of the noradrenaline-releasing properties of its metabolite norephedrine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 8 (1975), S. 249-254 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Clonazepam ; 7-amino-clonazepam ; pharmacokinetics ; side-effects ; man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Clonazepam (CNP) and its principal metabolite in plasma, 7-amino-CNP (ACNP), have been investigated in a prospective study of 27 newly diagnosed epileptics and correlated with specified side-effects. At a daily dose of 6 mg, the average plasma levels of both substances were about 50ng/ml, and individual values ranged from 30 to about 80ng/ml. There was a linear correlation between changes in dose and the resulting plasma levels, which indicates first order elimination kinetics. Side-effects were frequent, but neither their severity nor their occurrence could be related to plasma levels or to the rate of increase in plasma concentration of the drug. Three out of five patients who developed serious dysphoria had significantly high CNP levels. The concentration of ACNP was considerably increased in four patients who subsequently suffered from withdrawal symptoms. Drug interaction with diphenylhydantoin, i.e. decreased CNP level, was observed in all five patients who received both compounds. In general it is not yet possible to define an upper limit for the plasma levels of CNP and ACNP at which toxicity occurs. In patients treated with conventional doses of CNP, measurement of plasma concentration is not required, except in special circumstances, because of the lack of correlation between plasma level and side-effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 8 (1975), S. 343-347 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Nortriptyline ; pharmacokinetics ; man ; two compartment model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Plasma concentrations of nortriptyline have been assayed in four subjects after intravenous infusion of 57 mg nortriptyline hydrochloride. The data were evaluated according to a two compartment open model. The calculated best-fitting curves were in good agreement with the experimental data, better than could be expected from a simpler model. This justifies the assumption that the kinetics of nortriptyline in man may be described by this model with an appropriate input function. The data permitted estimation of all the parameters of the model. The meaning of the parameters is discussed, particularly in relation to individual variation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 8 (1975), S. 285-285 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Lithium ; intoxication ; man ; delayed absorption ; gastric contents
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A 55-year old man with lithium intoxication showed increasing serum concentrations in spite of forced diuresis and dialysis. A high lithium content was found in gastric juice three days after the compound had been taken. The serum lithium level began to fall after gastric lavage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 8 (1975), S. 277-282 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: QX-572 ; quaternary ammonium compound ; plasma level ; urinary excretion ; man ; anti-arrhythmic drug
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A quantitative thin layer chromatographic (TLC) method has been developed for determination of the antiarrhythmic quaternary ammonium compound N, N-bis (phenylcarbamoylmethyl) dimethylammonium chloride (QX-572) in biological materials. Prior to chromatography QX-572 was transferred into chloroform as perchlorate by ion pair extraction. Tritium-labelled QX-572 was used as the internal standard and a TLC scanning spectrophotometer equipped with a linear detector system afforded the required accuracy, specificity and simplicity. The method was used to determine QX-572 in plasma from 11 patients with various cardiac diseases who received QX-572 8 mg/kg body wt. as an intravenous infusion over 30 min. There was a rapid initial decay of the plasma levels from 11.0±1.1 µg/ml (mean ± SE) at the end of infusion to 3.5±0.5 µg/ml after 30 min. 240 min after commencement of the infusion the plasma level was 0.7±0.1 µg/ml. In these patients 22±2% (mean±SE) of the total administered dose of QX-572 was excreted unchanged in urine during the 24 hours following infusion of the drug. A second group of 28 patients with acute myocardial infarction also received QX-572 8 mg/kg body wt. Their plasma levels did not differ significantly from those found in the first group of patients. There was a poor correlation between the amount of QX-572 administered and plasma level at the end of the infusion. The study has provided some preliminary data about the pharmacokinetics of QX-572, but before a detailed analysis can be done data from longer periods of observation is required. The present results suggest that in future QX-572 can be administered in a standardized dosage, what would be advantageous in practice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 9 (1975), S. 135-145 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Anturan® ; 14C-label ; man ; pharmacokinetics ; biotransformation ; C-glucuronidation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The absorption, biotransformation and elimination of sulfinpyrazone, 1,2-diphenyl-3,5-dioxo-4-(2′-phenylsufinylethyl)-pyrazolidine, have been studied by administration of single 200 mg oral doses of a14C-labelled preparation to two male volunteers. Absorption from the gastro-intestinal tract was rapid and complete and the plasma concentration of unchanged drug reached maximum values of 22.67 and 13.04 µg/ml, respectively, after 1 – 2 hours. The elimination half-life in the two subjects, calculated from the decline between 3 and 8 hours, was 2.7 and 2.2 hours. The integrated concentration of unchanged sulfinpyrazone in plasma, estimated from the area under the concentration curves (AUC), was almost as high as that of total14C-substances, so the proportion of metabolized drug in plasma was low. In no case did the AUC of the three specifically determined metabolites, i.e. the sulphone G 31 442, the “para-hydroxy”-compound G 32 642 and the “4-hydroxy”-compound GP 52 097, exceed 4% of the sulfinpyrazone value. More than 95% of whole blood radioactivity was confined to plasma. The oral dose was rapidly and completely excreted, since within 4 days more than 95% was recovered, 85% from urine and 10% from faeces. A large proportion of the dose was excreted as unchanged drug in the two volunteers: 51 and 54% of total urinary radioactivity was present as sulfinpyrazone; 8.2 and 8.8% was present as “para-hydroxy”-metabolite, 2.7 and 3.0% as sulphone-metabolite, and 0.6 and 0.8% as “4-hydroxy”-metabolite. About 30% of urinary radioactivity consisted of highly polar metabolites. Spectroscopy of them showed that they were the C-β-glucuronides of sulfinpyrazone (28%) and the corresponding sulfone (2%). In these metabolites the C(4) of the pyrazolidine ring was directly attached to glucuronic acid, and thus they represent a new type of biosynthetic conjugate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 9 (1975), S. 155-159 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Anticonvulsants ; benzazepines ; clonazepam ; pharmacokinetics ; gas chromatography ; man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Eight healthy volunteers were given single i.v. and oral doses of clonazepam (2 mg). The disposition curves after i.v. administration showed a biexponential decline and the data were applied to a two-compartment open model. The volume of distribution ((Vd)β) ranged between 1.5 and 4.4 l/kg and the plasma half-life (t1/2) between 19 and 60 hours. Absorption after oral administration was fast, with peak plasma concentrations within 4 hours in all subjects. Five of the subjects received repeated oral doses of clonazepam 0.5 mg bid for 15 days. The plasma level during steady state (estimated as Cmin within the dose interval) could be predicted from the constants A, B, α and β obtained in the single dose study with a coefficient of variation of 6%. The plasma half-lives after cessation of the subchronic dosing were of the same magnitude as after single doses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 9 (1975), S. 193-198 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: (−)-[14C]-ephedrine ; metabolism ; urinary excretion ; tolerance ; man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The metabolic fate of orally administered (−)-[14C]-ephedrine has been studied in 3 human subjects and the urinary excretion of metabolites determined quantitatively by solvent extraction, paper chromatography and reverse isotope dilution procedures. Following an oral dose of the drug (0.35 mg/kg, 1.6 µCi), 97% of the dose was excreted in the urine within 48 h, 88% in the first 24 h. Unchanged drug was the major urinary excretory product (53–74%), with N-demethylation occurring to a variable extent (8–20%) although there was little interindividual variation in urine pH. Oxidative deamination was also variable (4–13%); the main identified products of this were benzoic acid (free and conjugated) and 1,2-dihydroxy-1-phenylpropane (free and conjugated). No phenolic metabolites could be detected, and thus it would appear that these compounds cannot be implicated in the acquisition of tolerance to ephedrine which can occur on repeated dosage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 9 (1975), S. 219-227 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Rifampicin ; induction of drug metabolism ; hexobarbital kinetics ; tolbutamide kinetics ; plasma concentrations ; man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Five healthy volunteers took 1.2 g rifampicin daily for 8 days, and before and afterwards each received hexobarbital (7.32 mg/kg) and tolbutamide (20 mg/kg) by i.v. infusion on two consecutive days. The plasma concentrations of the two drugs were determined during and after infusion. The average elimination half-life of hexobarbital had decreased from 325 to 122 min and of tolbutamide from 418 to 183 min following rifampicin treatment. It was calculated that the metabolic clearance of hexobarbital had increased about three-fold and that of tolbutamide more than two-fold. Significant changes in the distribution kinetics of the two drugs were not observed. The results suggest that rifampicin is capable of inducing drug metabolism in man, which leads to an increased rate of elimination of drugs that undergo biotransformation in the liver.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 9 (1975), S. 229-234 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Quercetin ; flavonoids ; pharmacokinetics ; absorption ; disposition ; metabolism ; man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of quercetin, a flavonoid, have been studied in 6 volunteers after single intravenous (100 mg) and oral (4 g) doses. The data after iv administration were analyzed according to a two compartment open model with half lives of 8.8±1.2 min for the α phase and 2.4±0.2 h for the β phase (predominant half life), respectively. Protein binding was 〉98%. The apparent volume of distribution was small at 0.34±0.03 l/kg. Of the intravenous dose 7.4±1.2% was excreted in urine as a conjugated metabolite, and 0.65±0.1% was excreted unchanged. After oral administration no measurable plasma concentrations could be detected, nor was any quercetin found in urine, either unchanged or in a metabolized form. These results exclude absorption of more than 1% of unchanged drug. Recovery in faeces after the oral dose was 53±5%, which suggests extensive degradation by microorganisms in the gut. The data obtained show that oral administration of flavonoids may be of questionable value.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 8 (1975), S. 227-231 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Dixyrazine ; methaqualone ; etodroxizine ; Isonox® ; sleep stages ; man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Whole night EEG and polygraphic recordings were made in ten young, healthy, male volunteers after dixyrazine (12.5 mg, 25 mg, 50 mg), methaqualone (250 mg) and Isonox® (methaqualone 250 mg + etodroxizine 50 mg). A total of 156 recording nights (36 adaptation nights were not included in the analyses) were scored for different sleep stages according to accepted criteria. The smallest dose of dixyrazine (12.5 mg) had no significant effect upon sleep pattern: the larger doses (25 mg and 50 mg) caused significant decreases in REM-sleep during the first nights of administration. The decrease disappeared during the following two nights of treatment. No withdrawal effects were seen. Methaqualone also caused moderate depression of REM-sleep during the first night of treatment, and this effect, too, disappeared during prolonged administration. Isonox® (methaqualone + etodroxizine) had a somewhat stronger surpressive effect upon REM-sleep than methaqualone alone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 8 (1975), S. 91-96 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Carbamazepine ; pharmacokinetics ; man ; diphenylhydantoin ; phenobarbital ; plasma binding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Carbamazepine (2.7–3 mg/kg) was administered orally as an alcoholic solution (50% v/v) to eight healthy volunteers. Two of the subjects were also given 50 mg and 100 mg of carbamazepine in alcoholic solution and 200 mg as a tablet. Plasma concentrations, which were analysed by mass fragmentography, reached a maximum 1 – 7 hours after dosing, and then declined monoexponentially with half-lives ranging from 24 to 46 hours. The half-lives were independent of dose. The apparent distribution volume ranged from 0.79 to 1.40 l/kg. It was found that 72% of carbamazepine was bound to plasma proteins with little interindividual variation, and this was not influenced by the presence of diphenylhydantoin or phenobarbital in therapeutic concentrations. The pharmacokinetic parameters calculated from single oral doses were used to predict the steady-state plasma concentration expected after treatment with multiple doses of 200 mg three times daily. The predicted steady-state concentration was 2 – 3 times higher than that reported in patients undergoing chronic treatment with carbamazepine at this dose level, i.e. the pharmacokinetics of carbamazepine apparently change during multiple dosing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 8 (1975), S. 167-173 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Disopyramide ; haemodynamic effect ; negative inotropic effect ; anticholinergic effect ; hear failure ; man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The haemodynamic effects of disopyramide have been studied in 11 patients with manifest or imminent heart failure. Disopyramide, 2 mg per kg body weight, was given intravenously during right and left heart catheterisation. The cardiac index decreased by an average of 28% (p〈0.01); mean maximal left and right ventricular end-diastolic pressures were increased by 5.0±0.9 mm Hg (〈0.01) and 5.0±0.6 mm Hg (p〈0.05), respectively; and left ventricular systolic pressure fell slightly but significantly (p〈0.05). No significant change in right ventricular systolic pressure was seen. Pulmonary wedge pressure rose on average by 2.7 mm Hg (p〈0.05). No significant change in heart rate was observed in 5 patients with sinus rhythm. In 6 patients with atrial fibrillation, there was a significant (p〈0.01) increase in heart rate; the average increase in heart rate for the entire group was 19,6 heats per minute. The maximum effect on all the parameters occurred 7–11 minutes after the injection, and it gradually subsided during the following 10 minutes. It was concluded that disopyramide had a potentially serious myocardial depressant effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 8 (1975), S. 353-357 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Chlormethiazole ; pharmacokinetics ; man ; plasma levels ; gas-liquid chromatography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of chlormethiazole have been studied in six healthy volunteers following an intravenous infusion of the drug. The log. plasma concentration-time curve of chlormethiazole after cessation of the infusion was found to be curvilinear and was fitted therefore, by a bi-exponential equation computed by non-linear least squares regression analysis. Half-lives for the inital α-phase (0.54±0.05 h) and the terminal β-phase (4.05 ±0.60 h) were calculated together with other pharmacokinetic parameters of the two compartment open model. An explanation for the discrepancy between the presently reported plasma half-lives and those appearing in the literature has been presented. The pharmacokinetic treatment of the plasma concentration-time data obtained following intravenous infusion also enabled the prediction that the maximal systemic availability of an orally administered dose of chlormethiazole would be of the order of 15%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 8 (1975), S. 371-376 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Digoxin ; bioavailability ; plasma levels ; cumulative urinary excretion ; particle size ; man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Various brands of digoxin tablets, and even different batches of one brand, may differ greatly in bioavailability. Digoxin-Sandoz® tablets have been compared with Lanoxin® manufactured between 1969 and 1972 and after May 1972. Comparisons were also made between and within batches of Digoxin-Sandoz tablets. Three separate cross-over studies were conducted involving a total of 20 volunteers. Digoxin-Sandoz tablets were shown to have a constant bioavailability and to produce plasma concentrations very similar to “new” Lanoxin. Storage for 2 years of one batch of Digoxin-Sandoz did not alter the bioavailability. Particle size was shown to influence bioavailability. Care should be exercised when plasma data alone are interpreted as an index of bioavailability. Measures of bioavailability based on plasma data obtained up to 6 h after administration differed from those based on cumulative urinary excretion data (in this study by a factor of about 2), which can lead to the belief that a difference in bioavailability is much greater than is actually the case. Data from cumulative urinary excretion, collected over a sufficiently long period of time, are likely to be the most reliable method for determining the bioavailability of a substance such as digoxin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 8 (1975), S. 421-425 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Proscillaridin ; enteric-coated tablets ; plasma levels ; urine excretion ; 86Rb-erythrocyte assay ; man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The plasma concentration of proscillaridin was measured by a modified86Rd method during treatment with multiple doses of a commercial preparation of proscillaridin. Despite high doses, very low plasma levels were found, and there were only minute amounts of glycoside activity in urine and faeces. Administration of an enteric-coated proscillaridin preparation gave higher plasma levels, which raises the possibility of inactivation of the glycoside by acid gastric juice. The results suggest that proscillaridin has low biological availability when given orally, and that it is extensively metabolised in the body.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 20
    ISSN: 1432-1017
    Keywords: Langmuir-Blodgett Layers ; Instability ; Crystallization ; Electron Microscopy ; Infrared Spectroscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Results of an investigation of the stability of n-layers of barium stearate, cadmium arachidate and tripalmitin by means of electron microscopy and attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy are reported. Odd and even numbered barium stearate n-layers with n=1,2,3.4,5 are found to rearrange spontaneously from a regular film into ultrastructures of irregular, flat islands of varying thickness. The kinetics of the phase transformation of the first layer depends on the substrate, that of n-layers appears to be dependent on n, the temperature, and the surrounding medium. The kinetic behaviour of odd and even numbered layers is distinctly different. Similar studies on cadmium arachidate layers reveal much slower kinetics of the rearrangement process. In the case of tripalmitin n-layers it is shown that electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy yield valuable complementary information about ultrastructure and molecular structure of the layers in correlation with the rearrangement process, which also occurs with this system. Consequences of the results of this paper for work published in various fields are briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 8 (1975), S. 317-322 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Verapamil ; haemodynamics ; exercise ; man ; vascular resistance ; negative inotropism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Verapamil, 0.1 mg/kg body wt, was injected i.v. over 2 minutes in 8 subjectively healthy middle-aged men, followed by a continuous infusion of 0.007 mg/kg body wt per minute. Prior to the injection several of the subjects had raised pulmonary or systemic arterial pressures. At rest, the central pressures increased slightly, which was taken as a sign of a moderate negative inotropic effect, but there was no change in pre-ejection period or maximal dp/dt of the aortic pressure. The heart rate increased and there was a small decrease in systemic arterial pressure, probably due to a fall of systemic vascular resistance. The PQ time was prolonged. During exercise, with its positive inotropic stimulation, the moderate negative inotropic effect of verapamil disappeared, whereas the increase in heart rate and decrease in aortic pressures persisted. Some variables that reflected the oxygen demand of the heart decreased. The slight negative inotropic effect does not appear to be a particular contraindication to the use of verapamil, but it should be employed cautiously in conditions with a compensatory rise in systemic vascular resistance, or if atrioventricular conduction is impaired.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 8 (1975), S. 337-341 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Carbamazepine ; carbamamazepine-10,11-epoxide ; pharmacokinetics ; induction of metabolism ; man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Carbamazepine (Tegretol®) was administered orally to four patients as a single dose, and one week later three times daily for 15–21 days. The plasma half-lives of the drug were shorter in all patients after multiple doses (20.9±5.0 hours) than after the initial single dose (35.6±15.3 hours). During multiple doses the plasma concentrations of the metabolite carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide followed those of the parent drug. The steady-state plasma concentrations expected during multiple doses were calculated from the pharmacokinetic parameters obtained in the single dose studies. The calculated levels were higher (17.2±7.2 µg/ml) than the observed maximal concentrations (8.4±1.6 µg/ml on day 4), which were obtained 3–4 days after starting the multiple doses. The levels tended to decrease further during the experimental period. The results suggest that carbamazepine induces its own metabolism in man.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 8 (1975), S. 427-432 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Methylproscillaridin ; urinary and faecal excretion ; polar and non-polar metabolites ; man ; glucuronides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary 0.5 mg3H-proscillaridin-4-methylether was administered orally to 5 healthy males. Maximum plasma levels of total radioactivity were reached after one to two hours. In two subjects a second peak was observed between 6 and 12 hours. The plasma half life of total radioactivity was 51 hours. 20% and 56% respectively of the dose were eliminated in urine and faeces during the following 7 days. 55% of the total radioactivity in plasma, 80% in urine and 20% in faeces consisted of CHCl3-insoluble compounds. 50 – 60% of the latter in plasma and urine could be hydrolysed by β-glucuronidase. More than 90% of the split products were identified as conjugates of methylproscillaridin. TLC-separation of the CHCl3-soluble fractions of plasma and urine yielded two unidentified metabolites, P2 and P3, as the main compounds, besides methylproscillaridin, proscillaridin and scillarenin. In faeces more than 90% of the non-polar fraction was identified as methylproscillaridin. Shortly after administration of3H-methylproscillaridin, the radioactivity in plasma consisted mainly of CHCl3-in-soluble conjugates and of the metabolite P2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 104 (1975), S. 171-178 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Rhizobium ; Bacteriophage ; Electron Microscopy ; Fine Structure ; Optical Diffraction ; DNA ; “Sticky Ends” ; Partial Denaturation ; AT-GC-Map ; Computer Application
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Bacteriophage 16-6-12 of Rhizobium lupini has a long, non-contractile tail and a head which is hexagonal in outline. The tail is 140 nm in length, 11 nm in diameter, and carries a short terminal fiber. Analysis of the tail structure by optical diffraction indicates that it is of the helical “stacked disc” type. After phenol-extraction from purified particles, the DNA of phage 16-6-12 can circularize in vitro. No significant difference in contour length was observed between the linear (14.34±0.28 μm) and circular (14.44±0.24 μm) forms of molecules. After partial denaturation with alkali an AT-GC-map was constructed, which shows an asymmetric distribution of AT- and GC-rich regions. It is concluded that this phage DNA can circularize due to the presence of cohesive ends and that it is not circularly permuted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 105 (1975), S. 329-333 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Piptocephalis ; Electron Microscopy ; Sporangiospore ; Mucorales ; Freeze-Etching ; Merosporangium ; Plasmalemma ; Wall Structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Sporangiospore structure in Piptocephalis unispora Benjamin was studied using light microscopy, freeze-etching, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and compared with that of other members of the Mucorales. A merosporangial wall, plasmalemmal invaginations, and wall protuberances were demonstrated in sections and their possible significance discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 102 (1975), S. 75-83 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Fine-Structure ; Acinetobacter sp. ; Hydrocarbon Inclusions ; Electron Microscopy ; X-Ray Diffraction ; Transport of Hydrocarbons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract 1. The fine-structure analysis of the hydrocarbon oxidizing microorganism, Acinetobacter sp., demonstrated a cytoplasmic modification resulting from growth on paraffinic and olefinic hydrocarbons. 2. Intracytoplasmic hydrocarbon inclusions were documented by electron microscopy with chemical identifications obtained by gas chromatography and X-ray diffraction. 3. These results demonstrate the ability of a micro-organism to accumulate hydrocarbon substrates intracellularly which, in turn, indicates transport across the cell membrane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 102 (1975), S. 59-64 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Membrane Proteins ; Electron Microscopy ; Rhodospirillum rubrum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Intracytoplasmic membranes isolated from Rhodospirillum rubrum, mutant strain VI, were extracted with the detergent lauryl dimethyl amine oxide. Subsequently two fractions were isolated, one of which contained reaction centers and the other contained light-harvesting bacteriochlorophyll of the photosynthetic apparatus. The two fractions are compared with unextracted membranes on the basis of protein patterns obtained by different methods of polyacrylamide gelelectrophoresis. Electron micrographs of the light-harvesting bacteriochlorophyll fraction reveal the presence of vesicular membrane structures. The only difference between such membranes and unextracted membranes is identified after freeze etching. While unextracted membrane surfaces are studded with particles extracted membranes exhibit a smooth surface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 28
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Candida tropicalis ; Catalase Activity ; Development of Microbodies ; Electron Microscopy ; Utilization of n-Alkanes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Development of microbodies in Candida tropicalis pK 233 was studied mainly by electron microscopical observation. The yeast cells, precultured on malt extract, scarcely contained microbodies and showed very low catalase activity. When the precultured cells were transferred to a n-alkane medium and incubated with shaking, the number of microbodies increased and concomitantly the activity of catalase was enhanced. That is, both the area ratio of microbodies in the cell and the ratio of microbodies to cytoplasm in area increased significantly during the utilization of n-alkanes for 8 hrs. Localization of catalase in the microbodies was demonstrated cytochemically by use of 3,3′-diaminobenzidine, but other organella in the cell, except for vacuoles appearing in the early growth phase and mitochondria, were not stained with this reagent. Microbodies seemed to grow by division. Biogenesis of microbodies in the yeast cells is also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 103 (1975), S. 91-112 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Phytophthora ; Electron Microscopy ; Oogonium ; Oosphere ; Antheridium ; Oospore ; Wall Morphogenesis ; Amphigyny
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Gametangial development and oospore formation were studied, with emphasis on cell wall morphogenesis, on mated cultures (A1xA2) of Phytophthora capsici. In this species, the oogonial and antheridial hyphae interact to produce a typical amphigynous antheridium. The following developmental steps were recognized: 1) contact between oogonial and antheridial initials; 2) penetration of the antheridial initial by the oogonial initial; 3) reemergence of the oogonial initial; 4) oogonial expansion; 5) gametangial delimitation and oogonial wall thickening; 6) penetration of the oogonium by the antheridial fertilization tube; 7) oosphere formation; 8) periplasm degeneration and outer oospore wall formation; and 9) inner oospore wall formation. Electron micrographs were obtained of steps 3–9. Steps 1 and 2 were reconstructed from subsequent events. Steps 3–6 are stages of active wall formation with clear indication of intensive dictyosome activity leading to the formation of numerous wall-destined vesicles of two different sizes and electron densities. No vesicles were seen associated with the development of the inner oospore wall; however, by this stage of development the oosphere cytoplasm exhibited an overall intense electron density that obscured fine detail. Cytoplasmic appearance changed enormously during differentiation, from a developing oogonium rich in mitochondria, ribosomes, rough endoplasmic reticulum, dictyosomes and their vesicles, through an oosphere filled with large “finger-print” vacuoles and lipid-like bodies, to a mature oospore with a large central vacuole (ooplast) surrounded by a cortex of numerous lipid-like bodies; other organelles are confined to the interstitial space between these storage bodies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 104 (1975), S. 215-223 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Mesosome ; Tubular Membranes ; Fine Structure ; Electron Microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Während einer 10tägigen Inkubation als Oberflächenkultur bei 30°C durchliefen Zellen des gramnegativen Bodenbakteriums Pseudomonas rhodos drei Wachstumsphasen, die sich physiologisch und morphologisch voneinander unterschieden. Elektronemikroskopische Untersuchungen an jungen Zellen zeigten Mesosomen in typisch eingerollter Form. In alternden Zellen konnten stattdessen lose gerollte oder langgestreckte, abgeplattet-tubuläre Membransysteme gefunden werden, die als degenerierende Mesosomen gedeutet wurden. Durch Lysozym- oder Ultraschall-behandlung dieser Zellen konnten tubuläre Strukturen isoliert und durch differentielle Zentrifugation angereichert werden. Elektronenmikroskopische Aufnahmen solcher Anreicherungen zeigten lange, abgeplattete Röhren, die gelegentlich an einem Ende geschlossen erschienen. Ihr Durchmesser betrug 34±5 nm. Sie waren mit einer Substanz ausgekleidet, die durch Trypsin abgebaut werden konnte, wobei eine elektronentransparente Matrix freigelegt wurde. Isolierte Tubuli zeigten in einigen Fällen einen periodischen Feinbau aus ellipsoiden Untereinheiten. Die lichtoptische Diffraktions-analyse ergab ein Gitter von Untereinheiten, die in Schrauben mit einer 27°-Steigung angeordnet sind; die Dimensionen der Elementarzelle betragen 112×56 Å. Die Proteinnatur der Gitterkomponenten wurde aus ihrer Trypsinempfindlichkeit gefolgert. Es wird postuliert, daß diese Proteinkomponenten auf einer tubulären Membranmatrix aufgelagert sind. Form und Feinstrukturparameter unterscheiden die Tubuli deutlich von einer periodisch aufgebauten Schicht der P. rhodos-Zellwand mit tetragonalem Gitter sowie von den “polyheads” und “polysheaths” defekter Bakteriophagen. Ihre mögliche Entstehung aus intakten Mesosomen wird diskutiert.
    Notes: Abstract During a 10 day-incubation on agar surfaces at 30°C, cells of the gram-negative soil bacterium Pseudomonas rhodos pass through three phases distinguishable by physiological and morphological criteria. When viewed by electron microscopy, typically “rolled” mesosomes could frequently be observed in young cells. In aged cells instead, loosely rolled or stretched-out, flattened tubules could be discerned, presumed to be degenerate mesosomes. Tubular flattened structures have been isolated from these cells by lysozyme treatment or sonication and were concentrated by differential centrifugation. Electron micrographs of these preparations showed long, straight tubules which sometimes appeared sealed at one end. Their width was 34±5 nm. They contained a lining of material, which could be digested by trypsin leaving behind an electron-transparent matrix. In rare cases, isolated tubules showed a periodic fine structure composed of ellipsoidal subunits. Optical diffraction analysis yielded a lattice consisting of subunits arranged in helices of pitch-angle 27°; the unit cell dimensions were shown to be 112×56 Å. Owing to their sensitivity to trypsin, components of the regular lattice are supposed to consist of protein. It is postulated that these protein components are layered onto a tubular membrane. These tubules are clearly distinguishable by their shape and fine structure from the periodic structure of a P. rhodos cell wall layer, which exhibits a tetragonal pattern, and also from polyheads and polysheaths of defective bacteriophages. Their possible origin from intact mesosomes is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 31
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Islands of Langerhans ; Mitochondria ; Enzymes ; Tissue Culture ; Electron Microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Isolated islets of Langerhans from mice were maintained in tissue culture for one week at either a high (28 mM) or a low (3.3 mM) extracellular glucose concentration. Electron microscopic morphometry by means of stereological methods revealed a much greater volume of mitochondria in islet cells cultured at low glucose than in those cultured at high glucose. The former islets also showed a higher activity of the mitochondrial marker enzyme, L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA-dehydrogenase (E.C.1.1.1.35). These results indicate a true mitochondrial hypertrophy at the low glucose concentration. Although it is known from previous studies that the islet cell metabolism is diminished after low-glucose culture, the present observations of an increased mitochondrial volume probably do not reflect a degenerative process, but rather adaptive changes towards oxidation of energy yielding substrates other than glucose.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 165 (1975), S. 89-102 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Spermiogenesis (teleost) ; Microtubules ; Centriolar complex ; Electron Microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary During nuclear elongation in spermatids of Gambusia affinis, a deep fossa is formed at the base of the nucleus in which the centriolar complex and proximal portion of the flagellum reside. To stabilize the positional relationship between the nucleus and centriolar complex, while nuclear morphogenesis is taking place, a series of microtubules develop which emanate from the centriolar complex and extend to the nuclear envelope lining the fossa. Buttressing microtubules also develop within the nuclear fossa which both originate and insert along the nuclear envelope. These appear to stabilize nuclear shape prior to the time when chromatin condensation has proceeded to the stage where it could lend structural stability to nuclear form. Microtubules develop only after specific nuclear morphogenic events have taken place. It is therefore concluded that the spermatid nucleus is capable of “self-assembly” involving microtubules in a supportive role in addition to stabilizing the nuclear-flagellar relationship in G. affinis. The pattern of nuclear fossa-associated microtubules in G. affinis is significantly different from that observed in other poeciliid teleosts indicating a degree of species specificity with regard to both the timing of appearance and total number of microtubules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 156 (1975), S. 239-252 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Olfactory mucosa ; Sense organs ; Reptilia ; Electron Microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Olfactory epithelium in Tiliqua scincoides scincoides is of a loosely packed pseudostratified type. It receives secretion from the supporting cells and the underlying glands of Bowman. Its surface bears microvilli and cilia from sensory cells and microvilli from supporting cells. The vomeronasal epithelium is also pseudostratified but higher and more closely packed. Its surface carries microvilli from sensory and supporting cells but lacks cilia. Vascular connective tissue penetrates it almost to the epithelial surface but is always outlined by basal cell processes and a basal lamina. There are no secretory cells in or under the sensory epithelium but some cells in the epithelium of the mushroom body contain secretion granules. Sensory cells of both epithelia are bipolar neurons. The perikarya of the vomeronasal cells are more neuronal in character. Axonic processes are similar in both, dendrites are distinctive. Olfactory dendrites end in rounded rods bearing microvilli and cilia of an unusual type. Microvilli with filamentous cores occur on vomeronasal dendrites. There are no cilia, but 2–6 centrioles appear below the cell surface. Basal cells are structurally similar in both epithelia, but axonic processes of olfactory cells are surrounded by supporting cell processes, while vomeronasal axonic processes are surrounded by basal cells before they leave the epithelium. The presence of cilia and microvilli on the surface of the sensory cells is discussed in relation to the physical conditions surrounding them.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 34
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 276 (1975), S. 205-207 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Methylolaminen, Melaminharzen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Celluloseschicht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Identifizierung der Komponenten in einem Methylolmelamin-Gemisch mittels Dünnschicht-Chromatographie wurde möglich, nachdem die einzelnen Methylolmelamine (Mono-, Di-, Tri-, Tetra-, Penta- und Hexamethylolmelamin) rein dargestellt werden konnten. Aus der zweidimensionalen dünnschichtchromatographischen Entwicklung des Methylolmelamin-Gemisches folgt, daß während der Dauer der Entwicklung keine Änderung der Zusammensetzung des Methylolmelamin-Gemisches stattfindet. Die Chromatographie wurde auf Celluloseschichten mit Butanol/Äthanol/Wasser (4∶1∶2) als Fließmittel und ammoniakalkalischer Silbernitratlösung als Nachweisreagens durchgeführt.
    Notes: Abstract Identification of the components in a methylolmelamine mixture by thin-layer chromatography was facilitated after obtaining each of the individual methylolmelamines (mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- and hexamethylolmelamine). By the use of two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography it was noted that no change in the composition of the mixture takes place during the time of Chromatographic development. Separation was achieved on cellulose layers using butanol/ethanol/water (4∶1∶2) as solvent and ammonia-alkaline AgNO3 solution as detection reagent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 276 (1975), S. 201-204 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Glykolaldehyd, Glycerinaldehyd, Hydroxyaldehyden ; Volumetrie ; Dimere
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurden die Möglichkeiten für die titrimetrische Bestimmung von dimerem Glykolaldehyd (Fp: 94–96° C) und dl-Glycerinaldehyd (Fp: 138–141° C) untersucht. Die systematischen Fehler der auf Grund verschiedener funktioneller Gruppen durchführbaren Messungen sind von der Stabilität ihrer cyclischen Halbacetale sowie von den ihrer Depolymerisation folgenden weiteren Gleichgewichten bestimmt. Das aus dem dl-Glycerinaldehyd gebildete Halbacetal besitzt höhere Stabilität als dasjenige aus dem Glykolaldehyd. Mit der Hydrogensulfit-Methode werden 95–96%, mit der Hydroxylamin-Methode dagegen 98–99% vom wahren Wert gefunden. In Wasser gelöst zersetzt sich der Glykolaldehyd verhältnismäßig rasch, und das Gleichgewicht kann durch beide Aldehydreaktionen quantitativ gegen die Monomerenform verschoben werden. Unsere Untersuchungen ergaben, daß die Hydroxylamin-Methode zur Bestimmung der in Form cyclischer Halbacetale kristallisierenden, dimeren Hydroxyaldehyde Vorteile gegenüber der Hydrogensulfit-Methode bietet.
    Notes: Abstract Possibilities for the titrimetric determination of dimeric glycolaldehyde (m.p. 94–96° C) and dl-glyceraldehyde (m.p. 138–141° C) have been investigated. The systematic errors based on different functional groups depend on the stability of the cyclic semiacetals and on the subsequent equilibria established after their depolimerisation. The semiacetal of dl-glyceraldehyde is more stable than that of glycolaldehyde. 95–96% and 98–99% of the real content were found by the hydrogensulphite and hydroxylamine methods, respectively. Glycolaldehyde decomposes rather quickly in aqueous solution and the equilibrium can be shifted towards the monomeric form by both the aldehyde reactions. The hydroxylamine method proved to be more advantageous for the determination of the dimeric hydroxyaldehydes, which cristallise in the form of cyclic semiacetals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 36
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 277 (1975), S. 105-110 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Auswertung über die Kubelka-Munk-Funktion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Eine quantitative Auswertung von Dünnschicht-Chromatogrammen über die Kubelka-Munk-Funktion wird beschrieben. Die mathematische Ableitung erfolgt über zwei Ansätze: Differentialgleichung und hyperbolisch-trigonometrische Funktionen. Es zeigt sich, daß beim Zweiwellenlängen-Densitometer die Bestimmung absoluter Remissionswerte entfällt, und das erhaltene Meßsignal mit geringem Aufwand linearisiert werden kann. Die Auswertung erfolgt über die Peakhöhe, ermittelt durch Zig-Zag-Scantechnik (Shimadzu CS 900). Meß- und Vergleichswellenlänge sollen dicht beieinander liegen, um ähnliche Streukoeffizienten zu erhalten. Vermessen wird Coffein im Bereich von 0,25–20 μg, in dem die Linearisierung noch einwandfrei arbeitet. Der Fehler liegt als relative Standardabweichung bei 1,9% (c=4–20μg,n=15) bzw. 2,7% (c=0,25–2 μg,n=22).
    Notes: Abstract The mathematical derivation is given by two different statements: differential equation and hyperbolic-trigonometric functions. It is shown that measurement of absolute values of remission is inapplicable. The signal is easily to be linearized. The evaluation is given by the maximum peak value obtained by the zig-zag scan technique (Shimadzu CS 900). To get similar scatter values sample and reference wave-length should be tuned as close as possible. Caffeine is measured from 0.25 to 20 μg. In this range the linearizer works unobjectionably and the error as relative standard deviation is in the order of 1.9% (4–20 μg,n=15) and 2.7% (0.25–2 μg,n=22), respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 277 (1975), S. 125-125 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Sulfonamiden mit N-Bromsuccinimid ; Volumetrie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 277 (1975), S. 126-126 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Anorgan. Ionen als Xanthate ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 39
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 277 (1975), S. 207-207 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Fluorid in Wasser ; Volumetrie ; SPADNS und Thoriumnitrat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 40
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 277 (1975), S. 208-208 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Nachw. von Diphenylpyralin im Urin ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; UV-Bestimmung, N-Oxid und Desmethylderivat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 273 (1975), S. 7-9 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Coffein, Phenacetin ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Spektralphotometrie ; Kopplung mit Tischrechner
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Am Beispiel der Bestimmung von Phenacetin und Coffein im pharmazeutisch verwendeten Mengenverhältnis wird die quantitative in situ-Auswertung eines Zweikomponentensystems im on line-Betrieb: Densitometer—Integrator—Tischrechner beschrieben. Die Eichgerade wird für beide Substanzen auf jeder Platte gesondert bestimmt. Durch eine Einschränkung des Konzentrationsbereichs auf obere und untere Toleranzgrenze ergeben sich Vereinfachungen der Ausgleichsrechnungen. Die erzielten Genauigkeiten liegen bei 2 Analysen pro Platte bei 1,51% (Phenacetin) und 2,56% (Coffein) bzw. bei 4 Analysen pro Platte bei 1,50% (Phenacetin) und 2,64% (Coffein) (rel. gen. Standardabweichung, n=18 bzw. n=36).
    Notes: Abstract A TLC method for the determination of phenacetin and caffeine in pharmaceutical preparations using a densitometer in line with an integrator and electronic desk calculator is described. The calibration curves of each compound were prepared where the higher and lower tolerance concentration levels were defined. The accuracy of the method is 1.51% (phenacetin) and 2.56% (caffeine) for two experiments carried out on each plate; 1.50% (phenacetin) and 2.64% (caffeine) for four experiments for each plate (relative standard deviation, n=18 and n=36, respectively).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 273 (1975), S. 109-111 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Kohlenstoff, Wasserstoff in organ. Substanzen ; Volumetrie ; Proben von 30–300 μg
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The carbon- and hydrogen determination in 0.2–2 mg of organic sample, in which an automated titrimetric finish and a conversion of water into carbon dioxide was employed, was made suitable for samples of 30–300 μg. No radical changes in the apparatus are necessary. The time of an analysis is about 15 min or less. The standard deviation calculated from 20 analyses of sucrose is for C and H 0.23% abs. and 0.17% abs., resp.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Kohlenstoff- und Wasserstoffbestimmung in Proben von 0,2–2 mg, bei der die Verbrennungsprodukte Kohlendioxid und Wasser (nach Konversion in Kohlendioxid) titimetrisch bestimmt werden, wurde mit kleinen Abänderungen derselben Apparatur zur Bestimmung in Proben von 30–300 μg angepaßt. Die Analysendauer bleibt beschränkt auf 15 min oder weniger. Die Standardabweichung, errechnet aus 20 Analysen von Saccharose, beträgt ür C bzw. H 0,23% bzw. 0,17% abs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 43
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 273 (1975), S. 127-128 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Triterpenen in Pflanzen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; densitometrisch, pentacyclische Verb
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 273 (1975), S. 288-288 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Cäsium als Cs-Mg-Cyanoferrat(II) ; Volumetrie ; ÄDTA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 274 (1975), S. 29-29 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Hydrazin ; Volumetrie ; Oxidation mit KMnO4
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 274 (1975), S. 30-30 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Aufklärung von Morphinabbauprodukten ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 47
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 274 (1975), S. 30-30 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Eisen in Marmor ; Volumetrie ; ÄDTA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 48
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 274 (1975), S. 126-126 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Mercaptanen, Xanthogenaten, Disulfiden, organ ; Volumetrie ; N-Bromsuccinimid als Reagens
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 274 (1975), S. 265-269 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; automatisches Auftragegerät, strich- und kreisförmige Flecke
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurde ein Gerät zur automatischen Auftragung von kreisoder strichförmigen Flecken auf Dünnschicht-Platten entwickelt. 8 oder mehr gleiche Volumina verschiedener Konzentration werden in vorzuwählender Zeit auf die Schicht gebracht. Dadurch erhält man reproduzierbare Flecke, die nach dem Chromatographieren direkt auf der Schicht in Remission oder Transmission gemessen werden. Konzentrationen von Komponenten in Gemischen lassen sich mit einem relativen Fehler von 2–3,5% bestimmen. Der Zeitaufwand beträgt 5–10 min.
    Notes: Abstract An automatic device for the application of spots or bands on TLC plates has been constructed. 8 or more equal volumes of different concentrations are applied to the TLC plate in preselected time. Reproducible spots or bands are obtained, which are measured by remission or transmission directly on the plate after chromatography. Concentrations of components in mixtures can be evaluated with a relative error of 2–3.5%. The time required is 5–10 min.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 274 (1975), S. 257-264 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Katalytische Dehydrierung ; Ultramikrobereich, Apparatur, TAS-Verfahren ; Thermofraktographie/TAS-Verfahren/Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Dehydrierung, Ultramikrobereich ; Analyse von Sesquiterpenderivaten, Terpenoiden, Steroiden ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; katalyt ; Dehydrierung, TAS-Verfahren
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die direkte Kopplung einer katalytischen Dehydrierung mit der Dünnschicht-Chromatographie wird beschrieben. Die Reaktion erfolgt nach dem Prinzip der Gasphasendehydrierung durch schubweises Einspritzen der Lösung der zu dehydrierenden Verbindung in die z. B. mit Palladium-Bariumsulfat-Katalysator versehene TAS-Patrone. Die Einwaagen liegen im Bereich von 20–100 μg und die Reaktionstemperaturen je nach Verbindung zwischen 200 und 400°C. Die Reaktionsprodukte werden durch die Lösungsmitteldämpfe zur Schicht transferiert. Anschließend wird chromatographiert und die Reaktionsprodukte identifiziert. Als Anwendungsbeispiele werden Sesquiterpenkohlenwasserstoffe und -alkohole, Sesquiterpenoide des Eudesmantyps, Abietinsäure und Steroide dehydriert.
    Notes: Abstract Direct coupling of a catalytic dehydrogenation to TLC is described. The reaction takes place according to the principle of gas phase dehydrogenation by injecting the solution of the compound to be dehydrogenized in batches into the TAS-cartridge, loaded with e.g. palladium-barium sulphate catalyst. Sample size are in the range of 20–100 μg and the reaction temperatures, depending on the compound, is between 200 and 400°C. The reaction products are carried by the solvent vapours to the thin-layer and subsequently chromatographed and identified. In given examples the dehydrogenation is applied to sesquiterpene hydrocarbons and alcohols, sesquiterpenoids of the eudesman type, abietic acid and steroids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 274 (1975), S. 300-300 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Nicotin, Cotinin, Nicotin-N-oxid in Harn ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 52
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 274 (1975), S. 304-304 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Kobalt mit Tropolon ; Volumetrie ; ÄDTA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 53
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 274 (1975), S. 381-381 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Nachw. von Wasserstoffperoxid ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Fertigfolien
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 54
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 274 (1975), S. 383-383 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Xanthaten, Dithiocarbamaten ; Volumetrie ; oxidimetr., wasserunlösl
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 55
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 275 (1975), S. 28-28 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Nachw. von Organ. Verbindungen, stickstoffhaltig ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Chlorierungsreaktion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 56
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 275 (1975), S. 29-29 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Phenolen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 57
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 275 (1975), S. 30-30 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Sterigmatocystin ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Grauskala
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 58
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 275 (1975), S. 201-202 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Pesticiden, Carbamaten, Phenylharnstoffen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Schicht aus basischem Zinkcarbonat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Dünnschichten von basischem Zinkcarbonat eignen sich zur Trennung und multiplen Identifizierung von Herbiciden und Insecticiden aus den Wirkstoffgruppen der Carbamate und Phenylharnstoffderivate. Fünf Wirkstoffe, die für die Praxis große Bedeutung haben, konnten mit Hilfe der eindimensionalen Dünnschicht-Chromatographie getrennt werden. Die beste Trennung erhielten wir mit folgenden Laufmitteln: a) Benzol, b) einer Mischung aus Benzol/Petroläther/Chloroform (6∶1∶1). Die Substanzen sind entweder im kurzwelligen UV-Licht bei Indicatorzusatz, oder nach dem Sprühen mit einer 0,1 N AgNO3-Lösung in 3 N HNO3 und anschließender UV(254)-Bestrahlung zu erkennen.
    Notes: Abstract Thin layers of basic zinc carbonate can be used with good results for separation and multiple identification of carbamate and phenylurea pesticides. Five important substances could be separated by one-dimension TLC. The best results were obtained by the following developing solvents: a) benzene, b) a mixture of benzene/petroleum ether/chloroform (6∶1∶1). The substances are either recognisable in short-wave UV-light, when a fluorescence indicator (F 254 nm) is added, or in day-light, after spraying a solution of 0.1 N AgNO3 in 3 N HNO3, followed by an UV-exposure for about 4 min.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 59
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 275 (1975), S. 204-204 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Nitrit ; Volumetrie ; Oxidation mit Dichromat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 60
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 275 (1975), S. 206-206 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Blei, Cadmium, Quecksilber, Zink ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 61
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 275 (1975), S. 275-279 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Bindung von Alkalien durch ÄDTA ; Volumetrie ; dilatometrischer Endpunkt
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Mit Hilfe dilatometrischer Titrationen wird der komplexe Einbau von Alkaliionen in das ÄDTA-Chelatsystem verfolgt. Die Auswertung der Titrationskurven erlaubt einerseits die Angabe der pK-Werte für die einzelnen Komplexe, andererseits die Berechnung des Hydrathüllenvolumens der Alkaliionen. Außerdem kann gezeigt werden, daß Li- und Na-Ionen, sofern sie sich im Überschuß befinden, mit ÄDTA Ionenpaare bilden.
    Notes: Abstract The incorporation of alkali ions into the EDTA chelate system is followed by the dilatometric titration method. Evaluation of the titration curves permits, on one hand, the determination of the pK values for the individual complexes and, on the other hand, it allows the calculation of the volume of hydration sphere. Moreover, it can be shown that Li and Na ions, so long they are present in excess, form ion pairs with EDTA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 62
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 275 (1975), S. 287-287 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Thioharnstoffen, Mercaptanen mit Phenyljodosoacetat ; Volumetrie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 63
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 276 (1975), S. 301-302 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Pesticiden, Carbamaten, Phenylharnstoffen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Schichten aus verschiedenen Polyamid-Chargen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 64
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 276 (1975), S. 189-191 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Metallionen ; Volumetrie ; ÄDTA, alkalimetr. Methode
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die in der Komplexometrie zur Bestimmung von einigen Metallionen angewandte alkalimetrische Titration, die auf der Bestimmung der bei der Bildung von ÄDTE-Metallkomplexen freiwerdenden H+ beruht, wurde unter Anwendung der Glaselektrode weiterentwickelt. Durch die Weiterentwicklung konnte eine bequemere Arbeitsweise mit einfacher Indikation bei großer Genauigkeit erzielt werden. Die Methode ist für ungepufferte Lösungen von Cd, Co, Cu, Mn(II), Pb und Zn anwendbar. Hg und Ca müssen in 50% äthanolischer Lösung titriert werden. Die relative Standardabweichung beträgt ca. ± 0,3%.
    Notes: Abstract The EDTA-titration for the determination of various metal ions by alkalimetry (based on the determination of H+ set free during the formation of EDTA-metal complexes) was further developed by using the glass electrode. With the improved method it was possible to make the determination more comfortable with a simple indication and a good accuracy. It is suitable for unbuffered solutions of Cd, Co, Cu, Mn(II), Pb and Zn. Hg and Ca must be titrated in 50% ethanolic solution. The relative standard deviation is approximately ± 0.3%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 65
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 276 (1975), S. 382-382 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Aminen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...