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  • Books  (33)
  • Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser  (33)
  • English  (33)
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  • English  (33)
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  • 1
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    Current Challenges in Statistical Seismology (2016)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: seismology ; statistics
    Description / Table of Contents: This special issue emerged following the 2013 8th International Statistical Seismology (StatSei8) workshop in Beijing. The articles within have been collected to report on exciting new research in statistical seismology methods and applications; it contains a collection of the newest methods, techniques and results related to statistical analysis of earthquake occurrence and earthquake probability forecasting. The articles within ultimately help to define future research directions in the field. Especially, the rapid development of observation technologies has brought geophysical research into the big-data era. This includes not only non-seismicity geophysical data, such as GPS observation on surface displacement, InSAR observation of the co-seismic deformation, ionospheric observations, etc., but also extended seismological data including slow earthquakes, tremor, and VLF earthquakes. The subject of statistical seismology bridges the gap between physical and statistical models. Many significant achievements have been accomplished during the last several decades, including formulation of conditional intensity models for quantifying seismicity rates, earthquake probability forecasts, and theories related to rigorous testing of forecast models.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 322 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783319289663
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/173/1/
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    Tsunami Science: Ten years after the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami : Volume II (2016)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: Tsunami ; Indian Ocean
    Description / Table of Contents: Ten years ago, on December 26, 2004, one of the world’s most destructive natural disasters occurred. A magnitude Mw 9.1 earthquake (third strongest ever instrumentally recorded) generated a global tsunami that killed about 230,000 people along the coasts of 14 countries in the Indian Ocean and propagated as far as the North Pacific and North Atlantic Oceans. Since then, various countries from around the globe contributed major funding to tsunami research and mitigation, enabling the installation of hundreds of new high-precision instruments, the development of new technology and the establishment of more modern communication systems. As a result, incredible progress has been achieved in tsunami research and operation during the ten years after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. The papers presented in this second of two special volumes of Pure and Applied Geophysics reflect the state of tsunami science during this time, including two papers devoted to global observations. Five papers provide new findings specifically in the Indian Ocean. Eight papers cover Pacific Ocean studies, focusing mainly on the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami. Remaining papers in the volume describe studies in the Atlantic and Mediterranean and general tsunami source studies. The volume is of interest to scientists and practitioners involved in all aspects of tsunamis from earthquake source processes to transoceanic wave propagation and coastal impacts. Postgraduate students in geophysics, oceanography and coastal engineering – as well as students in the broader geosciences, civil and environmental engineering – will also find the book to be a valuable resource, as it combines recent case studies with advances in tsunami science and natural hazards mitigation.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 406 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034809597
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/172/12/
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Tsunamis in the Pacific Ocean: 2011-2012 (2015)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: Tsunami ; Pacific Ocean
    Description / Table of Contents: The 2011 Tohoku earthquake generated a catastrophic tsunami that killed nearly 20,000 people along the coast of Japan and caused the nuclear disaster at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. The tsunami propagated throughout the Pacific Ocean and also affected many other countries, including Russia, the USA, New Zealand, French Polynesia and Chile, demonstrating once again the terrible threat that tsunami waves pose for Pacific countries and the need for basin-wide international scientific collaboration. Following a brief introduction, this volume presents 21 scientific papers, including 12 on aspects of the 2011 Tohoku event. A first group of papers provides detailed field survey results from the coasts of Japan and Russia and examines the wave dynamics on the basis of these surveys, the source mechanism of the earthquake, and the far-field impacts of the Tohoku tsunami. The second group reports on the 2012 tsunamis in El Salvador, the Philippines, off the east coast of Honshu and the landmark Haida Gwaii event off the west coast of British Columbia, Canada, while the papers in a third set discuss a number of remaining challenging questions in tsunami science and warning. The volume will be of interest to scientists and practitioners involved in all aspects of tsunamis from earthquake source processes to transoceanic wave propagation and coastal impacts. Postgraduate students in geophysics, oceanography and coastal engineering – as well as those in the broader geosciences, civil and environmental engineering – will also find the book a valuable resource, as it combines recent case studies with the latest advances in tsunami science and natural hazards mitigation.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 366 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034808644
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/171/12/
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    Mathematics and Geosciences: Global and Local Perspectives, Volume I (2015)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: geosciences ; mathematics
    Description / Table of Contents: Mathematical models and methods are required for diverse studies in Geosciences and simultaneously, new problems are posing new needs where Mathematics is needed. At the initiative of American and Canadian research mathematical institutes and societies, year 2013 was declared a thematic year in Mathematics and the Planet Earth, under the patronage of UNESCO. To mark the MPE2013, and highlight the two-way street between Mathematics and Earth Sciences, the workshop “Mathematics and Geosciences: Global and Local Perspectives” was hold in Madrid at ICMAT from 4-8 November, 2013. This is the first volume of the Topical Issue on “Mathematics and Geosciences: Global and Local Perspectives” and contains 13 papers, most of which were presented at the congress. They address different topics under both global and local perspectives such as the percolation theory to observe micro seismicity in fracking, fractional differential analysis to model complex dynamics, climate change, earthquake statistics, earth rotation, geomagnetic field, fire models, Mars exploration, numerical methods in meteorology and environmental conservation, probabilistic models in study of soils and fluid mechanics. This volume addresses the interest of scientists of many of the branches in Earth Sciences as well as postgraduate students, covering both approaches, applied and theoretical ones, to solve different problems in Geosciences with the help of mathematical models and methods.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 198 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034809290
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/172/1/
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    Seismogenesis and Earthquake Forecasting: The Frank Evison Volume II (2010)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: This special issue of Pure and Applied Geophysics is the second of two volumes containing an augmented collection of papers originating from the Evison Symposium on Seismogenesis and Earthquake Forecasting held in Wellington, New Zealand, in February 2008. The volumes honor Frank Evison's interest in earthquake generation and forecasting. This volume includes descriptions of earthquake forecasting test centers through the Collaboratory for the Study of Earthquake Predictability (CSEP) program and the first results from the Regional Earthquake Likelihood Model (RELM) experiment in California. Other papers discuss methods of testing predictions, in particular by the use of error diagrams. There is discussion of prediction methodologies using seismicity, including an application of the statistical technique of Hidden Markov Models to identify changes in seismicity and a new technique for identifying precursory quiescence. Several papers employ other data besides seismicity, such as geologically determined faults, calculations of stress changes via Coulomb stress modeling, tomographically determined velocity structure, groundwater, crustal deformation, and comparisons of real earthquakes to synthetic seismicity determined from hypothesized earthquake physics. One paper focuses on the prediction of human casualties in the event that a large earthquake occurs anywhere on the globe. The volume will be useful to students and professional researchers who are interested in the earthquake preparation process and in converting that understanding into forecasts of earthquake occurrence.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (274 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034604994
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/167/8/
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    Advanced Seismic Hazard Assessment, Part II : Regional Seismic Hazard and Seismic Microzonation Case Studies (2011)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: Earthquake predition ; Ground motion prediction ; Neo-deterministic seismic hazard assessments ; Probabilistic seismic hazard assessments ; Seismic risk analysis ; Seismic wave propagation
    Description / Table of Contents: Issues pertaining to urban risks are a pressing concern for those involved in disasters mitigation. Development of effective mitigation strategies requires sound seismic hazard information that is commonly derived through a seismic hazard assessment (SHA). The purpose of SHA is to provide a scientifically consistent estimate of seismic hazard for engineering design and other considerations. The time is ripe to move beyond the old paradigms of the traditional Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA). This two-part volume advocates advanced methods for SHA that utilize up to date earthquake science and basic scientific principles to derive the seismic hazard in terms of a ground motion or related quantity and its occurrence frequency at a site, as well as the associated uncertainty. It aims to: 1) identify the issues in the current SHAs, 2) facilitate the development of a scientifically consistent approach for SHA and 3) disseminate, both in scientific and in engineering practice societies, advanced reliable tools for independent hazard estimates, like NDSHA (neo-deterministic SHA), which incorporates physically based ground motion models. It provides a fresh approach to seismic hazard analysis. Part 2 provides advanced SHA case studies, concerning regional national and metropolitan estimates for different parts of the world, including Asia, Europe, North and South America. It is addressed to seismologists, engineers and stake-holders, and aims to contribute to bridging between modern interdisciplinary research and practitioners.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (320 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034800914
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/168/3/
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    Advanced Seismic Hazard Assessment, Part I : Seismic Hazard Assessment (2011)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: Earthquake predition ; Ground motion prediction ; Neo-deterministic seismic hazard assessments ; Probabilistic seismic hazard assessments ; Seismic risk analysis ; Seismic wave propagation
    Description / Table of Contents: Issues pertaining to urban risks are a pressing concern for those involved in disasters mitigation. Development of effective mitigation strategies requires sound seismic hazard information that is commonly derived through a seismic hazard assessment (SHA). The purpose of SHA is to provide a scientifically consistent estimate of seismic hazard for engineering design and other considerations. The time is ripe to move beyond the old paradigms of the traditional Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA). This two-part volume advocates advanced methods for SHA that utilize up to date earthquake science and basic scientific principles to derive the seismic hazard in terms of a ground motion or related quantity and its occurrence frequency at a site, as well as the associated uncertainty. It aims to: 1) identify the issues in the current SHAs, 2) facilitate the development of a scientifically consistent approach for SHA and 3) disseminate, both in scientific and in engineering practice societies, advanced reliable tools for independent hazard estimates, like NDSHA (neo-deterministic SHA), which incorporates physically based ground motion models. It provides a fresh approach to seismic hazard analysis. Part 1 deals with the general issues of SHA methodology review and development, as well as with recent advances in earthquake science that may have relevant implications toward an improved SHA. It is addressed to seismologists, engineers and stake-holders, and aims to contribute to bridging between modern interdisciplinary research and practitioners.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (366 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034800396
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/168/1/
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  • 8
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    Deformation and Gravity Change, Volume II : Indicators of Isostasy, Tectonics, Volcanism, and Climate Change (2010)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: climate change ; gravity change ; isostasy ; tectonics ; volcanism ; deformation ; geodynamic process
    Description / Table of Contents: During the last decades, the monitoring and modelling of various geodynamic processes have gained ever increasing importance. In particular, temporal variations of the deformation and gravity fields recorded by new types of geodetic measuring techniques and reflecting isostatic, tectonic or volcanic processes in the earth's interior as well as climatologically induced changes on its surface have opened new avenues. The present volume succeeds a similar topical volume published in 2007 and reflects the most recent developments in these fields of research. Part of the papers in this book were presented at the second workshop on 'Deformation and Gravity Change: Indicators of Isostasy, Tectonics, Volcanism and Climate Change' that took place at the Casa de los Volcanes on Lanzarote, Spain, during March 27-30, 2007. It was jointly organized and supported by the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science, the Spanish Council for Scientific Research and the Cabildo Insular de Lanzarote. The workshop also served as the second meeting of the members of the IAG Working Group ICCT2 on 'Dynamic Theories of Deformation and Gravity Fields'.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (373 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034601474
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/166/8/
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  • 9
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    Tsunamis in the World Ocean: Past, Present and Future, Volume I (2011)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: Tsunami ; Natural Hazards
    Description / Table of Contents: The Tsunami from the 1960 Chilean earthquake affected the entire Pacific Ocean and motivated the international coordination on tsunami research and warning systems around the Pacific. However, the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami affected the entire world, and reminded that tsunamis are not a local or regional problem but a global issue. This volume contains 18 papers, mostly presented at the 24th International Tsunami Symposium held in 14-16 July 2009. They reflect the current state of tsunami science, including case studies of earthquake-generated tsunamis, tsunami forecasting and hazard assessments, and theoretical and computational modeling of tsunami generation, propagation and coastal behavior.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (290 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034801874
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/168/6/
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  • 10
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    Seismogenesis and Earthquake Forecasting: The Frank Evison Volume I (2010)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: This special issue of Pure and Applied Geophysics is one of two volumes containing an augmented collection of papers originating from the Evison Symposium on Seismogenesis and Earthquake Forecasting held in Wellington, New Zealand, in February 2008. The volumes honor Frank Evison's interest in earthquake generation and forecasting. A biography of Frank Evison and a list of his publications is included, as well as review papers and new research papers in the field. The volume includes papers related to Frank's most abiding interest of precursory earthquake swarms. The research contributions cover a range of current forecasting methods such as the Epidemic-Type Aftershock model, the Every Earthquake a precursor According to Scale model, Pattern Informatics, Reverse Tracing of Precursors, stochastic models of elastic rebound, and methods for handling multiple precursors. The methods considered employ a variety of statistical approaches to using previous seismicity to forecast future earthquakes, including regional and global earthquake likelihood models and alarm-type forecasts. The forecast time-frames of interest range from the short time-frame associated with clustering of aftershocks to the long time-frame associated with recurrence of major earthquakes. A recurring theme is the assessment of forecasting performance, whether by likelihood scores, skill scores, error diagrams, or relative operating characteristic tests. The volume will be useful to students and professional researchers who are interested in the earthquake preparation process and in converting that understanding into forecasts of earthquake occurrence.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (250 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034604970
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/167/6/
    Language: English
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  • 11
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    Mechanics, Structure and Evolution of Fault Zones (2010)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: fault surfaces ; fault zones
    Description / Table of Contents: Considerable progress has been made recently in quantifying geometrical and physical properties of fault surfaces and adjacent fractured and granulated damage zones in active faulting environments. There has also been significant progress in developing rheologies and computational frameworks that can model the dynamics of fault zone processes. This volume provides state-of-the-art theoretical and observational results on the mechanics, structure and evolution of fault zones. Subjects discussed include damage rheologies, development of instabilities, fracture and friction, dynamic rupture experiments, and analyses of earthquake and fault zone data.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (381 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034601375
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/166/10/
    Language: English
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  • 12
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    Recent Advances in Nuclear Explosion Monitoring (2010)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: nuclear explosion monitoring ; nuclear test ban ; seismology ; acoustics
    Description / Table of Contents: This topical volume focuses on the most recent advances that have been achieved in relevant fields of research of nuclear test ban monitoring, including seismology, infrasound- and hydro-acoustics, as well as nuclear physics and atmospheric backtracking. This research has been presented during the special sessions on "Research and Development in Nuclear Explosion Monitoring" convened during the 2007 and 2008 General Assemblies of the European Geosciences Union (EGU). The special sessions were introduced after the Preparatory Commission for the Comprehensive Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO Prepcom) had convened a scientific symposium in 2006 on "CTBT: Synergies with Science 1996-2006 and beyond" marking the tenth anniversary of the United Nations General Assembly’s adoption of the CTBT Treaty. With regard to the seismo-acoustic fields several papers provide important updates on advances made in these fields since publication of ‘Monitoring the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty’ (see PAGEOPH topical volumes 158-159, 2001-2002). Moreover, this topical volume expands on these publications by including radionuclide and noble gas monitoring, as well as atmospheric transport modeling. In these two areas, significant progress has been made in recent years. Two papers studying the 2006 North Korean nuclear test elucidate how progress made in the relevant fields has allowed for a good understanding on the characteristics of this underground nuclear test.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (246 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034603706
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/167/4/
    Language: English
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  • 13
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    Monitoring Induced Seismicity (2010)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
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    Keywords: engineering ; geophysics ; mining ; monitoring technology ; seismic monitoring ; seismic tomography ; seismology ; stress re-distribution
    Description / Table of Contents: Stress re-distribution as a result of exploitation of mineral, hydrocarbon, geothermal, and water resources cannot be eliminated. The effort must be directed to a better understanding of the underlying processes for the management of the hazard and risk associated with these operations. The study of induced seismicity has continually evolved over the past couple of decades, as underlined by both the number and complexity of applied studies required to satisfy the increased economic demands, assure the safety of the workforce and equipment, and protect the environment. A considerable effort has been put into the development of passive monitoring technology, specialized products and services being available for a wide range of applications. The recording of substantial high quality seismic data has stimulated the work on theoretical and practical aspects related to these applications, involving not only seismological knowledge, but also elements of rock mechanics, and an understanding of mining, geotechnical, and petroleum engineering. Pure and Applied Geophysics has largely contributed to raising the profile of induced seismicity research and its credibility. The range of specific analyses included in the present collection of studies expresses how powerful and resourceful passive seismic monitoring has become to so many applications. Seismic data are routinely evaluated for a series of development activities specific to each application. Engineering practice is continually improved based on trials and analyses of the ground response and stress levels, confirmed through the monitoring of seismicity. We are better equipped than ever to provide management decisions based on formalized, quantitative, and thus objective assessment.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (213 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034603058
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/167/1/
    Language: English
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  • 14
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    Historical and Recent Catastrophic Tsunamis in the World, Volume I : The 2011 Tohoku Tsunami (2013)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: Tohoku Earthquake ; Tsunami effects on coastal infrastructure and buildings ; data analysis, real time assessment and modelling ; historical comparison ; tsunami impacts and effects in Japan
    Description / Table of Contents: The 2011 Tohoku earthquake generated a tsunami that caused severe damage including 20,000 casualties in Japan. The tsunami also affected other Pacific coasts, including the Kuril Islands, the USA, French Polynesia, the Galapagos Islands, Australia, and New Zealand. This volume contains an introduction and 21papers, mostly presented at the 25th International Tsunami Symposium held 1-4 July 2011, only four months after the tsunami. They report seismological aspects of the event related to the tsunami warning, the tsunami impacts and effects in Japan and around the Pacific, analyses of instrumental tsunami data and modelling.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 405 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034806992
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/170/6/
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  • 15
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    Satellite Technologies in Geoinformation Science (2015)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
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    Keywords: airbone and satellite technologies ; geoinformation methods ; object-based image analysis ; remote sensing or observational platforms ; spatial interpolation and modelling ; statistical and geostatistical inference
    Description / Table of Contents: This topical volume covers a wide range of multidisciplinary topics, the common theme of which is processing of remotely-acquired spatial data using geo information methods. Satellite or airborne technologies and geo information itself provide powerful tools for solving numerous scientific problems in the geosciences, as they utilize geophysical principles and offer geophysicists new data and methods. Accordingly, this topical volume focuses on six key topics, presenting research applications of satellite or airborne technologies in geodynamics, geomorphology, meteorology and climatology, hydrology and limnology, oceanography and cartography. These applications make use of numerous remote sensing or observational platforms, including: Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS), Rapid Eye, Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM), Landsat-7, Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+), Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR), Lunar Laser Ranging (LLR), Doppler Orbitography and Radio positioning Integrated by Satellite (DORIS), as well as several altimetric and gravimetric satellite missions. The remotely-sensed data are processed using various geo information techniques, e.g. spatial interpolation and modeling, object-based image analysis, statistical and geo statistical inference and visualization. The volume addresses the interests of scientists and practitioners whose work is related to processing remote sensing data using geoinformation methods. Postgraduate students of geography, geodesy, cartography and geophysics – as well as students of the broader geosciences – will also find the book to be a valuable resource, as it brings together numerous satellite and airborne technologies with geospatial processing methods, presents case studies and examines most applications in the context of basic geophysical principles.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (309 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034808491
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/171/6/
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    Recent Advances in Nuclear Explosion Monitoring, Volume II (2014)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: Fukushima power plant accident ; acoustic and infrasonic analysis ; analysis of radionuclear releases ; nuclear test ban monitoring ; seismic monitoring and atmospheric backtracking
    Description / Table of Contents: This volume is a follow-up of PAGEOPH Topical Volume 167 (2010) and again reports on the latest advances in science and technology that have been achieved to monitor compliance with the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT). This progress in the development and testing of new sensor technologies and analysis methodologies in all relevant scientific disciplines improves the detection, location and characterization of CTBT-relevant events. In particular the latter poses a challenge for smaller events, where natural or manmade but CTBT-irrelevant sources can generate false positive events. Being able to effectively identify these events while maintaining a minimum risk of missing a nuclear explosion is the overall challenge. The 29 papers in this volume can be structured into 16 waveform studies, eight contributions in the field of radionuclide monitoring and related atmospheric backtracking, and five papers related to on-site inspection or overhead detection of relevant events, with many of these originally presented at a special session on “Research and Development in Nuclear Explosion Monitoring” at the most recent annual General Assemblies of the European Geosciences Union (EGU). The volume addresses the interests of scientists and practitioners whose work is related to the CTBT relevant applications and technologies in the fields of seismology, hydro-acoustics, infra-sound, meteorology and nuclear physics.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 442 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034808187
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/171/3/
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    Deformation and Gravity Change, Volume III : Indicators of Isostasy, Tectonics, Volcanism, and Climate Change (2012)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: analysis of GPS measurements ; elliptical model for deformation ; ground and space geodesy ; ice-mass change ; time-variable gravity fields
    Description / Table of Contents: This book is the third of a series highlighting this topic of major importance for recent developments in geodynamics. Temporal variation of deformation and gravity fields recorded by geodetic measuring techniques (either from ground surface or space) and reflecting isostatic, tectonic or volcanic processes in the earth's interior as well as hydrologic, oceanographic or climatic processes, have made a basic tool for research and monitoring. Part of the papers collected in this topical volume were presented at the 3rd Workshop on “Deformation and Gravity Change: Indicators of Isostasy, Tectonics, Volcanism and Climate Change” which took place at the Casa de los Volcanes on Lanzarote, Spain, during February 23-26, 2009. The book addresses researchers and graduate students in the Earth sciences, who are interested in surface and crustal processes, as well as geotechnical engineers.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (209 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034804608
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/169/8/
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    Tsunamis in the World Ocean: Past, Present and Future, Volume II (2012)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: Tsunami ; Natural Hazards
    Description / Table of Contents: The tsunami from the 1960 Chilean earthquake affected the entire Pacific Ocean and motivated the international coordination of tsunami research and warning systems around the Pacific. However, the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami affected the entire world, and reminded that tsunamis are not a local or regional problem but a global issue. This volume contains 15 papers, mostly presented at the 24th International Tsunami Symposium held on 14-16 July 2009 in Novosibirsk, Russia. They reflect the current state of tsunami science, including studies of recent tsunamis, tsunami statistics and warning, and modeling tsunami runup and inundation.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 233 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034802338
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/168/11/
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  • 19
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    Geodynamics of the Mexican Pacific Margin (2011)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
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    Description / Table of Contents: “Geodynamics of the Mexican Pacific Margin” presents the results of studies from various disciplines whose common goal is to better understand the complex geodynamic processes that exist along the Pacific margin of Mexico. The seventeen papers include contributions in the fields of seismology, marine geophysics, geomorphology, petrology, geodesy, and subductology presented by investigators from Mexico, France, Spain, and the USA. These contributions illustrate why the Mexican Pacific margin is fertile ground for investigating a wide and rare combination of current geodynamic processes such as subduction, continental rifting and associated seismicity, deformations and magmatism. The volume will be useful to a diverse group of investigators whose interests include the geodynamics of western Mexico in particular, and geodynamics in general.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (284 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034801966
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/168/8/
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  • 20
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    Brittle Deformation of Solid and Granular Materials with Applications to Mechanics of Earthquakes and Faults (2012)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: brittle damage ; dynamics of earth materials ; earthquake fault zones ; granular mechanics ; nonlinear deformation
    Description / Table of Contents: Earthquake fault zones exhibit hierarchical damage and granular structures with evolving geometrical and material properties. Understanding how repeated brittle deformation form the structures and how the structures affect subsequent earthquakes is a rich problem involving coupling of various processes that operate over broad space and time scales. The diverse state-of-the-art papers collected here show how insight can come from many fields including statistical physics, structural geology and rock mechanics at large scales; elasticity, friction and nonlinear continuum mechanics at intermediate scales; and fracture mechanics, granular mechanics and surface physics at small scales. This volume will be useful to students and professional researchers from Earth Sciences, Material Sciences, Engineering, Physics and other disciplines, who are interested in the properties of natural fault zones and the processes that occur between and during earthquakes.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 302 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034802536
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/168/12/
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    Data Assimilation and its Applications (2012)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
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    Keywords: Bayesian and non-Bayesian techniques ; application to meteorology, ocean and air quality ; genetic algorithm ; multidimensional variational methods ; novel estimation methods for environmental variables
    Description / Table of Contents: Data assimilation is a novel, versatile methodology for estimating atmospheric and oceanic variables. The estimation of a quantity of interest via data assimilation involves the combination of observational data with the underlying dynamical principles governing the system under observation. This volume contains many original findings in data assimilation and its applications related to atmospheric, oceanic and environmental systems. This covers various data assimilation techniques with in Bayesian and non-Bayesian framework ranging from Least-Square, nudging, three dimensional variational (3DVAR), four-dimensional variational (4DVAR), Local Ensemble Kalman filter, Genetic algorithm etc. This also covers the applications to extreme weather event, hurricane, Asian summer monsoon, structure of the barrier layer in the equatorial Pacific ocean and identification of emission sources. This volume will be useful as a reading material in graduate level courses dealing with data assimilation and its application to meteorology, ocean and air quality. The scientific community at large especially younger scientists will find this book a useful addition to their personal and institutional libraries.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 286 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034804417
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/169/3/
    Language: English
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    Fog and Dew Observations and Modeling (2012)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: chemical composition of dew ; fog microphysics ; fog simulations ; remote sensing ; temporal and spatial variation of fog
    Description / Table of Contents: This topical issue of the Journal of Pure and Applied Geophysics focuses on research related to dew and various types of fog occurring around the globe which was presented on July 25-30, 2010, at the 5th International Conference on Fog, Fog Collection, and Dew in Münster, Germany. The areas of knowledge in this field include surface in-situ and remote sensing observations of fog, dew, fog collection, applications of the various fog models (such as 1D, 2D, and 3D fog and forecasting models), microphysical parameterizations, and climatology. This volume gives a very good review of the existing knowledge and highlights the remaining difficulties in predicting and measuring fog at various scales of time and space. It also represents an important step in the direction of addressing new scientific challenges in fog and dew related research, teaching, and operational applications. Students as well as researchers, who are interested either in fog, in association with cloud physics, physical meteorology, aviation meteorology, climatology, weather forecasting and nowcasting, or in other adjacent disciplines like hydrometeorology, environment, and agriculture, will benefit from consulting and reading this topical issue. This publication was significantly supported by the Canadian National Search And Rescue (SAR) Secretariat by funding the Fog Remote Sensing and Modeling (FRAM) Project led by Dr. Ismail Gultepe since 2005.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 408 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034804561
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/169/5/
    Language: English
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    Historical and Recent Catastrophic Tsunamis in the World, Volume II : Tsunamis from 1755 to 2010 (2014)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: Tsunami DART observations ; Tsunami early warning ; Tsunami risk management ; probabilistic tsunami hazard study
    Description / Table of Contents: The 2010 tsunamis generated in Haiti, Chile, and Indonesia caused various damage on the coasts. In the past, the 1755 Lisbon, 1964 Alaska, and 2003 Algeria earthquakes also generated damaging tsunamis. This volume contains an introduction and 18 papers, mostly presented at the 25th International Tsunami Symposium held 1-4 July 2011. They report the above tsunamis and discuss tsunami DART observations, warning systems, risk management in the Pacific, modelling of earthquake and landslide tsunamis, and probabilistic tsunami hazard assessment.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 311 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034807029
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/170/9/
    Language: English
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    Earthquake Hazard Evaluation (2013)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
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    Keywords: earthquake generation process ; earthquake source physics ; earthquake statistics for forecasting ; hazard caused large earthquakes and tsunamis ; numerical simulation studies ; propagation of seismic waves and tsunamis
    Description / Table of Contents: This book presents a series of numerical simulation studies of the earthquake generation process and the evaluation of the hazards caused by large earthquakes and tsunamis, drawn from three distinct topical areas. First, recent research results on earthquake source physics are introduced, which can be used as input for hazard evaluation studies. Then, propagation of seismic waves and tsunamis is discussed, connecting what happens at the source with the resulting damage. Finally, earthquake statistics for forecasting are discussed, a practical application of our knowledge for the mitigation of earthquake and tsunami disasters. This book is suitable for graduate students who are interested in the earthquake generation process and its application in the future. It also will serve researchers who want or need to know how to evaluate the damage due to earthquakes and tsunamis.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 246 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034805872
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/170/1/
    Language: English
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    Earthquake Source Physics on Various Scales (2015)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: seismology ; earthquake
    Description / Table of Contents: Earthquake rupture is a process of remarkable complexity. Over the past few decades, scientists have become aware of its high variability on all scales as well as its wide dynamic range. At the same time, a thorough understanding of the seismic source process is a key element of reliable earthquake ground motion prediction. The present book contains a comprehensive collection of contributions originating from the 2012 ECGS Workshop Earthquake Source Physics on Various Scales, held in Luxembourg. The seventeen articles in this volume cover theoretical and observational aspects of the earthquake source process, ranging from tiny, laboratory-generated M -6 events to the source complexity and radiated energy of the world’s greatest earthquakes. Among other aspects, the papers provide new insights into the relationship of earthquake recurrence time with fault frictional parameters, how the results of lab-based friction experiments relate to observational source studies, and how geometrical source complexity can be quantified. In particular, several papers are devoted to the question whether small and large earthquakes scale self-similarly or if they show differences in their dynamic source characteristics, which is one of the most hotly debated aspects of modern seismology. The volume provides an integrated view of the current state-of-the-art knowledge on the earthquake source process on all scales and will be useful to students and professional researchers who are interested in these phenomena.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 330 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034808675
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/171/10/
    Language: English
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    Properties and Processes of Crustal Fault Zones : Volume II (2015)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: fault zone ; earthquake processes
    Description / Table of Contents: Recent theoretical developments, acquisitions of large seismic and other data sets, detailed geological studies and novel laboratory experiments offer new opportunities for advancing the understanding of fault zone and earthquake processes. The present and a previous volume provide broad state-of-the-art perspectives on earthquakes and crustal fault zones. Subjects discussed in this volume include imaging of fault zones and the crust, microstructural analyses of fault zone rocks, long paleoseismic record, inferences on stress, stress drops and fault geometries, properties of dynamic ruptures, generation and healing of rock damage, temporal changes of attenuation, postseismic deformation and scaling of earthquake source properties. The volume will be useful to students and professional researchers from Earth Sciences, Material Sciences, Physics and other disciplines, who are interested in properties and processes of earthquakes and faults.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 379 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034809238
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/172/5/
    Language: English
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    Properties and Processes of Crustal Fault Zones : Volume I (2015)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: fault zone ; earthquake processes
    Description / Table of Contents: Recent theoretical developments, acquisitions of large seismic and other data sets, detailed geological studies, and novel laboratory experiments offer new opportunities for advancing the understanding of fault zone and earthquake processes. The present and a follow up volume provide broad state-of-the-art perspectives on earthquakes and crustal fault zones. Subjects discussed in this volume include fluids and faulting, characterization of fault zone materials, seismic ground motion, geodetic deformation, seismicity and hazard, imaging fault zone structures, experiments on fault evolution, and damage-based rheologies for shear deformation. The volume will be useful to students and professional researchers from Earth Sciences, Material Sciences, Physics and other disciplines, who are interested in properties and processes of earthquakes and faults.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 312 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034808767
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/171/11/
    Language: English
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    Tsunami Science: Ten years after the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami : Volume I (2015)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: Tsunami ; Indian Ocean
    Description / Table of Contents: This is the first volume of a collection of essays focusing on progress in tsunami science since the great tsunami of 26 December. A magnitude Mw 9.1 earthquake (third strongest ever instrumentally recorded) generated a global tsunami that killed about 230,000 people along the coasts of 14 countries in the Indian Ocean and propagated as far as the North Pacific and North Atlantic. Since then, various countries from around the globe contributed major funding to tsunami research and mitigation, enabling the installation of hundreds of new high-precision instruments, the development of new technology and the establishment of more modern communication systems. As a result, incredible progress has been achieved in tsunami research and operation during the ten years after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. The papers presented in this first of two special volumes of Pure and Applied Geophysics reflect the state of tsunami science during this time. Eight papers are related to case studies highlighting regional hazards around the globe, while five papers record progress in tsunami warning systems. Benchmark studies that describe the accuracy of numerical models for tsunami impact, as well as a variety of inundation and generation studies, are presented by 7 additional papers.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 390 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034809115
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/172/3/
    Language: English
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    Multihazard Simulation and Cyberinfrastructure (2016)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: multihazard simulations ; Tsunami
    Description / Table of Contents: This issue contains 16 papers, presenting work on tsunami hazards, earthquakes, and related computational infrastructure. The integration of multihazard simulations and remotely sensed observations is providing enormous benefits to earthquake and tsunami research. Earthquakes cause damage, but also generate tsunamis, which create additional damage. Remotely sensed observations coupled with geologic field measurements and simulations contribute to our understanding of earthquake processes, which is necessary for mitigating loss of life and property from these damaging events. This book focuses on assimilation of remotely sensed observations to advance multihazards simulation. This capability provides a powerful virtual laboratory to probe earthquake behavior and the earthquake cycle. Hence, it offers a new opportunity to gain understanding of the earthquake nucleation process, precursory phenomena, and space-time seismicity patterns needed for breakthrough advances in earthquake forecasting and hazard quantification.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 250 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034809443
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/172/8/
    Language: English
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    Fractals and Dynamic Systems in Geoscience (2016)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
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    Keywords: dynamic systems ; fractals
    Description / Table of Contents: Chaotic dynamic systems and non-linear processes, together with the resulting fractals and multifractals, are fundamental for analyzing data and understanding processes in the Earth and Environmental Sciences. Many processes and phenomena, poorly recognized only a few years ago, now can be studied and understood with the help of conceptual models from the fields of fractals and dynamics systems. This represents a bold step towards understanding how planet Earth works. The twenty-one papers presented in this volume reflect the state of fundamental and applied research on fractals and dynamic systems in Geoscience, from magma dynamics to geomorphology, from seismology to space science. The volume is of interest to scientists using fractals, multifractals, non-linear dynamics and chaos theory for analyzing complex datasets, as those arising from geological and geophysical processes. Postgraduate students and students in various fields of geoscience as well as physics and applied mathematics will also find the book to be a valuable resource for a clear view of the leading-edge research on fractals and dynamic systems in Geoscience.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 302 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034809351
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/172/7/
    Language: English
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    Earthquake Early Warning System : Applications to the Ibero-Maghrebian Region (2016)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: earthquake ; early warning ; EEWS
    Description / Table of Contents: The present topical volume presents a collection of contributions from a workshop that took place in Madrid in February 2014. Earthquake Early Warning System (EEWS) are a rather recent development in seismology that allows issue warnings to a site with a short lead-time about the impending arrival of the largest strong ground motion from an earthquake, after the first wave arrivals have been detected nearer to the source by adequate sensors. The Ibero-Mahgrebian region, containing Portugal, Spain, Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia, is subject to the occurrence of large earthquakes that may be followed by large tsunamis, as was the case of the Lisbon earthquake of 1755.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (V, 148 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034809412
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/172/9/
    Language: English
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    Mathematics and Geosciences: Global and Local Perspectives, Volume II (2016)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: geosciences ; mathematics
    Description / Table of Contents: This is the second volume of the topical issue “Mathematics and Geosciences: Global and Local Perspectives” which embraces 21 papers on different topics relating to Mathematics and Geosciences. They address different topics under both global and local perspectives, such as a method for calculating probabilities for large events in systems such as earthquakes, typhoons, etc.; the use of the Laplace–Fourier-domain full waveform inversion technique to deep-sea seismic data; discrete element modeling; step-edge detection filters, study of a transition zone of the Narmada-Son lineament; integral formulae for recovering the sub-crustal stress from terrestrial gravimetric data; numerical simulations of earthquake fault systems and their use to estimate gravity changes; application of Gaussian clustering to joint interpretation of seismic and magnetotelluric data; on the reliability and fidelity of archaeomagnetic and volcanic records to recover the past evolution of the Earth’s magnetic field; the study, for the first time, of variations in absolute surface geostrophic currents (SGC) using satellite data only; discussion of the inconsistency of IAU2000 non-rigid earth nutation model; the study of nonlinear anisotropic diffusive filtering applied to the ocean´s MDT; the numerical solution of a nonhydrostatic ocean model; Hydrological-Hydraulic models; Steiner rearrangement of a function to study the effectiveness of chemical reactors for the treatment of wastewaters; GNSS software; the study of the fractal dimensions for the identification of bedrock lithology; the study of the Uruk archaeological site (southern Iraq) by integrated geophysical methods; mathematical model for patchy landscapes; study of pore space soil structure; and the results of comparison between transverse electric-type fields and between transverse magnetic and transverse electromagnetic fields. As the previous one, volume II addresses the interest of scientists of many of the branches in Earth Sciences as well as postgraduate students, covering both approaches, applied and theoretical ones, to solve many different problems in Geosciences with the help of mathematical models and methods.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 330 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783319327044
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/173/3/
    Language: English
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    Current Topics on Deformation Monitoring and Modelling, Geodynamics and Natural Hazards (2016)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: modelling ; modeling ; geodynamics ; natural hazards
    Description / Table of Contents: Geodynamic and natural hazards processes produce among other effects deformation and gravity changes which can be measured, using space and ground-based techniques. It is widely recognized that obtaining high temporal rate and high spatial resolution data over wide areas could enhance our mapping capability of such hazardous processes. However, it is also necessary to develop new mathematical (analytical and/or numerical) models and methods for a correct interpretation and, eventually forecast. This book is dedicated to the description of theoretical models, inversion techniques and their application to observational geodetic and geophysical data sets in active geodynamic areas and affected by natural hazards. This book compiles part of the papers presented at the 15th Annual conference of the International Association for Mathematical Geosciences held in Madrid, Spain during September 2-6, 2013. This conference had the special topic of “Mathematics of the Planet Earth” emphasizing the recent importance of modelling in our understanding of Geoscience problems. In this regard, the session XIII “Deformation modelling, Geodynamics and Natural Hazards” served to discuss modelling and observational works of structural and deformation processes (e.g., geodesy, seismology) relevant to the study of Geodynamics and Natural Hazards.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 306 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034809566
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/172/11/
    Language: English
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