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  • 1
    Unknown
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Keywords: IUGG Tsunami Commission ; Indian Ocean ; Pacific Ocean ; Sumatra-Andaman earthquake ; Tsunami ; seismology ; Tsunami warning system
    Description / Table of Contents: Tsunamis like the Indian Ocean tsunami caused by the Sumatra-Andaman earthquake in 2004 or the Chilean earthquake in the Pacific Ocean in 1960 motivate international collaborations for the development of tsunami warning systems. Since 1960 the Tsunami Commission, established by the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics, has been holding a biannual International Tsunami Symposium (ITS). This volume contains 20 contributions of leading scientists mostly presented at the 22nd International Tsunami Symposium held in summer 2005 in Greece. Consolidated findings based on hydrophone records, seismometer readings, and tide gauges are presented. Reports of post-tsunami surveys and numerical simulations for tsunamis such as the 2004 Indian Ocean event, as well as geological studies of tsunamis in Japan, Central and North America are given. Probabilistic tsunami hazard analysis and tsunami warning systems, among others, are described as are methods to predict tsunamis and mitigate their hazards.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (392 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783764383633
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Keywords: Tohoku Earthquake ; Tsunami effects on coastal infrastructure and buildings ; data analysis, real time assessment and modelling ; historical comparison ; tsunami impacts and effects in Japan
    Description / Table of Contents: The 2011 Tohoku earthquake generated a tsunami that caused severe damage including 20,000 casualties in Japan. The tsunami also affected other Pacific coasts, including the Kuril Islands, the USA, French Polynesia, the Galapagos Islands, Australia, and New Zealand. This volume contains an introduction and 21papers, mostly presented at the 25th International Tsunami Symposium held 1-4 July 2011, only four months after the tsunami. They report seismological aspects of the event related to the tsunami warning, the tsunami impacts and effects in Japan and around the Pacific, analyses of instrumental tsunami data and modelling.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 405 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034806992
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Keywords: Tsunami DART observations ; Tsunami early warning ; Tsunami risk management ; probabilistic tsunami hazard study
    Description / Table of Contents: The 2010 tsunamis generated in Haiti, Chile, and Indonesia caused various damage on the coasts. In the past, the 1755 Lisbon, 1964 Alaska, and 2003 Algeria earthquakes also generated damaging tsunamis. This volume contains an introduction and 18 papers, mostly presented at the 25th International Tsunami Symposium held 1-4 July 2011. They report the above tsunamis and discuss tsunami DART observations, warning systems, risk management in the Pacific, modelling of earthquake and landslide tsunamis, and probabilistic tsunami hazard assessment.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 311 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034807029
    Language: English
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  • 4
    Keywords: Tsunami ; Indian Ocean
    Description / Table of Contents: Ten years ago, on December 26, 2004, one of the world’s most destructive natural disasters occurred. A magnitude Mw 9.1 earthquake (third strongest ever instrumentally recorded) generated a global tsunami that killed about 230,000 people along the coasts of 14 countries in the Indian Ocean and propagated as far as the North Pacific and North Atlantic Oceans. Since then, various countries from around the globe contributed major funding to tsunami research and mitigation, enabling the installation of hundreds of new high-precision instruments, the development of new technology and the establishment of more modern communication systems. As a result, incredible progress has been achieved in tsunami research and operation during the ten years after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. The papers presented in this second of two special volumes of Pure and Applied Geophysics reflect the state of tsunami science during this time, including two papers devoted to global observations. Five papers provide new findings specifically in the Indian Ocean. Eight papers cover Pacific Ocean studies, focusing mainly on the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami. Remaining papers in the volume describe studies in the Atlantic and Mediterranean and general tsunami source studies. The volume is of interest to scientists and practitioners involved in all aspects of tsunamis from earthquake source processes to transoceanic wave propagation and coastal impacts. Postgraduate students in geophysics, oceanography and coastal engineering – as well as students in the broader geosciences, civil and environmental engineering – will also find the book to be a valuable resource, as it combines recent case studies with advances in tsunami science and natural hazards mitigation.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 406 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034809597
    Language: English
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  • 5
    Unknown
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Keywords: Tsunami ; Pacific Ocean
    Description / Table of Contents: The 2011 Tohoku earthquake generated a catastrophic tsunami that killed nearly 20,000 people along the coast of Japan and caused the nuclear disaster at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. The tsunami propagated throughout the Pacific Ocean and also affected many other countries, including Russia, the USA, New Zealand, French Polynesia and Chile, demonstrating once again the terrible threat that tsunami waves pose for Pacific countries and the need for basin-wide international scientific collaboration. Following a brief introduction, this volume presents 21 scientific papers, including 12 on aspects of the 2011 Tohoku event. A first group of papers provides detailed field survey results from the coasts of Japan and Russia and examines the wave dynamics on the basis of these surveys, the source mechanism of the earthquake, and the far-field impacts of the Tohoku tsunami. The second group reports on the 2012 tsunamis in El Salvador, the Philippines, off the east coast of Honshu and the landmark Haida Gwaii event off the west coast of British Columbia, Canada, while the papers in a third set discuss a number of remaining challenging questions in tsunami science and warning. The volume will be of interest to scientists and practitioners involved in all aspects of tsunamis from earthquake source processes to transoceanic wave propagation and coastal impacts. Postgraduate students in geophysics, oceanography and coastal engineering – as well as those in the broader geosciences, civil and environmental engineering – will also find the book a valuable resource, as it combines recent case studies with the latest advances in tsunami science and natural hazards mitigation.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 366 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034808644
    Language: English
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  • 6
    Keywords: Tsunami ; Indian Ocean
    Description / Table of Contents: This is the first volume of a collection of essays focusing on progress in tsunami science since the great tsunami of 26 December. A magnitude Mw 9.1 earthquake (third strongest ever instrumentally recorded) generated a global tsunami that killed about 230,000 people along the coasts of 14 countries in the Indian Ocean and propagated as far as the North Pacific and North Atlantic. Since then, various countries from around the globe contributed major funding to tsunami research and mitigation, enabling the installation of hundreds of new high-precision instruments, the development of new technology and the establishment of more modern communication systems. As a result, incredible progress has been achieved in tsunami research and operation during the ten years after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. The papers presented in this first of two special volumes of Pure and Applied Geophysics reflect the state of tsunami science during this time. Eight papers are related to case studies highlighting regional hazards around the globe, while five papers record progress in tsunami warning systems. Benchmark studies that describe the accuracy of numerical models for tsunami impact, as well as a variety of inundation and generation studies, are presented by 7 additional papers.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 390 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034809115
    Language: English
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2006-06-01
    Description: The 26 December 2004 tsunami severely affected Somalia, with some 300 deaths at a distance of 5,000 km from the epicenter of the magnitude 9.0 earthquake. Somalia's physical characteristics allowed a detailed assessment of the far-field impact of a tsunami in the main propagation direction. The UNESCO mission surveyed five impacted towns south of the Horn of Africa along the Puntland coast in northern Somalia: Eyl, Bandarbeyla, Foar, Xaafuun, and Bargaal. The international team members visited Somalia during 2–10 March 2005. The team measured tsunami runup heights and local flow depths on the basis of the location of watermarks on buildings and eyewitness accounts. Maximum runup heights were typically on the order of 5–9 m. Each measurement was located by means of global positioning systems (GPS) and was photographed. Numerous eyewitness interviews were recorded on video.
    Print ISSN: 8755-2930
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8201
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2006-06-01
    Description: An International Tsunami Survey Team (ITST) conducted field surveys of tsunami effects on the west coast of northern and central Sumatra and offshore islands 3–4 months after the 26 December 2004 tsunami. The study sites spanned 800 km of coastline from Breuh Island north of Banda Aceh to the Batu Islands, and included 22 sites in Aceh province in Sumatra and on Simeulue Island, Nias Island, the Banyak Islands, and the Batu Islands. Tsunami runup, elevation, flow depth, inundation distance, sedimentary characteristics of deposits, near-shore bathymetry, and vertical land movement (subsidence and uplift) were studied. The maximum tsunami elevations were greater than 16 m, and the maximum tsunami flow depths were greater than 13 m at all sites studied along 135 km of coastline in northwestern Sumatra. Tsunami flow depths were as much as 10 m at 1,500 m inland. Extensive tsunami deposits, primarily composed of sand and typically 5–20 cm thick, were observed in northwestern Sumatra.
    Print ISSN: 8755-2930
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8201
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2004-08-01
    Description: We investigate the tsunami hazard associated with the Catalina Fault offshore of southern California. Realistic faulting parameters are used to match coseismic displacements to existing sea floor topography. Several earthquake scenarios with moment magnitudes ranging between 7.0 and 7.6 are used as initial conditions for tsunami simulations, which predict runup of up to 4 m. Normalizing runup with the maximum uplift identifies areas susceptible to tsunami focusing and amplification. Several harbors and ports in southern California lie in areas where models predict tsunami amplification. Return periods are estimated by dividing the modeled seafloor uplift per event by the observed total uplift of the Santa Catalina Island platform multiplied by the time since the uplift began. The analysis yields return periods between 2,000 to 5,000 years for the Catalina Fault alone, and 200 to 500 years when all offshore faults are considered.
    Print ISSN: 8755-2930
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8201
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2006-06-01
    Description: A field survey of earthquake and tsunami effects was conducted in the region around Banda Aceh in northern Sumatra. The field data included visual observations of watermarks, which were located via handheld GPS units and then photographed. Where possible, watermarks were surveyed along cross-shore profiles to determine runup height. Additional information on wave arrival and behavior—including the timing and the number of waves—was collected through interviews with witnesses and survivors and from video recorded during the tsunami event. These data were used in conjunction with satellite imagery obtained before and shortly after the earthquake to describe the effects of the tsunami and earthquake in terms of runup height, inundation distance, flow depth, levels of structural damage, shoreline erosion, and earthquake-related subsidence. This data set is far from complete, and additional information is needed to fully assess the tsunami effects in northern Sumatra.
    Print ISSN: 8755-2930
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8201
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
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