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  • Cham :Springer International Publishing :  (3.224)
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  • 1
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    The 3-rd Order Polynomial Fit Coefficients of Electron Lifetime Caused by Interaction with Chorus Waves (2024)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-10
    Beschreibung: In near-Earth space, a large population of high-energy electrons are trapped by Earth’s magnetic field. These energetic electrons are trapped in the regions called Earth’s ring current and radiation belts. They are very dynamic and show a very strong dependence on solar wind and geomagnetic conditions. These energetic electrons can be dangerous to satellites in the near-Earth space. Therefore, it is very important to understand the mechanisms which drive the dynamics of these energetic electrons. Wave-particle interaction is one of the most important mechanisms. Among the waves that can be encountered by the energetic electrons when they move around our Earth, whistler mode chorus waves can cause both acceleration and the loss of energetic electrons in the Earth's radiation belts and ring current. Using more than 5 years of wave measurements from NASA’s Van Allen Probe mission, Wang et al (2019) developed chorus wave models which depend on magnetic local time (MLT), Magnetic Latitude (MLat), L-shell, and geomagnetic condition index Kp. To quantify the effect of chorus waves on energetic electrons, we calculated the bounce-averaged quasi-linear diffusion coefficients using the chorus wave model developed by Wang et al (2019) and extended to higher latitudes according to Wang and Shprits (2019). Using these diffusion coefficients, we calculated the lifetime of the electrons with an energy range from 1 keV to 2 MeV. In each MLT, we calculate the lifetime for each energy and L-shell using two different methods according to Shprits et al (2007) and Albert and Shprits (2009). We make the calculated electron lifetime database available here. Please notice that the chorus wave model by Wang et al (2019) is valid when Kp 〈= 6. If the user wants to use this lifetime database for Kp 〉6, please be careful and contact the authors.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
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  • 2
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    Rewetted Peatland_GHG analysis Code: software packages (R and Matlab) for the calculation of greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes at a rewetted peatland (2024)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-22
    Beschreibung: This publication provides the codes produced for the article "Temporally dynamic carbon dioxide and methane emission factors for rewetted peatlands. Nature Communications Earth and Environment" by Aram Kalhori, Christian Wille, Pia Gottschalk, Zhan Li, Josh Hashemi, Karl Kemper, and Torsten Sachs (https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01226-9). In the article, the authors estimate the cumulative GHG emissions of a rewetted peatland in Germany using the long-term ecosystem flux measurements. They observe a source-to-sink transition of annual carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes and decreasing trend of methane (CH4) emissions. This software is written in R and MATLAB. Running the codes ([R files and .m files](Code)) and loading the data files ([CSV files and .mat files](Data)) requires the pre-installation of [R and RStudio] (https://posit.co/downloads/) and ([MATLAB]. The RStudio 2022.07.2 Build 576 version has been used for the R scripts. The land cover classification work was performed in QGIS, v.3.16.11-Hannover. Data were analyzed in both MATLAB and R and plots created with R (R Core Development Team 2020) in RStudio®.
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 3
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    Long-term CO2 and CH4 flux measurements and associated environmental variables from a rewetted peatland (2024)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-22
    Beschreibung: The data provided here is an exemplary dataset for the flux site Zarnekow from one year (2018). The complete dataset that is needed to run the codes for all the years can be obtained from the European Fluxes Database Cluster under site ID DE-Zrk (Sachs et al., 2016) or provided upon request. This repository is intended to provide the necessary MATLAB and R code to reproduce the results by Kalhori et al. (2024). The data are provided as zip folder containing (1) a csv file with associated definition of variables and units (file: 2023-004_Kalhori-et-al_README_2018_units.txt), (2) a shapefile (file: 2023-004_Kalhori-et-al_2018_LAiV_DOP.shp) and (3) a Geotiff (file: 2023-004_Kalhori-et-al_2018_LAiV_DOP.tiff).
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
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  • 4
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    Soil and spring water gas data from an area with natural hydrogen (H2) degassing, NW Pyrenean foreland, France (2024)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-02-28
    Beschreibung: This data set contains the results from a 2023 GFZ Innovative Research Expedition project to explore for natural hydrogen gas (H2) occurrences in the NW Pyrenean foreland, near the town of Biarritz in France. The data represent in-situ measurements of soil and spring water gas, as well as in-situ spring water property measurements, complemented with laboratory analysis results of gas contents and noble gas isotopic compositions of gas and spring water samples collected during the expedition. This GFZ Innovative Research Expedition was inspired by previous exploration efforts in the region by Lefeuvre et al. (2021, 2022). These authors detected elevated concentrations of natural H2 gas in the soil and interpreted this natural H2 to be derived from serpentinizing mantle rocks below the Pyrenees. The main aims of this expedition were the following: (1) in-situ measuring soil gas contents and taking soil gas samples for laboratory analysis at a site near the town of Peyrehorade in the NW of the general study area of Lefeuvre et al. (2021), thus improving the soil gas data coverage along the NW end of the North Pyrenean Frontal Thrust (NPFT); (2) taking gas samples from degassing springs (or water samples from non-degassing springs to be degassed in the lab) in the general Lefeuvre et al. (2021) study area for additional laboratory analysis of gas contents and noble gas isotopic compositions, which may be indicative of (deep) gas origins; and (3) performing a detailed soil gas analysis by means of a portable mass spectrometer at Sauveterre-de-Béarn, a site along the NPFT where Lefeuvre et al. (2022) measured elevated concentrations of natural H2 in the soil. Furthermore, we also measured the properties of the visited springs (temperature, pH, conductivity) while on site, and performed additional in-situ soil gas measurements from manual drillholes. Details on the measurement and sampling methods, on the laboratory analyses, as well as the results of these measurements and analyses are provided in the data description file The expedition involved six field days in July 2023, during which a total of 26 sites were visited. These sites were selected for their vicinity near a major geological contact or fault zone that could have facilitated upward circulation of gas or (thermal) water from the (deep) subsurface (i.e., potentially from the mantle).
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 5
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    CRM-geothermal - geochemical results of drill core material, scaling and salt precipitates at Tuzla, Seferihisar and Dikili geothermal sites, Eastern Turkey (2024)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-05-22
    Beschreibung: The EU funded project CRM-geothermal aims to establish an overview of the potential for critical raw materials (CRM) in geothermal fluids across the EU and third countries (Ref). Within this framework, the geothermal sites of Tuzla, Seferihisar and Dikili in eastern Turkey have been visited in March 2023. To estimate the potential of CRM at these sites, a comprehensive sampling program was performed. Rock samples (drill gravel) of the production borehole and scaling from gas-water separators were obtained. Furthermore, sampling of geothermal fluids (gas and brine) and precipitates (salt) along the production line was performed. Here, the results of the geochemical analyses of solid sample materials (drill gravel, scales and salt) are presented. All analyses were performed in the ElMiE-Lab (Elements and Minerals of the Earth Laboratory) at German Research Centre for Geosciences Potsdam, Germany (https://labinfrastructure.geo-x.net/laboratories/8). For their major and minor element compositions, bulk samples of drill gravel and scales were analyzed with XRF and ICP-MS, respectively. Salt precipitates were analyzed for dry loss and mineral composition using XRD
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 6
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    Survey of critical raw materials in Tanzania East African Rift geothermal araes (2024)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-05-22
    Beschreibung: In autumn 2022, an expedition to Tanzania was undertaken within the framework of the research project “CRM-geothermal” and Scintific Priority Program (SPP) 2238 “Dynamics of Ore Metal Enrichment”. Within „CRM-geothermal“ we are looking for an environmentally friendly co-production of critical raw materials together with the provision of geothermal energy. In the EARS, high levels of rare earth elements (REE), Sr, Ba and Mg are expected in waters and solids in areas with alkaline volcanic rocks, while other critical elements, including helium, have been sought in other localities. In particular, the eastern branch is the most juvenile sector and has increased geothermal potential related to hot fluids migrating along permeable faults. Tanzania was crossed from north to south, along the eastern arm of the EARS, to collect gas, water, rock and sediment samples associated with natural hot springs, lakes and vents. On site, physical and chemical parameters were measured in-situ and documented together with the geology, infrastructure and the domestic use of the hot site. In the south, existing drill sites and geothermal development areas were visited and gas and water samples were taken from boreholes and rocks sampled from drill cores. The survey covered 13 sites, from Lake Natron in the north to Lake Malawi in the south (see map).
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 7
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    Lead(II) biosorption experiments of the fungus Penicillium citrinum under geothermal conditions (2024)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-05-17
    Beschreibung: This dataset is the result of an experimental series that was carried out in September/October 2022 at GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany to observe biosorption of lead under extreme conditions. Synthetic solutions, simulating the geothermal fluids from the Heemskerk geothermal power plant were were prepared in 30 ml glass vials (Rotalibo screw neck ND24 EPA). To prepare the stock solutions, sodium chloride (NaCl, 99.8 %, Cellpure, Merck, DE) was added at 265 g/L and Pb(II), in form of lead nitrate (Pb(NO3 )2 , Merck, DE), at 1 g/L to ultrapure water. To assess the impact of acetic acid on lead biosorption, two treatments were done: one without acetic acid and one where acetic acid (100 %, Merck, DE) was added at 60 mg/L. Finally, dead biomass of the fungus Penicillium citrinum was added in the samples at a concentration of 4 g/L (Wahab et al., 2017). The samples were incubated in an autoclave at a pressure of 8 bars on a rotative shaker. The temperature was set at 25 °C, 60 °C or 98 °C with three contact times (1, 2 and 3 h). All treatments were performed in triplicates. For each treatment, two controls without biomass were done. Control samples without the addition of NaCl were done in duplicate, at 25 °C and for 2 h. After incubation, samples were filtered through a 0.22 µm nitrocellulose filter (Sartorius Stedim Biotech, FR) to separate the biomass from the liquid. The biomass on the filters was dried for 24 h at 45 °C before being scraped from the filter and kept in a Falcon tube at room temperature.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
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  • 8
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    Surface deformation and topography data from analogue modelling experiments addressing triaxial tectonics in regions of distributed extension (2024)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-05-03
    Beschreibung: This data set includes the results of high-resolution digital elevation models (DEM) and digital image correlation (DIC) analysis applied to analogue modelling experiments. Twenty generic analogue models are extended on top of a rubber sheet. Two benchmark experiments are also reported. Detailed descriptions of the experiments can be found in Liu et al. (submitted) to which this data set is supplement. The data presented here are visualized as topography and the horizontal cumulative surface strain (principal strain and slip rake).
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 9
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    CRM-geothermal - Gas chemical measurements at the Tuzla, Seferihisar and Dikili geothermal fields, Turkey (2024)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-05-27
    Beschreibung: To enhance the EU's economic autonomy, feasible options for local sourcing of critical raw materials that would allow for shorter supply routes along with ethical and responsible value chains are under contemplation. Social acceptance of mining in Europe is, however, low, and the establishment of new mining sites faces strong public opposition. Therefore, innovative solutions for the production of primary raw materials need to be developed. A new idea for raw material extraction is the extraction of essential elements from geothermal fluids. Deep geothermal fluids, increasingly used for energy production, often contain high concen-trations of dissolved ions and gases in commercially interesting concentrations. The EU-funded project CRM-geothermal aims to develop new technologies to extract these highly relevant elements, including helium, during geothermal production cycles. In this way, an environmentally friendly and socially acceptable exploration and exploitation method could be deployed. One aim of the CRM-geothermal project is to gain an overview of the actual quantities of critical raw materials in various geothermal fluids in Europe by taking and analyzing fluid samples. In Turkey for instance, classical high enthalpy (volcanic) systems exist, which are representative for many geothermal areas worldwide. The sites are located at the edges of tectonic plates and close to areas undergoing volcanic activity. The brines are mixed with seawater and circulate in the deeper crust. The data publication contains analyses results of three gas samples from Tuzla, two samples from Seferihisar geothermal power plant and one sample from the Dikili geothermal field in Turkey, taken in 2023 as part of the CRM-geothermal project.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
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  • 10
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    REHEATFUNQ: A Python package for the inference of regional aggregate heat flow distributions and heat flow anomalies (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2023-06-12
    Beschreibung: The REHEATFUNQ Python package helps to work with the (residual) scatter of surface heat flow even in small regions. REHEATFUNQ uses a stochastic model for regional aggregate heat flow distributions (RAHFD), that is, the collected set of heat flow measurements within a region marginalized to the heat flow dimension. The stochastic model is used in a Bayesian analysis that (1) yields a posterior estimate of the RAHFD which captures the range of heat flow within the analysis region, and (2) quantifies the magnitude of a surface heat flow anomaly within the region, for instance through the generating frictional power. The stochastic model underlying REHEATFUNQ views heat flow data, uniformly sampled across the region of interest, as a random variable. A gamma distribution is used as a model for this random variable and information from the global data set of Lucazeau (2019) is introduced by means of a conjugate prior (Miller, 1980). The detailed science behind the model is described in Ziebarth et al. (202X). The analysis by Ziebarth et al. (202X) can be reproduced through the Jupyter notebooks contained in the subdirectory “jupyter/REHEATFUNQ/”. The location specified in the map below covers the region to which REHEAFUNQ is applied in this analysis. REHEATFUNQ is a Python package that uses a compiled Cython/C++ backend. Compiling REHEATFUNQ requires the Meson build system and a number of scientific libraries and Python packages (and their dependencies) that are listed in the documentation. A Docker image “reheatfunq” is provided as an alternative means of installation. The Docker image comes in two flavors, specified in “Dockerfile” and “Dockerfile-stable”. The former is based on the current “python:slim” image and downloads further dependencies through the Debian package manager, leading to a short image generation time. The latter bootstraps the REHEATFUNQ dependencies from source, aiming to create a reproducible model. To do so, “Dockerfile-stable” depends on the sources contained in “vendor-1.3.3.tar.xz”. If you plan to build the stable image, download both “REHEATFUNQ-1.3.3.tar.gz” and “vendor-1.3.3.tar.xz”, and see the README contained in the latter. Later versions of the “REHEATFUNQ” archive are compatible with the latest “vendor” archive. A quickstart introduction and the API documentation can be found in the linked documentation.
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 11
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    Helgioland GNSS hourly time series positioning for 2017-2021 (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2023-06-12
    Beschreibung: This dataset includes 1-hour GNSS coordinate product processed by GFZ. The observations are from the two GNSS station installed by BKG on the small offshore island of Heligoland in the North Sea. These products are hourly position time series (North, East and Vertical). The 30-second daily RINEX files since 2020 are downloaded from BKG. Together with 5 IGS stations in Europe, the collected RINEX data are processed with the Earth Parameter and Orbit System (EPOS) software from GFZ. The EPOS software uses un-difference carrier phase and pseudo-range observables from GPS and GLONASS L1 and L2 frequencies. They formed an ionosphere-free linear combination to remove the first-order ionosphere effect in the observation. The phase center variation (PCV/PCO) of the satellite and ground station antenna are corrected by IGb14. The station deformation caused by ocean tide loading is modeled by the FES2004 model. Apriori zenith hydro-static/non-hydro-static delay is obtained using the Global Pressure and Temperature model (GPT2) and Vienna mapping functions (VMF) in a 6-hour grid file database. To ensure consistency in the GNSS data analysis, we took the GNSS precise satellite orbits as well as clock products from the 2nd reprocessed (before 2014) and routine (since 2015) yield by EPOS software. The same station parameters are set up as used for the GNSS orbit and clock estimation. All the GNSS data were processed in units of 24 hours periods. The estimated parameters are (i) the receiver clock error for every epoch as white noise, (ii) the hourly station coordinates, (iii) daily tropospheric gradients, (iv) the daily inter-system clock bias for GLONASS, and (v) 2-hour tropospheric wet zenith delays with random-walk constrain.
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 12
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    Spectral decomposition results for the SCEC-Community Stress Drop Validation study (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2023-06-12
    Beschreibung: The Community Stress Drop Validation Study has been organized as a technical activity group (TAG) of SCEC (Southern California Earthquake Center) with the aim of investigating the source parameters of the 2019 Ridgecrest seismic sequence in California. Information about the stress drop TAG are available trough the benchmark web-page (https://www.scec.org/research/stress-drop-validation). Several groups applied different techniques to a shared data set with the objective of extracting source parameters (e.g. seismic moment and corner frequency) and in turn to estimate the stress drop. We applied a spectral decomposition approach known as generalized inversion technique (GIT) and the overall analyses are presented in a series of two articles (Bindi et al 2023a; Bindi et al 2023b). Results in the form of files, figures, and tables are disseminated through this archive.
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 13
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    University of Potsdam Experimental 3D-3C Array (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2023-06-12
    Beschreibung: The network consists of a vertical borehole array equipped with 3C sensors (geophones) for the analysis of swarm earthquakes in the Western Bohemia / Vogtland area located in the German/Czech border region. A surface array is completing the 3D observation of the wave field with 3C sensors (geophones). Waveform data is available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 6A, and is embargoed until FEB 2035.
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 14
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    Stable oxygen isotope ratios of tree-ring cellulose from oak (Quercus robur) at Lake Tiefer See, Mecklenburg Lake District, Northeastern Germany (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2023-06-12
    Beschreibung: An annually resolved chronologies of oxygen isotopes from five living oak (Quercus robur) trees have been measured from tree ring cellulose covering up to the last 180 years (1836CE – 2020CE). This tree-ring stable isotope data set was established within the ‘Terrestrial Environmental Observatories’ (TERENO) of the Helmholtz Association. The site “Lake Tiefer See” is subject to the TERENO monitoring activities at the Northeast German Lowland Observatory coordinated by the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam. The data set comprises the δ18O records with respect to the international VSMOW standard. Lake Tiefer See (53°350 N, 12°320 E) is located 90 km NNW of Berlin in the morainic terrain of the NE-German Polish Basin. It is part of in the N–S trending Klocksin Lake Chain. The sampled trees are growing at the southern shore of the lake. Fifteen co-dominant Quercus robur tree individuals were cored at about 1.3m above ground from two opposite positions using an increment corer of 5 mm diameter (Suunto, Finland or Mora, Sweden).
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 15
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    Quantitative mineralogy, mineral chemistry and microtex-tural data on the UG2 chromitite intruded by iron-rich ul-tramafic pegmatite (IRUP) at the Thaba Mine, northwest-ern Bushveld Complex, South Africa (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2023-06-12
    Beschreibung: Discordant iron-rich ultramafic pegmatites (IRUPs) intersect the UG2 chromitite at many places in the Bushveld Complex but the effects on ore grade and mineralogy have rarely been studied in detail. We investigated a drillcore profile through the UG2 layer affected by IRUP intrusions at Tha-ba mine, NW Bushveld. The work involved quantitative assessment of the ore mineralogy from mineral liberation analysis (MLA), chemical analyses of the main silicate and oxide minerals by elec-tron microprobe (EPMA) and micro-X-ray fluorescence (micro-XRF) element maps of the UG2-IRUP contacts. The data reveal features of UG2-IRUP interaction at different scales. The micro-XRF study of the contacts shows that a thin layer of Fe-Ti-Cr spinel and ilmenite formed on the IRUP side, while chromite on the UG2 side underwent grain coarsening with loss of interstitial space, and developed chemical gradients in Cr, Al, Fe and Ti. On a larger scale, the MLA data document changes in ore and gangue mineral assemblages through most of the meter-thick UG2 layer. This includes formation of secondary hydrous silicates, replacement of PGE- sulfides by PGE alloys and PGE- As-Sb-Bi-Te-Pb phases, and formation of secondary Ni-Cu-Fe sulfides after pentlandite and chalcopyrite.
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 16
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    SAM: Simplified Analytical Model of Dyke Pathways in Three Dimensions (2023)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2023-06-12
    Beschreibung: SAM ("Simplified Analytical Model") is a MatLab-based software that allows for fast and flexible simulations of three-dimensional dyke pathways in an elastic medium. The model was first introduced in "Mechanical modeling of pre-eruptive magma propagation scenarios at calderas" (Mantiloni, L. et al. 2023). In SAM, dykes are modelled as penny-shaped cracks of fixed radius, opening against the local direction of the least-compressive principal stress. The direction of propagation is determined by the gradient of the external stress normal to the crack's plane and the buoyancy force of the magma filling the dyke, calculated at a set of observation points along the crack's tipline. The model can also include a uniform internal pressure within the dyke and compute the stress intensity factor along the crack's tipline, comparing it to the fracture toughness of the host rock to determine if the dyke will advance. SAM needs a model for the stress field of the host rock as input, as well as magma and rock densities, rock elastic properties, the dyke's radius and the number of observation points. The model may be applied to simulate dyke pathways in realistic volcanic settings with different stress sources, and can perform large numbers of simulations in little time. The model does not, however, account for any viscous flow of magma within the dyke, nor the velocity of dyke propagation. Dykes cannot change shape or area during the propagation, and are always bound to be oriented normally to the local least-compressive principal stress axis. This repository also includes data and parameters of the synthetic scenarios discussed in "Mechanical modeling of pre-eruptive magma propagation scenarios at calderas".
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 17
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    Panta Rhei benchmark dataset: socio-hydrological data of paired events of floods and droughts (version 2) (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2023-06-12
    Beschreibung: As the negative impacts of hydrological extremes increase in large parts of the world, a better understanding of the drivers of change in risk and impacts is essential for effective flood and drought risk management and climate adaptation. However, there is a lack of comprehensive, empirical data about the processes, interactions and feedbacks in complex human-water systems leading to flood and drought impacts. To fill this gap, we present an IAHS Panta Rhei benchmark dataset containing socio-hydrological data of paired events, i.e. two floods or two droughts that occurred in the same area (Kreibich et al. 2017, 2019). The contained 45 paired events occurred in 42 different study areas (in three study areas we have data on two paired events), which cover different socioeconomic and hydroclimatic contexts across all continents. The dataset is unique in covering floods and droughts, in the number of cases assessed and in the amount of qualitative and quantitative socio-hydrological data contained. References to the data sources are provided in 2023-001_Kreibich-et-al_Key_data_table.xlsx where possible. Based on templates, we collected detailed, review-style reports describing the event characteristics and processes in the case study areas, as well as various semi-quantitative data, categorised into management, hazard, exposure, vulnerability and impacts. Sources of the data were classified as follows: scientific study (peer-reviewed paper and PhD thesis), report (by governments, administrations, NGOs, research organisations, projects), own analysis by authors, based on a database (e.g. official statistics, monitoring data such as weather, discharge data, etc.), newspaper article, and expert judgement. The campaign to collect the information and data on paired events started at the EGU General Assembly in April 2019 in Vienna and was continued with talks promoting the paired event data collection at various conferences. Communication with the Panta Rhei community and other flood and drought experts identified through snowballing techniques was important. Thus, data on paired events were provided by professionals with excellent local knowledge of the events and risk management practices.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
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  • 18
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    Beyond the Visible – EnMAP data access and image preprocessing techniques; Massive Open Online Course. Course material (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
    In:  HYPERedu, EnMAP education initiative
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-07-19
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/report
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 19
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    Global DAS Month 2023, Teleseismic Event Recordings, Potsdam Fiber (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-06-13
    Beschreibung: The here referenced dataset provides eventbased Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) recordings made with an approximately 22 km long dark telecommunication fiber lying in urban Potsdam and surroundings. For each of 164 Mgt;=5 earthquakes occurring in February 2023 and listed by the USGS, one hour of data is provided starting with the event's origin time. Additionally, the whole day of February 14 is provided in hourly files. The data was recorded in the frame of the global DAS month, an initiative to collaboratively record and share simultaneously recorded DAS data from all over the world (https://www.norsar.no/in-focus/global-das-monitoring-month-february-2023). DAS is an emerging technology increasingly used by seismologists to convert kilometer long optical fibers into seismic sensors.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
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  • 20
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    Surface displacement and strain data from laboratory subduction megathrust earthquake cycles (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-06-21
    Beschreibung: This data set is digital image correlation data, including surface displacement and strain data from laboratory subduction megathrust earthquake cycles. The data consists of grids of surface strain (elastic and permanent), trench-normal surface displacement, vorticity and divergence maps over analog seismic cycles, and time series of surface displacement. The data have been derived using a stereo camera setup and processed with LaVision Davis 10 software. Detailed descriptions of the experiments and results regarding the surface pattern of the strain can be found in Kosari et al. (2023), to which this data set is supplementary. We use three configurations to mimic the along-strike heterogeneous spatiotemporal distribution of frictional locking (Rosenau et al., 2019; Kosari et al., 2022b). A central patch separates two stick-slip zones as an aseismic barrier in all configurations. The frictional properties of the central patch vary as a velocity-strengthening (VS configuration), a velocity-neutral (VN), and a velocity-weakening (VW configuration). The VW zone generates smaller slip events with a higher frequency (i.e., recurrence interval) than the stick-slip zones. Four frictionally different materials have been emplaced on the interface: The sticky-rice as velocity-weakening material (a-blt;0) resulting in stick-slip cycles simulating earthquake cycles, fine-grained sugar and rubber-sand mixture as velocity-strengthening (a-bgt;0) and velocity-neutral (a-b=0) material, and fine-grained salt as velocity-weakening material (a-blt;0) (Kosari et al., 2023).
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 21
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    Digital image correlation (DIC) and X-Ray CT analyses of lithospheric-scale analogue models of continental rifting (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-06-22
    Beschreibung: This data set includes videos depicting the surface evolution (time-lapse photography, digital image correlation [DIC] analysis, and topography analysis), and internal evolution (X-ray CT-imagery and DIC analysis) of four laboratory experiments (analogue models) simulating lithospheric-scale rifting. All experiments were performed at the Tectonic Modelling Laboratory of the University of Bern (UB). Detailed descriptions of the model set-up and results, as well as the monitoring techniques can be found in Zwaan amp; Schreurs (2023a and b).
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 22
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    Catalogue of Earthquake Hypocenters for Northern Chile from 2007-2021 using IPOC (plus auxiliary) seismic stations (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-06-22
    Beschreibung: The present dataset is a comprehensive earthquake catalogue for the Northern Chile subduction zone forearc covering the period 2007-2021, determined from IPOC seismic station data (GFZ and CNRS-INSU 2006; https://doi.org/10.14470/pk615318) plus some auxiliary stations (IPOC = Integrated Plate Boundary Observatory Chile; http://www.ipoc-network.org). The method of automatized earthquake catalogue retrieval, the different relocation steps as well as the different earthquake class labels, and the structures outlined by the seismicity are described in detail in Sippl et al. (2023). The catalogue builds on the one from Sippl et al. (2018; https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.4.1.2018.001), but uses a slightly deviating parameter set and a new event category. The columns of the data files are: year, month, day, hour, minute, second, latitude [dec. degrees], longitude [dec. degrees], depth [km], magnitude [ML], identifier The identifier term provides a first-order spatial classification of the seismicity, an explanation is given in Sippl et al. (2023).
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 23
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    AIUB-G3P GRACE monthly gravity field solutions (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-11-06
    Beschreibung: GRACE monthly gravity field solutions starting from April 2002 to June 2017 up to degree and order 90 computed with the Celestial Mechanics Approach at AIUB. The time series is an updated of AIUB-RL02 GRACE monthly gravity field time series using Level-1B GRACE data and updated background models. The dataset is created within the framework of the G3P - Global Gravity-based Groundwater Product project (https://www.g3p.eu/), this project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 870353.
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 24
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    Rheometric Analysis of Viscous Material Mixtures Used in the Tectonic Laboratory (TecLab) at Utrecht University, Netherlands (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-11-06
    Beschreibung: This dataset contains measurements of viscous and viscoelastic materials that are used for analogue modelling. Proper density and viscosity scaling of ductile layers in the crust and lithosphere, requires materials like Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), to be mixed with fillers and low viscoity silicone oils. Changing the filler content and filler material, the density, viscosity and power-law coefficient can be tuned according to the requirements. All materials contain a large amount of PDMS and all but one a small amount of an additional silicone oil. Adding plasticine or barium sulfate lead to shear thinning rheologies with power-law exponents of p〈0.95. Adding corundum powder only has a minor effect on the power-law exponent. Some mixtures also have an apparent yield point but all are in the liquid state in the tested range. In general, the rheologies of the materials are very complex and in some cases strongly temperature dependent. However, in the narrow range of relevant strain rates, the behaviour is well defined by a power-law relation and thus found suitable for simulating ductile layers in crust and lithosphere.
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 25
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    SEAMSTRESS: DEPAS ocean-bottom seismometer operations on Vestnesa Ridge in 2020-2021 (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-11-06
    Beschreibung: “This ocean-bottom seismometer deployment is part of the SEAMSTRESS project examining tectonic stress effects on Arctic methane seepage. The project is led by PI Andreia Plaza-Faverola at the Centre for Arctic Gas Hydrates, University of Tromsö, Norway. A total of 10 ocean bottom seismometers (OBS) were deployed on Vestnesa Ridge, a sediment drift body just north Knipovich Ridge at its intersection with the Molloy Transform fault (cruise CAGE-20-5). The aim of the experiment was to look for stress release along faults that control seepage sites on Vestnesa Ridge. The network consisted of 8 Lobster type broadband OBS from the German Instrument Pool for Amphibian Seismology (DEPAS) and 2 3C geophones provided by the University of Tromsö. Instruments were free-fall deployed and spaced by about 10 km. They recorded continuously at 100 Hz for 11 months between August 2020 and July 2021.Short, intersecting refraction profiles were shot across all OBS stations, such that OBS positions at the seafloor could be determined within 10 m (cruise CAGE-21-3). Clock drift in this experiment was nonlinear and skew values were only obtained for 6 of the stations. Skew-corrected station VSN01 served as reference station to obtain the clock drift of all other stations using noise cross-correlation and subsequently correct also for the thus determined nonlinearity of time drift. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code Y9 and are embargoed until July 2025.
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 26
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    Time-lapse imagery, digital image correlation (DIC) and topographic analysis of laboratory experiments simulating the evolution of the East African Rift System (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-08-25
    Beschreibung: This data set includes overviews and videos depicting the surface evolution (time-lapse photographs, topography data and digital image correlation [DIC] analysis) of 6 analogue models simulating rotational rift tectonics. In these experiments we examined the links between rotational rifting and different distributions of lithospheric weaknesses, and the evolution of the East African Rift System. All experiments were performed at the Tectonic Modelling Laboratory of the University of Bern (UB). Detailed descriptions of the model set-up and results, as well as the monitoring techniques can be found in Zwaan & Schreurs (2023).
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 27
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    me-compute: a Python software to download events and data from FDSN web services and compute their energy magnitude (Me) (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-10-06
    Beschreibung: We present a Python application to download events and data from FDSN webservices (https://www.fdsn.org/webservices/) and compute the events energy Magnitude (Me), producing outputs in several formats (QuakeML, HDF, CSV, HTML). This software has been used to compile a seismic catalogue including Me estimated form P-waves recorded at teleseismic distances in the range 20° ≤ ∆ ≤ 98°, available at GFZ Data Services (Bindi et al., 2023; https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.2.6.2023.010). The software complete pipeline (download and energy magnitude computation) can be deployed locally via terminal commands or chained and scheduled on a server to compute the energy magnitude in semi-realtime (e.g. daily or weekly).
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 28
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    EnMAP Field Guide - In-Situ Measurements for Validation Purposes. V.1.3. (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
    In:  EnMAP Field Guides Technical Report
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-10-23
    Beschreibung: In support of the Environmental Mapping & Analysis Program (EnMAP) mission [1], the acquisition of accurate and comparable spectroradiometric in-situ measurements is crucial for vicarious validation of the official EnMAP data products [2]. This document provides a guide on properly conducting spectroradiometric field measurements within the scope of EnMAP. It is a summary, of the detailed technical handbook developed by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) [3], the approach established by the Remote Sensing Laboratories (RSL, University of Zurich) [4], on the bases of „Progress in field spectroscopy“ [5], “Field and airborne spectroscopy cross validation - Some considerations” [6] and the experience gained throughout numerous validation efforts for air- and spaceborne sensors by the Remote Sensing and Geoinformatics section at the GFZ Potsdam that have been specially adapted for EnMAP purposes. The following procedure should be used when conducting in-situ measurements of terrestrial surfaces to obtain consistent measurements by applying a repeatable approach throughout the validation phase of the EnMAP mission.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/report
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  • 29
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    Regularized Empirical Variance-Covariance-Matrices for stochastic gravity modeling of 8 major ocean tides (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-15
    Beschreibung: This data publication represents the main outcomes of WP1.200 of Individual Project IP1 and Deliverable D1.1 of the research unit NEROGRAV. The goal of WP1.200 was the realistic representation of modern ocean tide model uncertainties in the form of empirical Variance-Covariance Matrices (VCMs) for the utilization in satellite gravimetric dealiasing. In the following, we describe the data set generation and format. A more detailed description of the processing strategy of the data set can be found in Abrykosov et al. (2021).
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 30
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    Earthquake catalogues from a hydrothermal system near Istanbul derived with template matching and AI techniques (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-15
    Beschreibung: The three datasets presented here are high-resolution catalogs containing origin time of seismic events for the same region and time range that have derived using AI-based techniques and a matched filter search. The corresponding standard catalogs from the agencies AFAD and KOERI are available under https://tdvms.afad.gov.tr/ (last accessed 28/07/2022) and http://www.koeri.boun.edu.tr/sismo/2/earthquake-catalog/ (last accessed 28/07/2022), respectively, when searching in the bulletin for longitude 28.80-29.10, latitude 40.4-40.625, and from November 1st 2018 to January 31th, 2019. Specifications for the three catalogs are. (i) Catalog derived utilizing AI-based techniques. We applied the PhaseNet deep learning method (Zhu & Beroza, 2019) to detect and pick the P-and S- waves of seismic events embedded in continuous seismic recordings from 16 stations surrounding the region of interest resampled at 100 Hz. The method was trained on a dataset from Northern California, but has been shown to generalize well to other tectonic settings. The picks were associated into seismic events using the GaMMA association method (Zhu et al., 2022). Manual check of the waveforms from all detections led to 516 seismic events with clear waveforms retained for further processing. (ii) Template matching catalog A. We applied the matched filter algorithm EQcorrscan (Chamberlain et al., 2017) to the two nearby seismic stations with the largest data recovery during the period of interest, ARMT and MDNY. We utilized 14 manually picked template events with M 〉 2 that occurred in the region of interest during the analyzed time period, which were recorded in both stations. As a first criteria to remove false detections, we retained only detections exhibiting a Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) larger than eight. We required detections from different templates to be at least 1.5 seconds apart. To remove duplicate detections (e.g., detections of the same event by different templates), we retained the detections with the highest average correlation if multiple detections occurred within 2.5 seconds. As a second criteria, we calculated cross-correlation derived phase-picks. A pick was declared if the maximum normalized correlation between the signal of the template event and of the detection exceeds 0.7. We correlated the signals in a short window of ±0.3 seconds around the assumed pick time based on a time-shifted version of the template phase-pick. We retained the S-pick exhibiting the higher cross-correlation value with respect to the template. Following this step, we considered only detections with ≥ 2 picks. In case of events with only two picks we ensured that that were from the same station to have control on the ts-tp and therefore the distance of the event from the detecting station. This catalog contains 2,462 seismic events (all manually reviewed) with magnitudes MW in the range [-2.4, 4.5]. Since we were not able to locate the events from this catalog, we considered as “origin time” the time of the first arrival. (iii) Template matching catalog B. We derived a second template matching catalog utilizing twelve of the closest seismic stations displaying high seismic data recovery during the analyzed time period. An initial list of detections was generated following the same steps as for the Template Matching Catalog A, with the additional requirement that all detections must contain at least one picks from one of the two closest stations, ARMT and MDNY. All detections from this catalog were also manually reviewed. The full description of the data processing and creation of the catalog is provided in the article “Stress changes can trigger earthquake sequences in a hydrothermal region south of Istanbul” by Martínez-Garzón et al., currently under review in Geophysical Research Letters.
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 31
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    Fibre optic distributed dynamic strain array (GFZ-Landsvirkjun) at Theistareykir, North-east Iceland (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-15
    Beschreibung: The GFZ-Landsvirkjun Theistareykir Fibre array is located in the Theytareykir geothermal area, in North Iceland. It is collocated with arrays of broadband seismometers and gravity meters (see e.g., https://doi.org/10.1186/s40517-021-00208-w). The geometry of the fibre array is following the telecom network in the area, and was chosen to test the seismological capabilities of telecom cables in this geothermal environment. We connected an iDAS V2 interrogator from Silixa. The interrogator location is lat=65.898041, lon=-16.966274. The array starts N-S and after 1.5 km, turns towards the East, up to a local transmission antenna station for mobile phones. The length of the path is ~5 km. The length of the cable is actually more than 15 km, as other fibre instance is connected at the transmission antenna station.. Jumps were performed along the cable to geo-locate the channels. The exact location of the fibre can unfortunately not be disclosed. Original recordings at 1000 Hz were downsampled to 200 Hz using a software from INGV-OE (michele.prestifilippo@ingv.it) and are provided in an h5 format. We provide here the first fibre instance (5 km long). The data contain 1 h long recording intervals framing M>5 teleseismic earthquakes recorded in the frame of the global DAS month, an initiative to collaboratively record and share simultaneously recorded DAS data from all over the world (https://www.norsar.no/in-focus/global-das-monitoring-month-february-2023). DAS is an emerging technology increasingly used by seismologists to convert kilometer long optical fibers into seismic sensors.
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Homogenized regional seismicity catalogue for the Marmara region, northwestern Turkey, for the time in-terval 2006-2020 (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-15
    Beschreibung: The dataset is an extended and updated version of the homogenized regional earthquake catalogue of the Marmara region, north-western Turkey, presented in Bohnhof et al. (2017) and Wollin et al. (2018). It is built on the regional Turkish seismicity catalogues provided by AFAD (Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency of Turkey) and KOERI (Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute) and spans the time interval 2006-2020. All events available in these two catalogues in the wider Marmara region were combined and dublicate events removed. A total of 13812 events having at least 6 P- and/or S-picks were located using the NLLoc software (Lomax et al., 2000, 2009) in Octtree mode utilizing automatic picks (see Wollin et al., 2018 for details) for all available waveforms. The magnitude range is between M0.3 and M5.7 with time-variable magnitude of completeness and covers the area 39.70S-41.50S and 26.0E-30.65E. The full description of the data and methods is provided in the data description file.
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Dataset to Geothermal Resources and ATES Potential of Mesozoic Reservoirs in the North German Basin (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-15
    Beschreibung: This dataset provides point-shapefiles and geotiffs, related to the figures presented in (Frick et al., 2022a, 2022b). It covers most of northern Germany, with the boundaries defined by the extent of the North German Basin, which is part of the Central European Basin System. The files contain information on the depth (m.b.s. = meter below surface), thickness, temperature, heat in place and heat storage potential of selected geological units and the formations therein. These data are an addendum to the data presented in (Frick et al., 2022a, 2022b), resolving 5 geological units and 9 formations. The data are presented as regularly spaced point-shapefiles, with a spacing of 1000 m. The data were produced as part of the Helmholtz Climate Initiative (HICAM), which focuses on Net Zero 2050 (mitigation) and Adapting to Extreme Events (adaptation). As part of this initiative, estimates of the heat in place and heat storage potential of the subsurface play an important part for mitigation of fossil fuel bound emissions as they pose a promising alternative (geothermal energy). The data presented here, therefore give an overview of areas which might be suited for geothermal applications in the different geothermal target units and formations. We integrated the recently published TUNB Model (BGR et al., 2021) as well as available borehole data, data from the Sandsteinfazies and GeoPoNDD projects (Franz et al., 2018, 2015) and temperature data from two models (Agemar et al., 2014; Frick et al., 2021) the process of which will be described in the following.
    Sprache: Englisch
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    IGMAS+: Interactive Gravity and Magnetic Application System (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-15
    Beschreibung: IGMAS+ is a software combining 3-D forward and inverse modeling, interactive visualization and interdisciplinary interpretation of potential fields and their applications under geophysical and geological data constrains. The software has a long history starting 1988 and has seen continuous improvement since then with input by many contributors. Since 2019, IGMAS+ is maintained and developed at The Helmholtz Centre Potsdam - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences by the staff of Section 4.5 – Basin Modelling and Section 5.2 – eScience Centre with strong ongoing support by H.-J. Götze and S. Schmidt from CAU Kiel. The official webpage of IGMAS+ is available at https://www.gfz-potsdam.de/igmas. Each major version of IGMAS+ is assigned with a DOI. Intermediate releases including changelog can be found at https://git.gfz-potsdam.de/igmas/igmas-releases/-/releases/. This is a collection DOI referring to all versions of IGMAS+. Links to each published version are redundantly available via the "Files" section and the Related Work section ("includes").
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    Eifel Flood 2021 - Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) and Orthophoto Data (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-15
    Beschreibung: The GFZ Potsdam HART (Hazard and Risk Team) in cooperation with the DFG research training group 2043 NatRiskChange at Potsdam University has enabled the acquisition of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) and high-resolution optical data which were acquired between 22 September 2021 and 24 October 2021 by the Milan Geoservice company, Spremberg, Germany. This data acquisition took place in the Eifel regions of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) and Rhineland-Palatinate (RLP), which were hit by the 14 July 2021 precipitation event leading to widespread severe inundations, flash floods and caused around 185 victims and massive damage to settlements, river geometry and other geomorphic features. The high-resolution ALS and optical data acquisitions aimed at the documentation and quantification of the extent of flood related changes and destructions as well as their reappraisal before diffusion erases traces. Thus, the generated data are valuable for forensic event analysis and future attempts on flood forecasting and warning in the context of scientific and practical purposes.
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Python Script FAST Estimation v.1.0 (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-15
    Beschreibung: The classical way to model the stress state in a rock volume is to estimate displacement boundary conditions that minimize the deviation of the modelled stress state with respect to model-independent stress information such as stress magnitude data. However, these data records are usually subject to significant uncertainties and measurement errors. Hence, it has to be expected that not all stress magnitude data records are representative and can be used in a model. In order to identify unreliable stress data records, the stress state that is based on individual data records is solved and compared with observations at a few discrete locations. While this method works, it is not efficient in that most of the solved model scenarios will be discarded. The solving of the entire model consumes immense amount of computation time for a high-resolution model. Yet, the stress state is required at only a very limited number of locations. For linear geomechanical models it is sufficient to estimate the stress state from three model scenarios with arbitrary, but different displacement boundary conditions. These three results can be used to estimate analytically using a linear regression at discrete points stress states based on user-defined boundary conditions. The tool Fast Automatic Stress Tensor Estimation (FAST Estimation) is a Python function that automatizes this approach. FAST Estimation provides very efficiently the stress states at pre-defined locations for all possible boundary conditions. It does not provide the continuous stress field as provided by a solved geomechanical model. Instead, it is a cost-efficient solution for the rapid assessment of stress states at a limited number of discrete locations based on pre-defined boundary conditions.
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Seismicity catalogue for the Eastern Alps (Swath-D) (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-15
    Beschreibung: We present a new, consistently processed seismicity catalogue for the Eastern and Southern Alps, based on the temporary dense Swath-D monitoring network. The final catalogue includes 6,053 earthquakes for the time period 2017-2019 and has a magnitude of completeness of −1.0ML. The smallest detected and located events have a magnitude of −1.7ML. Aimed at the low to moderate seismicity in the study region, we generated a multi-level, mostly automatic workflow which combines a priori information from local catalogues and waveform-based event detection, subsequent efficient GPU-based event search by template matching, P & S arrival time pick refinement and location in a regional 3-D velocity model. The resulting seismicity distribution generally confirms the previously identified main seismically active domains, but provides increased resolution of the fault activity at depth. In particular, the high number of small events additionally detected by the template search contributes to a more dense catalogue, providing an important basis for future geological and tectonic studies in this complex part of the Alpine orogen.
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Model files for the Neural network-based model of Electron density in the Topside ionosphere (NET) (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-15
    Beschreibung: Here, we present model files and example scripts for the Neural network-based model of Electron density in the Topside ionosphere (NET). The model is based on radio occultation data from Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment (GRACE), Challenging Minisatellite Payload (CHAMP) and Constellation Observing System for Meteorology Ionosphere and Climate (COSMIC-1) missions from 2001 until 2019. The NET model is based on alpha-Chapman functions with a linear decay of scale height with altitude, and consists of 4 sub-models (2 parameters of the F2-peak and 2 parameters of the linear scale height decay). The model uses geographic and magnetic latitude and longitude, magnetic local time, day of year, altitude, solar flux index P10.7, geomagnetic activity index Kp, storm-time SYM-H index as inputs. An example data frame to run the model is provided, as well as the Jupyter notebook to perform an example run.
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 39
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    AOe07 Variance-Covariance-Matrix (2023)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-15
    Beschreibung: The Atmosphere and Ocean non-tidal De-aliasing Level-1B (AOD1B) product is widely used in satellite gravimetry to correct for transient effects of atmosphere-ocean mass variability that would otherwise alias into monthly-mean global gravity fields. The most recent release is based on the global ERA5 reanalysis and ECMWF operational data together with simulations from the general ocean circulation model MPIOM consistently forced with fields of the same atmospheric data-set. As background models are inevitably imperfect, residual errors due to aliasing remain. Accounting for the uncertainties of the background model data has, however, proven to be a useful approach to mitigate the impact of residual aliasing. In light of the changes made in the new release of AOD1B, previous uncertainty assessments are deemed too pessimistic and have been revised in the new time-series of true errors: AOe07. One possible way to include the uncertainty information of background models in gravity field estimation or simulation studies is through the computation and application of a variance-covariance matrix that describes the spatio-temporal error characteristics of the background model. The AOe07 variance-covariance-matrix provides this information through (1) a fully populated matrix up to degree and order 40 as well as (2) a diagonal matrix up to degree and order 180.
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  • 40
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    Cosmogenic 10Be and 26Al concentrations in fluvial sediments from the Mohand Range in the northwestern Himalaya (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-15
    Beschreibung: Because of the multi-stepped pathways of sediment comprising the foreland fold-thrust belt (FFTB), detrital quartz grains that recycle from the FFTB sources contain cosmogenic radionuclides (CRN), such as 10Be and 26Al, accumulated during previous exposure, resulting in inheritance and, hence, anomalously low erosion rates. This inhibits the straightforward use of 10Be as tracers for modern erosion rates and sediment discharge from the FFTB, prevalent at the external edges of collisional orogens such as the Himalaya. We present a novel approach for quantifying the erosion rates of FFTB by comparing measured and modeled CRN concentrations in fluvial sediments. We apply this approach to the Mohand Range, an emergent fault-related fold in the frontal part of the northwestern Himalaya (see the location map below). The 10Be and 26Al datasets presented here were used to calibrate our model, which we used to quantify the erosion rates in and sediment flux from the Mohand Range. Datasets provided here include a summary of the location and depositional age of 33 fluvial sediments and two sandstone samples collected from the Mohand Range, 10Be analysis results of 23 of these fluvial sediments and two bedrock samples, and 26Al-10Be pair analysis results of the remaining ten fluvial sediment samples (Dataset S1). Moreover, the data include the depositional age map of uplifted older foreland sediments across the western Mohand Range (Dataset 2) and the map of best-fit 10Be concentration inherited from Himalayan paleoerosion (Dataset 3) and sediment burial in the foreland (Dataset 4). We also include a map of the best-fit 10Be concentration produced during modern erosion of the Mohand Range (Dataset 5) and a map of the best-fit uplift/erosion rates across the western Mohand Range (Dataset 6). For more information (e.g., sampling method, analytical procedure, and data processing), please refer to the main article (Mandal et al., 2023).
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 41
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    Data of leaf wax hydrogen isotope ratios and climatic variables along an aridity gradient in Chile and globally (2023)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-15
    Beschreibung: This data publication is supplementary to a study on the climatic controls on leaf wax hydrogen isotopes, by Gaviria-Lugo et al. (submitted). The dataset contains hydrogen isotope ratios from leaf wax n-alkanes (δ2Hwax) taken from soils, river sediments and marine surface sediments along a climatic gradient from hyperarid to humid in Chile. In addition, for each sampling site the hydrogen isotope ratios from precipitation (δ2Hpre) from the grids produced by the Online Isotopes in Precipitation Calculator (OIPC) (Bowen and Revenaugh, 2003). Furthermore, for each sampling site we report mean annual data of precipitation, actual evapotranspiration, relative humidity, and soil moisture, all derived from TerraClimate (Abatzoglou et al., 2018). Also provide data of mean annual temperature and the annual average of maximum daily temperature derived from WorldClim (Fick and Hijmans, 2017). As a final climatic parameter, we also derived data of aridity index from the Consultative Group of the International Agricultural Research Consortium for Spatial Information (CGIARCSI) (Trabucco and Zomer, 2022). In addition to climatic variables, for each site we include land cover fractions of trees, shrubs, grasses, crops, and barren land. These land cover fractions were obtained from Collection 2 of the Copernicus Global Land Cover layers (Buchhorn et al., 2020) via Google Earth Engine. For further comparison here we provide δ2Hwax compiled from 26 publications (see references) that reported both the n-C29 and n-C31 n-alkanes homologues from soils and lake sediments. For each sampling site of the global compilation, we provide δ2Hpre and the same climatic and land cover parameters as for the Chilean data (i.e., precipitation, actual evapotranspiration, relative humidity, soil moisture, aridity index, temperature, fraction of trees, fraction of grasses, etc.), using the same sources. The data is provided here as one single .xlsx file containing 9 data sheets, but also as 9 individual .csv files, to be accessed using the file format of preference. Additionally, 5 supplementary figures that accompany the publication Gaviria-Lugo et al. (submitted) are provided in one single .pdf file. The samples taken for this study were assigned International Geo Sample Numbers (IGSNs), which are included in the provided tables S4, S5 and S6.
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  • 42
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    Processed Sentinel-1 InSAR data of the multi-year gradual flank destabilisation of Anak Krakatau volcano, Indonesia (2023)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-15
    Beschreibung: The Dec 22nd 2018 flank collapse and tsunami at Anak Krakatau in Indonesia is a key event in geosciences as little is known about the lead-up processes and deformation changes prior to flank failure. We processed Sentinel-1 satellite radar data in both ascending (orbit 171) and descending (orbit 47) acquisition using multi-temporal InSAR with the Small BAseline (SB) method during the 4 years prior to the collapse. The data shows that the flank was already moving for years prior to collapse, demonstrating that developing instability in volcano can be monitored long before a collapse. The southwest flank movement rates averaged approx. 27 cm/yr, but underwent intermittent accelerations coinciding with distinct intrusion events in Jan/Feb 2017 and in Jun 2018. The data archived here supplements the material detailed in Zorn et al. (202X, https://doi.org/XXXXX).
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    Visualization of the incremental magma growth related to porphyry copper deposits obtained with numerical modeling (2023)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-15
    Beschreibung: Porphyry copper deposits provide most of the world’s, half its molybdenum reserves and are resources for Zn, Pb, Au, and Ag. The porphyry mineralization is inferred to form on time scales between 50 and 100kyrs whereby the mineralization forming magma chamber is generally built up by multiple intrusive events. The overall source magmatic system can be active for several millions of years. We used the Complex System Modeling Platform (CSMP++) to simultaneously model sill injection, heat transfer, the release of metal-bearing magmatic fluids, the multi-phase flow of saline hydrothermal fluids, and dynamic permeability variations with a continuum porous medium approach. Our modeling studies the volumetric injection rate and its impact on the growth of the magma chamber and the Cu-ore shell but also investigates the influence of hydrothermal convection and fluid release. The setup of each modeling run is changed slightly, either by changing the influx rate, changing the geometry of the magma chamber, or changing the location of fluid release. CSMP was modified to produce vtk and vtu files every 100 years which were read into the Paraview 4.3.1 software to perform the post-processing (including the calculation of the copper enrichment factor and the pore fluid factor). Paraview was then used to produce the displayed videos.
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 44
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    Ultrasonic transmission measurements from seven boreholes from the STIMTEC-X experiment, Reiche Zeche Mine, Freiberg (Saxony, Germany) (2023)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-15
    Beschreibung: In 2020 and 2021 the STIMTEC-X hydraulic stimulation experiment was performed at ca.~130 m below surface at the Reiche Zeche underground research laboratory in Freiberg, Saxony/Germany. The project temporally followed the STIMTEC experiment at the same site and aimed at understanding the stress heterogeneity of the anisotropic and metamorphic gneiss rock mass. The STIMTEC-X experiment applied the hydraulic stimulation technique in several boreholes at the mine-scale. Complementary to the stimulations, there were active seismic ultrasonic transmission data acquired before the stimulations. We use a seismic monitoring network consisting of six single-component acoustic emission (AE) sensors (sensitivity 1-60 kHz), six hydrophone-like AE sensors (sensitivity 1-40 kHz) and four to twelve single-component Wilcoxon accelerometers (sensitivity 50 Hz-25 kHz). The AE sensors and remained stationary in sub-horizontal and upwards reaching boreholes, the accelerometers were mostly installed along the tunnel walls with one accelerometer in a shallow borehole in each tunnel, and the hydrophone-like AE sensors were installed in the down-going water filled boreholes, but repositioned for each measurement campaign (Figure 1). This data set of 120 active ultrasonic transmission (UT) measurements is supplementary to Boese et al. (2022, in review), which introduces some of the active measurement campaigns of the STIMTEC-X experiment in detail. The whole data set togetter with the “Ultrasonic transmission measurements from six boreholes from the STIMTEC experiment, Reiche Zeche Mine, Freiberg (Saxony, Germany)” [https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.4.2.2021.002] was used to evaluate performance measures such as sensitivity and frequency bandwith, coupling, placement and polarity of the hydrophone-like AE sensor compared to AE sensors. The active seismic data provided here are from seven boreholes (BH01, BH05, BH06, BH10, BH14, BH18, BH19) as shown in Figure 1. There are nine tables provided as metadata of which seven contain the STIMTEC-X sensor coordinates for each measurement campaign, the event information of all the 120 UT measurements and the UT picks. The UT measurements were recorded with a sampling rate of 1 MHz and results from an automatic stack of 1024 UT pulses generated by the ultrasonic transmitter and recorded by the STIMTEC-X sensors. The UT measurements are saved in binary file format (fsf file format). Fsf-files can be processed with FOCI software: https://www.induced.pl/software/foci. Each fsf file contains 32768 samples, which corresponds to 0.032768 seconds. All UT event files were manual inspected and phase arrivals identified. These are stored in the fsf-file header as well as in the table STIMTECX_UT_picks.csv.
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 45
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    3D structural geological model of the Mallik Anticline, Canadian Arctic (2023)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-15
    Beschreibung: The Mallik Anticline is a geologic structure in the Mackenzie Delta in the Canadian Arctic. Tectonics throughout the Cenozoic, with compressional phases in the early Eocene to the late Miocene, formed this large, domed structure that is today an important source of hydrocarbons. Gas hydrates occur in the clastic sedimentary rocks of the Oligocene to Pleistocene Kugmallite, Mackenzie Bay, and Iperk sequences, which were essentially formed by deltaic processes. The presence of hydrocarbon gases within the permafrost zone in the Canadian Arctic has led to extensive exploration and production activities in the region since the mid-1960s, and the investigations by geologists and geophysicists have already been published in numerous scientific articles to date. The associated report (Chabab and Kempka, 2023) describes the implementation of the first field-scale 3D static geologic model of the Mallik site, which was created using data from well logs and 2D seismic reflection profiles. The dataset presented here provides elevation depths and thickness data of the three distinct sequence boundaries Kugmallit-Richards, Mackenzie Bay-Kugmallit and Iperk-Mackenzie Bay as well as fault data from the Mallik site.
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    Update of the Heat Flow Database in India (2023)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-15
    Beschreibung: For the integration of this dataset, several research articles were collected from the catalog of The Global Heat Flow Data Assessment Project. Specially, this data publication encloses all heat-flow data of onshore India. The resulting updated database contains 617 determinations of heat-flow from 36 publications. The data are presented according to the standards defined by the World Heat Flow Database Project and the International Heat Flow Commission (Fuchs et al., 2023)
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Medial moraine cosmogenic 10Be data and glacier surface velocities from four Swiss valley glaciers around Pigne d’Arolla (2023)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-15
    Beschreibung: At valley glaciers, rockwall erosion supplies debris to glacier surfaces. Once deposited on the ice, rockwall debris is passively entrained and becomes part of the glacial system, e.g., forming medial moraines as downglacier transport continues. Where debris occurs supraglacial, it modifies ice ablation and, thus, changes in rockwall erosion and debris supply rates modify glacial debris cover and mass balance and may affect glacier retreat in response to climate change. Yet, estimates on rockwall erosion rates close to glacier surfaces are few and quantifying spatiotemporal supply patterns is not trivial. This data publication is supplementary to the study on rockwall erosion rates at five Swiss valley glaciers around Pigne d’Arolla, by Wetterauer & Scherler (2023). We temporally and spatially assess rockwall erosion by measuring in situ-produced cosmogenic 10Be concentrations ('[10Be]measured') in medial moraine debris, which we systematically sampled along downglacier-profiles, and by comparing records from various medial moraines, which are supplied by rockwalls differing in exposure and morphology. However, as '[10Be]measured' within supraglacial debris is the sum of '[10Be]rockwall', accumulated during rockwall erosion, and '[10Be]transport', accumulated during post-depositional downglacier transport, medial moraine '[10Be]measured' should be corrected for '[10Be]transport'. If glacier velocities through time are known, '[10Be]transport' can be estimated by downglacier debris trajectory modelling. Providing our 10Be dataset and ~40-year records of glacier surface velocities from four of the five valley glaciers (Glacier du Brenay, Glacier de Cheilon, Glacier de Pièce, Glacier de Tsijiore Nouve) is the main objective of this data publication. The dataset of the fifth glacier (Glacier d’Otemma) has already been published as case study by Wetterauer et al. (2022a,b).
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    Seismic test data and resolution analysis from the first borehole broadband seismometers at Mt. Etna, Sicily (Italy), as part of the SiC nano for PicoGeo project (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-15
    Beschreibung: In October 2021, GFZ installed together with INGV Catania, Iraci and ASIR Ltd (Advances Seismic Instrumentation & Research) the very first seismic borehole broadband seismometers at two selected sites at Mt. Etna, Sicily (see Fig. 1). The installation was completed under the EU-funded project ‘SiC nano for PicoGeo’ (http://www.picogeo.eu/). Site one is located next to the Astrophysical Observatory at Serra La Nave (SLN) and site two is located in the city of Mascalucia (MAS). At each site one borehole broadband seismometer was permanently installed (cemented) at approximately 70 m depth. In approx. 1-2m distance, a second ground-level borehole 4.5 Hz Geophone was temporarily installed (sanded) at 1 m depth until July 2022 (see Fig. 2). The ground-level geophones served as a local surface reference sensor to better evaluate the increase of signal quality from surface to depth. Test data were evaluated between October 2021 and July 2022. Sensor settings were adjusted during this time period to obtain the best possible data resolution at both test sites. This data publication compiles a segment of waveform recordings utilized for the assessment of data quality from the two installed broadband borehole seismometers, along with noise plots (Fig. 3-5) illustrating the enhancements in the data quality of frequency ranges compared to surface sensors at Mt. Etna.
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    Comprehensive data set of in-situ hydraulic stimulation experiments for geothermal purposes at the Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory (Sweden) (2023)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-15
    Beschreibung: This data set contains measurements of an underground hydraulic fracture experiment at Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory in May and June 2015. The experiment tested various injection schemes for rock fracture stimulation and monitored the resulting seismicity. The primary purpose of the experiment is to identify injection schemes that provide rock fracturing while reducing seismicity or at least mitigate larger seismic events. In total, six tests with three different injection schemes were performed in various igneous rock types. Both the injection process and the accompanied seismicity were monitored. For injection monitoring, the water flow and pressure are provided and additional tests for rock permeability. The seismicity was monitored in both triggered and continuous mode during the tests by high-resolution acoustic emission sensors, accelerometers and broadband seismometers. Both waveform data and seismicity catalogs are provided.
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    Available heat flow data from the Guaymas Basin (2023)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-15
    Beschreibung: The data publication contains all heat-flow data of offshore in the Guaymas basin. The data release contains data generated between 1959 and 2019 and constitutes a substantial update and extension compared to the last compilation provided by Becker & Fisher (1991). The data set comprises new heat-flow determinations published after 1991 as well as data from before 1991, which were not included in the Becker & Fisher (1991). The resulting updated database contains 487 determinations of heat-flow at 464 locations from 17 publications. 95% of the reported heat-flow values are determined from marine probe sensing technique and 5% in boreholes.
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    FAIR WISH Software Tool: SAMIRA: FAIR SAMPLES Template Processing (2023)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-08
    Beschreibung: Physical samples (or specimen or artefacts) represent the origin of research results in many scientific disciplines. Assigning persistent identifier (PID) to samples is a fundamental step to make them discoverable and traceable in unambiguous way over the Web. The International Generic Sample Number (IGSN) is a PID for physical samples and connecting these with their online description following a dedicated metadata schema. Sample descriptions of samples are available in various formats and detail. In order to publish them in a standardized manner and to automate and standardize the preparation and processing, the software product SAMIRA (Sample IGSN Registration Automation) was created as part of the Project FAIR WISH, funded by the Helmholtz Metadata Collaboration (HMC). SAMIRA aims to automate the generation of Metadata XML-Files for the Registration of PIDs from different input sources (e.g. the FAIR Samples Template, Wiezcorek et al., 2023). This first version of SAMIRA implements the creation of IGSN metadata and Datacite metadata and the respective registration.
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    Ring-shear test data of corundum sand “NKF120” used for analogue modelling in the experimental tectonics laboratory at GFZ Potsdam (2023)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-08
    Beschreibung: This dataset provides friction data from ring-shear tests on corundum sand “NKF120” used in analogue modelling of tectonic processes as a rock analogue for “strong” or “high density” layers in the earth’s upper crust (e.g. Klinkmüller et al., 2016) or as an additive to PDMS silicone oil to increase its density and non-linearity (Zwaan et al., 2018). According to our analysis the material shows a Mohr-Coulomb behaviour characterized by a linear failure envelope. Peak, dynamic and reactivation friction coefficients of corundum sand are µP = 0.75, µD = 0.57, and µR = 0.62, respectively (Table 5). Cohesion of the material ranges between 100-150 Pa. The material shows a minor rate-weakening of ~1% per ten-fold change in shear velocity v and a stick-slip behaviour at low shear velocities. The tested bulk material consists of corundum sand with grain size of 90-120 µm (Table 1). Corundum sand is produced as industrial abrasive materials and sold e.g. by the company Nico Bosse Strahlmittel Berlin. The data presented here are derived by ring shear testing using a SCHULZE RST-01.pc (Schulze, 1994, 2003, 2008) at HelTec, the Laboratory for experimental tectonics at the Helmholtz Center Potsdam – GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam, Germany.
    Sprache: Englisch
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    EOP predictions collected during the operational phase of the Second Earth Orientation Parameters Prediction Comparison Campaign (2023)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-08
    Beschreibung: This dataset contains predictions of Earth orientation parameters (EOP) submitted during the Second Earth Orientation Parameters Prediction Comparison Campaign (2nd EOP PCC). The 2nd EOP PCC has been carried out by Centrum Badań Kosmicznych Polskiej Akademii Nauk CBK PAN in Warsaw in cooperation with the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam (Germany) and under the auspices of the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service (IERS) within the IERS Working Group on the 2nd EOP PCC. The purpose of the campaign was to re-assess the current capabilities of EOP forecasting and to find most reliable prediction approaches. The operational part of the campaign lasted between September 1, 2021 and December 28, 2022. Throughout the duration of the 2nd EOP PCC, registered campaign participants submitted forecasts for all EOP parameters, including dX, dY, dPsi, dEps (components of celestial pole offsets), polar motion, differences between universal time and coordinated universal time, and its time-derivative length-of-day change. These submissions were made to the EOP PCC Office every Wednesday before the 20:00 UTC deadline. The predictions were then evaluated once the geodetic final EOP observations from the forecasted period became available. Each participant could register more than one method, and each registered method was assigned an individual ID, which was used, e.g., for file naming. The dataset contains text files with predicted parameters as submitted by campaign participants and MATLAB file which is a database with all correct predictions from each participant loaded into a structure.
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    Ring-shear test data of garnet sand used for analogue modelling in the experimental tectonics laboratory at GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam (2023)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-08
    Beschreibung: This dataset provides friction data from ring-shear tests on garnet sand used in analogue modelling of tectonic processes as a rock analogue for “strong” or “high density” layers in the earth’s upper crust (e.g. Klinkmüller et al., 2016). According to our analysis the material shows a Mohr-Coulomb behaviour characterized by a linear failure envelope. Peak, dynamic and reactivation friction coefficients of garnet sand are µP = 0.83, µD = 0.61, and µR = 0.73, respectively (Table 5). Cohesion of the material ranges between 20-120 Pa. The material shows a no significant rate-dependency. The data presented here are derived by ring shear testing using a SCHULZE RST-01.pc (Schulze, 1994, 2003, 2008) at HelTec, the Laboratory for experimental tectonics at the Helmholtz Center Potsdam – GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam, Germany. The RST is specially designed to measure friction coefficients µ and cohesions C in loose granular material accurately at low confining pressures (〈20 kPa) and shear velocities (〈1 mm/sec) similar to sandbox experiments. In this tester, a granular bulk material layer is sheared internally at constant normal stress σN and shear velocity v while shear force and lid displacement (corresponding to density and volume change ΔV) are measured continuously. For more details see Klinkmüller et al. (2016).
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    Carbon and oxygen isotope in situ analysis of calcite using secondary ion mass spectrometry in the Permian Kupferschiefer system, Saale subbasin, Eastern Germany (2023)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2023-12-11
    Beschreibung: The Kupferschiefer districts in Central Europe contain some of the world’s highest-grade sediment-hosted stratiform Cu (SSC) deposits (see Borg et al., 2012). The high-grade sulfide mineralization in the organic matter-rich marine mudstones of the Kupferschiefer (T1), and also in the underlying continental sandstones of the uppermost Rotliegend (S1) and overlying Zechstein Limestone (Ca1), in the Saale subbasin (Eastern Germany) are dominantly formed as a replacement of calcite cement (Mohammedyasin et al., 2023). We provide carbonate major element chemistry, carbon isotope composition of organic matter, and calcite carbon and oxygen isotope microanalysis datasets of drill core samples from the Saale subbasin in Eastern Germany. The samples include the uppermost Rotliegend sandstone (S1), Kupferschiefer (T1) mudstones and lowermost Zechstein Limestone (Ca1), referred as the Kupferschiefer system, from three drill cores (Sangerhausen, Allstedt and Wallendorf).
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Dissolved organic compounds in geothermal fluids used for energy production – part II (2023)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2023-11-14
    Beschreibung: This dataset comprises 47 fluid samples from 11 geothermal sites (Germany, Austria, Iceland, Turkey, Netherlands, Belgium, French West Indies). The samples were collected within the REFLECT project (Redefining geothermal properties at extreme conditions to optimize future geothermal energy extraction). The focus with these analyses were on the organic compound composition of the fluids, since they are rarely included in the analyses of fluids taken from geothermal power plants. Understanding the organic compound composition of geothermal fluids might help to better understand chemical reactions within the fluids and might help to mitigate problems that arise with the operation of a geothermal power plant such as mineral precipitation (scaling) and corrosion of the casing and pipes.
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Present-day gravity changes induced by glacial isostatic adjustment from ensemble simulations with 3D Earth structures (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2023-12-20
    Beschreibung: We provide present-day glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) gravity changes simulated with the numerical model VILMA. The effects of Earth and ocean pole tide due to rotational deformation (considered in VILMA) were removed. The dataset contains the solutions for 56 GIA model ensemble members including 54 3D models and 2 1D models. The results are provided as Stokes coefficients with a resolution of degree/order 170.
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Paleosediment- and model-derived data used for the reconstruction of environmental conditions during the Holocene at the Bulusan Lake, Philippines (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-24
    Beschreibung: This data publication contains the datasets generated in a study aiming at reconstructing paleoclimatic conditions during the late Holocene in northern Philippines. The data come from samples taken from sediment lakes retrieved from Bulusan Lake on the Luzon Island, Philippines. On these samples we measured the stable-hydrogen-isotopic composition of terrestrial-lipid biomarkers to reconstruct ENSO dynamics and past hydrological conditions, pollen data to reconstruct past vegetation, and magnetic susceptibility measurements of the sediment cores to reconstruct past erosion rates. This is complemented with isoGSM2 data to constrain modern hydrological conditions. The data was generated between 2013-04 and 2020-9. The data files are provided in Excel and tab-delimited text versions.
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Quantitative DNA data extracted from four different soils and two subsurface rock samples (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-16
    Beschreibung: This data publication presents quantitative DNA data obtained through fluorometric detection of genomic DNA and the estimation of 16S rRNA gene copies using quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR). The data encompasses various soil and rock samples collected across a climate gradient. The DNA was extracted using a protocol enabling the separate analysis of intracellular DNA (iDNA) and extracellular DNA (eDNA) from the same sample. The primary objective of this study was to enhance a previously established method developed by Alawi et al. (2014) for analyzing terrestrial samples by introducing modifications to the extraction buffer. Phosphate buffers at two different concentrations (120 mM and 300 mM), EDTA (300 mM), and a high-concentration phosphate buffer in combination with EDTA (300 mM each) were tested in conjunction with a detergent mix (detailed in Medina et al., 2023; submitted). Thorough tests, including spiked DNA experiments and cell counts, were conducted on one low biomass sample to validate the extraction setups. The two most effective extraction protocols were then applied to all samples from the four designated sites and compared with the phosphate buffer described by Alawi et al. (2014), resulting in the calculation of improvement factors. The resulting dataset provides valuable quantitative DNA information and estimates of 16S rRNA gene copies across diverse soil and rock samples along a climate gradient. The modifications made to the extraction buffer demonstrated improved efficiency in extracting especially iDNA compared to the original method. These findings contribute to the refinement and optimization of DNA extraction protocols for terrestrial samples, enabling more accurate and comprehensive analyses of microbial communities in different environments.
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    Drilling Overdeepened Alpine Valleys (DOVE) - Operational Dataset of DOVE Phase 1 (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-16
    Beschreibung: The overarching goal of the Drilling Overdeepened Alpine Valleys (DOVE) project will be to date the age and extent of past glaciations. Formerly-glaciated areas are often characterized by deeply incised structures, often filled by Quaternary deposits. These buried troughs and valleys were formed by glacial overdeepening, likely caused by pressurized subglacial meltwater below warm-based glaciers. Results of this drilling campaign, supported by new dating technologies, will further provide critical data on 'how' and 'at which rate' glacial erosion affects such mountain ranges and their foreland. These processes are also of fundamental importance for evaluating the safety of radioactive waste disposal sites, which are planned in areas of former glaciations. Moreover, results of this project will fill gaps in the knowledge of paleoclimate and atmospheric circulation patterns during past glacial epochs and how these patterns affected ice build-up. The operational data sets include the drill core documentation from the mobile Drilling Information System (mDIS), full round core scans, MSCL data sets, a preliminary core description and the geophysical downhole logging data that were acquired during and subsequent to the drilling operations. All downhole logs and core depth were subject to depth correction to a common depth master (cf. operational report for detailed information). The data are described by two scientific reports, the Operational Report (https://doi.org/10.48440/ICDP.5068.001) and the Explanatory Remarks on the Operational Datasets (https://doi.org/10.48440/ICDP.5068.002).
    Sprache: Englisch
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    ArcDelRCM.jl - an Arctic-delta reduced-complexity model that can reproduce the 2-m ramp feature ubiquitous to Arctic deltas (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-22
    Beschreibung: This is an Arctic-delta reduced-complexity model that can reproduce the 2-m ramp feature observed in most Arctic deltas. The model is built by first reconstructing from published descriptions of the DeltaRCM-Arctic model (Lauzon et al., GRL, 2019), which is, in turn, based on DeltaRCM by Liang et al. (Esurf, 2015). All the modifications and refinements leading to this model (ArcDelRCM.jl) are detailed in a manuscript submitted to Earth Surface Dynamics journal for publication (Chan et al., 2022: esurf-2022-25). Options are retained to run this model with the "DeltaRCM-Arctic" (reconstruction) setting. The code is written purely in Julia language.
    Sprache: Englisch
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    GRACE-FO ML-calibrated magnetic field data (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-22
    Beschreibung: The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment-Follow-On (GRACE-FO) satellite mission, consisting of two satellites, each carry a magnetometer as part of its attitude orbit control system (AOCS). After careful calibration, the data acquired through them can be used for scientific purposes by removing artificial disturbances from other satellite payload systems. This dataset is based on the dataset provided by Michaelis et al. (2021, https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.2.3.2021.002) and uses a similar format. The platform magnetometer data has been calibrated against CHAOS-7 magnetic field model predictions for core, crustal and large-scale magnetospheric field (Finlay et al., 2020, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-020-01252-9) and is provided in the ‘chaos’ folder. The calibration results using a Machine Learning approach are provided in the ‘calcorr’ folder. Michaelis’ dataset can be used as an extension to this dataset for additional information, as they are connected using the same timestamps to match and relate the same data points. The exact approach based on Machine Learning is described in the referenced publication. Additionally, in the folder ‚fac’, field-aligned current derived from the magnetic field data are provided. There exists a similar dataset with calibrated magnetic data from the GOCE satellite mission under https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.2.3.2022.002 (Styp-Rekowski et al., 2022).
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    Basin90m, a new global drainage basin dataset (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-22
    Beschreibung: The current global dataset of drainage system shapes has a relatively low spatial resolution. We obtained a new dataset (Basin90m) by calculating the drainage basins larger than 50 km2 globally using a 90-meter resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM). The total number of drainage basins is 667629. For each drainage basin, we extracted the spatial distribution of the longest river channel and the sinuosity of the river. We computed fundamental geometric parameters for the drainage basins, such as area, length, width, aspect ratio, slope, and elevation. Basin90m consists of vector files (ESRI Shapefile format) containing global drainage basins and river channels. The file sizes for the basin and river data are 7.8 and 2.5 GB, respectively. All calculations were automated using a MATLAB script. For a more detailed description of Basin90m, please refer to our submitted data description article titled "A global dataset of the shape of drainage systems". The Basin90m dataset includes data in four sections. The first section comprises drainage basins globally with an area larger than 50 km². The data format is ESRI Shapefile. Eight morphometric indi-ces of the drainage system are stored in the attribute table of the basin shapefile. The "Basins" folder contains six subfolders, each representing a continent. Each continent's subfolder contains all the basins in that continent, categorized by different stream orders. For instance, the "South America" subfolder contains nine shapefile files corresponding to stream orders 1-9. The names of the shapefile files include their continent and stream order information. For example, "South_America_Basin_8.shp" represents all basins in South America with a stream order of 8. The second part of the Basin90m data consists of global main river channels. The longest river channel of each basin is stored in a folder named "Rivers". The internal structure of this folder is the same as the "Basins" folder. For instance, "South_America_River_8.shp" represents the main river channels in South America with a stream order of 8. The third part of Basin90m data is an Excel file named "Basin90m". This file contains eight morphometric parameters for all the basins. It includes both a globally merged sheet and sheets distinguishing different stream orders. The fourth part of Ba-sin90m data is a folder named "Matlab_code", which contains Matlab code for the automated ex-traction of drainage systems and their morphometric parameters.
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    Slide-Hold-Slide Data of Granular Materials Used In Analogue Modelling (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-22
    Beschreibung: This data set provides a series of experiments from ring-shear tests (RST) on various materials that are used at several laboratories worldwide. The data contains the results of slide-hold-slide tests and the processed outputs of standardized ring shear tester data from related publications. Additionally, microscopy images of the materials under plain and polarized light are provided. The time dependent restrengthening of the materials is quantified using slide-hold-slide tests. This restrengthening has implications on the reactivation potential of granular shear zones in analogue models. With the provided software we first analyze the experimental data and then compare the angles and stresses needed to reactivate normal faults in the materials. We find that while healing rates are low, the majority of samples can not reactivate normal faults that are generated through extension of an analogue model.
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    Experimental investigation of seismic metamaterials: Application to wind farms with dense seismic arrays – META-WT (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-03-05
    Beschreibung: The META-WT project was designed to perform a 4-weeks seismic experiment in Germany with a dense seismic array of ~400 three-component geophones that covered (1) a 2.5km x 2.5km wind farm area in Brandenburg, Germany, with almost 200 wind turbines (WTs) and a well-studied subsurface structure and (2) a 20-km long radial line from the center of the wind farm with one geophone every half-kilometer. The objective was to capture the spatio-temporal seismic wave-field signature of the wind farm from continuous recordings of ambient noise. Due to the dense interstation distance and proposed geometry the experiment allowed for analyzing both small-scale wave field characteristics at an unprecedented spatial resolution and the longer distance radiation pattern of the wind farm. Waveform data is available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code XF, and is embargoed until Jan 2025.
    Sprache: Englisch
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    The explorational drilling Gt BTrKoe 1/2021 in Berlin Adlershof, Germany - Field Data and Measurements (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-02-12
    Beschreibung: The Gt BTrKoe 1/2021 borehole was drilled in the framework of a research project called GeoFern, funded by the German Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action under the grant number 03EE4007. The overall objective of this research project was to support the development of the geothermal heat utilization for urban areas. Therefore, the integration of reservoir utilization concepts into heat supply systems need to be studied. The GeoFern project aimed to contribute to the knowledge on geological structure and the lithological composition of the subsurface to minimize the explorational risks for future site developments in SE Berlin, Germany. It focused on the exploration of possible Mesozoic aquifers, suitable for aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) in depths of up to 500 m. As stopping criteria for drilling, the presence of terrestrial (arid) clayey Keuper sediments of the Exter Formation (Upper German Triassic) were defined. In this data publication we provide the results of the investigations and measurements conducted on site in the field laboratory as well as the open-hole geophysical well-logging data of the Gt BTrKoe 1/2021 borehole acquired by a commercial contractor. In addition, a temperature log of the borehole, measured by the GFZ about two months after the end of drilling activities, is part of this data publication. The drilling of the Gt BTrKoe 1/2021 borehole started at the 15th of November 2021 with the setting of the conductor pipe and reached its final depth of 456 m in Triassic sediments on the 19th of December 2021. The drilling was conducted in two main sections using two different technologies. For the upper section, covering Cenozoic sediments and reaching a depth of 211 m, reverse drilling technology was used. This section comprises the Quaternary to Tertiary groundwater system and the Tertiary “Rupelton” (Oligocene, Rupelian). The latter represents an about 100 m thick clayey succession that do act as a regional aquitard, separating the deeper saline groundwater systems from the upper utilized (freshwater) groundwater levels. After setting and cementing of the casing, the borehole was further deepened by using conventional Rotary drilling technology. Due to the lack of knowledge on the geological situation of the pre-Cenozoic strata before the drilling, this section represents the most relevant part for answering the research goals of the project. In order to allow the most accurate description and characterization of the drilled strata, this section was completely cored using wireline coring equipment with 3-m core barrels. In total, 90 core runs were conducted and 197.4 m of cores retrieved, showing a core recovery factor of 81%. The core show a mean core diameter of about 100 mm. The drilling was stopped after encountering the multicolored terrestrial playa sediments of the Upper Triassic in the last core run. While the token cutting samples were not assigned with International Generic Sample Numbers (IGSN), the borehole (Norden, 2022) and all taken cores were registered with IGSNs.
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    A novel method for analogue modelling of lithospheric-scale rifting, monitored through X-Ray CT-scanning, at the University of Bern Tectonic Modelling Laboratory (Switzerland) (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-02-12
    Beschreibung: This data set is a description of a novel analogue modelling method used to run lithospheric-scale tectonic models, and to uniquely monitor these models through X-Ray CT-scanning techniques at the Tectonic Modelling Lab of the University of Bern (Switzerland). It includes information on the model set-up and model materials, and includes a step-by-step description of the general modelling procedure. A first application of this novel procedure, for the simulation of lithospheric scale rifting processes can be found in Zwaan & Schreurs (2023a) in Tectonics, with supplementary data publicly available via GFZ Data Services (Zwaan & Schreurs 2023b). The results of this work prove the feasibility of the method, and opens the door to a broad variety of new tectonic modelling studies
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    Drained ring-shear test data of wet silica powder-glass beads-PVC powder mixture “CM2” used for analogue modelling in the laboratory for experimental tectonics (LET) at RomaTre University, Rome, Italy (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-02-12
    Beschreibung: This dataset provides friction data from drained ring-shear tests on a wet (water saturated) silica powder-glass beads-PVC powder mixture (40:40:20 wt.%) “CM2”, used in analogue modelling of tectonic and erosion processes as a rock analogue for the earth’s upper crust (e.g. Conrad et al., 2023, Reitano et al., 2020, 2022. 2023). According to our analysis the materials show a Mohr-Coulomb behaviour characterized by a linear failure envelope. Peak, dynamic and reactivation friction coefficients of CM2 are µP = 0.66, µD = 0.58, and µR = 0.61, respectively. Cohesion of the material ranges between 60-230 Pa. The tested bulk material CM2 consists of a mixture of 40 wt. % silica powder, 40 wt.% glass beads and 20 wt.% PVC powder which has been saturated with water (Table 1). Specification of silica powder is “Ventilated Quartz VR16” (https://www.valligranulati.it/products-granules-quartz-marble-sands-premixed/sheet-m/ventilated-quartz) by the company Valli Granulati S.r.l. (Italy). Ventilated quartz is obtained by micronisation of quartz sands with a high content of SiO2 (around 96%), and used e.g. in paints and abrasives. It should be handled with care to omit generation of dust and a half mask (filter class FFA1P2 RD) should be worn because it can harm the human respiratory tract with the potential of causing silicosis. Glass beads used here have a size (diameter) of 700-110 µm and their individual properties are described in detail Pohlenz et al. (2020). The commercial name for the PVC powder is “PVC K.57 Inovyn 257RF” by the company TPV Compound (Italy). PVC powder is mainly used for cleaning industrial structures (as abrasives) or for the production of PVC tubing, plastic sheets etc. The composition of this PVC powder is the same of the common Polyvinyl chloride. According to the regulation CE n.1272/2008 (CLP), this type of PVC powder is classified as not dangerous for the supply, also thanks to its low value of density and round shape.
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    The Global Heat Flow Database: Update 2023 (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-02-12
    Beschreibung: The data publication contains the compilation of global heat-flow data by the International Heat Flow Commission (IHFC; www.ihfc-iugg.org) of the International Association of Seismology and Physics of the Earth's Interior (IASPEI). The presented data update 2023 contains data generated between 1939 and 2022 and constitutes the first intermediate update benefiting from the global collaborative assessment and quality control of the Global Heat Flow Database running since May 2021 (http://assessment.ihfc-iugg.org).
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    Hydrochemistry and stable oxygen (δ18O) and hydrogen (δ2H) isotopic composition of surface water and ground water and mineralogy, in the Pra Basin (Ghana) West Africa (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-02-12
    Beschreibung: The crystalline aquifer in Ghana’s Pra Basin provides water for over 4 million people as many rivers are polluted by artisanal mining. The aim of the data collection was to understand the origin, quality and chemical evolution of surface water and ground water in order to improve the sustainable management of the resource. Here, we present data on major ions, trace metals, stable oxygen (δ18O) and hydrogen (δ2H) isotope ratios of surface water and ground water and mineralogical composition of rock outcrops from the Pra Basin in Ghana. The field campaign took place in March 2020 (water sampling) and August 2021 (outcrop sampling). A total of 34 surface water and 56 ground water samples were collected from rivers, public boreholes (depth 〉30 m) and hand-dug wells (depth 〈 10 m), respectively. The water samples were analysed for cations and trace metals using the Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). The anions were analysed using the Ion Chromatography (IC). For the stable oxygen (δ18O) and hydrogen (δ2H) isotope ratios, a Picarro L-2140i Ringdown Spectrometer was used. The bulk elemental composition of the rock samples was analysed by X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The mineralogic composition was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) while the Zeiss Axiophot petrographic microscope was used for the petrographic thin section analysis. The data generated from all measurements are provided in a .zip folder consisting of four subfolders. Each folder contains Excel files discussed in the file inventory section.
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    Overviews and videos of top view imagery, topography data and DIC analysis results from analogue models of basin inversion (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-23
    Beschreibung: This data set includes videos depicting the surface evolution (time-lapse photography, topography data and Digital Image Correlation [DIC] analysis) of 11 analogue models, divided in three model series (A, B and C), simulating rifting and subsequent inversion tectonics. In these models we test how orthogonal or oblique extension, followed by either orthogonal or oblique compression, as well as syn-rift sedimentation, influenced the reactivation of rift structures and the development of new inversion structures. We compare these models with an intracontinental inverted basin in NE Brazil (Araripe Basin). All experiments were performed at the Tectonic Modelling Laboratory of the University of Bern (UB). We used an experimental set-up involving two long mobile sidewalls, two rubber sidewalls (fixed between the mobile walls, closing the short model ends), and a mobile and a fixed base plate. We positioned a 5 cm high block consisting of an intercalation of foam (1 cm thick) and Plexiglas (0.5 cm thick) bars on the top of the base plates. Then we added layers of viscous and brittle analogue materials representing the ductile and brittle lower and upper crust in our experiments, which were 3 cm and 6 cm thick, respectively. A seed made of the same viscous material was positioned at the base of the brittle layer, in order to localize the formation of an initial graben in our models. The standard model deformation rate was 20 mm/h, over a duration of 2 hours for a total of 40 mm of divergence, followed by 2 hours of convergence at the same rate (except for Models B3 and C3, since the oblique rifting did not create space for 40 mm of orthogonal inversion). For syn-rift sedimentation, we applied an intercalation of feldspar and quartz sand in the graben. Model parameters and detailed description of model set-up are summarized in Table 1, and results and their interpretation can be found in Richetti et al. (2023).
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    ASPECT models of a mantle plume under West Antarctica (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-23
    Beschreibung: In order to test the feasibility of density and viscosity models suitable to explain geoid and dynamic topography in West Antarctica, we perform computations of a thermal plume that enters at the base of a cartesian box corresponding to a region in the upper mantle, as well as some whole-mantle thermal plume models, as well as some instantaneous disk models, with ASPECT. The plume models have typically a narrow conduit and the plume tends to only become wider as it spreads beneath the lithosphere, typically shallower than ~300 km. These results are most consistent with a shallow disk model with reduced uppermost mantle viscosity, hence providing further support for such low viscosities beneath West Antarctica. The data are a supplement to the following article: Steinberger, B., Grasnick, M.-L. & Ludwig, R., Exploring the Origin of Geoid Low and Topography High in West Antarctica: Insights from Density Anomalies and Mantle Convection Models, Tektonika, https://doi.org/10.55575/tektonika2023.1.2.35
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    Berlin as seen by EnMAP - a (hyperspectral) dataset for active participation in the HYPERedu MOOC on preprocessing techniques (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-23
    Beschreibung: The dataset contains a spaceborne hyperspectral image acquired by EnMAP over Berlin, Germany, and surrounding areas on July 24th, 2022. The data was preprocessed to Level 1B format (systematically and radiometrically corrected) and is provided in separate BSQ files for the VNIR and SWIR sensor of the instrument, respectively. The Level 1B product is accompanied by a history file (xml), a metadata file (xml), six quality masks (cirrus, classes, cloud, cloud shadow, haze and snow) as well as quality test flags and pixel masks for the VNIR and SWIR files separately (all TIF format). In addition, this dataset comes with a digital elevation model, COP-DEM-GLO-30-R (ESA, Copernicus) and a Sentinel-2 scene (ESA, Copernicus) as references for geometric and atmospheric correction with the EnMAP processing tool (EnPT). Please note that the two datasets described above are NOT part of the same license as the EnMAP data. The dataset is made publicly available as part of the Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) "Beyond the Visible - EnMAP data access and image preprocessing techniques", available from July 2023. Guidance on preprocessing hyperspectral imagery in general, access to EnMAP data and a hands-on tutorial on preprocessing of EnMAP data with EnPT in the EnMAP-Box (QGIS plugin) are provided as videos at the HYPERedu YouTube channel, the MOOC course page and the EnPT documentation. More information about the EnMAP mission can be found on the mission website and in Guanter et al. (2016) and Storch et al. (2023).
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    Granular Healing - Python module associated to the 2022 GeoMod material benchmark (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-02-12
    Beschreibung: The software is provided as an executable python module. The software automatically analyzes the files present in the data publication. The results are saved in the form of the images presented in the main publication. Each figure is implemented as a dedicated function that first loads the necessary data, then does some processing steps, such as curve fitting, and then plots the outputs in the desired layout. A 'main' function calls all figure functions sequentially. However, the packages is modular so that each individual plot has a standalone function which could be used with other, similarly structured data. Several submodules provide additional data for plotting, e.g. the 'groups' submodule that contains naming schemes and the densities for all samples.
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    Update of the Heat Flow Database in Mexico and surrounding areas (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-02-12
    Beschreibung: For the integration of this dataset, several research articles were collected from the catalog of The Global Heat Flow Data Assessment Project. Specifically, those that reported heat flow values within Mexican territory and in the country's surrounding seas. The updated database now comprises 1230 heat-flow determinations compiled from 25 different publications. Within this dataset, 49% of the entries represent continental heat-flow data (onshore), while the remaining 51% correspond to marine data (offshore). This data set covers a period from 1970 to 2022. Notably, 92% of the reported heat flow values were obtained via direct temperature measurements (47% through borehole drilling and 45% through probe sensing), while the remaining data (8%) were estimated from indirect methods, such as geothermometer and Curie depth temperature calculations. The data are presented according to the standards defined by the World Heat Flow Database Project and the International Heat Flow Commission (Fuchs et al., 2023).
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
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    Stochastic models for GRACE/GRACE-FO accelerometers and inter-satellite ranging instruments (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-02-12
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
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  • 77
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    Inter-Wind (recorder log files) (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-02-13
    Beschreibung: Within the Inter-Wind project we study wind turbine (WT) emissions with ground motion and acoustic measurements which are accompanied by the acquisition of meteorological parameters as well as psychological surveys of residents living in the vicinity of the wind farms. Measurements are conducted on the Swabian Alb in Southern Germany at wind farms Tegelberg and Lauterstein in multiple interdisciplinary campaigns. Here we focus on measurements with line and ring layouts which are directed at improving the prediction of ground-motion emissions of WTs. This dataset contains recorder log files. Seismic data is stored at GEOFON, network 4C (2020 - 2024, Ritter and Gaßner 2022).
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
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  • 78
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    Simulation data for tracing snowball bifurcation on an earth-like aquaplanet over 4 billion years (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publikationsdatum: 2023-05-04
    Beschreibung: The atmospheric concentration of CO2 at which global glaciation (snowball) bifurcation occurs, changes throughout Earth's history, most notably because of the slowly increasing solar luminosity. Quantifying this critical CO2 concentration is not only interesting from a climate dynamics perspective, but also an important prerequisite for understanding past Snowball Earth episodes as well as the conditions for habitability on Earth and other planets. Here we use the coupled climate model CLIMBER-3α in an Aquaplanet configuration to scan for the Snowball bifurcation point for time slices spanning the last 4 billion years, thus quantifying the time evolution of the bifurcation and identifying a qualitative shift in critical state dynamics.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
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  • 79
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    BASD-CMIP6-PE: bias-adjusted and statistically downscaled CMIP6 projections over Peru and Ecuador (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-24
    Beschreibung: The new climate dataset, BASD-CMIP6-PE, for Peru and Ecuador is based on bias-adjusted and statistically downscaled CMIP6 climate projections from 10 GCMs. It addresses the need for reliable high-resolution (1d, 10km) climate data covering Peru and Ecuador. This dataset includes historical simulations (1850-2014) and future projections (2015-2100) for precipitation and minimum, mean, and maximum temperature under three Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs:SSP1-2.6, SSP3-7.0, and SSP5-8.5). The BASD-CMIP6-PE climate data were generated using the trend-preserving Bias Adjustment and Statistical Downscaling (BASD) method (Lange, 2019, 2021) and data from regional observational datasets such as RAIN4PE (Fernandez-Palomino et al., 2021a,b) for precipitation and PISCO-temperature (Huerta et al., 2018) for temperatures as reference data. The reliability of the BASD-CMIP6-PE was evaluated using observational data and through hydrological modeling across Peruvian and Ecuadorian river basins in the historical period. The evaluation demonstrated the dataset’s reliability in describing spatial patterns of atmospheric variables and streamflow simulation, including mean, low, and high flows. This suggests the usefulness of the new dataset for assessing regional climate change impacts on agriculture, water resources, and hydrological extremes. The BASD-CMIP6-PE data are available for the domain covering Peru and Ecuador, located between 19°S and 2°N and 82°W to 67°W, with a spatial resolution of 0.1° and a daily temporal resolution. The unit for precipitation is millimeters (mm), and for temperature, it is degrees Celsius (°C). The BASD-CMIP6-PE dataset is organized within a "daily" folder, denoting its availability at a 1 daily temporal resolution. Within this directory, four subfolders are present: "historical" containing historical data, "ssp126" for SSP1-2.6, "ssp370" for SSP3-7.0, and "ssp585" for SSP5-8.5. Each of these subfolders further includes ten distinct folders, corresponding to different GCMs: CanESM5, IPSL–CM6A–LR, UKESM1–0–LL, CNRM–CM6–1, CNRM–ESM2–1, MIROC6, GFDL–ESM4, MRI–ESM2–0, MPI–ESM1–2–HR, and EC–Earth3. These folders store the data in the NetCDF format arranged by model, model member, experiment, variable, temporal resolution, and subset period, resulting in file names like "canesm5_r1i1p1f1_ssp126_pr_daily_2015_2020.nc". For a detailed description of the BASD-CMIP6-PE development and evaluation, readers are advised to read Fernandez-Palomino et al. (2023), for which this dataset is supplementary material.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
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  • 80
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    Monsoon Planet: simulation data to examine monsoon dynamics with idealized topography (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-02-08
    Beschreibung: The atmosphere model of the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL-AM2) is coupled to a slab ocean in order to analyse the monsoon's sensitivity to changes in various forcing parameters on a planet with idealized topography. This monsoon planet design of a water planet with a zonal circumglobal land stripe allows to extract the relevant monsoon behaviour and reduces the influence of topography. Besides the width and location of the land stripe, the atmospheric CO2 concentration, incoming solar radiation, sulfate aerosol concentration and surface albedo are variied. Horizontal grid resolution is 2° latitude x 2.5° longitude. For the vertical grid, a hybrid coordinate grid with 24 vertical levels is implemented. The lowest model level starts about 30 m above the surface and the top level is at about 3 hPa. The vertical resolution is decreasing towards higher altitudes. Advective and physics time steps are 10 minutes and 0.5 hours, for atmopsheric radiation 3 hours time steps are used. Instead of an ocean general circulation model, a mixed-layer slab ocean is used.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
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  • 81
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    Fuzzy Sets Methods in Image Processing and Understanding : Medical Imaging Applications (2023)
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
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    Schlagwort(e): Biotechnology. ; Computer vision. ; Radiology. ; Biotechnology. ; Computer Vision. ; Radiology.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Introduction -- Preliminaries -- Fuzzy spatial objects (fuzzy geometry and topology, set theoretic operations) -- Mathematical morphology -- Distances and similarities between fuzzy sets -- Machine learning in image processing and understanding -- Fusion -- Spatial relations -- Structural representations.
    Kurzfassung: This book provides a thorough overview of recent methods using higher level information (object or scene level) for advanced tasks such as image understanding along with their applications to medical images. Advanced methods for fuzzy image processing and understanding are presented, including fuzzy spatial objects, geometry and topology, mathematical morphology, machine learning, verbal descriptions of image content, fusion, spatial relations, and structural representations. For each methodological aspect covered, illustrations from the medical imaging domain are provided. This is an ideal book for graduate students and researchers in the field of medical image processing. This book also: Enriches reader understanding of the latest fuzzy sets methods using higher level information (object or scene level) for advanced tasks, such as image understanding Shares many insights into fuzzy spatial objects, including fuzzy geometry and topology as well as set theoretical operations Covers in detail machine learning in image processing and understanding, with special focus on clustering, classification, and basic and advanced fuzzy methods .
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: XIII, 302 p. 97 illus., 45 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Ausgabe: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031194252
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19425-2
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-19425-2
    DDC: 660.6
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 82
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    Sustainable Forest Management in the Himalaya (2023)
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): Forestry. ; Geography. ; Biotic communities. ; Forestry. ; Regional Geography. ; Ecosystems.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Chapter 1. Introduction -- Chapter 2. Forest Land Use/Cover Change -- Chapter 3. Forest Classifications and Working Circles -- Chapter 4. National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries, and Conservation Reserves -- Chapter 5. Forest Diversity and Distribution -- Chapter 6. Forest Stocks and Products -- Chapter 7. Environmental Index -- Chapter 8. Ecosystem Goods and Services -- Chapter 9. Drivers of Forest Degradation and Conservation Measures -- Chapter 10. Climate Change and Forests -- Chapter 11. Cultural and Socio-Economic Significance of Forests -- Chapter 12. Sustainable Forest Management -- Chapter 13. Conclusions.
    Kurzfassung: This volume presents a comprehensive description of forests of the Uttarakhand Himalaya. It looks into the major drivers of forest depletion and suggests paths toward sustainable forest management. The book comprises thirteen chapters, which together describe forest land use/cover change; forest classification and working circles; national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, and conservation reserves; forest diversity and distribution; forest stocks and products; ecosystem goods and services; environmental index; drivers of forest degradation and conservation; climate change and forests; cultural and economic significance of forests, and sustainable forest management. The text is richly complemented by nearly seventy photographs and figures.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: XXX, 172 p. 71 illus., 69 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Ausgabe: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031219368
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21936-8
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-21936-8
    DDC: 634.9
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 83
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    Online-Ressource
    Mexican Fauna in the Anthropocene (2023)
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): Biodiversity. ; Biotic communities. ; Conservation biology. ; Ecology . ; Vertebrates. ; Invertebrates. ; Biodiversity. ; Ecosystems. ; Conservation Biology. ; Vertebrate Zoology. ; Invertebrate Zoology.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 1.1 General Introduction Principal -- 2. Zoloogical Groups -- 2.1 Arachnids -- 2.2 Insects: Migrants, endemics, and old to new pests -- 2.3 Freshwater decapod crustaceans: the challenges of documenting and preserving a very diverse fauna -- 2.4 Mexican molluscs: In the process of a 'silent extinction' -- 2.5 Amphibians and reptiles -- 2.6 Anthropocene impacts on the Mexican freshwater fish fauna -- 2.7 Mexican avifaunas of the Anthropocene -- 2.8 Marine birds -- 2.9 Terrestrial mammals -- 2.10 Marine mammals -- 2.11Mexican bats: conservation challenges in the Anthropocene -- 3. Ecosytems -- 3.1 The impact of the growth of urban environments on Mexican fauna -- 3.2 Anchialine fauna of the Yucatan Peninsula -- 3.3 Semi-terrestrial and aquatic invertebrates and fish in mangroves in México -- 3.4 Defaunation of Mexican tropical forests3.5 Mezcal boom and extinction debts in Mexican arid ecosystems -- 3.6 Deep sea life -- 3.7 The importance of agroecosystems for the Mexican fauna -- 3.8 The salamanders of the Mexican cloud forest -- 3.9 Human effects on caves in Mexico -- 3.10 Fauna of lakes and rivers -- 3.11 Coral reef faunal assemblages in the Mexican Caribbean: assessing the cryptic biodiversity -- 4 Processes -- 4.1 Contemporary climate change impacts on Mexican fauna -- 4.2 Invasive alien species of invertebrates and fishes introduced to Mexican freshwater systems -- 4.3 Are marine fisheries sustainable? -- 4.4 Pest dynamics in Mexican forests -- 4.5 Pollination by wild and managed animal vectors -- 4.6 Social participation strategies for the conservation of Mexican fauna -- 4.7 Citizen science for deep ocean biodiversity: a crowdsourcing tool in support of conservation -- 4.8 Legal actions for the conservation of fauna.
    Kurzfassung: This contributed volume presents an analysis of the current conservation status of major faunal groups in Mexico. The chapters describe a prognosis of future challenges, and also explore the expanding threats inherent in the Anthropocene within the context of the unique physical, biological and cultural aspects of the nation. Covering 27 chapters, and written by Mexican and international authors, this book analyzes a wide range of vertebrate and invertebrate animal taxa, their ecosystems and the critical processes related to their present conservation status. This volume is an important reference material for researchers, conservationists and students interested in the biological and ecological processes shaping the Mexican fauna.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: XVII, 597 p. 50 illus. , online resource.
    Ausgabe: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031172779
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17277-9
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-17277-9
    DDC: 333.95
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 84
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    Southern Baltic Coastal Systems Analysis (2023)
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): Freshwater ecology. ; Marine ecology. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Biotic communities. ; Social sciences. ; Humanities. ; Environmental management. ; Freshwater and Marine Ecology. ; Water. ; Ecosystems. ; Humanities and Social Sciences. ; Environmental Management.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Part I. Introduction -- Chapter 1. Southern Baltic Coastal Systems Analysis: Questions, Conceptions and Red Threads -- Chapter 2. Coastal Ecosystems from a Social-Ecological Perspective -- Part II. Ecological Structures and Functions of the German Baltic Sea Coast -- Chapter 3. The Abiotic Background: Climatic, Hydrological and Geological Conditions of the Southern Baltic -- Chapter 4. Geological and Sedimentary Conditions -- Chapter 5. Environmental Conditions at the Coast: The Terrestrial Ecosystems -- Chapter 6. Environmental Conditions at the Coast: Shoreline Ecosystems -- Chapter 7. Ecosystem and Landscape Functions of the Coast: Recent Research Results -- Chapter 8: Benthic Habitats and Their Inhabitants -- Part III. Ecological Structures and Functions of Coastal Water and Offshore Ecosystems -- Chapter 9. Introducing the Ecological Aspects -- Chapter 10. Baltic Sea Aquatic Ecosystems in a Gradient from Land to Open Sea -- Chapter 11. Comparison of Abiotic Parameters and Dominant Primary Producers Between the Two Main Investigation Areas -- Chapter 12. Short-Term Variability, Long-Term Trends and Seasonal Aspects in the Darß-Zingst Bodden Chain -- Chapter 13. Carbon Fluxes/Food-Webs: Effect of Macrophytes on Food Web Characteristics in Coastal Lagoons -- Chapter 14. Ecological Structure in Benthic Habitats of Offshore Waters -- Chapter 15. Patterns of Bioturbation and Associated Matter Fluxes -- Chapter 16. Seasonal Aspects and Short-Term Variability of the Pelagic Offshore Ecosystems -- Chapter 17. Long-Term Trends of the Offshore Ecosystems -- Chapter 18. Nutrient and Limitation Regimes in Coastal Water Ecosystems -- Part IV. Combining the Aspects: Ecosystem Service Assessment -- Chapter 19. The Human Factor: Coastal Social-Ecological Systems -- Chapter 20. Introduction: The Concept of Ecosystem Service Assessment Applied to Coastal Systems -- Chapter 21. The Missing Links in Ecosystem Service Research -- Chapter 22. Eudaimonic Valuation of Cultural Ecosystem Services -- Chapter 23. Economic Valuation of Cultural Ecosystem Services -- Chapter 24. Spatial Ecosystem Service Assessment Across the Land-Sea-Interface -- Chapter 25. Temporal Changes in Aquatic Ecosystem Services Provision: Approach and Examples -- Chapter 26. Assessing Temporal Changes in Ecosystem Service Provisions: Conceiving Future Pathways -- Part V. Synthesis: Assessment as a Tool for Managing Coastal Ecosystems? -- Chapter 27. Applying the Integrated Approach -- Chapter 28. Mechanisms of Ecosystem Service Production: An Outcome of Ecosystem Functions and Ecological Integrity in Coastal Lagoons -- Chapter 29. Ecosystem Service Assessment in European Coastal and Marine Policies -- Chapter 30. Ecosystem Services and Sustainable Development: The Case for Strong Sustainability -- Chapter 31. Concluding Remarks.
    Kurzfassung: This book gives an overall analysis of the current knowledge status about structures, functions, utilization for German Baltic coast ecosystems. The main focus of this book is on the aquatic area, but land/sea interactions as well as river outfalls are included as well. Characteristic for this book is the inclusion of social science aspects. Approximately one third of its extent will be about the ecosystem services. In this segment the results of the last 6 years are presented in which a comprehensive quantification of the social relevance of ecosystems was carried out covering the entire area of the German Baltic Sea. This part builds directly on the results of scientific investigations and are in relation to social ideals. The assessment will not only be economically and ethically but also the mechanisms that are used for the valorisation of the ecosystem services will be evaluated. Both sub-areas, the classic natural science part as well as the part of social science aspects, deal with the changes caused by increasing anthropogenic influence and social (including demographic) changes. This will be among others in the sense of an exemplary historical outline. The final chapter of the synthesis therefore not only presents a summary of the level of knowledge gained and a deduction of the research needs. It further contains a presentation of the application aspects resulting from the analysis of the social relevance gained from basic scientific research. The book is aimed at scientists (and students) of natural, life and social sciences, analysing functioning and structures of coastal ecosystems with regard to sustainable use and nature protection, including aspects of coastal protection. Besides, it is thought to become a reference for all levels of decision makers and stakeholders in coastal and marine management of the Baltic and North Sea region, providing also a blueprint for system analysis respecting for societal as well as biological aspects world-wide.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: XV, 387 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Ausgabe: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031136825
    Serie: Ecological Studies, Analysis and Synthesis, 246
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13682-5
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-13682-5
    DDC: 577.6
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 85
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    Prions and Diseases (2023)
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
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    Schlagwort(e): Neurosciences. ; Human physiology. ; Neurology . ; Life sciences. ; Physiology. ; Neuroscience. ; Human Physiology. ; Neurology. ; Life Sciences. ; Animal Physiology. ; Life Sciences.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Part I: HISTORY -- Chapter 1: Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy: from its beginnings to Daniel Carleton Gajdusek -- Part II: GENERAL ASPECTS OF PRIONS -- Chapter 2: The Rich Chemistry of the Copper and Zinc Sites in Cellular Prion Protein -- Chapter 3: Mammalian Prion Structures -- Chapter 4: Insoluble Cellular Prion Protein and Other Neurodegeneration-related Misfolded Protein Aggregates in the Brain of Asymptomatic Individuals -- Part III: CONVERSION AND STRAIN OF PRIONS -- Chapter 5: Prion Conversion and Deformed Templating -- Chapter 6: Prion Strain Interference -- Chapter 7: Molecular Mechanisms Encoding Strains of Prions and Prion-Like Misfolded Proteins -- Chapter 8: Cofactor Involvement in Prion Propagation -- Chapter 9: Prion Protein Conversion and Lipids -- Part IV: ENVIRONMENT AND TRANSMISSION OF PRIONS -- Chapter 10: Prions in the Environment -- Chapter 11: Environmentally Acquired Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy -- Chapter 12: Risk of Transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease by Blood Transfusion -- Chapter 13: Species Barriers in Prion Disease -- Part V: MODELLING OF PRIONS -- Chapter 14: Modeling the Cell Biology of Prions -- Chapter 15: Transgenic Mice Modelling in Prion Diseases -- Chapter 16: Stem Cell Models in Prion Research -- Chapter 17: Drosophila Models of Prion Diseases -- Part VI: HUMAN PRION DISEASES AND OTHER PATHOLOGIES -- Chapter 18: Human Sporadic Prion Diseases -- Chapter 19 Genetic Creutzfeldt-Jakob and Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker Diseases -- Chapter 20: Glycoform-selective Prions in Sporadic and Inherited Variably Protease-sensitive Prionopathies -- Chapter 21: The Spectrum of Tau Pathology in Human Prion Disease -- Chapter 22: Prion Protein Complex with mGluR5 Mediates Amyloid-ß Synaptic Loss in Alzheimer’s Disease -- Chapter 23: Prion and Cancers -- Chapter 24: Protective Role of Cellular Prion Protein in Tissue Ischemic/Reperfusion Injury -- Part VII: ANIMAL PRION DISEASES -- Chapter 25: Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy -- Chapter 26: Classical and Atypical Scrapie in Sheep and Goats -- Chapter 27: Research models for studying chronic wasting disease -- Part VIII: YEAST PRIONS -- Chapter 28: Introduction to Yeast and Fungal Prions -- Chapter 29: Yeast Prions Are Folded, In-Register Parallel Amyloids Subject to Multiple Anti-prion Systems -- Part IX: DIAGNOSIS AND HUMAN PRION SURVEILLANCE -- Chapter 30: Real-time quaking-induced conversion (QuIC) assays for the detection and diagnosis of human prion diseases -- Chapter 31: Protein Misfolding Cyclic Amplification -- Chapter 32: Skin Misfolded Proteins as Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Prion and Prion-like Diseases -- Chapter 33: Diagnosis of Prion Disease: Conventional Approaches -- Chapter 34: Human Prion Disease Surveillance -- Part X: TREATMENT -- Chapter 35: Overview on Treatment of Prion Diseases and Decontamination of Prions -- Chapter 36: Gene Therapy Strategies for Prophylactic and Therapeutic Treatments of Human Prion Diseases -- Chapter 37: Immunomodulation.
    Kurzfassung: Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE), now known as prion diseases, have been recognized for nearly 300 years in animals and almost 100 years in humans. Modern studies, including protein-misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA), have greatly advanced our understanding of the pathogenesis of prion diseases and facilitated the identification of new prion diseases in animals and humans. In the second edition of Prions and Diseases, more than 60 leading researchers and clinicians worldwide provide an up-to-date discussion of these unique infectious pathogens and their associated diseases. The book provides up-to-date knowledge about the etiology, pathogenesis, classification, histopathological, and clinical aspects of the full range of animal and human prion diseases. As a result, the book contains the most authoritative views about the past, present, and future of prions and prion diseases covering fresh perspectives on important emerging topics such as inherited human prion disease, stem-cell models in prion research, human prion disease surveillance, and gene therapy strategies.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: XII, 793 p. 81 illus., 62 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Ausgabe: 2nd ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031205651
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20565-1
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-20565-1
    DDC: 612.8
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 86
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    Online-Ressource
    Primates in Anthropogenic Landscapes : Exploring Primate Behavioural Flexibility Across Human Contexts (2023)
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): Zoology. ; Human evolution. ; Anthropology. ; Physical anthropology. ; Animal culture. ; Zoology. ; Evolutionary Anthropology. ; Physical-Biological Anthropology. ; Animal Science.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Introduction -- Part 1-Human Influences on Primate Habitats -- Forest Fragmentation -- Primates in Regenerating Forest -- Responses of primates to roads: Dispersal barriers, mortality, and secondary effects -- Hunting by humans -- Primate-dog interactions -- Primate Tourism -- Infectious disease -- Climate change impacts on non-human primates – what have we modelled and what do we do now? -- PART 2: PRIMATES IN HUMAN-DOMINATED LANSCAPES -- Community-based conservation strategies to promote primate conservation in agricultural landscapes -- Translocated primate populations -- Translocated primate populations -- Exploring the human-primate interface -- Planning primate conservation in shared landscapes -- Non-pathogenic influences on primate health and behaviour -- PART 3: PRIMATES IN CAPTIVITY -- Anthropogenic and observer effects on primate behaviour: Perspectives on the continuum of wild-captive behaviour -- The primate pet trade -- Rescue, rehabilitation, and reintroduction.
    Kurzfassung: The field of primatology has expanded substantially in the last twenty years, particularly with regard to studies of primates in human-altered landscapes. This text aims to review the recent literature on anthropogenic (of human origin) influences on non-human primates, bringing an overview of this important area of primatology together for students. Chapters are grouped into three sections, representing the many ways anthropogenic activities affect primate populations. The first section, ‘Human Influences on Primate Habitat’, covers ways in which wild primates are affected by human actions, including forest fragmentation, climate change, and the presence of dogs. Section two, ‘Primates in Human-Dominated Landscapes’, looks at situations where non-human primates and humans share space; this includes primates in urban environments, primate tourism, and primates in agroecosystems. The final section, ‘Primates in Captivity’, looks at primate behaviour and welfare in captive situations, including zoos, the primate pet trade, and in entertainment.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: XIII, 346 p. 36 illus., 29 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Ausgabe: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031117367
    Serie: Developments in Primatology: Progress and Prospects,
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11736-7
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-11736-7
    DDC: 590
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 87
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    Basic and Clinical Immunology by Names : From the Biblical Time Until the Present (2023)
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): Immunology. ; Medicine History. ; Medicine Research. ; Biology Research. ; Immunology. ; History of Medicine. ; Biomedical Research.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- Z.
    Kurzfassung: Hundreds of eponyms are used within the field of immunology—Petri dish, Crohn’s disease, Bence Jones protein, Kupffer cells, Freund's adjuvant, Ouchterlony immunodiffusion, to name just a few—but most of us don't know much about the individuals who gave their names to these terms. Where were they born and educated, what other accomplishments are they credited with, why has history chosen to remember them, or not? This book presents the first comprehensive collection of immunologic eponyms, and through them tells the story of this fascinating field, from its earliest beginnings to present day. Organized by surname and meticulously cross-referenced and indexed, this book offers historical anecdotes and little-known facts which scientists, clinicians, students, and general readers will find captivating and memorable. A one-of-a-kind introduction to immunology that serves as both a history lesson and current reference on the diseases, treatments, and individuals who have been crucial to this field.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: XXVIII, 405 p. , online resource.
    Ausgabe: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031145292
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14529-2
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-14529-2
    DDC: 571.96
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 88
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    Online-Ressource
    The Secret Lives of Transcription Factors : In Heterochromatin Regulation (2023)
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): Cytology. ; Physiology. ; Medical genetics. ; Cell Biology. ; Physiology. ; Medical Genetics.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Chapter 1 Introduction -- Chapter 2 Unconventional functions of transcription factors -- GAGA transcription factor -- Heterochromatin protein 1 -- Retinoblastoma protein -- STAT -- ATF-2 -- NF-kB -- Chapter 3 STAT and HP1, in their unconventional roles, promote longevity and protect against DNA damage and cancer -- STAT and HP1 promote longevity -- STAT and HP1 protect against DNA damage -- Increased levels of STAT and HP1 hinder carcinogenesis in a mouse xenograft model -- Chapter 4 The possible biological significance of transcription factors’ unconventional functions -- The epigenome -- Processes in the cell nucleus -- Future Work.
    Kurzfassung: This SpringerBrief explores unconventional functions of eight different transcription factors and concludes with a discussion of their biological significance and impact, including effects on processes within the cell nucleaus during development and in adult organisms. Chapter One details unconventional functions of the transcription factors GAGA, HP1, Rb, STAT, ATF-2 and NF-kB. Surprisingly, all of these transcription factors can be found in association with heterochromatin as well as euchromatin, and in some cases unconventional functions have been demonstrated for these heterochromatin-associated factors. Chapter Two focuses on the unconventional functions of STAT and HP1 and discusses their roles in the promotion of longevity, and in protection from cancer and DNA damage. Chapter Three explores the biological significance of the findings presented in the first two chapters and considers how global changes in the epigenome brought about by factors such as STAT and HP1 might affect processes within the cell nucleus during development and in adult organisms. This succinct yet thorough SpringerBrief is essential for researchers studying epigenetics, and to instructors of the subject. It should also appeal to people interested in the control of gene transcription and other processes in the cell nucleus, and to those interested in development.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: VI, 45 p. 6 illus., 5 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Ausgabe: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031290299
    Serie: SpringerBriefs in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-29029-9
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-29029-9
    DDC: 571.6
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Biochemistry and Cell Biology of Ageing: Part IV, Clinical Science (2023)
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): Aging. ; Cytology. ; Clinical biochemistry. ; Proteins . ; Ageing. ; Cell Biology. ; Medical Biochemistry. ; Protein Biochemistry.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Chapter 1:Introduction: Historical Development and Progression of Clinical Research on Ageing -- Chapter 2:Bone Cells Metabolic Changes Induced by Ageing -- Chapter 3:Chronic Inflammation as an Underlying Mechanism of Ageing and Ageing-related Diseases -- Chapter 4: Heart Disease and Ageing: The roles of Senescence, Mitochondria and Telomerase in Cardiovascular Disease -- Chapter 5: Chronic Kidney Disease and the Exposome of Ageing -- Chapter 6: Sarcopenia and Ageing -- Chapter 7: Tendon Ageing -- Chapter 8: Virus Infections in Older People -- Chapter 9: Models and Biomarkers for Ovarian Ageing -- Chapter 10: Ageing and the Autonomic Nervous System -- Chapter 11: Astrocytes in Ageing -- Chapter 12: Hearing and Ageing -- Chapter 13: Melatonin and Ageing -- Chapter 14: Protein and Energy Supplements for the Elderly -- Chapter 15: Ageing, Metabolic Dysfunction, and the Therapeutic Role of Antioxidants -- Chapter 16: Clinical Ageing.
    Kurzfassung: This book provides an up-to-date overview of key areas of ageing research and bridges the gap between the subcellular events and the reality of ageing as seen in clinical practice. To this end, the reader learns about the historical development and progression of clinical ageing research. All chapters address the biochemistry or cell biology of various ageing events (to the extent that the data are available) and work their way to the clinical understanding we have of ageing. The focus of this volume is on how dietary restriction, virus infection and chronic inflammation affect the ageing process. Additionally, this book discusses how phosphate metabolism and metabolic dysfunction contribute to ageing events and how various organs and tissues (e.g. tendons, ears, heart muscle, and the endocrine system) age. This book follows on from Parts I, II and III of Biochemistry and Cell Biology of Ageing within the Subcellular Biochemistry book series and aims to bring the subcellular and clinical areas into closer contact by including interesting and significant biomedical ageing topics that were not included in the earlier volumes. Comprehensive and cutting-edge, this book is a valuable resource for experienced researchers and early career scientist alike, who are interested in learning more about the fascinating and challenging question of why and how our cells age.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: VIII, 458 p. 48 illus., 46 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Ausgabe: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031265761
    Serie: Subcellular Biochemistry, 103
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26576-1
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-26576-1
    DDC: 571.878
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 90
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    Marine Mammals : A Deep Dive into the World of Science (2023)
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): Zoology. ; Veterinary medicine. ; Freshwater ecology. ; Marine ecology. ; Zoology. ; Veterinary Science. ; Freshwater and Marine Ecology.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Chapter 1. Who are the marine mammals? -- Chapter 2. Marine mammal acoustics -- Chapter 3. Whaling, seal culling, and the effect of fisheries on marine mammals -- Chapter 4. Plastic debris and its impacts on marine mammals -- Chapter 5. Chemical pollution and diseases of marine mammals -- Chapter 6. How to become a marine mammal scientist.
    Kurzfassung: This highly-readable Open Access textbook provides basic background information about marine mammals and anthropogenic impacts on them. The book includes inspiring exercises for education school programs in natural sciences. The book also provides advice on career paths using case studies of marine scientists and veterinarians describing their journeys from student to profession. By sharing real-life career paths, readers find answers to questions such as “What needs to be considered when choosing a career in science?” and “What kind of tasks do scientists undertake on a daily basis?” Marine mammals are amongst some of the most celebrated creatures on Earth, with their high intelligence, social and communicating skills, and capacity for deep diving. Alongside general information about marine mammals, the book aims at generating awareness of the impact of litter and noise pollution on the marine environment using marine mammals as an example. Huge numbers of marine animals, including marine mammals, die every year from entanglement in fishing gear, by ingestion of litter or because of chemical pollution. In the last decade many technological and scientific tools have been developed to aid research, for instance miniaturised sound recorders which can be attached to cetaceans and seals and record noise levels around them, their vocal production as well as their diving behaviour. This Open Access textbook can be used by undergraduate students interested in the fundamentals of marine mammal biology and medicine, and in pursuing the profession of a marine scientist. .
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: X, 95 p. 32 illus., 30 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Ausgabe: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031068362
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06836-2
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-06836-2
    DDC: 590
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 91
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    Neuroimmune Interactions in Pain : Mechanisms and Therapeutics (2023)
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): Neurosciences. ; Pain medicine. ; Neurology . ; Anesthesiology. ; Neuroscience. ; Pain Medicine. ; Neurology. ; Anesthesiology.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Introduction to Acute, Chronic, and Episodic Pain -- Inflammation and Pain -- Animal Models of Pain and Anti-inflammatory Treatments -- Inflammatory Mediators, Nociceptors, and Their Interactions in Pain -- Immune and Glial Cells in Pain and Their Interactions with Nociceptive Neurons -- Sex Differences in Neuroimmune Interactions and Pain -- Neuroimmune Interactions in Itch -- Toll-like Receptors in Pain and Itch -- Immunotherapy and Pain -- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Pain Medicine - Preclinical Studies -- Cell-based Therapies in Pain Management -- Platelet-Rich Plasma and Autologous Conditioned Serum: Non-Cellular Biologic Therapies for Neuroimmune Modulation and the Treatment of Arthritis Pain -- Exercise and Diet in the Control of Inflammation and Pain -- Mechanism-Based Pain Therapies -- Neuromodulation in Pain Management -- What Patients Need to Know about Pain Therapy?.
    Kurzfassung: As lifespans increase, more people around the world find themselves victims of chronic pain. In spite of this, treatment options continue to be severely limited. Anti-inflammatory drugs can only do so much, while painkillers like opioids have led to crippling addictions and fatal overdoses. The subject of the book is the role of immune cells, including glial cells, and neuroimmune interactions in chronic pain. The book begins by examining the preclinical and clinical evidence supporting the involvement of non-neuronal cells in chronic pain. It discusses the interactions between non-neuronal cells and neurons in the regulation of chronic pain. It then presents the implications of these findings, including promising and emerging treatments such as specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs, such as resolvins and protectins), immune cell therapy, and complementary and alternative medicine, as well as neuromodulation and regenerative medicine, which may prove to be the turning point for hundreds of millions of patients world-wide who struggle to escape from the shadow of chronic pain. The book presents ground-breaking research that will alter current perspectives on chronic pain.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: X, 364 p. 45 illus., 41 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Ausgabe: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031292316
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-29231-6
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-29231-6
    DDC: 612.8
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 92
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    Machine Learning and Deep Learning in Computational Toxicology (2023)
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): Toxicology. ; Machine learning. ; Artificial intelligence. ; Toxicology. ; Machine Learning. ; Artificial Intelligence.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Machine Learning and Deep Learning Promotes Predictive Toxicology for Risk Assessment of Chemicals -- Multi-Modal Deep Learning Approaches for Molecular Toxicity prediction -- Emerging Machine Learning Techniques in Predicting Adverse Drug Reactions -- Drug Effect Deep Learner Based on Graphical Convolutional Network -- AOP Based Machine Learning for Toxicity Prediction -- Graph Kernel Learning for Predictive Toxicity Models -- Optimize and Strengthen Machine Learning Models Based on in vitro Assays with Mecha-nistic Knowledge and Real-World Data -- Multitask Learning for Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships: A Tutorial -- Isalos Predictive Analytics Platform: Cheminformatics, Nanoinformatics and Data Mining Applications -- ED Profiler: Machine Learning Tool for Screening Potential Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals -- Quantitative Target-specific Toxicity Prediction Modeling (QTTPM): Coupling Machine Learning with Dynamic Protein-Ligand Interaction Descriptors (dyPLIDs) to Predict Androgen Receptor-mediated Toxicity -- Mold2 Descriptors Facilitate Development of Machine Learning and Deep Learning Models for Predicting Toxicity of Chemicals -- Applicability Domain Characterization for Machine Learning QSAR Models -- Controlling for Confounding in Complex Survey Machine Learning Models to Assess Drug Safety and Risk. .
    Kurzfassung: This book is a collection of machine learning and deep learning algorithms, methods, architectures, and software tools that have been developed and widely applied in predictive toxicology. It compiles a set of recent applications using state-of-the-art machine learning and deep learning techniques in analysis of a variety of toxicological endpoint data. The contents illustrate those machine learning and deep learning algorithms, methods, and software tools and summarise the applications of machine learning and deep learning in predictive toxicology with informative text, figures, and tables that are contributed by the first tier of experts. One of the major features is the case studies of applications of machine learning and deep learning in toxicological research that serve as examples for readers to learn how to apply machine learning and deep learning techniques in predictive toxicology. This book is expected to provide a reference for practical applications of machine learning and deep learning in toxicological research. It is a useful guide for toxicologists, chemists, drug discovery and development researchers, regulatory scientists, government reviewers, and graduate students. The main benefit for the readers is understanding the widely used machine learning and deep learning techniques and gaining practical procedures for applying machine learning and deep learning in predictive toxicology. .
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: XIX, 635 p. 149 illus., 124 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Ausgabe: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031207303
    Serie: Computational Methods in Engineering & the Sciences,
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20730-3
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-20730-3
    DDC: 615.90072
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 93
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    A Field Guide to Tropical Plant Families (2023)
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): Botany. ; Plant anatomy. ; Biodiversity. ; Plant Science. ; Plant Anatomy and Morphology. ; Biodiversity.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Part I – User manual and architectural concepts. Chapter 1. Introduction -- Chapter 2. How to use this book 6 -- Chapter 3. Architectural concepts and key to the models -- Part II. Identification keys -- Chapter 4. Key to the groups of families of trees and shrubs (groups 1 to 52) -- Chapter 5. Keys to families of trees and shrubs -- Chapter 6. Supplementary keys -- Chapter 7. Keys to the groups of families of lianas and woody epiphytic (groups 53 to 57) -- Chapter 8. Keys to families of lianas and woody epiphytes -- PART III. Description of the families -- Chapter 9. Acanthaceae to Asteraceae -- Chapter 10. Bignoniaceae to Buxaceae -- Chapter 11. Cactaceae to Cycadaceae -- Chapter 12. Dichapetalaceae to Dipterocarpaceae -- Chapter 13. Ebenaceae to Euphorbiaceae -- Chapter 14. Fagaceae -- Chapter 15. Gentianaceae to Goupiaceae -- Chapter 16. Hamamelidaceae to Humiriaceae -- Chapter 17. Icacinaceae s.l. to Irvingiaceae -- Chapter 18. Juglandaceae -- Chapter 19. Lamiaceae to Lythraceae -- Chapter 20. Magnoliaceae to Myrtaceae -- Chapter 21. Nyctaginaceae,- Chapter 22. Ochnaceae to Oxalidaceae -- Chapter 23. Pandaceae to Putranjivaceae -- Chapter 24. Rhabdodendraceae to Rutaceae -- Chapter 25. Sabiaceae to Symplocaceae -- Chapter 26. Tetramelaceae to Torricelliaceae -- Chapter 27. Ulmaceae s.l. to Urticaceae -- Chapter 28. Verbenaceae to Vochysiaceae -- Chapter 29. Zygophyllaceae s.l -- Chapter 30. Herbaceous versus arborescent habit in the families and orders of flowering plants - evolutionary trends.
    Kurzfassung: This book provides an identification system permitting recognition of plant families in all seasons by means of morphological and macroanatomical features which are easily observable, such as bark, exudates, stems and leaves characters. Studies of forest vegetation may differ in their underlying objectives, but they all require taxonomic knowledge. The process of taxonomy begins with an inventory of the flora, which has been based to a large extent on reproduction-related organs, such as flowers and fruits. But, those are often difficult to observe and may not exist in the field at a given time. Unlike most such guides or keys, this book can be used anywhere in the tropics and provides, in a straightforward two or three-step process, identification to the level of families, which are now circumscribed according to molecular as well as morphological characters in the universally accepted scheme of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. Plant architecture is not a prerequisite theme for plant identification; however, we think that an introduction to this subject is not out of place in this book (architectural traits are taxonomically sound): it is now time for botanists working in the tropics to have an idea on how the whole organism keeps growing. Within the family accounts, there is information concerning important economic plants with notes on the larger genera and, particularly helpfully, discussion of families readily confused and how to separate them. Descriptions of the families rely on short diagnosis bolstered by many photographic pictures, lines drawings and extracts from the author’s field books, all showing features of plants as they are found in the forest.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: XVII, 494 p. 909 illus., 850 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Ausgabe: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031059421
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05942-1
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-05942-1
    DDC: 580
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Smart Livestock Nutrition (2023)
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): Veterinary medicine. ; Agriculture. ; Physiology. ; Agricultural genome mapping. ; Animal welfare Moral and ethical aspects. ; Veterinary Science. ; Agriculture. ; Animal Physiology. ; Agricultural Genetics. ; Animal Ethics.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Chapter 1. Putting Smart into Nutrition -- Chapter 2. Mozatching Feed Characteristics to Animal Requirements Through Plant Breeding -- Chapter 3. Circular Feed Production and Consumption in The Context Of Smart Animal Nutrition -- Chapter 4. Assessment of The Nutritive Value of Individual Feeds and Diets by Novel Technologies -- Chapter 5. Large Scale Phenotyping and Genotyping: State of The Art and Emerging Challenges -- Chapter 6. Mathematical and Statistical Approaches to The Challenge of Forecasting Animal Performance for The Purposes of Precision Livestock Feeding -- Chapter 7. Smart Pig Nutrition in the Digital Era -- Chapter 8. Smart Poultry Nutrition -- Chapter 9. Advanced Technology in Aquaculture – Smart Feeding in Marine Fish Farms -- 10. Smart Nutrition of Extensively Kept Ruminants -- Chapter 11. The Potential Contribution of Smart Animal Nutrition in Reducing The Environmental Impacts of Livestock Systems.
    Kurzfassung: This book highlights the latest findings and techniques related to nutrition and feed efficiency in animal agriculture. It addresses the key challenges facing the nutrition industry to achieve high animal productivity with minimal environmental impact. The concept of smart nutrition involves the use of smart technologies in the feeding and management of livestock. The first chapters focus on advances in biological fields such as molecular agriculture and genotype selection, as well as technologies that enhance or enable the collection of relevant information. The next section highlights applications of smart nutrition in a variety of livestock systems, ranging from intensive indoor housing of broilers and pigs to extensive outdoor housing of cattle and sheep, and marine fish farms. Finally, because of the worldwide attention to this issue, the authors address the environmental consequences. This work, which takes a serious look at how nutrition can be used to improve sustainability in animal agriculture, is a key literature for readers in animal and veterinary sciences, the food industry, sustainability research, and agricultural engineering.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: VIII, 336 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Ausgabe: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031225840
    Serie: Smart Animal Production, 1
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22584-0
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-22584-0
    DDC: 636.089
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Baking Business Sustainability Through Life Cycle Management (2023)
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): Food science. ; Sustainability. ; Family-owned business enterprises. ; Economics. ; Food Science. ; Sustainability. ; Family Business. ; Economics.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Chapter 1 Bread Industry Sustainability Life Cycle Assessment -- Chapter 2 Product Environmental Footprint and Bread Industry -- Chapter 3 Life Cycle Assessment and Product Environmental Footprint - recommendations for integral optimization of economic and environmental performance -- Chapter 4 Ensuring sustainability of baking industry in North Macedonia -- Chapter 5 Sustainability approach of the baking industry along the food supply chain -- Chapter 6 Sustainability assessment of the baking industry complying with standards requirements: a case of Romania -- Chapter 7 Across American overview on sustainability approach throughout baking industry: An analytical-descriptive approach -- Chapter 8 Asian Overview on Sustainability Approach in Baking Industry -- Chapter 9 African Experience in Ensuring Sustainability in Baking -- Chapter 10 Indian experience in ensuring sustainability in baking industry -- Chapter 11 Measuring Baking Business Performance -- Chapter 12 Forming the efficient business model for bakery -- Chapter 13 Assessment of the sustainable competitiveness of agricultural enterprises on the grain market: case of Ukraine -- Chapter 14 Economic viability and sustainability in baking industry/ Simeuna - bread producer with own grain production -- Chapter 15 Impact of Bakery Innovation on Business Resilience Growth -- Chapter 16 Innovation in the commercial system of the small bakery industry -- New business models in food systems for farmers and companies, based on multi-actor approach -- Chapter 18 The role of rural women in bread industry – Job creation and retention in rural areas.
    Kurzfassung: This timely and comprehensive text focuses on important recent advances in applied sustainability in the baking industry, connecting all of the current methods and strategies into a single book. Those involved in bread production will find the latest developments at the theoretical and practical levels, including information and communication requirements, reporting and regulatory aspects, economic and environmentally sustainable business models, supply chain management, life cycle assessment, product and organizational environmental footprints and more. For small bakery business owners to industry leaders and policymakers, governmental authorities, regulatory authorities and standardization bodies, this book offers a compilation of technical information about sustainability in the market for the bakery sector. Baking Business Sustainability Through Life Cycle Management begins by presenting basic information on the life cycle assessment and product environmental footprint of the bread industry, proposing an analysis of sustainability assessment using environmental and social footprints and providing recommendations for integral optimization of economic and environmental performance. A second section focuses on sustainability in the baking industry, providing a regional focus from Europe to the Americas to Africa and Asia. The third section takes a deep look at economic feasibility and efficiency in the bread industry, including the economic viability of different scenarios for bread-based value chains, and forming efficient business models for bakeries. A final section zeroes in on the most up-to-date innovations in the current bakery industry, including the impact of bakery innovation on business resilience growth, commercial systems, and new business models in regional food systems for farmers and companies, based on multi-actor approach. Innovations within the bakery industry are at an all-time high, with new sustainability and economic models being introduced, along with associated market risks. This timely and ambitious text aims to cover all the most recent advances and methods for successful incorporation into bakery businesses. .
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: VIII, 313 p. 74 illus., 59 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Ausgabe: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031250279
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25027-9
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-25027-9
    DDC: 641.3
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Online-Ressource
    Metabolism of Alimentary Compounds by the Intestinal Microbiota and Health (2023)
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): Nutrition   . ; Medical microbiology. ; Human physiology. ; Medicine, Preventive. ; Health promotion. ; Nutrition. ; Medical Microbiology. ; Human Physiology. ; Health Promotion and Disease Prevention.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Chapter 1. Physiological and Metabolic Functions of the Intestinal Epithelium: From the Small to the Large Intestine -- Chapter 2. Intestine Offers Board and Lodging for Intestinal Microbes on a Short- or Long-Term Stay -- Chapter 3. Metabolism of Dietary Substrates by Intestinal Bacteria and Consequences for the Host Intestine -- Chapter 4. Alimentation, Bacterial Metabolites, and Host Intestinal Epithelium -- Chapter 5. Modification of the Bacterial Metabolites by the Host after Absorption, and Consequences for the Peripheral Tissues’ Metabolism, Physiology, and Pathophysiology -- Chapter 6. Lessons to Be Learned from Clinical and Experimental Research on the Intestinal Microbiota Metabolic Activity for Health Benefit and Perspectives.
    Kurzfassung: This book provides an overview of the metabolism of dietary compounds by the intestinal microbiota, and on the consequences of such metabolic activity on host metabolism and physiological functions; both in intestinal and peripheral tissues. Over the last years, our understanding of the causal links between microbiota metabolic activity towards dietary and endogenous substrates and human health status has evolved extensively. In this context, the book starts with a comprehensive introduction devoted to the physiological and metabolic functions of the intestinal epithelium, followed by a part dedicated to the way intestine offers board and lodging for microbes being on a short- or long-term stay. The next chapters focus on the utilization of the available substrates from diet by the intestinal bacteria to produce numerous bacterial metabolites, and on the impact of such microbial activity, in the first place for communication between microbes, and for communication between microbes and lodging host. As will be detailed, this latter process of interkingdom communication leads to either beneficial or deleterious effects on intestinal physiology and metabolism. Special attention is given to selected pathophysiological processes namely chronic intestinal inflammation, colorectal carcinogenesis, and diarrhea. Then, the effects of modifications of bacterial metabolites and other bioactive compounds by the host after intestinal absorption, and consequences for peripheral tissue functions are presented. Summarizing the state of the art on what is known about the metabolic crosstalk between gut microbiota and human metabolism, as well as perspectives for further experimental and clinical research, this book provides a useful resource for researchers, professionals, and students with a background in biology, and/or nutrition, medicine, pharmacology, and for those which are involved in the agriculture and food production. By explaining technical terms all along the text, this book should be understandable also for interested non-specialists.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: XIII, 254 p. 57 illus. , online resource.
    Ausgabe: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031263224
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26322-4
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-26322-4
    DDC: 613.2
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Engineering Translational Models of Lung Homeostasis and Disease (2023)
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): Regenerative medicine. ; Biomedical engineering. ; Cytology. ; Biomaterials. ; Cells. ; Biotechnology. ; Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering. ; Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering. ; Cell Biology. ; Biomaterials-Cells. ; Biotechnology. ; Biomaterials.
    Kurzfassung: Cutting-edge engineering approaches towards modelling lung homeostasis and disease have created dynamic new opportunities for interdisciplinary collaboration and unprecedented progress toward understanding and treating lung disease. This text connects established research in lung biology and physiology to innovative engineering strategies for pulmonary modelling. This unique approach aims to encourage and facilitate progress among a greater audience of basic and translational scientists, clinicians, and medical practitioners. Engineering Translational Models of Lung Homeostasis and Disease illustrates the advances in lung tissue characterization, revealing dynamic changes in the structure, mechanics, and composition of the extracellular matrix. This information paves the way for tissue-informed engineering models of pulmonary tissue, improved design of clinical materials, and advances against a variety of common pathologies. Current translational challenges are highlighted, as are engineering opportunities to overcome these barriers. This foundational text holds valuable lessons for researchers and clinicians throughout the fields of engineering, materials science, cell biology, pulmonary medicine, and clinical science. Chapter 4 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: X, 326 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Ausgabe: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031266256
    Serie: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 1413
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26625-6
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-26625-6
    DDC: 612.028
    Sprache: Englisch
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    The Renin Angiotensin System in Cardiovascular Disease (2023)
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine Research. ; Biology Research. ; Cardiovascular system. ; Physiology. ; Cardiology. ; Clinical biochemistry. ; Biomedical Research. ; Cardiovascular Physiology. ; Cardiology. ; Medical Biochemistry.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Past, present and future perspectives of renin angiotensin system -- Biochemical pathways of renin angiotensin system -- Structure-function relationships of angiotensin II receptors -- Signal transduction mechanism of angiotensin II -- Renin angiotensin system: Pathophysiology and clinical implications in cardiovascular disease COVID-19 infection -- Angiotensin II and the pathogenesis of hypertension -- Signaling transduction of angiotensin II in hypertension -- Role of angiotensin II type 1 receptors in vascular remodeling in hypertension -- Molecular and cellular mechanisms of renin-angiotensin system in hypertension -- Tissue renin-angiotensin system and risks in hypertension -- Oxidative stress and angiotensin II-induced hypertension -- Angiotensin II: inflammatory system disorder and hypertension -- Therapeutic approaches for angiotensin receptor blockers in hypertension -- Renin-angiotensin systems: A pivotal role in the development of atherosclerosis -- Angiotensin II induced intracellular signaling pathways in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis -- Cellular and molecular mechanisms of Ang II: Contribution to atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability -- Role of angiotensin II, nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species in atherosclerosis -- The renin-angiotensin system and inflammatory processes in atherosclerotic lesion formation -- Role of renin-angiotensin system in alterations in blood lipids and gene expression in atherogenesis -- Effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme and receptors in atherosclerosis -- Effects of angiotensin II on cardiac arrhythmia and signal transduction -- Angiotensin II induced oxidative stress contribute to ventricular arrhythmias -- Modulation of renin angiotensin system: Beneficial effect on ventricular arrhythmias -- ACE inhibitor and ventricular arrhythmia in ischemic heart disease -- The renin-angiotensin system modulators and cardiac arrhythmias -- Angiotensin receptor blockers in the treatment of arrhythmias -- Angiotensin II induced cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure -- Renin-angiotensin system: Role in cardiac remodeling and subcellular defects in heart failure -- Renin-angiotensin system: Molecular and cellular mechanisms in heart failure -- Role of angiotensin II receptor mRNA expression in heart failure -- Renin angiotensin system: Mitochondrial dysfunction in the progression of heart failure -- Angiotensin II type 1 receptor: Genetic polymorphisms and heart failure -- Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 and angiotensin metabolism in heart failure -- Cellular and molecular mechanisms of renin-angiotensin system blockade in heart failure: An update -- Angiotensin II receptor antagonists: Modulation of the extracellular matrix regulatory system in heart failure.
    Kurzfassung: This book on “Renin-Angiotensin System in Cardiovascular Disease” includes 25 chapters, which are organized in three sections, namely (i) modulatory aspects, (ii) pathophysiological aspects, and (iii) pharmacotherapeutic aspects. It includes an updated as well as comprehensive knowledge about molecular and cellular aspects for the role of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in the pathophysiology and therapy of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, ischemic heart disease, and heart failure. This book emphasizes the molecular and cellular mechanisms, signaling transduction pathways involved in the development of different cardiovascular diseases due to the prolonged activation of RAS. Furthermore, biochemical mechanisms are outlined for the inhibition of this system by the blockade of angiotensin converting enzyme as well as angiotensin II type 1 receptors in patients suffering from cardiovascular abnormalities. Since cardiovascular disease is the number one cause of death worldwide, leading to approximately 17.9 million deaths each year, there is a keen interest in understanding the pathogenesis and improving its therapy. In this regard, we can attest that this book provides ample information about essential components of RAS and their role in the development of cardiovascular disease. From the selection of recognized global experts in their area of investigation, this book can be seen to cover diverse cardiovascular aspects and molecular and cellular mechanisms of angiotensin II action for the development of different cardiovascular abnormalities. It is our contention that this book will be most suitable for promoting knowledge in the field of RAS biology and will be of great interest to health professionals involved in both experimental and clinical cardiology as well as academic investigators and cardiovascular scientists, graduate students, and fellows worldwide.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: XVIII, 452 p. 71 illus., 54 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Ausgabe: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031149528
    Serie: Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease, 24
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14952-8
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-14952-8
    DDC: 610.72
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 99
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Social and Affective Neuroscience of Everyday Human Interaction : From Theory to Methodology (2023)
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): Neurosciences. ; Cognitive neuroscience. ; Psychobiology. ; Human behavior. ; Sociology. ; Neuroscience. ; Cognitive Neuroscience. ; Behavioral Neuroscience. ; Sociology.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Molecular imaging of the human emotion circuit -- The neurocognitive mechanisms of unconscious emotional responses -- Social and Affective Neuroscience of Embodiment -- The neuroscience of beauty -- Mirror Neurons … in action: ERPs and neuroimaging evidence -- Sex differences in social cognition -- Development of morality and emotional processing -- Trust in Social Interaction: From Dyads to Civilizations -- The time has come to be mindwanderful: Mind wandering and the intuitive psychology mode -- Social Cognition development and socio affective dysfunction in childhood and adolescence -- Clinical neuroscience meets second-person neuropsychiatry -- EEG and ERPs in the study of Language and Social Knowledge -- fMRI and fNIRS methods for social brain studies: hyperscanning possibilities -- Modulating the Social and Affective Brain with transcranial stimulation techniques -- What our eyes can tell us about our social and affective brain? -- Facial EMG – Investigating the interplay of facial muscles and emotions.
    Kurzfassung: This Open Access book presents the current state of the art knowledge on social and affective neuroscience based on empirical findings. This volume is divided into several sections first guiding the reader through important theoretical topics within affective neuroscience, social neuroscience and moral emotions, and clinical neuroscience. Each chapter addresses everyday social interactions and various aspects of social interactions from a different angle taking the reader on a diverse journey. The last section of the book is of methodological nature. Basic information is presented for the reader to learn about common methodologies used in neuroscience alongside advanced input to deepen the understanding and usability of these methods in social and affective neuroscience for more experienced readers.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: XXXIII, 302 p. 55 illus., 48 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Ausgabe: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031086519
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08651-9
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-08651-9
    DDC: 612.8
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 100
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Careers in Food Science: From Undergraduate to Professional (2023)
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): Food science. ; Chemistry. ; Food Science. ; Chemistry.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Section 1: Introduction -- 1. Introduction: Career Preparation for the Food & Beverage Industry -- 2. The Equilibrium of Life-Career Planning -- 3. First Jobs for Food Science -- Section 2: The undergraduate student experience -- 4. Making the Most of Your Undergraduate Experience -- 5. Campus Career Services and Centers -- 6. Professionalism and Leadership -- 7. Is Food Science Right For Me? The Transfer Experience -- 8. The Decision to Pursue an Internship -- 9. IFT Student Association -- Section 3: A successful industry career -- 10. Finding and negotiating a job -- 11. Employer expectations/Managing corporate life -- 12. Could a small company be for you? -- 13. A successful industry career or Making your way in a company -- Section 4: Careers with a degree in food science -- 14. Quality -- 15. Production management -- 16. Product development -- 17. Technical sales -- 18. R&D -- 19. Regulatory and food law -- 20. Careers in Traceability -- 21. Using food science in special interest groups -- 22. Food for Good: Leveraging Food Science to Feed the World -- 23. Careers that combine Culinary and Food Science -- 24. Entrepreneurship and Consulting: Taking a Different Path -- 25. Careers in Sensory Science -- 26. Food Science in Community-Based Food Systems -- 27. Working for a Startup Company -- 28. Careers in Sustainability -- 29. A Career in Management -- Section 5: The graduate student experience -- 30. Is grad school right for me? -- 31. Finding and getting into the right grad program -- 32. The transition from undergraduate to graduate student -- 33. Faculty expectations of graduate students.
    Kurzfassung: Careers in Food Science provides detailed guidelines for students and new employees in the food industry to ensure a successful start to their career. Every step towards a rewarding career in this rapidly evolving industry is covered, from which classes to take in college and which degrees to earn, to internships, and finally how to land, and keep, the first job. This book also provides day-to-day examples of what to expect from the many jobs available to help students decide what to do and where to go. This second edition includes nine new chapters covering research chefs, food systems, social justice, food waste, start-ups, sustainability, and management. Several new authors offer fresh perspectives. Provides detailed guidelines for students as well as new employees in food industry; Includes perspectives from school years through how to succeed at new job; Written by individuals who have just gone through that experience or who are working in that particular sector.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: XII, 411 p. 5 illus., 1 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Ausgabe: 2nd ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031143533
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14353-3
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-14353-3
    DDC: 641.3
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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