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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 83 (1998), S. 1299-1304 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An enhanced analytical model is derived to calculate the junction depth and Hg interstitial profile during n-on-p junction formation in vacancy-doped HgCdTe. The enhanced model expands on a simpler model by accounting for the Hg interstitials in the p-type, vacancy-rich region. The model calculates junction depth during both the initial, reaction-limited regime of junction formation and the diffusion-limited regime. It also calculates junction depth under conditions when the abrupt junction approximation of the simpler model fails. The enhanced model can be used to determine the limits of the annealing conditions and times for which the junction depth calculated analytically is valid. The decay length of interstitials into the p-type region estimated analytically places an upper bound on the grid spacing needed to accurately resolve the junction in a numerical simulation. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1998-02-01
    Print ISSN: 0021-8979
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7550
    Topics: Physics
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  • 3
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    In:  [Poster] In: 3. International Conference on Earth System Modelling (ICESM), 17.-21.09.2012, Hamburg, Germany .
    Publication Date: 2012-12-14
    Type: Conference or Workshop Item , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 4
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    In:  [Talk] In: The Lübeck Retreat, Collaborative Research SFB 574 Volatiles and Fluids in Subduction Zones: Climate Feedback and Trigger Mechanisms for Natural Disasters, 23.-25.05.2012, Lübeck . The Lübeck Retreat: final colloquium of SFB 574; May 23-25, 2012: program & abstracts ; pp. 15-16 .
    Publication Date: 2012-09-11
    Description: This study gives an overview of the climate effects of explosive volcanic eruptions at the Central American Volcanic Arc (CAVA) for the last 200 ka, obtained during the third phase of the SFB574 project. Major volcanic eruptions in the tropics which directly inject high SO2 amounts into the stratosphere have a significant impact on the global climate. Within weeks the sulfur gases build volcanic sulfate aerosols, which remain in the stratosphere between 3 to 6 years according to the large scale meridional overturning circulation in the stratosphere, called the Brewer-Dobson circulation (BDC). Due to the different strengths of the BDC in the Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere, and to its seasonality, we find different climate effects between the two hemispheres. To address the role of the seasonality, and eruption strength, we perform a set of model simulations with stratospheric SO2 injections of different magnitudes varying between weak and extremely strong eruptions during different seasons. We particularly address the effects from the stratosphere down to the surface, showing the dominant atmospheric modes during winter: the Northern and Southern Annular Modes (NAM and SAM). We explore the mechanisms for the annular mode volcano response, highlighting atmospheric and oceanic circulation changes and possible implications for ice core proxies.
    Type: Conference or Workshop Item , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 5
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    In:  [Poster] In: 3. International Conference on Earth System Modelling (ICESM), 17.-21.09.2012, Hamburg, Germany .
    Publication Date: 2012-12-14
    Type: Conference or Workshop Item , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2012-12-14
    Type: Conference or Workshop Item , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: The W5E5 dataset was compiled to support the bias adjustment of climate input data for the impact assessments carried out in phase 3b of the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP3b). Version 2.0 of the W5E5 dataset covers the entire globe at 0.5° horizontal and daily temporal resolution from 1979 to 2019. Data sources of W5E5 are version 2.0 of WATCH Forcing Data methodology applied to ERA5 data (WFDE5; Weedon et al., 2014; Cucchi et al., 2020), ERA5 reanalysis data (Hersbach et al., 2020), and precipitation data from version 2.3 of the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP; Adler et al., 2003). Variables (with short names and units in brackets) included in the W5E5 dataset are Near Surface Relative Humidity (hurs, %), Near Surface Specific Humidity (huss, kg kg-1), Precipitation (pr, kg m-2 s-1), Snowfall Flux (prsn, kg m-2 s-1), Surface Air Pressure (ps, Pa), Sea Level Pressure (psl, Pa), Surface Downwelling Longwave Radiation (rlds, W m-2), Surface Downwelling Shortwave Radiation (rsds, W m-2), Near Surface Wind Speed (sfcWind, m s-1), Near-Surface Air Temperature (tas, K), Daily Maximum Near Surface Air Temperature (tasmax, K), Daily Minimum Near Surface Air Temperature (tasmin, K), Surface Altitude (orog, m), and WFDE5-ERA5 Mask (mask, 1).
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: Reanalysis products are often taken as an alternative solution to observational weather and climate data due to availability and accessibility problems, particularly in data-sparse regions such as Africa. Proper evaluation of their strengths and weaknesses, however, should not be overlooked. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of ERA5 reanalysis and to document the progress made compared to ERA-interim for the fields of near-surface temperature and precipitation over Africa. Results show that in ERA5 the climatological biases in temperature and precipitation are clearly reduced and the representation of inter-annual variability is improved over most of Africa. However, both reanalysis products performed less well in terms of capturing the observed long-term trends, despite a slightly better performance of ERA5 over ERA-interim. Further regional analysis over East Africa shows that the representation of the annual cycle of precipitation is substantially improved in ERA5 by reducing the wet bias during the rainy season. The spatial distribution of precipitation during extreme years is also better represented in ERA5. While ERA5 has improved much in comparison to its predecessor, there is still demand for improved products with even higher resolution and accuracy to satisfy impact-based studies, such as in agriculture and water resources. View Full-Text
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/report
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: Livestock is important for livelihoods of millions of people across the world and yet climate change risk and impacts assessments are predominantly on cropping systems. Climate change has significant impacts on Net Primary Production (NPP) which is a grassland dynamics indicator. This study aimed to analyze the spatio-temporal changes of NPP under climate scenario RCP2.6 and RCP8.5 in the grassland of Tanzania by 2050 and link this to potential for key livestock species. To this end, a regression model to estimate NPP was developed based on temperature (T), precipitation (P) and evapotranspiration (ET) during the period 2001–2019. NPP fluctuation maps under future scenarios were produced as difference maps of the current (2009–2019) and future (2050). The vulnerable areas whose NPP is mostly likely to get affected by climate change in 2050 were identified. The number of livestock units in grasslands was estimated according to NPP in grasslands of Tanzania at the Provincial levels. The results indicate the mean temperature and evapotranspiration are projected to increase under both emission scenarios while precipitation will decrease. NPP is significantly positively correlated with Tmax and ET and projected increases in these variables will be beneficial to NPP under climate change. Increases of 17% in 2050 under RCP8.5 scenario are projected, with the southern parts of the country projected to have the largest increase in NPP. The southwest areas showed a decreasing trend in mean NPP of 27.95% (RCP2.6) and 13.43% (RCP8.5). The highest decrease would occur in the RCP2.6 scenario in Ruvuma Province, by contrast, the mean NPP value in the western, eastern, and central parts would increase in 2050 under both Scenarios, the largest increase would observe in Kilimanjaro, Dar-Es-Salaam and Dodoma Provinces. It was found that the number of grazing livestock such as cattle, sheep, and goats will increase in the Tanzania grasslands under both climate scenarios. As the grassland ecosystems under intensive exploitation are fragile ecosystems, a combination of improving grassland productivity and grassland conservation under environmental pressures such as climate change should be considered for sustainable grassland management.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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