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  • 1
    Call number: AWI G5-09-0015
    In: Developments in paleoenvironmental research, Vol. 13
    Description / Table of Contents: This book is the first synthesis of sedimentary geology and paleoceanography of the South China Sea on the basis of extensive industrial explorations and scientific expeditions culminated with the ODP Leg 184. It provides up-to-date knowledge about the history of this largest marginal sea in the West Pacific, deep-sea records of evolution and variations of the East Asian monsoon, and geological backgrounds of the off-shore petroleum basins. With its focus on paleoceanography and sedimentology, this volume provides a comprehensive all-round view of the marginal sea basin, from modern oceanography to sequence stratigraphy. The South China Sea: Paleoceanography and Sedimentology is essential reading for advanced students and researchers working in marine geology, basin evolution, sedimentology, paleoceanography and related fields.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: X, 506 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    ISBN: 9781402097447
    Series Statement: Developments in paleoenvironmental research 13
    Language: English
    Note: Contents: 1 Introduction / Pinxian Wang and Qianyu Li. - References. - 2 Oceanographical and Geological Background / Pinxian Wang and Qianyu Li. - Introduction. - 2.1 Bathymetry and Geomorphology. - 2.2 Oceanography. - Monsoon. - Surface Circulation. - Surface Temperature and Salinity. - Thermocline and Upwelling. - Water Exchange with Pacific and Kuroshio Intrusion. - Deep Water Circulation. - Other Oceanographic Features. - Oceanographic Summary. - 2.3 Tectonic History and Sedimentary Basins. - Prior Terrains and Opening of the SCS. - Step-Wise Closure of the Sea Basin. - Formation of Shelf-Slope Sedimentary Basins. - Sediments of the SCS Shelf-Slope Basins: An Overview. - Summary of Tectonics and Basin Formation. - References. - 3 Stratigraphy and Sea Level Changes. - Introduction. - 3.1 Lithostratigraphic Overview / (Li Q. and Zhong G.). - Pre-Cenozoic Basement. - Lithostratigraphy of Syn-Rift Sediments. - Post-Rift Sediments in Shelf-Slope Basins. - Deep Water Lithostratigraphy. - 3.2 Biostratigraphic Framework / (Li Q.). - Floral and Shallow-Water Faunal Assemblages. - Planktonic Foraminiferal and Nannofossil Biostratigraphy. - Quaternary Lithobiostratigraphic Events. - 3.3 Isotopic and Astronomical Stratigraphy / (Tian J. and Li Q.). - Neogene Isotopic Records at Site 1148. - Pliocene–Pleistocene Isotopic Records at Site 1143. - 3.4 Stratigraphy of Major Shelf and Slope Basins / (Zhong G. and Li Q.). - Northern South China Sea Basins. - Southern South China Sea Basins. - 3.5 Regional Sea Level Changes / (Zhong G. and Li Q.). - Late Quaternary Sea Level Changes. - Long-Term Sea Level Changes Since the Oligocene. - New Approach Toward Fine-Scale Sea Level Magnitude. - Summary of South China Sea stratigraphy. - References. - 4 Sedimentology. - Introduction. - 4.1 Surface Deposition Patterns / (Liu Z.). - Deposit Distribution Patterns. - Sediment Transport. - 4.2 Terrigenous Deposition / (Liu Z.). - Clay Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Source Areas. - Clay Minerals. - Geochemistry. - Terrigenous Sediment Supply in Glacial Cycles. - Long-Term Changes of Terrigenous Sediment Supply. - 4.3 Biogenic Deposition. - Carbonate / (Li J. and Wang P.). - Opal / (Wang R.). - 4.4 Coral Reefs / (Yu K. and Zhao J.). - Modern Coral Reef Distribution. - Carbonate Platform Sediments and Calcium Carbonate Production. - Reef History. - 4.5 Volcanic Deposition / (Liu Z.). - Volcanic Rock Distribution. - Volcanic Ash Records. - Case Studies: Pinatubo, Toba. - 4.6 Estimation of Deposit Mass Since the Oligocene / (Huang W. and Wang P.). - Data Sources and Analyses. - Sediment Distribution and Mass. - Estimation of Terrigenous and Carbonate Masses. - Depositional Patterns. - Major Characteristics of SCS Sedimentation. - References. - 5 Upper Water Structure and Paleo-Monsoon. - Introduction. - 5.1 Sea Surface Temperature History / (Jian Z. and Tian J.). - SST Proxies. - Paleo-SST Reconstruction. - Paleo-SST Patterns. - 5.2 Thermocline Depth History / (Tian J. and Jian Z.). - Proxies of Thermocline Depth. - Paleo-Thermocline Depth. - 5.3 Vegetation History in Deep-Sea Record / (Sun X.). - Pollen Distribution in Surface Sediments. - Long-Term Evolution. - Last Glacial Pollen Records: North-South Differences. - North-South Comparison of the Vegetation During the LGM. - 5.4 Monsoon History / (Jian Z. and Tian J.). - Monsoon Proxies. - Tectonic-Scale Long-Term Evolution. - Orbital-Scale Variability. - Suborbital-Scale Variability. - Summary. - References. - 6 Deep Waters and Oceanic Connection / Quanhong Zhao, Qianyu Li and Zhimin Jian. - Introduction. - 6.1 Modern Deep Waters and Their Faunal Features. - Marginal Seas in the Western Pacific. - Modern Intermediate and Deep Waters in the South China Sea. - Modern Deep-Sea Benthic Foraminifera and Ostracods. - 6.2 Late Quaternary Deep-Water Faunas and Stable Isotopes. - 6.3 Neogene and Oligocene Deep-Water Benthic Faunas from ODP Leg 184 Sites. - Site 1148 Benthic Foraminifera. - Site 1148 Ostracods. - Faunal Indication of Deep-Water Mass Changes. - 6.4 Deep Water Evolution: Evidence from Carbonate. - Preservation and Isotopes. - Carbonate Dissolution. - Isotopic Records. - 6.5 Oceanic Connection. - Summary. - References. - 7 Biogeochemistry and the Carbon Reservoir. - Introduction. - 7.1 Productivity and Nutrient Dynamics in the Modern South China Sea / (Zhao M.). - Primary Productivity. - Nutrient Supplies. - Community Structure, Export Productivity and Sedimentary Biogenic Content. - 7.2 Paleoproductivity Reconstruction of the South China Sea / (Zhao M.). - Patterns of Productivity Changes During Glacial-Interglacial Oscillations. - Pre-Pleistocene Paleoproductivity Changes. - 7.3 Carbon Reservoir Changes / (Wang P., Tian J. and Li J.). - Modern Carbon Cycling. - Late Quaternary δ13C Cyclicity. - Long-Term Trend of Carbon Isotopes. - Summary. - References. - 8 History of the South China Sea – A Synthesis / Pinxian Wang and Qianyu Li. - Introduction. - 8.1 Evolution of the South China Sea Basin. - Pre-Spreading Stage in the Early Paleogene. - Seafloor Spreading in the Oligocene-Early Miocene. - Post-Spreading Stage Since the Late Miocene. - 8.2 Evolution of the East Asian Monsoon. - Summer Monsoon and Chemical Weathering. - Winter Monsoon and North-South Contrast. - East and South Asian Monsoons. - 8.3 Evolution of Continent-Ocean Interactions. - References. - Index.
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  • 2
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    København : Nyt Nordisk Forl.
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-553-204,1
    In: Meddelelser om Grønland
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 22 S. + Beil
    ISBN: 8717023785
    Series Statement: Meddelelser om Grønland 204,1
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Bremerhaven : Alfred-Wegener-Inst. für Polar- und Meeresforschung
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-168-588
    In: Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung ; 588
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 198 S. , Ill., graph. Darst.
    ISSN: 1866-3192
    Series Statement: Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung 588
    Language: English
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  • 4
    Call number: ZSP-168-593
    In: Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung
    Type of Medium: 12
    Pages: Online-Ressource.
    Series Statement: Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung 593
    Language: English
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  • 5
    Call number: ZSP-553-10
    In: Meddelelser om Grønland
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 28 S., 11 Beil.
    ISBN: 8717051118
    ISSN: 0106-1046
    Series Statement: Meddelelser om Grønland : Geoscience 10
    Language: English
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  • 6
    Call number: ZSP-553-11
    In: Meddelelser om Grønland
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 24 S.
    ISBN: 8717051193
    ISSN: 0106-1046
    Series Statement: Meddelelser om Grønland : Geoscience 11
    Language: English
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  • 7
    Call number: ZSP-168-585
    In: Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung
    Type of Medium: 12
    Pages: Online-Ressource (235 S.).
    Series Statement: Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung 585
    Language: English
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  • 8
    facet.materialart.12
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    Bremerhaven : Alfred-Wegener-Inst. für Polar- und Meeresforschung
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-168-589
    In: Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung
    Type of Medium: 12
    Pages: Online-Ressource (50 S.).
    Series Statement: Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung 589
    Language: English
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  • 9
    Call number: ZSP-558-9 ; MOP 46209 / Mitte
    In: Middle atmosphere program
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 579 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
    Language: English
    Location: AWI Reading room
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  • 10
    Call number: ZSP-405a-09-0019
    In: JAXA Research and Development Report
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 14 S. : graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: JAXA Research and Development Report RR-08-003E
    Language: English
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  • 11
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Tokyo : National Institute of Polar Research
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-592-14 ; ZSP-592-14(2.Ex.)
    In: Memoirs of National Institute of Polar Research
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: IV, 229 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    Series Statement: Memoirs of National Institute of Polar Research : Special Issue 14
    Language: English
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  • 12
    Call number: ZSP-553-198,2
    In: Meddelelser om Grønland
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 266 S.
    ISBN: 8717021200
    Series Statement: Meddelelser om Grønland 198,2
    Language: English
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  • 13
    Call number: ZSP-558
    In: Middle atmosphere program
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 97 S.
    Series Statement: Middle atmosphere program
    Language: English
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  • 14
    Call number: ZSP-168-587
    In: Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung
    Type of Medium: 12
    Pages: Online-Ressource (104 S.).
    Series Statement: Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung 587
    Language: English
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  • 15
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    Bremerhaven : Alfred-Wegener-Inst. für Polar- und Meeresforschung
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-168-590
    In: Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung
    Type of Medium: 12
    Pages: Online-Ressource (88 S.).
    Series Statement: Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung 590
    Language: English
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  • 16
    facet.materialart.12
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    Bremerhaven : Alfred-Wegener-Inst. für Polar- und Meeresforschung
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-168-592
    In: Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung
    Type of Medium: 12
    Pages: Online-Ressource.
    Series Statement: Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung 592
    Language: English
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  • 17
    Call number: ZSP-553-1
    In: Meddelelser om Grønland
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 24 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
    ISBN: 8717025818
    ISSN: 0106-1046
    Series Statement: Meddelelser om Grønland : Geoscience 1
    Language: English
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  • 18
    Call number: ZSP-403-309
    In: Jare Data Reports
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 47 S. : überw. graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: Jare Data Reports 309 : Terrestrial Biology 4
    Language: English
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  • 19
    Call number: ZSP-553-197,4
    In: Meddelelser om Grønland
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 25 S.
    ISBN: 8717022185
    Series Statement: Meddelelser om Grønland 197,4
    Language: English
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  • 20
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-558-8
    In: Middle atmosphere program
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 76 S.
    Language: English
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  • 21
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    Bremerhaven : Alfred-Wegener-Inst. für Polar- und Meeresforschung
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-168-591
    In: Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung
    Type of Medium: 12
    Pages: Online-Ressource (64 S.). : Ill., graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung 591
    Language: English
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  • 22
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Stuttgart : Wiss. Verl.-Ges.
    Associated volumes
    Call number: G 8130 ; AWI E1-82-0083
    In: Große Naturforscher
    Description / Table of Contents: In seiner Doktorarbeit behandelte er ein Thema aus der Astronomie. Sein Lehrbuch "Thermodynamik der Atmosphäre", das in mehreren Auflagen erschien, wies ihn als Meteorologen aus. In Graz erhielt er eine Professur nicht nur für die Wetterkunde, sondern auch für Geophysik. Bei vier großen Grönlandexpeditionen verwirklichte er seinen Jugendtraum, Polarforschung zu treiben. Und fast nur am Rande gehört hierher, daß er in jungen Jahren einen Weltrekord im Ballondauerflug aufgestellt hatte ... Von einer der großen, vielseitigen Forscherpersönlichkeiten unseres Jahrhunderts ist hier die Rede: von Alfred Wegener, der seinen dauerhaften Ruhm 1912 mit der revolutionären Hypothese begründete, wonach die Festländer gar nicht so "fest" seien, wie man bis dahin angenommen hatte, sondern daß sie im Laufe der Erdgeschichte langsam wanderten. Zu seinen Lebzeiten für die meisten ein "Märchenerzähler", wurde Wegener in jüngster Zeit, Jahrzehnte nach seinem tragischen Tod in Grönland, für viele ein "neuer Kopernikus": an Wegener schieden sich die Geister. Selten hat ein neues Gedankengebäude über die Entstehung der Erdkruste, ihrer Gebirge und Ozeane so anregend für Geologen und Geophysiker gewirkt wie die "Drifthypothese". Die von Professor M. Schwarzbach verfaßte Biographie zeichnet nicht nur ein Lebensbild Wegeners, sondern umfaßt damit gleichzeitig ein Stück Wissenschaftsgeschichte, ein herausragendes Kapitel der Erforschung der Erde - von der Verschiebung der Kontinente und der heute im Vordergrund stehenden "Plattentektonik" bis hin zur Eiszeitforschung, den Strahlungskurven von Milankovitch und der "nächsten Eiszeit".
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 159 S. , Ill., Kt.
    ISBN: 3-8047-0582-0
    Series Statement: Große Naturforscher 42
    Language: German
    Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis: Vorwort. - 1. Alexander v. Humboldt und die Vorfahren von Alfred Wegener. - 2. Der Lebensweg von Alfred Wegener. - Berlin und die Studienjahre (1880-1904). - Lindenberg (1905-1906). - Marburg (1908-1918). - Hamburg (1919-1924). - Graz (1924-1930). - 3. Die Grönland-Reisen. - Die dänische "Danmark"-Expedition unter Leitung von L. Mylius-Erichsen (1906-08). - Die Durchquerung Nordgrönlands mit J. P. Koch (1912/13). - Die Vorexpedition nach Westgrönland unter Leitung von A. Wegener (1929). - Deutsche Grönland-Expedition Alfred Wegener, Hauptexpedition (1930/31). - Eine Schuldfrage?. - Rückblick auf die Grönland-Reisen. - 4. Alfred Wegener und Island. - Islands "Spalten" und die Drifthypothese. - 5. Das wissenschaftliche Lebenswerk von Alfred Wegener. - Der vielseitige Meteorologe. - Das Hauptwerk: Die wandernden Kontinente. - Kontinentalverschiebung und das Klima der Vorzeit. - Der ideale Schwiegervater. - Paläoklima und Kontinentalverschiebung. - Die Strahlungskurven von Milankovitch. - Warum Eiszeiten und Eiszeitalter?. - Ein Rückblick auf Köppen. - 6. Die ersten 40 Jahre der "wandernden Kontinente". - Der erste Vortrag und das erste Buch über kontinentale Drift. - Der Prophet gilt nichts in seinem Vaterlande. - Continental drift debate in New York, 1926. - Konvektionsströmungen: Ampferer, Schwinner, Holmes. - Africa forms the key. - Geodätische Beweise. Wegeners Irrtum. - 7. Die Wiedergeburt der "Kontinentalverschiebung": die Plattentektonik. - Tiefseeforschung und Paläomagnetismus. - Plattentektonik und Wegeners "Kontinentalverschiebungshypothese. - Gebirgsbildung und Pangaea. - Von der abstrakten Kunst zur Demoskopie. - Ein faszinierendes Gesamtbild. - 8. Ruhm und Nachruhm von Alfred Wegener. - 9. Schrifttum. - Verzeichnis der wichtigsten Schriften von A. Wegener. - Größere Veröffentlichungen über A. Wegener und seine letzte Grönlandfahrt. - Nachrufe, Gedenkaufsätze, Kurzbiographien, Film. - Einige Veröffentlichungen zur allgemeinen Einführung in die Plattentektonik. - Herkunft der Abbildungen. - 10. Anmerkungen. - Lebensdaten von A. Wegener. - 11. Register. - Namensverzeichnis. - Sachverzeichnis.
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  • 23
    Call number: AWI G6-15-0043
    Description / Table of Contents: Cosmogenic radionuclides are radioactive isotopes which are produced by natural processes and distributed across the earth. Utilizing a holistic approach to the environment, the authors show how cosmogenic radionuclides can be used to trace and to reconstruct the history of a large variety of processes. They discuss the ways in which cosmogenic radionuclides can assist in the quantification of complex processes in the present-day environment. The book aims to demonstrate to the reader the strength of analytic tools based on cosmogenic radionuclides, their contribution to almost any field of modern natural science, and how these tools may assist in the solution of many present and future problems that we face here on earth. The book provides a comprehensive discussion of the basic principles behind the applications of cosmogenic (and other) radionuclides as environmental tracers and dating tools. Following the introduction, the second part of the book provides basic information on the origin, properties, and time variability of cosmic radiation, and the concepts, terminology and formulate that will be used in the later chapters. The third part discusses in detail the production of radionuclides by cosmic radiation, their transport and distribution in the atmosphere and the hydrosphere, their storage in natural archives, and how they are measured. The fourth part of the book presents a number of examples selected to illustrate typical tracer and dating applications in a number of different contexts (atmosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere, biosphere, solar physics and astronomy). At the same time the authors outline the limitations of the use of cosmogenic radionuclides. Written on a level accessible to graduate students without specialist skills in physics or mathematics, the book addresses a wide audience, ranging from archaeology, biophysics, and geophysics, to atmospheric physics, hydrology, astrophysics and space science.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XVI, 426 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
    ISBN: 9783642146503
    Series Statement: Physics of earth and space environments
    Language: English
    Note: Contents: Part 1 Introduction. - 1 Motivation. - 2 Goals. - Reference. - 3 Setting the Stage and Outline. - Part 2 Cosmic Radiation. - 4 Introduction to Cosmic Radiation. - 5 The Cosmic Radiation Near Earth. - 5.1 Introduction and History of Cosmic Ray Research. - 5.2 The "Rosetta Stone" of Paleocosmic Ray Studies. - 5.3 Some Important Definitions. - 5.4 The Origin and Properties of the Galactic Cosmic Radiation. - 5.5 Our Variable Sun. - 5.6 The Heliosphere, the Termination Shock, and the Current Sheet. - 5.7 Modulation of the Cosmic Radiation in the Heliosphere. - 5.7.1 The Cosmic Ray Propagation Equation. - 5.7.2 The Local Interstellar Spectrum. - 5.7.3 The Cosmic Ray Modulation Function and Potential. - 5.7.4 Practical Applications of the Modulation Function. - 5.7.5 Drift Effects (qA Positive and qA Negative Effects). - 5.7.6 Shock Wave Effects (The Forbush Decrease and GMIRs). - 5.8 Geomagnetic Field Effects. - 5.8.1 The Properties of the Geomagnetic Field. - 5.8.2 The Geomagnetic Cut-off Rigidity. - 5.8.3 The Earth's Magnetosphere and the Polar Aurora. - References. - 6 Instrumental Measurements of the Cosmic Radiation. - 6.1 Introduction. - 6.2 Ionization Chambers and Muon Telescopes. - 6.3 The IGY and IQSY Neutron Monitors, and Spaceship Earth. - 6.4 Satellite Borne Detectors. - 6.5 Latitude Effects and the Yield Functions. - 6.6 Inter-calibration of the Different Cosmic Ray Records. - 6.7 Cosmic Ray Archives. - References. - 7 Time Variations of the Cosmic Radiation. - 7.1 Introduction and Atmospheric Effects. - 7.2 The Eleven-and Twenty-Two-Year Variations. - 7.3 The Long-term Variations. - 7.4 Forbush Decreases, Globally Merged Interaction Regions and Some Smaller Effects. - References. - 8 The Solar Cosmic Radiation. - 8.1 Historical Overview. - 8.2 The Observed Production of Cosmic Rays by the Sun. - 8.2.1Ground Level Events. - 8.2.2 SEP Events Observed by Satellites. - 8.2.3 Paleo-Cosmic Ray Measurements of SEP Events. - 8.3 Overall Characteristics of the Solar Cosmic Radiation. - 8.3.1 The Energy Spectra. - 8.3.2 The Effect of Longitude Relative to the Central Solar Meridian. - 8.3.3 The Frequency of Occurrence, and the Detection of Historic SEP Events. - References. - Part 3 Cosmogenic Radionuclides. - 9 Introduction to Cosmogenic Radionuclides. - 10 Production of Cosmogenic Radionuclides in the Atmosphere. - 10.1 Introduction. - 10.2 Interaction of Primary Cosmic Rays with the Atmosphere. - 10.2.1 Production of Secondary Particles. - 10.2.2 Ionization and Excitation Processes. - 10.2.3 Simulated Atmospheric Proton and Neutron Fluxes. - 10.3 Production of Cosmogenic Radionuclides in the Atmosphere. - 10.3.1 Early Production Models. - 10.3.2 Production Cross-Sections. - 10.3.3 Production Rates and Inventories. - 10.4 Production Results and Analytical Tools. - References. - 11 Production of Cosmogenic Radionuclides in Other Environmental Systems. - 11.1 Introduction. - 11.2 Terrestrial Solid Matter (Rocks, Ice). - 11.2.1 36Cl Production in Limestone and Dolomite. - 11.2.2 10Be and 14C Production in Ice. - 11.3 Extraterrestrial Solid Matter. - References. - 12 Alternative Production Mechanisms. - 12.1 Introduction. - 12.2 Natural Production Mechanisms. - 12.2.1 Cosmic Ray Induced Reactions. - 12.2.2 Radioactive Decay-Induced Reactions. - 12.3 Anthropogenic Production Mechanisms. - 12.3.1 Nuclear Power Plant and Nuclear Bomb-Induced Reactions. - 12.3.2 Research, Industrial, and Medical Induced Reactions. - References. - 13 Transport and Deposition. - 13.1 Introduction. - 13.2 Basics of the Atmosphere. - 13.3 Removal or Scavenging Processes. - 13.3.1 Wet Deposition. - 13.3.2 Dry Deposition. - 13.3.3 Gravitational Settling. - 13.3.4 The Big Picture. - 13.4 Modelling the Atmospheric Transport. - 13.4.1 Summary. - 13.5 Geochemical Cycles. - 13.5.1 Introduction. - 13.5.2 The Beryllium Cycle. - 13.5.3 Carbon Cycle. - 13.5.4 The Chlorine Cycle. - 13.5.5 The Iodine Cycle. - References. - 14 Archives. - 14.1 Introduction. - 14.2 Intrinsic Properties of the Cosmogenic Radionuclide Archives. - 14.3 Time Scales. - 14.4 Examples of Archives. - 14.5 Proxies and Surrogates. - 14.6 Properties of Data in the Cosmogenic Archives. - 14.6.1 Sampling Effects. - 14.6.2 Transfer Functions. - 14.7 Modelled Transfer Functions. - 14.7.1 10Be and 7Be in the Atmosphere. - 14.7.2 10Be and 26Al in Deep-Sea Sediments. - References. - 15 Detection. - 15.1 Introduction. - 15.2 Low-Level Decay Counting. - 15.3 Accelerator Mass Spectrometry. - 15.4 Decay Versus Atom Counting. - 15.5 Other Techniques, Optical Methods. - 15.5.1 Final Remarks. - References. - Part 4 Applications. - 16 Introduction to Applications. - 17 Solar Physics. - 17.1 Introduction. - 17.2 Solar Periodicities and the "Grand Minima" in the Cosmogenic Radionuclide Record. - 17.2.1 Solar Periodicities: Time Domain Studies. - 17.2.2 Solar Periodicities: Frequency Domain Studies. - 17.3 Cosmic Rayand Solar Effects in the Past. - 17.3.1 The Past Millennium. - 17.3.2 The Past 10,000 Years (the "Holocene"). - 17.3.3 The Long Solar Minimum of 2007-2009. - 17.4 The Heliomagnetic Field Throughout the Past 10,000 Years. - 17.5 Solar Irradiance and Terrestrial Climate. - 17.6 Radiation Doses on Earth and in Space in the Future. - 17.7 Quantitative Measures of Solar Activity for the Past. - 17.7.1 Reconstructed Sunspot Numbers. - 17.7.2 Modulation Function. - References. - 18 Galactic Astronomy. - 18.1 Introduction. - 18.2 Galactic Structure. - 18.3 Individual Supernova. - References. - 19 Atmosphere. - 19.1 Introduction. - 19.2 Studies of Atmospheric Mixing. - 19.3 36Cl Bomb Pulse as a Tracer of Atmospheric Transport. - 19.4 Concentrations and Fluxes. - References. - 20 Hydrosphere. - 20.1 Introduction. - 20.2 Tritium. - 20.3 Carbon-14. - 20.4 Krypton-81. - 20.5 Chlorine-36. - 20.6 Beryllium-7 to Beryllium-10 Ratio. - References. - 21 Geosphere. - 21.1 Introduction. - 21.2 Geomagnetic Field Intensity. - 21.3 Transport of Cosmogenic Radionuclides in Geological Systems. - 21.3.1 Introduction. - 21.3.2 Migration in Ice. - 21.3.3 Transport in Soils. - 21.3.4 Transport in Rocks. - 21.3.5 Formation of Loess Plateaus. - 21.3.6 Subduction. - References. - 22 Biosphere. - 22.1 Introduction. - 22.2 Radiocarbon Applications. - 22.3 Chlorine-36 in Ecosystems. - 22.4 Iodine-129. - 22.5 Aluminium-26. - References. - 23 Dating. - 23.1 Introduction. - 23.2 Absolute Dating. - 23.2.1 Principle of Radiocarbon Dating. - 23.2.2 Exposure Dating. - 23.2.3 10Be/36Cl- and 7Be/10Be-Dating. - 23.3 Synchronization of Records. - 23.3.1 10Be or 36Cl with 14C During the Holocene. - 23.3.2 The Use of Time Markers. - References. - Glossary. - Index.
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  • 24
    Call number: 14/G 8406 ; AWI G10-23-52698
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 627 Seiten , Illustrationen , Beilage
    Edition: 6. Auflage (unveränderter Nachdruck der 5. Auflage)
    Language: German
    Note: INHALT EINLEITUNG / Ernst Neef I. Die astronomischen Grundlagen der Zonengliederung II. Die klimatische Gliederung der Erde III. Die hydrologischen Typen der Erde IV. Die Vegetationszonen der Erde V. Die geographischen Bodenzonen der Erde VI. Das Relief der Erdoberfläche VII . Größen- und Maßverhältnisse auf der Erde EUROPA Politisch-ökonomische Obersicht Überblick / Ernst Neef MITTELEUROPA / Ernst Neef Überblick Der Tieflandsstreifen Mitteleuropas Das nordöstliche Tiefland Das nordwestliche Flachland Die Lößzone Die Mittelgebirgszone Das Rheinische Schiefergebirge Die Hessische Senke Der östliche Teil der Mittelgebirgsschwelle Der Südteil der Mittelgebirgszone Alpen und Alpenvorland Das Alpenvorland Die Alpen Physisch-geographische Angaben über Mitteleuropa NORDEUROPA / Hans Richter Überblick Die Skandinavische Halbinsel Die Halbinsel Kola Die Finno-Karelische Platte Spitzbergen Physisch-geographische Angaben über Nordeuropa OSTEUROPA / Hellmuth Barthel Überblick Der nordöstliche Teil des Osteuropäischen Tieflandes Der westliche Teil des Osteuropäischen Tieflandes Der südliche Teil des Osteuropäischen Tieflandes Der mittlere und östliche Teil des Osteuropäischen Tieflandes Der südöstliche Teil des Osteuropäischen Tieflandes Das Krimgebirge Das Uralgebirge Physisch-geographische Angaben über Osteuropa SÜDOSTEUROPA / Gottfried Andreas Überblick Das Karpatensystem Das Pannonische Becken / Ernst Neef Transsilvanien Die Moldauische Platte Das südliche Karpatenvorland Das Donautal Die Dobrudscha (Dobrogea) Das Dinarische Gebirgssystem Das Balkangebirge Die Nordbulgarische Platte Die südbulgarischen Gebirge Das Maricabecken Physisch-geographische Angaben über Südosteuropa SÜDEUROPA / Gerhard Schmidt Überblick Die Pyrenäenhalbinsel Die Pyrenäen Die nordwestlichen Küstengebirge Das Ebrobecken Die spanische Meseta Das andalusische Tiefland Die Mittelmeerküste und die Betische Kordillere Portugal Die Apenninhalbinsel Die italienischen Alpen Die Poebene Mittelitalien Süditalien Die Inseln Die mediterranen Landschaften der Balkanhalbinsel Die adriatische Küste Griechenland Physisch-geographische Angaben über Südeuropa WESTEUROPA / Ernst Neef Überblick Großbritannien und Irland Schottland England und Wales Irland Frankreich Die Bretagne Das Französische Zentralmassiv Das Nordfranzösische Becken Das Garonnebecken Das Rhöne-Saöne-Gebiet und seine östliche Gebirgsflanke Französischer Jura und französische Alpen Die französi schen Pyrenäen Physisch-geographische Angaben über Westeuropa Politisch-ökonomische Übersicht über die Sowjetunion ASIEN Politisch-ökonomische Übersicht Überblick / Ernst Neef NORDASIEN / Ernst Neef Überblick Das Westsibirische Tiefland Das Mittelsibirische Bergland Das Nordostsibirische Gebirgsland Die südlichen Randgebirge Der Ferne Osten Physisch-geographische Angaben über Nordasien ZENTRALASIEN / Ernst Neef Überblick Das Hochland von Tibet Das Tarimbecken Die Dsungarei Das Mongolische Becken Das Tiefland von Turan und seine Randgebirge Physisch-geographische Angaben über Zentralasien OSTASIEN / Inge Hartsch Überblick Japan Korea Mandschurei Nordchina Südchina Physisch-geographische Angaben über Ostasien SÜDASIEN / Ernst Neef Überblick Vorderindien Der nördliche Gebirgssaum Das Indus-Ganges-Tiefland Die Vorderindische Halbinsel Ceylon (Sri Lanka) Hinterindien Burma Das Menam-Mekong-Becken Die Küstenlandschaften von Annam Die Halbinsel Malakk Die südostasiatische Inselwelt Kalimantan (Borneo) Sumatera (Sumatra) Djawa (Java) Sulawesi (Celebes) Kleine Sundainseln Philippinen Physisch-geographische Angaben über Südasien VORDERASIEN / Gerhard Schmidt Überblick Die Kleinasiatische (Anatolische) Halbinsel Das Hochland von Armenien Kaukasien / Ernst Neef Syrien - Palästina Die Arabische Halbinsel Mesopotamien, das Zwischenstromland Das Hochland von Iran und Afghanistan Physisch-geographische Angaben über Vorderasien AFRIKA / Karl Herz Politisch-ökonomische Übersicht Überblick Das Atlasgebiet Die Sahara Der Sudan Das Kongogebiet Das östliche Hochafrika Das südliche Hochafrika Madagaskar Physisch-geographische Angaben über Afrika AUSTRALIEN UND NEUSEELAND / Vera Neer Politisch-ökonomische Übersicht Überblick Der Küstensaum des Westens Das Trockengebiet des Inneren Das Savannengebiet des Nordens Die inneren Ebenen und die Downs von Queensland und Neusüdwales Die Ostaustralischen Kordilleren und ihr Küstengebiet Die Südostküste Tasmanien Neuseeland Physisch-geographische Angaben über Australien und Neuseeland NORDAMERIKA / Vera Neef Politisch-ökonomische Übersicht Überblick Die Regionen des Eises und der Tundra Grönland Der Franklinarchipel und das nördliche Festland bis zur Baumgrenze Das boreale Waldgebiet Der Kanadische Schild im borealen Waldgebiet Die Großen Ebenen im borealen Waldgebiet Das Gebirgsland der Kordilleren im borealen Waldgebiet Die warm-gemäßigte Zone Die Laubmischwaldregion Die Grasfluren (Prärien) Die Gebirgsregionen und die trockenen Beckenlandschaften der gemäßigten Zone Die subtropischen und tropischen Gebiete Die feuchten Subtropen des Südostens Die Region der Hartlaubgewächse Das subtropische Trockengebiet Die tropischen Gebiete Die mittelamerikanische Landbrücke Physisch-geographische Angaben über Nordamerika SÜDAMERIKA / Ernst Neef Politisch-ökonomische Übersicht Überblick Das tropische Südamerika Das Amazonastiefland Das Bergland von Guyana Das Orinocotiefland Das karibische Küstengebiet Das Brasilianische Bergland Nordbolivianisches Tiefland und Gran Chaco Die tropischen Anden Das subtropische Südamerika Südbrasilien und angrenzende Übergangsgebiete Der Gran Chaco Die Pampa Die Monte Die subtropischen Anden Das gemäßigte Südamerika Westpatagonien und Südchile Ostpatagonien Physisch-geographische Angaben über Südamerika ANTARKTIKA / Vera Neef DIE WELTMEERE UND IHRE INSELFLUREN / Gerhard Schmidt Allgemeines Der Atlantische Ozean Die Inseln des Atlantiks Die Nebenmeere des Atlantiks Der Indische Ozean Die Inseln des Indischen Ozeans Der Pazifische Ozean Die Inseln des Pazifischen Ozeans ABC DER PHYSISCHEN GEOGRAPHIE REGISTER Quellennachweis für Abbildungen Tafelverzeichnis
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  • 25
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Stuttgart : Teubner
    Call number: 20-1/FHD 411 ; AWI G4-92-0345
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 151 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Edition: 1. Aufl.
    ISBN: 3519034077
    Series Statement: Teubner Studienbücher: Geographie
    Language: German
    Note: Inhalt: 1 Einführung. - 1.1 Hydrologie als Kernbereich der Wasserforschung. - 1.2 Der systemanalytische Ansatz. - 1.3 Gleichungen und Symbole. - 2 Das Wasser in Boden und Pflanze. - 2.1 Einführung. - 2.2 Die Wasserbindung im Boden. - 2.2.1 Die Bindung an der Bodenmatrix. - 2.2.2 Der Losungsdruck. - 2.2.3 Einige mit der Wasserbindung im Boden zusammenhängende Begriffe. - 2.2.4 Die Messung der Wasserbindung und des Wassergehaltes im Boden. - 2.3 Die Wasserbewegung im Boden. - 2.3.1 Einführung. - 2.3.2 Infiltration. - 2.3.3 Die Bewegung des Wassers im gesättigten Boden. - 2.3.4 Die Bewegung des Wassers im ungesättigten Boden. - 2.3.5 Die Entstehung von Eislinsen. - 2.3.6 Die Kontinuitätsgleichung. - 2.4 Die Wasserbewegung durch Pflanze und Boden. - 2.4.1 Einführung. - 2.4.2 Transpiration. - 2.4.3 Evaporation. - 2.4.4 Der Vorgang der Wasserbewegung in der Pflanze. - 2.4.5 Messung der aktuellen Evapotranspiration. - 3 Das Wasser im FIußeinzugsgebiet. - 3.1 Überblick über den Wasserkreislauf. - 3.2 Die Eigenschaften des Einzugsgebietes. - 3.2.1 Böden und Gestein. - 3.2.2 Die Vegetation. - 3.2.3 Das Relief. - 3.2,4 Die Form und Größe des Einzugsgebietes und das Flußnetz. - 3.3 Die Niederschläge. - 3.3.1 Die Bedingungen für die Entstehung von Niederschlägen. - 3.3.2 Die Messung der Niederschläge. - 3.3.3 Die räumliche und zeitliche Verteilung der Niederschläge. - 3.4 Der Oberflächenabfluß. - 3.4.1 Einführung. - 3.4.2 Ganglinienanalyse. - 3.4.3 Abflußmessungen. - 3.5 Das Grundwasser. - 3.5.1 Grundwasservorkommen. - 3.5.2 Einführung in die Strömungsmechanik des Grundwassers. - 3.5.3 Das Gesetz von DARCY. - 3.5.4 Die Grundgleichungen der Grundwasserbewegung. - 3.5.5 Zur Anwendung der DUPUIT-FORCHHEIMER-Gleichungen. - 3.6 Die Beziehungen zwischen Grund- und Flußwasser. - 3.7 Modellvorstellung des Wasserkreislaufes im Einzugsgebiet. - 3.7.1 Einführung. - 3.7.2 Die Grundbausteine. - 3.7.3 Das Konzeptmodell des Wasserkreislaufes eines Einzugsgebietes. - 3.7.4 Der Unit-Hydrograph. - 3.7.5 Ein mathematisches Modell zur Vorhersage und Simulation von Abflußganglinien bei Berücksichtigung der naturräumlichen und kultur-räumlichen Ausstattung der Einzugsgebiete. - 3.7.6 Die Behandlung der Abflüsse als Zufallsprozeß. - 3.8 Die Arbeit des Wassers im Einzugsgebiet. - 3.8.1 Einführung. - 3.8.2 Einige Grundlagen der Hydraulik. - 3.8.3 Die Arbeit des Wassers außerhalb der Gerinne. - 3.8.4 Die Arbeit des Wassers in den Fließgerinnen. - 3.8.5 Andere Einflüsse auf den Sedimenttransport. - 3.8.6 Gleichgewichtsbetrachtungen. - 3.9 Der Wasserhaushalt. - 3.10 Schnee und Eis. - 3.10.1 Schnee. - 3.10.2 Eis und Gletscher. - 3.11 Die Seen. - 3.11.1 Einführung. - 3.11.2 Die Seen im Wasserkreislauf des Einzugsgebietes. - 3.11.3 Die Verdunstung der Seen. - 3.11.4 Das Wärmeverhalten der Seen. - 3.12 Die chemische Beschaffenheit der Gewässer. - 3.12.1 Einführung. - 3.12.2 Die chemische Beschaffenheit des Niederschlagswassers. - 3.12.3 Die Lösung von Stoffen im Wasser. - 3.12.4 Das chemische Verhalten des Grundwassers. - 3.12.5 Das chemische Verhalten von Oberflächengewässern. - 3.13 Die Gewässer als Lebensraum. - 3.13.1 Einführung. - 3.13.2 Die Biotope der Gewässer. - 3.13.3 Die Lebensgemeinschaften der Gewässer. - 3.13.4 Die Gliederung der Seen nach ihrer Primärproduktion. - 3.13.5 Die Lebensgemeinschaften fiießender Gewässer. - 3.13.6 Der Einfluß von Stauseen auf die Flüsse. - 3.14 Die Abwasser- und Wärmebelastung der Gewässer. - 3.14.1 Die Abwasserbelastung der Gewässer. - 3.14.2 Die Wärmebelastung der Fließgewässer. - 3.15 Aufgaben der Wasserwirtschaft. - Literatur und Dokumentation. - Literaturverzeichnis. - Sachverzeichnis. - Namenverzeichnis.
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  • 26
    Call number: AWI A4-15-0009
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 174 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    ISBN: 9788389743060
    Language: English
    Note: Contents: Preface. - 1. Introduction. - 1.1. Research purpose. - 1.2. Research area and methodology. - 2. Atmospheric circulation and dynamic conditions. - 2.1. Atmospheric circulation. - 2.2. Atmospheric pressure. - 2.3. Wind. - 3. Radiation conditions. - 3.1. Cloud cover. - 3.2. Sunshine duration. - 3.3. Solar radiation. - 4. Thermal conditions. - 4.1. Ground temperature. - 4.2. Air temperature. - 5. Higric conditions. - 5.1. Relative air humidity. - 5.2. Precipitation. - 6. The influence of atmospheric circulation on temperature and humidity conditions. - 6.1. The influence of atmospheric circulation on temperature conditions. - 6.2. The influence of atmospheric circulation on humidity conditions. - 7. Comparison of meteorological conditions in the area of Forlandsundet in the summer seasons of 2010-2011 with meteorological conditions in the years of 1975-2011. - 7.1. Introduction. - 7.2. Kaffiøyra. - 7.3. Waldemar Glacier. - Appendixes.
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  • 27
    Call number: AWI P4-17-91082
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 296 S. , Ill., graph. Darst. , 25 cm
    Edition: 1. ed
    ISBN: 9780988462601
    Language: English
    Note: Contents: 1. Introduction. - 2. Current Practices. - 3. Drivers of Change. - 4. The Fuel Penalty. - 5. Underwater Hull Related Environmental Concerns. - 6. Regulatory Aspects. - 7. Hull Coating Systems Compared. - 8. A Better, Viable Alternative. - 9. In-water Ship Hull Cleaning. - 10. Propeller Cleaning. - 11. Rudder Protection. - 12. Case Studies. - 13. Conclusion. - Resources. - Glossary. - Index.
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  • 28
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Call number: AWI S2-18-91494
    Description / Table of Contents: This book provides a compact self-contained introduction to the theory and application of Bayesian statistical methods. The book is accessible to readers having a basic familiarity with probability, yet allows more advanced readers to quickly grasp the principles underlying Bayesian theory and methods. The examples and computer code allow the reader to understand and implement basic Bayesian data analyses using standard statistical models and to extend the standard models to specialized data analysis situations. The book begins with fundamental notions such as probability, exchangeability and Bayes' rule, and ends with modern topics such as variable selection in regression, generalized linear mixed effects models, and semiparametric copula estimation. Numerous examples from the social, biological and physical sciences show how to implement these methodologies in practice. Monte Carlo summaries of posterior distributions play an important role in Bayesian data analysis. The open-source R statistical computing environment provides sufficient functionality to make Monte Carlo estimation very easy for a large number of statistical models and example R-code is provided throughout the text. Much of the example code can be run ``as is'' in R, and essentially all of it can be run after downloading the relevant datasets from the companion website for this book. Peter Hoff is an Associate Professor of Statistics and Biostatistics at the University of Washington. He has developed a variety of Bayesian methods for multivariate data, including covariance and copula estimation, cluster analysis, mixture modeling and social network analysis. He is on the editorial board of the Annals of Applied Statistics.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: IX, 270 Seiten , Illustrationen
    ISBN: 9780387922997 (GB.) , 9780387924076 (electronic)
    Series Statement: Springer texts in statistics
    Language: English
    Note: Contents: 1 Introduction and examples. - 1.1 Introduction. - 1.2 Why Bayes?. - 1.2.1 Estimating the probability of a rare event. - 1.2.2 Building a predictive model. - 1.3 Where we are going. - 1.4 Discussion and further references. - 2 Belief, probability and exchangeability. - 2.1 Belief functions and probabilities. - 2.2 Events, partitions and Bayes' rule. - 2.3 Independence. - 2.4 Random variables. - 2.4.1 Discrete random variables. - 2.4.2 Continuous random variables. - 2.4.3 Descriptions of distributions. - 2.5 Joint distributions. - 2.6 Independent random variables. - 2.7 Exchangeability. - 2.8 de Finetti's theorem. - 2.9 Discussion and further references. - 3 One-parameter models. - 3.1 The binomial model. - 3.1.1 Inference for exchangeable binary data. - 3.1.2 Confidence regions. - 3.2 The Poisson model. - 3.2.1 Posterior inference . - 3.2.2 Example: Birth rates. - 3.3 Exponential families and conjugate priors. - 3.4 Discussion and further references. - 4 Monte Carlo approximation. - 4.1 The Monte Carlo method. - 4.2 Posterior inference for arbitrary functions. - 4.3 Sampling from predictive distributions. - 4.4 Posterior predictive model checking. - 4.5 Discussion and further references. - 5 The normal model. - 5.1 The normal model. - 5.2 Inference for the mean, conditional on the variance. - 5.3 Joint inference for the mean and variance. - 5.4 Bias, variance and mean squared error. - 5.5 Prior specification based on expectations. - 5.6 The normal model for non-normal data. - 5.7 Discussion and further references. - 6 Posterior approximation with the Gibbs sampler. - 6.1 A semiconjugate prior distribution. - 6.2 Discrete approximations. - 6.3 Sampling from the conditional distributions. - 6.4 Gibbs sampling. - 6.5 General properties of the Gibbs sampler. - 6.6 Introduction to MCMC diagnostics. - 6.7 Discussion and further references. - 7 The multivariate normal model. - 7.1 The multivariate normal density. - 7.2 A semiconjugate prior distribution for the mean. - 7.3 The inverse-Wishart distribution. - 7.4 Gibbs sampling of the mean and covariance. - 7.5 Missing data and imputation. - 7.6 Discussion and further references. - 8 Group comparisons and hierarchical modeling. - 8.1 Comparing two groups. - 8.2 Comparing multiple groups. - 8.2.1 Exchangeability and hierarchical models. - 8.3 The hierarchical normal model. - 8.3.1 Posterior inference. - 8.4 Example: Math scores in U.S. public schools. - 8.4.1 Prior distributions and posterior approximation. - 8.4.2 Posterior summaries and shrinkage. - 8.5 Hierarchical modeling of means and variances. - 8.5.1 Analysis of math score data. - 8.6 Discussion and further references. - 9 Linear regression. - 9.1 The linear regression model. - 9.1.1 Least squares estimation for the oxygen uptake data. - 9.2 Bayesian estimation for a regression model. - 9.2.1 A semiconjugate prior distribution. - 9.2.2 Default and weakly informative prior distributions. - 9.3 Model selection. - 9.3.1 Bayesian model comparison. - 9.3.2 Gibbs sampling and model averaging. - 9.4 Discussion and further references. - 10 Nonconjugate priors and Metropolis-Hastings algorithms. - 10.1 Generalized linear models. - 10.2 The Metropolis algorithm. - 10.3 The Metropolis algorithm for Poisson regression. - 10.4 Metropolis, Metropolis-Hastings and Gibbs. - 10.4.1 The Metropolis-Hastings algorithm. - 10.4.2 Why does the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm work?. - 10.5 Combining the Metropolis and Gibbs algorithms. - 10.5.1 A regression model with correlated errors. - 10.5.2 Analysis of the ice core data. -
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  • 29
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Berlin : Zentralinstitut für Physik der Erde
    Call number: AWI G2-19-92036
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 78 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Language: German
    Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis: 1. Vorwort. - 2. Struktur und Entwicklung der Antarktischen Platte. - 2.1. Generelle Kennzeichnung der Antarktischen Platte. - 2.2. Tripelpunkte. - 2.2.1. Bouvet-Tripelpunkt. - 2.2.2. Indik-Tripelpunkt. - 2.2.3. Macquarie-Tripelpunkt. - 2.2.4. Osterinsel-Tripelpunkt. - 2.3. Plattengrenzen und Plattenfelder. - 2.3.1. Bouvet-Indik-Feld. - 2.3.1.1. Ausbildung der Plattengrenze. - 2.3.1.2. Anomale Entwicklung südlich der Agulhas-Bruchzone. - 2.3.1.3. Inseln und submarine Plateaus im südlichen Indik. - 2.3.2. Indik-Macquarie-Feld. - 2.3.3. Macquarie-Osterinsel-Feld. - 2.3.3.1. Ausbildung der Plattengrenze. - 2.3.3.2. Sandwich- und Scotia-Platte. - 2.3.4.3. Beziehungen zwischen Südamerika und Antarktika und das Problem der Antarktischen Halbinsel. - 2.3.4.4. Weddellbecken. - 2.3.4.5. "Drake-Platte". - 2.3.4.6. Plattentektonische Entwicklung des Südostpazifiks. - 2.4. Überblick über den Werdegang der südhemisphärischen Ozeangebiete und den Ablauf des Gondwanazerfalls. - 3. Zur Bedeutung der Krustenentwicklung für Paläoozeanlogie und Paläoklimatologie. - 3.1. Einige Kennzeichen der ozeanologischen Situation in den antarktischen Meeresgebieten. - 3.2. Kriterien für Veränderungen der paläoozeanologischen und paläoklimatologischen Verhältnisse im Hinblick auf die paläotektonische Interpretation. - 3.3. Abriß der paläoozeanologisch-paläoklimatologischen Entwicklung im Känozoikum und mögliche Zusammenhänge mit dem tektonischen Geschehen. - 4. Zusammenfassung. - 5. Literaturverzeichnis. - 6. Abbildungsverzeichnis. -
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  • 30
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Oslo : Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP)
    Call number: AWI G3-19-92396
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 97 Seiten , Illustrationen
    ISBN: 978-82-7971-073-8
    Language: English
    Note: Contents: What has changed since the Arctic Climate Impact Assessment in 2005? Part 1. How the Arctic cryosphere is changing 1.1. The Arctic cryosphere 1.2. Monitoring change in the Arctic cryosphere 1.3. Snow cover is decreasing 1.4. Permafrost is thawing 1.5. Lakes and rivers are losing ice cover 1.6. Mountain glaciers, ice caps and the Greenland Ice Sheet are all diminishing 1.7. Summer sea-ice cover has declined dramatically Part 2. Why the Arctic cryosphere is changing 2.1. The Arctic climate is changing 2.2. The cryosphere interacts with other aspects of climate Part 3. More change is expected. Where in the Arctic? 3.1. Modelling the future 3.2. Future changes in temperature, rain and snowfall 3.3. Future changes in snow, permafrost, lake and river ice 3.4. Future changes in mountain glaciers, ice caps and the Greenland Ice Sheet 3.5. Future changes in sea ice Part 4. How these changes affect people and nature. Where in the Arctic? 4.1. Changing Arctic ecosystems 4.2. Changing supplies of natural resources 4.3. Changing access 4.4. Changing risks to buildings and land 4.5. Changing movement of contaminants 4.6. Changing Arctic living conditions Part 5. Why changes in the Arctic matter globally 5.1. Changes in the Arctic cryosphere affect the global climate 5.2. Melting Arctic land ice contributes to sea-level rise 5.3. Consequences for global society Part 6. What should be done? 6.1. Adapting to change 6.2. The big unknowns Glossary.
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  • 31
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Athens : Institute of Geological and Mining Research
    Call number: AWI G1-19-93055
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 58 Seiten, 10 Blätter , Illustrationen
    Language: English
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  • 32
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Gotha : VEB Hermann Haack
    Call number: MOP 42610 / Mitte ; AWI G4-18-14336
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 224 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Edition: 2. Auflage
    Language: German
    Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis: Vorwort. - 1. Wasserkreislauf, Wassermengen und Eigenschaften des Wassers. - 1.1. Herkunft des Wassers auf dem Festlande. - 1.2. Wassermengen auf der Erde. - 1.3. Wichtige Eigenschaften des Wassers. - 2. Flüsse. - 2.1. Fluß und Flußsystem. - 2.1.1. Bildung von Flüssen. - 2.1.2. Wichtige Begriffe aus der Flußkunde. - 2.1.3. Wichtige flußmorphametrische Begriffe. - 2.2. Gewässersystemarten. - 2.2.1. Normaltyp. - 2.2.2. Jungmoränentyp. - 2.2.3. Fossiler Inlandeisrandtyp im nördlichen Mitteleuropa. - 2.2.4. Trockengebietstyp. - 2.2.5. Karsttyp. - 2.3. Fluß und Relief. - 2.3.1. Fluß- und Talanlage. - 2.3.2. Durchbruchstäler. - 2.3.2.1. Epigenetische Durchbruchstalstrecken. - 2.3.2.2. Antezedente Durchbruchstalstrecken. - 2.3.3. Flußanzapfungen und Überschüttung von Wasserscheiden. - 2.3.4. Gewässer und Relief im Jungmoränenland. - 2.3.4.1. Phasen der Flußentwicklung im Jungmoränengebiet. - 2.3.4.2. Phasen der Seenentwicklung im Jungmoränengebiet. - 2.3.4.3. Ineinandergreifen beider Entwicklungsreihen. - 2.4. Abfluß und Schwankungen des Abflusses. - 2.4.1. Erfassung des Wasserstandes und Abflusses. - 2.4.1.1. Wasserstandsmessung. - 2.4.1.2. Abflußmessung. - 2.4.1.3. Abflußkurve und Abflußtafel. - 2.4.1.4. Hydrologisches Jahr und hydrologische Hauptzahlen. - 2.4.2. Abfluß und Abflußschwankungen. - 2.4.2.1. Hochwasser. - 2.4.2.2. Niedrigwasser. - 2.4.3. Eisbildung in Flüssen. - 2.4.4. Materialtransport. - 2.5. Riesenströme und Abfluß von den Kontinenten. - 2.5.1. Ordnung der Stromriesen nach der Lauflänge. - 2.5.2. Rangordnung der Riesenströme nach ihrer Einzugsgebiets- bzw. ihrer Niederschlagsgebietsgröße. - 2.5.3. Mittlerer jährlicher Abfluß der größten Ströme. - 2.5.4. Abflußmäßig größte Flüsse Europas. - 2.5.5. Mittlerer jährlicher Abfluß (MQ) und weitere Abflußdaten (MHQ, MNQ, HHQ und NNQ) von Flüssen der DDR. - 2.5.6. Abfluß von den Kontinenten. - 2.6. Abflußregime. - 2.6.1. Abflußregime und Regimefaktoren. - 2.6.2. Abflußregime nach M. Parde. - 2.6.2.1. Grundlagen der Klassifizierung nach M. Parde. - 2.6.2.2. Übersicht über die Klassifikation der Abflußregime nach M. Parde. - 2.6.2.3. Einige Bemerkungen zur Klassifikation von M. Parde und weiterführende Versuche. - 3. Seen. - 3.1. Seenverbreitung. - 3.1.1. Seen in ehemaligen und heutigen Inlandeis und Gletschergebieten. - 3.1.2. Seen in Trockengebieten. - 3.1.3. Seen in Vulkangebieten und Bereichen junger Erdkrustenbewegungen. - 3.1.4. Seen in Karst- und Auslaugungsgebieten. - 3.1.5. Seen in breiten Flußebenen. - 3.1.6. Seen an Ausgleichsküsten. - 3.2. Seebeckenentstehung. - 3.2.1. Glazialbecken. - 3.2.1.1. Seebecken im Bereich heutiger Gebirgsvergletscherung oder Inlandeisbedeckung. - 3.2.1.2. Seebecken im Abtragungsbereich letzteiszeitlicher Vergletscherung und Inlandeisbedeckung. - 3.2.1.3. Seebecken im Aufschüttungsbereich letzteiszeitlicher Inlandeisbedeckung und Vergletscherung. - 3.2.2. Bergsturz- und Erdrutschbecken. - 3.2.3. Tektonisch und vulkanisch angelegte Becken. - 3.2.4. Windwirkungsbecken. - 3.2.5. Lösungs- und Auslaugungsbecken, Abdämmung durch Sinterbildung. - 3.2.6. Becken fluvialen Ursprungs. - 3.2.7. Becken an Küsten. - 3.2.8. Becken pflanzlichen und tierischen Ursprungs. - 3.2.9. Anthropogen (durch die menschliche Gesellschaft) geschaffene Becken. - 3.2.10. Meteoritenfallbecken. - 3.3. Gestaltung, Verlandung und Form der Seebecken. - 3.4. Wasserhaushalt von Seen. - 3.5. Dichtemaximum und temperaturabhängige Schichtung des Wassers. - 3.6. Zirkulation und Stagnation. - 3.7. Thermische Seetypen. - 3.8. Biologische Seetypen. - 4. Unterirdisches Wasser (von Josef Saratka). - 4.1. Arten des unterirdischen Wassers. - 4.2. Hydrogeologische Eigenschaften der Gesteine. - 4.3. Bildung des unterirdischen Wassers. - 4.4. Zehrung des unterirdischen Wassers. - 4.5. Einige wichtige geohydrologische Begriffe. - 4.6. Grundwasserbewegung. - 4.7. Grundwasserstandsschwankungen. - 4.8. Unterirdisches Wasser in Klüften und Spalten, auf Schichtflächen und in Karsthohlräumen. - 4.9. Quellen und Grundwasserblänken. - 4.10. Mineralwässer- Säuerlinge - Thermalwässer. - 5. Gletscher. - 5.1. Inlandeis- und Gletscherverbreitung sowie Mächtigkeiten. - 5.2. Gletscherbildung. - 5.2.1. Schneegrenzen und Firnlinie. - 5.2.2. Metamorphose (Umwandlung) des Schnees in Gletschereis. - 5.3. Gletschertypen. - 5.3.1. Geomorphologische Einteilung der Gletscher. - 5.3.2. Gletschertypen - im Sinne einer einheitlichen Terminologie (nach H.-J. Schneider). - 5.3.3. Geophysikalische Einteilung der Gletscher (nach H. W. Ahlmann und M. Lagally). - 5.3.4. Einteilung der Gletscher nach dem dynamischen Zustand (nach H. W. Ahlmann). - 5.4. Gletscherbewegung und -gefüge. - 5.4.1. Gletscherbewegung. - 5.4.2. Gletschergefüge. - 5.5. Gletscherhaushalt und Gletscherschwankungen. - 5.5.1. Gletscherhaushalt. - 5.5.2. Gletscherschwankungen. - 6. Wasserkreislauf und Wasserhaushaltsbilanz. - 6.1. Erforschung von Wasserkreislauf und Wasserhaushaltsbilanz. - 6.2. Wichtige Begriffe. - 6.3. Wasserhaushaltsgleichung für die Erde. - 6.4. Erfassung der Wasserhaushaltselemente. - 6.4.1. Niederschlag auf die Landflächen der Erde (N L). - 6.4.2. Abfluß von den Landflächen der Erde (AL). - 6.4.3. Verdunstung von den Landflächen (VL). - 6.4.4. Verdunstung von den Meeresflächen (VM). - 6.4.5. Niederschlag auf die Meeresflächen (NM). - 6.5. Wasserkreislauf und Wasserhaushaltsbilanz der Erde. - 6.5.1. Wasserhaushaltsbilanzen für die Erde. - 6.5.2. Wasserkreislauf und Wasserhaushaltsbilanz der Erde. - Literaturauswahl.
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  • 33
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Jena : Zeiss-Aerotopograph
    Associated volumes
    Call number: AWI E3-14-0024
    In: Deutsche antarktische Expedition 1938/39 mit dem Flugzeugstützpunkt der Deutschen Lufthansa A. G. M. S. "Schwabenland", Kapitän A. Kottas, ausgeführt unter der Leitung von Kapitän A. Ritscher
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: Seite 157-230 , Illustrationen , 3 Kartenbeilagen, 2 Stereobrillen, 1 Beilage ([26] S.)
    Series Statement: Deutsche Antarktische Expedition 1938/39 Band 1: Wissenschaftliche und fliegerische Ergebnisse
    Language: German
    Note: In Fraktur
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  • 34
    Call number: AWI E3-92-0497
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XV, VII, 333 S. , Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    Edition: Repr. [of the ed.] London, 1901
    ISBN: 0905838416
    Language: English
    Note: Contents: Preface. - New introduction. - I. Introductory. - II. From Hobart to South Victoria Land. - III. Life in South Victoria Land. - IV. Cut off from all the world. - V. The winter in Victoria Land. - VI. Sledge Journey in winter. - VII. Among the penguins. - VIII. Return of the Southern Cross. - IX. Farthest south. - X. Towards civilization. - Appendix I. Appendix II.
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  • 35
    Call number: AWI E2-91-1501
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 206 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Edition: 1.-5. Tausend
    Uniform Title: Meždu žizńju i smert'ju 〈dt.〉
    Language: German
    Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zur Einführung. - Albanows Schlittenreise von Bord der "St. Anna" nach Kap Flora. - I. Die Vorbereitungen zur Schlittenexpedition. - II. Der letzte Tag an Bord der "St. Anna". - III. Auf den Eisfeldern des Polarmeeres. - IV. Tod des Matrosen Bajew. Neue Entmutigung der Gefährten. Die Kräfte versagen. - V. Die Eisdrift nimmt südliche Richtung. - VI. Land! Land!. - VII. Auf dem Alexandra-Land. - VIII. Der unheilvolle Übergang nach Kap Flora. - IX. Auf Kap Flora. Das Jackson- und Ziegler-Heim. - X. Vorbereitungen für die Überwinterung auf Kap Flora. - XI. Das Schiff ist da!. - XII. Abschied von Franz-Joseph-Land. - Schlußwort. , Aus dem Russischen übersetzt , In Fraktur
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  • 36
    Call number: ZSP-168-12
    In: Berichte zur Polarforschung
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 34 S. : Kt.
    Series Statement: Berichte zur Polarforschung 12
    Language: German
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  • 37
    Call number: AWI Bio-89-0001
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XLIV, 1252 S. : Ill. ; 25 cm
    ISBN: 0872010007
    Language: English , French
    Note: Contents: Preface / G. A. Llano. - Welcoming Remarks / W. S. Benninghoff. - The Third Symposium in Historical Perspective / G. A. Knox. - Sir George E. R. Deacon: An Appreciation / K. J. Bertrand. - The Southern Ocean: History of Exploration / Sir George E. R. Deacon. - The Symposium. - Part I: The Structure and Function of Antarctic Marine Phytoplankton Ecosystems. - The Antarctic Marine Ecosystem / Joel W. Hedgpeth. - Primary Production and the Factors Controlling Phytoplankton Growth in the Southern Ocean / O. Holm-Hansen, S. Z. El-Sayed, G. A. Franceschini, and R. L. Cuhel. - Phytoplankton Biomass and Productivity in the Subtropical Convergence Area and Shelves of the Western Indian Subantarctic Islands / Jacqueline Plancke. - Sea Ice Habitats of Signy Island (South Orkneys) and Their Primary Productivity / Terence M. Whitaker. - Dissolved Oxygen and pH Increases by Primary Production in the Surface Water of Arthur Harbor, Antarctica, 1970-1971 / S. V. Shabica, J. W. Hedgpeth, and P. K. Park. - Heterotrophic Activity of Microorganisms in Antarctic Waters / R. Y. Morita, R. P. Griffiths, and S. S. Hayasaka. - Vitamins in the South Polar Seas: Distribution and Significance of Dissolved and Particulate Vitamin B12, Thiamine, and Biotin in the Southern Indian Ocean / A. F. Caducei and R. L. Cuhel. - Discussion. - Part II: The Structure and Function of Antarctic Marine Benthic Ecosystems. - Adaptations within the Antarctic Marine Benthic Ecosystem / Patrick M. Arnaud. - Bacterial Sulfur and Nitrogen Cycles in Sedimentary Deposits of "Fjord Bossière" (Kerguelen Archipelago) / D. Delille. - Antarctic Soft-Bottom, Macrobenthic Community Adaptations to a Cold, Stable, Highly Productive, Glacially Affected Environment / Michael D. Richardson and Joel W. Hedgpeth. - Ecological Adaptations by Antarctic Poikilotherms to the Polar Marine Environment / Martin G. White. - Scoloplos marginatus mcleani: Life Cycle and Adaptations to the Antarctic Benthic Environment / P. Hardy. - Benthic Bionomy of the Continental Shelf of the Kerguelen Archipelago, Macrofauna 2, Diversity of Benthic Annelid Population in a Fjord Close to the Morbihan Gulf / D. Desbruyeres. - Seasonal Variations in the Structure of Populations of Antarctic Polynoids and the Part Played by Polychaetes in the Biocenoses of the Arctic and Antarctic / V. G. Averincev. - Benthic Bionomy of the Continental Shelf of the Kerguelen Islands: Quantitative Data on the Echinoderms of the Morbihan Gulf / Alain Guille. - Seasonal Alterations in Coastal Communities in the Davis Sea / E. N. Gruzov. - First Investigations on the Density of Soft Bottom Meiofauna in Morbihan Bay (Kerguelen Islands) / J. Soyer and F. de Bovee. - Foods and Feeding Characteristics of Antarctic Asteroids and Ophiuroids / John H. Dearborn. - Analysis of the Gigantism and Dwarfness of Antarctic and Subantarctic Gammaridean Amphipoda / Claude De Broyer. - The Breeding Biology of Chorismus antarcticus (Pfeffer) and Notocrangon antarcticus (Pfeffer) (Crustacea, Decapoda) and Its Bearing on the Problems of the Impoverished Antarctic Decapod Fauna / J. Garrey H. Maxwell. - A Preliminary Investigation of the Lipids of Chorismus antarcticus (Pfeffer) (Crustacea, Decapoda) at South Georgia / Andrew Clarke. - Some Additions to Schemes of the Vertical Zonation of Marine Bottom Fauna / A. P. Andriashev. - Quantitative Studies on the Soft-Bottom Macrobenthic Animal Communities of Shallow Antarctic Bays / V. A. Gallardo, J. G. Castillo, M. A. Retamal, A. Yáñez, H. l. Moyano, and J. G. Hermosilla. - Discussion. - Part Ill: Adaptations in Antarctic Vertebrates (Physiology). - Mechanisms of Cold Adaptation in Polar Marine Animals / Bruce L. Umminger. - The Significance of Vertebrates in the Antarctic Marine Ecosystem / Richard M. Laws. - The Role of Glycoprotein Antifreezes in the Survival of Antarctic Fishes / Arthur L. DeVries and Yuan Lin. - New Cytological, Biochemical, and Physiological Data on the Colorless Blood of the Channichthyidae (Pisces, Teleosteans, Perciformes) / J. C. Hureau, J. M. Fine, M. Marneux, and D. Petit. - Respiratory and Circulatory Adaptations to the Absence of Hemoglobin in Chaenichthyid Fishes / Edvard A. Hemmingsen and Everett L. Douglas. - Thermo- and Osmoregulatory Responses Induced by Heating and Cooling the Rostral Brainstem of the Adelie Penguin / H. T. Hammel, J. E. Maggert, E. Simon, L. Crawshaw, and R. Kaul. - Body Temperature Regulation of the Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri G.) During Physiological Fasting / Yvon Le Maho, Philippe Delclitte, and René Groscolas. - Cardiovascular Adaptations of the Giant Petrel, Macronectes giganteus, to the Antarctic Environment / David E. Murrish and Charles L. Guard. - Temperature Regulation in the Newborn Weddell Seal, Leptonychotes weddelli / R. Elsner, D. D. Hammond, D. M. Denison, and R. Wyburn. - Discussion. - Part IV: Adaptations in Antarctic Vertebrates (Ecology). - Evolution Within Pelagic Ecosystems: Aspects of the Distribution and Evolution of the Family Myctophidae / Richard F. McGinnis. - Aspects of the Diet of the Antarctic Silverfish, Pleuragramma antarcticum / H. H. DeWitt and T. L. Hopkins. - The Bacterial Microflora in the Digestive Tracts of Penguins and Fishes from the Kerguelen Islands / R. Lesel and J. P. Menet. - The Rockhopper Penguin (Eudyptes chrysocome moseleyi), of Saint Paul and New Amsterdam Islands / T. Duroselle and B. Tollu. - Adaptive Significance of the Reoccupation Period of the Adelie Penguin / E. B. Spurr. - Interactions Between South Polar Skuas and Adelie Penguins / Dietland Müller-Schwarze and Christine Müller-Schwarze. - Comparative Feeding Ecology of the Giant Petrels Macronectes giganteus (Gmelin) and M. halli (Mathews) / G. W. Johnstone. - Feeding Methods in Seabirds: A Comparison of Polar and Tropical Nesting Communities in the Eastern Pacific Ocean / David G. Ainley. - Adaptations of Arctic Terns and Antarctic Terns Within Antarctic Ecosystems / D. F. Parmelee. - Distribution and Abundance of Seals in the Pack Ice of the Pacific Sector of the Southern Ocean / James R. Gilbert and Albert W. Erickson. - Adaptations of Weddell and Ringed Seals to Exploit the Polar Fast Ice Habitat in the Absence or Presence of Surface Predators / Ian Stirling. - Food Consumption of Seals in the Antarctic Pack Ice / Torger Øritsland. - The Leopard Seal (Hydrurga leptonyx) at Palmer Station, Antarctica / R. J. Hofman, R. A. Reichle, D. B. Siniff, and D. Müller-Schwarze. - Distribution of Toothed Whales in the Antarctic Ocean / Masaharu Nishiwaki. - Discussion. - Part V: The Structure and Function of Antarctic Freshwater Ecosystems. - Antarctic Freshwater Ecosystems: Review and Synthesis / Ronald B. Heywood. - Production and Periodicity of Antarctic Freshwater Phytoplankton / J. J. Light. - Studies on Some Saline Lakes of the Vestfold Hills, Antarctica / K. R. Kerry, D. R. Grace, R. Williams, and H. R. Burton. - Nitrogen and Phosphorus Availability to Plankton: and Benthic Communities in Lake Bonney, Southern Victoria Land, Antarctica / Robert C. Hoehn, Bruce C. Parker, Richard D. Fortner, Barron L. Weand, James A. Craft, Larry S. Lane, Robert W. Stavros, Harold G. Sugg, Jr., and Jeffrey T. Whitehurst. - Changes in Dissolved Organic Matter, Photosynthetic Production, and Microbial Community Composition in Lake Bonney, Southern Victoria Land, Antarctica / Bruce C. Parker, Robert C. Hoehn, Robert A. Paterson, James A. Craft, Larry S. Lane, Robert W. Stavros, Harold G. Sugg, Jr., Jeffrey T. Whitehurst, Richard D. Fortner, and Barron L. Weand. - Discussion. - Part VI: The Structure and Function of Antarctic Terrestrial Ecosystems. - Climatic Relationships in Antarctic and Northern Hemisphere Populations of a Cosmopolitan Moss, Bryum argenteum Hedw. / R. E. Longton and Marjorie A. Maclver. - The Growth of Mosses in Two Contrasting Communities in the Maritime Antarctic: Measurement and Pre , Includes some contributions in French
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  • 38
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    New York : Academic Press
    Associated volumes
    Call number: AWI A6-94-0044
    In: Advances in geophysics, Volume 21
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: Seiten 87-230 , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Advances in geophysics Volume 21
    Language: English
    Note: Contents 1. An Introduction to Mountain Effects 2. The Flow over Hills and the Generation of Mountain Waves 2.1 Buoyancy Forces 2.2 The Theory of Two- Dimensional Mountain Waves 2.3 Observations of Mountain Waves 2.4 The Three-Dimensional Flow over Isolated Hills 2.5 Large-Amplitude Mountains and Blocking 2.6 The Observed Barrier Effect of Mountains-The Fohn and Bora 2. 7 The Influence of the Boundary Layer on Mountain Flows 2.8 Slope Winds and Mountain and Valley Winds 3. The Flow near Mesoscale and Synoptic-Scale Mountains 3.1 Quasi-geostrophic Flow over a Mountain 3.2 The Effect of Inertia on the Flow over Mesoscale Mountains 3.3 Theories of Lee Cyclogenesis 4. Orographic Control of Precipitation 4.1 Observations of Rainfall Distribution 4.2 The Mechanism of Upslope Rain 4.3 The Redistribution of Rainfall by Small Hills 4.4 Orographic-Convective Precipitation 5. Planetary-Scale Mountain Waves 5.1 A Vertically Integrated Model of Topographically Forced Planetary Waves 5.2 The Vertical Structure of Planetary Waves on a ,8-Plane between Bounding Latitudes 5.3 Models of Stationary Planetary Waves Allowing Meridional Propagation and Lateral Variation in the Background Wind References
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  • 39
    Call number: AWI A17-96-0552-1 ; AWI A17-96-0552-2
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: Seiten 1-204, 257-526
    Edition: English edition updated, augmented and revised by the authors
    Edition: Fourth printing
    ISBN: 0262130629
    Uniform Title: Statističeskaja gidromechanika
    Language: English
    Note: Enthaltene Kapitel sind: Chapter 1 Laminar and turbulent flows Chapter 3 Reynolds equations and the semiempirical theories of turbulence Chapter 4 Turbulence in a thermally stratified medium
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  • 40
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Oxford [u.a.] : Pergamon Press
    Call number: AWI A6-01-0208
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XVI, 241 S. , graph. Darst.
    Edition: 1. Aufl.
    ISBN: 0080216153
    Series Statement: Pergamon international library of science, technology, engineering and social studies
    Language: English
    Note: Contents: Preface. - List of Symbols Commonly Used in the Text. - Acknowledgements. - 1 Introduction. - 2 Properties of Sea Water Relevant to Physical Oceanography. - Introduction. - Density. - Measurement of density, temperature and salinity. - Relative density, sigma-t and specific volume. - Tables for density and specific volume as functions of temperature, salinity and pressure. - Sources of data. - 3 The Basic Physical Laws Used in Oceanography and Classifications of Forces and Motions in the Sea. - Basic laws. - Classification of forces and motion. - 4 The Equation of Continuity of Volume. - The concept of continuity of volume. - The derivation of the equation of continuity of volume. - An application of the equation of continuity. - 5 Stability and Double Diffusion. - Static stabiIity. - Criterion for static stability (E). - Numerical values for stability. - Double diffusion. - Dynamic stability. - 6 The Equation of Motion in Oceanography. - The form of the equation of motion. - Obtaining solutions to the equations, including boundary conditions. - The derivation of the terms in the equation of motion. - The pressure term. - Transforming from axes fixed in space to axes fixed in the rotating earth. - Gravitation and gravity. - The Coriolis terms. - Other accelerations. - Coordinate systems. - 7 The Role of the Non-Linear Terms in the Equations of Motion. - The non-linear terms in the equation of motion. - The friction term for the instantaneous velocity. - What is the source of the difficulty?. - Scaling and the Reynolds Number. - Reynolds stresses. - Equations for the mean or average motion. - Reynolds stresses and eddy viscosity. - Scaling the equations of motion. - Dynamic stabiIity. - The effect of density variations on dynamic stability. - Effects of rotation. - 8 Currents Without Friction: Geostrophic Flow. - Hydrostatic equiIibrium. - Inertial flow. - GeopotentiaI. - Geopotential surfaces and isobaric surfaces. - The geostrophic equation. - Why worry about the geostrophic equation?. - The geostrophic method for calculating relative velocities. - An example of the calculation of a geostrophic velocity profile. - An alternative derivation of the geostrophic equation. - The 'thermal wind' equations. - Absolute velocities. - Relations between isobaric and level surfaces. - Relations between isobaric and isopycnal surfaces. - Comments on the geostrophic equation. - Justification for using the geostrophic approach to obtain the speeds of strong currents. - 9 Currents With Friction. - Wind-driven circulations - introduction. - Nansen's qualitative argument. - The equations of motion with friction included. - Ekman's solution to the equations of motion with friction present. - Comments on the above experimental observations. - Transport and upwelling. - Upwelling or downwelling away from boundaries. - Bottom friction and shallow water effects. - Limitations of the Ekman theory. - Sverdrup's solution for the wind-driven circulation. - Orders of magnitude of the terms. - Application of the Sverdrup equation. - The general form of the Sverdrup equation. - The mass transport stream function. - Westward intensification - Stommel's contribution. - The planetary wind field. - Munk's solution. - Comments on Munk's solution. - Vorticity. - Relative vorticity. - Planetary vorticity. - Absolute vorticity. - Potential vorticity. - Westward intensification of ocean currents explained using conservation of potential vorticity. - Equatorial undercurrents. - The boundary layer approach. - The use of the boundary layer approach to obtain a solution to Munk's equation. - A simple inertial theory by Stommel. - 10 Thermohaline Effects. - The deep circulation. - Equations for salt and temperature (heat) conservation. - Equations for the average salinity and temperature. - Reynolds fluxes and eddy diffusivity. - Thermoclines and the thermohaline circulation. - The mixed layer of the ocean. - 11 Numerical Models. - Introduction. - Numerical methods. - General approach to numerical modelling of ocean circulations. - Descriptions of some models of individual oceans. - O'Brien's two-dimensional wind-driven model of the North Pacific. - Cox's model of the Indian Ocean. - Holland and Hirschmann's model of the Atlantic Ocean. - Two models of the circulation of the world ocean. - Models of mesoscale eddies. - Comments on the numerical model solutions. - 12 Waves. - Introduction. - Some general characteristics of waves. - Small amplitude waves. - Orbital motion of the water particles. - Refraction and breaking in shallow water; diffraction. - The generation of waves. - Measurement of waves. - ReaI waves. - Wave generation by the wind; semi-empirical relations. - Energy of waves. - Tsunamis or seismic sea waves. - Internal waves. - Effects of rotation. - Modified gravity waves. - Kelvin waves. - Planetary or Rossby waves. - Topographic effects. - 13 Tides. - Introduction. - Tide-producing forces. - Components of the tide-producing forces. - Ocean responses to the tide-producing forces - tidaI theories. - The practical approach to tide prediction. - The measurement of tides. - Types of tides. - Tidal currents. - Tides in bays-resonance. - Storm surges. - 14 Some Presently Active and Future Work. - APPENDIX I Mathematical Review with Some Elementary Fluid Mechanics. - Introduction. - Scalars and vectors. - Derivatives. - The individual or total derivative. - Integrals. - Fields. - Descriptions of fluid flow. - Convergences and divergences. - Hydrostatic pressure. - Slope effects. - CompressibiIity. - Centripetal and centrifugal forces. - APPENDIX 2 Units Used in Physical Oceanography. - Introduction. - Base units. - Derived and temporary units. - Units used in dynamic oceanography and some numerical values. - SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING AND FOR REFERENCE. - INDEX.
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  • 41
    Call number: AWI G3-17-90622
    In: Lecture Notes in Earth Sciences, 118
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XXIX, 387 S. , Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. , 24 cm
    ISBN: 9783642002878 (GB.) , 9783642002885 (electronic)
    Series Statement: Lecture notes in earth sciences 118
    Language: English
    Note: Contents: PART I GEOLOGICAL AND PALEOECOLOGICAL EVENTS OF THE LATE PLEISTOCENE AND HOLOCENE IN NORTHERN EURASIA. - 1 Geological and Paleoecological Events of the Late Pleistocene along Eurasian Coastal Areas of the Arctic Ocean. - General Upper Pleistocene Stratigraphie Scheme for Northern Eurasia. - Duration of the Mikulino Interglaciation. - Correlation of the Natural Events Correlative with MIS 5d-5a in Northern West Europe and Northwestern Russia. - 2 Late Pleistocene Geologic-Paleoecological Events in the North of European Russia. - Relationship between Land and Sea Areas during the Mikulino Interglacial in Northern Eurasia. - Genetic Types of Continental Sediments. - Marine Sediments of the Boreal Transgression in the North of European Russia. - 3 Main Geologic-Paieoecoioglcal Events of the Late Pleistocene in the North of Western Siberia. - 4 Geologic-Paleoecological Events of the late Pleistocene in the Northern-Siberian Lowland and Taimyr Peninsula. - 5 The Late Glacial Time and Holocene of Northern Eurasia. - 6 Outlines of the Late Pleistocene and Holocene History of the East Arctic Seas. - 7 The Deglaciation Time and Holocene of Northern Eurasia. - PART II MARINE SEDIMENTATION IN THE ARCTIC OCEAN AND SUBARCTIC SEAS. - 8 The Seas of West Subarctic Region. - Geologic and Oceanographic Setting. - History of Sedimentation. - History of Sedimentation Rates. - History of Sedimentation on the Vøring Plateau During the Last 25 ka. - History of Sedimentation at the Continental Margin of Eastern and South-Eastern Greenland During the Last 130 ka. - 9 The Arctic Ocean. - Recent Environment. - Morphostructure, Oceanographic and Sea-Ice Setting, Recent Sediments and Their Mineral Composition. - Facies Variations of Holocene Sediments on the Yermak Plateau (According to Study Data of 〉 63 mkm Fraction). - History of Sedimentation. - History of Sedimentation Rates During the Last 130 ka. - History of Sedimentation on the Yermak Plateau During the Last 190 ka. - Organic-Geochemical Sediment Studies of the Eastern Part of the Central Arctic. - 10 The Western Arctic Seas. - Recent Sedimentation Environment. - The Barents Sea. - The Kara Sea. - Surface Sediments of the Pechora Sea. - Surface Sediments of St. Anna Trough. - Facies Zonality of Surface Sediments in the Eastern Kara Sea. - History of Sedimentation. - Late- and Post-Glacial History of Sedimentation in the Eastern Part of the Barents Sea. - Holocene Sedimentation History in the Southern Novaya Zemlya Trough. - History of Sedimentation in the Pechora Sea During the Late Pleistocene and Holocene. - Light Fraction Mineralogy of the Upper Quaternary Sediments from the Saint Anna Trough and Its Paleoceanographic Interpretation. - Holocene History of Yenisei River Discharge. - Holocene History of Ob River Discharge. - 11 Eastern Arctic Seas. - Recent Sedimentation Environment. - The Laptev Sea. - The East Siberian Sea. - The Chukchi Sea. - History of Sedimentation. - History of Sedimentation in the Laptev Sea During the Late Weichselian to Holocene by Geophysical and Geochemical Data. - Holocene History of the Lena and Other Rivers Discharge in the Laptev Sea. - Organic Geochemical Data About Sedimentation History Along the Continental Slope of the East Siberian Sea During the Last Climatic Cycle. - Preliminary Data About Accumulation of Diatom-Bearing Clayey Silts at the Chukchi Sea Shelf. - 12 Seas of the Eastern Subarctic. - Recent Sedimentation Environment. - History of Sedimentation. - History of Sedimentation in the Deep-Water Part of the Shirshov Ridge (Bering Sea) During the Last Three Marine-Isotope Stages. - History of Sedimentation in the Northern Sea of Okhotsk During the Last 1.1 Ma. - PART III THE LATE PLEISTOCENE PALEOGEOGRAPHIC EVENTS OF NORTHERN EURASIA AND HISTORY OF SEDIMENTATION IN THE SUBARCTIC SEAS AND THE ARCTIC OCEAN IN RELATION TO THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE GLACIATION DURING THE LAST CLIMATIC CYCLE. - 13 Characteristic Features of the Mikulino Landscapes. - 14 Results of Paleoclimate Studies. - 15 Particularities of Sedimentation Processes Within the Continental Blocks and Marine Basins. - Deglaciation Peculiarities. - Facies Variability during Glaciations, Deglaciations, Interglacials. - Geological History of the Arctic Ocean Sea Ice during the Last 60 ka. - Intercoupling of Atmo-, Hydro-, Cryo-, Bio-, and Lithospheres. - References. - Index.
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  • 42
    Call number: AWI G1-17-90940
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XXXI, 475 S. , Ill., Kt., graph. Darst. , 6 Kt.
    Series Statement: Natural History of Central Asia 2
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS: PREFACE. - LIST OF PLATES. - LIST OF FIGURES. - PART I. - GENERAL INTRODUCTION. - I. - Geological objectives and methods of the expedition with a review of former explorations. - Introduction. - The approach to Mongolia. - The Gobi Region. - Prehistoric adventure. - Historic travel and modern exploration. - Earlier studies of special significance. - II. - Boundaries of the Gobie Region. - Introduction. - The Northern Boundary. - Northern boundary - western section. - Northern boundary - central section. - Northern boundary - eastern section. - Summary of the Transbaikal border. - The Eastern Boundary. - Summary of the eastern boundary. - The Southern Boundary. - Southern boundary - eastern section. - Southern boundary - central section. - Southern boundary - western section. - The Western Boundary. - PART II. - ROUTE STUDIES OR ITINERARY. - Introduction. - The task of a geological reconnaisance expedition. - Recording observations. - III. - From Kalgan to Iren Dabasu. - Kalgan to Wan Ch'uan Pass. - The lower pass. - Wan Ch'uan basin and the upper pass. - The Pacific divide to P'ang Kiang. - The granite hills of Chakhar. - The P'ang Kiang hollow. - P'ang Kiang to Iren Dabasu. - The first fossils. - IV. - From Iren Dabasu to Urga. - Iren Dabasu to Camp Jurassic. - The structural relations at Camp Jurassic. - Camp Jurassic to Mount Tuerin. - The granites of Mount Tuerin. - Mount Tuerin to Bolkuk Gol. - The Arctic divide. - Observations in the vicinity of Camp Bolkuk Gol. - Course of the Bolkuk Gol. - Glacial evidence in the Gangin Daba. - Ground ice. - Local culture. - Side traverse toward Urga. - Mineral resources. - V. - From Urga to Tsetsenwan Traverse along the Tola River. - The vicinity of five Antelope Camp. - From the Tola River to Tsetsenwan. - The vicinity of Tsetsenwan. - A side traverse north of Tsetsenwan. - The serpent-form dikes. - Contact effects of the granite margin. - Jurassic structural relations. - A side traverse south of Tsetsenwan. - VI. - From Tsetsenwan to Sain Noin and the Arctic divide. - Wastward from Tsetsenwan. - The vicinity of Camp Canyon Brook. - From Camp Canyon Brook to the Ongin Gol. - Rock-bound hollows. - Continuation of the traverse. - The Ongin Gol. - From the Ongin Gol to Sain Noin. - The vicinity of Sain Noin. - From Rainy Gulch to the Arctic Divide. - A step across the divide. - VII. - From the hot springs of Sain Noin to Mount Uskuk. - Arishan to Gorida. - The Gorida basin. - The old Uliassutai trail. - Old Uliassutai Trail to Mount Uskuk. - The saltpan of Guchu Burt. - Ondai Sair. - VII. - The return journey from Tsagan Nor to Artsa Bogdo. - Choosing a route. - Tsagan Nor to the volcanic cliffs. - Desert hollows. - Volcanic cliffs to Artsa Bogdo. - North Margin of Artsa Bogdo. - Picture writings. - IX. - From Artsa Bogdo to Sair Usu. - Artsa Bogdo to Djadokhta. - The flaming cliffs of Djadokhta. - Djadokhta to Ongin Gol in Sumu. - Ongin Gol in Sumu. - Ongin Gol to Sair Usu. - X. - From Sair Usu to Kalgan. - Palaeozoic strata. - Continuation of traverse to Ardyn Obo. - Sediments of Ardyn Obo. - Ardyn Obo to Shara Murun. - Palaeozoic strata of Jisu Honguer. - Tertiary sediments of Shara Murun. - Shara Murun to Kalgan. - Chinese settlements. - The return to Kalgan. - PART III. - SPECIAL AND LOCALITY STUDIES. - Introduction. - Method of Mapping. - XI. - Eren Dabasu and Irdin Manha. - Introduction. - General aspect and larger relations of the basin. - Origin of the hollow at Iren Dabasu. - General Rock structure. - The Iren Dabasu formation. - Variegated Tertiary beds. - The Houldjin formation. - The Arshanto and Irdin Manha formations. - Shara Murun. - Age and correlation. - XII. - Arishan, the sacred mountain of Sain Noin. - Introduction. - Features of the locality. - Geological formations. - Graywacke series. - The granite. - The Jurassic formation. - Special products. - Structural features. - The spring waters and their origin. - XIII. - Mount Uskuk and the Tsagan Nor Basin. - Principal structural features. - The rock formations. - Rocks of the ancient floor. - The crystalline metamorphics. - The graywacke series. - Bathylithic granite. - Jurassic strata. - Post-Jurassic intrusives. - Rocks of the sedimentary cover. - Cretaceous strata. - Fossil content. - Tertiary strata. - Fossil content. - Former extent of later sediments. - Evidence of the faulted margins. - Evidence of the sedimentary remnants. - Evidence of the basalt remnants. - Evidence of planation. - Erosional history of the south block of Uskuk. - Deformation of the Mount Uskuk region. - The Saltpan of Guchu Burt. - Tsagan Nor. - XIV. - The Gurbun Saikhan Ranges. - The journey. - A desert well. - The return journey. - Geological observations at Artsa Bogdo. - The south.basin. - Approach to the Gurbun Saikhan. - The formations of the Gurbun Saikhan. - Ancient rocks. - Limestones. - Serpentine. - Graywacke-slate series. - Topographic character of the Gurbun Saikhan. - XV. - Artsa Bogdo and Oshih. - The Artsa Bogdo Mountain Block. - The marginal shelf. - History of the shelf. - Rock formations of the mountain. - Ancient meta-crystallines and intrusives. - Folded sediments and associated eruptives. - Later igneous rocks. - Tectonic features. - Traces of former sedimentary cover. - Topographic features. - Stream pattern. - Glaciation. - The Oshih Hollow. - Features of the locality. - The geologic column. - XVI. - Problems and areas deserving special study. - Introduction. - Sedimentary basins and potential fossil fields. - The area of the great pass. - P'ang Kiang. - The paper-shales of mile 299. - The flaming cliffs of Uskuk. - Oshih (Ashile) basin. - Djadokhta. - Ardyn Obo. - Shara Muraci. - Ulan Nor. - The badlands of the Ongin Gol. - Structural and historical problems. - The Camp Jurassic area. - The crystalline upland east of the Ongin Gol. - The transition country of Gangin Daba. - Sair Usu. - Los in Sumu. - Jisu Honguer. - Genral problems. - PART IV. - SUMMARIES AND DISCUSSIONS. - Introduction. - XVII. - Structural elements of the Oldrock floor. - Two major divisions. - Subdivision of the Oldrock floor. - Mesozoic intrusives. - Jurassic sediments. - Paloeozoic strata. - The great Mongolian bathylith. - The Khangai graywacke series. - The ancient crystalline complex. - The Wu T'ai system. - The T'ai Shan complex. - XVIII. - Surface features and their origin. - Basins and mountains. - The basin of Mongolia. - Deserts in general. - The shaping processes. - Major subdivisions of the Mongolian Basin. - Talas of the eastern and southern province. - The western faulted talas. - Mountains. - Fault-block mountains of the Altai type. - Ikhe Bogdo. - Baga Bogdo. - Artsa Bogdo. - Gurbun Saikhan. - The mountains of the eastern province. - Volcanic mountains. - The structure lines of Mongolia. - XIX. - Surface features and their origin (continued). - Plateaus, plains and flatlands. - Introduction - the level lands of the desert. - Agencies which carve the erosion plane. - Erosion by wind. - Rainfall. - Drainage. - Immigrant streams. - Native streams. - Erosive work of running water. - The Piedmont Slope. - The Gobi erosion plane. - Original slopes of the erosion plane. - Deformation of the Gobi surface. - Deposits on the Gobi upland. - Redissection of the Gobi erosion plane. - Summary of the Gobi erosion plane. - Desert Hollows. - The older Peneplanes. - The pre-Cretaceous peneplane. - The Mongolian peneplane. - The Khangai peneplane. - Relations of the Khangai and Mongolian peneplanes . - Relations of the Mongolian peneplane and the Gobi erosion plane. - Relations between the Gobi erosion plane and the lowlands of the P'ang Kiang stage. - Comparison of peneplanes with those of surrounding regions. -
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  • 43
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Wien : Springer-Verlag
    Call number: AWI A5-18-91452 ; MOP 44221 / Mitte
    Description / Table of Contents: Neben der vorwiegend empirisch orientierten synoptischen Wettervorhersage hat in den letzten Jahren die numerisch-mathematische Methode der Vorausberechnung von Feldverteilungen meteorologischer Elemente in zunehmenden Maße an Bedeutung gewonnen. Auch bei der Analyse der Wetterkarte dominieren heute die objektiven rechnerischen Methoden, können jedoch derzeit die Arbeit des Meteorologen noch nicht ganz ersetzen. Wesentlich neue Erkenntnisse brachte auch die Satellitenmeteorologie. Um diesen Tatsachen gerecht zu werden, werden in dem Buch die empirisch-synoptischen wie auch die theoretischen Arbeitsweisen möglichst gleichmäßig berücksichtigt. Es werden die heute noch verwendbaren synoptischen Regeln und Analysenmethoden ebenso erläutert wie die rein mathematischen Methoden der numerischen Integration von Modellgleichungen. Das Buch soll sowohl einen Einblick in die moderne Problematik der Wetterprognose vermitteln als auch dem Studierenden einen Weg zum Verständnis der Spezialliteratur eröffnen. Es ist auch als Text für Vorlesungen über theoretische Synoptik und Einführung in die numerische Wettervorhersage geeignet.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XIII, 208 Seiten , mit 59 Abbildungen im Text und auf zwei Ausschlagtafeln
    ISBN: 978-3-7091-7079-3
    Language: German
    Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis: Verzeichnis der Symbole. - A. Der synoptische Wetterzustand und seine Analyse. - 1. Die Wetterkarte. - 2. Analyse des Druck- und Stromfeldes. - 3. Analyse des Druckänderungsfeldes. - 4. Analyse des Temperatur- und Feuchtefeldes. - 5. Luftmassen- und Frontenanalyse. - 6. Analyse abgeleiteter Feldgrößen (Divergenz und Vorticity) und der Vertikalbewegung. - 7. Bestimmung des zonalen Index und Konstruktion zonaler Windprofile. - 8. Satellitenmeteorologie als Hilfsmittel für die Analyse. - 9. Objektive mathematisch-numerische Analyse von Feldverteilungen. - B. Synoptische Methoden der Vorhersage. - 1. Einleitung. - 2. Kinematische Extrapolationen. - 3. Dynamische Methoden zur Vorhersage des Höhendruckfeldes. - 4. Kopplung des Boden- und Höhendruckfeldes (Steuerung der Bodendruckwellen durch die Höhenströmung). - 5. Entstehung und Entwicklung von Tiefdruckgebieten. - 6. Einfluß des Höhendruckfeldes auf die Entwicklung von Depressionen. - 7. Statische und quasistatische Prognosen. - 8. Voraussage von Bewölkung und Niederschlag. - C. Theorie der mathematischen Wettervorhersage. - 1. Problemstellung. - 2. Grundgleichungen der atmosphärischen Dynamik. - 3. Allgemeine Sätze der Wirbeldynamik. - 4. Wahl spezieller Koordinatensysteme. - 5. Berücksichtigung der Kartenprojektion. - 6. Numerische Integration der Prognosengleichungen und das Problem der Filterung. - 7. Das adiabatische Modell einer reibungsfreien trockenen Atmosphäre. - 8. Das barotrope Modell. - 9. Einfache barokline Modelle. - 10. Die Zyklogenese. - 11. Beispiel einer numerischen Vorausberechnung der Isohypsen der 500mb-Topographie mit barotropen und baroklinen Modellen. - 12. Die Ausbreitung von Luftverunreinigungen in der Atmosphäre. - Anhang. - I. Erläuterungen des Wetterschlüssels und des Eintragungsschemas. - Il. Das Stüve-Diagramm. - III. Helmholtz: Satz von der Wirbelerhaltung in einer idealen Flüssigkeit. - IV. Ertels Wirbelsatz einer reibungsfreien kompressiblen Flüssigkeit auf der rotierenden Erde. - Wichtige Konstanten und Umrechnungsfaktoren. - Literatur. - Sachverzeichnis.
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  • 44
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Heidelberg : Spektrum, Akademischer Verlag
    Call number: AWI P6-18-91708
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XI, 334 Seiten , Illustrationen , 27 cm
    ISBN: 3827418755 (Gb.) , 9783827418753 (Gb.)
    Series Statement: Spektrum-Akademischer-Verlag-Sachbuch
    Language: German
    Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis: 1 Der 7. Kontinent - Kontinent der Superlative. - 1.1 Begrenzung und kartographische Darstellung. - 1.2 Größe der Antarktis. - 1.3 Superlative und Besonderheiten der Antarktis. - 2 Die Erforschung der Antarktis. - 2.1 Geographische Erforschung. - 2.2 Beginn der geologischen Erforschung. - 2.3 Deutsche Arbeiten in der Antarktis. - 2.4 Die Internationalen Polarjahre. - 2.5 Ziele des 4. Internationalen Polarjahres 2007/08. - 3 Logistische Herausforderungen zur Erforschung einer neuen Welt. - 3.1 Schiffslogistik. - 3.2 Schlittenzüge. - 3.3 Fluglogistik. - 3.4 Forschungsstationen. - 4 Antarktika als Teil des Superkontinentes Gondwana. - 4.1 Geologische Argumente für den Gondwana-Superkontinent. - 4.2 Trennung Antarktikas von den übrigen Gondwana-Kontinenten. - 4.3 Antarktische Platte. - 5 Ein Kontinent wächst - der geologische Bau Antarktikas. - 5.1 Die alten Kratone der Ostantarktis. - 5.2 Grenze Kraton/Faltengürtel. - 5.3 Westantarktische Faltengebirge. - 5.4 Paläozoische Diskordanzflächen - Ausdruck von Zeiten tektonischer Ruhe. - 5.5 Deckgebirge - die Beacon-Supergruppe. - 6 Ein Superkontinent zerfällt - ein Kontinent wird isoliert. - 6.1 Indiz für den Gondwana-Zerfall - der Magmatismus der Ferrar-Supergruppe 6.2 Ein Kontinent wird isoliert - die Entstehung des Südlichen Ozeans. - 7 Die Prozesse der jüngeren Erdgeschichte - Eis, Feuer und tektonische Beben. - 7.1 Die Vereisung des 7. Kontinents. - 7.2 Der junge Vulkanismus. - 7.3 Neotektonik. - 7.4 Seismizität. - 8 Mineralische Rohstoffe - Eldorado oder Sperrkonto Antarktika?. - 8.1 Schwarze Kohle vom Weißen Kontinent?. - 8.2 Eisen aus dem Eis?. - 8.3 Erdöl unter dem Eis?. - 8.4 Metallrohstoffe. - 8.5 Metallische Rohstoffe vom Meeresboden. - 8.6 Rohstoff Eis - Eisberge als Süßwasserquelle?. - 8.7 Bewertung des Rohstoff-Potenzials der Antarktis. - 8.8 Ausblick auf eine zukünftige Entwicklung. - 9 Antarktika - und seine Beziehungen zu Mond, Mars und dem Jupitermond Europa. - 9.1 Meteoriten - Zeugen aus dem All konserviert im ewigen Eis. - 9.2 Vergleiche zwischen dem Weißen Kontinent und dem Roten Planeten. - 9.3 Antarktika - Lake Vostok und der Jupitermond Europa. - 10 Leben vor dem Eis. - 10.1 Fossile Pflanzen. - 10.2 Fossile Invertebraten (Wirbellose). - 10.3 Fossile Vertebraten (Wirbeltiere). - 11 Leben mit dem Eis - extrem angepasste Lebensgemeinschaften. - 11.1 Die antarktische Flora. - 11.2 Die antarktische Fauna. - 11.3 Fremdes Leben in der Antarktis - Aliens als Gefahr!. - 12 Seen unter dem Eis. - 12.1 Neue Methoden glaziologischer Forschung. - 12.2 Überraschende Ergebnisse: Seen unter dem Eis. - 12.3 Lake Vostok - ein Glücksfall für die Wissenschaft: Neue Forschungsziele. - 12.4 Was ist bisher über Lake Vostok bekannt?. - 12.5 Weitere Entdeckungen subglazialer Seen. - 12.6 Neue Technologien zur Erforschung subglazialer Seen. - 13 Wie ewig ist das Ewige Eis?. - 13.1 Meereis im Wechsel der Jahreszeiten. - 13.2 Eisschilde: Eispanzer der Antarktis. - 13.3 Rückzug der Eisströme, Zerfall der Schelfeistafeln - wie reagieren die Eisschilde?. - 13.4 Sorgenkinder Westantarktischer Eisschild und Antarktische Halbinsel. - 13.5 Eisschelfe: Wiege der Tafeleisberge. - 13.6 Einfluss von Eisbergen auf Sedimente: Pflüge für den Meeresboden und Eistransport. - 13.7 Inlandeis: Glücksfall für Megacities am Meer. - 14 Klima im Wandel - Gefahr für Antarktika?. - 14.1 Polarregionen: Schlüsselgebiete für Klimavariationen. - 14.2 Eiszeiten - Sonderfälle in der Klimageschichte der Erde. - 14.3 Ursachen für Klimaänderungen. - 14.4 Der Mensch: Verursacher oder Leidtragender der Klimaänderung?. - 14.5 Können Selbstheilungskräfte der Natur unser Klima retten?. - 14.6 Ein Appell des IPCC an die „Policy Maker". - 14.7 Die Rolle des CO2 in der Klimadiskussion. - 15 Ein Loch im Schutzschild. - 15.1 Die Entdeckung des Ozonlochs. - 15.2 Mechanismus der Ozonausdünnung. - 15.3 Die besondere Rolle der Pole. - 15.4 Ozon - vertikale Verteilung und zeitliche Veränderung. - 15.5 Gefahren durch den fehlenden Ozon-Schutzschild. - 16 Meteorologische Extreme - von stärksten Stürmen und niedrigsten Temperaturen. - 16.1 Bewegte Luftmassen - von Luftschichtung und Windfeldern. - 16.2 Wolken und White Out. - 16.3 Diamantstaub - von Nebel und Niederschlägen. - 16.4 Temperaturen - kälter als im Kühlhaus. - 17 Politik für 60 Grad Süd. - 17.1 Antarktika - Kontinent der Forschung und des Friedens. - 17.2 Wie verwaltet man Antarktika: Gesetze für ein Niemandsland. - 17.3 Vorfahrt für Pinguine - maximaler Umweltschutz für den 7. Kontinent. - 17.4 Wie wird der Antarktisvertrag durchgesetzt und kontrolliert?. - 17.5 Das Antarktisvertragssystem und die Vereinten Nationen. - 17.6 Ausblick. Register. -
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  • 45
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Washington D.C. : National Science Foundation
    Call number: AWI P6-85-0831
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 26 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Edition: Revised July 1978
    Language: English
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  • 46
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Berlin : Verlag Neues Leben
    Call number: AWI E3-18-91879
    Description / Table of Contents: Wladimir Sarun, Globetrotter zwischen den Polen, erzählt mit viel Spaß und Spannung von seinen Erlebnissen auf den sowjetischen Antarktika-Stationen.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 333 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Basar
    Uniform Title: Novičok v Antarktike 〈dt.〉
    Language: German
    Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis: Erster Teil. - Ein Scheitel zieht den anderen nach. - Meine Vorgänger in der Erschließung von Antarktika. - Ein paar Seiten Abschied. - Der erste Tag. - Die Pläne stehen Kopf. - Wassili Sidorow opfert einen Sack Kartoffeln. - Ein Morgen im Atlantik. - "Genossen, die ihr zu Teufeln ernannt seid!". - Das Kreuz des Südens. - Montevideo. - Ein Tag mit den Wostokleuten. - Die Insel Waterloo. - Operation "Wir packen den Eisberg am Euter!". - Regeln, nach denen die Polarforscher leben. - Ein Kaleidoskop der letzten Tage. - Die letzte Versuchung. - Der Weg nach Wostok. - "Hypoxierte Elemente". - Die alte Belegschaft und das neue Jahr. - "Neue Besen kehren gut ...". - Bei einer Tasse Tee. - "Was, zum Teufel, bin ich für ein Sir ...!". - Ein schöner Tag, Timofejitsch und "Sanins Schneewehe". - Mein Beitrag zum Bau eines Häuschens. - Kaleidoskop eines Tages. - Im Bereich der materiellen Produktion. - Die Filiale vom "Klub der 12 Stühle". - Papa Simin und seine Jungens. - Die Eindrücke der letzten Tage. - Monolog Wassili Sidorows. - Zweiter Teil. - Rückkehr zur Erde. - Die Insel der Pinguine. - Was auf dem Festeis vor sich geht. - Wolosan und der südliche Polarkreis. - In Antarktika gibt es auch Sitzungen. - Trau nicht dem ersten Eindruck, Leser!. - Fragmente aus dem Leben des Expeditionsleiters. - Der "Wettergott" und seine "Apostel". - Eine Fahrt zur Moräne. - Die Gemeinschaftsmesse. - Hallo! Sie werden aus Antarktika verlangt!. - Der Chefarzt und seine Genossen. - Eingefuchste Polarfahrer Grigori Silin. - Wiktor Michailowitsch Jewgrafow. - Alexej Alexandrowitsch Sjomotschkin. - Gena und Rustam. - Der Abschiedabend. - Aller Anfang ist schwer. - Ein Drama im Eis. - Ein ausgehöhlter Eisberg, Wale und abtreibendes Festeis. - Wie man Land in Besitz nimmt. - Station Molodjoshnaja: Menschen und Überraschungen. - Wie wir auf der Kuppel "überwinterten". - Drei Novellen. - Das letzte Gespann. - Monsieur d'Afonin, oder wie ein russischer Flieger zum belgischen Adligen wurde. - Ein kleiner Seebär. - Nowolasareskaja. - Kapitän Kupri und der ungebetene Eisberg. - Waleri Fissenko im Zentrum der Aufmerksamkeit. - Die Überraschungen der Insel Waterloo. - Der Mikroiologe John und Doktor Gusarow. - Neue Bekannte an der Küste der Drakestraße. - Die Schlacht bei Waterloo oder Wie man in Antarktika Fußball spielt. - Antarktika bleibt hinterm Heck zurück. - Ein Modekurort auf dem Oberdeck. - Dieses zauberhafte, zauberhafte Rio. - Im Galopp durch Rio de Janeiro. - Das Idol der Brasilianer und der durch die Luft schreitende Christus. - Die Heimkehr des Neulings. -
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  • 47
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Hannover : Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe
    Call number: AWI G2-19-92031
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 3 Seiten, 1 Karte , einfarbig
    Language: English
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  • 48
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Hanover, NH : US Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Call number: AWI G7-19-92301
    Description / Table of Contents: The pulse radiosounding technique was used in studying Antarctic land and sea ice, their internal structures, volumes, movements, and physical properties. Electromagnetic properties of different ice types and their measurement are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 83 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Draft translation / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army 614
    Uniform Title: Radiozondirovanie lʺda 〈rus.〉
    Language: English
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  • 49
    Call number: AWI Bio-19-92456
    In: Nova Hedwigia / Beiheft, 144
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: IV, 545 Seiten , Illustrationen
    ISBN: 9783443510633
    Series Statement: Nova Hedwigia / Beiheft 141
    Language: English
    Note: Contents Preface Curriculum Vitae List of Publications by Horst Lange-Bertalot Bahls, L.: Seven new species in Navicula sensu stricto from the Northern Great Plains and Northern Rocky Mountains. Blanco, S., B. Van de Vijver, A. Vinocur, G. Mataloni, J. Goma, M. H. Novais & L. Ector: Hippodonta lange-bertalotii Van de Vijver, Mataloni & Vinocur sp. nov. and related small-celled Hippodonta taxa. Burliga, A. L. & J. P. Kociolek : Four new Eunotia Ehrenberg species (Bacillariophyceae) from pristine regions of Carajas National Forest, Amazonia, Brazil. Cantonati, M., M. Leira, N. Angeli & C. Lopez Rodriguez: Naviculadicta langebertcdotii sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta) from streams in Galicia (N-W Spain). Karthick, B., P. B. Hamilton & J. P. Kociolek: Taxonomy and biogeography of some Surirella Turpin (Bacillariophyceae) taxa from Peninsular India. Karthick, B. & Kociolek, J. P.: A new species of Pleurosigma from Western Ghats, South India. Metzeltin, D.: Eunotia langebertalotii, a new species from Lambir Hills National Park in Sarawak, tropical East Malaysia Monnier, O., L. Ector, F. Rimet, M. Ferreol & L. Hoffmann: Adlafia langebertalotii sp. nov. (Bacillariophyceae), a new diatom from the Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg morpho­logically similar to A. suchlandtii comb. nov. Morales, E. A., K. M. Manoylov & L. L. Bahls: Fragilariforma horstii sp. nov. (Ba­cillariophyceae) a new araphid species from the northern United States of America Reichardt, E.: Der Artenkomplex um Gomphonema occultum E. Reichardt & Lange-Bertalot (Bacillariophyceae): Variability und drei neue Arten Stachura-Suchoples, K.: On taxonomy of Pliocaenicus costatus species complex, varieties, demes or/and morphological variability? Trobajo, R., D. G. Mann & E. J. Cox: Studies on the type material of Nitzschia abbreviata (Bacillariophyta) Van de Vijver, B., B. Chattova, D. Metzeltin & M. Lebouvier: The genus Pinnularia (Bacillariophyta) on lie Amsterdam (TAAF, Southern Indian Ocean) Van de Vijver, B., A. Jarlman, M. de Haan & L. Ector: New and interesting diatom species (Bacillariophyceae) from Swedish rivers Williams, D. M.: Diatoma moniliforme: Commentary, relationships and an appropriate name Ake-Castillo, J. A., Y. B. Okolodkov, S. Espinosa-Matias, F. del C. Merino-Virgilio, J. A. Herrera-Silveira & L. Ector: Cyclotella marina (Tanimura, Nagumo et Kato) Ake-Castillo, Okolodkov et Ector comb, et stat. nov. (Thalassiosiraceae): a bloom-forming diatom in the southeastern Gulf of Mexico Belando, M. D., A. Marin & M. Aboal: Licmophora species from a Mediterranean hyper-saline coastal lagoon (Mar Menor, Murcia, SE Spain) Reid, G.: Toxonidea langebertalotii sp. nov. A new marine diatom from the Salvages Islands Riaux-Gobin, C., R Compere, A. Y. Al-Handal & F. Straub: SEM survey of some small-sized Planothidium (Bacillariophyta) from coral sands off Mascarenes. (Western Indian Ocean) Khursevich, G. & Kociolek, J. P.: A preliminary, worldwide inventory of the extinct, freshwater fossil diatoms from the orders Thalassiosirales, Stephanodiscales, Paraliales, Aulacoseirales, Melosirales, Coscindiscales, and Biddulphiales 315 Kulikovskiy, M. S., G. K. Khursevich & A. Witkowski: Encyonema horstii sp. nov., a species of unusual valve outline from the Pleistocene deposits of Lake Baikal Witkowski, J., D. M. Harwood & M. Kulikovskiy: Observations on Late Cretaceous ma­rine diatom resting spore genera Pseudoaulacodiscus and Archaegoniothecium gen. nov. Jasprica, N., M. Caric, F Krsinic, T. Kapetanovic, M. Batistic & J. Njire: Planktonic dia­toms and their environment in the lower Neretva River estuary (Eastern Adriatic Sea, NE Mediterranean) Solak, C. N., L. Ector, A. Z. Wojtal, E. Acs & E. A. Morales: A review of investigations on diatoms (Bacillariophyta) in Turkish inland waters Bak, M. & A. Szlauer-Lukaszewska: Bioindicative potential of diatoms and ostracods in the Odra mouth environment quality assessment Starrat, S. W.: Holocene diatom flora and climate history of Medicine Lake, Northern California, USA. Medlin, L., I. Yang & S. Sato: Evolution of the Diatoms. VII. Four gene Phylogeny as­sesses the validity of celected araphid genera Lang, I. & I. Kaczmarska: Morphological and molecular identity of diatom cells retrieved from ship ballast tanks destined for Vancouver, Canada Buczko, K.: The Pantocsek diatom and photomicrograph collectio n from 19th to 21th cen­tury
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  • 50
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Akademie der Wissenschaften der DDR, Zentralinstitut für Physik der Erde
    Call number: AWI E3-19-93097
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 50 Seiten
    Language: German
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  • 51
    Call number: AWI P6-82-0347
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: xi, 59 Seiten
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Membership of the SCAR Group of Specialists (EAMREA) Preface Preface to 1977 unpublished report of the SCAR Group of Specialists (EAMREA) 1. Introduction 1.1 Terms of reference 1.2 Environmental impact statements 2. Assessment of mineral resource potential in Antarctica 3. Present knowledge of mineral occurrences and mineral resources of Antarctica 3.1 Assessment of onshore mineral resource potential 3.2 Estimation of regional mineral potential Geological factors Logistic factors Economic factors 3.3 Commodity classification Local consumption Metallic minerals Non-metallic minerals Fossil fuels (excluding petroleum) Geothermal energy Minerals for export Non-metallic minerals and fossil fuels Metallic minerals 3.4 Probable areas of Antarctica for onshore mineral exploration and exploitation 3.5 Offshore mineral potential of Antarctica 3.6 The continental shelf of Antarctica as a source of hydrocarbons 3.7 Problems of exploration and exploitation for hydrocarbons in the southern oceans 3.8 Economic feasibility of extracting hydrocarbons 3.9 Non-fuel mineral resource potential of the southern oceans Manganese nodules Icebergs as a fresh water resource 4. Possible environmental effects 4.1 Special features of the Antarctic environment Temperatures Winds Inversion layers The southern oceans The continental shelf Ice features Beaches Pack ice Forecasting the weather 4.2 Environmental threats to exploitable living resources Economic factors Threats to economically important species Threats to survival of species Threats to special ecosystems, habitats and communities Special habitats and communities Unique sites Summary 4.3 Impacts on the environment Oil extraction Oil extraction problems Ore mining Construction effects Terrestrial installations Sea floor installations Treatment of ores and oil Beneficiation processes Local energy sources Consequences of increased human activity Introduction of biological materials Towing of icebergs 4.4 Extent of effects Spatial effects Local effects Large-scale effects Scale of environmental effects: potential inputs Scale of environmental effects: potential consequences Temporal effects Transient effects Persistent effects 4.5 Communities and systems needing special protection Soils Abiotic soils Dry soils Maritime Antarctic soils Frozen soils Lakes and streams Terrestrial vegetation Terrestrial fauna 4.6 Impacts beyond the Antarctic Climatic change from industrial activities Air borne pollution from Antarctica Water borne pollution from Antarctica 5. Further research activities 5.1 Gaps in knowledge Environment Soils Terrestrial biota Climate Meteorology Oceanography Marine biology 5.2 Research needs Biodegradability of oil Controlled oil spills Chemical effects Experimental perturbations Controlled ecosystem experiments Surveys 5.3 Special protective measures Industrial controls Improved weather forecasting Legislative controls Routine monitoring Appendices A Recommendation VIII-14 of the Eighth Antarctic Treaty Meeting B SCAR Reponse to Recommendation VIII-14, including terms of reference of the EAMREA Group of Specialists References
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  • 52
    Call number: AWI A3-20-93592
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: xxxiii, 613 Seiten , Illustrationen , 42 mm x 170 mm
    Edition: Second edition
    ISBN: 978-3-642-13918-0
    Series Statement: Springer praxis books environmental sciences
    Language: English
    Note: Contents Preface Preface to the First Edition List of figures Abbreviations 1 Historical perspective (Roland A. Madden and Paul R. Julian) 1.1 Introduction 1.2 The intraseasonal, tropospheric oscillation 1.3 The elementary 4-D structure 1.4 Other early studies of the oscillation 1.5 The oscillation in 1979 1.6 Complexity of cloud movement and structure 1.7 Seasonal variations in the oscillation 1.8 The oscillation in the zonal average 1.9 Other effects of the oscillation 1.10 Summary 1.11 References 2 South Asian monsoon (B. N. Goswami) 2.1 Introduction 2.1.1 South Asian summer monsoon and active/break cycles 2.1.2 Amplitude and temporal and spatial scales 2.1.3 Regional propagation characteristics 2.1.4 Relationship between poleward-propagating ISOs and monsoon onset 2.1.5 Relationship with the MJO 2.2 Mechanism for temporal-scale selection and propagation 2.2.1 30 to 60-day mode 2.2.2 10 to 20-day mode 2.3 Air-sea interactions 2.4 Clustering of synoptic events by ISOs 2.5 Monsoon ISOs and predictability of the seasonal mean 2.6 Aerosols and monsoon ISOs 2.7 Predictability and prediction of monsoon ISOs 2.8 Summary and discussion 2.9 Acknowledgments 2.10 Appendix 2.11 References 3 Intraseasonal variability of the atmosphere-ocean-climate system: East Asian monsoon (Huang-Hsiung Hsu) 3.1 Introduction 3.2 General characteristics of EA/WNP monsoon flow 3.3 Periodicity, seasonality, and regionality 3.4 Intraseasonal oscillation propagation tendency 3.5 Relationship with monsoon onsets and breaks 3.6 The 10 to 30-day and 30 to 60-day boreal summer ISO 3.6.1 The 30 to 60-day northward/northwestward-propagating pattern 3.6.2 The 10 to 30-day westward-propagating pattern 3.7 Relationship with tropical cyclone activity 3.8 Upscale effect of TC and synoptic systems 3.9 Final remarks 3.9.1 Close association with the EA/WNP monsoon 3.9.2 The CISO vs. interannual variability 3.9.3 Multiperiodicities and multiscale interaction 3.9.4 Others 3.10 References 4 Pan America (Kingtse C. Mo, Charles Jones, and Julia Nogues Paegle) 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Variations in the IS band 4.3 IS variability in December-March 4.3.1 EOF modes 4.3.2 The Madden Julian Oscillation 4.3.3 The submonthly oscillation 4.4 IS variability in June-September 4.4.1 EOF modes 4.4.2 Madden-Julian Oscillation 4.4.3 Submonthly oscillation 4.5 Intraseasonal modulation of hurricanes 4.6 Summary 4.7 References 5 Australasian monsoon (M. C. Wheeler and J. L. McBride) 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Seasonal cycle of background flow 5.3 Broadband intraseasonal behavior: Bursts and breaks 5.4 Broadband intraseasonal behavior: Spectral analysis 5.5 Meteorology of the bursts and breaks 5.6 Characteristics and influence of the MJO 5.7 1983/1984 and 1987/1988 case studies 5.8 MJO influence on monsoon onset 5.9 Other modes and sources of ISV 5.10 Modulation of tropical cyclones 5.11 Extratropical-tropical interaction 5.12 Prediction 5.13 Conclusions 5.14 References 6 The oceans (William S. Kessler) 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Heat fluxes 6.2.1 Salinity and the barrier layer 6.2.2 A 1-D heat balance? 6.2.3 The role of advection 6.3 Vertical structure under westerly winds 6.4 Remote signatures of wind-forced Kelvin waves 6.5 El Nino and rectification of ISV 6.6 ISV in the Indian Ocean 6.6.1 Differences between the Indian and Pacific Ocean warm pools and their consequences 6.6.2 Oscillations lasting about 60 days in the western equatorial Indian Ocean 6.6.3 Recent models of wind-forced ISV in the Indian Ocean 6.7 Other intrinsic oceanic ISV 6.7.1 Global ISV 6.7.2 Non-TISO-forced ISV in the tropical Indo-Pacific 6.7.3 ISV outside the equatorial Indo-Pacific 6.8 Conclusion 6.9 References 7 Air-sea interaction (Harry Hendori) 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Air-sea fluxes for the eastward MJO 7.3 Air-sea fluxes associated with northward propagation in the Indian summer monsoon 7.4 SST variability 7.5 Mechanisms of SST variability 7.6 SST-atmosphere feedback 7.7 Impact of slow SST variations on MJO activity 7.8 Concluding remarks 7.9 Acknowledgments 7.10 References 8 Mass, momentum, and geodynamics (Benjamin F. Chao and David A. Salstein) 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Angular momentum variations and Earth rotation 8.2.1 Length-of-day variation and axial angular momentum 8.2.2 Polar motion excitation and equatorial angular momentum 8.2.3 Angular momentum and torques 8.3 Time-variable gravity 8.4 Geocenter motion 8.5 Conclusions 8.6 Acknowledgments 8.7 References 9 El Nino Southern Oscillation connection (William K. M. Lau) 9.1 Introduction 9.2 A historical perspective 9.3 Phase 1: The embryonic stage 9.3.1 OLR time-longitude sections 9.3.2 Seasonality 9.3.3 Supercloud clusters 9.3.4 Early modeling framework 9.4 Phase 2: The exploratory stage 9.4.1 MJO and ENSO interactions 9.4.2 WWEs 9.5 Phase 3: ENSO case studies 9.5.1 El Nino of 1997/1998 9.5.2 Stochastic forcings 9.6 Phase-4: Recent development 9.6.1 A new ISO index 9.6.2 Composite events 9.6.3 The ISV-ENSO biennial rhythm 9.7 TISV and predictability 9.8 Acknowledgments 9.9 References 10 Theories (Bin Wang) 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Review of ISO theories 10.2.1 Wave CISK 10.2.2 Wind-evaporation feedback or WISHE 10.2.3 Frictional convergence instability (FCI) 10.2.4 Cloud-radiation feedback 10.2.5 Convection-water vapor feedback and the moisture mode 10.2.6 Multiscale interaction theory 10.2.7 Mechanisms of the boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation 10.2.8 Atmosphere-ocean interaction 10.3 A general theoretical framework 10.3.1 Fundamental physical processes 10.3.2 Governing equations 10.3.3 Boundary layer dynamics near the equator 10.3.4 The 1.5-layer model for the MJO 10.3.5 The 2.5-layer model including the effects of basic flows 10.4 Dynamics of the MJO 10.4.1 Low-frequency equatorial waves and the associated Ekman pumping 10.4.2 Frictional convergence instability (FCI) 10.4.3 FCI mode under nonlinear heating 10.4.4 The role of multiscale interaction (MSI) in MJO dynamics 10.5 Dynamics of boreal summer ISO 10.5.1 Effects of mean flows on the ISO 10.5.2 Mechanism of northward propagation 10.6 Role played by atmospheric-ocean interaction 10.7 Summary and discussion 10.7.1 Understanding gained from the FCI theory 10.7.2 Model limitations 10.7.3 Outstanding issues 10.8 Acknowledgments 10.9 References 11 Modeling intraseasonal variability (K. R. Sperber, J. M. Slingo, and P. M. Inness) 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Modeling the MJO in boreal winter 11.2.1 Interannual and decadal variability of the MJO 11.2.2 Sensitivity to formulation of the atmospheric model 11.2.3 Modeling the MJO as a coupled ocean-atmosphere phenomenon 11.3 Boreal summer intraseasonal variability 11.3.1 GCM simulations 11.3.2 Air-sea interaction and boreal summer intraseasonal variability 11.3.3 Modeling studies of the links between boreal summer intraseasonal and interannual variability 11.4 The impact of vertical resolution in the upper ocean 11.5 Concluding remarks 11.6 Acknowledgments 11.7 References 12 Predictability and forecasting (Duane Waliser) 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Empirical models 12.3 Dynamical forecast models 12.4 Predictability 12.5 Real time forecasts 12.6 Discussion 12.7 Appendix 12.8 Acknowledgments 12.9 References 13 Africa and West Asia (Mathew Barlow) 13.1 Overview 13.2 Summary of Africa research 13.2.1 West Africa 13.2.2 Eastern Africa 13.2.3 Southern Africa 13.3 Summary of West Asia research 13.4 Station data analysis 13.4.1 Methodology and data 13.4.2 Nairobi 13.4.3 Riyadh 13.5 Relevance of Gill-Matsuno dynamics and the role of mean wind 13.6 Summary and discussion 13.7 References 14 Tropical-extratropical interactions (Paul E. Roundy) 14.1 Introduction 14.2 A boreal winter composite of the global flow associated with the MJO 14.3 Response of the global atmosphere to heating in tropical convection 14.4 Influence of extratropical waves on tropical convection 14.5 Two-way interactions between the tropics and extratropics 14.6 MJO inf
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  • 53
    Call number: AWI Bio-21-94346
    In: Bibliotheca diatomologica, 3
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 386 Seiten
    ISBN: 3768213757
    Series Statement: Bibliotheca diatomologica 3
    Language: English
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  • 54
    Call number: AWI Bio-20-94333
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 493 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Edition: 1. Auflage
    ISBN: 3437302264 , 9783437302268
    Series Statement: Algenflora der Ostsee / Helmut Pankow 2
    Language: German
    Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis Vorwort Übersicht über das verwendete Halobiensystem Gruppenschlüssel Cyanophyta Cyanophyceae Chroococcales Chroococcaceae 1. Microcystis 2. Aphanothece 3. Chroococcus 4. Gloeothece 5. Gomphosphaeria 6. Coelosphaerium 7. Merismopedia 8. Microcrocis 9. Dactylococcopsis Nostocales Rivulariaceae 1. Gloeotrichia Scytonemataceae 1. Tolypothrix N ostocaceae 1. Nostoc 2. Aphanizomenon 3. Nodularia 4. Anabaena Pelonemataceae 1. Achroonema Oscillatoriaceae 1. Spirulina 2. Oscillatoria 3. Lyngbya Chrysophyta Chrysophyceae Chrysomonadales Chrysomonadineae Dino bryonaceae 1. Dinobryon Prymnesiaceae 1. Prymnesium Synuraceae 1. Synura 2. Microglena Chrysococcaceae 1. Chrysococcus 2. Bicoeca Ochromonadaceae 1. Ochromonas 2. Uroglena Coccolithineae Coccolithaceae 1. Gephyrocapsa 2. Discosphaera Dictyochineae (= Silicoflagellatae) Dictyochaceae 1. Dictyocha Chrysocapsales Phaeocystaceae 1. Phaeocystis Ebriales Ebriaceae 1. Ebria Xanthophyceae (= Heterokontae) Rhizochloridales Rhizochloridaceae 1. Rhizochloris Mischococcales ( = Heterococcales) Pleurochloridaceae 1. Meringosphaera Halosphaeraceae 1. Halosphaera Craspedophyceae (= farblose Flagellaten unsicherer Stellung) Craspedomonadophycideae (= Choanoflagellatae) Monosigales Monosigaceae Inhaltsverzeichnis 1. Proterospongia Diatomaphyceae Centrophycideae Coscinodiscales Coscinodiscaceae 1. Melosira 2. Paralia 3. Hyalodiscus 4. Podosira 5. Stephanopyxis 6. Sceletonema 7. Coscinosira 8. Thalassiosira 9. Cyclotella 10. Stephanodiscus 11. Coscinodiscus Actinodiscaceae 1. Actinoptychus Eupodiscaceae 1. Actinocyclus 2. Auliscus Rhizosoleniales Rhizosoleniaceae 1. Rhizosolenia 2. Guinardia 3. Lithodesmium 4. Ditylum 5. Detonula 6. Lauderia 7. Leptocylindrus Biddulphiales Chaetoceraceae 1. Chaetoceros Biddulphiaceae 1. Cerataulus 2. Attheya 3. Biddulphia Hemiaulaceae 1. Cerataulina Anaulaceae 1. Anaulus Pennatophycideae Diatomales Diatomaceae 1. Licmophora 2. Grammatophora 3. Tabellaria 4. Rhabdonema 5. Striatella 6. Hustedtiella 7. Plagiogramma 8. Diatoma 9. Thalassionema 10. Asterionella 11. Opephora 12. Synedra 13. Glyphodesmis 14. Cymatosira 15. Dimerogramma 16. Raphoneis 17. Fragilaria 18. Catenula Auriculaceae 1. Auricula Aehnanthales Achnanthaceae 1. Cocconeis 2. Achnanthes 3. Rhoicosphenia Naviculales Naviculaceae 1. Amphiprora 2. Tropidoneis 3. Mastogloia 4. Gyrosigma 5. Pleurosigma 6. Scoliotropis 7. Scoliopleura 8. Diploneis 9. Stenoneis 10. Amphipleura 11. Frustulia 12. Pinnularia 13. Trachyneis 14. Caloneis 15. Pseudoamphiprora 16. Stauroneis 17. Brebissonia 18. Anomoeoneis 19. Navicula 20. Gomphonema 21. Cymbella 22. Amphora Epithemiaceae 1. Epithemia 2. Rhopalodia Nitzschiaceae 1. Cylindrotheca 2. Bacillaria 3. Hantzschia 4. Nitzschia Surirellaceae 1. Cymatopleura 2. Surirella 3. Campylodiscus Pyrrhophyta Cryptophyceae Cryptomonadales Cryptomonadaceae 1. Chroomonas 2. Cryptomonas Desmophyceae Prorocentrales Prorocentraceae 1. Exuviella 2. Prorocentrum Dinophysiales Dinophysidaceae l, Dinophysis Dinophyceae Peridiniales Gymnodiniaceae 1. Gymnodinium 2. Amphidinium 3. Katodinium 4. Cochlodinium 5. Gyrodinium Polykrikaceae 1. Polykrikos Warnowiaceae 1. Warnowia N octilucaceae 1. Noctiluca Glenodiniaceae 1. Diplopeltopsis 2. Glenodinium Glenodiniopsidaceae 1. Hemidinium 2. Pyrophacus Pronoctilucaceae 1. Pronoctiluca Peridiniaceae 1. Minuscula 2. Peridinium 3. Heterocapsa Gonyaulacaceae 1. Gonyaulax 2. Amphidiniopsis Protoceratiaceae 1. Protoceratium Ceratiaceae 1. Ceratium Goniodomaceae 1. Goniodoma Cladopyxiaceae 1. Cladopyxis Dinococcales Dinococcaceae 1. Dissodinium Chlorophyta Chlorophyceae Pyramimonadales Pyramimonadaceae Volvocales Chlamydomonadaceae 1. Chlamydomonas 2. Carteria 3. Pachysphaera Volvocaceae 1. Gonium 2. Pandorina 3. Eudorina 4. Volvox Chlorococcales Hydrodictyaceae 1. Pediastrum Micractiniaceae 1. Golenkinia 2. Micractinium Dictyosphaeraceae 1. Dictyosphaerium 2. Botryococcus Oocystaceae 1. Chodatella 2. Lagerheimia 3. Franceia 4. Oocystis 5. Tetraedron 6. Monoraphidium 7. Ankistrodesmus 8. Schroederia Scenedesmaceae 1. Scenedesmus 2. Crucigenia 3. Tetrastrum 4. Actinastrum 5. Coelastrum Ulotrichales Ulotrichaceae 1. Binuclearia Conjugatophyceae Desmidiales Desmidiaceae 1. Cosmarium 2. Closterium 3. Staurastrum Euglenophyta Euglenophyceae Euglenales Euglenaceae 1. Colacium 2. Euglena 3. Lepocinclis 4. Phacus Eutreptiaceae 1. Eutreptia Literatur Literaturnachtrag zu Band I Tafelanhang Nachtrag zu Band I Index
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  • 55
    Call number: AWI Bio-22-94888
    In: Ecological studies, 29
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XVII, 686 Seiten , Illustrationen
    ISBN: 0-387-90325-9 , 3-540-90325-9
    Series Statement: Ecological studies 29
    Language: English
    Note: Contents Preface List of Contributors Section I. Floristics, Vegetation, and Primary Production Ia. Vascular Plants Ib. Nonvascular Plants 1. Introduction / LARRY L. TIESZEN Background Research Design and Site Selections Overview of the Barrow Ecological System References 2. Vegetation, Floristics, and Phytogeography of Northern Alaska / D. F. MURRAY Tundra Landscapes and Vegetation Floristics and Phytogeography Acknowledgments References 3. Spatial and Temporal Variation of the Vegetation and its Productivity / P. J. WEBBER Introduction and Site Overview Methods Results Discussion Summary and Conclusions Acknowledgments References 4. Seasonal Dynamics of Above- and Belowground Production of Vascular Plants at Barrow, Alaska / J. G. DENNIS , L. L. TIESZEN and M. A. VETTER Introduction Methods and Materials Results Discussion Acknowledgments References 5. Floristics, Phytogeography and Ecology of Arctic Alaskan Bryophytes / W. C. STEERE The Bryophyte Flora and its Floristic Elements Ecology and Physical Factors of the Environment Acknowledgments References 6. Composition and Bryomass of the Moss Layers of Two Wet-Tundra-Meadow Communities near Barrow, Alaska / J. R. RASTORFER Introduction Materials and Methods Results Discussion Acknowledgments References 7. The Role of Lichens in the Structure, Productivity, and Mineral Cycling of the Wet Coastal Alaskan Tundra / M. E. WILLIAMS , E. D. RUDOLPH , E. A. SCHOFIELD , and D. C. PRASHER Introduction Environmental Setting Lichen Occurrence Methods Results and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgments References 8. The Role of Algae in Tundra Soil / R. E. CAMERON , A. D. KNOX , and F. A. MORELLI Introduction Methods Results and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgments References 9. Ecto- and Endomycorrhizae of Arctic Plants at Barrow, Alaska / O. K. MILLER, JR. and G. A. LAURSEN Introduction Distribution of Ectomycorrhizae Distribution of Endomycorrhizae Distribution of Mycorrhizal Fungi Carbon, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus Conclusions and Discussion Acknowledgments References Section II. Photosynthesis, Respiration and Water Relations. IIa. Plant and Community Photosynthesis IIb. Photosynthesis and Water Relations 10. Photosynthesis in the Principal Barrow, Alaska Species: A Summary of Field and Laboratory Responses / L. L. TlESZEN Introduction Methods Results and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgments References 11. Primary Production Processes in Arctic Bryophytes at Barrow, Alaska / W. C. OECHEL and B. SVEINBJÖRNSSON Introduction Field Research Site Methods Results and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgments References 12. Meteorological Assessment of CO2 Exchange Over an Alaskan Arctic Tundra / P. I. COYNE and J. J. KELLEY Introduction Theory Experimental Procedure Data Analysis Results Contents Discussion Acknowledgments References 13. Constraints on Tundra Productivity: Photosynthetic Capacity in Relation to Solar Radiation Utilization and Water Stress in Arctic and Alpine Tundras / M. M. CALDWELL, D. A. JOHNSON and M. FAREED Introduction Methods Results and Discussion Acknowledgments References 14. Some Aspects of Water Relations of Arctic and Alpine Regions / P. C. MILLER, W. A. STONER, and J. R. EHLERINGER Introduction Conceptual Framework Methods Results Discussion and Conclusions Acknowledgments References 15. Radio-Tracer Measurement of Transpiration in Tundra Vegetation, Barrow, Alaska / J. J. KORANDA , B. CLEGG, and M. STUART Introduction Methods Results and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgments References 16. Simulation of the Effect of the Tundra Vascular Plant Canopy on the Productivity of Four Moss Species / W. A. STONER, P. C. MILLER, and W. C. OECHEL Introduction Simulation Models and Methods Results and Discussion Acknowledgments References Section III. Growth and the Allocation and Use of Mineral and Organic Nutrients IIIa. Growth and Organic Nutrient Allocation IIIb. Inorganic Nutrient Utilization, Response to Fertilization, and Nitrogen Fixation IIIc. Growth, Nutrient and Population Modeling 17. Translocation and Allocation of 14C-Photoassimilate by Dupontia fisheri / M. L. ALLESSIO and L. L. TIESZEN Introduction Materials and Methods Results Discussion Acknowledgments References 18. Growth, Turnover, and Respiration Rates of Roots and Tillers in Tundra Graminoids / W. D. BILLINGS, K. M. PETERSON, and G. R. SHAVER Introduction Methods Results Conclusions Acknowledgments References 19. The Interactions of Organic Nutrients, Soil Nitrogen, and Soil Temperature and Plant Growth and Survival in the Arctic Environment / B. H. MCCOWN Introduction Materials and Methods Results Discussion and Conclusions Acknowledgments References 20. Plant Nutrient Limitations of Tundra Plant Growth / A. ULRICH and P. L. GERSPER Introduction Methods Results and Discussion Discussion and Conclusions Acknowledgments References 21. Phosphate Uptake and Nutrient Utilization by Barrow Tundra Vegetation / F. S. CHAPIN, III Introduction Methods Results Discussion Acknowledgments References 22. Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilization on Carbohydrate and Nutrient Levels in Dupontia fisheri and Arctagrostis latifolia / J. D. MCKENDRICK, V. J. OTT , and G. A. MITCHELL Introduction Methods Results and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgments References 23. Nitrogen Fixation in Arctic and Alpine Tundra / V. ALEXANDER, M. BILLINGTON, and D. M. SCHELL Introduction Methods Results and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgments References 24. A Model of Plant Growth and Phosphorus Allocation for Dupontia fisheri in Coastal, Wet-Meadow Tundra / W. A. STONER, P. C. MILLER, and L. L. TIESZEN Introduction Description of the Model Results Discussion Acknowledgments References 25. A Model of Carbohydrate, Nitrogen, Phosphorus Allocation and Growth in Tundra Production / P. C. MILLER, W. A. STONER, L. L. TIESZEN , M. ALLESSIO, B. MCCOWN , F. S. CHAPIN, and G. SHAVER Introduction Results and Discussion Acknowledgments References 26. A Simulation Model of Population Processes of Arctic Tundra Graminoids / B. A. LAWRENCE , M. C. LEWIS , and P. C. MILLER Introduction The Model Methods of Simulations Validation Simulation Experiments Summary Acknowledgments References 27. Summary / L. L. TIESZEN Introduction Historical and Floristic Relationships Abiotic Relationships Spatial and Temporal Relationships Summary References Appendix: Checklists of Vascular Plants, Bryophytes, and Lichens for the Alaskan U.S. IBP Tundra Biome Study Areas - Barrow, Prudhoe Bay, Eagle Summit / BARBARA M. MURRAY AND DAVID F. MURRAY Introduction Checklists References Index
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  • 56
    Call number: AWI G3-22-94980
    In: Bochumer geographische Arbeiten, 35
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: XI, 211 Seiten , Illustrationen
    ISBN: 3-506-71215-2
    Series Statement: Bochumer geographische Arbeiten 35
    Language: German
    Note: Zugleich: Dissertation, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 1978 , lnhal tsverzeichnis Verzeichnis der Abbildungen Verzeichnis der tabellarischen Übersichten 1. Einleitung 1.1 Terminologische Fragen 2. Die bisherige Diskussion um die Definition des Periglaziarbegriffes 3. Einführung in die Problematik und Schwerpunkte dieser Untersuchung 3.1 Unterschiedliche Definitionsansätze 3.2 Das Problem aus geographischer Sicht 3.3 Das Problem aus palaoqeographisch-geologischer Sicht 3.4 Schwerpunkte und Arbeitsweise der weiteren Untersuchung 4. Die Einflußnahme periglaziärer Milieufaktoren im Überblick 4.1 Direkt- und indirekt-klimatische Steuerungsfaktoren 4.2 Aklimatische Steuerunqsfaktoren 5. Klimatische und geographische Bodenqefrornistypen 5.1 Dauerfrostboden mit jahreszeitlicher Auftauschicht 5.1.1 Terminologische Fragen und die räumliche Gliederung des Dauerfrostbodens 5.1.2 Die thermische Vertikalqliederung des oberflächennahen Dauerfrostbodens 5.1.3 Zur Verbreitung und klimatischen Abgrenzung des Dauerfrostbodens 5.2 Jahreszeitliche Bodengefrornis 5.3 Tageszeitliche und kurzperiodische Bodengefrornis 5.4 Kammeis 6. Analyse der Bildung, Verbreitung und Differenzierunq wichtiger rezenter Periglaziarerscheinungen und Bewertung ihrer Verwendbarkeit als Definitionskriterien des Periglaziärs 6.1 Periglaziäre Prozesse und periglaziäre Formen im engeren Sinne (Periglaziäre Mikroformung) 6.1.1 Formen der Bodenmusterung ohne Detritussortierung (Texturböden) 6.1.1.1 Kongelikontraktionsformen mit Spalteneis (Eiskeilpolygone) 6.1.1.2 Kongelikontraktionsformen ohne Spalteneis (Sandkeilpolygone) 6.1.1.3 Frostspaltenmakropolygone und Mollisolfrostkeile 6.1.1.4 Spaltenmikropolygone ('Zellenböden') 6.1.1.5 Erdbülten (Thufur) 6.1.1.6 Nichtsortierte Feinerdekreise (Mudpits) 6.1. 2 Frost- und Eishügelformen 6.1.2.1 Saisonale Frosthügel 6.1.2.2 Palsas 6.1.2.3 Pingos und pingoähnliche Formen 6.1.3 Strangmoore 6.1.4 Formen der Bodenmusterung mit Detritussortierung (Strukturböden) 6.1.5 Periglaziär-denudative Prozesse und Formen im engeren Sinne - Kleinformen der Gelisolifluktion 6.1. 5.1 Erscheinungen der amorphen Gelisolifluktion 6.1.5.2 Kleinformen der differenzierten Gelisolifluktion 6.1.5.3 Zusammenfassung und Ergebnisse 6.1.6 Blockgletscher 6.1.7 Vorgänge und Formen der Nivation und Kryoplanation 6.1.8 Dauerfrostboden-Degradation und Depergelationsformen 6.1.8.1 Depergelationsformen infolge vertikaler Dauerfrostboden-Degradation 6.1.8.2 Depergelationsformen infolge lateraler Dauerfrostboden-Degradation 6.2 Periglaziäre Prozesse und Formen im weiteren Sinne (Periglaziäre Meso- und Makroformung) 6.3 Zusammenfassung der klimageomorphologischen Leitformenwerte 7. Zur räumlichen Abgrenzung und regionalen Differenzierung der periglaziären Zone und Höhenstufe - planetarischer und hypsometrischer Wandel der periglaziären Formung 7.1 Grundlagen und Kriterienl der räumlichen Abgrenzung des Periglaziärs 7.2 Kriterien der regionalen Differenzierung des Periglaziärs 7.3 Die Abgrenzung und regionale Differenzierung der periglaziären Zone 7.3.1 Subpolar-ozeanisches Periglaziär 7.3.1.1 Subpolar-hochozeanisches Periglaziär 7.3.2 Subpolar-kontinentales Periqlaziär (subpolares Subperiglaziär) 7.3.3 Polares Periglaziär 7.3.3.1 Polares Tundrenperiglaziär 7.3.3.2 Polares Frostschuttperiglaziär 7.3.4 Hochpolares Frostschuttperiglaziär und antarktisches Periglaziär 7.3.5 Hochkontinentales Boreal-Periglaziär 7.3.6 Zusammenfassung und Ergebnisse 7.4 Abgrenzung, Untergrenzverlauf und hypsometrische Differenzierung der periglaziären Höherstufe 7.4.1 Subpolar-periglaziäre Höhenstufe 7.4.2 Mediolatitudinal-periglaziäre Höhenstufe 7.4.3 Zur Frage einer periglaziären Höhenstufe in den Sub- und Randtropen 7.4.4 Tropisch-periglaziäre Höhenstufe 7.4.5 Zusammenfassung 8. Zusammenfassung und Ergebnisse Summary Literaturverzeichnis , Zusammenfassung in deutscher und englischer Sprache
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  • 57
    Call number: AWI G6-18-91505
    Type of Medium: Dissertations
    Pages: 146 S. , Ill., graph. Darst.
    Language: English
    Note: Groningen, Univ., Diss., 1983 , CONTENTS: INTRODUCTION. - CHAPTER 1. ANALYTICAL AND PREPARATIVE TECHNIQUES. - 1.1. Introduction. - 1.2. Isotope mass spectrometry of H, O and C. - 1.2.1. 2H analysis of H2. - 1.2.2. 18O and 13C analysis of CO2. - 1.3. Preparation of H2 from H2O and organic compounds. - 1.3.1. Combustion and reduction system. - 1.3.1.1. Automated vacuum taps. - 1.3.1.2. Automated cold trap. - 1.3.1.3. Automated combustion. - 1.3.1,4, Membrane pump. - 1.3.2. Performance and results. - 1.3.2.1. H2O samples. - 1.3.2.1. Organic samples. - 1.4. Preparation of CO2 from H2O and organic compounds. - 1.4.1. Introduction. - 1.4.2. Review of the available methods for extracting oxygen. - 1.4.3. Sealed nickel tube pyrolysis. - 1.4.3.1. Principle. - 1.4.3.2. Realization. - 1.4.3.3. Technical details. - 1.4.3.4. Results and calibration. - 1.4.3.5. 18O analysis of some organic pounds 1.4.3.5. δ2H of hydrogen produced by the SNTP method. - 1.5. Preparation of carbon dioxide for 13C analysis. - 1.6. Separation of cellulose from wood and peat. - 1.6.1. Introduction. - 1.6.2. Separation of cellulose from wood. - 1.6.3. Separation of cellulose from peat. - 1.6.4 Nitration and drying of cellulose. - CHAPTER 2. 18O FRACTIONATION BETWEEN CO2 AND H2O. - 2.1. Introduction. - 2.2. 18O analysis of H2O. - 2.3. Equilibration with CO2. - 2.4. Mass spectrometric analyses. - 2.5. Results anddiscussion. - CHAPTER 3. FACTORS AFFECTING THE 2H/1H AND 18O/16O RATIO OF PLANT CELLULOSE. - 3.1. Survey of factors affecting the 2H/1H and 18O/16O ratio. - 3.2. Isotopic composition of precipitation. - 3.3. Leaf-water isotopic enrichment. - 3.3.1. Theoretical. - 3.3.2. Measurement of leaf-water enrichment. - 3.3.2.1. Trees. - 3.3.2.2. Bog plants. - 3.4. Biochemical fractionation. - CHAPTER 4. 2H, 18O AND 13C VARIATIONS IN TREE RINGS. - 4.1. Introduction. - 4.2. Methods and material. - 4.3. Results and discussion. - 4.3.1. Intra-ring variations. - 4.3.1.1. Late wood. - 4.3.1.2. Differences between early wood and late wood. - 4.3.2. Inter-ring variations. - CHAPTER 5. 2H, 18O AND 13C VARIATIONS IN PEAT. - 5.1. Introduction. - 5.2. δ2H, δ18O and δ13C values of bog plants. - 5.2.1. Material and method. - 5.2.2. δ18O and δ2H. - 5.2.3. δ13C 5.3. Engbertsdijksveen I. - 5.3. Introduction. - 5.3.2. Description of the local vegetational succession. - 5.3.3. Cellulose preparation. - 5.3.4. The δ2H and δ18O record. - 5.4. Engbertsdijksveen VII. - 5.4.1. Introduction. - 5.4.2. Description of the local vegetational succession. - 5.4.3. The δ2H and δ18O record. - 5.4.4. The δ13C record. - 5.5. Comparison between Engbertsdijksveen I and VII. - 5.6. Conclusions. - Appendix. - REFERENCES. - SUMMARY. - SAMENVATTING. - ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.
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  • 58
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Scientific Publ.
    Associated volumes
    Call number: AWI Bio-99-0079-2
    In: The Northwest European Pollen Flora, II
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: V, 265 S. , zahlr. Ill.
    ISBN: 0444418806
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS: Preface / G. C. S. Clarke and W. Punt. - 8. Solanaceae / W. Punt and M. Monna-Brands. - 9. Saxifragaceae / A. A. M. L. Verbeek-Reuvers. - 10. Boraginaceae / G. C. S. Clarke. - 11. Escalloniaceae / A. A. M. L. Verbeek-Reuvers. - 12. Grossulariaceae / A.A.M.L. Verbeek-Reuvers. - 13. Hydrangeaceae / A. A. M. L. Verbeek-Reuvers. - 14. Parnassiaceae / A. A. M. L. Verbeek-Reuvers. - 15. Plantaginaceae / G. C. S. Clarke and M. R.Jones. - 16. Valerianaceae / G. C. S. Clarke and M. R. Jones. - 17. Aceraceae / G. C. S. Clarke and M. R. Jones. - 18. Hippuridaceae / M. S. Engel. - 19. Haloragaceae / M. S. Engel. - 20. Papaveraceae / A. J. Kalis. - Index. - Errata.
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  • 59
    Call number: AWI E3-19-92032
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 7 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Language: English
    Note: Contents: 1. Introduction. - 2. Design of the existing base. - 3. Why a new concept. - 4. Considerations for a new base. - 5. Building alternatives for a floating ice shelf. - 6. Design criteria. - 7. Concept adopted. - 8. Technical data. - 9. Services. - 9.1. Electrical. - 9.2. Mechanical. - 9.3. Fire Protection. - 9.4. Toilets. - 10. Stores. - 11. External buildings. - 12. Conclusion.
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  • 60
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Hannover : Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR)
    Call number: AWI G2-19-92030
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 35 Seiten , Karten , Anlagen
    Language: German
    Note: Inhalt: Zusammenfassung. - 1. Einführung. - 2. Zum Untersuchungsgebiet. - 3. Fahrtverlauf. - 4. Zum Schiff und zum Instrumentarium. - 5. Eisverhältnisse und Wetter. - 5.1. Eisschelfe. - 5.2. Eisberge. - 5.3. Treibeis- und Packeisverbreitung. - 5.4. Wetter. - 5.5. Zum Skyceiver IV. - 6. Kommunikation mit antarktischen Stationen und anderen Schiffen. - 7. Positionsbestimmung. - 8. Zur Wassermassenzirkulation. - 9. Zur Wasserschallgeschwindigkeit. - 10. Vorläufige geophysikalische Ergebnisse. - 10.1. Diskussion der reflexionsseismischen Profile. - 10.2. Reflexionsseismik. - 10.3. Magnetik/Gravimetrie. - 11. Vorläufige regionale strukturgeologische Betrachtung. - 12. Frühere Expeditionen. - 13. Schlußwort. - Anlagen. - A) Liste der geophysikalischen Profile. - B) Liste der Sonobojen-Stationen. - C) Dichte des Meerwassers an der Oberfläche. - D) Korrekturbedürftige Koordinaten für die Insel Bouvetøya. - E) Literatur. - F) Teilnehmer. - G) Eisverhältnisse.
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  • 61
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Department of Science and Technology, Antarctic Division Australia
    Associated volumes
    Call number: AWI P2-86-0256
    In: Antarctic Telecommunications Guidance Manual, Volume 1
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: Diverse Seitenangaben (ca. 50 Seiten)
    Language: English
    Note: TABLE OF CONTENTS: Distribution List. - List of acronyms and abbreviations used. - Record of Amendments. - Foreword to 1st Edition. - Foreword to 2nd Edition. - HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENTS OF ANTARCTIC COMMUNICATIONS. - CONSIDERATION OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS BY SCAR AND ANTARCTIC TREATY CONSULTATIVE PARTIES. - OPERATION OF INDIVIDUAL NATIONS' NETWORKS. - Australia's Antarctic Communications. - Japan's Antarctic communications. - UK Antarctic communications. - US Antarctic communications. - ANTARCTIC TREATY RESOLUTIONS ON ANTARCTIC COMMUNICATIONS. - WMO RESOLUTIONS AND PRINCIPLES ON ANTARCTIC COMMUNICATIONS. - Introduction. - Engineering principles of the GTS. - Functions and responsibilities of Meteorological Telecommunications Centres. - Characteristics of the networks of the GTS. - Operational principles of the GTS. - The transmission of meteorological data an the GTS. - Collection and transmission of meteorological data. - Data processing. - Telecommunications system. - Weather reporting by traverse parties. - Automatic weather station in the Antarctic. - AIREP reports. - Mobile ship stations. - OTHER RELEVANT RECOMMENDATIONS AND RESOLUTIONS. - APPENDIXES. - APPENDIX I. - Manual an the Global Data Processing System, Regional Aspects, the Antarctic. - APPENDIX II. - Network of CLIMAT and CLIMAT TEMP reporting stations in the Antarctic. - APPENDIX III. - Results of the monitoring of Antarctic data reception carried out during the period 12-15 March 1982. - APPENDIX IV. - Existing links for the daily international exchange of meteorological data within the Antarctic. - APPENDIX V. - Principal routes by which Antarctic meteorological data enters the GTS. - APPENDIX VI. - List of Antarctic stations and the routing of their meteorological data to the GTS.
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  • 62
    Call number: AWI G9-19-92194
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 172 Seiten , Porträt
    Language: English
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  • 63
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : [Verlag nicht ermittelbar]
    Call number: AWI P6-89-0490
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 124, 5 Seiten
    Edition: Stand: 16. Oktober 1979
    Language: German
    Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis: Einleitung. - Internationale Zusammenarbeit. - Staatliche Zusammenarbeit. - Nichtstaatliche Zusammenarbeit. - I. Wissenschaftliches Programm. - 1. Astronomie. - 2. Biowissenschaften. - 2.1 Das marine Ökosystem und seine lebenden Ressourcen. - 2.1.1 Nährstoffangebot, Phytoplanktonproduktion und Zooplankton. - 2.1.2 Die Rolle des Benthos. - 2.1.3 Die Rolle der Mikroorganismen. - 2.1.4 Verbreitung und Häufigkeit der Robben im Packeis der Weddell-See. - 2.1.5 Verbreitung und Lebensgeschichte von Fischen und Tintenfischen. - 2.1.6 Großskalige Verbreitung und Verdriftung des Krill. - 2.1.7 Zusammensetzung und Verhalten von Krillschwärmen. - 2.1.8 Frischhaltung und Verarbeitung des Krill. - 2.2 Die Anpassung antarktischer Meeresorganismen an ihren Lebensraum. - 2.2.1 Experimentelle Arbeiten und Seeuntersuchungen zur Ökophysiologie des Krill. - 2.2.2 Temperaturregulation und Nahrungsbedarf bei antarktischen warmblütigen Tieren. - 2.2.3 Wachstum, Verdauung und Nahrungsausnutzung bei antarktischen Fischen. - 2.2.4 Frostschutzanpassungen von Meerestieren. - 2.2.5 Taxonomie antarktischer Meeresorganismen. - 2.3 Terrestrische Biologie in der Antarktis. - 2.3.1 Temperaturanpassungen der Brutbiologie antarktischer Vögel. - 2.3.2 Biochemische Grundlagen der Wachstumsvorgänge wechsewarmer Organismen unter sehr niedrigen Temperaturen. - 2.3.3 Nahrungsbiologie wechselwarmer Pflanzenfresser. - 2.3.4 Untersuchung der Flechten, Pilze und Bakterien in der Antarktis und auf den vorgelagerten Inseln. - 2.3.5 Photosynthese und heterotrophe Lebensweise von Pflanzen bei sehr niedrigen Temperaturen. - 2.4 Umweltschutz in der Antarktis. - 2.5 Humanbiologie und Medizin in Polargebieten. - 3. Geodäsie, Kartographie und Fernerkundung. - 3.1 Satelliten-Geodäsie. - 3.2 Geodätische Positionsbestimmung (Doppler Satellite Positioning). - 3.3 Geodätisch-kartographische Aufnahme eisfreier Gebiete. - 3.4 Fernerkundung mit Satelliten. - 4. Geologie und Geophysik. - 4.1 Studium der Driftvorgänge als Beitrag zur Erdgeschichte der Antarktis. - 4.1.1 Untersuchung magnetischer Strukturen mit aeromagnetischen Aufnahmen. - 4.1.2 Paläomagnetische Untersuchungen zur Driftgeschichte. - 4.1.3 Mikroerdbeben als Indikatoren für eine aktive Tektonik. - 4.1.4 Erdgezeiten und Eigenschwingungen der Erde. - 4.2 Untersuchungen über den Aufbau von Kruste und Mantel. - 4.2.1 Aufbau des Felsuntergrundes des transantarktischen Gebirgszuges im Bereich östlich des Filchner-Schelfeises. - 4.2.2 Aufbau des tieferen Untergrundes in der Weddell-See, dem Filchner/Ronne-Schelfeis und der Umrandung. - 4.2.3 Älteste und hochmetamorphe Gesteine der Ostantarktis. - 4.3 Stratigraphie, Tektonik und Magmatismus in den mobilen Bereichen. - 4.3.1 Mobile Randbereiche der Ostantarktis. - 4.3.2 Paläozoisches und mesozdisches Deckgebirge (Beacon-Obergruppe) im Transantarktischen Gebirge. - 4.3.3 Jungpaläozoische bis känozoische Orogene im Umkreis des Filchner/Ronne-Schelfeises. - 4.4 Studium exogener Vorgänge unter extrem kalten Bedingungen. - 4.4.1 Glazialgeologie und -geomorphologie. - 4.4.2 Verwitterung und Schuttbildung. - 4.5 Geowissenschaftliehe Meeresforschung. - 5. Glaziologie. - 5.1 Massenhaushalt und Dynamik des Filchner/Ronne-Schelfeises. - 5.2 Bestimmung der Eismächtigkeiten und ihrer zeitlichen Variation im Filchner/RonneSchelfeis-Sektor und der umrandeten Gebiete. - 5.3 Bestimmung des Aufbaus und der inneren Struktur des Filchner/Ronne-Schelfeises aus geophysikalischen Oberflächenmessungen. - 5.4 Untersuchungen zur Dynamik des Packeises im Weddell-Gyre. - 5.5 Physikalische Eigenschaften des Meereises. - 5.6 Glaziologische Bohrungen 5.7 Chemische Zusammensetzung und Akkumulationsgeschichte des antarktischen Background-Aerosol; globaler Transport von Spurengasen und Aerosolen. - 5.8 Untersuchung der elastischen und rheologischen Eigenschaften von Eis, seiner Wärmeleitfähigkeit und deformationsbedingten Textur. - 6. Hohe Atmosphäre und Extraterrestrische Physik. - 6.1 Untersuchung von Whistlern und VLF-Radioemissionen (Chorus, Hiss usw.), u.a. an konjugierten Punkten. - 6.2 Untersuchung erdmagnetischer Pulsationen an konjugierten Punkten. - 6.3 Untersuchung von Atmospherics zur genaueren Erfassung der weltweiten Gewitter-Aktivität. - 6.4 Messungen des luftelektrischen Feldes. - 6.5 Untersuchung der Ionosphäre vom Ballon aus im Licht der Mg+-Resonanzlinien. - 6.6 Messung der vertikalen Ozon-, Wasserdampf und Aerosolverteilung bis zu 30 km Höhe. - 6.7 Messungen der Emission in der infraroten 9,6 µ Ozonbande vom Boden aus. - 6.8 Weitere eventuell oder später mögliche Projekte. - 6.9 Vorschlag für eine erdmagnetische Grundausrüstung der Antarktisstation. - 6.10 Expedition zur Meteoritensuche. - 6.11 Untersuchung von Mikrometeoriten und kosmischem Staub. - 7. Meteorologie und Ozeanographie. - 7.1 Meteorologie. - 7.1.1 Atmosphärische Grenzschicht. - 7.1.2 Untersuchung der Stratosphären-Zirkulation. - 7.1.3 Langzeitmessungen von Spurengasen. - 7.1.4 Weitere Forschungsvorhaben. - 7.1.5 Wetterdienstliche Beobachtungen und Beratungen. - 7.1.6 Meteorologische Grundausüstung der Antarktisstation. - 7.2 Physikalische Ozeanographie. - 7.2.1 Bildung und Ausbreitung von Bodenwasser im atlantischen Sektor der Zirkum-Antarktischen See. - 7.2.2 Numerische Simulation der vertikalen Flüsse von Stoff, Energie und Impuls. - 7.2.3 Zeitskalen von Transportvorgängen im Tiefenwasser mit Hilfe von radioaktiven Spurenstoffen. - 7.2.4 Bestimmung von Schwermetallen im Antarktischen Ozean. - 7.2.5 Fischereiozeanographie im antarktischen Wasserring. - 7.2.6 Weitere Forschungsvorhaben. - 8. Ingenieurwissenschaften. - 8.1 Schiffstechnik. - 8.1.1 Ingenieurwissenschaftliches Meß- und Erprobungsprogramm über das Verhalten von Schiffen im Eis sowie technische Entwicklungen im Bau eisgehender Schiffe. - 8.2 Eisbergortung und Navigation. - 8.2.1 Eisbergortung. - 8.2.2 Entwicklung präziser Positionierungssysteme (auch für dynamische Positionierung), die eine ungestörte Signalübermittlung durch Eis- und Wasserschichten mit verschiedenen Dichtegehalten ermöglichen. - 8.3 Bautechnik I Einzelprojekte. - 8.4 Explorationstechniken. - 8.5 Weitere Themen.
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  • 64
    Call number: AWI G7-19-92167
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 34 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Edition: Stand: Juni 2012
    Language: German
    Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis: Vorwort. - 1. Gletscherrückgang – eine dramatische Folgereaktion des Klimawandels in den Alpen. - 2. Methoden der Gletscherforschung. - 3. Einflussfaktoren auf die Entwicklung von Gletschern in den Alpen. - 4. Bedeutung der Alpengletscher im Wasserkreislauf. - 5. Gletscher in Bayern heute – eine Bestandsaufnahme. - Nördlicher Schneeferner. - Südlicher Schneeferner. - Höllentalferner. - Watzmanngletscher. - Blaueis. - 6. Entwicklung der Gletscher in Bayern. - Historische Aufzeichnungen seit dem 18. Jahrhundert. - Systematische Erfassung der bayerischen Gletscher ab 1950. - Ausblick in die Zukunft der bayerischen Gletscher. - 7. Ein Blick nach Europa: Haben die Gletscher der Alpen eine Zukunft?. - Alpengletscher im Überblick. - Schweizer Alpengletscher. - Österreichische Alpengletscher. - Zusammenfassung. - Glossar. - Fachliteratur und Quellen. - Allgemeine Literatur zum Thema Gletscher. - Internetquellen. - Impressum.
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  • 65
    Call number: AWI G6-19-92375
    In: Berichte / Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Institut für Geowissenschaften, Nr. 9
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 278 Seiten , Illustrationen
    ISSN: 0175-9302
    Series Statement: Berichte / Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Institut für Geowissenschaften 9
    Language: German
    Note: Zugleich: Dissertation, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 1999 , INHALTSVERZEICHNIS 1. Einleitung 1.1 Kenntnisstand und offene Fragen 1.2 Fragestellung und Ziele dieser Arbeit 2. Umweltbedingungen in den Arbeitsgebieten 2.1 Hydrographie, Eisverhältnisse und NAO 2.2 Zur Variation von Wassertiefe und Breite der Dänemarkstraße und zur Vereisung Islands während des letzten Glazials 3. Methoden 3.1 Auswahl der Kernstationen 3.2 Probennahme und Analysen (Übersicht) 3.3 Zur Rekonstruktion von Paläobedingungen im Oberflächenwasser Zur Aussage stabiler Isotopenverhältnisse in planktischen Foraminiferen Zur Messung stabiler Isotopenverhältnisse Zur Massenspektrometrie Zur Rekonstruktion von Oberflächentemperaturen Alkane und Alkohole als Maß für Staubeintrag Eistranspmtiertes Material und vulkanische Aschen 3.4 Zur Rekonstruktion von Paläobedingungen im Zwischen-/ Tiefenwasser Häufigkeit von Cibicides- und anderen benthischen Arten (inkl. Taxonomie) Stabile Isotopenverhältnisse in benthischen Foraminiferen 3.5 AMS 14C-Datierungen Probenreinigung 3. 6 Hauptelementanalysen von vulkanischen Asche-Leithorizonten 3. 7 Geomagnetische Meßgrößen und magnetische Suszeptibiltät 3.8 Techniken zur Spektralanalyse 4. Methodische Ergebnisse 4.1 Zum Einfluß der Probenreinigung auf δ18O-/ δ13C-Werte 4.2 Probleme bei der langfristigen Reproduzierbarkeit von δ18O-Zeitreihen 4.3 Einfluß der Korngröße und Artendefinition planktischer Foraminiferen auf SST-Rekonstruktionen in hohen Breiten 4.4 Vergleich der stabilen Isotopenwerte von Cibicides lobatulus und Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi 5. Stratigraphische Grundlagen und Tiefenprofile der Klimasignale 5.1 Stratigraphische Korrelation zwischen parallel-gekernten GKG- und SL-/KL-Profilen 5.2 Flanktische δ18O-/ δ13C-Kurven, 14C-Alter und biostratigraphische Fixpunkte Westliches Islandbecken Kern PS2644 Kern PS2646 Kern PS2647 Kern 23351 Vøring-Plateau Kern 23071 Kern 23074 5.3 Benthische δ18O-/ δ13C-Werte in Kern PS2644 5.4 Siliziklastische Sedimentkomponenten: Eistransportiertes Material Westliches Islandbecken Kern PS2644 Kern PS2646 Kern PS2647 Vøring-Plateau Kern 23071 Kern 23074 5.5 Vulkanische Glasscherben in Kern PS2644: Wind- und Eiseintrag 5.6 Geochemie und Alter einzelner Tephralagen als Leithorizonte Westliches Islandbecken Kern PS2644 Kern PS2646 Kern PS2647 Vøring-Plateau Kern 23071 Kern 23074 5.7 Magnetische Suszeptibilität in den Kernen PS2644, PS2646 und PS2647 Kern PS2644 Kern PS2646 und PS2647 5.8 Geomagnetische Feldintensität und Richtungsänderungen in Kern PS2644 5.9 Variation von Planktonfauna und -flora Westliches Islandbecken: Kern PS2644 Kern PS2646 und PS2647 Vøring-Plateau: Kern 23071 und 23074 5.10 Benthische Foraminiferen in Kern PS2644 6. Entwicklung von Temperatur und Salzgehalt nördlich der Dänemark-Straße 6.1 Variation der Oberflächentemperatur nach Planktonforaminiferen 6.2 Variation der Oberflächentemperatur nach Uk37 6.3 Variation der Oberflächensalinität 7. Die Feinstratigraphie von Kern PS2644 als Basis für eine Eichung der 14C-Altersskala 22 - 55 ka 7.1 Korrelation zwischen den Klimasignalen in Kern PS2644 und der GISP2-Klimakurve zum Kalibrieren der 14C-Alter und Erstellen eines Altersmodells Tephrachronologische Marker Korrelationsparameter und -regeln Sonderfälle/ Probleme bei der Korrelation 7.2 Alters-stratigraphische Korrelation der Klimakurven von Kern 23071 und 23074 7.3 Variation der Altersanomalien zwischen 20 und 55 14C-ka 7.4 Variabilität des planktischen 14C-Reservoiralters in Schmelzwasserbeeinflußten Seegebieten Variation der planktischen 14C-Alter unmittelbar an der Basis von Heinrich-Ereignis 4 Unterschiede zwischen planktischen und benthischen 14C-Altern in der westlichen Islandsee. Zur Erklärung der inversen Altersdifferenzen 7.5 Differenz zwischen 14C- und Kalenderalter: Zeitliche Variation unter Einfluß des Erdmagnetfeldes - Modell und Befund 7.6 Sedimentationsraten der Kerne 23071, 23074 und PS2644 nach dem GISP2-Altersmodell Vøring-Plateau: Kerne 23071 und 23074 Südwest-Islandsee: Kern PS2644 8. Klimaoszillationen im Europäischen Nordmeer in der Zeit und Frequenzdomäne 8.1 "Der Einzelzyklus" in den Klimakurven von Kern PS2644 8.2 Zur Veränderlichkeit der Warm- und Kaltextreme sowie Zyklenlänge Besonderheiten in der Zyklenlänge Variation der Kalt-(Stadiale) Variation der Interstadiale 8.3 Periodizitäten der Klimasignale im Frequenzband der D.-Oe.-Zyklen. Der D.-Oe.-Zyklus von 1470 J., seine Multiplen und harmonischen Schwingungen Weitere Frequenzen: 1000-1150 Jahre- und 490- 510 Jahre-Zyklizitäten Höhere Frequenzen im Bereich von Jahrhunderten und Dekaden 8.4 Phasenbeziehungen und (örtliche) Steuemngsmechanismen der Dansgaard-Oeschger-Zyklen 9. Schlußfolgerungen Danksagung Literaturverzeichnis Anhang
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  • 66
    Call number: AWI A2-24-95687
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 97 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Edition: 2nd edition
    ISBN: 9782880853051 , 978-2-940443-00-0
    Language: English
    Note: Contents Executive summary Overview Arctic climate change Key findings of this assessment 1. Atmospheric circulation feedbacks 2. Ocean circulation feedbacks 3. Ice sheets and sea-level rise feedbacks 4. Marine carbon cycle feedbacks 5. Land carbon cycle feedbacks 6. Methane hydrate feedbacks Author team
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  • 67
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Boulder, Colo. : The Geological Society of America
    Associated volumes
    Call number: AWI G2-17-91266
    In: Memoir / The Geological Society of America, 145
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: X, 464 S , graph. Darst., Kt , 1 Kt.-Beil., 3 Mikrofiches
    ISBN: 0813711452
    Series Statement: Memoir / The Geological Society of America 145
    Language: English
    Note: Contents: Preface. - ATLANTIC. - New transfer function for estimating past sea-surface conditions from sea-bed distribution of planktonic foraminiferal assemblages in the North Atlantic / Nilva G. Kipp. - Glacial North Atlantic 18,000 years ago: a CLIMAP reconstruction / Andrew Mclntyre and Nilva G. Kipp with Allen W. H. Bé, Thomas Crowley, Thomas Kellogg, James V. Gardner, Warren Prell, and William F. Ruddiman. - Late Quaternary climatic changes: Evidence from deep-sea cores of Norwegian and Greenland Seas / Thomas B. Kellogg. - Northeast Atlantic paleoclimatic changes over the past 600,000 years / W. F. Ruddiman and A. Mclntyre. - O18 record of the Atlantic Ocean for the entire Pleistocene Epoch / Jan van Donk. - Late Quaternary climatic record in western equatorial Atlantic sediment / Allan W. H. Bé, John E. Damuth, Leroy Lott, and Rosemary Free. - Late Pleistocene faunal and temperature patterns of the Colombia Basin, Caribbean Sea / Warren L. Prell and James D. Hays. - Responses of sea-surface temperature and circulation to global climatic change during the past 200,000 years in the eastern equatorial Atlantic Ocean / James V. Gardner and James D. Hays. - Equatorial Atlantic and Caribbean foraminiferal assemblages, temperatures, and circulation: Interglacial and glacial comparisons / Warren L. Prell, James V. Gardner, Allan W. H. Bé, and James D. Hays. - Corresponding patterns of contemporary pollen and vegetation in central North America / T. Webb III and J. H. McAndrews. - ANTARCTIC. - Relationship of radiolarian assemblages to sediment types and physical oceanography in the Atlantic and western Indian Ocean sectors of the Antarctic Ocean / Jose A. Lozano and James D. Hays. - Reconstruction of the Atlantic and western Indian Ocean sectors of the 18,000 B.P. Antarctic Ocean / James D. Hays, Jose A. Lozano, Nicholas Shackleton, and Grace Irving. - PACIFIC. - Late Quaternary sediment of the Panama Basin: Sedimentation rates, periodicities, and controls of carbonate and opal accumulation / Nicklas G. Pisias. - Late Quaternary accumulation rates of opal, quartz, organic carbon, and calcium carbonate in the Cascadia Basin area, northeast Pacific / G. Ross Heath, Ted C. Moore, Jr., and J. Paul Dauphin. - Glacial advance in the Gulf of Alaska area implied by ice-rafted material / Roland von Huene, Jim Crouch, and Edwin Larson. - Modern Pacific coccolith assemblages: Derivation and application to late Pleistocene paleotemperature analysis / Kurt R. Geitzenauer, Michael B. Roche, and Andrew Mclntyre. - Oxygen-isotope and paleomagnetic stratigraphy of Pacific core V28-239 late Pliocene to latest Pleistocene / N. J. Shackleton and N. D. Opdyke.
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  • 68
    Call number: AWI G6-18-91722
    Type of Medium: Dissertations
    Pages: 79 S. , Ill., graph. Darst.
    Language: German
    Note: Karlsruhe, Univ., Diss., 1977 , INHALTSVERZEICHNIS: I. EINLEITUNG. - II. THEORETISCHER HINTERGRUND. - II.1. Allgemeines und Definition. - II.2. Theorie der Isotopeneffekte. - III. AUSWAHL UND BESCHREIBUNG DER SYSTEME. - III.1. Das System Blei - Schwefel. - III.2. Das System Silber - Schwefel. - III.3. Das System Kupfer - Schwefel. - IV. SYNTHETISIERUNG DER SULFIDE. - IV.1. Wahl der Methode. - IV.2. Herstellung der Reaktionsröhrchen. - IV.3. Reaktionsöfen: Beschreibung, Temperatursteuerung und Messung. - IV. 4. DurchfUhrung der Experimente 16 V. TRENNUNG UND IDENTIFIZIERUNG DER PHASEN, MESSUNG DER ISOTOPENVERHÄLTNISSE. - V.1. Trennung der Phasen. - V.2. Identifizierung der Phasen. - V.2.1. Herstellung der Erzanschliffe. - V.2.2. Erzmikroskopische Untersuchungen. - V.2.3. Röntgenographische Untersuchungen. - V.3. Messung der Isotopenverhältnisse. - V.3.1. Präparation des Meßgases. - V.3.2. Messung der Isotopenverhältnisse. - VI. VERSUCHSBESCHREIBUNG UND ERGEBNISSE. - VI.1. Das System Blei - Schwefel. - VI.1.1. Versuchstemperatur 280°C. - VI.1.2. Versuchstemperatur 410°C. - VI.1.3. Versuchstemperatur 500°C. - VI.1.4. Versuchstemperatur 600°C. - VI.1.5. Versuchstemperatur 700°C. - VI.1.6. Temneraturabhängigkeit der Schwefelisotopenfraktionierung im System Pb - S. - VI.2. Das System Kupfer - Schwefel. - VI.2.1. Versuchstemperatur 280°C. - VI.2.2. Versuchstemperatur 410°C. - VI.2.3. Versuchstemneratur 490°C. - VI.2.4. Versuchstemperatur 510°C. - VI.2.5. Versuchstemperatur 530°C. - VI.2.6. Versuchstemperaturen 600°C und 630°C. - VI.2.7. Versuchstemperatur 700°C. - VI.2.8. Temperaturabhängigkeit der Schwefelisotopenfraktionierung im System Cu - S. - VI.3. Das System Silber - Schwefel. - VI.3.1. Versuchstemperatur 280°C. - VI.3.2. Versuchstemperatur 410°C. - VI.3.3. Versuchstemneratur 500°C. - VI.3.4. Versuchstemperatur 600°C. - VI.3.5. Versuchstemneratur 630°C. - VI.3.6. Versuchstemueratur 700°C VI.3.7. Temperaturabhängigkeit der Schwefelisotopenfraktionierung im System Ag - S. - VI. 4. Das Schwefelisotopenthermometer der Sulfide Bleiglanz - Covellin - Digenit (Chalkosin)Argentit. - VII DISKUSSION DER ERGEBNISSE. - VII. 1. Stellung im Vergleich mit anderen experimentellen Arbeiten. - VII. 2. Stellung der Ergebnisse im theoretischen Rahmen. - VII. 3. Bildungstemperaturbestimmung von Erzlagerstätten mit Hilfe des Schwefelisotopenthermometers. - VIII. SCHLUßFOLGERUNGEN. - IX. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG. - X. LITERATURVERZEICHNIS. - XI. ANHANG. - Bildtafeln der erzmikroskopischen Aufnahmen.
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  • 69
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Berlin : Springer
    Associated volumes
    Call number: AWI S4-19-91819
    In: Texts in computational science and engineering, 3
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XXIV, 750 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Edition: third edition, corrected 2nd printing 2009
    ISBN: 3540739157 , 9783540739159 , 9783540739166 (electronic)
    Series Statement: Texts in computational science and engineering 3
    Language: English
    Note: Table of Contents 1 Introduction 1.1 Scripting versus Traditional Programming 1.1.1 Why Scripting is Useful in Computational Science 1.1.2 Classification of Programming Languages 1.1.3 Productive Pairs of Programming Languages 1.1.4 Gluing Existing Applications 1.1.5 Scripting Yields Shorter Code 1.1.6 Efficiency 1.1.7 Type-Specification (Declaration) of Variables 1.1.8 Flexible Function Interfaces 1.1.9 Interactive Computing 1.1.10 Creating Code at Run Time 1.1.11 Nested Heterogeneous Data Structures 1.1.12 GUI Programming 1.1.13 Mixed Language Programming 1.1.14 When to Choose a Dynamically Typed Language 1.1.15 Why Python? 1.1.16 Script or Program? 1.2 Preparations for Working with This Book 2 Getting Started with Python Scripting 2.1 A Scientific Hello World Script 2.1.1 Executing Python Scripts 2.1.2 Dissection of the Scientific Hello World Script 2.2 Working with Files and Data 2.2.1 Problem Specification 2.2.2 The Complete Code 2.2.3 Dissection 2.2.4 Working with Files in Memory 2.2.5 Array Computing 2.2.6 Interactive Computing and Debugging 2. 2.7 Efficiency Measurements 2.2.8 Exercises 2.3 Gluing Stand-Alone Applications 2.3.1 The Simulation Code 2.3.2 Using Gnuplot to Visualize Curves 2.3.3 Functionality of the Script 2.3.4 The Complete Code 2.3.5 Dissection 2.3.6 Exercises 2.4 Conducting Numerical Experiments 2.4.1 Wrapping a Loop Around Another Script 2.4.2 Generating an HTML Report 2.4.3 Making Animations 2.4.4 Varying Any Parameter 2.5 File Format Conversion 2.5.1 A Simple Read/Write Script 2.5.2 Storing Data in Dictionaries and Lists 2.5.3 Making a Module with Functions 2.5.4 Exercises 3 Basic Python 3.1 Introductory Topics 3.1.1 Recommended Python Documentation 3.1.2 Control Statements 3.1.3 Running Applications 3.1.4 File Reading and Writing 3.1.5 Output Formatting 3.2 Variables of Different Types 3.2.1 Boolean Types 3.2.2 The None Variable 3.2.3 Numbers and Numerical Expressions 3.2.4 Lists and Tuples 3.2.5 Dictionaries 3.2.6 Splitting and Joining Text 3.2.7 String Operations 3.2.8 Text Processing 3.2.9 The Basics of a Python Class 3.2.10 Copy and Assignment 3.2.11 Determining a Variable's Type 3.2.12 Exercises 3.3 Functions 3.3.1 Keyword Arguments 3.3.2 Doc Strings 3.3.3 Variable Number of Arguments 3.3.4 Call by Reference 3.3.5 Treatment of Input and Output Arguments 3.3.6 Function Objects 3.4 Working with Files and Directories 3.4.1 Listing Files in a Directory 3.4.2 Testing File Types 3.4.3 Removing Files and Directories 3.4.4 Copying and Renaming Files 3.4.5 Splitting Pathnames 3.4.6 Creating and Moving to Directories 3.4.7 Traversing Directory Trees 3.4.8 Exercises 4 Numerical Computing in Python 4.1 A Quick NumPy Primer 4.1.1 Creating Arrays 4.1.2 Array Indexing 4.1.3 Loops over Arrays 4.1.4 Array Computations 4.1.5 More Array Functionality 4.1.6 Type Testing 4.1.7 Matrix Objects 4.1.8 Exercises 4.2 Vectorized Algorithms 4.2.1 From Scalar to Array in Function Arguments 4.2.2 Slicing 4.2.3 Exercises 4.3 More Advanced Array Computing 4.3.1 Random Numbers 4.3.2 Linear Algebra 4.3.3 Plotting 4.3.4 Example: Curve Fitting 4.3.5 Arrays on Structured Grids 4.3.6 File I/O with NumPy Arrays 4.3.7 Functionality in the Numpyutils Module 4.3.8 Exercises 4.4 Other Tools for Numerical Computations 4.4.1 The ScientificPython Package 4.4.2 The SciPy Package 4.4.3 The Python- Matlab Interface 3 4.4.4 Symbolic Computing in Python 4.4.5 Some Useful Python Modules 5 Combining Python with Fortran, C, and C++ 5.1 About Mixed Language Programming 5.1.1 Applications of Mixed Language Programming 5.1.2 Calling C from Python 5.1.3 Automatic Generation of Wrapper Code 5.2 Scientific Hello World Examples 5.2.1 Combining Python and Fortran 5.2.2 Combining Python and C 5.2.3 Combining Python and C++ Functions 5.2.4 Combining Python and C++ Classes 5.2.5 Exercises 5.3 A Simple Computational Steering Example 5.3.1 Modified Time Loop for Repeated Simulations 5.3.2 Creating a P ython Interface 5.3.3 The Steering Python Script 5.3.4 Equipping the Steering Script with a GUI 5.4 Scripting Interfaces to Large Libraries 6 Introduction to GUI Programming 6.1 Scientific Hello World GUI 6.1.1 Introductory Topics 6.1.2 The First Python/Tkinter Encounter 6.1.3 Binding Events 6.1.4 Changing the Layout 6.1.5 The Final Scientific Hello World GUI 6.1.6 An Alternative to Tkinter Variables 6.1.7 About the Pack Command 6.1.8 An Introduction to the Grid Geometry Manager 6.1.9 Implementing a GUI as a Class 6.1.10 A Simple Graphical Function Evaluator 6.1.11 Exercises 6.2 Adding GUis to Scripts 6.2.1 A Simulation and Visualization Script with a GUI 6.2.2 Improving the Layout 6.2.3 Exercises 6.3 A List of Common Widget Operations 6.3.1 Frame 6.3.2 Label 6.3.3 Button 6.3.4 Text Entry 6.3.5 Balloon Help 6.3.6 Option Menu 6.3.7 Slider 6.3.8 Check Button 6.3.9 Making a Simple Megawidget 6.3.10 Menu Bar 6.3.11 List Data 6.3.12 Listbox 6.3.13 Radio Button 6.3.14 Combo Box 6.3.15 Message Box 6.3.16 User-Defined Dialogs 6.3.17 Color-Picker Dialogs 6.3.18 File Selection Dialogs 6.3.19 Toplevel 6.3.20 Some Other Types of Widgets 6.3.21 Adapting Widgets to the User's Resize Actions 6.3.22 Customizing Fonts and Colors 6.3.23 Widget Overview 6.3.24 Exercises 7 Web Interfaces and CGI Programming 7.1 Introductory CGI Scripts 7.1.1 Web Forms and CGI Scripts 7.1.2 Generating Forms in CGI Scripts 7.1.3 Debugging CGI Scripts 7.1.4 A General Shell Script Wrapper for CGI Scripts 7.1.5 Security Issues 7.2 Adding Web Interfaces to Scripts 7.2.1 A Class for Form Parameters 7.2.2 Calling Other Programs 7.2.3 Running Simulations 7.2.4 Getting a CGI Script to Work 7.2.5 Using Web Applications from Scripts 7.2.6 Exercises 8 Advanced Python 8.1 Miscellaneous Topics 8.1.1 Parsing Command-Line Arguments 8.1.2 Platform-Dependent Operations 8.1.3 Run-Time Generation of Code 8.1.4 Exercises 8.2 Regular Expressions and Text Processing 8.2.1 Motivation 8.2.2 Special Characters 8.2.3 Regular Expressions for Real Numbers 8.2.4 Using Groups to Extract Parts of a Text 8.2.5 Extracting Interval Limits 8.2.6 Extracting Multiple Matches 8.2.7 Splitting Text 8.2.8 Pattern-Matching Modifiers 8.2.9 Substitution and Backreferences 8.2.10 Example: Swapping Arguments in Function Calls 8.2.11 A General Substitution Script 8.2.12 Debugging Regular Expressions 8.2.13 Exercises 8.3 Tools for Handling Data in Files 8.3.1 Writing and Reading Python Data Structures 8.3.2 Pickling Objects 8.3.3 Shelving Objects 8.3.4 Writing and Reading Zip and Tar Archive Files 8.3.5 Downloading Internet Files 8.3.6 Binary Input/Output 8.3.7 Exercises 8.4 A Database for NumPy Arrays 8.4.1 The Structure of the Database 8.4.2 Pickling 8.4.3 Formatted ASCII Storage 8.4.4 Shelving 8.4.5 Comparing the Various Techniques 8.5 Scripts Involving Local and Remote Hosts 8.5.1 Secure Shell Commands 8.5.2 Distributed Simulation and Visualization 8.5.3 Client/Server Programming 8.5.4 Threads 8.6 Classes 8.6.1 Class Programming 8.6.2 Checking the Class Type 8.6.3 Private Data 8.6.4 Static Data 8.6.5 Special Attributes 8.6.6 Special Methods 8.6.7 Multiple Inheritance 8.6.8 Using a Class as a C-like Structure 8.6.9 Attribute Access via String Names 8.6.10 New-Style Classes 8.6.11 Implementing Get/Set Functions via Properties 8.6.12 Subclassing Built-in Types 8.6.13 Building Class Interfaces at Run Time 8.6.14 Building Flexible Class Interfaces 8.6.15 Exercises 8.7 Scope of Variables 8.7.1 Global, Local, and Class Variables 8.7.2 Nested Functions 8.7.3 Dictionaries of Variables in Namespaces 8.8 Exceptions 8.8.1 Handling Exceptions 8.8.2 Raising Exceptions 8.9 Iterators 8.9.1 Constructing an Iterator 8.9.2 A Pointwise Grid Iterator 8.9.3 A Vectorized Grid Iterator 8.9.4 Generators 8.
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  • 70
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Columbus, Ohio : Institute of Polar Studies, The Ohio State University
    Associated volumes
    Call number: AWI G7-19-92159
    In: Report / Institute of Polar Studies, No. 64
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: XVII, 148 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Report / Institute of Polar Studies 64
    Language: English
    Note: TABLE OF CONTENTS: Abstract. - Acknowledgments. - List of Figures. - List of Plates. - List of Tables. - Value of Microparticle Studies. - Reasons for Variations in Particle Concentration. - Laboratory Techniques. - Particle Concentration and Size Distribution. - Sample Preparation. - Contamination. - Particle Counters. - Laboratory Procedures. - Particle Composition. - Sample Preparation. - Types of Particles and Their Seasonal Variation. - Particle Types. - Variations of Particle Concentrations. - Antarctic Peninsula. - Marie Byrd Land. - Quelccaya Ice Cap, Peru. - Annual Layers in Deep Ice Cores. - Chronologies for the Byrd and Camp Century Deep Ice Cores. - The Byrd Station Deep Ice Core. - Age Calculation. - Discussion. - The Camp Century Deep Ice Core. - Vertical Strain Rates. - Age Calculation. - Discussion. - Morphology and Elemental Composition of Microparticles. - Data Analysis. - Results. - Discussion. - The Relationships Among Dust, Oxygen Isotopes and Climate. - Microparticle Variations Over Millennial Time Invervals. - Dust, Oxygen Isotopes and Climate. - Discussion. - Is There A Relationship Between Volcanic Activity and Climatic Change?. - General. - Theory. - Supportive Evidence. - Cycles. - Discussion. - Suggestions for Future Work. - Conclusions. - References. - Appendix A. - Appendix B. - Appendix C. - Appendix D.
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  • 71
    Call number: AWI A3-20-93434-2
    In: Meteorologische Abhandlungen / Institut für Meteorologie und Geophysik der Freien Universität Berlin, Band XXXII, Heft 2
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 218 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Meteorologische Abhandlungen / Institut für Meteorologie und Geophysik der Freien Universität Berlin 32,2
    Language: German
    Note: Zugleich: Dissertation, Freie Unversität Berlin, [ca. 1963] , INHALTSVERZEICHNIS PROBLEMSTELLUNG UND ZIELSETZUNG 1. BEMERKUNGEN ZUM BEOBACHTUNGSGELÄNDE UND ZUM BEOBACHTUNGSMATERIAL 1.1 Das Beobachtungsgelände 1.2 Das Beobachtungsmaterial 2. HOMOGENITÄTSBETRACHTUNGEN 2.1 Temperatur 2.2 Niederschlag 2.3 Wind 2.4 Sonnenschein und Bewölkung 3. TEMPERATURVERHÄLTNISSE 3.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 3.2 Tageswerte 3.3 Pentadenwerte 3.4 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 3.5 Interdiurne Veränderlichkeit 3.6 Der tägliche Gang 3.7 Vorkommen bestimmter Schwellenwerte 3.71 Frost- und Eistage 3.72 Sommer- und Tropentage 4. DER WASSERGEHALT DER LUFT 4.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 4.2 Tageswerte 4.3 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 4.4 Interdiurne Veränderlichkeit 4.5 Der tägliche Gang 5. BEWÖLKUNGSVERHÄLTNISSE 5.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 5.2 Tageswerte 5.3 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 5.4 Der tägliche Gang 5.5 Heitere und trübe Tage 5.6 Nebel 6. SONNENSCHEIN 6.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 6.2 Tageswerte 6.3 Der tägliche Gang 7. NIEDERSCHLAGSVERHÄLTNISSE 7.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 7.2 Niederschlagsbereitschaft 7.3 Tageswerte 7.4 Der tägliche Gang 7.5 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 7.6 Niederschlags- und Trockenperioden 7.7 Niederschlag und Wind· 7.8 Schneeverhältnisse 7.81 Schneefall und Schneedecke 7.82 Schneehöhe 7.9 Gewitter 8. WINDVERHÄLTNISSE 8.1 Windrichtung 8.2 Windgeschwindigkeit 8.21 Der jährliche Gang 8.22 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 8.23 Sturmtage und Windstillen 8.24 Der tägliche Gang 9.ZUSAMMENFASSUNG VERZEICHNIS DER TEXTTABELLEN VERZEICHNIS DER ABBILDUNGEN LITERATURVERZEICHNIS TABELLENANHANG
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  • 72
    Call number: AWI A3-20-93434
    In: Meteorologische Abhandlungen / Institut für Meteorologie und Geophysik der Freien Universität Berlin, Band XXXII, Heft 1
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 121 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Meteorologische Abhandlungen / Institut für Meteorologie und Geophysik der Freien Universität Berlin 32,1
    Language: German
    Note: Zugleich: Dissertation, Freie Unversität Berlin, [ca. 1963] , INHALTSVERZEICHNIS PROBLEMSTELLUNG UND ZIELSETZUNG 1. BEMERKUNGEN ZUM BEOBACHTUNGSGELÄNDE UND ZUM BEOBACHTUNGSMATERIAL 1.1 Das Beobachtungsgelände 1.2 Das Beobachtungsmaterial 2. HOMOGENITÄTSBETRACHTUNGEN 2.1 Temperatur 2.2 Niederschlag 2.3 Wind 2.4 Sonnenschein und Bewölkung 3. TEMPERATURVERHÄLTNISSE 3.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 3.2 Tageswerte 3.3 Pentadenwerte 3.4 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 3.5 Interdiurne Veränderlichkeit 3.6 Der tägliche Gang 3.7 Vorkommen bestimmter Schwellenwerte 3.71 Frost- und Eistage 3.72 Sommer- und Tropentage 4. DER WASSERGEHALT DER LUFT 4.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 4.2 Tageswerte 4.3 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 4.4 Interdiurne Veränderlichkeit 4.5 Der tägliche Gang 5. BEWÖLKUNGSVERHÄLTNISSE 5.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 5.2 Tageswerte 5.3 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 5.4 Der tägliche Gang 5.5 Heitere und trübe Tage 5.6 Nebel 6. SONNENSCHEIN 6.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 6.2 Tageswerte 6.3 Der tägliche Gang 7. NIEDERSCHLAGSVERHÄLTNISSE 7.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 7.2 Niederschlagsbereitschaft 7.3 Tageswerte 7.4 Der tägliche Gang 7.5 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 7.6 Niederschlags- und Trockenperioden 7.7 Niederschlag und Wind· 7.8 Schneeverhältnisse 7.81 Schneefall und Schneedecke 7.82 Schneehöhe 7.9 Gewitter 8. WINDVERHÄLTNISSE 8.1 Windrichtung 8.2 Windgeschwindigkeit 8.21 Der jährliche Gang 8.22 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 8.23 Sturmtage und Windstillen 8.24 Der tägliche Gang 9.ZUSAMMENFASSUNG VERZEICHNIS DER TEXTTABELLEN VERZEICHNIS DER ABBILDUNGEN LITERATURVERZEICHNIS TABELLENANHANG
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  • 73
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Fairbanks, Alaska : Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, Dept. of Natural Resources, State of Alaska
    Call number: AWI G3-22-94974
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: x, 230 Seiten , Illustrationen , 28 cm
    Series Statement: Guidebook / Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, Department of Natural Resources, State of Alaska 4
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Introduction History and development along the Elliott and Dalton Highways Elliott Highway Hickel Highway Dalton Highway Trans-Alaska Pipeline System Climate Temperature Precipitation Physiography Permafrost and ground ice Hydrology Icings Pingos Geology Bedrock geology Glacial geology of the Brooks Range Vegetation Bottomland spruce-poplar forest Upland spruce-hardwood forest Lowland spruce-hardwood forest High shrub Low shrub bogs Moist tundra Wet tundra Alpine tundra Disturbance patterns Flora Soils Road log Introduction Fox Fox - Livengood Livengood Livengood - Yukon River Yukon River region and crossing Yukon River - Atigun Pass Cirque glaciation and processes in the Atigun Pass area Slushflow activity in the Atigun Pass area Atigun Valley - Prudhoe Bay The Prudhoe Bay region Oil-field development Geology Geomorphology. soils, and vegetation Selected references Appendix A - Soil taxonomy Appendix B - List of plants
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  • 74
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Cambridge [u.a.] : Cambridge Univ. Press
    Call number: AWI S6-14-0059 ; 2/N 14.0263
    Description / Table of Contents: "This is a hands-on guide for graduate students and other young researchers wishing to perfect the practical skills that are needed for a successful career in research. By teaching junior scientists to develop effective research habits, the book helps make the experience of graduate study a more efficient, effective and rewarding one. Many graduate students learn these skills "on the job", often by doing them poorly at first, with the result that much valuable time can be lost; this book will help prevent that. The authors have taught a graduate course on the topics covered in this book for many years, and provide a sample curriculum for instructors in graduate schools who wish to teach a similar course. ... The wealth of advice offered in this book is invaluable to students, junior researchers and their mentors in all fields of science, engineering and the humanities."
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: X, 286 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
    Edition: 1. publ. 2009, 5th print. 2013
    ISBN: 9780521743525
    Classification:
    E.7.
    Language: English
    Note: Contents: 1 Introduction. - 2 What is science?. - 3 Choices, choices, choices. - 4 The adviser and thesis committee. - 5 Questions drive research. - 6 Giving direction to our work. - 7 Turning challenges into opportunities. - 8 Ethics of research. - 9 Using the scientific literature. - 10 Communication. - 11 Publishing a paper. - 12 Time management. - 13 Writing proposals. - 14 The scientific career. - 15 Applying for a job. - 16 Concluding remarks. - Appendix A. Futher reading. - Appendix B. A sample curriculum. - Appendix C. The Refer and BibTeX format. - References. - About the authors. - Index.
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  • 75
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Kielce : Scandinavium
    Call number: AWI P5-15-0010
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 214 S. : graph. Darst.
    Edition: 1. ed.
    ISBN: 9788389714374
    Language: English
    Note: Contents: Introduction. - List of abbreviations. - 1. Balance of energy as a contemporary challenge. - 1.1. Energy resources and needs. - 1.2. Natural gas balance at the beginning of 21st century. - 1.3. Economic and political conditions at the European gas market. - 1.4. European Union facing the problem of energy supplies. - 2. Energy security - Norden - Basic issues. - 2.1. Subject and scope of national energy security. - 2.2. Nordic countries in international life. - 2.3. Norden and the energy issues of the Baltic states. - 2.4. Nordic countries - European Union in the context of energy security. - 3. Basic elements of the energy balance in Norden states. - 3.1. The Republic of Iceland. - 3.2. The Kingdom of Denmark. - 3.3. The Kingdom of Sweden. - 3.4. The Republic of Finland. - 4. Position of the Kingdom of Norway. - 4.1. Norway as an oil and gas producer. - 4.2. Norway in the energy balance of the region. - 4.3. High North - strategy vision and plan of Norway. - 4.4. High North - relations with the Russian Federation in the field of energy. - 5. Energy and climate - directions of activities of countries from Nordic region. - 5.1. Activities concerning energy and environmental protection and climate changes. - 5.2. Research and development - overcoming negative relations between progress and environment degradation. - 5.3. Nordic states versus contemporary energy security challenges. - Conclusion. - Literature. - List of figures and tables.
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  • 76
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Dordrecht [u.a.] : Kluwer
    Call number: M 99.0101 ; AWI G7-86-0694
    Description / Table of Contents: This book is designed as a comprehensive mathematical introduction to the science of the behaviour of glaciers and ice sheets in their geophysical environment. Its main objective is to provide a better fundamental understanding of the problems of ice mechanics and fluid mechanics of large ice masses, and to connect and unify some of the approaches that have been developed in different disciplines concerned with glaciers and ice sheets. The first two chapters provide the physical background by treating ice within the framework of continuum physics and material science. The central part of the book deals with the conceptualization and mathematical formulation of glacier and ice sheet flow. Considerations concerning fluid mechanics and thermodynamics are given equal attention. The aim is to deduce common glaciological formulae from first principles and to state clearly the assumptions which lie behind the approximations. This allows the extension of the results - known to glaciologists in plane flow only - to three dimensions, thus paving the way for further research.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: xxxvii, 510 S.
    ISBN: 9027714738
    Series Statement: Mathematical approaches to geophysics
    Classification:
    Meteorology and Climatology
    Language: English
    Note: TABLE OF CONTENTS: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. - PREFACE. - INTRODUCTION. - SYMBOLS AND NOTATION. - PART I. FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY OF ICE. - 1.General Concepts. - 1. Introduction. - 2. Equations of Balance. - 3. Material Response. - (a) General constitutive relations, simple materials. - (b) The rule of material objectivity. - (c) Material symmetry. - (d) Constitutive response for isotropie bodies. - (e) Materials with bounded memory-some constitutive representations. - (f) Incompressibility. - (g) Some representations of isotropic functions. - 4. The Entropy Principle. - (a) The viscous heat-conducting compressible fluid. - (b) The viscous heat-conducting incompressible fluid. - (c) Pressure and extra stress as independent variables. - (d) Thermoelastic solid. - (e) Final remarks. - 5. Phase Changes. - (a) Phase changes for a viscous compressible heat-conducting fluid. - (b) Phase changes for a viscous incompressible heat-conducting fluid. - References. - 2. A Brief Summary of Constitutive Relations for Ice. - 1. Preliminary Remarks. - 2. The Mechanical Properties of Hexagonal Ice. - (a) The crystal structure of ordinary ice. - (b) The elastic behavior of hexagonal ice. - (c) The inelastic behavior of single-crystal ice. - 3. The Mechanical Properties of Polycrystalline Ice. - (a) The elastic behavior of polycrystalline ice. - (b) Linear viscoelastic properties of polycrystalline ice. - (α) General theory. - (β) Experimental results. - (c) Non-linear viscous deformation and creep. - (α) Results of creep tests. - (β) Generalization to a three-dimensional flow law. - (γ) Other flow laws. - 4. The Mechanical Properties of Sea Ice. - (a) The phase diagram of standard sea ice and its brine conten. - (b) Elastic properties. - (c) Other material properties. - References. - PART II. THE DEFORMATION OF AN ICE MASS UNDER ITS OWN WEIGHT. - 3. A Mathematical Ice-flow Model and its Application to Parallel-sided Ice Slabs. - 1. Motivation and Physical Description. - 2. The Basic Model - Its Field Equations and Boundary Conditions. - (a) The field equations. - (α) Cold ice region. - (β) Temperate ice region. - (b) Boundary conditions. - (α) At the free surface. - (β) Along the ice-water interface. - (γ) Along the bedrock surface. - (δ) Along the melting surface. - 3. The Response of a Parallel-sided Ice Slab to Steady Conditions. - (a) Dimensionless forms of the field equations. - (b) Parallel-sided ice slab, a first approximation to glacier and ice-shelf flow dynamics. - (α) Velocity and temperature fields x-independent. - (β) Extending and compressing flow. - (γ) Floating ice shelves 4. Concluding Remark. - References. - 4. Thermo-mechanical Response of Nearly Parallel-sided Ice Slabs Sliding over their Bed. - 1. Motivation. - 2. The Basic Boundary-value Problem and its Reduction to Linear Form. - 3. The Solution of the Boundary-value Problems. - (a) Zeroth-order problem. - (b) First-order problem. - (α) Harmonic perturbation from uniform flow for a zero accumulation rate. - (β) Analytic solution for a Newtonian fluid. - (γ) Numerical solution for non-linear rheology. - (δ) Effect of a steady accumulation rate. - (ε) A historical note on a previous approach. - (η) The first-order temperature problem. - (c) Numerical results for steady state. - (α) Transfer of bottom protuberances to the surface. - (β) Basal stresses. - (γ) Surface velocities. - (δ) Effect of a steady accumulation rate. - 4. Remarks on Response to a Time-dependent Accumulation Rate. - 5. Surface-wave Stability Analysis. - (a) The eigenvalue problem. - (b) Discussion of results. - 6. Final Remarks. - References. - 5. The Application of the Shallow-ice Approximation. - 1. Background and Previous Work. - 2. Derivation of the Basal Shear-stress Formula by Integrating the Momentum Equations over Ice Thickness. - (a) Derivation. - (b) The use of the basal shear-stress formula in applied glaciology. - 3. Solution of the Ice-flow Problem using the Shallow-ice Approximation. - (a) Governing equations. - (b) Shallow-ice approximation. - (c) Construction of the perturbation solution. - (d) Results. - (e) Temperature field. - 4. Theoretical Steady-state Profiles. - (a) Earlier theories and their limitations. - (b) Surface profiles determined by using the shallow-ice approximation. - 5. An Alternative Scaling - a Proper Analysis of Dynamics of Ice Sheets with Ice Divides. - (a) Finite-bed inclination. - (b) Small-bed inclination. - (c) Illustrations. - References. - 6. The Response of a Glacier or an Ice Sheet to Seasonal and Climatic Changes. - 1. Statement of the Problem. - 2. Development of the Kinematic Wave Theory. - (a) Full non-linear theory. - (b) Perturbation expansion-linear theory. - (c) An estimate for the coefficients C and D. - (d) Boundary and initial conditions. - 3. Theoretical Solutions for a Model Glacier. - (a) Solutions neglecting diffusion. - (b) Theoretical solutions for a diffusive model. - (α) Coefficient functions for the special model. - (β) Solution for a step function. - (γ) General solution for uniform accumulation rate. - (δ) The inverse problem - calculation of climate from variations of the snout. - 4. General Treatment for an Arbitrary Valley Glacier. - (a) Fourier analysis in time. - (α) Low-frequency response. - (β) High-frequency response. - (γ) Use of the results. - (b) Direct integration methods. - 5. Derivation of the Surface-wave Equation from First Principles Non-linear Theory. - (a) Surface waves in the shallow-ice approximation. - (α) Integration by the methods of characteristics. - (β) An illustrative example. - (γ) A remark on linearization. - (δ) Effects of diffusion. - (b) Remarks regarding time-dependent surface profiles in ice sheets. - (c) Long waves in an infinite ice slab - Is accounting for diffusion enough?. - (α) Basic equations. - (β) Construction of perturbation solutions. - (γ) Numerical results. - 6. Concluding Remarks. - References. - 7. Three-dimensional and Local Flow Effects in Glaciers and Ice Sheets. - 1. Introduction. - 2. Effect of Valley Sides on the Motion of a Glacier. - (a) Solutions in special cases. - (α) Exact solutions for the limiting cases. - (β) Solution for a slightly off-circular channel. - (γ) A note on very deep and wide channels. - (b) A useful result for symmetrical channels with no boundary slip. - (c) Numerical solution - discussion of results. - 3. Three-dimensional Flow Effects in Ice Sheets. - (a) Basic equations. - (b) Decoupling of the stress-velocity problem from the problem of surface profile. - (c) The equation describing the surface geometry. - (d) The margin conditions. - 4. Variational Principles. - (a) Fundamental variational theorem. - (b) Variational principle for velocities. - (c) Reciprocal variational theorem. - (d) Maximum and minimum principles. - (e) Adoption of the variational principles to ice problems. - 5. Discussion of Some Finite-element Solutions. - References. - Appendix: Detailed Calculations Pertaining to Higher-order Stresses in the Shallow-ice Approximation. - AUTHOR INDEX. - SUBJECT INDEX.
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  • 77
    Call number: AWI P6-10-0062 ; AWI P6-11-0002
    Description / Table of Contents: This volume provides a comprehensive, up-to-date account of how the physical and biological environment of the Antarctic continent and Southern Ocean has changed from Deep Time until the present day. It also considers how the Antarctic environment may change over the next century in a world where greenhouse gas concentrations are much higher than occurred over the last few centuries. The Antarctic is a highly coupled system with non-linear interactions between the atmosphere, ocean, ice and biota, along with complex links to the rest of the Earth system. Inpreparing this volume our approach has been highly cross-disciplinary, with the goal of reflecting the importance of the continent in global issues, such as sea level rise, the separation of natural climate variability from anthropogenic influences, food stocks, biodiversity and carbon uptake by the ocean. One hundred experts in Antarctic science have contributed and drafts of the manuscript were reviewed by over 200 scientists. We hope that it will be of value to all scientists with an interest in the Antarctic continent and the Southern Ocean, policy makers and those concerned with the deployment of observing systems and the development of climate models.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XXVIII, 526 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    ISBN: 9780948277221
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS: PREFACE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 THE ANTARCTIC ENVIRONMENT AND THE GLOBAL SYSTEM 1.1 THE PHYSICAL SETTING 1.2 THE ANTARCTIC CRYOSPHERE 1.3 THE ROLE OF THE ANTARCTIC IN THE GLOBAL CLIMATE SYSTEM 1.4 OBSERVATIONS FOR STUDIES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE IN THE ANTARCTIC 1.5 THE CLIMATE OF THE ANTARCTIC AND ITS VARIABILITY 1.6 BIOTA OF THE ANTARCTIC 1.6.1 Terrestrial 1.6.2 Marine 2 OBSERVATIONS, DATA ACCURACY AND TOOLS 2.1 OBSERVATIONS, DATA ACCURACY AND TOOLS 2.1.1 Introduction 2.1.2 Meteorological and ozone observing in the Antarctic 2.1.3 In-situ ocean observations 2.1.4 Sea ice observations 2.1.5 Observations of the ice sheet and permafrost 2.1.6 Sea level 2.1.7 Marine biology 2.1.8 Terrestrial biology 2.1.9 Models 2.2 FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS AND RESEARCH NEEDS 3 ANTARCTIC CLIMATE AND ENVIRONMENT HISTORY IN THE PREINSTRUMENTAL PERIOD 3.1 INTRODUCTION 3.2 DEEP TIME 3.2.1 The Greenhouse world: from Gondwana breakup to 34 million years 3.2.2 Into the Icehouse world: the last 34 million years 3.3 THE LAST MILLION YEARS 3.3.1 Glacial interglacial cycles: the ice core record 3.3.2 The transition to Holocene interglacial conditions: the ice core record 3.3.3 Deglaciation of the continental shelf, coastal margin and continental interior 3.3.4 Antarctic deglaciation and its impact on global sea level 3.3.5 Sea ice and climate 3.4 THE HOLOCENE 3.4.1 Holocene climate change: regional to hemispheric perspectives 3.4.2 Changes in sea ice extent through the Holocene 3.4.3 Regional patterns of Holocene climate change in Antarctica 3.5 BIOLOGICAL RESPONSES TO CLIMATE CHANGE 3.5.1 The terrestrial environment 3.5.2 The marine environment 3.4.3 Regional patterns of Holocene climate change in Antarctica 3.6 CONCLUDING REMARKS 4 THE INSTRUMENTAL PERIOD 4.1 INTRODUCTION 4.2 CHANGES OF ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION 4.2.1 Modes of variability ..? 4.2.2 Depression tracks 4.2.3 Teleconnections 4.3 TEMPERATURE 4.3.1 Surface temperature 4.3.2 Upper air temperature changes 4.3.3 Attribution 4.4 CHANGES IN ANTARCTIC SNOWFALL OVER THE PAST 50 YEARS 4.4.1 General spatial and temporal characteristics of Antarctic snowfall 4.4.2 Long-term Antarctic snowfall accumulation estimates 4.4.3 Recent trends in Antarctic snowfall 4.5 ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY 4.5.1 Antarctic stratospheric ozone in the instrumental period 4.5.2 Antarctic tropospheric chemistry 4.5.3 Aerosol, clouds and radiation 4.6 THE SOUTHERN OCEAN 4.6.1 Introduction 4.6.2 Australian sector 4.6.3 The Amundsen/Bellingshausen Seas 4.6.4 Variability and change in Ross Sea shelf waters 4.6.5 The Weddell Sea sector 4.6.6 Small-scale processes in the Southern Ocean 4.6.7 Dynamics of the circulation and water masses of the ACC and the polar gyres from model results 4.7 . ANTARCTIC SEA ICE COVER DURING THE INSTRUMENTAL PERIOD 4.7.1 Introduction 4.7.2 Sea ice cover in the pre-satellite era 4.7.3 Variability and trends in sea ice using satellite data 4.8 THE ICE SHEET AND PERMAFROST 4.8.1 Introduction 4.8.2 The Antarctic Peninsula 4.8.3 West Antarctica 4.8.4 East Antarctica 4.8.5 Calving 4.8.6 Sub-glacial water movement 4.8.7 Other changes in the ice sheet 4.8.8 Attribution of changes to the ice sheet 4.8.9 Conclusions regarding the ice sheet 4.8.10 Changes in Antarctic permafrost and active layer over the last 50 years 4.9 LONG TERM SEA LEVEL CHANGE 4.10 MARINE BIOLOGY 4.10.1 The open ocean system 4.10.2 Sea ice ecosystems 4.10.3 ENSO links and teleconnections to vertebrate life histories and population 4.10.4 Invertebrate physiology 4.10.5 Seasonality effect on the high Antarctic benthic shelf communities? 4.10.6 Macroalgal physiology and ecology 4.10.7 Marine/terrestrial pollution 4.11 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY - SOUTHERN OCEAN CARBON CYCLE RESPONSE TO HISTORICAL CLIMATE CHANGE 4.11.1 Introduction 4.11.2 CO2 fluxes in the Southern Ocean 4.11.3 Historical change - observed response 4.11.4 Historical change - simulated view 4.11.5 Changes in CO2 inventories 4.11.6 Concluding remarks 4.12 TERRESTRIAL BIOLOGY 5 THE NEXT 100 YEARS 5.1 INTRODUCTION 5.2 CLIMATE CHANGE 5.2.1 IPCC scenarios 5.2.2 Climate models 5.2.3 Atmospheric circulation 5.2.4 Temperature change over the Twenty First Century 5.2.5 Precipitation change over the Twenty First Century 5.2.6 Antarctic stratospheric ozone over the next 100 years 5.3 OCEAN CIRCULATION AND WATER MASSES 5.3.1 Simulation of present-day conditions in the Southern Hemisphere 5.3.2 Projections for the Twenty First Century 5.3.3 Long-term evolution of the Southern Ocean 5.3.4 Conclusions 5.4 SEA ICE CHANGE OVER THE TWENTY FIRST CENTURY 5.5 THE TERRESTRIAL CRYOSPHERE 5.5.1 Introduction 5.5.2 East Antarctic ice sheet 5.5.3 West Antarctic ice sheet 5.5.4 Antarctic Peninsula 5.5.5 Conclusions 5.5.6 Summary and needs for future research 5.6 EVOLUTION OF ANTARCTIC PERMAFROST 5.7 PROJECTIONS OF SEA LEVEL IN ANTARCTIC AND SOUTHERN OCEAN WATERS BY 2100 5.7.1 Regional projections of mean sea-level rise 5.8 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY - RESPONSE OF THE SOUTHERN OCEAN CARBON CYCLE TO FUTURE CLIMATE CHANGE 5.8.1 Background 5.8.2 Future Southern Ocean carbon response 5.8.3 Response to increased CO2 uptake 5.8.4 Concluding remarks 5.9 BIOLOGY 5.9.1 Terrestrial Biology 5.9.2 Marine Biology 5.9.3 The Antarctic marine ecosystem in the year 2100 6 RECOMMENDATIONS 7 REFERENCES.
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  • 78
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Wiesbaden : Vieweg +Teubner
    Call number: AWI S2-11-0063
    Description / Table of Contents: Diese Einführung in die statistische Datenanalyse ist für Studierende und Interessierte gedacht, die ein vertieftes Verständnis für statistische Problemstellungen erarbeiten wollen, ohne tief in die Mathematik einsteigen zu müssen. Dazu bilden zahlreiche Beispiele aus allen Teilen der Naturwissenschaften und der Technik die Grundlage. Neben den Grundlagen wird auch eine Einführung in alle größeren weiterführenden Teilgebiete der Statistik geboten. Die 5. Auflage wurde an einigen Stellen überarbeitet und das Layout wurde verbessert.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XII, 418 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Edition: 5., überarbeitete Auflage, unveränderter Nachdruck 2009
    ISBN: 9783834804105
    Series Statement: Studium
    Language: German
    Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Einleitung 1.1 Was ist Statistische Datenanalyse? 1.2 Ziele 1.3 Hinweise 1.4 Literatur zur angewandten Statistik 1 Beschreibende Statistik 2 Beschreibung eindimensionaler Stichproben 2.1 Histogramme 2.2 Einige Bezeichnungen und Begriffe 2.3 Kennzahlen für eine quantitative Stichprobe 2.4 Klassierte Daten 2.5 Mehrere Stichproben 2.6 Transformationen von beobachteten Werten 2.7 Wertebereiche, Datensorten 2.8 Transformationen und Unterschiede zwischen Beobachtungen 3 Beschreibende Statistik mehrdimensionaler Daten 3.1 Grafische Darstellungen fur zwei zusammenhangende Grossen 3.2 Die Produktmomenten-Korrelation 3.3 Rangkorrelation 3.4 Zur Interpretation von Korrelationen 3.5 Regression 3.6 Multivariate Beobachtungen 3.7 Zeitreihen und räumliche Daten 3.8 Allgemeines zu grafischen Darstellungen 3.9 Wie weiter? Literatur zu Teil I II Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung 4 Wahrscheinlichkeit 4.1 Einleitung 4.2 Grundbegriffe und Grundeigenschaften 4.3 Zufallsvariable 4.4 Zufallszahlen 4.5 Zwei Zufallsvariable, gemeinsame Verteilung 4.6 Unabhangige Ereignisse und Zufallsvariable 4.7 Bedingte Wahrscheinlichkeit 4.8 Bedingte Verteilung 4.9 Der Satz von Bayes 4.10 Was ist eine Wahrscheinlichkeit? 4.11 Wie weiter? 5 Diskrete Verteilungen 5.1 Binomial-Verteilung 5.2 Die Poisson-Verteilung 5.3 Kennzahlen 5.4 Verteilungsfamilien 5.5 Die multinomiale Verteilung 5.6 Summen von Zufallsvariablen 5.7 Zufalls-Stichproben 5.8 Gesetze der grossen Zahl 5.9 Stochastische Prozesse 6 Stetige Verteilungen 6.1 Grundlagen 6.2 Grundbegriffe, Exponential-und uniforme Verteilung 6.3 Kennzahlen für stetige Verteilungen 6.4 Transformationen von Zufallsvariablen 6.5 Die Normalverteilung 6.6 Die Lognormal- Verteilung 6.7 Weitere stetige Verteilungsfamilien 6.8 Gemeinsame und bedingte Verteilung 6.9 Unabhangige Zufallsvariable und Correlation 6.10 Funktionen von mehreren Zufallsvariablen 6.11 Gausssche Fehler-Fortpflanzung 6.12 Der Zentrale Grenzwertsatz 6.13 Rückblick Literatur zu Teil II III Schliessende Statistik 7 Schätzungen 7.1 Drei Grundfragen der schliessenden Statistik 7.2 Schätzungen für B, V und M 7.3 Eigenschaften von Schätzungen 7.4 Die Maximum-Likelihood-Methode 7.5 Robuste Schätzungen 8 Tests 8.1 Einführende Beispiele und Begriffe 8.2 Test fiir eine Wahrscheinlichkeit 8.3 Die Teststatistik 8.4 Vorgehen bei einem statistischen Test 8.5 Tests für eine Stichprobe oder zwei gepaarte Stichproben 8.6 Interpretation von Testergebnissen 8.7 Bemerkungen zum P-Wert 8.8 Vergleich von zwei quantitativen Stichproben 8.9 Macht 8.10 Asymptotische Tests und Randomisierungs-Tests 8.11 Sinn und Unsinn statistischer Tests 9 Vertrauensintervalle 9.1 Vertrauensintervalle für Binomial-und Poisson-Verteilung 9.2 Die Grundeigenschaft von Vertrauensintervallen 9.3 Vertrauensintervalle für Lageparameter 9.4 Bootstrap und andere Resampling-Methoden 9.5 Vertrauens- und andere Intervalle 9.6 Schätzungen, Tests und Vertrauensintervalle im Vergleich 9.7 Wo stehen wir? Literatur zu Teil III IV Methoden der Datenanalyse 10 Nominate Daten 10.1 Multinomiale Verteilung und Chiquadrat-Test 10.2 Der Chiquadrat-Anpassungstest 10.3 Der Chiquadrat-Test in Kontingenztafeln 10.4 Die häufigsten Fehler beim Chiquadrat-Test 11 Überprüfung von Voraussetzungen 11.1 Problemstellung 11.2 Quantil-Quantil-Diagramme 11.3 Anpassungstests 11.4 Bedeutung von Tests zur Prüfung von Voraussetzungen 11.5 Unabhiingigkeit 12 Varianzanalyse 12.1 Vergleich mehrerer Stichproben, einfache Varianzanalyse 12.2 Multiple Vergleiche, multiple Tests 12.3 Mehrere verbundene Stichproben 12.4 Zweiweg-Varianzanalyse 12.5 Zufallige Effekte, Varianz-Komponenten 12.6 Ausblick Literatur 13 Regression 13.1 Das Modell der einfachen linearen Regression 13.2 Schätzung der Parameter 13.3 Tests und Vertrauensintervalle für die Koeffizienten 13.4 Vertrauens-und Vorhersage-Bereiche 13.5 Multiple lineare Regression 13.6 Vielfalt der Modelle der multiplen linearen Regression 13.7 Interpretation von Regressionskoeffizienten 13.8 Residuen-Analyse 13.9 Einflussreiche Beobachtungen 13.10 Modellwahl 13.11 Allgemeinere Modelle für stetige Zielgrossen 13.12 Verallgemeinerte lineare Modelle Literatur 14 Versuchsplanung 14.1 Einleitung 14.2 Allgemeine Überlegungen 14.3 Versuchsplane 14.4 Eine Checkliste Literatur 15 Multivariate Statistik 15.1 Mehrdimensionale Zufallsvariable 15.2 Schatzung von Erwartungswert und Kovarianz-Matrix 15.3 Die mehrdimensionale Normalverteilung 15.4 Statistik der Normalverteilung 15.5 Hauptkomponenten 15.6 Diskriminanz- Analyse Literatur 16 Zeitreihen 16.1 Fragestellungen 16.2 Auto-Korrelation 16.3 ARMA-Modelle 16.4 Statistik von Zeitreihen 16.5 Vorhersage 16.6 Zustandsraum-Modelle 16.7 Spektralanalyse 16.8 Raumliche Korrelation 16.9 Regression mit Zeitreihen Literatur 17 Stichproben-Erhebungen 17.1 Einleitung 17.2 Einfache Zufalls-Stichprobe 17.3 Geschichtete Stichproben 17.4 Weitere Stichproben-Plane 17.5 Weitere Schatzmethoden 17.6 Auswertung von Umfragen 17.7 Eine Checkliste Literatur 18 Ausblick 18.1 Bedeutung von Wahrscheinlichkeit-Modellen 18.2 Grosse Datensatze, beschreibende Modelle 18.3 Die Statistik und ihre Anwendungen Nachwort A Anhang: Kurzfassung des wichtigsten Stoffes Literaturverzeichnis Sachwortverzeichnis
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  • 79
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    [Zürich] : IAHS (ICSI)
    Associated volumes
    Call number: AWI G7-12-0031
    In: Glacier mass balance bulletin
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 96 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    Language: English
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  • 80
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Call number: AWI A13-12-0036
    Description / Table of Contents: The modeling of the past, present, and future climates is of fundamental importance to the issue of climate change and variability. Climate change and climate modeling provides a solid foundation for science students in all disciplines for our current understanding of global warming and important natural climate variations such as El Niño, and lays out the essentials of how climate models are constructed. As issues of climate change and impacts of climate variability become increasingly important, climate scientists must reach out to science students from a range of disciplines. Climate models represent one of our primary tools for predicting and adapting to climate change. An understanding of their strengths and limitations - and of what aspects of climate science are well understood and where quantitative uncertainities arise - can be communicated very effectively to students from a broad range of the sciences. This book will provide a basis for students to make informed decisions concerning climate change, whether they go on to study atmospheric science at a higher level or not. The book has been developed over a number of years form the course that the author teaches at UCLA. It has been extensively class-tested by hundreds of students, and assumes no previous background in atmospheric science except basic calculus and physics.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XV, 282 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Edition: 1. published 2011, reprinted 2012
    ISBN: 9780521602433
    Language: English
    Note: Contents: Preface. - 1. Overview of climate variability and climate science. - 1.1 Climate dynamics, climate change and climate prediction. - 1.2 The chemical and physical climate system. - 1.2.1 Chemical and physical aspects of the climate system. - 1.2.2 El Niño and global warming. - 1.3 Climate models: a brief overview. - 1.4 Global change in recent history. - 1.4.1 Trace gas concentrations. - 1.4.2 A word on the ozone hole. - 1.4.3 Some history of global warming studies. - 1.4.4 Global temperatures. - 1.5 El Niño: an example of natural climate variability. - 1.5.1 Some history of El Niño studies. - 1.5.2 Observations of El Niño: the 1997-98 event. - 1.5.3 The first El Niño forecast with a coupled ocean-atmosphere model. - 1.6 Paleoclimate variability. - Notes. - 2. Basics of global climate. - 2.1 Components and phenomena in the climate system. - 2.1.1 Time and space scales. - 2.1.2 Interactions among scales and the parameterization problem. - 2.2 Basics of radiative forcing. - 2.2.1 Blackbody radiation. - 2.2.2 Solar energy input. - 2.3 Globally averaged energy budget: first glance. - 2.4 Gradients of radiative forcing and energy transports. - 2.5 Atmospheric circulation. - 2.5.1 Vertical structure. - 2.5.2 Latitude structure of the circulation. - 2.5.3 Latitude-Iongitude dependence of atmospheric climate features. - 2.6 Ocean circulation. - 2.6.1 Latitude-longitude dependence of oceanic climate features. - 2.6.2 The ocean vertical structure. - 2.6.3 The ocean thermohaline circulation. - 2.7 Land surface proeesses. - 2.8 The carbon cycle. - Notes. - 3. Physical processes in the climate system. - 3.1 Conservation of momentum. - 3.1.1 Coriolis force. - 3.1.2 Pressure gradient force. - 3.1.3 Velocity equations. - 3.1.4 Application: geostrophic wind. - 3.1.5 Pressure-height relation: hydrostatic balance. - 3.1.6 Application: pressure coordinates. - 3.2 Equation of state. - 3.2.1 Equation of state for the atmosphere: ideal gas law. - 3.2.2 Equation of state for the ocean. - 3.2.3 Application: atmospheric height-pressure-temperature relation. - 3.2.4 Application: thermal circulations. - 3.2.5 Application: sea level rise due to oceanic thermal expansion. - 3.3 Temperature equation. - 3.3.1 Ocean temperature equation. - 3.3.2 Temperature equation for air. - 3.3.3 Application: the dry adiabatic lapse rate near the surface. - 3.3.4 Application: decay of a sea surface temperature anomaly. - 3.3.5 Time derivative following the parcel. - 3.4 Continuity equation. - 3.4.1 Oceanic continuity equation. - 3.4.2 Atmospheric continuity equation. - 3.4.3 Application: coastal upwelling. - 3.4.4 Application: equatorial upwelling. - 3.4.5 Application: conservation of warm water mass in an idealized layer above the thermocline. - 3.5 Conservation of mass applied to moisture. - 3.5.1 Moisture equation for the atmosphere and surface. - 3.5.2 Sources and sinks of moisture, and latent heat. - 3.5.3 Application: surface melting on an ice sheet. - 3.5.4 Salinity equation for the ocean. - 3.6 Moist processes. - 3.6.1 Saturation. - 3.6.2 Saturation in convection; lifting condensation level. - 3.6.3 The moist adiabat and lapse rate in convective regions. - 3.6.4 Moist convection. - 3.7 Wave processes in the atmosphere and ocean. - 3.7.1 Gravity waves. - 3.7.2 Kelvin waves. - 3.7.3 Rossby waves. - 3.8 Overview. - Notes. - 4. El Niño and year-to-year climate prediction. - 4.1 Recap of El Niño basics. - 4.1.1 The Bjerknes hypothesis. - 4.2 Tropical Pacific climatology. - 4.3 ENSO mechanisms I: extreme phases. - 4.4 Pressure gradients in an idealized upper layer. - 4.4.1 Subsurface temperature anomalies in an idealized upper layer. - 4.5 Transition into the 1997-98 El Niño. - 4.5.1 Subsurface temperature measurements. - 4.5.2 Subsurface temperature anomalies during the onset of El Niño. - 4.5.3 Subsurface temperature anomalies during the transition to La Niña. - 4.6 El Niño mechanisms II: dynamics of transition phases. - 4.6.1 Equatorial jets and the Kelvin wave. - 4.6.2 The Kelvin wave speed. - 4.6.3 What sets the width of the Kelvin wave and equatorial jet?. - 4.6.4 Response of the ocean to a wind anomaly. - 4.6.5 The delayed oscillator model and the recharge oscillator model. - 4.6.6 ENSO transition mechanism in brief. - 4.7 El Niño prediction. - 4.7.1 Limits to skill in ENSO forecasts. - 4.8 El Niño remote impacts: teleconnections. - 4.9 Other interannual climate phenomena. - 4.9.1 Hurricane season forecasts. - 4.9.2 Sahel drought. - 4.9.3 North Atlantic oscillation and annular modes. - Notes. - 5. Climate models. - 5.1 Constructing a climate model. - 5.1.1 An atmospheric model. - 5.1.2 Treatment of sub-grid-scale processes. - 5.1.3 Resolution and computational cost. - 5.1.4 An ocean model and ocean-atmosphere coupling. - 5.1.5 Land surface, snow, ice and vegetation. - 5.1.6 Summary of principal climate model equations. - 5.1.7 Climate system modeling. - 5.2 Numerical representation of atmospheric and oceanic equations. - 5.2.1 Finite-difference versus spectral models. - 5.2.2 Time-stepping and numerical stability. - 5.2.3 Staggered grids and other grids. - 5.2.4 Parallel computer architecture. - 5.3 Parameterization of small-scale processes. - 5.3.1 Mixing and surface fluxes. - 5.3.2 Dry convection. - 5.3.3 Moist convection. - 5.3.4 Land surface processes and soil moisture. - 5.3.5 Sea ice and snow. - 5.4 The hierarchy of climate models. - 5.5 Climate simulations and climate drift. - 5.6 Evaluation of climate model simulations for present-day climate. - 5.6.1 Atmospheric model climatology from specified SST. - 5.6.2 Climate model simulation of climatology. - 5.6.3 Simulation of ENSO response. - Notes. - 6. The greenhouse effect and climate feedbacks. - 6.1 The greenhouse effect in Earth's current climate. - 6.1.1 Global energy balance. - 6.1.2 A global-average energy balance model with a one-layer atmosphere. - 6.1.3 Infrared emissions from a layer. - 6.1.4 The greenhouse effect: example with a completely IR-absorbing atmosphere. - 6.1.5 The greenhouse effect in a one-layer atmosphere, global-average model. - 6.1.6 Temperatures from the one-layer energy balance model. - 6.2 Global warming I: example in the global-average energy balance model. - 6.2.1 Increases in the basic greenhouse effect. - 6.2.2 Climate feedback parameter in the one-layer global-average model. - 6.3 Climate feedbacks. - 6.3.1 Climate feedback parameter. - 6.3.2 Contributions of climate feedbacks to global-average temperature response. - 6.3.3 Climate sensitivity. - 6.4 The water vapor feedback. - 6.5 Snow/ice feedback. - 6.6 Cloud feedbacks. - 6.7 Other feedbacks in the physical climate system. - 6.7.1 Stratospheric cooling. - 6.7.2 Lapse rate feedback. - 6.8 Climate response time in transient climate change. - 6.8.1 Transient climate change versus equilibrium response experiments. - 6.8.2 A doubled-CO2 equilibrium response experiment. - 6.8.3 The role of the oceans in slowing warming. - 6.8.4 Climate sensitivity in transient climate change. - Notes. - 7. Climate model scenarios for global warming. - 7.1 Greenhouse gases, aerosols and other climate forcings. - 7.1.1 Scenarios, forcings and feedbacks. - 7.1.2 Forcing by sulfate aerosols. - 7.1.3 Commonly used scenarios. - 7.2 Global-average response to greenhouse warming scenarios. - 7.3 Spatial patterns of warming for time-dependent scenarios. - 7.3.1 Comparing projections of different climate models. - 7.3.2 Multi-model ensemble averages. - 7.3.3 Polar amplification of warming. - 7.3.4 Summary of spatial patterns of the response. - 7.4 Ice, sea level, extreme events. - 7.4.1 Sea ice and snow. - 7.4.2 Land ice. - 7.4.3 Extreme events. - 7.5 Summary: the best-estimate prognosis. - 7.6 Climate change observed to date. - 7.6.1 Temperature trends and natural variability: scale dependence. - 7.6.2 Is the observed trend consistent with natural variability or anthropogenic forcing?. - 7.6.3 Sea ice, land ice, ocean heat storage and sea level rise. - 7.7 Emissions
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  • 81
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Princeton : Princeton University Press
    Call number: AWI G3-12-0048
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Chapter 1: Introduction to the Cryosphere. - Chapter 2: Material Properties of Snow and Ice. - Chapter 3: Snow and Ice Thermodynamics. - Chapter 4: Seasonal Snow and Freshwater Ice. - Chapter 5: Sea Ice. - Chapter 6: Glaciers and Ice Sheets. - Chapter 7: Permafrost. - Chapter 8: Cryosphere-Climate Processes. - Chapter 9: The Cryosphere and Climate Change.
    Description / Table of Contents: The cryosphere encompasses the Earth's snow and ice masses. It is a critical part of our planet's climate system, one that is especially at risk from climate change and global warming. "The Cryosphere" provides an essential introduction to the subject, written by one of the world's leading experts in Earth-system science. In this primer, glaciologist Shawn Marshall introduces readers to the cryosphere and the broader role it plays in our global climate system. After giving a concise overview, he fully explains each component of the cryosphere and how it works - seasonal snow, permafrost, river and lake ice, sea ice, glaciers, ice sheets, and ice shelves. Marshall describes how snow and ice interact with our atmosphere and oceans and how they influence climate, sea level, and ocean circulation. He looks at the cryosphere's role in past ice ages, and considers the changing cryosphere's future impact on our landscape, oceans, and climate. Accessible and authoritative, this primer also features a glossary of key terms, suggestions for further reading, explanations of equations, and a discussion of open research questions in the field.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: IX, 288 Seiten , Illustrationen
    ISBN: 9780691145266
    Series Statement: Princeton primers in climate
    Language: English
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  • 82
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Princeton [u.a.] : Princeton Univ. Press
    Call number: AWI A3-13-0048
    Description / Table of Contents: The atmosphere is critical to climate change. It can amplify shifts in the climate system, and also mitigate them. This primer offers a short, reader-friendly introduction to these atmospheric processes and how they work, written by a leading expert on the subject. Giving readers an overview of key atmospheric processes, David Randall looks at how our climate system receives energy from the sun and sheds it by emitting infrared radiation back into space. The atmosphere regulates these radiative energy flows and transports energy through weather systems such as thunderstorms, monsoons, hurricanes, and winter storms. Randall explains how these processes work, and also how precipitation, cloud formation, and other phase changes of water strongly influence weather and climate. He discusses how atmospheric feedbacks affect climate change, how the the large-scale atmospheric circulation works, how predicting the weather and the climate are fundamentally different challenges, and much more. This is the ideal introduction for students and nonspecialists. No prior experience in atmospheric science is needed, only basic college physics.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: VIII, 277 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
    ISBN: 9780691143750
    Series Statement: Princeton primers in climate
    Language: English
    Note: Contents: Preface. - 1 Basics. - 2 Radiative energy flows. - 3 How turbulence and cumulus clouds carry energy upward. - Appendix to Chapter 3: More about Eddy Fluxes. - 4 How energy travels from the tropics to the poles. - Appendix to chapter 4: Conservation of momentum on a rotating sphere. - 5 Feedbacks. - 6 The water planet. - 7 Predictability of weather and climate. - 8 Air, sea, land. - 9 Frontiers. - Notes. - Glossary. - Suggestions for further reading. - Bibliography. - Index.
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  • 83
    Call number: SR 90.0018(129) ; ZSP-183-129
    In: Bulletin / Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse, No. 129
    Description / Table of Contents: The Holocene stratigraphy in Scoresby Sund is based on climatic change as reflected by fluctuations in fjord and valley glaciers, immigration and extinction of marine molluscs, and the vegetation history recorded in pollen diagrams from five lakes. The histories are dated by C-14, and indirectly by emergence curves showing the patterns of isostatic uplift. From c. 10100-10400 to 9400 yr BP the major fjord glaciers showed oscillatory retreat with abundant moraine formation, the period of the Milne Land Moraines. The vegetation in the ice free areas was a sparse type of fell field vegetation but with thermophilous elements indicating temperatures similar to the present. From 9400 yr BP the fjord glaciers retreated rapidly in the narrow fjords, the few moraines formed are referred to the R0defjord stages and indicate topographically conditioned stillstands. At 8000 yr BP the low arctic Betula nana imigrated into the area, and in the period until 5000 yr BP dense dwarf shrub heath grew in areas where it is now absent. In the fjords the subarctic Mytilus edulis and Pecten islandica lived, suggesting a climate warmer than the present. From c. 5000 yr BP the dense dwarf shrub heath began to disappear in the coastal areas, and a 'poor' heath dominated by the high arctic Salix Arctica and Cassiope tetragona expanded. These two species, which are now extremely common, apparently did not grow in the area until c. 6000 yr BP. In lakes in the coastal area minerogenic sedimentation at c. 2800 yr BP, reflecting the general climatic deterioration.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 66 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. + 7 Beil.
    Series Statement: Bulletin / Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse 129
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS: Introduction. - Topography and hydrography. - Climate, glaciation, permafrost. - Notes on the scientific exploration of the area. - Sea level changes. - C-14 dates on shell material, corrections and errors. - Marine limits. - Emergence curves. - Marine faunas. - Glaciation history. - Pleistocene glaciation. - The Milne Land Moraines. - Glacial retreat, the Rødefjord stages. - Glacial readvance. - Climatic implications. - Comparison with other areas. - Pollen analytical investigations. - Field methods. - Lake sediments. - C-14 dates of lake sediments and rates of sedimentation. - Pollen preparation and calculation procedures. - Pollen identification. - Description of sites and pollen diagrams. - Notes on the present vegetation. - Discussion and reconstruction of vegetation types. - Plant immigration and climatic change. - Summary of the vegetation history. - Comparison with other areas. - General notes on the climatic development. - Acknowledgements. - References.
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  • 84
    Call number: AWI A3-12-0018
    In: Atmospheric and oceanographic sciences library, Vol. 43
    Description / Table of Contents: The Arctic is now experiencing some of the most rapid and severe climate change on earth. Over the next 100 years, climate change is expected to accelerate, contributing to major physical, ecological, social, and economic changes, many of which have already begun. Changes in arctic climate will also affect the rest of the world through increased global warming and rising sea levels. The volume addresses the following major topics: research results in observing aspects of the Arctic climate system and its processes across a range of time and space scales; representation of cryospheric, atmospheric, and oceanic processes in models, including simulation of their interaction with coupled models; our understanding of the role of the arctic in the global climate system, its response to large-scale climate variations, and the processes involved.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XIV, 464 Seiten , Illustrationen
    ISBN: 9789400720268
    Series Statement: Atmospheric and oceanographic sciences library 43
    Language: English
    Note: Contents: 1 The origins of ACSYS / Victor Savtchenko. - PART I OBSERVATIONS: 2 Advances in Arctic atmospheric research / James E. Overland and Mark C. Serreze. - 3 Sea-ice observation: advances and challenges / Humfrey Melling. - 4 Observations in the ocean / Bert Rudels, Leif Anderson, Patrick Eriksson, Eberhard Fahrbach, Martin Jakobsson, E. Peter Jones, Humfrey Melling, Simon Prinsenberg, Ursula Schauer, and Tom Yao. - 5 Observed hydrological cycle / Hermann Mächel, Bruno Rudolf, Thomas Maurer, Stefan Hagemann, Reinhard Hagenbrock, Lev Kitaev, Eirik J. Førland, Vjacheslav Rasuvaev, and Ole Einar Tveito. - 6 Interaction with the global climate system / T. A. McClimans, G. V. Alekseev, O. M. Johannessen, and M. W. Miles. - PART II MODELLING: 7 Mesoscale modelling of the Arctic atmospheric boundary layer and its interaction with sea ice / Christof Lüpkes, Timo Vihma, Gerit Birnbaum, Silke Dierer, Thomas Garbrecht, Vladimir M. Gryanik, Micha Gryschka, Jörg Hartmann, Günther Heinemann, Lars Kaleschke, Siegfried Raasch, Hannu Savijärvi, K. Heinke Schlünzen, and Ulrike Wacker. - 8 Arctic regional climate models / K. Dethloff, A. Rinke, A. Lynch, W. Dorn, S. Saha, and D. Handorf. - 9 Progress in hydrological modeling over high latitudes: under arctic climate system study (ACSYS) / Dennis P. Lettenmaier and Fengge Su. - 10 Sea-ice-ocean modelling / Rüdiger Gerdes and Peter Lemke. - 11 Global climate models and 20th and 21st century Arctic climate change / Cecilia M. Bitz, Jeff K. Ridley, Marika Holland, and Howard Cattle. - 12 ACSYS: Scientific foundation for the climate and cryosphere (CliC) project / Konrad Steffen, Daqing Yang, Vladimir Ryabinin, and Ghassem Asrar.
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  • 85
    Call number: ZSP-168-640
    In: Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: ii, 192 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    Series Statement: Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung 640
    Language: English
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  • 86
    Call number: AWI G5-12-0041
    In: Tracking environmental change using lake sediments, Volume 5
    In: Developments in paleoenvironmental research, Volume 5
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XVIII, 745 Seiten , Illustrationen
    ISBN: 9789400727441 , 978-94-007-2744-1
    Series Statement: Developments in paleoenvironmental research 5
    Language: English
    Note: Contents: PART I INTRODUCTION, NUMERICAL OVERVIEW, AND DATA-SETS. - 1 The march towards the quantitative analysis of palaeolimnological data. - 2 Overview of numerical metods in Palaeolimnology. - 3 Data-Sets. - PART II NUMERICAL METHODS FOR THE ANALYSIS OF MODERN AND STRATIGRAPHICAL PALAEOLIMNOLOGICAL DATA. - 4 Introduction and overview Part II. - 5 Exploratory data analysis and data display. - Assessment of uncertainities associated with Palaeolimnological laboratory methods and microfossil analysis. - 7 Clustering and partitioning. - 8 From Classical to canonical ordination. - 9 Statistical learning in Palaeolimnology. - PART III NUMERICAL METHODS FOR THE ANALYSIS OF STRATIGRAPHICAL PALAEOLIMNOLOGICAL DATA. - 10 Introduction and overview of Part III. - 11 Analysis of stratigraphical data. - 12 Estimation of age-depth relationships. - 13 Core correlation. - 14 Quantitative environmental reconstructions from biological data. - 15 Analogue methods in Palaeolimnology. - 16 Autocorrelogram and Periodogram analysis of palaeolimnological temporal-series from lakes in Central and Western North America to assess shifts in drought conditions. - PART IV CASE STUDIES AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS IN QUANTITATIVE PALAEOLIMNOLOGY. - 17 Introduction and overview of Part IV. - 18 Limnological responses to environmental changes at Inter-annual to decadal time-scales. - 19 Human impacts: applications of numerical methods to evaluate surface-water acidification and eutrophication. - 20 Tracking Holocene climatic change with aquatic biota from lake sediments: case studies of commonly used numerical techniques. - 21 Conclusions and future challenges. - Glossary. - Index.
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  • 87
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Call number: AWI A5-12-0038
    Description / Table of Contents: Murry Salby's new book provides an integrated treatment of the processes controlling the Earth-atmosphere system developed from first principles through a balance of theory and applications. This book builds on Salby's previous book Fundamentals of Atmospheric Physics. The scope has been expanded to include climate, while streamlining the presentation for undergraduates in scinece, mathematics, and engineering. Advanced material, suitable for graduate students and researchers, has been retained but distingushed from the basic development. The book offers a conceptual yet quantitative understanding of the controlling influences integrated through theory and major applications. It leads readers through a methodical development of the diverse physical processes that shape weather, global energetics, and climate. End-of-chapter problems of varying difficulty develop student knowledge and ist quanitative application, supported by answers and detailed solutions online for instructors.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XIX, 666 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Edition: First published 2012, 2nd edition
    ISBN: 9780521767187 , 978-0-521-76718-7
    Language: English
    Note: Contents Preface Prelude 1 The Earth-atmosphere system 1.1 Introduction 1.1.1 Descriptions of atmospheric behavior 1.1.2 Mechanisms influencing atmospheric behavior 1.2 Composition and structure 1.2.1 Description of air 1.2.2 Stratification of mass 1.2.3 Thermal and dynamical structure 1.2.4 Trace constituents 1.2.5 Cloud 1.3 Radiative equilibrium of the Earth 1.4 The global energy budget 1.4.1 Global-mean energy balance 1.4.2 Horizontal distribution of radiative transfer 1.5 The general circulation 1.6 Historical perspective: Global-mean temperature 1.6.1 The instrumental record 1.6.2 Proxy records Suggested references Problems 2 Thermodynamics of gases 2.1 Thermodynamic concepts 2.1.1 Thermodynamic properties 2.1.2 Expansion work 2.1.3 Heat transfer 2.1.4 State variables and thermodynamic processes 2.2 The First Law 2.2.1 Internal energy 2.2.2 Diabatic changes of state 2.3 Heat capacity 2.4 Adiabatic processes 2.4.1 Potential temperature 2.4.2 Thermodynamic behavior accompanying vertical motion 2.5 Diabatic processes 2.5.1 Polytropic processes Suggested references Problems 3 The Second Law and its implications 3.1 Natural and reversible processes 3.1.1 The Carnot cycle 3.2 Entropy and the Second Law 3.3 Restricted forms of the Second Law 3.4 The fundamental relations 3.4.1 The Maxwell Relations 3.4.2 Noncompensated heat transfer 3.5 Conditions for thermodynamic equilibrium 3.6 Relationship of entropy to potential temperature 3.6.1 Implications for vertical motion Suggested references Problems 4 Heterogeneous systems 4.1 Description of a heterogeneous system 4.2 Chemical equilibrium 4.3 Fundamental relations for a mufti-component system 4.4 Thermodynamic degrees of freedom 4.5 Thermodynamic characteristics of water 4.6 Equilibrium phase transformations 4.6.1 Latent heat 4.6.2 Clausius-Clapeyron Equation Suggested references Problems 5 Transformations of moist air 5.1 Description of moist air 5.1.1 Properties of the gas phase 5.1.2 Saturation properties 5.2 Implications for the distribution of water vapor 5.3 State variables of the two-component system 5.3.1 Unsaturated behavior 5.3.2 Saturated behavior 5.4 Thermodynamic behavior accompanying vertical motion 5.4.1 Condensation and the release of latent heat 5.4.2 The pseudo-adiabatic process 5.4.3 The Saturated Adiabatic Lapse Rate 5.5 The pseudo-adiabatic chart Suggested references Problems 6 Hydrostatic equilibrium 6.1 Effective gravity 6.2 Geopotential coordinates 6.3 Hydrostatic balance 6.3.1 Hypsometric equation 6.3.2 Meteorological Analyses 6.4 Stratification 6.4.1 Idealized stratification 6.5 Lagrangian interpretation of stratification 6.5.1 Adiabatic stratification: A paradigm of the troposphere 6.5.2 Diabatic stratification: A paradigm of the stratosphere Suggested references Problems 7 Static stability 7.1 Reaction to vertical displacement 7.2 Stability categories 7.2.1 Stability in terms of temperature 7.2.2 Stability in terms of potential temperature 7.2.3 Moisture dependence 7.3 Implications for vertical motion 7.4 Finite displacements 7.4.1 Conditional instability 7.4.2 Entrainment 7.4.3 Potential instability 7.4.4 Modification of stability under unsaturated conditions 7.5 Stabilizing and destabilizing influences 7.6 Turbulent dispersion 7.6.1 Convective mixing 7.6.2 Inversions 7.6.3 Life cycle of the nocturnal inversion 7.7 Relationship to observed thermal structure Suggested references Problems 8 Radiative transfer 8.1 Shortwave and longwave radiation 8.1.1 Spectra of observed SW and LW radiation 8.2 Description of radiative transfer 8.2.1 Radiometric quantities 8.2.2 Absorption 8.2.3 Emission 8.2.4 Scattering 8.2.5 The Equation of Radiative Transfer 8.3 Absorption characteristics of gases 8.3.1 Interaction between radiation and molecules 8.3.2 Line broadening 8.4 Radiative transfer in a plane parallel atmosphere 8.4.1 Transmission function 8.4.2 Two-stream approximation 8.5 Thermal equilibrium 8.5.1 Radiative equilibrium in a gray atmosphere 8.5.2 Radiative-convective equilibrium 8.5.3 Radiative heating 8.6 Thermal relaxation 8.7 The greenhouse effect 8.7.1 Feedback in the climate system 8.7.2 Unchecked feedback 8.7.3 Simulation of climate Suggested references Problems 9 Aerosol and cloud 9.1 Morphology of atmospheric aerosol 9.1.1 Continental aerosol 9.1.2 Marine aerosol 9.1.3 Stratospheric aerosol 9.2 Microphysics of cloud 9.2.1 Droplet growth by condensation 9.2.2 Droplet growth by collision 9.2.3 Growth of ice particles 9.3 Macroscopic characteristics of cloud 9.3.1 Formation and classification of cloud 9.3.2 Microphysical properties of cloud 9.3.3 Cloud dissipation 9.3.4 Cumulus detrainment: Influence on the environment 9.4 Radiative transfer in aerosol and cloud 9.4.1 Scattering by molecules and particles 9.4.2 Radiative transfer in a cloudy atmosphere 9.5 Roles of cloud and aerosol in climate 9.5.1 Involvement in the global energy budget 9.5.2 Involvement in chemical processes Suggested references Problems 10 Atmospheric motion 10.1 Description of atmospheric motion 10.2 Kinematics of fluid motion 10.3 The material derivative 10.4 Reynolds'transport theorem 10.5 Conservation of mass 10.6 The momentum budget 10.6.1 Cauchy's Equations of Motion 10.6.2 Momentum equations in a rotating reference frame 1 0.7 The first law of thermodynamics Suggested references Problems 11 Atmospheric equations of motion 11.1 Curvilinear coordinates 11.2 Spherical coordinates 11.2.1 The traditional approximation 11.3 Special forms of motion 11.4 Prevailing balances 11.4.1 Motion-related stratification 11.4.2 Scale analysis 11.5 Thermodynamic coordinates 11.5.1 Isobaric coordinates 11.5.2 Log-pressure coordinates 11.5.3 Isentropic coordinates Suggested references Problems 12 Large-scale motion 12.1 Ceostrophic equilibrium 12.1.1 Motion on an f plane 1 2.2 Vertical shear of the geostrophic wind 12.2.1 Classes of stratification 12.2.2 Thermal wind balance 12.3 Frictional geostrophic motion 1 2.4 Curvilinear motion 12.4.1 Inertial motion 12.4.2 Cyclostrophic motion 12.4.3 Gradient motion 12.5 Weakly divergent motion 12.5.1 Barotropic nondivergent motion 12.5.2 Vorticity budget under baroclinic stratification 12.5.3 Quasi-geostrophic motion Suggested references Problems 13 The planetary boundary layer 13.1 Description of turbulence 13.1.1 Reynolds decomposition 13.1.2 Turbulent diffusion 13.2 Structure of the boundary layer 13.2.1 The Ekman Layer 13.2.2 The surface layer 1 3.3 Influence of stratification 1 3.4 Ekman pumping Suggested references Problems 14 Wave propagation 14.1 Description of wave propagation 14.1.1 Surface water waves 14.1.2 Fourier synthesis 14.1.3 Limiting behavior 14.1.4 Wave dispersion 14.2 Acoustic waves 14.3 Buoyancy waves 14.3.1 Shortwave limit 14.3.2 Propagation of gravity waves in an inhomogeneous medium 14.3.3 The WKB approximation 14.3.4 Method of geometric optics 1 4.4 The Lamb wave 14.5 Rossby waves 14.5.1 Barotropic nondivergent Rossby waves 14.5.2 Rossby wave propagation in three dimensions 14.5.3 Planetary wave propagation in sheared mean flow 14.5.4 Transmission of planetary wave activity 14.6 Wave absorption 14.7 Nonlinear considerations Suggested references Problems 15 The general circulation 15.1 Forms of atmospheric energy 15.1.1 Moist static energy 15.1.2 Total potential energy 15.1.3 Available potential energy 1 5.2 Heat transfer in a zonally symmetric circulation 1 5.3 Heat transfer in a laboratory analogue 1 5.4 Quasi-permanent features 15.4.1 Thermal properties of the Earth's surface 1 5.4.2 Surface pressure and wind systems 1 5.4.3 Tropical circulations 15.5 Fluctuations of the circulation 15.5.1 Interannual changes 15.5.2 Intraseasonal variations Suggested references Problems 16 Dynamic stability 16.1 Inertial instability 16.2 Shear instability 16.2.1 Necessary conditions for instability 16.2.2
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  • 88
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    New York : Apress
    Call number: AWI S2-12-0083
    Description / Table of Contents: Beginning R: An Introduction to Statistical Programming shows you how to use this open-source language and take advantage of its extensive statistical and graphing capabilities. Indeed, R has become the de facto standard for doing, teaching, and learning computational statistics. With this book, you'll learn the language by using it right from the start - an approach giving valuable, firsthand experience. Author and expert R programmer Larry Pace guides you through a wide range of projects, teaching you best practices and offering clear explanations of the statistics involved and how they are applied. You'll see how to: acquire and install R; import and export data and scripts; generate basic statistics and graphics; write custom functions in the R language; explore different statistical interpretations of your data; implement simulations and other advanced techniques.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: xxiv, 310 Seiten , Illustrationen
    ISBN: 9781430245544
    Series Statement: The expert's voice in programming
    Language: English
    Note: Contents: About the author. - About the technical reviewer. - Acknowledgments. - Introduction. - Chapter 1: Getting R and getting started. - Chapter 2: Programming in R. - Chapter 3: Writing reusable functions. - Chapter 4: Summary statistics. - Chapter 5: Creating Tables and graphs. - Chapter 6: Discrete probability distributions. - Chapter 7: Computing normal probabilities. - Chapter 8: Creating confidence intervals. - Chapter 9: Performing t tests. - Chapter 10: One-way analysis of variance. - Chapter 11: Advanced analysis of variance. - Chapter 12: Correlation and regression. - Chapter 13: Multiple regression. - Chapter 14: Logistic regression. - Chapter 15: Chi-square tests. - Chapter 16: Nonparametric tests. - Chapter 17: Using R for simulation. - Chapter 18: The 'new' statistics: resampling and bootstrapping. - Chapter 19: Making an R package. - Chapter 20: The R commander package. - Index
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  • 89
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Berlin : Springer
    Call number: AWI G3-13-0054
    Description / Table of Contents: Permafrost hydrology systematically elucidates the roles of seasonally and perennially frozen ground on the distribution, storage and flow of water. Cold regions of the world are subject to mounting development which significantly affects the physical environment. Climate change, natural or human-induced, reinforces the impacts. Knowledge of surface and ground water processes operating in permafrost terrain is fundamental to planning, management and conservation. This book is an indispensable reference for libraries and researchers, an information source for practitioners, and a valuable text for training the next generations of cold region scientists and engineers.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XII, 563 Seiten , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten (teilweise farbig)
    ISBN: 9783642234613
    Language: English
    Note: Contents: 1 Introduction. - 1.1 The world cold regions. - 1.2 Water in frozen soils. - 1.3 Permafrost. - 1.3.1 Definitions. - 1.3.2. Distribution. - 1.3.3. Factors influencing permafrost occurence. - 1.4 Permafrost and hydrology. - 1.4.1 Permafrost hydrology. - 1.4.2 Hydrologic behavior of seasonal frost and permafrost. - 1.5 Environments of permafrost regions. - 1.5.1 Hydroclimatology. - 1.5.2 Geology. - 1.5.3 Glaciation. - 1.5.4 Physiography. - 1.5.5 Vegetation. - 1.5.6 Peat cover. - 1.6 Presentation of the book. - 2 Moisture and heat. - 2.1 Precipitation. - 2.1.1 General pattern. - 2.1.2 Cyclones. - 2.1.3 Recycling. - 2.1.4 Trace precipitation. - 2.2 Surface energy balance. - 2.3 Evaporation. - 2.3.1 Eddy Fluctuation Method. - 2.3.2 Aerodynamic method. - 2.3.3 Bowen Ratio Method. - 2.3.4 Priestley and Taylor Method. - 2.4 Energy balance of the active layer. - 2.4.1 Energy Balance. - 2.4.2 Thermal conductivity and heat capacity. - 2.5 Ground temperature. - 2.5.1 Penetration of temperature waves. - 2.5.2 Frost table development. - 2.6 Heat and moisture flows in frozen soils. - 2.6.1 Stefan's Algorithm. - 2.6.2 Near-Surface ground temperature. - 2.6.3 Moisture migration and ice lens formation. - 2.7 Ground ice. - 2.7.1 Types of ground ice. - 2.7.2 Excess ice. - 3 Groundwater. - 3.1 Groundwater occurence in permafrost. - 3.1.1 Suprapermafrost groundwater. - 3.1.2 Intrapermafrost groundwater. - 3.1.3 Subpermafrost groundwater. - 3.2 Groundwater recharge and circulation. - 3.2.1 Recharge. - 3.2.2 Groundwater movement. - 3.3 Groundwater discharge. - 3.3.1 Seeps. - 3.3.2 Springs. - 3.3.3 Baseflow. - 3.3.4 Ponds and lakes. - 3.4 Icings. - 3.4.1 Ground and spring icings. - 3.4.2 River icings. - 3.4.3 Icing dimension. - 3.4.4 Icing problems. - 3.5 Domed ice features. - 3.5.1 Frost mounds and icing mounds. - 3.5.2 Pingos. - References. - 4 Snow cover. - 4.1 Snow accumulation. - 4.1.1 Winter precipitation. - 4.1.2 Blowing snow. - 4.1.3 Terrain heterogeneity. - 4.1.4 Vegetation cover. - 4.2 Characteristics of the snow cover. - 4.2.1 Snow temperature and insulation. - 4.2.2 Snow metamorphism. - 4.2.3 Snow stratigraphy. - 4.3 Snowmelt processes. - 4.3.1 Radiation melt. - 4.3.2 Turbulent fluxes melt. - 4.3.3 Other melt terms. - 4.4 Snowmelt in permafrost areas. - 4.4.1 Tundra and Barren areas. - 4.4.2 Dirty snow. - 4.4.3 Shrub fields. - 4.4.4 Forests. - 4.5 Meltwater movement in snow. - 4.5.1 Dry snow. - 4.5.2 Wet snow. - References. - 5 Active layer dynamics. - 5.1 Freeze-back and winter periods. - 5.1.1 Snow cover and ground freezing. - 5.1.2 Moisture flux and ice formation. - 5.1.3 Vapor flux from soil to snow. - 5.2 Snowmelt period. - 5.2.1 Snowmelt and basal ice. - 5.2.2 Infiltration into frozen soil. - 5.2.3 Soil warming. - 5.2.4 Surface saturation, evaporation and runoff. - 5.3 Summer. - 5.3.1 Active layer thaw. - 5.3.2 Summer precipitation. - 5.3.3 Evaporation. - 5.3.4 Rainwater infiltration. - 5.3.5 Soil moisture. - 5.3.6 Groundwater. - References. - 6 Slope processes. - 6.1 Flow paths. - 6.1.1 Flow paths in snow. - 6.1.2 Surface and subsurface flows. - 6.1.3 Flow in bedrock areas. - 6.1.4 Flow in unconsolidated materials. - 6.2 Water sources. - 6.3 Factors influencing slope runoff generation. - 6.3.1 Microclimatic control. - 6.3.2 Topographic influence. - 6.3.3 Importance of the Frost table. - 6.3.4 Roles of organic materials. - 6.3.5 Bedrock control. - 6.4 Basin slopes in permafrost regions. - 6.4.1 High Arctic slopes. - 6.4.2 Low Arctic slopes. - 6.4.3 Subarctic slopes. - 6.4.4 Alpine permafrost zones. - 6.4.5 Precambrian bedrock terrain. - 6.5 Concepts for basin flow generation. - 6.5.1 Variable source area and fill-and-spill concepts. - 6.5.2 Heterogenous slopes. - References. - 7 Cold lakes. - 7.1 Types of lake. - 7.2 Lake ice. - 7.2.1 Lake ice regime. - 7.2.2 Ice formation and growth. - 7.2.3 Ice decay. - 7.3 Lake circulation. - 7.4 Hydrologic inputs. - 7.5 Lake evaporation. - 7.6 Lake outflow. - 7.6.1 Outflow conditions. - 7.6.2 Fill-and-Spill concept and lake outflow. - 7.7 Lake level. - 7.8 Large lakes. - 7.9 Permafrost and lakes. - References. - 8 Northern wetlands. - 8.1 Wetlands in permafrost regions. - 8.2 Factors favoring wetland occurence. - 8.2.1 Climate. - 8.2.2 Topography. - 8.2.3 Stratigraphy. - 8.2.4 Other factors. - 8.3 Hydrogeomorphic features in wetlands. - 8.3.1 Bog-related features. - 8.3.2 Fen-related features. - 8.3.3 Marshes and swamps. - 8.3.4 Shallow water bodies. - 8.4 Hydrologic behavior of wetlands. - 8.4.1 Seasonality of hydrologic activities. - 8.4.2 Wetland storage. - 8.4.3 Flow paths. - 8.4.4 Application of Fill-and-Spill concept. - 8.5 Patchy arctic wetlands. - 8.5.1 Wetlands maintained by snowmelt. - 8.5.2 Groundwater-fed wetlands. - 8.5.3 Valley bottom fens. - 8.5.4 Wetlands due to lateral inundation. - 8.5.5 Tundra ponds. - 8.5.6 Lake-fed and lake-bed wetlands. - 8.6 Extensive wetlands. - 8.6.1 Wet terrain. - 8.6.2 Ice-wedge polygon fields. - 8.6.3 Coastal plains. - 8.6.4 Deltas. - 8.6.5 Subarctic continental wetlands. - 8.7 Wetlands, permafrost and disturbances. - References. - 9 Rivers in cold regions. - 9.1 Drainage patterns. - 9.2 In-valley conditions. - 9.2.1 Geological setting for channels. - 9.2.2 River ice. - 9.2.3 River icing. - 9.2.4 In-channel snow. - 9.2.5 Permafrost. - 9.2.6 Alluvial environment. - 9.3 In-channel hydrology. - 9.3.1 Lateral inflow. - 9.3.2 Channel inflow. - 9.3.3 Vertical water exchanges. - 9.3.4 Storage in channels. - 9.4 Flow connectivity and delivery. - 9.4.1 Flow network integration. - 9.4.2 Decoupling of flow network. - 9.4.3 Flow delivery. - References. - 10 Basin hydrology. - 10.1 Basin outflow generation. - 10.1.1 The roles of snow. - 10.1.2 Meltwater from glaciers. - 10.1.3 Rainfall contribution. - 10.1.4 Groundwater supply. - 10.1.5 Evaporation losses. - 10.1.6 Permafrost effects. - 10.1.7 Consequences of basin storage. - 10.2 Streamflow hydrograph. - 10.3 Streamflow regimes. - 10.3.1 Nival regime. - 10.3.2 Proglacial regime. - 10.3.3 Pluvial regime. - 10.3.4 Spring-fed Regime. - 10.3.5 Prolacustrine regime. - 10.3.6 Wetland regime. - 10.4 Streamflow in large basins. - 10.4.1 Scaling up to large rivers. - 10.4.2 Flow generation in a large basin: the Liard river. - 10.4.3 Regulated discharge of large rivers. - 10.4.4 Flow in a sub-continental scale basin: Mackenzie basin. - 10.5 Basin water balance. - 10.5.1 Considerations in water balance investigation. - 10.5.2 Regional tendencies. - 10.5.3 Examples from permafrost environments. - 10.6 Permafrost basin hydrology: general remarks. - References. - Appendices. - Index.
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  • 90
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Hamburg : Deutscher Wetterdienst, Seewetteramt
    Associated volumes
    Call number: AWI A19-96-0477 ; MOP Per 278(96)
    In: Einzelveröffentlichungen / Deutscher Wetterdienst, Seewetteramt Hamburg, Nr. 96
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 128 Seiten
    ISSN: 0072-1603
    Series Statement: Einzelveröffentlichungen / Deutscher Wetterdienst, Seewetteramt Hamburg 96
    Language: German
    Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis: Die Unternehmen "Sachsen" 1940 und 1942 Unternehmen "Knospe" Spitzbergen 1941/42 Unternehmen "Nussbaum" Spitzbergen 1942/43 Unternehmen "Holzauge" Ostgrönland 1942/43 Unternehmen "Kreuzritter" Spitzbergen 1943/44 Unternehmen "Bassgeiger" Ostgrönland 1943/44 Unternehmen "Schatzgräber" Franz-Joseph-Land 1943/44 Unternehmen "Edelweiss" Ostgrönland 1944 Unternehmen "Edelweiss II" Ostgrönland 1944 Unternehmen "Haudegen" Spitzbergen 1944/45 Literaturverzeichnis Karte der Einsatzorte der Unternehmen
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  • 91
    Call number: AWI G5-98-0371
    In: SEPM short course, No. 10
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: Getrennte Zählung , Illustrationen , 30 cm
    Series Statement: SEPM short course 10
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS: Introduction / Michael A. Arthur. - Chapter 1: Stable isotopes of oxygen and carbon and their application to sedimentologic and paleoenvironmental problems / Thomas F. Anderson and Michael A. Arthur. - Chapter 2: Stable isotopes of sulfur, nitrogen and deuterium in recent marine environments / Ian R. Kaplan. - Chapter 3: Chemical diagenesis of carbonates: theory and application of trace element technique / Ján Veizer. - Chapter 4: The application of stable isotopes to studies of the origin of dolomite and to problems of diagenesis of clastic sediments / Lynton S. Land. - Bibliography.
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  • 92
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Bremerhaven : Alfred-Wegener-Inst. für Polar- und Meeresforschung
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-168-11
    In: Berichte zur Polarforschung
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 40 S. : Kt.
    Series Statement: Berichte zur Polarforschung 11
    Language: English
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  • 93
    Call number: ZSP-168-15
    In: Berichte zur Polarforschung
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 59 S. : Kt.
    Series Statement: Berichte zur Polarforschung 15
    Language: English
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  • 94
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    San Diego : Academic Press
    Call number: AWI A5-96-0587
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 467 Seiten , Illustrationen
    ISBN: 0127329501
    Language: English
    Note: Contents Preface Units and Numerical Values Chapter 1 A BRIEF SURVEY OF THE ATMOSPHERE 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Origin and Composition of the Atmosphere 1.3 The Distribution of Atmospheric Mass and Gaseous Constituents 1.4 Charged Particles in the Atmosphere 1.5 The Temperature Distribution 1.6 Winds in the Earth's Atmosphere 1.7 Precipitation Problems Chapter 2 ATMOSPHERIC THERMODYNAMICS 2.1 The Gas Laws 2.2 The Hydrostatic Equation and Its Applications 2.3 The First Law of Thermodynamics 2.4 Latent Heats 2.5 Adiabatic Processes 2.6 Water Vapor in the Air 2.7 The Concept of Static Stability 2.8 The Second Law of Thermodynamics and Entropy 2.9 Thermodynamic Functions and Equilibrium Conditions Problems Chapter 3 EXTRATROPICAL SYNOPTIC-SCALE DISTURBANCES 3.1 The 500-mb Flow 3.2 Surface Weather Elements 3.3 Interpretation of Synoptic Surface Reports 3.4 Upper Level Structure 3.5 Thickness and Its Relationship to Vertical Structure Problems Chapter 4 ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOL AND CLOUD MICROPHYSICAL PROCESSES 4.1 Atmospheric Aerosol 4.2 Nucleation of Water Vapor Condensation 4.3 The Microstructure of Warm Clouds 4.4 Growth of Cloud Droplets in Warm Clouds 4.5 The Microphysics of Cold Clouds 4.6 Thunderstorms Problems Chapter 5 CLOUDS AND STORMS 5.1 Cloud Morphology 5.2 The Air-Mass Thunderstorm 5.3 Severe Storms 5.4 Hurricanes 5.5 Extratropical Cyclonic Storms 5.6 Artificial Modification of Clouds and Precipitation Problems Chapter 6 RADIATIVE TRANSFER 6.1 The Spectrum of Radiation 6.2 Absorption and Emission of Radiation by Molecules 6.3 Quantitative Description of Radiation 6.4 Blackbody Radiation 6.5 Absorptivity and Emissivity 6.6 Atmospheric Absorption of Solar Radiation 6.7 Atmospheric Absorption and Emission of lnfrared Radiation 6.8 Scattering of Solar Radiation 6.9 The Role of Radiative Transfer in the Global Energy Balance Problems Chapter 7 THE GLOBAL ENERGY BALANCE 7.1 The Globally Averaged Atmospheric Energy Balance 7.2 The Energy Balance of the Upper Atmosphere 7.3 The Tropospheric Energy Balance 7.4 The Energy Balance at the Earth's Surface 7.5 Time Variations in the Energy Balance Problems Chapter 8 ATMOSPHERIC DYNAMICS 8.1 Coordinate Systems 8.2 Apparent Forces in a Rotating Coordinate System 8.3 Real Forces 8.4 The Horizontal Equation of Motion 8.5 The Vertical Equation of Motion 8.6 The Thermal Wind 8.7 The Thermodynamic Energy Equation 8.8 The Continuity Equation 8.9 The Primitive Equations Problems Chapter 9 THE GENERAL CIR CU LA TION 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Thermally Driven Circulations in the Absence of Rotation 9.3 The Influence of Planetary Rotation upon Thermally Driven Circulations 9.4 Thermally Driven Circulations in the Tropics 9.5 Baroclinic Disturbances 9.6 The Dissipation of Kinetic Energy 9.7 The Kinetic Energy Cycle 9.8 The Role of the Atmospheric General Circulation in the Hydrologic Cycle 9.9 The Atmospheric Transport of Energy 9.10 The Atmosphere as a Heat Engine Problems Index
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  • 95
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Bremerhaven : Alfred-Wegener-Inst. für Polar- und Meeresforschung
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-168-10
    In: Berichte zur Polarforschung
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 74 S. : graph. Darst., Kt.
    Series Statement: Berichte zur Polarforschung 10
    Language: German
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  • 96
    Call number: AWI A6-92-0306 ; MOP 46247 / Mitte
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XVII, 477 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Edition: second editon
    ISBN: 0471059714
    Language: English
    Note: Contents: Abbreviations. - Partial List of Symbols. - 1 THE GOVERNING EQUATIONS. - 1-1 Introduction. - 1-2 Equation of Motion. - 1-3 Continuity Equation. - 1-4. - Equation of State. - 1-5 First Law of Thermodynamics. - 1-6 The Complete System of Equations. - 1-7 Coordinate Systems. - 1-8 Map Projections. - 1-8-1 Polar Stereographic Projection. - 1-8-2 Mercator Projection. - 1-8-3 Lambert Conformal Projection. - 1-8-4 Additional Remarks. - 1-9 Alternate Vertical Coordinates. - 1-9-1 Pressure Vertical Coordinate. - 1-9-2 Isentropic Vertical Coordinate Θ. - 1-10 Some Energy Relations. - 1-10-1 Kinetic Energy. - 1-10-2 Potential Energy. - 1-11 Available Potential Energy. - 1-12 Vorticity and Divergence Equations. - 1-12-1 Divergence Equations. - 2 WAVE MOTION IN THE ATMOSPHERE: PART 1. - 2-1 Introduction. - 2-2 Linearized Equations. - 2-3 Pure Sound Waves. - 2-4 Sound Waves and Internal Gravity Waves. - 2-5 Surface Gravity Waves. - 2-6 Inertial Gravity Waves and Rossby Waves. - 2-7 Response to Initial Conditions. - 2-8 Geostrophic Adiustment. - 3 SCALE ANALYSIS. - 3-1 Introduction. - 3-2 Shallow-Water Equations. - 3-3 Baroclinic Equations. - 3-4 Midlatitude Analysis. - 3-5 Tropics. - 3-6 Planetary Scale. - 3-7 Balance System. - 4 ATMOSPHERIC WAVES: PART. - 4-1 Introduction. - 4-2 Rossby Waves. - 4-3 Conditions for Barotropic Instability. - 4-4 Some Unstable Profiles. - 4-5 Linear Shear. - 4-6 Barotropic Effects in the Atmosphere. - 4-7 Baroclinic Instability. - 4-8 Baroclinic Instability with Linear Shear. - 4-9 Two-Level Model. - 4-10 Wave Structure. - 4-11 Vertical Energy Propagation. - 4-12 Barotropic Equatorial Waves. - 4-13 Vertical Structure of Equatorial Waves. - 5 NUMERICAL METHODS. - 5-1 Introduction. - 5-2 Finite Difference Methods. - 5-3 The Advection Equation. - 5-4 Some Basic Concepts. - 5-5 Stability Analysis. - 5-5-1 The Matrix Method. - 5-5-2 Von Neumann Method. - 5-5-3 The Energy Method. - 5-6 Examples of the Von Neumann Method. - 5-6-1 Euler Scheme. - 5-6-2 Uncentered Differencing, Von Neumann Method. - 5-6-3 Trapezoidal Implicit Scheme. - 5-6-4 Euler Backward Scheme. - 5-6-5 Fourth-Order Space Differencing. - 5-6-6 Oscillation Equation. - 5-6-7 Two-Dimensional Advection Equation. - 5-6-8 External Gravity Waves, Leapfrog Scheme. - 5-6-9 Staggered Grid. - 5-7 Forward-Backward Scheme, Pressure Averaging, and Semi-Implicit Methods. - 5-7-1 Forward-Backward Scheme. - 5-7-2 Pressure Averaging. - 5-7-3 Time Averaging. - 5-7-4 Semi-Implicit Method. - 5-7-5 Lax Wendroff Scheme. - 5-8 A Summary of Some Difference Schemes. - 5-9 Parabolic Equations. - 5-10 Elliptic Equations. - 5-10-1 Relaxation Method. - 5-10-2 Direct Methods. - 5-10-3 Gaussian Elimination. - 5-10-4 Buneman Variant. - 5-10-5 Helmholtz Equation on a Sphere. - 5-10-6 Reduction of a Three-Dimensional Elliptic Equation to Two-Dimensional Equations. - 5-11 Nonlinear Instability and Aliasing. - 5-11-1 Discrete Mesh. - 5-11-2 Primitive Equations Considerations. - 6 GALERKIN METHODS. - 6-1 Introduction. - 6-2 Example with Spectral and Finite Element Methods. - 6-3 Time Dependence. - 6-4 Barotropic Vorticity Equation with Fourier Basis Functions. - 6-5 Transform Method. - 6-6 Spectral Model of Shallow-Water Equations. - 6-7 Advection Equation with Finite Elements. - 6-8 Barotropic Vorticity Equation with Finite Elements. - 7 NUMERICAL PREDICTION MODELS. - 7-1 Filtered Models. - 7-1-1 Quasi-Geostrophic Equivalent Barotropic Model. - 7-1-1-1 Energetics of the Barotropic Model. - 7-1-2 Quasi-Geostrophic Multilevel Baroclinic Model. - 7-1-3 Linear Balanced Model. - 7-1-4 Nonlinear Balanced Model. - 7-2 Primitive Equation Models. - 7-2-1 Constraints from Continuous Equations. - 7-2-2 Vertical Differencing. - 7-3 Staggered Grid Systems. - 7-4 Example of a Staggered Primitive Equation Model. - 7-4-1 Equations in Curvilinear Coordinates. - 7-4-2 Horizontal Differencing. - 7-4-3 Energy Conservation. - 7-5 Potential Enstrophy Conserving Scheme. - 7-5-1 Continuous Integral Constraints. - 7-5-2 Difference Equations. - 7-5-3 Constraints Enforced. - 7-6 Spherical Grids. - 7-7 Fine Mesh Modeling. - 7-7-1 One-Way Influence. - 7-7-2 Boundary Conditions. - 7-7-3 Two-Way Interaction. - 7-7-4 Initialization on a Bounded Region. - 7-8 Baroclinic Spectral Models. - 7-9 Isentropic Coordinate Models. - 7-10 Upper Boundary Conditions. - 7-11 Mountain Effects. - 8 BOUNDARY LAYER REPRESENTATIONS. - 8-1 Introduction. - 8-2 Reynolds Equations. - 8-3 Bulk Formulas. - 8-4 Eddy Viscosity, K-Theory. - 8-5 Combined Prandtl and Ekman Layers. - 8-5-1 Prandtl Layer (Neutral Stratification). - 8-5-2 Ekman Layer. - 8-6 Nonneutral Surface Layer. - 8-6-1 Matching Ekman Spiral. - 8-7 Similarity Solutions for the Entire PBL. - 8-7-1 Deardorff Mixed Layer Model. - 8-7-2 Surface Layer. - 8-7-3 Matching Solutions for the Surface and Mixed Layers. - 8-7-4 Surface Wind Direction. - 8-7-5 Modified Transfer Coefficients. - 8-8 A Prediction Equation for h. - 8-8-1 Further Comments on PBL Parameterization. - 8-9 High-Resolution Model. - 8-9-1 The Coefficient of Eddy Viscosity. - 8-9-2 Surface Temperature. - 8-9-3 Some Prediction Model Details. - 8-10 Mean Turbulent Field Closure Models (Second-Order Closure). - 9 INCLUSION OF MOISTURE. - 9-1 Moisture Conservation Equation. - 9-1-1 Modified Thermodynamic Equation. - 9-1-2 Equivalent Potential Temperature and Static Energy. - 9-2 Convective Adjustment. - 9-2-1 Case A. Dry Convection, q 〈 qs. - 9-2-2 Case B. Moist Adjustment q ≥ qs. - 9-3 Modeling Cloud Processes. - 9-3-1 Nonconvective Condensation. - 9-4 Cumulus Parameterization. - 9-4-1 Introduction. - 9-4-2 Kuo Method. - 9-5 Parameterizations Involving Cloud Models. - 9-6 Arakawa and Schubert Model. - 9-6-1 Large-Scale Budget Equations. - 9-6-2 Cloud Budget Equations. - 10 RADIATION PARAMETERIZATION. - 10-1 Terrestrial Radiation. - 10-2 Absorbing Substances. - 10-3 Simplified Transmission Functions. - 10-4 Discretization, Long-Wave Radiation. - 10-4-1 Clear Sky. - 10-4-2 Cloudy Sky. - 10-5 Solar Radiation. - 10-5-1 Clear Sky. - 10-5-2 Cloudy Sky, One Cloud Layer. - 10-5-3 Two Contiguous Cloud Layers. - 10-5-4 Two Separated Cloud Layers. - 10-6 Miscellany. - 11 OBJECTIVE ANALYSIS AND INITIALIZATION. - 11-1 Introduction. - 11-2 A Three-Dimensional Analysis. - 11-3 Statistical Methods, Multivariate Analysis. - 11-4 Initialization. - 11-4-1 Introduction. - 11-4-2 Damping Techniques. - 11-4-3 Static Initialization. - 11-4-4 Variational Method. - 11-4-5 Normal Mode Expansions. - 11-4-6 Variational Normal Mode Initialization. - 11-5 Dynamic Balancing. - 11-6 Four-Dimensional Data Assimilation. - 11-7 Newtonian Relaxation or "Nudging". - 11-8 Smoothing and Filtering. - 11-8-1 Two-Dimensional Smoothers. - 11-8-2 Bandpass Filters. - 11-8-3 Boundary Effects. - 12 OCEAN DYNAMICS AND MODELING. - 12-1 Introduction. - 12-2 Wind-Driven Barotropic Models. - 12-3 Nonlinear Effects. - 12-4 Barotropic Numerical Models. - 12-5 Simple Thermohaline Models. - 12-6 Baroclinic Numerical Models. - 12-7 Bottom Topography Effects. - 12-8 Synoptic Scale Eddies. - 12-9 Mixed Layer Models. - 12-10 Problems in Ocean Modeling. - 13 WEATHER AND CLIMATE PREDICTION. - 13-1 Introduction. - 13-2 Current Forecasting Skill. - 13-2-1 Short Range. - 13-2-2 Medium and Longer Ranges. - 13-2-3 Additional Comments on Forecasting. - 13-3 Predictability of the Atmosphere. - 13-4 Statistical-Dynamical Prediction. - 13-4-1 Simple Empirical Corrections. - 13-4-2 Stochastic-Dynamical Prediction. - 13-5 Climate and Climate Prediction. - Appendix Mathematical Relations. - References. - Index.
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  • 97
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Braunschweig : Vieweg
    Associated volumes
    Call number: AWI A7-94-0333
    In: Die Wissenschaft, Band 78
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XVI, 435 S. : 181 Abb. ; 22 cm
    Edition: 2., völlig umgearb. Aufl.
    Series Statement: Die Wissenschaft 78
    Language: German
    Note: Inhalt: Vorwort zur 1. Auflage. - Vorwort zur 2. Auflage. - Grundkapitel: Das Mikroklima und die Mikroklimaforschung. - Die bodennahe Störungszone. Großklima oder Makroklima. Das Klima der bodennahen Luftschicht. Pflanzenklima gegenüber Menschenklima. Mikroklima. Definitionen. Geschichte der Mikroklimatologie. Stellung zu den Nachbarwissenschaften. - ERSTER TEIL: VOM MIKROKLIMA, DAS IN DER BODENNAHEN LUFTSCHICHT DURCH DIE NÄHE DER BODENOBERFLÄCHE ENTSTEHT. - I. Abschnitt: Der Wärmeumsatz in der bodennahen Luftschicht. - 1. Kapitel: Der Wärmeumsatz an der Bodenoberfläche um Mittag. Der Einstrahlungstypus. - Verwertung der Sonnenstrahlung. Bedeutung der Bodenoberfläche. Vollstrählung und Horizontalstrahlung. Strahlung im Gebirge. Wärmeumsatz um Mittag. Der Einstrahlungstypus. Die großen Temperaturgradienten und die Staubhosenbildung. - 2. Kapitel: Der Wärmeumsatz an der Bodenoberfläche bei Nacht. Der Ausstrahlungstypus. - Ausstrahlung, Gegenstrahlung, effektive Ausstrahlung. Bewölkungseinfluß. Strahlung nach verschiedenen Himmelsrichtungen. Ausstrahlung in Mulden, Furchen und Tälern. Ausstrahlung im Gebirge. Der Wärmeumsatz bei Nacht. Der Ausstrahlungstypus. - 3. Kapitel: Die echte Wärmeleitung. Der normale Temperaturverlauf im Boden. - Überblick über die vier Formen der Wärmeübertragung. Gesetze der Wärmeleitung im Boden. Wärme- und Temperaturleitfähigkeit. Täglicher und jährlicher Temperäturgang im Boden. Witterung und Bodentemperatur. Der Boden als Wärmespeicher. Bodentemperatur im Gebirge. - 4. Kapitel: Der Massenaustausch und seine Bedeutung. - Laminare und turbulente Strömung. Grundgleichung des Austausches. Der Austauschkoeffizient. Seine Änderung mit der Höhe. Die blättrige Struktur der bodennahen Luftschicht. Dynamischer und thermischer Austausch. Beispiele für die Wirkung des Austausches. Samenverbreitung. - 5. Kapitel: Der Strahlungsumsatz in der bodennahen Luftschicht. - Die Luft als Bandenstrahler. Absorptionsbanden des Wasserdampfs und der Kohlensäure. Strahlungsscheinleitung. Wellenlängentransformation am Boden. Ausbildung der nächtlichen Inversion. Langwellige Strahlung bei Tage. - II. Abschnitt: Die Temperaturverhältnisse der bodennahen Luftschicht. - 6. Kapitel: Der Erwärmungsvorgang. - Die bodennahe Grenzschicht. Temperaturen im ersten Millimeter über dem Boden. Der dunkle Streifen. Einleitung des Austausches. Die bodennahe Zwischenschicht und Oberschicht. Aufstrudeln der Heißluft. Temperaturunruhe. Temperaturstreubänder. Abkühlung am Boden durch Umschichtung. Theoretisches. - 7. Kapitel: Der Abkühlungsvorgang. - Stabilität der nächtlichen Temperaturschichtung. Bedeutung des Staubgehalts. Kältekonvektion. Der Vorrang der Strahlungsvorgänge. Minima über der Bodenoberfläche. Typen abendlicher Temperaturverteilung. Aufbau und Zerstörung der nächtlichen Kaltlufthaut. - 8. Kapitel: Der tägliche und jährliche Gang der Temperatur. - Der Wunsch nach statistischem Material. Beobachtungstechnik. Wahre Lufttemperatur und Versuchskörpertemperatur. Vor- und Nachteile beider Methoden. Täglicher und jährlicher Temperaturgang nach Messungen in Europa, Ägypten und Indien. Tagestemperaturschwankung in Bodennähe. Häufigkeit der Frostwechsel. Einfluß der Bewölkung. - 9. Kapitel: Der Temperaturgradient in der bodennahen Luftschicht. - Häufigkeitsverteilung der vorkommenden Gradienten. Täglicher und jährlicher Gang. Vorzeichenwechsel des Gradienten am Morgen und Abend. Einfluß von Wasserdampfgehalt und Bewegung der Luft. Gradienten bei Bodennebel. - III. Abschnitt: Die anderen meteorologischen Elemente in der bodennahen Luftschicht. - 10. Kapitel: Die Feuchtigkeitsverhältnisse. - Rolle der bodennahen Luftschicht im Wasserhaushalt. Der Naßtyp der Feuchtigkeitsverteilung als Normaltyp. Der Trockentyp. Änderung des Dampfdrucks und der relativen Feuchtigkeit mit der Höhe im Tagesgang. Beobachtungen in Deutschland, Finnland und Indien. Zusammenfassung. Feuchtigkeitsschwankung in Bodennähe. Mikroklimatische Methoden der Feuchtigkeitsmessung. - 11. Kapitel: Die Windverhältnisse. - Änderung der Windgeschwindigkeit mit der Höhe. Abhängigkeit von Temperaturgradient und Unterlage. Tagesgang der Windgeschwindigkeit. Häufigkeit der Windstillen am Boden. Transport von Staub und Schnee. Temperaturwirkung des Windes bei Nacht. Inversionszerstörung. Temperaturgradient, Windgradient und Windgeschwindigkeit in ihrer gegenseitigen Verflechtung. Der Sturm tötet das Mikroklima. - 12. Kapitel: Optische, akustische und andere Erscheinungen. - Optische Inhomogenität der bodennahen Luftschicht. Schlierenbildung. Die Luftspiegelung nach unten. Elektrisches Feld. Gehalt an Radiumemanation. Schallausbreitung. - IV. Abschnitt: Der Einfluß der Unterlage auf das bodennahe Klima. - 13. Kapitel: Die Temperaturen der Bodenoberfläche. - Reflexzahl für drei Spektralbereiche und verschiedene Oberflächen. Definition der Oberflächentemperatur. Direkte und indirekte Messung derselben. Quecksilberthermometer, elektrische Thermometer, Bügeleisenmethode, Wachskugelmethode. Temperaturen auf Asphalt. Vergleich mit Schwarzkugeltemperatur. Einfluß der Oberflächehfarbe. Technische Oberflächen. Eisenbahnschienen. Das Auffrieren des Bodens. - 14. Kapitel: Einfluß von Bodenart und Bodenzustand. - Grenzgebiet zur Bodenkunde. Temperaturgang in verschiedenen Bodenarten. Extreme und gemäßigte Mikroklimate. Einfluß der Bodenbearbeitung und der Bodenfeuchtigkeit. Beobachtung der Bodeneigenschaften bei Schneefall, Reifbildung und Glatteis. - 15. Kapitel: Die wassernahe Luftschicht. - Das Wasser als austauschfähiger Boden. Eindringtiefe der Strahlung. Abhängigkeit der Reflexzahl der Wasseroberfläche von der Sonnenhöhe. Temperaturen des Oberflächenwassers im Meere, in Seen und in Tümpeln. Tagestemperaturschwankung über dem Ozean. Die wassernahe Luftschicht über der Ostsee. Messungen in Teich und Schilf. - 16. Kapitel: Die schneenahe Luftschicht. - Reflexzahl der Schneeoberfläche. Lichtklima über Schnee. Strahlungsdurchlässigkeit der Schneedecke. Temperaturen in und über der Schneedecke. Wärmeschutz. Frostfeste, tauende und lückige Schneedecke. Abschmelztrichter und Eisplattenbildung. - 17. Kapitel: Die Luftschicht über einem lebenden Bodenüberzug (Rasendecke). - Einfluß einer Pflanzendecke. Grasminimumthermometer. Schon Kümmerwuchs mildert die hohen Bodentemperaturen. Die Fußringelkrankheit. Vergleich von Rollfeld und Rasenfläche am Flugplatz. Temperaturbeobachtungen in der Rasendecke. - Anhang: Über die quantitative Erfassung des Wärmehaushalts der Bodenoberfiäche. - Bedeutung, Umfang und Geschichte des Problems. Die vier Hauptstücke des Wärmeumsatzes. Messungen bei Schneelage. Wärmeumsatz in den vier Jahreszeiten nach Messungen in Potsdam und Pälkäne. - ZWEITER TEIL: DAS MIKROKLIMA IN SEINEN BEZIEHUNGEN ZUR GELÄNDEGESTALTUNG, ZU PFLANZE, TIER UND MENSCH. - Einleitung: Eine grundsätzliche neue Art von Mikroklimabildung, Mesoklimatologie, Bioklimatologie. - V. Abschnitt: Der Einfluß des Geländes. - 18. Kapitel: Kaltluftfluß und Kaltluftstau. - Entstehung der Kälteseen. Abfluß und Aufstau der Kaltluft. Frostflächen bei München und Eberswalde. Die Doline Gstettneralm. Wirkung auf Pflanzen- und Tierwelt. Der Kältepol der Erde mikroklimatisch bedingt. Maastalkatastrophe 1930. Geschwindigkeit gleitender Kaltluft, Rhythmus abtropfender Kaltluft. - 19. Kapitel: Nächtliche Temperaturverhältnisse in Tälern. - Unterschied von Kaltluft- und Wasserbewegung. Warme Hangzone. Abendliches Hochwandern der Inversion. Höhenlage der warmen Hangzone und Beziehung zur Pflanzenwelt. Beispiele vom Arber. Zeitlicher Temperaturverlauf. Sichtbarwerden der nächtlichen Temperaturschichtung. - 20. Kapitel: Die Kaltluftwinde (Hangabwind, Talabwind und Gletscherwind). - Kaltluftfluß, Hangabwind und Talabwind. Der Wisperwind. Luftlawinen in Europa und Afrika. Der Gletscherwind als Tageskaltluftwind. - 21. Kapitel: Die Besonnung der verschiedenen Hanglagen. - Berechnung der Hangb
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  • 98
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Bremerhaven : Alfred-Wegener-Inst. für Polar- und Meeresforschung
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-168-14
    In: Berichte zur Polarforschung
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 141 S. : graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: Berichte zur Polarforschung 14
    Language: German
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  • 99
    Call number: ZSP-168-9
    In: Berichte zur Polarforschung
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 36 S. : Kt.
    Series Statement: Berichte zur Polarforschung 9
    Language: English
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  • 100
    Call number: AWI G9-84-0295 ; AWI G9-84-0295(2. Ex.)
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XXII, 697 Seiten , Illustrationen , 25,5 cm
    ISBN: 0858471175
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS: Preface. - Acknowledgements. - Sir Douglas Mawson. - Symposium Opening Ceremony. - The Mawson Lecture. - Symposium Topics. - 1. Precambrian East Antarctic Craton. - 2. East Antarctica-West Antarctica Boundary and the Ross Orogen, including Northern Victoria Land. - 3. Beacon Supergroup and Associated Igneous Rocks. - 4. West Antarctica. - 5. Scotia Arc and Antarctic Peninsula. - 6. Marine Geology. - 7. Antarctic Resources. - 8. Glacial Geology and Geomorphology. - 9. Crusta! Structure of Antarctica. - 10. Cenozoic Tectonics and Climatic Record-Onshore and Offshore Evidence. - 11. Antarctica in Gondwanaland. - 12. Plate Tectonics. - 13. Antarctic Meteorites. - 14. Subantarctic Islands. - 15. Cenozoic Igneous Activity. - I. Precambrian East Antarctic Craton. - The Precambrian Geological Evolution of the East Antarctic Metamorphic Shield: a Review / P.R. James and R.J. Tingey. - Geological History of the Archaean Napier Complex of Enderby Land / L.P. Black and P.R. James. - The Geology of the Fyfe Hills-Khmara Bay Region, Enderby Land / M.A. Sandiford and C.J.L. Wilson. - The Napier and Rayner Complexes of Enderby Land, Antarctica: Contrasting Styles of Metamorphism and Tectonism / D.J. Ellis. - Regional Geobarometry-Geothermometry and Metamorphic Evolution of Enderby Land, Antarctica / S.L. Harley. - Sm-Nd Isotopic Systematics of Enderby Land Granulites. Evidence for the Redistribution of Sm and Nd During Metamorphism (Abstract) / M. T. McCulloch and L.P. Black. - Geology and Petrology of Prince Olav Coast, East Antarctica / Y. Hiroi, K. Shiraishi, Y. Nakai, T. Kano and S. Yoshikura. - Tectonic Situation of Lützow-Holm Bay in East Antarctica and its significance in Gondwanaland / M. Yoshida and K. Kizaki. - Sapphirine-Garnet and Associated Parageneses in Antarctica / E.S. Grew. - A Review of the Tectonic and Metamorphic History of the Lützow-Holm Bay Region, East Antarctica / M. Yoshida, M. Suzuki, H. Shirahata, H. Kojima and K. Kizaki. - Spinels in Calc-silicate Rocks from the coast of Lützow-Holm Bay and surrounding areas (Abstract) / H. Matsueda, Y. Matsumoto and Y. Motoyoshi. - Petrochemical Study of Metamorphic Rocks in the Lützow-Holm Bay Area, East Antarctica (Abstract) / S. Kanisawa and K. Yanai. - Geology and Petrology of the Yamato Mountains / K. Shiraishi, M. Asami and Y. Ohta. - Geology and Petrology of the Belgica Mountains (Abstract) / H. Kojima, K. Yanai and T. Nishida. - Lead Isotopic Composition in Metamorphic Rocks from Skarvsnes, East Antarctica / H. Shirahata. - Sr-Isotopic Studies of some Intrusive Rocks in the Ahlmann Ridge and Annandagstoppane, Western Queen Maud Land, Antarctica / J.M. Barton Jr. and Y.E. Copperthwaite. - Preliminary Report on the Geochemistry and Petrology of some Igneous Rocks in the Ahlmanryggen and Giaeverryggen, Western Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica (Abstract) / J.R. Krynauw. - Petrology and Zircon Geochronology of Herring Island and Commonwealth Bay and Evidence for Gondwana Reconstruction / R.L. Oliver, J.A. Cooper and A .F. Truelove. - Manganese-Rich Chemical Sediments from Wilkes Land, Antarctica / l.R. Plimer and J.R Lovering. - A Reassessment of the Age of the Windmill Metamorphics, Casey Area / l.S. Williams, W. Compston, K.D. Collerson, P.A. Arriens and J.R Lovering. - Lithological and Sr-Nd Isotopic Relationships in the Vestfold Block: Implications for Archaean and Proterozoic Crustal Evolution in the East Antarctic / K.D. Collerson, E. Reid, D. Millar and M. T. McCulloch. - Structure, Fabric Development and Metamorphism in Archaean Gneisses of the Vestfold Hills, East Antarctica / A.J. Parker, P.R. James, R.L. Oliver and V. Mielnik. - 2. East Antarctica-West Antarctica Boundary and the Ross Orogen, including Northern Victoria Land. - A Review of the Ross Fold Belt of the Transantarctic Mountains as a Boundary Structure between East Antarctica and West Antarctica (Abstract) / G.E. Grikurov. - The East Antarctica-West Antarctica Boundary between the Ice Shelves: a Review / C. Craddock. - The Pre-Beacon Geology of Northern Victoria Land: a Review / J.D. Bradshaw and M. G. Laird. - The Sedimentology of the Robertson Bay Group, Northern Victoria Land / B. D. Field and R.H. Findlay. - Tectonic Significance of Deformations affecting the Robertson Bay Group and Associated Rocks, Northern Victoria Land, Antarctica / R.H. Findlay and B.D. Field. - Geology of the Daniels Range, Northern Victoria Land, Antarctica: a Preliminary Report / C. C. Plummer, R.S. Babcock, J. W. Sheraton, C.J.D. Adams and R.L. Oliver. - Geology of the Daniels Range Intrusive Complex Northern Victoria Land, Antarctica (Abstract) / R.S. Babcock, C.C. Plummer, J.S. Sheraton, C.J. Adams, R.L. Oliver. - Trends in Regional Metamorphism and Deformation in Northern Victoria Land, Antarctica / G. Kleinschmidt. - New Data on the Lower Palaeozoic Bowers Supergroup, Northern Victoria Land / M. G. Laird and J.D. Bradshaw. - Geosynclinal Sedimentation and Ross Orogeny in Northern Victoria Land (Abstract) / R. Tessensohn. - Age and Correlation of the Cambrian-Ordovician Bowers Supergroup, Northern Victoria Land / R.A. Cooper, J.B. Jago, A.J. Rowell and P. Braddock. - Post-Mindyallan Late Cambrian Trilobite Faunas from Antarctica (Abstract) / J.H. Shergold. - Post-Ross Orogeny Cratonisation of Northern Victoria Land / G. W. Grindley and P.J. Oliver. - Geochemistry, Petrography and Geochronology of the Cambro-Ordovician and Devonian-Carboniferous Granitoids of Northern Victoria Land, Antarctica / U. Vetter, N. W. Roland, H. Kreuzer, A. Hohndorf, H. Lenz and C. Besang. - Chemistry of Palaeozoic Granites of Northern Victoria Land (Abstract) / D. Wyborn. - Chemical Control on Stratigraphic Relations in Northern Victoria Land and Some Possible Relations with SE Australia (Abstract) / D. Wyborn. - Results of Palaeomagnetic Investigations in Northern Victoria Land, Antarctica / G. Delisle. - The Geology of Terra Nova Bay / D.N.B. Skinner. - The Petrology and Origin of Orbicular Tonalite from Western Taylor Valley, Southern Victoria Land, Antarctica / P.S. Dahl and D.R Palmer. - The Granites and Two Orogenies of Southern Victoria Land / D.N.B. Skinner. - A Re-interpretation of the Basement Granites, McMurdo Sound, Antarctica (Abstract) / R.H. Findlay. - Petrology and Geochemistry of the Queen Maud Batholith, Central Transantarctic Mountains, with Implications for the Ross Orogeny / S.G. Borg. - Type Locality of the Ackerman Formation, La Gorce Mountains, Antarctica / E. Stump. - The Structural Development of Selected Areas in the Pensacola Mountains (Abstract) / A. Frischbutter, W. Weber, J. Hojmann and H.J. Paech. - A Gcochronological Investigation of the Shackleton Range / R.J. Pankhurst, P.D. Marsh, P.D. Clarkson. - Tectonics and Relationships between Structural Stages in the Precambrian of the Shackleton Range, Western Margin of the East Antarctic Craton / J. Hojmann and H.J. Paech. - The Late Precambrian and Early Palaeozoic History of The Shackleton Range, Coats Land / P.D. Marsh. - Structure and Outline of Geologic History of the Southern Weddell Sea Basin / E.N. Kamenev and V.L. Ivanov. - Magnetic Studies of Upper Crusta! Structure in West Antarctica and the Boundary with East Antarctica / E.J. Jankowski, D.J. Drewry and J.C. Behrendt. - Crust and Upper Mantle Study of McMurdo Sound / L.D. McGinnis, D.D. Wilson, W.J. Burdelik and T.H. Larson. - 3. Beacon Supergroup and Associated Igneous Rocks. - The Beacon Supergroup of Northern Victoria Land, Antarctica / B.C. Walker. - Trace Fossils of the Permian-Triassic Takrouna Formation, Northern Victoria Land, Antarctica / J.M. Zawiskie, J. W. Collinson and W.R. Hammer. - Permian-Triassic Sedimentary Sequence in Northern Victoria Land, Antarctica / J. W. Collinson and N.R. Kemp. - Late Palaeozoic Glacigene Strata in Northern Victoria Land (Abstract) / B. C. McKelvey and B.C. Walker. - Deposition of the Weller Coal M
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    Location: AWI Reading room
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    Branch Library: AWI Library
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