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  • Articles  (24,758)
  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (24,758)
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  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (3,858)
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  • Mathematics  (14,092)
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  • Articles  (24,758)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cathedral Building as an Entry-Deterring Device (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 58 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: This paper suggests that, while medieval cathedrals served many purposes and, indeed, were some of the greatest technical achievements of their time, they served a rational economic purpose as well. Protestant entry into the market for Christian religion finally materialized in the early sixteenth century. The Roman Catholic Church did not make a ‘mistake’ in failing to forestall entry. We argue that the Church made a conscious rational effort to do so by supplying excess capacity and particular forms of capital in medieval cathedrals. While the attempt to forestall entry was ultimately unsuccessful, the extent of cathedral building helps explain why some areas of Europe remained Catholic and alternative forms of Christianity took hold in other locales.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0023-5962.2005.00297.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Climate Policy Beyond Kyoto: Quo Vadis? (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 58 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: We investigate the possible future of Post-Kyoto climate policies until 2020. Based on a cross-impact analysis, we first evaluate an expert poll to identify the most likely Post-Kyoto climate policy scenarios. We then use a computable general equilibrium model to assess the economic implications of these scenarios. We find that Post-Kyoto agreements will include only small reductions in global greenhouse gas emissions, with abatement duties predominantly assigned to the industrialized countries, while developing countries remain uncommitted, but can sell emission abatement to the industrialized world. Equity rules to allocate abatement duties are mainly based on sovereignty or ability-to-pay. Global adjustment costs to Post-Kyoto policies are very moderate, but regional costs to fuel exporting countries can be substantial because of distinct terms-of-trade effects on fossil fuel markets.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0023-5962.2005.00298.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fancy a Stay at the ‘Hotel California’? The Role of Easy Entry and Exit for FDI (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 58 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Investment incentives targeted at attracting multinational firms have been extensively researched, and empirical evidence has shown them to be influential. The same is not true of exit restrictions. Yet, as recent theory suggests, there may be a trade-off between entry incentives and ease of exit. This paper focuses on that trade-off in the case of US multinationals in 33 host countries. An indicator of labour market regulations is used as a measure of ease of exit. Results suggest that both entry incentives and labour market regulations are important and ignoring the latter neglects an important dimension in firms' location decision.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0023-5962.2005.00300.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nominal Versus Real Convergence – EMU Entry Scenarios for the New Member States (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 58 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: This paper explores the conflict of real and monetary convergence during the EMU run-up of the Central and Eastern European member states. Using a Balassa-Samuelson model of productivity driven inflation, we find a high probability of higher inflation in the new member states. We compare the policy options which make the compliance possible, i.e. fiscal tightening and nominal appreciation within the ERM2 band. Nominal appreciation within ERM2 seems the better option to achieve the compliance with the Maastricht criteria, as no discretionary government intervention is necessary, and losses in terms of real growth are smaller. Having once opted for nominal appreciation by fixing the ERM2 entry rate as the central rate (Irish model), a high degree of flexibility is provided in coping with erratic short-term capital inflows. The strategy of setting the ERM2 entry rate above the central rate (Greek model) implies a clear exchange rate path within ERM2 and thereby less exchange rate volatility. Despite the merits of nominal appreciation, countries committed to hard euro pegs, or with high budget deficits, may choose fiscal contraction as a solution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0023-5962.2005.00301.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Impact of Public Ownership and Competition on Productivity (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 58 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Are private firms more efficient than public ones? Does privatisation improve performance? In order to answer these questions, it is necessary to disentangle the impact of ownership and competition upon business performance. This paper presents empirical evidence relating to the hypothesis that public ownership and competition are determinants of firms' productivity. It concludes that public ownership has a significant negative effect on productivity and also that privatisation has a positive impact on efficiency. Furthermore, increased competition is found to have a positive effect on productivity. These results are interpreted as confirming that privatisation is effective as a means of increasing firms' efficiency, at least in a non-regulated and relatively competitive sector, such as manufacturing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0023-5962.2005.00299.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Getting along with Colleagues – Does Profit Sharing Help or Hurt? (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 58 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Theory presents two channels through which profit sharing can cause workers to increase their coworkers' productivity: greater cooperation and increased peer pressure. This paper argues that these generate opposite influences on coworker relations, and that which dominates varies according to circumstances and type of worker. Using German data, we show that, for non-supervisory men, profit sharing increases cooperation, but that for those who highly value success on the job, it has no influence on cooperation, and for supervisors it reduces cooperation. Moreover, the findings show striking gender differences in the effect of profit sharing. We contend these patterns fit with underlying theoretical expectations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0023-5962.2005.00302.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ‘Market Discipline’, Lending Ceilings and Subnational Finance (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 58 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: The ‘market discipline’ approach to subnational finance requires that moral hazard derived from the possibility of a central government bailout be made insignificantly small. Therefore, governments interested in following this approach and willing to abide by its rules should start by creating the conditions for a default and its resolution to be possible. This article discusses the use of lending ceilings as an instrument to allow the default, without dragging in the central government.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0023-5962.2005.00303.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    KYKLOS Editorial Policy (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 58 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0023-5962.2005.00306.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Integrating the Empirical Tests of the Natural Rate Hypothesis: A Meta-Regression Analysis (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 58 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: A meta-analysis of thirty-four restriction tests from nine studies of the natural rate of unemployment hypothesis (NRU) finds the statistical trace of a false empirical hypothesis. A theme of bias and misspecification among those studies that tend to be more supportive of NRU emerges. When combined with a separate meta-analysis of NRU's falsifying hypothesis, unemployment ‘hysteresis’ (Stanley 2004a), the natural rate hypothesis may be regarded as empirically ‘falsified’ (Popper 1959). Monte Carlo simulations validate the meta-regression methods used here to integrate different restriction tests and to identify their limitations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0023-5962.2005.00305.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Is Sectoral Diversification a Solution to Unemployment? Evidence from EU Regions (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 58 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: There is a growing interest in the academic and policy making communities in understanding the effects of sectoral specialisation on labour market performance. The existing empirical evidence, mainly based on US data, generally finds a positive correlation between sectoral specialisation and labour market indicators such as wages and unemployment. The policy implication one can draw from these results is that fostering sectoral diversification may reduce unemployment. However, this lesson may not hold for all countries. In particular, in the case of Europe, the diversity of labour market institutions may play a distinct role in shaping the relationship between sectoral specialisation and labour market performance.In this paper, we investigate the relationship between regional sectoral specialisation and regional unemployment rate in the context of different collective bargaining institutions in the EU countries. We find that collective bargaining institutions do play a role in shaping the unemployment rate differentials across regions belonging to the same country. Furthermore, the relationship between regional specialisation and the regional unemployment rate is stronger in countries with intermediate and decentralised collective bargaining institutions in comparison to countries with centralised collective bargaining institutions.Our results suggest that labour market institutions are likely to influence the outcome of policies aiming at fostering regional diversification. While such policies may result in reducing regional unemployment in countries with decentralised and intermediate levels of collective bargaining, they may not make a big difference in countries with centralised collective bargaining institutions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0023-5962.2005.00304.x
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hints for Prospective Authors of KYKLOS (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 58 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0023-5962.2005.00307.x
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Dilemma of the Prisoners’ Dilemmas (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 58 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: This paper distinguishes four types of ‘Prisoners’ Dilemma games – provision, the commons, selfishness, and altruism – based on the public character of benefits and costs. Although each of these four games has the same 2 × 2 ordinal game form, each differs in terms of strategic, dynamic, and policy implications. Similar differences characterize the n-person representations of the four games. When paired in 3 × 3 representations, the least-desirable Nash equilibrium of the two embedded 2 × 2 games results. The four types of PD games also have different evolutionary and informational requirements for cooperation. Applications include the environment, biology, counterterrorism, and international relations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0023-5962.2005.00275.x
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Rawlsian Approach to International Cooperation (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 58 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Both the economic theory of federalism and international environmental economics are interested in finding conditions under which countries or groups of countries would like to start cooperation with other countries. In the framework of the standard public-good model this paper presents a criterion for individually rational and thus voluntary international cooperation aiming at the provision of an international public good. This basic criterion can be traced back to Wicksell and Rawls and reflects the idea of reciprocity. In a further step, it is used to specify determinants that affect the decision of a group of countries to enter a coalition. It turns out that in this context the adjustment behavior of the original coalition members as well as that of the remaining outsiders is of particular importance. Finally the theoretical considerations are confronted with actual behavior of countries and groups of countries (as the EU, US and the developing countries) in the Kyoto process leading to a discussion of further prospects for global climate-change policy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0023-5962.2005.00276.x
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Has the Tradeoff Between Productivity Gains and Job Growth Disappeared? (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 58 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: ‘Policymakers’ efforts to boost trend output growth may be hampered by the presence of a trade-off between productivity gains and job creation. This paper presents empirical evidence that the negative relationship between productivity growth and employment growth that prevailed in the 1960s and 1970s has disappeared since then. This finding is robust to using alternative measures and including other explanatory variables. The improved trade-off may be good news for policymakers who aim at raising the ‘speed limit’ of the economy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0023-5962.2005.00277.x
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Beauty and the Economist: The Role of Aesthetics in Economic Theory (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 58 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: The importance of aesthetic considerations is widely acknowledged in mathematics and the natural sciences. Beauty motivates mathematical and scientific discoveries and serves as a criterion for their acceptance by the scientific community. In contrast, there is little attention to beauty in the models, theorems and other objects of economic theory. This holds even though mathematics is an important tool of economic analysis. The pure theory of international trade provides useful examples to discuss the role of aesthetics in economic theory. The central feature of the discipline of economics which distinguishes it from the natural sciences and appears to explain the paucity of beauty in economics is that economic models lack generality.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0023-5962.2005.00278.x
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Note on the Measurement of Bias in Stated Willingness to Pay for Public Goods (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 58 (2005), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0023-5962.2005.00281.x
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Turkish Delight: Does Turkey's Accession to the EU Bring Economic Benefits? (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 58 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: We explore the economic implications of the possible Turkish accession to the European Union. We focus on three main changes associated with Turkish membership: (i) accession to the internal European Market; (ii) institutional reforms in Turkey triggered by EU-membership; and (iii) migration in response to the free movement of workers. Overall, the macroeconomic implications for EU countries are small but positive. European exports increase by around 20%. Turkey experiences larger economic gains than the EU: consumption per capita is estimated to rise by about 4% as a result of accession to the internal market and free movement of labour. If Turkey would succeed in reforming its domestic institutions in response to EU-membership, consumption per capita in Turkey could raise by an additional 9%. These benefits would spill over to the EU.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0023-5962.2005.00279.x
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Internal Organization of the Family: Economic Analysis and Psychological Advice (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 58 (2005), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: This article shows that therapeutic advice for behavior within the family is to create a functioning property-rights system and to emulate voluntary transactions within a competitive economic market. The optimal organization of the family requires that relations are structured so that non-cooperative game playing is minimized and transaction costs are reduced. The article employs economic analysis to explain why ‘setting limits’ is preferred to punishment (Pigouvian taxes). It also explains why there is conflict between children and their parents even when the parent's utility is the present discounted value of the child's utility function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0023-5962.2005.00280.x
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Index 2004 (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 58 (2005), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0023-5962.2005.00282.x
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Prior Information on String Length Estimates (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Teaching statistics 26 (2004), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1467-9639
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: This article describes an activity through which students collect data and explore ways to display them through graphs and charts. It also motivates various summary measures for location, spread and shape. Finally, it gives an introduction to concepts of validity, reliability and unbiasedness.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9639.2004.00171.x
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Great Expectations? (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Teaching statistics 26 (2004), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1467-9639
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: This article introduces the concept of a prediction interval in a gambling context.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9639.2004.00176.x
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    IASE matters (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Teaching statistics 26 (2004), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1467-9639
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9639.2004.00182.x
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Notes for Contributors to 
TEACHING STATISTICS (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Teaching statistics 26 (2004), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1467-9639
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mathematics
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9639.2004.00155.x
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EDITORIAL (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Teaching statistics 26 (2004), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1467-9639
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mathematics
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An Upper Bound on the Value of the Standard Deviation (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Teaching statistics 26 (2004), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1467-9639
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: This article derives a simple upper bound for the sample standard deviation that could be useful in guarding against gross errors of calculation.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9639.2004.00157.x
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  • 26
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    Electronic Resource
    About the Cover (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
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    ISSN: 1467-9639
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: The cover's statistics and beading are discussed.
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
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    Presentation of Type I and Type II Error Rates to Non-statisticians (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Teaching statistics 26 (2004), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1467-9639
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: This article describes a simple computer program which graphically demonstrates both Type I and Type II statistical errors.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9639.2004.00160.x
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  • 28
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    A Useful Example when Teaching Hypothesis Testing (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Teaching statistics 26 (2004), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1467-9639
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: This article describes an example which is useful when teaching hypothesis testing in order to highlight the interrelationships that exist among the level of significance, the sample size and the statistical power of a test. The example also allows students to see how what they learn in the classroom directly affects the content of some of the commercials that they watch on television.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9639.2004.00158.x
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  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Charts in Excel – A Series Matter (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Teaching statistics 26 (2004), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1467-9639
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: The Chart Wizard in Microsoft Excel is supposed to make chart drawing so easy that a child can do it, yet many intelligent adults fail to use it successfully. This article suggests some simple principles that resolve many of the difficulties.
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  • 30
    Electronic Resource
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    Of Poohsticks and p-Values: Hypothesis Testing in the Hundred Acre Wood (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Teaching statistics 26 (2004), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1467-9639
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: A walk through Milne's Enchanted Forest leads to an unexpected encounter with hypothesis testing.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9639.2004.00163.x
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  • 31
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    NEWS & NOTES (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Teaching statistics 26 (2004), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1467-9639
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mathematics
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  • 32
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    A VBA-based Simulation for Teaching Simple Linear Regression (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Teaching statistics 26 (2004), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1467-9639
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: In spite of the name, simple linear regression presents a number of conceptual difficulties, particularly for introductory students. This article describes a simulation tool that provides a hands-on method for illuminating the relationship between parameters and sample statistics.
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    LOOK AHEAD (2004)
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    THE C. OSWALD GEORGE PRIZE (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
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    STATISTICAL DIVERSIONS (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
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    Classical versus Bayesian Inference: A Classroom Illustration (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
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    Notes: This article describes an illustration of Bayesian inference that has proved popular with students.
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    IASE matters (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
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    EDITORIAL (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
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    Resampling with Excel (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
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    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
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    Notes: Standard Microsoft Excel functions and the Excel Data Table facility are used in randomization applications using resampling with and without replacement.
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    STATISTICAL DIVERSIONS (2004)
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    Turning Points in Random Permutations (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
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    Notes: The mean and variance of the number of turning points in random permutations are evaluated. These results are applied to a test of randomness of fluctuations.
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    Useful Data for Teaching Statistics from Hockey World Cup Matches (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
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    Notes: This article presents some data from a major sports event that can be used in common statistical analyses.
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    BOOK REVIEW (2004)
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    Sensitivity of the χ2 Goodness-of-Fit Test to the Choice of Classes (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
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    Notes: The χ2 goodness-of-fit test is often one of the first tests of hypotheses encountered by students. When some of the expected frequencies are small, classes need to be combined. A real-life example is given that illustrates a surprising sensitivity of the results of the test to the way in which such combinations are chosen.
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    In All Probability, Probability is not All (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
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    Notes: The national lottery is often portrayed as a game of pure chance with no room for strategy. This misperception seems to stem from the application of probability instead of expectancy considerations, and can be utilized to introduce the statistical concept of expectation.
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    LETTER TO THE EDITOR (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
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    LETTER TO THE EDITOR (2004)
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    Water Quality Statistics (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Water quality experiments, especially the use of macroinvertebrates as indicators of water quality, offer an ideal context for connecting statistics and science. In the STAR program for secondary students and teachers, water quality experiments were also used as a context for teaching statistics. In this article, we trace one activity that uses virtual streams and repeated sampling to develop the notion of a hypothesis test for one proportion.
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    The Generalized Mean (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
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    Notes: This article defines the generalized mean and shows how it relates to such statistics as the arithmetic, geometric and harmonic means.
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    Odds That Don’t Multiply Up (2004)
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    Notes: This article discusses the calculation of odds for combined events.
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    News & Notes (2004)
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    LOOK AHEAD (2004)
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    Arms and the Man: World War I and the Rise of the Welfare State (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 57 (2004), S. 0 
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    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Why did peacetime government shares of total spending double in a number of Western economies between 1910 and 1938? The widely separated dates for the introduction of universal manhood suffrage and the evidence of a rise in protection during the inter-war period indicate that neither democracy nor globalization can explain this development. This paper reexamines two other explanations, namely, (1) a shift in the demand for public goods and (2) a war-induced willingness to share with one's fellow citizens. By introducing into Schelling's (1978) Multi-Person Dilemma a learning game whose payoffs change endogenously, we provide theoretical explanations for this transformation. We then test the resulting propositions with data on public spending as a share of GNP for the U.S., Canada, the U.K., Germany and Denmark, from the 1870s to the 1930s. In each case, we find no unit root but a break in trend, a result shown to favor explanation (2) over (1).
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    Coase Theorem and the Taiwan Strait Conflict (2004)
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    Kyklos 57 (2004), S. 0 
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    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: The idea of a single-owner who owns the opposing interests of a dispute has been suggested in the literature to make the Coase Theorem operational in resolving dispute. This paper points out that the idea implicitly assumes the existence of an overriding authority, e.g., the Courts, to implement the solution. When such an overriding authority does not exist, a different rationale must be employed to make the single-owner apparatus work. This insight is explored and then applied to help resolve the Taiwan Strait Conflict. Specifically, a ‘One China, Two Republics’ policy is proposed and its implications illustrated.
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    Border Effects in Passenger Air Traffic (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
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    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: The empirical literature on border effects suggests that national borders substantially reduce the level of economic transactions. This paper adds another piece of evidence to the significance of border effects by applying a new data set which is completely independent of the data sets of previous studies. Our data refer to domestic and international passenger departures from German airports. The econometric results indicate that the German border reduces passenger air traffic by a factor of four to five. This magnitude is in line with the results of previous studies for trade and investment flows.
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    Intra-Firm Wage Dispersion and Firm Performance: Evidence from Linked Employer-Employee Data (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 57 (2004), S. 0 
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    Notes: This paper examines the relationship between intra-firm wage dispersion and firm performance in large Belgian firms using a unique matched employer-employee data set. On the basis of the Winter-Ebmer and Zweimüller's (1999) methodology, we find a positive and significant relationship between intra-firm wage dispersion and profits per capita, even when controlling for individual and firm characteristics and addressing potential simultaneity problems. Results also suggest that the intensity of this relationship is stronger for blue-collar workers and within firms with a high degree of monitoring. These findings are more in line with the ‘tournament’ models than with the ‘fairness, morale and cohesiveness’ models.
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    The Political Economy of Privatization: Empirical Evidence from Transition Economies (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 57 (2004), S. 0 
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    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: This paper provides systematic evidence for both the cross-country and sector-independent validation of political-economic theories used to explain changes in national property rights arrangements. A political-economic model for privatization will be developed and then tested on progress in large-scale and small-scale privatizations in 14 Central and Eastern European transition economies between 1994 and 2000. It will be proven that divergent levels of progress in large-scale privatization can be explained to a large extent by the structural and financial constraints on political decision-makers and varying national interest group constellations. Small-scale privatization is not significantly determined by political constraints and interest group pressure. This finding supports the assumption that the relative merits of different theories to explain changes in property rights arrangements depend crucially on the specific conditions of initial property arrangements.
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    Dry Holes in Economic Research: Comment (2004)
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    Dry Holes in Economic Research: Reply (2004)
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    Convergence in Government Spending: Theory and Cross-Country Evidence (2004)
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    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Under reasonable assumptions about production technologies, international competition for factors of production will lead to convergence of per capita output. Is there an analogous process that leads to convergence of public sector activity? We provide a simple model that predicts convergence in government spending under certain assumptions. We show that Barro's (1990) model of endogenous growth with government spending provides one justification for the necessary assumptions and therefore supports the convergence hypothesis. We also discuss the possibility that increasing globalization has led to convergence in government spending. Our cross-country empirical investigation provides compelling evidence of convergence in per capita government consumption spending, per capita government capital spending, and per capita government education spending. These findings provide a new framework for explaining the underlying dynamic forces that determine growth of government.
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    KYKLOS Editorial Policy (2004)
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    Hints for Prospective Authors of KYKLOS (2004)
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    Is Board Size an Independent Corporate Governance Mechanism? (2004)
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    Notes: Using a simultaneous equations framework with a comprehensive set of publicly listed Swiss companies, our findings suggest that the size of the board of directors is an independent corporate governance mechanism. This implies that any potential relationship between board size and firm valuation is indeed causal. However, in contrast to previous studies, we do not uncover a significant relationship between board size and firm valuation, which can be interpreted as support for the hypothesis of the existence of an optimal board size. On average, firms choose the number of board members just optimally. This indicates that cross-sectional variations in board size to a large extent reflect differences in firms' underlying environment, and not mistaken choices.
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    When Tax Collectors Become Collectors for Child Support and Student Loans: Jeopardizing the Revenue Base? (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 57 (2004), S. 0 
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    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: This paper investigates the relationship between making additional payments to the state for student loan (via the Higher Education Contribution Scheme) and child support (via the Child Support Scheme) and compliance with tax law. Data are taken from the Community Hopes, Fears, and Actions Survey based on a random sample of 2040 individuals. Additional payments were found to pose a compliance problem for tax authorities. At the same time, this study demonstrated that perceived deterrence, moral obligation and possible trustworthiness play significant roles in reducing tax evasion. An important finding to emerge from this study is that tax evasion is more likely to accompany additional payments when personal income and belief in trust norms are low. The finding of greater tax evasion among economically marginalized groups has been demonstrated in other contexts, but the adverse effects of becoming irreconcilably socially marginalized from legal authority has tended to be both undervalued and under-theorized in the taxation compliance literature.
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    Does Ethical Activism Lead to Firm Relocation?1 (2004)
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    Does Ownership Matter? Empirical Evidence from the German Wine Industry (2004)
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    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: There is widespread belief among economists that the separation of ownership and control tends to reduce the performance of companies while competition tends to improve it. Irrespective of their theoretical appeal these assumptions have not been tested very often. Using an unbalanced panel of about 300 German wineries (compiled from four different editions of a highly respected and widely used wine guide), the paper shows that firms run by ‘managing directors’ produce higher quality and more expensive wines than otherwise identical owner-managed firms. Since firms have identical production functions and due to the intense competition in the sector under consideration it is very likely that differences in human capital explain the observed productivity differences.
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    Policy Advice as an Investment Problem (2004)
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    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: From the viewpoint of Public Choice theory, the logic of electoral competition makes it difficult for rational, self-interested politicians to advance unpopular reforms. As political decision-makers have primarily the aim of re-election in mind, ‘inconvenient’ scientific policy advice often falls on deaf ears in the political arena. This implementation problem has been widely discussed in political science, economics, and related social sciences. Complementary to this qualitative dimension, the present paper uses insight from the economics of innovation to analyze the quantitative dimension of policy advice. It is assumed that additional expert opinion is only requested whenever it increases a politician's chance to become re-elected. This simple politico-economic reasoning, it will be argued, induces a systematic under-and overinvestment in policy advice, which is inefficient in terms of social welfare. After discussing the advisor's role in this framework, the paper concludes with a brief presentation of possible remedies to dilute these undesirable incentive effects. The theoretical reasoning will be illustrated by the case of Germany where problems of policy advice have become apparent in recent years.
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    Corruption's Effect on Growth and its Transmission Channels (2004)
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    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: A common finding of recent theoretical and empirical literature is that corruption has a negative effect on economic growth. In the paper, through growth regression analysis, we estimate the direct and indirect effects of corruption on economic growth. The indirect transmission channels, specifically investments, trade policy, schooling, and political stability, analysed in our study prove to be significant in explaining the deleterious effect of corruption on growth rates. We find that one standard deviation increase in the corruption index is associated with a decrease in investments of 2.46 per centage points, which in turn decreases economic growth by 0.34 per cent per year. The second, by importance, transmission channel is openness: a standard deviation increase in the corruption index is associated with a decrease of the openness index by 0.19, resulting in a decrease in economic growth by 0.30 percent per year. Jointly, the transmission channels explain 81 per cent of the effect of corruption on growth. While combating corruption is a long-term task, an understanding of the transmission channels, through which corruption affects the economy, may suggest ways to limit corruption's negative, but indirect, effects on growth.
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    KYKLOS Editorial Policy (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 57 (2004), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
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    Deceptive Field Experiments of Discrimination: Are they Ethical? (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 57 (2004), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Field experiments in which bogus pairs of transactors test for discrimination by applying for employment or housing, or by trading in product markets, have been widely-published during the last decade. However, no detailed justification has been provided for the deception involved. The general lack of veracity in the market-place, the social harm inflicted by discrimination and the superior accuracy and transparency of this technique justify deceiving the subjects of experiments. Deception of testers, however, may do them harm, contravenes the ethical standards of psychologists and sociologists and is unnecessary, as alternative procedures are available to deal with ‘experimenter effects’.
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    Hints for Prospective Authors of KYKLOS (2004)
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    Kyklos 57 (2004), S. 0 
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    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
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    Taxation of the Global Arms Trade? An Overview of the Issues (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 57 (2004), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: A number of proposals for a tax on the international trade with weapons have been made during the last 25 years, most recently prior to the G-8 summit in Lyon, France, in June 2003. Originally, the major objectives were both to reduce the level of trade in arms and raise money for purposes such as development and disarmament. Later proposals included the compensation of victims of the use of specific types of weapons. Various objections have been raised against the suggestions for an international arms trade tax. Major points include the difficulties of achieving sufficient levels of compliance, tax evasion through increases in domestic production and a stimulation of the illicit trade in arms. There are also fundamental objections against demeritorizing arms transfers only, and not also domestic production of arms. In order for an international arms trade tax to work, the level of transparency in the international arms trade would need to increase. A major part of the tax burden would be borne by buyers of arms, who are predominantly developing countries. However, these are currently also major beneficiaries of large-scale subsidies on arms exports. An international arms trade tax will lead, using available estimates of price elasticities, to an increase in expenditures on arms import. Transfers from a fund fed by an arms trade tax should be spent in those countries which substantially reduce their spending on arms imports. In general, an arms trade tax makes more sense as a measure for disarmament than as a measure for development.
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    The Price of Bodies: A Hedonic Pricing Model of Avatar Attributes in a Synthetic World (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 57 (2004), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: This paper explores a unique new source of social valuation: a market for bodies. The internet hosts a number of large synthetic worlds which users can visit by piloting a computer-generated body, known as an avatar. Avatars can have an asset value, in that users can spend time to increase their skills; these asset values can be directly observed in online markets. Auction data for avatars from the synthetic fantasy world of EverQuest are used here to explore a number of questions involving the relative value of different body characteristics. Hedonic analysis of the auction price data suggests that the ‘level’, a game-design metric that indicates the overall functionality or power of the avatar, is by far the most important attribute of the body. Other attributes that show significant price effects include: sex and class (i.e. being a wizard rather than warrior type of character). The male-female price difference is interesting because there are actually no sex-based differences in the abilities of the avatar bodies, by design. Price differences here must be caused by some other aspect of buyer preferences, ones unrelated to power or functionality of the avatar itself.
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    What Do We Know about Ourselves? on the Economics of Economics (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 57 (2004), S. 0 
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    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Since quite some time, economists have been aware of the fact that also the behavior of economists generates questions that need to be answered. Why, for example, do economists use an alphabetic ordering of names when they co-author an article? And what determines the success of an academic economist? Or, how does studying economics affect behavior? At the same time, economists have also noticed that the economics profession generates data that can be used to test theoretical ideas proposed by economists. In this paper, the author gives an overview of such research that takes economists and their behavior as a subject of study. He will focus on three topics: the education of economists, the publication habits of economists and the labor market of economists.
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    Take or Leave? Distribution in Asymmetric One-Off Conflict (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 57 (2004), S. 0 
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    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Most social scientists' views of conflict and cooperation in society are shaped by very elementary, one-off, two by two symmetric simultaneous move games like prisoner's dilemma, chicken, assurance or stag hunt. We think that this diet of examples leads to biased accounts in particular of distributional conflict, and therefore suggest that asymmetry in payoffs and move structure be taken into account systematically. In this paper a new paradigm of asymmetric games to study basic distributional conflicts is introduced, illustrated numerically and discussed theoretically. The results of exploratory experiments on the empirical side of the matter are also reported.
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    Quality of Government Services and the Civic Duty to Pay Taxes in the Czech and Slovak Republics, and other Transition Countries (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 57 (2004), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: This paper analyses a 2002 survey of the Czech and Slovak Republics, and more limited surveys of Hungary and Poland to conclude that tax evasion is lowest among those who believe that they are getting good quality government services for the taxes they pay. A 20% increase in perceived quality of government services could lead to a 13% drop in the frequency of tax evasion. The present analysis is the first of this sort to indicate that quality of government services influences the willingness to pay taxes. Governments in transition countries who suffer from weak tax collection apparatus may wish to transmit clear information on the quality of their services in order to cut down on evasion.
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    Industry Matters for Poverty: A Critique of Agricultural Fundamentalism (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 57 (2004), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: We use a recently constructed cross-country data set on absolute poverty to examine whether there is regional and sectoral variation in the relationship between poverty and economic growth. We find that the poverty-growth linkage is strongest in East Asia and that this linkage is essentially driven by growth in the industrial sector. By contrast, industrial growth has had little positive impact on poverty reduction in any other region. These findings are consistent with the notion that East Asia's greater success in poverty reduction lies in its greater openness and market orientation, which created a pattern of labor-intensive industrial growth that led to a rapid growth in employment and poverty reduction.
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    The Euro Cash Changeover Process (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 57 (2004), S. 0 
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    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: This article describes and analyzes the Euro cash changeover process. The European Monetary Union, EMU, is a unique event in history, although other monetary unions were formed and existed long before. Still, this giant experiment makes it possible to study changes in the monetary environment from a unique and new position. The article tries to find factors that can help to explain the different pace of transition between the countries participating in the third stage of the EMU. Even though it was common knowledge that the national currency would lose its status as legal tender at a predetermined point in time, the speed of acceptance of the new monetary standard could not be directly controlled by the relevant authorities. Hence, the whole changeover process was formed as much by the authorities as by the public. The paper focuses on four types of factors that may help to explain the differences in the pace of transition pattern between the countries: network related reasons, technical and logistic reasons, characteristics of the financial and payment systems and psychological reasons. It is found that the initial supply of Euro bank notes (so-called frontloading), the size of the population of the country, the length of the period when the national currency and Euro bank notes were used side by side, and the number of bank branches (per capita) together can help to explain a large part of the variation in the pace of adoption of the new monetary standard across the countries. The first two of these factors support the idea that currency is a network good. Psychological factors, such as nationalism, have not been found to significantly influence the outcome.
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    The Economics of the FIFA Football Worldcup (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 57 (2004), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: The expansion of economics to ‘non-market topics’ has received increased attention in recent years. The economics of sports (football) is such a sub-field. This paper reports empirical evidence of team and referee performances in the FIFA World Cup 2002. The results reveal that being a hosting nation has a significant impact on the probability of winning a game. Furthermore, the strength of a team measured with the FIFA World Ranking does not play the important role presumed, which indicates that the element of uncertainty is working. The findings also indicate that the influence of a referee on the game result should not be neglected. Finally, the previous World Cup experiences seem to have the strongest impact on referees' performances during the game.
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    A Note on Paradoxes in Economics (2004)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 57 (2004), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: A paradox is a proposition in (alleged) contrast with common sense. All science is replete with paradoxes. Economics is not an exception. This paper is focused on two widely discussed paradoxes: the Mandeville paradox (and the associated idea of an ‘invisible hand’) and the Prisoners' Dilemma (with the allied literature on market failures). The main tenet of this paper is that they cannot be simultaneously paradoxical, because they state one the opposite of the other. If common sense contrasts with Mandeville, then it must agree with the Prisoners' Dilemma and vice versa. This is what I term the ‘paradox of paradoxes’ in economics, which is a simple consequence of the rarely noticed principle that two opposing propositions cannot be paradoxical at the same time. A tentative way out from this impasse is presented. I claim that economists would gain a better understanding of their profession if they devoted more time to the study of the intuitive or folk economics.
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    Transnational Corporations and Repression of Political Rights and Civil Liberties: An Empirical Analysis (2004)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 57 (2004), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Transnational Corporations are often accused by non-governmental organisations of ignoring fundamental democratic rights, such as civil liberties and political rights, in the countries of their investments. This paper attempts to explore empirically the complex relationship between foreign investment and democracy in a systematic way, using different econometric techniques. In contrast to the public discussion over recent years and the view held by non-governmental organisations, the results show that enhanced democratic rights are associated with higher foreign investment in the 1990s. Interestingly, this positive link does not hold for the 1970s and 1980s, when a substantial portion of foreign investment went to countries with repressive governments.
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    Read All About It! Understanding the Role of Media in Economic Development (2004)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 57 (2004), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: This paper explores the role of media in economic development. In particular, we seek to outline the conditions under which the media contributes to the successful adoption of policies aimed at economic progress. Our core thesis is that successful economic development requires the coordination of efforts by politicians with the interests of the populace on policies that bring about economic growth. However, the nature of the relationship between political actors in charge of reform is characterized by a conflict of interests. The role of media as a key mechanism for transforming these situations of conflict into situations of coordination between politicians and the populace is analyzed. Specifically, we consider four factors — media autonomy, legal structure, quality of the media and consumer demand — and how they impact media as a coordination-enhancing mechanism.Historical examples of the media in developing countries provide further insight into the circumstances necessary for media to be an effective coordination-enhancing mechanism. We consider the impact of a free media in cases where successful economic development has occurred — Hungary and Poland. We also consider the Ukraine as a case where media has failed to overcome the conflict characterizing the reform process, and Bulgaria as a situation where politicians and the populace have failed to coordinate around ‘good’ reforms despite having a free media. Our paper concludes with some policy recommendations regarding the achievement of a free and effective media.
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    Legislating for Economic Sclerosis: Are Lawyers a Baleful Influence on Growth Rates? (2004)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 57 (2004), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: William Easterly, an ex-World Bank economist and widely respected growth theorist, in recently noting that skilled individuals may elect to pursue occupations that redistribute income rather than enhance growth, referred to ‘the somewhat whimsical piece of evidence … that economies with lots of lawyers grow more slowly than economies with lots of engineers’. The remark alluded to an assertion by the Bush-Quayle camp during the 1992 Presidential campaign that too many lawyers were prejudicial to US economic growth, and sparked a heated debate that was played out in the Wall Street Journal and a number of academic journals at the time. A decade later, Easterly's rejoinder has prompted us to examine the view that occupational capture (the capture of talent by particular occupations) can contribute to economic stagnation, by revisiting the notion of lawyers as negative externalities to the growth process.
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    Do Public Subsidies Complement Business R&D? A Meta-Analysis of the Econometric Evidence (2004)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 57 (2004), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Analysis of the effects of public financing on private investment in R & D has been the object of numerous applied studies without it having been possible to arrive at a definite conclusion. In this paper the results of a meta-regression of econometric evidence on the relationship between public funding of R & D and private R & D expenditures is presented. After the creation of a data-base including all relevant studies and their results and characteristics, a meta-analysis was carried out to examine whether the characteristics of the applied analysis influence the results and explain the differences in the empirical literature on this subject.
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    The Institutional Determinants of Bilateral Trade Patterns (2004)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 57 (2004), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: This paper studies the effect of institutions on trade flows, using a gravity model approach. Standard gravity equations incorporate factors such as geographical proximity, language, trade policy and common history as explanatory factors for variation in bilateral trade that reflect the costs of trade across geographical and cultural distance. We extend this type of analysis by focusing on the relevance of the quality of governance and the extent of familiarity with the resulting framework of rules and norms in explaining variation in bilateral trade patterns. More specifically, we test whether institutional homogeneity and institutional quality have an independent impact on the trade volume between pairs of countries. We find that having a similar institutional framework promotes bilateral trade by 13%, on average. Furthermore, a better quality of formal institutions tends to coincide with more trade. Depending on being either importer or exporter, an increase in overall institutional quality of one standard deviation from the mean leads to an estimated increase of 30–44% in bilateral trade.
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    Migration, Self-Selection and Income Inequality: An International Analysis (2004)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 57 (2004), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: In the context of an emerging focus on highly skilled migration throughout the OECD area, the question under which circumstances migrants can be expected to be relatively skilled is of particular importance. Borjas has analysed the relation between the income distribution and the skills of migrants. His self-selection model predicts that immigrants from countries with a higher income inequality tend to be negatively selected (i.e., less skilled than the average worker in both host and source countries). According to other models based on the human capital theory of migration, however, migrants can be expected to be relatively skilled. Empirical tests of Borjas' much-disputed negative self-selection hypothesis generally rely on immigration data, particularly to the US, and may therefore be biased due to host-country specifics such as network migration and the impact of migration policy. This paper analyses the relationship between country-specific emigration propensities and each country's score on various indices of income inequality with a rich international microdata set. The main result is that highly-skilled persons are more inclined to migrate, though a higher income inequality attenuates the positive selectivity.
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    Editorial: teleworking (2003)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    New technology, work and employment 18 (2003), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1468-005X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
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    What's in a name? Definitions and conceptualisations of teleworking and homeworking (2003)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    New technology, work and employment 18 (2003), S. 0 
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    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Interest in paid work performed in the home increasingly focuses on the concept of telework but debate over definitions continues. This paper discusses aspects of this debate and argues that project-specific definitions are useful and inevitable. The assertion that a single definition should be used by all research in this area is challenged.
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    Knowledge work in distributed environments: issues and illusions (2003)
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    New technology, work and employment 18 (2003), S. 0 
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    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Although Finland is one of the most advanced and competitive economies in the world, with a sophisticated technological infrastructure, only four per cent of Finnish wage earners regard themselves as doing telework, and a further four per cent had tried telework. Empirical evidence of telework is presented in this paper.
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    Controlling teleworkers: supervision and flexibility revisited (2003)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    New technology, work and employment 18 (2003), S. 0 
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    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: This article revisits the issue of control and autonomy in telework using interviews with professional, managerial and sales teleworkers in a large Canadian telecommunications company. It finds that the changes in control and autonomy are limited to restructuring of the work schedules and the differences across teleworkers are reproduced.
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    The psychological impact of teleworking: stress, emotions and health (2003)
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    New technology, work and employment 18 (2003), S. 0 
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    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: The paper examines the psychological impact of teleworking compared to office-based work. Results suggest a negative emotional impact of teleworking, particularly in terms of such emotions as loneliness, irritability, worry and guilt, and that teleworkers experience significantly more mental health symptoms of stress than office-workers and slightly more physical health symptoms.
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    Remote working—altering the spatial contours of work and home in the new economy (2003)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    New technology, work and employment 18 (2003), S. 0 
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    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: The temporal pattern of work has changed in its daily, weekly and monthly rhythms, but so has the ‘spatiality’ of work: for some paid work is undertaken at home, or in cyberspace. Telecommuting can be used to ‘improve’ the lifestyles of long distance weekly commuters and their families.
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    What is family friendly about the workplace in the home? The case of self-employed parents and their children (2003)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    New technology, work and employment 18 (2003), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1468-005X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: This article draws upon the narratives of self-employed parents, their partners and children in order to examine the ‘family friendliness’ of making the home a site of paid work. While not fitting narrow definitions of ‘teleworker’ the subjects daily confronted the use of space in their homes, and access to technologies there.
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    Services innovation and the transformation of work: the case of UK telecommunications (2003)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    New technology, work and employment 18 (2003), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1468-005X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Current transformations in technologies and industrial structure of UK telecommunications have important implications for skills and work organisation. This is examined in different divisions of a large UK telecommunications firm: call centres, customer service centres, engineering sectors and the R&D department. The effect of these transformations on the development of firm competences is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-005X.00111
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  • 95
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    What is value–adding? Contradictions in the practice of BPR in a Danish Social Service Administration (2003)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    New technology, work and employment 18 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-005X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: This article explores the implementation of BPR in the Social Service Administration in a Danish municipality. The technical rationality inherited in BPR marginalises broader conceptions of work–rationality represented by the social workers. This results in a ‘clash’ between rationalities in the Family Group, causing increased strain and lower job satisfaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0028-646X.2001.00249.x-i1
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  • 96
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    EDITORIAL (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Teaching statistics 25 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-9639
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9639.00133
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  • 97
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regression through the Origin (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Teaching statistics 25 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-9639
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: This article describes situations in which regression through the origin is appropriate, derives the normal equation for such a regression and explains the controversy regarding its evaluative statistics. Differences between three popular software packages that allow regression through the origin are illustrated using examples from previous issues of Teaching Statistics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9639.00136
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  • 98
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    Electronic Resource
    Teaching Confidence Intervals with Java Applets (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Teaching statistics 25 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-9639
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Confidence intervals are pedagogically important but often misinterpreted. This article describes Java applets designed to help students understand two interpretations of confidence intervals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9639.00134
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  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    BOOK REVIEW (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Teaching statistics 25 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-9639
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9639.00140
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  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Record Values and Surviving Glacial Moraines (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Teaching statistics 25 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-9639
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Estimating the number of glacial advances from surviving glacial debris can, amazingly enough, be cast as a records problem for which there is a substantial statistical literature. As a result, instructors may illustrate method of moments and maximum-likelihood estimation techniques with an interesting problem in the physical sciences.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9639.00138
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