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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spin-resolved electronic band structure of fct-cobalt (100) (abstract) : 35th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 5003-5003 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The spin-polarized electronic structure of the fcc high-temperature modification of cobalt has not been investigated yet, because of the experimental difficulties of photoemission at high temperature. We stabilized fcc Co by molecular-beam epitaxy on a Cu(100) substrate with large, atomically flat terasses (0.5–1 μm wide) as revealed by STM. The structure of the layers was studied by LEED and MEED, showing a tetragonal distortion of the fcc lattice perpendicular to the (100) surface plane. The dispersion of the exchange split bands perpendicular to the surface was determined for a 5-monolayer-thick sample (tetragonal distortion on average 4%–5%) by spin- and momentum-resolved photoemission. The results are compared to two relativistic spin-polarized band-structure calculations for fcc cobalt. Somewhat surprisingly, even a 5-ML-thick sample shows three-dimensional dispersion in good agreement with the calculations, as far as the average exchange splitting (1.2±0.2 eV), and the symmetry character of the bands is concerned. There are, however, some systematic deviations of minority bands near the Fermi energy which are attributed to the tetragonal compression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.348153
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Organic scintillators with unusually large Stokes' shifts (1978)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 82 (1978), S. 459-463 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100493a017
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetic studies on the nucleophilic addition to double bonds. 1. Addition of amines to electrophilic carbon-carbon double bonds (1979)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 101 (1979), S. 4708-4713 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00510a046
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structures and tautomerization energies of pyrrole and some pyrrole derivatives (1979)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of organic chemistry 44 (1979), S. 374-379 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6904
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo01317a014
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetic study of the hydration mechanism of vitamin B6 and related compounds (1970)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 92 (1970), S. 6134-6139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00724a006
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Competition and cooperation in catalytic selfreplication (1981)
    Springer
    Journal of mathematical biology 11 (1981), S. 155-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1416
    Keywords: Catalytic selfreplication ; Concentration simplex ; Dynamical systems ; Flow reactor ; Hypercycle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract It is shown that in a flow reactor, hypercyclic coupling of self-reproducing macromolecular species leads to cooperation, i.e. none of the concentrations will vanish. On the other hand, autocatalytic selfreproducing macromolecules usually compete, and the number of surving species increases with the total concentration. Both results are proved under very general assumptions concerning the growth rates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00275439
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stages of emerging life —Five principles of early organization (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 19 (1982), S. 47-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Prebiotic evolution ; Polynucleotide replication ; Quasispecies ; Hypercycles ; Compartmentalization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Five principles underly the evolution of the genetic language: formation of stereoregular heteropolymers, selection through self-replication, evolution of quasispecies towards optimal structures, regulated cooperation between competitors through catalytic hypercycles and evaluation of translation products through compartmentalization. These principles are formulated and illustrated by means of experimental results
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02100223
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Kinetik der Reaktion von Isobutylidenmeldrumsäure und von 3-Methyl-2-äthoxycarbonylbutyliden-1-meldrumsäure mit Diazoessigsäureäthylester (1971)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 102 (1971), S. 438-447 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Umsetzungen von Isobutylidenmeldrumsäure bzw. von 3-Methyl-2-äthoxycarbonylbutyliden-1-meldrumsäure mit Diazoessigester folgen Geschwindigkietsgesetzen 2. Ordnung. Aus der Temperaturabhängigkeit der Reaktionsgeschwindigkeitskonstanten errechnen sich Aktivierungsparameter, die jenen der 1,3-dipolaren Cycloaddition entsprechen. Diese Werte ändern sich nur wenig bei Übergang zu Lösungsmitteln unterschiedlicher Polarität. Die Ergebnisse lassen auf thermisch labile 1-Pyrazoline als Zwischenprodukte schließen, die dann zu den bekannten, stickstoffreien, stabilen Reaktionsprodukten zerfallen.
    Notes: Abstract The reaction of either isobutylidenmeldrum acid or 3-methyl-2-ethoxycarbonylbutyliden-1-Meldrum acid with ethyl diazoacetate exhibits second order kinetics. The values of the activation parameters, calculated from the temperature dependence of the rate constants, correspond to those obtained from 1,3 dipolar cyclo-addition reactions. These values are altered only slightly when the polarity of the solvent is changed. These results suggest that the reaction proceeds via a thermally labile 1-pyrazoline which then decomposes to give nitrogen and the observed products.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00909337
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fast folding and comparison of RNA secondary structures (1994)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 125 (1994), S. 167-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Inverse folding ; parallel computing ; public domain software ; RNA folding ; RNA secondary structures ; tree editing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die im Vienna RNA package enthaltenen Computer Programme für die Berechnung und den Vergleich von RNA Sekundärstrukturen werden präsentiert. Ihren Kern bilden Algorithmen zur Vorhersage von Strukturen minimaler Energie sowie zur Berechnung von Zustandssumme und Basenpaarungswahrscheinlichkeiten mittels dynamischer Programmierung. Ein effizienter heuristischer Algorithmus für das inverse Faltungsproblem wird vorgestellt. Darüberhinaus präsentieren wir kompakte und effiziente Programme zum Vergleich von RNA Sekundärstrukturen durch Baum-Editierung und Alignierung. Alle Programme sind in ANSI C geschrieben, darunter auch eine Implementation des Faltungs-algorithmus für Parallelrechner mit verteiltem Speicher. Wie Tests auf einem Intel Hypercube zeigen, wird das Parallelrechnen umso effizienter je länger die Sequenzen sind.
    Notes: Summary Computer codes for computation and comparison of RNA secondary structures, the Vienna RNA package, are presented, that are based on dynamic programming algorithms and aim at predictions of structures with minimum free energies as well as at computations of the equilibrium partition functions and base pairing probabilities. An efficient heuristic for the inverse folding problem of RNA is introduced. In addition we present compact and efficient programs for the comparison of RNA secondary structures based on tree editing and alignment. All computer codes are written in ANSI C. They include implementations of modified algorithms on parallel computers with distributed memory. Performance analysis carried out on an Intel Hypercube shows that parallel computing becomes gradually more and more efficient the longer the sequences are.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00818163
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RNA multi-structure landscapes (1993)
    Springer
    European biophysics journal 22 (1993), S. 13-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1017
    Keywords: Fitness landscapes ; Partition function ; Quasispecies ; RNA secondary structures
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Statistical properties of RNA folding landscapes obtained by the partition function algorithm (McCaskill 1990) are investigated in detail. The pair correlation of free energies as a function of the Hamming distance is used as a measure for the ruggedness of the landscape. The calculation of the partition function contains information about the entire ensemble of secondary structures as a function of temperature and opens the door to all quantities of thermodynamic interest, in contrast with the conventional minimal free energy approach. A metric distance of structure ensembles is introduced and pair correlations at the level of the structures themselves are computed. Just as with landscapes based on most stable secondary structure prediction, the landscapes defined on the full biophysical GCAU alphabet are much smoother than the landscapes restricted to pure GC sequences and the correlation lengths are almost constant fractions of the chain lengths. Correlation functions for multi-structure landscapes exhibit an increased correlation length, especially near the melting temperature. However, the main effect on evolution is rather an effective increase in sampling for finite populations where each sequence explores multiple structures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00205808
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