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  • Male  (23)
  • Kinetics  (8)
  • ddc:330
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (31)
  • 1
    Publication Date: 1999-06-12
    Description: In many organisms, master control genes coordinately regulate sex-specific aspects of development. SDC-2 was shown to induce hermaphrodite sexual differentiation and activate X chromosome dosage compensation in Caenorhabditis elegans. To control these distinct processes, SDC-2 acts as a strong gene-specific repressor and a weaker chromosome-wide repressor. To initiate hermaphrodite development, SDC-2 associates with the promoter of the male sex-determining gene her-1 to repress its transcription. To activate dosage compensation, SDC-2 triggers assembly of a specialized protein complex exclusively on hermaphrodite X chromosomes to reduce gene expression by half. SDC-2 can localize to X chromosomes without other components of the dosage compensation complex, suggesting that SDC-2 targets dosage compensation machinery to X chromosomes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dawes, H E -- Berlin, D S -- Lapidus, D M -- Nusbaum, C -- Davis, T L -- Meyer, B J -- GM30702/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM07127/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jun 11;284(5421):1800-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3204, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10364546" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Caenorhabditis elegans/embryology/*genetics/physiology ; *Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins ; *DNA-Binding Proteins ; Disorders of Sex Development ; *Dosage Compensation, Genetic ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Genes, Helminth ; Helminth Proteins/genetics/*physiology ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Repressor Proteins/genetics/*physiology ; *Sex Determination Processes ; Transgenes ; X Chromosome/genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2002-03-09
    Description: Time courses of translocation of fluorescently conjugated proteins to the plasma membrane were simultaneously measured in thousands of individual rat basophilic leukemia cells. We found that the C2 domain---a calcium-sensing, lipid-binding protein module that is an essential regulator of protein kinase C and numerous other proteins---targeted proteins to the plasma membrane transiently if calcium was released from internal stores, and persistently in response to entry of extracellular calcium across the plasma membrane. The C2 domain translocation time courses of stimulated cells clustered into only two primary modes. Hence, the reversible recruitment of families of signaling proteins from one cellular compartment to another is a rapid bifurcation mechanism for inducing discrete states of cellular signaling networks.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Teruel, Mary N -- Meyer, Tobias -- CA83229/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM062144/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HG00057/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Mar 8;295(5561):1910-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Stanford University Medical School, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11884760" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bacterial Proteins ; Calcium/*metabolism ; *Calcium Signaling ; Cell Membrane/*metabolism ; Cytosol/metabolism ; Fluorescence ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Isoenzymes/chemistry/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Luminescent Proteins ; Platelet Activating Factor/pharmacology ; Protein Binding ; Protein Kinase C/chemistry/*metabolism ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; *Protein Transport ; Rats ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Software ; Thapsigargin/pharmacology ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2001-07-14
    Description: The endogenous opioid system is involved in stress responses, in the regulation of the experience of pain, and in the action of analgesic opiate drugs. We examined the function of the opioid system and mu-opioid receptors in the brains of healthy human subjects undergoing sustained pain. Sustained pain induced the regional release of endogenous opioids interacting with mu-opioid receptors in a number of cortical and subcortical brain regions. The activation of the mu-opioid receptor system was associated with reductions in the sensory and affective ratings of the pain experience, with distinct neuroanatomical involvements. These data demonstrate the central role of the mu-opioid receptors and their endogenous ligands in the regulation of sensory and affective components of the pain experience.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zubieta, J K -- Smith, Y R -- Bueller, J A -- Xu, Y -- Kilbourn, M R -- Jewett, D M -- Meyer, C R -- Koeppe, R A -- Stohler, C S -- R01 DE 12059/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- R01 DE 12743/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Jul 13;293(5528):311-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Research Institute, Medical School, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104-1687, USA. zubieta@umich.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11452128" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Amygdala/physiology ; Analgesics, Opioid/administration & dosage ; Brain/*physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Female ; Fentanyl/administration & dosage/*analogs & derivatives ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Masseter Muscle ; Opioid Peptides/physiology ; *Pain ; Pain Measurement ; Receptors, Opioid, mu/*physiology ; Thalamus/physiology ; Tomography, Emission-Computed
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2000-10-29
    Description: An unusual property of the circadian timekeeping systems of animals is rhythm "splitting," in which a single daily period of physical activity (usually measured as wheel running) dissociates into two stably coupled components about 12 hours apart; this behavior has been ascribed to a clock composed of two circadian oscillators cycling in antiphase. We analyzed gene expression in the hypothalamic circadian clock, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), of behaviorally "split" hamsters housed in constant light. The results show that the two oscillators underlying the split condition correspond to the left and right sides of the bilaterally paired SCN.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉de la Iglesia, H O -- Meyer, J -- Carpino, A Jr -- Schwartz, W J -- R01 NS24542/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Oct 27;290(5492):799-801.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655, USA. hacho@bio.umass.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11052942" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: ARNTL Transcription Factors ; Animals ; Arginine Vasopressin/genetics/metabolism ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors ; Biological Clocks/*physiology ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; Circadian Rhythm/*physiology ; Cricetinae ; *Gene Expression ; Helix-Loop-Helix Motifs ; In Situ Hybridization ; Light ; Male ; Mesocricetus ; Motor Activity ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Period Circadian Proteins ; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus/metabolism/*physiology ; Transcription Factors/genetics/metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1991-03-15
    Description: The representation of pain in the cerebral cortex is less well understood than that of any other sensory system. However, with the use of magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography in humans, it has now been demonstrated that painful heat causes significant activation of the contralateral anterior cingulate, secondary somatosensory, and primary somatosensory cortices. This contrasts with the predominant activation of primary somatosensory cortex caused by vibrotactile stimuli in similar experiments. Furthermore, the unilateral cingulate activation indicates that this forebrain area, thought to regulate emotions, contains an unexpectedly specific representation of pain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Talbot, J D -- Marrett, S -- Evans, A C -- Meyer, E -- Bushnell, M C -- Duncan, G H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Mar 15;251(4999):1355-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratoire de neurophysiologie comportementale, Faculte de medecine dentaire, Universite de Montreal, Quebec, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2003220" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Animals ; Anxiety/physiopathology ; Brain Mapping ; Cerebral Cortex/*physiology ; Functional Laterality ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Pain/*physiopathology ; Tomography, Emission-Computed
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-12-11
    Description: The range of messenger action of a point source of Ca2+ or inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) was determined from measurements of their diffusion coefficients in a cytosolic extract from Xenopus laevis oocytes. The diffusion coefficient (D) of [3H]IP3 injected into an extract was 283 microns 2/s. D for Ca2+ increased from 13 to 65 microns 2/s when the free calcium concentration was raised from about 90 nM to 1 microM. The slow diffusion of Ca2+ in the physiologic concentration range results from its binding to slowly mobile or immobile buffers. The calculated effective ranges of free Ca2+ before it is buffered, buffered Ca2+, and IP3 determined from their diffusion coefficients and lifetimes were 0.1 micron, 5 microns, and 24 microns, respectively. Thus, for a transient point source of messenger in cells smaller than 20 microns, IP3 is a global messenger, whereas Ca2+ acts in restricted domains.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Allbritton, N L -- Meyer, T -- Stryer, L -- 5F32AI0814203/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- MH45324/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Dec 11;258(5089):1812-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell Biology, Stanford University, CA 94305.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1465619" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Calcium-Transporting ATPases/antagonists & inhibitors ; Carbonyl Cyanide p-Trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone/pharmacology ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Cytosol/metabolism ; Diffusion ; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Oocytes/drug effects/*metabolism ; *Second Messenger Systems ; *Signal Transduction ; Terpenes/pharmacology ; Thapsigargin ; Time Factors ; Xenopus laevis
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 1992-11-13
    Description: Linkage analysis of ten Utah kindreds and one Texas kindred with multiple cases of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) provided evidence that a locus for familial melanoma susceptibility is in the chromosomal region 9p13-p22. The genetic markers analyzed reside in a candidate region on chromosome 9p21, previously implicated by the presence of homozygous deletions in melanoma tumors and by the presence of a germline deletion in an individual with eight independent melanomas. Multipoint linkage analysis was performed between the familial melanoma susceptibility locus (MLM) and two short tandem repeat markers, D9S126 and the interferon-alpha (IFNA) gene, which reside in the region of somatic loss in melanoma tumors. An analysis incorporating a partially penetrant dominant melanoma susceptibility locus places MLM near IFNA and D9S126 with a maximum location score of 12.71. Therefore, the region frequently deleted in melanoma tumors on 9p21 presumably contains a locus that plays a critical role in predisposition to familial melanoma.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cannon-Albright, L A -- Goldgar, D E -- Meyer, L J -- Lewis, C M -- Anderson, D E -- Fountain, J W -- Hegi, M E -- Wiseman, R W -- Petty, E M -- Bale, A E -- CA 42014/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 48711/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- RR 00064/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Nov 13;258(5085):1148-52.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City 84132.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1439824" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Base Sequence ; Child ; Chromosome Aberrations ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9 ; Dysplastic Nevus Syndrome/genetics ; Female ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Genetic Markers ; Humans ; Lod Score ; Male ; Melanoma/*genetics ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Pedigree ; Skin Neoplasms/*genetics ; Texas ; Utah
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1992-05-22
    Description: Multifunctional calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaM kinase) transduces transient elevations in intracellular calcium into changes in the phosphorylation state and activity of target proteins. By fluorescence emission anisotropy, the affinity of CaM kinase for dansylated calmodulin was measured and found to increase 1000 times after autophosphorylation of the threonine at position 286 of the protein. Autophosphorylation markedly slowed the release of bound calcium-calmodulin; the release time increased from less than a second to several hundred seconds. In essence, calmodulin is trapped by autophosphorylation. The shift in affinity does not occur in a site-directed mutant in which threonine at position 286 has been replaced by a non-phosphorylatable amino acid. These experiments demonstrate the existence of a new state in which calmodulin is bound to CaM kinase even though the concentration of calcium is basal. Calmodulin trapping provides for molecular potentiation of calcium transients and may enable detection of their frequency.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Meyer, T -- Hanson, P I -- Stryer, L -- Schulman, H -- GM 40600/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM24032/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- MH45324/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 May 22;256(5060):1199-202.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1317063" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Binding, Competitive ; Calcium/pharmacology ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases ; Calmodulin/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Egtazic Acid/pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Binding ; Protein Kinases/genetics/*metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism ; Spectrometry, Fluorescence ; Threonine ; Time Factors ; Transfection
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2006-05-06
    Description: Fat tissue is the most important energy depot in vertebrates. The release of free fatty acids (FFAs) from stored fat requires the enzymatic activity of lipases. We showed that genetic inactivation of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) in mice increases adipose mass and leads to triacylglycerol deposition in multiple tissues. ATGL-deficient mice accumulated large amounts of lipid in the heart, causing cardiac dysfunction and premature death. Defective cold adaptation indicated that the enzyme provides FFAs to fuel thermogenesis. The reduced availability of ATGL-derived FFAs leads to increased glucose use, increased glucose tolerance, and increased insulin sensitivity. These results indicate that ATGL is rate limiting in the catabolism of cellular fat depots and plays an important role in energy homeostasis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Haemmerle, Guenter -- Lass, Achim -- Zimmermann, Robert -- Gorkiewicz, Gregor -- Meyer, Carola -- Rozman, Jan -- Heldmaier, Gerhard -- Maier, Robert -- Theussl, Christian -- Eder, Sandra -- Kratky, Dagmar -- Wagner, Erwin F -- Klingenspor, Martin -- Hoefler, Gerald -- Zechner, Rudolf -- F 3001/Austrian Science Fund FWF/Austria -- F 3002/Austrian Science Fund FWF/Austria -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 May 5;312(5774):734-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Austria.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16675698" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipocytes/cytology/metabolism ; Adipose Tissue/anatomy & histology/*enzymology/metabolism ; Adipose Tissue, Brown/enzymology ; Animals ; Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Size ; *Energy Metabolism ; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified/blood/metabolism ; Female ; Heart Failure/pathology ; Homeostasis ; Insulin/blood ; Isoproterenol/pharmacology ; Kidney/metabolism ; Lipase/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Lipids/blood ; *Lipolysis/drug effects ; Male ; Mice ; Myocardium/metabolism/pathology ; Myocytes, Cardiac/cytology/metabolism ; Oxygen Consumption ; Testis/metabolism ; Thermogenesis ; Triglycerides/*metabolism ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/physiopathology
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2006-10-07
    Description: Humans restrain self-interest with moral and social values. They are the only species known to exhibit reciprocal fairness, which implies the punishment of other individuals' unfair behaviors, even if it hurts the punisher's economic self-interest. Reciprocal fairness has been demonstrated in the Ultimatum Game, where players often reject their bargaining partner's unfair offers. Despite progress in recent years, however, little is known about how the human brain limits the impact of selfish motives and implements fair behavior. Here we show that disruption of the right, but not the left, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) by low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation substantially reduces subjects' willingness to reject their partners' intentionally unfair offers, which suggests that subjects are less able to resist the economic temptation to accept these offers. Importantly, however, subjects still judge such offers as very unfair, which indicates that the right DLPFC plays a key role in the implementation of fairness-related behaviors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Knoch, Daria -- Pascual-Leone, Alvaro -- Meyer, Kaspar -- Treyer, Valerie -- Fehr, Ernst -- K24 RR018875/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Nov 3;314(5800):829-32. Epub 2006 Oct 5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Empirical Research in Economics, University of Zurich, Blumlisalpstrasse 10, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland. dknoch@iew.unizh.ch〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17023614" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Decision Making ; Functional Laterality ; *Games, Experimental ; Humans ; Interpersonal Relations ; Judgment ; Male ; Prefrontal Cortex/*physiology ; *Social Behavior ; Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
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