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  • 1
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    Inversions and gene order shuffling in Anopheles gambiae and A. funestus (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-10-05
    Description: In tropical Africa, Anopheles funestus is one of the three most important malaria vectors. We physically mapped 157 A. funestus complementary DNAs (cDNAs) to the polytene chromosomes of this species. Sequences of the cDNAs were mapped in silico to the A. gambiae genome as part of a comparative genomic study of synteny, gene order, and sequence conservation between A. funestus and A. gambiae. These species are in the same subgenus and diverged about as recently as humans and chimpanzees. Despite nearly perfect preservation of synteny, we found substantial shuffling of gene order along corresponding chromosome arms. Since the divergence of these species, at least 70 chromosomal inversions have been fixed, the highest rate of rearrangement of any eukaryote studied to date. The high incidence of paracentric inversions and limited colinearity suggests that locating genes in one anopheline species based on gene order in another may be limited to closely related taxa.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sharakhov, Igor V -- Serazin, Andrew C -- Grushko, Olga G -- Dana, Ali -- Lobo, Neil -- Hillenmeyer, Maureen E -- Westerman, Richard -- Romero-Severson, Jeanne -- Costantini, Carlo -- Sagnon, N'Fale -- Collins, Frank H -- Besansky, Nora J -- AI48842/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U01 AI48846/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U01 AI50687/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Oct 4;298(5591):182-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Tropical Disease Research and Training, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556-0369, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12364797" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anopheles/classification/*genetics ; *Chromosome Inversion ; Chromosomes/genetics ; Conserved Sequence ; DNA, Complementary ; Evolution, Molecular ; Expressed Sequence Tags ; *Gene Order ; Gene Rearrangement ; *Genes, Insect ; Genetic Linkage ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Physical Chromosome Mapping ; Species Specificity ; Synteny
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    G protein-coupled receptors in Anopheles gambiae (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-10-05
    Description: We used bioinformatic approaches to identify a total of 276 G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) from the Anopheles gambiae genome. These include GPCRs that are likely to play roles in pathways affecting almost every aspect of the mosquito's life cycle. Seventy-nine candidate odorant receptors were characterized for tissue expression and, along with 76 putative gustatory receptors, for their molecular evolution relative to Drosophila melanogaster. Examples of lineage-specific gene expansions were observed as well as a single instance of unusually high sequence conservation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hill, Catherine A -- Fox, A Nicole -- Pitts, R Jason -- Kent, Lauren B -- Tan, Perciliz L -- Chrystal, Mathew A -- Cravchik, Anibal -- Collins, Frank H -- Robertson, Hugh M -- Zwiebel, Laurence J -- F31 DC05265-01A1/DC/NIDCD NIH HHS/ -- R01 DC004692/DC/NIDCD NIH HHS/ -- R01 DC04692-01/DC/NIDCD NIH HHS/ -- U01AI48846/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U01AI50687/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Oct 4;298(5591):176-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12364795" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alternative Splicing ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Anopheles/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; Computational Biology ; Conserved Sequence ; Drosophila Proteins/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Evolution, Molecular ; GTP-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; Gene Amplification ; Gene Expression ; *Genes, Insect ; Genome ; Insect Proteins/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Multigene Family ; Phylogeny ; Receptors, Cell Surface/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; Receptors, Odorant/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Signal Transduction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Evolution of supergene families associated with insecticide resistance (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-10-05
    Description: The emergence of insecticide resistance in the mosquito poses a serious threat to the efficacy of many malaria control programs. We have searched the Anopheles gambiae genome for members of the three major enzyme families- the carboxylesterases, glutathione transferases, and cytochrome P450s-that are primarily responsible for metabolic resistance to insecticides. A comparative genomic analysis with Drosophila melanogaster reveals that a considerable expansion of these supergene families has occurred in the mosquito. Low gene orthology and little chromosomal synteny paradoxically contrast the easily identified orthologous groups of genes presumably seeded by common ancestors. In A. gambiae, the independent expansion of paralogous genes is mainly a consequence of the formation of clusters among locally duplicated genes. These expansions may reflect the functional diversification of supergene families consistent with major differences in the life history and ecology of these organisms. These data provide a basis for identifying the resistance-associated enzymes within these families. This will enable the resistance status of mosquitoes, flies, and possibly other holometabolous insects to be monitored. The analyses also provide the means for identifying previously unknown molecules involved in fundamental biological processes such as development.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ranson, Hilary -- Claudianos, Charles -- Ortelli, Federica -- Abgrall, Christelle -- Hemingway, Janet -- Sharakhova, Maria V -- Unger, Maria F -- Collins, Frank H -- Feyereisen, Rene -- U01 AI48846/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U01 AI50687/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Oct 4;298(5591):179-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12364796" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anopheles/enzymology/*genetics ; Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases/chemistry/classification/*genetics/metabolism ; Computational Biology ; Conserved Sequence ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/chemistry/classification/*genetics/metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster/enzymology/genetics ; *Evolution, Molecular ; Genes, Duplicate ; Genes, Insect ; Genome ; Genomics ; Glutathione Transferase/chemistry/classification/*genetics/metabolism ; Insecticide Resistance/*genetics ; Multigene Family ; Mutation ; Phylogeny ; Physical Chromosome Mapping ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Terminology as Topic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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