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  • 1
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    Impacts of biodiversity loss on ocean ecosystem services (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-11-04
    Description: Human-dominated marine ecosystems are experiencing accelerating loss of populations and species, with largely unknown consequences. We analyzed local experiments, long-term regional time series, and global fisheries data to test how biodiversity loss affects marine ecosystem services across temporal and spatial scales. Overall, rates of resource collapse increased and recovery potential, stability, and water quality decreased exponentially with declining diversity. Restoration of biodiversity, in contrast, increased productivity fourfold and decreased variability by 21%, on average. We conclude that marine biodiversity loss is increasingly impairing the ocean's capacity to provide food, maintain water quality, and recover from perturbations. Yet available data suggest that at this point, these trends are still reversible.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Worm, Boris -- Barbier, Edward B -- Beaumont, Nicola -- Duffy, J Emmett -- Folke, Carl -- Halpern, Benjamin S -- Jackson, Jeremy B C -- Lotze, Heike K -- Micheli, Fiorenza -- Palumbi, Stephen R -- Sala, Enric -- Selkoe, Kimberley A -- Stachowicz, John J -- Watson, Reg -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Nov 3;314(5800):787-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 4J1. bworm@dal.ca〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17082450" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biodiversity ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Databases, Factual ; *Ecosystem ; Eukaryota ; *Fisheries ; *Fishes ; Forecasting ; Invertebrates ; Oceans and Seas ; Plants ; Population Dynamics ; Seafood ; Seawater ; Water Pollution
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Biodiversity and biogeography of phages in modern stromatolites and thrombolites (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2008-03-04
    Description: Viruses, and more particularly phages (viruses that infect bacteria), represent one of the most abundant living entities in aquatic and terrestrial environments. The biogeography of phages has only recently been investigated and so far reveals a cosmopolitan distribution of phage genetic material (or genotypes). Here we address this cosmopolitan distribution through the analysis of phage communities in modern microbialites, the living representatives of one of the most ancient life forms on Earth. On the basis of a comparative metagenomic analysis of viral communities associated with marine (Highborne Cay, Bahamas) and freshwater (Pozas Azules II and Rio Mesquites, Mexico) microbialites, we show that some phage genotypes are geographically restricted. The high percentage of unknown sequences recovered from the three metagenomes (〉97%), the low percentage similarities with sequences from other environmental viral (n = 42) and microbial (n = 36) metagenomes, and the absence of viral genotypes shared among microbialites indicate that viruses are genetically unique in these environments. Identifiable sequences in the Highborne Cay metagenome were dominated by single-stranded DNA microphages that were not detected in any other samples examined, including sea water, fresh water, sediment, terrestrial, extreme, metazoan-associated and marine microbial mats. Finally, a marine signature was present in the phage community of the Pozas Azules II microbialites, even though this environment has not been in contact with the ocean for tens of millions of years. Taken together, these results prove that viruses in modern microbialites display biogeographical variability and suggest that they may be derived from an ancient community.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Desnues, Christelle -- Rodriguez-Brito, Beltran -- Rayhawk, Steve -- Kelley, Scott -- Tran, Tuong -- Haynes, Matthew -- Liu, Hong -- Furlan, Mike -- Wegley, Linda -- Chau, Betty -- Ruan, Yijun -- Hall, Dana -- Angly, Florent E -- Edwards, Robert A -- Li, Linlin -- Thurber, Rebecca Vega -- Reid, R Pamela -- Siefert, Janet -- Souza, Valeria -- Valentine, David L -- Swan, Brandon K -- Breitbart, Mya -- Rohwer, Forest -- England -- Nature. 2008 Mar 20;452(7185):340-3. doi: 10.1038/nature06735. Epub 2008 Mar 2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182, USA. cdesnues@yahoo.fr〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18311127" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bacteriophages/classification/genetics/*isolation & purification/*physiology ; Bahamas ; *Biodiversity ; Capsid/chemistry ; Computational Biology ; DNA, Viral/analysis/genetics ; *Ecosystem ; Fresh Water/microbiology/virology ; Genome, Viral/genetics ; Genomics ; *Geography ; Geologic Sediments/microbiology/virology ; Mexico ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Proteome/metabolism ; Seawater/microbiology/virology ; *Water Microbiology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 3
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    Stream denitrification across biomes and its response to anthropogenic nitrate loading (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2008-03-14
    Description: Anthropogenic addition of bioavailable nitrogen to the biosphere is increasing and terrestrial ecosystems are becoming increasingly nitrogen-saturated, causing more bioavailable nitrogen to enter groundwater and surface waters. Large-scale nitrogen budgets show that an average of about 20-25 per cent of the nitrogen added to the biosphere is exported from rivers to the ocean or inland basins, indicating that substantial sinks for nitrogen must exist in the landscape. Streams and rivers may themselves be important sinks for bioavailable nitrogen owing to their hydrological connections with terrestrial systems, high rates of biological activity, and streambed sediment environments that favour microbial denitrification. Here we present data from nitrogen stable isotope tracer experiments across 72 streams and 8 regions representing several biomes. We show that total biotic uptake and denitrification of nitrate increase with stream nitrate concentration, but that the efficiency of biotic uptake and denitrification declines as concentration increases, reducing the proportion of in-stream nitrate that is removed from transport. Our data suggest that the total uptake of nitrate is related to ecosystem photosynthesis and that denitrification is related to ecosystem respiration. In addition, we use a stream network model to demonstrate that excess nitrate in streams elicits a disproportionate increase in the fraction of nitrate that is exported to receiving waters and reduces the relative role of small versus large streams as nitrate sinks.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mulholland, Patrick J -- Helton, Ashley M -- Poole, Geoffrey C -- Hall, Robert O -- Hamilton, Stephen K -- Peterson, Bruce J -- Tank, Jennifer L -- Ashkenas, Linda R -- Cooper, Lee W -- Dahm, Clifford N -- Dodds, Walter K -- Findlay, Stuart E G -- Gregory, Stanley V -- Grimm, Nancy B -- Johnson, Sherri L -- McDowell, William H -- Meyer, Judy L -- Valett, H Maurice -- Webster, Jackson R -- Arango, Clay P -- Beaulieu, Jake J -- Bernot, Melody J -- Burgin, Amy J -- Crenshaw, Chelsea L -- Johnson, Laura T -- Niederlehner, B R -- O'Brien, Jonathan M -- Potter, Jody D -- Sheibley, Richard W -- Sobota, Daniel J -- Thomas, Suzanne M -- England -- Nature. 2008 Mar 13;452(7184):202-5. doi: 10.1038/nature06686.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA. mulhollandpj@ornl.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18337819" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Bacteria/metabolism ; Computer Simulation ; *Ecosystem ; Geography ; *Human Activities ; Nitrates/*analysis/*metabolism ; Nitrites/*analysis/*metabolism ; Nitrogen/analysis/metabolism ; Nitrogen Isotopes ; Plants/metabolism ; Rivers/*chemistry ; Urbanization
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 4
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    Functional metagenomic profiling of nine biomes (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2008-03-14
    Description: Microbial activities shape the biogeochemistry of the planet and macroorganism health. Determining the metabolic processes performed by microbes is important both for understanding and for manipulating ecosystems (for example, disruption of key processes that lead to disease, conservation of environmental services, and so on). Describing microbial function is hampered by the inability to culture most microbes and by high levels of genomic plasticity. Metagenomic approaches analyse microbial communities to determine the metabolic processes that are important for growth and survival in any given environment. Here we conduct a metagenomic comparison of almost 15 million sequences from 45 distinct microbiomes and, for the first time, 42 distinct viromes and show that there are strongly discriminatory metabolic profiles across environments. Most of the functional diversity was maintained in all of the communities, but the relative occurrence of metabolisms varied, and the differences between metagenomes predicted the biogeochemical conditions of each environment. The magnitude of the microbial metabolic capabilities encoded by the viromes was extensive, suggesting that they serve as a repository for storing and sharing genes among their microbial hosts and influence global evolutionary and metabolic processes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dinsdale, Elizabeth A -- Edwards, Robert A -- Hall, Dana -- Angly, Florent -- Breitbart, Mya -- Brulc, Jennifer M -- Furlan, Mike -- Desnues, Christelle -- Haynes, Matthew -- Li, Linlin -- McDaniel, Lauren -- Moran, Mary Ann -- Nelson, Karen E -- Nilsson, Christina -- Olson, Robert -- Paul, John -- Brito, Beltran Rodriguez -- Ruan, Yijun -- Swan, Brandon K -- Stevens, Rick -- Valentine, David L -- Thurber, Rebecca Vega -- Wegley, Linda -- White, Bryan A -- Rohwer, Forest -- England -- Nature. 2008 Apr 3;452(7187):629-32. doi: 10.1038/nature06810. Epub 2008 Mar 12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182, USA. elizabeth_dinsdale@hotmail.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18337718" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anthozoa/physiology ; Archaea/genetics/isolation & purification/metabolism ; Bacteria/*genetics/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; Chemotaxis/genetics ; Computational Biology ; Culicidae/physiology ; *Ecosystem ; Fishes/physiology ; Fresh Water ; *Gene Expression Profiling ; Genome, Archaeal ; Genome, Bacterial ; Genome, Viral ; *Genomics ; Microbiology ; Seawater ; Viruses/*genetics/isolation & purification/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    The widespread threat of calcium decline in fresh waters (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2008-11-29
    Description: Calcium concentrations are now commonly declining in softwater boreal lakes. Although the mechanisms leading to these declines are generally well known, the consequences for the aquatic biota have not yet been reported. By examining crustacean zooplankton remains preserved in lake sediment cores, we document near extirpations of calcium-rich Daphnia species, which are keystone herbivores in pelagic food webs, concurrent with declining lake-water calcium. A large proportion (62%, 47 to 81% by region) of the Canadian Shield lakes we examined has a calcium concentration approaching or below the threshold at which laboratory Daphnia populations suffer reduced survival and fecundity. The ecological impacts of environmental calcium loss are likely to be both widespread and pronounced.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jeziorski, Adam -- Yan, Norman D -- Paterson, Andrew M -- Desellas, Anna M -- Turner, Michael A -- Jeffries, Dean S -- Keller, Bill -- Weeber, Russ C -- McNicol, Don K -- Palmer, Michelle E -- McIver, Kyle -- Arseneau, Kristina -- Ginn, Brian K -- Cumming, Brian F -- Smol, John P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Nov 28;322(5906):1374-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1164949.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Paleoecological Environmental Assessment and Research Lab, Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada, K7L 3N6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19039134" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium/*analysis ; Daphnia/*physiology ; *Ecosystem ; Food Chain ; Fresh Water/*chemistry ; Geologic Sediments ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Ontario ; Population Dynamics ; Reproduction ; Zooplankton/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Ecosystem service supply and vulnerability to global change in Europe (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2005-10-29
    Description: Global change will alter the supply of ecosystem services that are vital for human well-being. To investigate ecosystem service supply during the 21st century, we used a range of ecosystem models and scenarios of climate and land-use change to conduct a Europe-wide assessment. Large changes in climate and land use typically resulted in large changes in ecosystem service supply. Some of these trends may be positive (for example, increases in forest area and productivity) or offer opportunities (for example, "surplus land" for agricultural extensification and bioenergy production). However, many changes increase vulnerability as a result of a decreasing supply of ecosystem services (for example, declining soil fertility, declining water availability, increasing risk of forest fires), especially in the Mediterranean and mountain regions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schroter, Dagmar -- Cramer, Wolfgang -- Leemans, Rik -- Prentice, I Colin -- Araujo, Miguel B -- Arnell, Nigel W -- Bondeau, Alberte -- Bugmann, Harald -- Carter, Timothy R -- Gracia, Carlos A -- de la Vega-Leinert, Anne C -- Erhard, Markus -- Ewert, Frank -- Glendining, Margaret -- House, Joanna I -- Kankaanpaa, Susanna -- Klein, Richard J T -- Lavorel, Sandra -- Lindner, Marcus -- Metzger, Marc J -- Meyer, Jeannette -- Mitchell, Timothy D -- Reginster, Isabelle -- Rounsevell, Mark -- Sabate, Santi -- Sitch, Stephen -- Smith, Ben -- Smith, Jo -- Smith, Pete -- Sykes, Martin T -- Thonicke, Kirsten -- Thuiller, Wilfried -- Tuck, Gill -- Zaehle, Sonke -- Zierl, Barbel -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Nov 25;310(5752):1333-7. Epub 2005 Oct 27.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, 14473 Potsdam, Germany. dagmar.schroeter@gmail.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16254151" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Biodiversity ; Carbon ; Climate ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Crops, Agricultural ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Europe ; Greenhouse Effect ; Humans ; Models, Statistical ; Models, Theoretical ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Trees/growth & development ; Urban Population ; Water Supply ; Wood
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    One-third of reef-building corals face elevated extinction risk from climate change and local impacts (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2008-07-26
    Description: The conservation status of 845 zooxanthellate reef-building coral species was assessed by using International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List Criteria. Of the 704 species that could be assigned conservation status, 32.8% are in categories with elevated risk of extinction. Declines in abundance are associated with bleaching and diseases driven by elevated sea surface temperatures, with extinction risk further exacerbated by local-scale anthropogenic disturbances. The proportion of corals threatened with extinction has increased dramatically in recent decades and exceeds that of most terrestrial groups. The Caribbean has the largest proportion of corals in high extinction risk categories, whereas the Coral Triangle (western Pacific) has the highest proportion of species in all categories of elevated extinction risk. Our results emphasize the widespread plight of coral reefs and the urgent need to enact conservation measures.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carpenter, Kent E -- Abrar, Muhammad -- Aeby, Greta -- Aronson, Richard B -- Banks, Stuart -- Bruckner, Andrew -- Chiriboga, Angel -- Cortes, Jorge -- Delbeek, J Charles -- Devantier, Lyndon -- Edgar, Graham J -- Edwards, Alasdair J -- Fenner, Douglas -- Guzman, Hector M -- Hoeksema, Bert W -- Hodgson, Gregor -- Johan, Ofri -- Licuanan, Wilfredo Y -- Livingstone, Suzanne R -- Lovell, Edward R -- Moore, Jennifer A -- Obura, David O -- Ochavillo, Domingo -- Polidoro, Beth A -- Precht, William F -- Quibilan, Miledel C -- Reboton, Clarissa -- Richards, Zoe T -- Rogers, Alex D -- Sanciangco, Jonnell -- Sheppard, Anne -- Sheppard, Charles -- Smith, Jennifer -- Stuart, Simon -- Turak, Emre -- Veron, John E N -- Wallace, Carden -- Weil, Ernesto -- Wood, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Jul 25;321(5888):560-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1159196. Epub 2008 Jul 10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) Species Programme Species Survival Commission (SSC), Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA. kcarpent@odu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18653892" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Anthozoa/classification/growth & development ; Caribbean Region ; *Climate ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; *Extinction, Biological ; Greenhouse Effect ; Indian Ocean ; Pacific Ocean ; Risk Assessment ; *Seawater ; Species Specificity ; Temperature
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Ecosystem energetic implications of parasite and free-living biomass in three estuaries (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2008-07-25
    Description: Parasites can have strong impacts but are thought to contribute little biomass to ecosystems. We quantified the biomass of free-living and parasitic species in three estuaries on the Pacific coast of California and Baja California. Here we show that parasites have substantial biomass in these ecosystems. We found that parasite biomass exceeded that of top predators. The biomass of trematodes was particularly high, being comparable to that of the abundant birds, fishes, burrowing shrimps and polychaetes. Trophically transmitted parasites and parasitic castrators subsumed more biomass than did other parasitic functional groups. The extended phenotype biomass controlled by parasitic castrators sometimes exceeded that of their uninfected hosts. The annual production of free-swimming trematode transmission stages was greater than the combined biomass of all quantified parasites and was also greater than bird biomass. This biomass and productivity of parasites implies a profound role for infectious processes in these estuaries.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kuris, Armand M -- Hechinger, Ryan F -- Shaw, Jenny C -- Whitney, Kathleen L -- Aguirre-Macedo, Leopoldina -- Boch, Charlie A -- Dobson, Andrew P -- Dunham, Eleca J -- Fredensborg, Brian L -- Huspeni, Todd C -- Lorda, Julio -- Mababa, Luzviminda -- Mancini, Frank T -- Mora, Adrienne B -- Pickering, Maria -- Talhouk, Nadia L -- Torchin, Mark E -- Lafferty, Kevin D -- England -- Nature. 2008 Jul 24;454(7203):515-8. doi: 10.1038/nature06970.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology and Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA. kuris@lifesci.ucsb.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18650923" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biomass ; California ; *Ecosystem ; Host-Parasite Interactions ; Pacific Ocean ; Parasites/*isolation & purification/*physiology ; Snails/parasitology ; Trematoda/isolation & purification/physiology ; Trematode Infections/parasitology ; Wetlands
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    A unifying framework for dinitrogen fixation in the terrestrial biosphere (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2008-06-20
    Description: Dinitrogen (N(2)) fixation is widely recognized as an important process in controlling ecosystem responses to global environmental change, both today and in the past; however, significant discrepancies exist between theory and observations of patterns of N(2) fixation across major sectors of the land biosphere. A question remains as to why symbiotic N(2)-fixing plants are more abundant in vast areas of the tropics than in many of the mature forests that seem to be nitrogen-limited in the temperate and boreal zones. Here we present a unifying framework for terrestrial N(2) fixation that can explain the geographic occurrence of N(2) fixers across diverse biomes and at the global scale. By examining trade-offs inherent in plant carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus capture, we find a clear advantage to symbiotic N(2) fixers in phosphorus-limited tropical savannas and lowland tropical forests. The ability of N(2) fixers to invest nitrogen into phosphorus acquisition seems vital to sustained N(2) fixation in phosphorus-limited tropical ecosystems. In contrast, modern-day temperatures seem to constrain N(2) fixation rates and N(2)-fixing species from mature forests in the high latitudes. We propose that an analysis that couples biogeochemical cycling and biophysical mechanisms is sufficient to explain the principal geographical patterns of symbiotic N(2) fixation on land, thus providing a basis for predicting the response of nutrient-limited ecosystems to climate change and increasing atmospheric CO(2).〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Houlton, Benjamin Z -- Wang, Ying-Ping -- Vitousek, Peter M -- Field, Christopher B -- England -- Nature. 2008 Jul 17;454(7202):327-30. doi: 10.1038/nature07028. Epub 2008 Jun 18.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA. bzhoulton@ucdavis.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18563086" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Ecosystem ; Models, Biological ; *Nitrogen Fixation ; Nitrogenase/metabolism ; Phosphates/metabolism ; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases/metabolism ; Plants/enzymology/*metabolism ; Soil/analysis ; Symbiosis ; Temperature ; Tropical Climate
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    A safe operating space for humanity (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-09-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rockstrom, Johan -- Steffen, Will -- Noone, Kevin -- Persson, Asa -- Chapin, F Stuart 3rd -- Lambin, Eric F -- Lenton, Timothy M -- Scheffer, Marten -- Folke, Carl -- Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim -- Nykvist, Bjorn -- de Wit, Cynthia A -- Hughes, Terry -- van der Leeuw, Sander -- Rodhe, Henning -- Sorlin, Sverker -- Snyder, Peter K -- Costanza, Robert -- Svedin, Uno -- Falkenmark, Malin -- Karlberg, Louise -- Corell, Robert W -- Fabry, Victoria J -- Hansen, James -- Walker, Brian -- Liverman, Diana -- Richardson, Katherine -- Crutzen, Paul -- Foley, Jonathan A -- England -- Nature. 2009 Sep 24;461(7263):472-5. doi: 10.1038/461472a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Kraftriket 2B, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19779433" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biodiversity ; Civilization ; Conservation of Natural Resources/*methods/trends ; *Earth (Planet) ; Ecology/*methods/*trends ; *Ecosystem ; Extinction, Biological ; Fossils ; Green Chemistry Technology/*methods/trends ; Greenhouse Effect ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; History, Ancient ; *Human Activities/history ; Humans ; Nitrogen/metabolism ; Phosphorus/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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