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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of the Growth of Thin Expitaxial CVD Diamond Films on Silicon (1996)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 228-231 (July 1996), p. 445-450 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/02/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.228-231.445.pdf
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adenylate storage, metabolism and utilization in coelomic cells of the polychaeteNereis virens (Annelida, polychaeta) (1996)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 52 (1996), S. 481-486 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Polychaete ; coelomic cells ; eleocytes ; adenylates ; ADP ; AMP ; inosine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Eleocytes are specialized coelomic cells in nereid annelids which assume a central role during germ cell development. They may contain extremely high concentrations of both adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) (each 〉10 μmol/ml of cell vol.), whereas the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content is comparatively low (0.8 μmol/ml cell vol.).31P nuclear magnetic, resonance (NMR) studies of living eleocytes suggest the compartmentalization of both AMP and ADP in the large acidic vacuole characteristic for this cell type. Eleocytes are thus capable of storing high concentrations of ADP and AMP without inhibiting energy metabolism, by sequestering these compounds in a separate compartment. The high concentrations of both AMP and ADP in the eleocytes decrease in both males and females during the course of maturation. In eleocytes of male animals, the decline of the high nucleotide concentrations was accompanied by a transient increase of two intracellular nucleosides, inosine and guanosine. This suggests the degradation and further metabolism of nucleotides to the corresponding nucleosides. In culture, eleocytes release both inosine and guanosine into the medium. Both nucleosides are also present in the coelomic fluid, the common compartment for both eleocytes and germ cells. Both male and female germ cells incorporate14C-labelled inosine and guanosine in culture. For oocytes, the further incorporation of [14C]inosine into the RNA fraction could be demonstrated. The large adenylate pools in the eleocytes may be regarded as a store for purine compounds for later use by the growing germ cells to supplement nucleic acid synthesis. The supply of nucleic acid precursors seems to be another specific function of eleocytes related to gametogenesis, in addition to their known synthesis of vitellogenin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01919320
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    X-ray pole-figure study of the epitaxial growth of C60 thin films on mica (001) (1995)
    Springer
    Applied physics 60 (1995), S. 383-389 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 68.55; 61.10; 81.40.Ef
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The growth of epitaxial C60 thin films on mica(0 0 1) by thermal evaporation has been studied in detail by X-ray pole-figure measurements. The influence of the deposition rate, the substrate temperature and the film thickness on the in-plane epitaxial arrangements and the formation of twins has been investigated. It has been demonstrated that the C60 growth is determined by two independent and equivalent C60-crystal grain alignments (type-A and type-B). The nearly six-fold symmetry of the mica(0 0 1)-substrate surface offers the three-fold fcc-(1 1 1)-oriented C60-crystal grains two equivalent crystal alignments. A high deposition rate of 0.5 AÅ/s is responsible for the formation of twins at a substrate temperature of 150° C, which diminishes by a higher substrate temperature of 200° C. By a decrease of the deposition rate down to 0.08 AÅ/s the twins vanish at a film thickness of 200 nm and at the substrate temperature of 150° C. Under the same sublimation conditions, in addition to the type-A and type-B crystal orientations, the growth of the thin C60 films starts with a slight fibre texture which does not appear at a larger film thickness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01538338
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of the initial growth phase of chemical vapor deposited diamond on silicon(001) by synchrotron radiation (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 1907-1910 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Very thin diamond films (thickness ∼0.1 μm) have been investigated by x-ray diffraction pole figure measurements using synchrotron radiation in order to understand the mechanism of heteroepitaxial diamond nucleation and the first steps of film growth on silicon(001) substrates. The diamond layers consist of an epitaxially aligned component with a crystallographic orientation identical to the substrate. The initial orientational spread of the grains around the perfect epitaxial orientation prior to any modification by a subsequent textured growth step has been determined. In the studied temperature range for the nucleation step the misalignment decreases slightly with increasing temperature. Besides the epitaxial crystallites their corresponding twins of first and second order have been found. The intensity distribution of the pole figures indicates that the process of twinning plays a dominating role in the initial growth stage which shows a tendency to become even more pronounced for higher substrate temperatures. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361080
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Texture analysis of chemical vapor deposited diamond films on silicon by the component method (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 4765-4770 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Oriented diamond films have been grown on Si(001) and Si(111) substrates by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition. X-ray diffractometry has been employed for pole figure measurements which have been evaluated by the component method. This technique can be applied to multiphase materials with overlapping pole figures. It decomposes the texture into components by identifying preferred directions in the pole density distribution. Thereby the textures of both diamond on Si(001) and on Si(111) have been reproduced quantitatively elucidating the heteroepitaxial orientational relationship and the occurrence of twinning. The volume fractions of both epitaxially oriented diamond crystallites and their twins of first order have been determined. It is shown that under the employed nucleation and growth conditions twinning is more pronounced for diamond on Si(111) than on Si(001). Furthermore, the fraction of randomly oriented crystallites in both textures has been determined. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.359412
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A sublimation probe for the injection of high-Z impurities into fusion devices (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 70 (1999), S. 63-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: For the investigation of high-Z impurities in the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak a sublimation probe was developed and tested. With this probe it is possible to inject materials, that sublimate at temperatures from about 50 to 150 °C into the plasma through a controllable valve. For the investigation of the tungsten transport in ASDEX Upgrade the probe was operated with tungsten carbonyl. The flux of tungsten, which is difficult to determine directly because of the uncertain atomic data, can be determined using the fluxes of oxygen and carbon, the atomic data of which are better known. In this article the setup of the probe and first experiments are described. Here the layer of deposited tungsten was investigated and the number of emitted photons per ionization (the S/XB ratio) for the 400.8 nm line of W I was estimated. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1149575
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    X-ray imaging of polycrystalline materialsa) (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 3560-3562 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A novel method yielding simultaneous information about location and orientation of the crystallites in a polycrystalline specimen has been developed and succesfully applied to the investigation of thin diamond films deposited on silicon. The experiment uses the parallel beam from a synchrotron radiation source and a microchannel plate as collimator in front of an image plate detector. Exposure times of only a few minutes could be realized. The spatial resolution was 0.375 mm but can easily be improved. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1145469
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thione Compounds of Copper and Silver: Tetrakis[1-methyl-2(1H)-pyridinethione-S]copper(I) Tetrafluoroborate and Tetrakis-[1-methyl-2(1H)-pyridinethione-S]silver(I) Tetrafluoroborate (1996)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 52 (1996), S. 1914-1917 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270196003666
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histology and chimeral segregation reveal cell-specific differences in the competence for shoot regeneration and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in Kohleria internode explants (1996)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 15 (1996), S. 386-390 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Internode explants of Kohleria sp. (Gesneriaceae) are capable of regenerating large numbers of adventitious shoots. Regeneration of green shoots from explants of an albino periclinal chimera with genetically green L1, as well as microsurgical removal of the epidermis revealed that shoots originate only from the epidermis. Histological studies further showed that shoots arise from a particular epidermal cell type, viz the basal cell of young glandular trichomes. On the other hand, cells competent for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation are mainly located in vascular tissues, as could be shown by histochemical localization of ß-glucuronidase (GUS) expression in explants that had been inoculated with A. tumefaciens strains carrying binary plasmids with GUS and kanamycin resistance (NPTII) genes. Only 3% of GUS expression events took place in the epidermis. Consequently, shoot regeneration in the presence of kanamycin was very poor. Moreover, most of those shoots proved GUS-negative and did not survive subcultivation on kanamycin-containing medium. Six regenerants, however, were most probably transgenic, as suggested by the ability to produce adventitious shoots in the presence of kanamycin and by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. To our knowledge, this is the first positive result towards genetic transformation in a taxon of the Gesneriaceae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00232060
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histology and chimeral segregation reveal cell-specific differences in the competence for shoot regeneration and (Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in Kohleria internode explants (1996)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 15 (1996), S. 386-390 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary. Internode explants of Kohleria sp. (Gesneriaceae) are capable of regenerating large numbers of adventitious shoots. Regeneration of green shoots from explants of an albino periclinical chimera with genetically green L1, as well as microsurgical removal of the epidermis revealed that shoots originate only from the epidermis. Histological studies further showed that shoots arise from a particular epidermal cell type, viz the basal cell of young glandular trichomes. On the other hand, cells competent for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation are mainly located in vascular tissues, as could be shown by histochemical localization of β-glucuronidase (GUS) expression in explants that had been inoculated with A. tumefaciens strains carrying binary plasmids with GUS and kanamycin resistance (NPTII) genes. Only 3% of GUS expression events took place in the epidermis. Consequently, shoot regeneration in the presence of kanamycin was very poor. Moreover, most of those shoots proved GUS-negative and did not survive subcultivation on kanamycin-containing medium. Six regenerants, however, were most probably transgenic, as suggested by the ability to produce adventitious shoots in the presence of kanamycin and by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. To our knowledge, this is the first positive result towards genetic transformation in a taxon of the Gesneriaceae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050038
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