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  • 1
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    Direct fabrication of large micropatterned single crystals (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-02-22
    Description: Micropatterning of single crystals for technological applications is a complex, multistep process. Nature provides alternative fabrication strategies, when crystals with exquisite micro-ornamentation directly develop within preorganized frameworks. We report a bio-inspired approach to growing large micropatterned single crystals. Micropatterned templates organically modified to induce the formation of metastable amorphous calcium carbonate were imprinted with calcite nucleation sites. The template-directed deposition and crystallization of the amorphous phase resulted in the fabrication of millimeter-sized single calcite crystals with sub-10-micron patterns and controlled crystallographic orientation. We suggest that in addition to regulating the shape, micropatterned frameworks act as sites for stress and impurity release during the amorphous-to-crystalline transition. The proposed mechanisms may have direct biological relevance and broad implications in materials synthesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Aizenberg, Joanna -- Muller, David A -- Grazul, John L -- Hamann, D R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Feb 21;299(5610):1205-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Bell Laboratories/Lucent Technologies, Murray Hill, NJ 07974, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12595685" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium Carbonate/*chemistry ; Crystallization ; Crystallography ; Echinodermata/chemistry ; *Macromolecular Substances ; Microscopy, Electron ; Organic Chemicals/*chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    Substitution of the thioredoxin system for glutathione reductase in Drosophila melanogaster (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-02-07
    Description: The disulfide reducing enzymes glutathione reductase and thioredoxin reductase are highly conserved among bacteria, fungi, worms, and mammals. These proteins maintain intracellular redox homeostasis to protect the organism from oxidative damage. Here we demonstrate the absence of glutathione reductase in Drosophila melanogaster, identify a new type of thioredoxin reductase, and provide evidence that a thioredoxin system supports GSSG reduction. Our data suggest that antioxidant defense in Drosophila, and probably in related insects, differs fundamentally from that in other organisms.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kanzok, S M -- Fechner, A -- Bauer, H -- Ulschmid, J K -- Muller, H M -- Botella-Munoz, J -- Schneuwly, S -- Schirmer, R -- Becker, K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Jan 26;291(5504):643-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center of Biochemistry, Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, Heidelberg University, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11158675" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Motifs ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; Drosophila melanogaster/*enzymology/genetics/metabolism ; Genes, Insect ; Glutathione/*metabolism ; Glutathione Disulfide/metabolism ; Glutathione Reductase/*metabolism ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; NADP/metabolism ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Sequence Alignment ; Species Specificity ; Substrate Specificity ; Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase/antagonists & ; inhibitors/chemistry/*genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    The glucocorticoid receptor: rapid exchange with regulatory sites in living cells (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-02-26
    Description: Steroid receptors bind to site-specific response elements in chromatin and modulate gene expression in a hormone-dependent fashion. With the use of a tandem array of mouse mammary tumor virus reporter elements and a form of glucocorticoid receptor labeled with green fluorescent protein, targeting of the receptor to response elements in live mouse cells was observed. Photobleaching experiments provide direct evidence that the hormone-occupied receptor undergoes rapid exchange between chromatin and the nucleoplasmic compartment. Thus, the interaction of regulatory proteins with target sites in chromatin is a more dynamic process than previously believed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McNally, J G -- Muller, W G -- Walker, D -- Wolford, R -- Hager, G L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Feb 18;287(5456):1262-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Building 41, Room B602, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892-5055, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10678832" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Binding Sites ; Cell Line, Transformed ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Chromatin/*metabolism ; Dexamethasone/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Ligands ; Luminescent Proteins ; Mammary Tumor Virus, Mouse/genetics ; Mice ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Nucleosomes/metabolism ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid/*metabolism ; *Response Elements ; *Terminal Repeat Sequences
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Role of brain insulin receptor in control of body weight and reproduction (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-09-23
    Description: Insulin receptors (IRs) and insulin signaling proteins are widely distributed throughout the central nervous system (CNS). To study the physiological role of insulin signaling in the brain, we created mice with a neuron-specific disruption of the IR gene (NIRKO mice). Inactivation of the IR had no impact on brain development or neuronal survival. However, female NIRKO mice showed increased food intake, and both male and female mice developed diet-sensitive obesity with increases in body fat and plasma leptin levels, mild insulin resistance, elevated plasma insulin levels, and hypertriglyceridemia. NIRKO mice also exhibited impaired spermatogenesis and ovarian follicle maturation because of hypothalamic dysregulation of luteinizing hormone. Thus, IR signaling in the CNS plays an important role in regulation of energy disposal, fuel metabolism, and reproduction.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bruning, J C -- Gautam, D -- Burks, D J -- Gillette, J -- Schubert, M -- Orban, P C -- Klein, R -- Krone, W -- Muller-Wieland, D -- Kahn, C R -- DK31036/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK55326-01A2/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Sep 22;289(5487):2122-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Klinik II und Poliklinik fur Innere Medizin and Center of Molecular Medicine (ZMMK) der Universitat zu Koln, Joseph Stelzmann Strasse 9, 50931 Cologne, Germany. jens.bruening@uni-koeln.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11000114" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipose Tissue ; Animals ; Blood Glucose/analysis ; *Body Weight ; Brain/*metabolism ; Eating ; Female ; Hypertriglyceridemia/etiology ; Insulin/blood/*physiology ; Insulin Resistance ; Leptin/blood ; Leuprolide/pharmacology ; Luteinizing Hormone/blood ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Neurons/metabolism ; Obesity/etiology ; Ovarian Follicle/physiology ; Receptor, Insulin/genetics/*physiology ; *Reproduction ; Sex Characteristics ; Signal Transduction ; Spermatogenesis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    CNS synaptogenesis promoted by glia-derived cholesterol (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-11-10
    Description: The molecular mechanisms controlling synaptogenesis in the central nervous system (CNS) are poorly understood. Previous reports showed that a glia-derived factor strongly promotes synapse development in cultures of purified CNS neurons. Here, we identify this factor as cholesterol complexed to apolipoprotein E-containing lipoproteins. CNS neurons produce enough cholesterol to survive and grow, but the formation of numerous mature synapses demands additional amounts that must be provided by glia. Thus, the availability of cholesterol appears to limit synapse development. This may explain the delayed onset of CNS synaptogenesis after glia differentiation and neurobehavioral manifestations of defects in cholesterol or lipoprotein homeostasis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mauch, D H -- Nagler, K -- Schumacher, S -- Goritz, C -- Muller, E C -- Otto, A -- Pfrieger, F W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Nov 9;294(5545):1354-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Synapse Group and, Protein Chemistry Group, Max-Delbruck-Center for Molecular Medicine, D-13092 Berlin, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11701931" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anticholesteremic Agents/pharmacology ; Apolipoproteins E/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Cholesterol/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Culture Media, Conditioned ; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials ; Lovastatin/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Neuroglia/*metabolism ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Phosphatidylcholines/pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Retinal Ganglion Cells/metabolism/*physiology ; Sphingomyelins/pharmacology ; Synapses/drug effects/*physiology ; Synaptic Transmission
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    SIVcpz in wild chimpanzees (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-01-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Santiago, Mario L -- Rodenburg, Cynthia M -- Kamenya, Shadrack -- Bibollet-Ruche, Frederic -- Gao, Feng -- Bailes, Elizabeth -- Meleth, Sreelatha -- Soong, Seng-Jaw -- Kilby, J Michael -- Moldoveanu, Zina -- Fahey, Babette -- Muller, Martin N -- Ayouba, Ahidjo -- Nerrienet, Eric -- McClure, Harold M -- Heeney, Jonathan L -- Pusey, Anne E -- Collins, D Anthony -- Boesch, Christophe -- Wrangham, Richard W -- Goodall, Jane -- Sharp, Paul M -- Shaw, George M -- Hahn, Beatrice H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Jan 18;295(5554):465.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-6024, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11799233" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Wild/*virology ; Antibodies, Viral/analysis/urine ; Ape Diseases/*epidemiology ; Cote d'Ivoire/epidemiology ; Feces/virology ; HIV-1/genetics ; Immunoblotting ; Male ; Pan troglodytes/immunology/*virology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prevalence ; RNA, Viral/analysis ; Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*epidemiology ; Simian Immunodeficiency Virus/genetics/immunology/*isolation & purification ; Tanzania/epidemiology ; Uganda/epidemiology ; Urine/virology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Physiology. Fish 'n flag (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-12-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Muller, Ulrike K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Nov 28;302(5650):1511-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Experimental Zoology Department, Wageningen University, Netherlands. ukmuller@yahoo.co.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14645830" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Birds/physiology ; *Energy Metabolism ; Fishes/physiology ; Flight, Animal ; *Muscle Contraction ; Muscle, Skeletal/*physiology ; Oncorhynchus mykiss/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; *Swimming ; *Water Movements
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Physiology. Power at the tip of the tongue (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-04-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Muller, Ulrike K -- Kranenbarg, Sander -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Apr 9;304(5668):217-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Experimental Zoology Group, Wageningen University, 6709 PG Wageningen, Netherlands. ulrike.muller@wur.nl〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15073361" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Cartilage/anatomy & histology/physiology ; Collagen/physiology ; Lizards/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Muscle Contraction ; Muscle, Skeletal/anatomy & histology/physiology ; Tongue/anatomy & histology/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Physiology. Turning on a dime (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-12-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Muller, Ulrike K -- Lentink, David -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Dec 10;306(5703):1899-900.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Experimental Zoology, Wageningen University, the Netherlands. ulrike.muller@wur.nl〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15591191" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Birds/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; *Flight, Animal ; Models, Anatomic ; Wings, Animal/anatomy & histology/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    GlyR alpha3: an essential target for spinal PGE2-mediated inflammatory pain sensitization (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-05-08
    Description: Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a crucial mediator of inflammatory pain sensitization. Here, we demonstrate that inhibition of a specific glycine receptor subtype (GlyR alpha3) by PGE2-induced receptor phosphorylation underlies central inflammatory pain sensitization. We show that GlyR alpha3 is distinctly expressed in superficial layers of the spinal cord dorsal horn. Mice deficient in GlyR alpha3 not only lack the inhibition of glycinergic neurotransmission by PGE2 seen in wild-type mice but also show a reduction in pain sensitization induced by spinal PGE2 injection or peripheral inflammation. Thus, GlyR alpha3 may provide a previously unrecognized molecular target in pain therapy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Harvey, Robert J -- Depner, Ulrike B -- Wassle, Heinz -- Ahmadi, Seifollah -- Heindl, Cornelia -- Reinold, Heiko -- Smart, Trevor G -- Harvey, Kirsten -- Schutz, Burkhard -- Abo-Salem, Osama M -- Zimmer, Andreas -- Poisbeau, Pierrick -- Welzl, Hans -- Wolfer, David P -- Betz, Heinrich -- Zeilhofer, Hanns Ulrich -- Muller, Ulrike -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 May 7;304(5672):884-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, London WC1N 1AX, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15131310" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Dinoprostone/administration & dosage/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Female ; Freund's Adjuvant ; Glycine/metabolism ; Humans ; Inflammation/metabolism/*physiopathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Neurons/metabolism ; Pain/*physiopathology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Phosphorylation ; Posterior Horn Cells/*metabolism ; Receptors, Glycine/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Spinal Cord/*metabolism ; Synaptic Transmission ; Transfection ; Zymosan
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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