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  • Articles  (78)
  • Signal Transduction  (78)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (78)
  • 2010-2014  (78)
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  • Articles  (78)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2010-12-18
    Description: Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant brain tumor of children. To identify the genetic alterations in this tumor type, we searched for copy number alterations using high-density microarrays and sequenced all known protein-coding genes and microRNA genes using Sanger sequencing in a set of 22 MBs. We found that, on average, each tumor had 11 gene alterations, fewer by a factor of 5 to 10 than in the adult solid tumors that have been sequenced to date. In addition to alterations in the Hedgehog and Wnt pathways, our analysis led to the discovery of genes not previously known to be altered in MBs. Most notably, inactivating mutations of the histone-lysine N-methyltransferase genes MLL2 or MLL3 were identified in 16% of MB patients. These results demonstrate key differences between the genetic landscapes of adult and childhood cancers, highlight dysregulation of developmental pathways as an important mechanism underlying MBs, and identify a role for a specific type of histone methylation in human tumorigenesis.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3110744/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3110744/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Parsons, D Williams -- Li, Meng -- Zhang, Xiaosong -- Jones, Sian -- Leary, Rebecca J -- Lin, Jimmy Cheng-Ho -- Boca, Simina M -- Carter, Hannah -- Samayoa, Josue -- Bettegowda, Chetan -- Gallia, Gary L -- Jallo, George I -- Binder, Zev A -- Nikolsky, Yuri -- Hartigan, James -- Smith, Doug R -- Gerhard, Daniela S -- Fults, Daniel W -- VandenBerg, Scott -- Berger, Mitchel S -- Marie, Suely Kazue Nagahashi -- Shinjo, Sueli Mieko Oba -- Clara, Carlos -- Phillips, Peter C -- Minturn, Jane E -- Biegel, Jaclyn A -- Judkins, Alexander R -- Resnick, Adam C -- Storm, Phillip B -- Curran, Tom -- He, Yiping -- Rasheed, B Ahmed -- Friedman, Henry S -- Keir, Stephen T -- McLendon, Roger -- Northcott, Paul A -- Taylor, Michael D -- Burger, Peter C -- Riggins, Gregory J -- Karchin, Rachel -- Parmigiani, Giovanni -- Bigner, Darell D -- Yan, Hai -- Papadopoulos, Nick -- Vogelstein, Bert -- Kinzler, Kenneth W -- Velculescu, Victor E -- CA057345/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA096832/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA118822/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA121113/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA135877/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM074906-01A1/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HHSN261200800001E/PHS HHS/ -- P01 CA096832/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA096832-03/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA108622/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA121113/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA121113-05/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R37 CA057345/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R37 CA057345-20/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jan 28;331(6016):435-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1198056. Epub 2010 Dec 16.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21163964" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Cerebellar Neoplasms/*genetics/metabolism ; Child ; DNA Copy Number Variations ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; *Genes, Neoplasm ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase/genetics/metabolism ; Histones/metabolism ; Humans ; Medulloblastoma/*genetics/metabolism ; Methylation ; MicroRNAs/genetics ; *Mutation ; Neoplasm Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Point Mutation ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Signal Transduction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2012-03-31
    Description: Rapamycin, an inhibitor of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), extends the life spans of yeast, flies, and mice. Calorie restriction, which increases life span and insulin sensitivity, is proposed to function by inhibition of mTORC1, yet paradoxically, chronic administration of rapamycin substantially impairs glucose tolerance and insulin action. We demonstrate that rapamycin disrupted a second mTOR complex, mTORC2, in vivo and that mTORC2 was required for the insulin-mediated suppression of hepatic gluconeogenesis. Further, decreased mTORC1 signaling was sufficient to extend life span independently from changes in glucose homeostasis, as female mice heterozygous for both mTOR and mLST8 exhibited decreased mTORC1 activity and extended life span but had normal glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Thus, mTORC2 disruption is an important mediator of the effects of rapamycin in vivo.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3324089/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3324089/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lamming, Dudley W -- Ye, Lan -- Katajisto, Pekka -- Goncalves, Marcus D -- Saitoh, Maki -- Stevens, Deanna M -- Davis, James G -- Salmon, Adam B -- Richardson, Arlan -- Ahima, Rexford S -- Guertin, David A -- Sabatini, David M -- Baur, Joseph A -- 1F32AG032833-01A1/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- CA129105/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- F32 AG032833/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- P30DK19525/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA129105/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA129105-05/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Mar 30;335(6076):1638-43. doi: 10.1126/science.1215135.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22461615" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipose Tissue, White/metabolism ; Animals ; Carrier Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Female ; Gluconeogenesis ; Glucose/metabolism ; Glucose Clamp Technique ; Homeostasis ; Insulin/administration & dosage/blood ; *Insulin Resistance ; Liver/metabolism ; *Longevity ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Multiprotein Complexes ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Sirolimus/*pharmacology ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics/metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2010-08-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3985480/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3985480/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Baur, Joseph A -- Chen, Danica -- Chini, Eduardo N -- Chua, Katrin -- Cohen, Haim Y -- de Cabo, Rafael -- Deng, Chuxia -- Dimmeler, Stefanie -- Gius, David -- Guarente, Leonard P -- Helfand, Stephen L -- Imai, Shin-Ichiro -- Itoh, Hiroshi -- Kadowaki, Takashi -- Koya, Daisuke -- Leeuwenburgh, Christiaan -- McBurney, Michael -- Nabeshima, Yo-Ichi -- Neri, Christian -- Oberdoerffer, Philipp -- Pestell, Richard G -- Rogina, Blanka -- Sadoshima, Junichi -- Sartorelli, Vittorio -- Serrano, Manuel -- Sinclair, David A -- Steegborn, Clemens -- Tatar, Marc -- Tissenbaum, Heidi A -- Tong, Qiang -- Tsubota, Kazuo -- Vaquero, Alejandro -- Verdin, Eric -- P01 AG027916/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R00 AG031182/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG019719/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG023039/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG023088/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG023088-08/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG024360/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG028730/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG028730-05/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL067724/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL091469/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL102738/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R37 AG024360/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- Z99 DK999999/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Aug 27;329(5995):1012-3; author reply 1013-4. doi: 10.1126/science.329.5995.1012.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20798296" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging/*physiology ; Animals ; *Caloric Restriction ; Humans ; *Longevity ; Signal Transduction ; Sirtuins/*physiology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2011-01-06
    Description: Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a conserved sensor of intracellular energy activated in response to low nutrient availability and environmental stress. In a screen for conserved substrates of AMPK, we identified ULK1 and ULK2, mammalian orthologs of the yeast protein kinase Atg1, which is required for autophagy. Genetic analysis of AMPK or ULK1 in mammalian liver and Caenorhabditis elegans revealed a requirement for these kinases in autophagy. In mammals, loss of AMPK or ULK1 resulted in aberrant accumulation of the autophagy adaptor p62 and defective mitophagy. Reconstitution of ULK1-deficient cells with a mutant ULK1 that cannot be phosphorylated by AMPK revealed that such phosphorylation is required for mitochondrial homeostasis and cell survival during starvation. These findings uncover a conserved biochemical mechanism coupling nutrient status with autophagy and cell survival.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3030664/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3030664/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Egan, Daniel F -- Shackelford, David B -- Mihaylova, Maria M -- Gelino, Sara -- Kohnz, Rebecca A -- Mair, William -- Vasquez, Debbie S -- Joshi, Aashish -- Gwinn, Dana M -- Taylor, Rebecca -- Asara, John M -- Fitzpatrick, James -- Dillin, Andrew -- Viollet, Benoit -- Kundu, Mondira -- Hansen, Malene -- Shaw, Reuben J -- 1P01CA120964/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- 1P01CA120964-01A/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- 5P30CA006516-43/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA120964/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA120964-05/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P30 CA006516/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P30 CA006516-43/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P30CA014195/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK080425/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK080425-04/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK080425-05/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- T32 CA009370/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- T32 CA009370-29/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jan 28;331(6016):456-61. doi: 10.1126/science.1196371. Epub 2010 Dec 23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Dulbecco Center for Cancer Research, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21205641" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/*metabolism ; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism ; Animals ; *Autophagy ; Caenorhabditis elegans/metabolism ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Survival ; Energy Metabolism ; Hepatocytes/metabolism ; Humans ; Insulin/metabolism ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Liver/metabolism ; Metformin/pharmacology ; Mice ; Mitochondria, Liver/metabolism/ultrastructure ; Phenformin/pharmacology ; Phosphorylation ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Transcription Factors/metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2011-07-30
    Description: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a common, morbid, and frequently lethal malignancy. To uncover its mutational spectrum, we analyzed whole-exome sequencing data from 74 tumor-normal pairs. The majority exhibited a mutational profile consistent with tobacco exposure; human papillomavirus was detectable by sequencing DNA from infected tumors. In addition to identifying previously known HNSCC genes (TP53, CDKN2A, PTEN, PIK3CA, and HRAS), our analysis revealed many genes not previously implicated in this malignancy. At least 30% of cases harbored mutations in genes that regulate squamous differentiation (for example, NOTCH1, IRF6, and TP63), implicating its dysregulation as a major driver of HNSCC carcinogenesis. More generally, the results indicate the ability of large-scale sequencing to reveal fundamental tumorigenic mechanisms.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3415217/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3415217/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stransky, Nicolas -- Egloff, Ann Marie -- Tward, Aaron D -- Kostic, Aleksandar D -- Cibulskis, Kristian -- Sivachenko, Andrey -- Kryukov, Gregory V -- Lawrence, Michael S -- Sougnez, Carrie -- McKenna, Aaron -- Shefler, Erica -- Ramos, Alex H -- Stojanov, Petar -- Carter, Scott L -- Voet, Douglas -- Cortes, Maria L -- Auclair, Daniel -- Berger, Michael F -- Saksena, Gordon -- Guiducci, Candace -- Onofrio, Robert C -- Parkin, Melissa -- Romkes, Marjorie -- Weissfeld, Joel L -- Seethala, Raja R -- Wang, Lin -- Rangel-Escareno, Claudia -- Fernandez-Lopez, Juan Carlos -- Hidalgo-Miranda, Alfredo -- Melendez-Zajgla, Jorge -- Winckler, Wendy -- Ardlie, Kristin -- Gabriel, Stacey B -- Meyerson, Matthew -- Lander, Eric S -- Getz, Gad -- Golub, Todd R -- Garraway, Levi A -- Grandis, Jennifer R -- P50 CA097190/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA077308/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA098372/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- UL1 TR000005/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Aug 26;333(6046):1157-60. doi: 10.1126/science.1208130. Epub 2011 Jul 28.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21798893" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Algorithms ; Apoptosis ; Carcinoma/*genetics/metabolism/virology ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cell Differentiation ; Exons ; Head and Neck Neoplasms/*genetics/metabolism/virology ; Humans ; *Mutation ; Neoplasms, Squamous Cell/*genetics/metabolism/virology ; Papillomaviridae/isolation & purification ; Papillomavirus Infections/virology ; Point Mutation ; Receptor, Notch1/*genetics/metabolism ; *Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sequence Deletion ; Signal Transduction ; Smoking ; Tobacco
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2010-12-04
    Description: Although cellular behaviors are dynamic, the networks that govern these behaviors have been mapped primarily as static snapshots. Using an approach called differential epistasis mapping, we have discovered widespread changes in genetic interaction among yeast kinases, phosphatases, and transcription factors as the cell responds to DNA damage. Differential interactions uncover many gene functions that go undetected in static conditions. They are very effective at identifying DNA repair pathways, highlighting new damage-dependent roles for the Slt2 kinase, Pph3 phosphatase, and histone variant Htz1. The data also reveal that protein complexes are generally stable in response to perturbation, but the functional relations between these complexes are substantially reorganized. Differential networks chart a new type of genetic landscape that is invaluable for mapping cellular responses to stimuli.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3006187/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3006187/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bandyopadhyay, Sourav -- Mehta, Monika -- Kuo, Dwight -- Sung, Min-Kyung -- Chuang, Ryan -- Jaehnig, Eric J -- Bodenmiller, Bernd -- Licon, Katherine -- Copeland, Wilbert -- Shales, Michael -- Fiedler, Dorothea -- Dutkowski, Janusz -- Guenole, Aude -- van Attikum, Haico -- Shokat, Kevan M -- Kolodner, Richard D -- Huh, Won-Ki -- Aebersold, Ruedi -- Keogh, Michael-Christopher -- Krogan, Nevan J -- Ideker, Trey -- P30CA013330/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P50 GM081879/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 ES014811/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- R01 ES014811-01A1/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- R01 ES014811-02/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- R01 ES014811-02S1/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- R01 ES014811-03/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- R01 ES014811-04/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- R01 ES014811-05/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- R01 ES014811-05S1/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- R01 ES014811-06/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM026017/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM084279/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM084279-01A1/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM084279-02/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM084279-02S1/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM084279-03/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM084279-04/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM084448/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01-ES14811/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- R01-GM084279/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R37 GM026017/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Dec 3;330(6009):1385-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1195618.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21127252" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chromatin/metabolism ; *DNA Damage ; DNA Repair/*genetics ; DNA, Fungal/genetics ; *Epistasis, Genetic ; *Gene Regulatory Networks ; Genes, Fungal ; Histones/genetics/metabolism ; Methyl Methanesulfonate/pharmacology ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/genetics/metabolism ; Mutagens/pharmacology ; Mutation ; Phosphoprotein Phosphatases/genetics/metabolism ; Protein Interaction Mapping ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*genetics/*metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Transcription Factors/genetics/metabolism
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2013-02-23
    Description: Foreign particles and cells are cleared from the body by phagocytes that must also recognize and avoid clearance of "self" cells. The membrane protein CD47 is reportedly a "marker of self" in mice that impedes phagocytosis of self by signaling through the phagocyte receptor CD172a. Minimal "Self" peptides were computationally designed from human CD47 and then synthesized and attached to virus-size particles for intravenous injection into mice that express a CD172a variant compatible with hCD47. Self peptides delay macrophage-mediated clearance of nanoparticles, which promotes persistent circulation that enhances dye and drug delivery to tumors. Self-peptide affinity for CD172a is near the optimum measured for human CD172a variants, and Self peptide also potently inhibits nanoparticle uptake mediated by the contractile cytoskeleton. The reductionist approach reveals the importance of human Self peptides and their utility in enhancing drug delivery and imaging.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3966479/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3966479/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rodriguez, Pia L -- Harada, Takamasa -- Christian, David A -- Pantano, Diego A -- Tsai, Richard K -- Discher, Dennis E -- 8UL1TR000003/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/ -- P01-DK032094/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30-DK090969/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 EB007049/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL062352/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01-EB007049/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/ -- R01-HL062352/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Feb 22;339(6122):971-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1229568.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Molecular and Cell Biophysics and NanoBioPolymers Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23430657" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antigens, CD47/chemistry/immunology/metabolism ; Antigens, Differentiation/*metabolism ; Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage ; Autoantigens ; Blood Circulation ; Diagnostic Imaging/methods ; Drug Delivery Systems/*methods ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred NOD ; Mice, SCID ; *Nanoparticles/administration & dosage/analysis ; Neoplasms/chemistry/diagnosis/drug therapy ; Paclitaxel/administration & dosage ; Particle Size ; Peptide Fragments/chemical synthesis/chemistry/immunology/*metabolism ; Phagocytes/immunology/metabolism ; *Phagocytosis ; Receptors, Immunologic/immunology/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2011-10-29
    Description: Cytotoxic chemotherapy targets elements common to all nucleated human cells, such as DNA and microtubules, yet it selectively kills tumor cells. Here we show that clinical response to these drugs correlates with, and may be partially governed by, the pretreatment proximity of tumor cell mitochondria to the apoptotic threshold, a property called mitochondrial priming. We used BH3 profiling to measure priming in tumor cells from patients with multiple myeloma, acute myelogenous and lymphoblastic leukemia, and ovarian cancer. This assay measures mitochondrial response to peptides derived from proapoptotic BH3 domains of proteins critical for death signaling to mitochondria. Patients with highly primed cancers exhibited superior clinical response to chemotherapy. In contrast, chemoresistant cancers and normal tissues were poorly primed. Manipulation of mitochondrial priming might enhance the efficacy of cytotoxic agents.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3280949/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3280949/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ni Chonghaile, Triona -- Sarosiek, Kristopher A -- Vo, Thanh-Trang -- Ryan, Jeremy A -- Tammareddi, Anupama -- Moore, Victoria Del Gaizo -- Deng, Jing -- Anderson, Kenneth C -- Richardson, Paul -- Tai, Yu-Tzu -- Mitsiades, Constantine S -- Matulonis, Ursula A -- Drapkin, Ronny -- Stone, Richard -- Deangelo, Daniel J -- McConkey, David J -- Sallan, Stephen E -- Silverman, Lewis -- Hirsch, Michelle S -- Carrasco, Daniel Ruben -- Letai, Anthony -- P01CA068484/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01CA139980/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA129974/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA129974-05/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA129974/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Nov 25;334(6059):1129-33. doi: 10.1126/science.1206727. Epub 2011 Oct 27.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22033517" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents/*therapeutic use ; *Apoptosis ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Child ; Disease-Free Survival ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy/physiopathology ; Male ; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Middle Aged ; Mitochondria/*physiology ; Multiple Myeloma/drug therapy/physiopathology ; Neoplasms/*drug therapy/*physiopathology ; Ovarian Neoplasms/drug therapy/physiopathology ; Peptide Fragments/metabolism ; Permeability ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/drug therapy/physiopathology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/chemistry/metabolism ; Remission Induction ; Signal Transduction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2011-11-26
    Description: Evolutionarily old and conserved homeostatic systems in the brain, including the hypothalamus, are organized into nuclear structures of heterogeneous and diverse neuron populations. To investigate whether such circuits can be functionally reconstituted by synaptic integration of similarly diverse populations of neurons, we generated physically chimeric hypothalami by microtransplanting small numbers of embryonic enhanced green fluorescent protein-expressing, leptin-responsive hypothalamic cells into hypothalami of postnatal leptin receptor-deficient (db/db) mice that develop morbid obesity. Donor neurons differentiated and integrated as four distinct hypothalamic neuron subtypes, formed functional excitatory and inhibitory synapses, partially restored leptin responsiveness, and ameliorated hyperglycemia and obesity in db/db mice. These experiments serve as a proof of concept that transplanted neurons can functionally reconstitute complex neuronal circuitry in the mammalian brain.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3770458/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3770458/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Czupryn, Artur -- Zhou, Yu-Dong -- Chen, Xi -- McNay, David -- Anderson, Matthew P -- Flier, Jeffrey S -- Macklis, Jeffrey D -- DKR37-28082/PHS HHS/ -- K02 NS054674/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS054674/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS057444/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS070295/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS41590/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS45523/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS49553/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS041590/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS045523/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS049553/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS057444/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R21 NS070295/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R37 DK028082/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R37 NS041590/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Nov 25;334(6059):1133-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1209870.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22116886" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood Glucose/analysis ; Body Weight ; Cell Shape ; Electrophysiological Phenomena ; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials ; Glucose/administration & dosage ; Hypothalamus/*cytology/metabolism ; Hypothalamus, Middle/*cytology/metabolism/*physiopathology ; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials ; Insulin/administration & dosage/blood ; Leptin/administration & dosage/*metabolism ; Membrane Potentials ; Mice ; Mice, Obese ; Neurogenesis ; Neurons/cytology/*physiology/*transplantation ; Obesity/metabolism/*physiopathology/*therapy ; Receptors, Leptin/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Synaptic Transmission
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2012-02-11
    Description: Pathogen-associated molecular patterns decisively influence antiviral immune responses, whereas the contribution of endogenous signals of tissue damage, also known as damage-associated molecular patterns or alarmins, remains ill defined. We show that interleukin-33 (IL-33), an alarmin released from necrotic cells, is necessary for potent CD8(+) T cell (CTL) responses to replicating, prototypic RNA and DNA viruses in mice. IL-33 signaled through its receptor on activated CTLs, enhanced clonal expansion in a CTL-intrinsic fashion, determined plurifunctional effector cell differentiation, and was necessary for virus control. Moreover, recombinant IL-33 augmented vaccine-induced CTL responses. Radio-resistant cells of the splenic T cell zone produced IL-33, and efficient CTL responses required IL-33 from radio-resistant cells but not from hematopoietic cells. Thus, alarmin release by radio-resistant cells orchestrates protective antiviral CTL responses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bonilla, Weldy V -- Frohlich, Anja -- Senn, Karin -- Kallert, Sandra -- Fernandez, Marylise -- Johnson, Susan -- Kreutzfeldt, Mario -- Hegazy, Ahmed N -- Schrick, Christina -- Fallon, Padraic G -- Klemenz, Roman -- Nakae, Susumu -- Adler, Heiko -- Merkler, Doron -- Lohning, Max -- Pinschewer, Daniel D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Feb 24;335(6071):984-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1215418. Epub 2012 Feb 9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, 1 rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22323740" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adoptive Transfer ; Animals ; Arenaviridae Infections/*immunology/pathology ; Cell Differentiation ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Herpesviridae Infections/*immunology ; Interleukin-33 ; Interleukins/genetics/immunology/*metabolism ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus/*immunology/physiology ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Necrosis ; Receptors, Interleukin/genetics/metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins/immunology ; Rhadinovirus/*immunology ; Signal Transduction ; Stromal Cells/immunology/metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/*immunology/transplantation ; Tumor Virus Infections/immunology ; Up-Regulation ; Vaccinia virus/immunology ; Virus Replication
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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