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  • 1
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    Rapamycin-induced insulin resistance is mediated by mTORC2 loss and uncoupled from longevity (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-03-31
    Description: Rapamycin, an inhibitor of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), extends the life spans of yeast, flies, and mice. Calorie restriction, which increases life span and insulin sensitivity, is proposed to function by inhibition of mTORC1, yet paradoxically, chronic administration of rapamycin substantially impairs glucose tolerance and insulin action. We demonstrate that rapamycin disrupted a second mTOR complex, mTORC2, in vivo and that mTORC2 was required for the insulin-mediated suppression of hepatic gluconeogenesis. Further, decreased mTORC1 signaling was sufficient to extend life span independently from changes in glucose homeostasis, as female mice heterozygous for both mTOR and mLST8 exhibited decreased mTORC1 activity and extended life span but had normal glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Thus, mTORC2 disruption is an important mediator of the effects of rapamycin in vivo.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3324089/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3324089/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lamming, Dudley W -- Ye, Lan -- Katajisto, Pekka -- Goncalves, Marcus D -- Saitoh, Maki -- Stevens, Deanna M -- Davis, James G -- Salmon, Adam B -- Richardson, Arlan -- Ahima, Rexford S -- Guertin, David A -- Sabatini, David M -- Baur, Joseph A -- 1F32AG032833-01A1/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- CA129105/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- F32 AG032833/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- P30DK19525/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA129105/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA129105-05/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Mar 30;335(6076):1638-43. doi: 10.1126/science.1215135.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22461615" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipose Tissue, White/metabolism ; Animals ; Carrier Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Female ; Gluconeogenesis ; Glucose/metabolism ; Glucose Clamp Technique ; Homeostasis ; Insulin/administration & dosage/blood ; *Insulin Resistance ; Liver/metabolism ; *Longevity ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Multiprotein Complexes ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Sirolimus/*pharmacology ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Water structural transformation at molecular hydrophobic interfaces (2012)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-11-23
    Description: Hydrophobic hydration is considered to have a key role in biological processes ranging from membrane formation to protein folding and ligand binding. Historically, hydrophobic hydration shells were thought to resemble solid clathrate hydrates, with solutes surrounded by polyhedral cages composed of tetrahedrally hydrogen-bonded water molecules. But more recent experimental and theoretical studies have challenged this view and emphasized the importance of the length scales involved. Here we report combined polarized, isotopic and temperature-dependent Raman scattering measurements with multivariate curve resolution (Raman-MCR) that explore hydrophobic hydration by mapping the vibrational spectroscopic features arising from the hydrophobic hydration shells of linear alcohols ranging from methanol to heptanol. Our data, covering the entire 0-100 degrees C temperature range, show clear evidence that at low temperatures the hydration shells have a hydrophobically enhanced water structure with greater tetrahedral order and fewer weak hydrogen bonds than the surrounding bulk water. This structure disappears with increasing temperature and is then, for hydrophobic chains longer than ~1 nm, replaced by a more disordered structure with weaker hydrogen bonds than bulk water. These observations support our current understanding of hydrophobic hydration, including the thermally induced water structural transformation that is suggestive of the hydrophobic crossover predicted to occur at lengths of ~1 nm (refs 5, 9, 10, 14).〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davis, Joel G -- Gierszal, Kamil P -- Wang, Ping -- Ben-Amotz, Dor -- England -- Nature. 2012 Nov 22;491(7425):582-5. doi: 10.1038/nature11570.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Purdue University, Department of Chemistry, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23172216" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 1-Butanol/chemistry ; Hydrogen Bonding ; *Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Molecular Structure ; Spectrum Analysis, Raman ; Temperature ; Vibration ; Water/*chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 3
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    Molecular cloning and characterization of an inner ear-specific structural protein (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-02-17
    Description: Molecular biological studies of the mammalian inner ear have been limited by the relatively small size of the sensory endorgans contained within. The saccular otolithic organ in teleostian fish is structurally similar to its mammalian counterpart but can contain an order of magnitude more sensory cells. The prospect of the evolutionary conservation of proteins utilized in the vertebrate inner ear and the relative abundance of teleostian saccular sensory tissue made this an attractive system for molecular biological studies. A complementary DNA obtained by differential screening of a saccular complementary DNA library was identified that encodes an inner ear-specific collagen molecule.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davis, J G -- Oberholtzer, J C -- Burns, F R -- Greene, M I -- 5 T32 NS07064-13/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- K08-DC00069/DC/NIDCD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Feb 17;267(5200):1031-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia 19104.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7863331" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; *Cloning, Molecular ; Collagen/*chemistry/*genetics ; DNA, Complementary/genetics ; *Extracellular Matrix Proteins ; *Fish Proteins ; Fishes/*genetics ; Gene Expression ; In Situ Hybridization ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Otolithic Membrane/chemistry ; RNA, Messenger/analysis/genetics ; Saccule and Utricle/*chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heat Denaturation of the Ovomucin-Lysozynie Electrostatic Complex-A Source of Damage to the Whipping Properties of Pasteurized Egg White (1968)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 33 (1968), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: SUMMARY– A longer whip time is usually required to obtain a meringue of the same specific gravity from pasteurized egg white as from unpasteurized egg white. We have determined the rate at which this change in whipping properties occurs as a function of heating time and pH. The rate of damage is minimal at neutral pH. The activation energy for whipping property damage at pH 7.5 is 140 kcal. Experiments in which either ovomucin or lysozyme concentration of egg white was increased and decreased showed that the reaction producing damage to the whipping properties is first order with respect to both ovomucin and lysozyme concentration. Since an increase of 0.33 in the ionic strength of egg white produces a ten-fold decrease in the rate of whipping property damage, the reactants are probably present as the ovomucin-lysozyme electrostatic complex. The product appears to be an irreversibly denatured ovomucin-lysozyme aggregate or network. Removal of the product restores the whipping properties of the egg white. The whipping property damage is a decrease in the mechanical stability of the foam. For this reason a longer time is needed to whip pasteurized egg white to a satisfactory meringue. Whipping aids such as triethyl citrate or triethyl phosphate compensate for the damage to the whipping properties, but do not appear to reverse the reaction producing damage to the whipping properties of the egg white.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1968.tb03666.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relation of so-called Streptococcus apis to certain Lactic Acid Streptococci (1936)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 138 (1936), S. 763-763 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] ONE of us has previously reported the isolation, from larvae affected with European foul brood, of strains of Str. apis identical in every respect except that of gelatinolysis and caseolysis1. It has now been found that these two Str. apis strains are indistinguishable ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/138763a0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of Diacetyl by Fæcal Streptococci (1939)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 143 (1939), S. 558-558 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] IN an investigation of the metabolism of both ‘resting’ and growing cells of lactic acid bacteria we have found that only the fæcal streptococci (Str. fœcalis and Str. liquefaciens) produce considerable quantities of diacetyl, which is recognized to be responsible for part of the aroma of milk ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/143558b0
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A New Method for the Conservation of Milk (1939)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 143 (1939), S. 1025-1025 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE conservation of milk without drastic heat treatment is perhaps the most important problem in the dairy industry. Numerous attempts have been made to solve this problem, mostly with only partial success and necessitating elaborate and expensive apparatus. It has been found possible to ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/1431025a0
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pasteur Reaction in the Lactic Acid Bacteria (1939)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 143 (1939), S. 765-765 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE lactic acid bacteria show three well-defined types of Pasteur reaction which can be correlated with the respiratory mechanisms of the three main groups into which these bacteria (cocci and rod forms) can be classified. ... The experiments were made in the Barcroft-Warburg apparatus. ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/143765a0
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elektrometric (1934)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 98 (1934), S. 38-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01354343
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  • 10
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    Induction of the Tat-binding protein 1 gene accompanies the disabling of oncogenic erbB receptor tyrosine kinases (1999)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-05-25
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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