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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2008-10-10
    Description: The human malaria parasite Plasmodium vivax is responsible for 25-40% of the approximately 515 million annual cases of malaria worldwide. Although seldom fatal, the parasite elicits severe and incapacitating clinical symptoms and often causes relapses months after a primary infection has cleared. Despite its importance as a major human pathogen, P. vivax is little studied because it cannot be propagated continuously in the laboratory except in non-human primates. We sequenced the genome of P. vivax to shed light on its distinctive biological features, and as a means to drive development of new drugs and vaccines. Here we describe the synteny and isochore structure of P. vivax chromosomes, and show that the parasite resembles other malaria parasites in gene content and metabolic potential, but possesses novel gene families and potential alternative invasion pathways not recognized previously. Completion of the P. vivax genome provides the scientific community with a valuable resource that can be used to advance investigation into this neglected species.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2651158/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2651158/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carlton, Jane M -- Adams, John H -- Silva, Joana C -- Bidwell, Shelby L -- Lorenzi, Hernan -- Caler, Elisabet -- Crabtree, Jonathan -- Angiuoli, Samuel V -- Merino, Emilio F -- Amedeo, Paolo -- Cheng, Qin -- Coulson, Richard M R -- Crabb, Brendan S -- Del Portillo, Hernando A -- Essien, Kobby -- Feldblyum, Tamara V -- Fernandez-Becerra, Carmen -- Gilson, Paul R -- Gueye, Amy H -- Guo, Xiang -- Kang'a, Simon -- Kooij, Taco W A -- Korsinczky, Michael -- Meyer, Esmeralda V-S -- Nene, Vish -- Paulsen, Ian -- White, Owen -- Ralph, Stuart A -- Ren, Qinghu -- Sargeant, Tobias J -- Salzberg, Steven L -- Stoeckert, Christian J -- Sullivan, Steven A -- Yamamoto, Marcio M -- Hoffman, Stephen L -- Wortman, Jennifer R -- Gardner, Malcolm J -- Galinski, Mary R -- Barnwell, John W -- Fraser-Liggett, Claire M -- N01 AI030071/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI064478/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI064478-05/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM070793/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM070793-01A2/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM083873/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 LM006845/LM/NLM NIH HHS/ -- R01 LM006845-09/LM/NLM NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Oct 9;455(7214):757-63. doi: 10.1038/nature07327.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The Institute for Genomic Research/J. Craig Venter Institute, 9704 Medical Research Drive, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA. jane.carlton@nyumc.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18843361" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Motifs ; Animals ; Artemisinins/metabolism/pharmacology ; Atovaquone/metabolism/pharmacology ; Cell Nucleus/genetics ; Chromosomes/genetics ; Conserved Sequence/genetics ; Erythrocytes/parasitology ; Evolution, Molecular ; Genome, Protozoan/*genetics ; *Genomics ; Haplorhini/parasitology ; Humans ; Isochores/genetics ; Ligands ; Malaria, Vivax/metabolism/*parasitology ; Multigene Family ; Plasmodium vivax/drug effects/*genetics/pathogenicity/physiology ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Species Specificity ; Synteny/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2007-01-16
    Description: We describe the genome sequence of the protist Trichomonas vaginalis, a sexually transmitted human pathogen. Repeats and transposable elements comprise about two-thirds of the approximately 160-megabase genome, reflecting a recent massive expansion of genetic material. This expansion, in conjunction with the shaping of metabolic pathways that likely transpired through lateral gene transfer from bacteria, and amplification of specific gene families implicated in pathogenesis and phagocytosis of host proteins may exemplify adaptations of the parasite during its transition to a urogenital environment. The genome sequence predicts previously unknown functions for the hydrogenosome, which support a common evolutionary origin of this unusual organelle with mitochondria.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2080659/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2080659/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carlton, Jane M -- Hirt, Robert P -- Silva, Joana C -- Delcher, Arthur L -- Schatz, Michael -- Zhao, Qi -- Wortman, Jennifer R -- Bidwell, Shelby L -- Alsmark, U Cecilia M -- Besteiro, Sebastien -- Sicheritz-Ponten, Thomas -- Noel, Christophe J -- Dacks, Joel B -- Foster, Peter G -- Simillion, Cedric -- Van de Peer, Yves -- Miranda-Saavedra, Diego -- Barton, Geoffrey J -- Westrop, Gareth D -- Muller, Sylke -- Dessi, Daniele -- Fiori, Pier Luigi -- Ren, Qinghu -- Paulsen, Ian -- Zhang, Hanbang -- Bastida-Corcuera, Felix D -- Simoes-Barbosa, Augusto -- Brown, Mark T -- Hayes, Richard D -- Mukherjee, Mandira -- Okumura, Cheryl Y -- Schneider, Rachel -- Smith, Alias J -- Vanacova, Stepanka -- Villalvazo, Maria -- Haas, Brian J -- Pertea, Mihaela -- Feldblyum, Tamara V -- Utterback, Terry R -- Shu, Chung-Li -- Osoegawa, Kazutoyo -- de Jong, Pieter J -- Hrdy, Ivan -- Horvathova, Lenka -- Zubacova, Zuzana -- Dolezal, Pavel -- Malik, Shehre-Banoo -- Logsdon, John M Jr -- Henze, Katrin -- Gupta, Arti -- Wang, Ching C -- Dunne, Rebecca L -- Upcroft, Jacqueline A -- Upcroft, Peter -- White, Owen -- Salzberg, Steven L -- Tang, Petrus -- Chiu, Cheng-Hsun -- Lee, Ying-Shiung -- Embley, T Martin -- Coombs, Graham H -- Mottram, Jeremy C -- Tachezy, Jan -- Fraser-Liggett, Claire M -- Johnson, Patricia J -- 072031/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- G0000508/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0000508(56841)/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G9722968/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G9722968(65078)/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- R01 LM006845/LM/NLM NIH HHS/ -- R01 LM006845-08/LM/NLM NIH HHS/ -- R01 LM007938/LM/NLM NIH HHS/ -- R01 LM007938-04/LM/NLM NIH HHS/ -- U01 AI050913/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U01 AI050913-01A1/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U01 AI050913-02/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- UO1 AI50913-01/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jan 12;315(5809):207-12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Genomic Research, 9712 Medical Research Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA. jane.carlton@med.nyu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17218520" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Transport/genetics ; DNA Transposable Elements ; DNA, Protozoan/genetics ; Gene Transfer, Horizontal ; Genes, Protozoan ; *Genome, Protozoan ; Humans ; Hydrogen/metabolism ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Multigene Family ; Organelles/metabolism ; Oxidative Stress/genetics ; Peptide Hydrolases/genetics/metabolism ; Protozoan Proteins/genetics/physiology ; RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; *Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases/parasitology ; Trichomonas Infections/parasitology/transmission ; Trichomonas vaginalis/cytology/*genetics/metabolism/pathogenicity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2005-01-08
    Description: Plasmodium berghei and Plasmodium chabaudi are widely used model malaria species. Comparison of their genomes, integrated with proteomic and microarray data, with the genomes of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium yoelii revealed a conserved core of 4500 Plasmodium genes in the central regions of the 14 chromosomes and highlighted genes evolving rapidly because of stage-specific selective pressures. Four strategies for gene expression are apparent during the parasites' life cycle: (i) housekeeping; (ii) host-related; (iii) strategy-specific related to invasion, asexual replication, and sexual development; and (iv) stage-specific. We observed posttranscriptional gene silencing through translational repression of messenger RNA during sexual development, and a 47-base 3' untranslated region motif is implicated in this process.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hall, Neil -- Karras, Marianna -- Raine, J Dale -- Carlton, Jane M -- Kooij, Taco W A -- Berriman, Matthew -- Florens, Laurence -- Janssen, Christoph S -- Pain, Arnab -- Christophides, Georges K -- James, Keith -- Rutherford, Kim -- Harris, Barbara -- Harris, David -- Churcher, Carol -- Quail, Michael A -- Ormond, Doug -- Doggett, Jon -- Trueman, Holly E -- Mendoza, Jacqui -- Bidwell, Shelby L -- Rajandream, Marie-Adele -- Carucci, Daniel J -- Yates, John R 3rd -- Kafatos, Fotis C -- Janse, Chris J -- Barrell, Bart -- Turner, C Michael R -- Waters, Andrew P -- Sinden, Robert E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 7;307(5706):82-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Pathogen Sequencing Unit, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK. nhall@tigr.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15637271" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3' Untranslated Regions ; Animals ; Anopheles/parasitology ; Computational Biology ; Evolution, Molecular ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Silencing ; Genes, Protozoan ; *Genome, Protozoan ; *Life Cycle Stages ; Malaria/parasitology ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Plasmodium/*genetics/*growth & development/metabolism ; Plasmodium berghei/genetics/growth & development/metabolism ; Plasmodium chabaudi/genetics/growth & development/metabolism ; Plasmodium falciparum/genetics/growth & development/metabolism ; Plasmodium yoelii/genetics/growth & development/metabolism ; Proteome/*analysis ; Proteomics ; Protozoan Proteins/analysis ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; RNA, Protozoan/genetics/metabolism ; Selection, Genetic ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2005-07-05
    Description: We report the genome sequence of Theileria parva, an apicomplexan pathogen causing economic losses to smallholder farmers in Africa. The parasite chromosomes exhibit limited conservation of gene synteny with Plasmodium falciparum, and its plastid-like genome represents the first example where all apicoplast genes are encoded on one DNA strand. We tentatively identify proteins that facilitate parasite segregation during host cell cytokinesis and contribute to persistent infection of transformed host cells. Several biosynthetic pathways are incomplete or absent, suggesting substantial metabolic dependence on the host cell. One protein family that may generate parasite antigenic diversity is not telomere-associated.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gardner, Malcolm J -- Bishop, Richard -- Shah, Trushar -- de Villiers, Etienne P -- Carlton, Jane M -- Hall, Neil -- Ren, Qinghu -- Paulsen, Ian T -- Pain, Arnab -- Berriman, Matthew -- Wilson, Robert J M -- Sato, Shigeharu -- Ralph, Stuart A -- Mann, David J -- Xiong, Zikai -- Shallom, Shamira J -- Weidman, Janice -- Jiang, Lingxia -- Lynn, Jeffery -- Weaver, Bruce -- Shoaibi, Azadeh -- Domingo, Alexander R -- Wasawo, Delia -- Crabtree, Jonathan -- Wortman, Jennifer R -- Haas, Brian -- Angiuoli, Samuel V -- Creasy, Todd H -- Lu, Charles -- Suh, Bernard -- Silva, Joana C -- Utterback, Teresa R -- Feldblyum, Tamara V -- Pertea, Mihaela -- Allen, Jonathan -- Nierman, William C -- Taracha, Evans L N -- Salzberg, Steven L -- White, Owen R -- Fitzhugh, Henry A -- Morzaria, Subhash -- Venter, J Craig -- Fraser, Claire M -- Nene, Vishvanath -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 1;309(5731):134-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Genomic Research (TIGR), 9712 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA. gardner@tigr.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15994558" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Algorithms ; Animals ; Antigens, Protozoan/genetics ; Cattle ; Cell Proliferation ; Chromosomes/genetics ; Conserved Sequence ; Enzymes/genetics/metabolism ; Genes, Protozoan ; *Genome, Protozoan ; Lymphocytes/cytology/*parasitology ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Organelles/genetics/physiology ; Plasmodium falciparum/genetics ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Protozoan Proteins/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Synteny ; Telomere/genetics ; Theileria parva/*genetics/growth & development/pathogenicity/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2005-07-16
    Description: A comparison of gene content and genome architecture of Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma cruzi, and Leishmania major, three related pathogens with different life cycles and disease pathology, revealed a conserved core proteome of about 6200 genes in large syntenic polycistronic gene clusters. Many species-specific genes, especially large surface antigen families, occur at nonsyntenic chromosome-internal and subtelomeric regions. Retroelements, structural RNAs, and gene family expansion are often associated with syntenic discontinuities that-along with gene divergence, acquisition and loss, and rearrangement within the syntenic regions-have shaped the genomes of each parasite. Contrary to recent reports, our analyses reveal no evidence that these species are descended from an ancestor that contained a photosynthetic endosymbiont.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉El-Sayed, Najib M -- Myler, Peter J -- Blandin, Gaelle -- Berriman, Matthew -- Crabtree, Jonathan -- Aggarwal, Gautam -- Caler, Elisabet -- Renauld, Hubert -- Worthey, Elizabeth A -- Hertz-Fowler, Christiane -- Ghedin, Elodie -- Peacock, Christopher -- Bartholomeu, Daniella C -- Haas, Brian J -- Tran, Anh-Nhi -- Wortman, Jennifer R -- Alsmark, U Cecilia M -- Angiuoli, Samuel -- Anupama, Atashi -- Badger, Jonathan -- Bringaud, Frederic -- Cadag, Eithon -- Carlton, Jane M -- Cerqueira, Gustavo C -- Creasy, Todd -- Delcher, Arthur L -- Djikeng, Appolinaire -- Embley, T Martin -- Hauser, Christopher -- Ivens, Alasdair C -- Kummerfeld, Sarah K -- Pereira-Leal, Jose B -- Nilsson, Daniel -- Peterson, Jeremy -- Salzberg, Steven L -- Shallom, Joshua -- Silva, Joana C -- Sundaram, Jaideep -- Westenberger, Scott -- White, Owen -- Melville, Sara E -- Donelson, John E -- Andersson, Bjorn -- Stuart, Kenneth D -- Hall, Neil -- AI045039/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI45038/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI45061/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI043062/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U01 AI040599/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U01 AI043062/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U01 AI045038/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U01 AI045039/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 15;309(5733):404-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Genomic Research, 9712 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA. nelsayed@tigr.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16020724" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Chromosomes/genetics ; Evolution, Molecular ; Gene Transfer, Horizontal ; Genes, Protozoan ; *Genome, Protozoan ; Genomics ; Leishmania major/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Multigene Family ; Mutation ; Phylogeny ; Plastids/genetics ; *Proteome ; Protozoan Proteins/chemistry/*genetics/physiology ; Recombination, Genetic ; Retroelements ; Species Specificity ; Symbiosis ; Synteny ; Telomere/genetics ; Trypanosoma brucei brucei/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; Trypanosoma cruzi/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
  • 7
    Publication Date: 2005-03-11
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 8
  • 9
    Publication Date: 2011-08-03
    Description: Plasmodium yoelii is an excellent model for studying malaria pathogenesis that is often intractable to investigate using human parasites; however, genetic studies of the parasite have been hindered by lack of genome-wide linkage resources. Here, we performed 14 genetic crosses between three pairs of P. yoelii clones/subspecies, isolated 75 independent recombinant progeny from the crosses, and constructed a high-resolution linkage map for this parasite. Microsatellite genotypes from the progeny formed 14 linkage groups belonging to the 14 parasite chromosomes, allowing assignment of sequence contigs to chromosomes. Growth-related virulent phenotypes from 25 progeny of one of the crosses were significantly associated with a major locus on chromosome 13 and with two secondary loci on chromosomes 7 and 10. The chromosome 10 and 13 loci are both linked to day 5 parasitemia, and their effects on parasite growth rate are independent but additive. The locus on chromosome 7 is associated with day 10 parasitemia. The chromosome 13 locus spans ∼220 kb of DNA containing 51 predicted genes, including the P. yoelii erythrocyte binding ligand, in which a C741Y substitution in the R6 domain is implicated in the change of growth rate. Similarly, the chromosome 10 locus spans ∼234 kb with 71 candidate genes, containing a member of the 235-kDa rhoptry proteins (Py235) that can bind to the erythrocyte surface membrane. Atypical virulent phenotypes among the progeny were also observed. This study provides critical tools and information for genetic investigations of virulence and biology of P. yoelii.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 10
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-01-12
    Keywords: Genetics, Microbiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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