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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2005-09-10
    Description: On 4 July 2005, many observatories around the world and in space observed the collision of Deep Impact with comet 9P/Tempel 1 or its aftermath. This was an unprecedented coordinated observational campaign. These data show that (i) there was new material after impact that was compositionally different from that seen before impact; (ii) the ratio of dust mass to gas mass in the ejecta was much larger than before impact; (iii) the new activity did not last more than a few days, and by 9 July the comet's behavior was indistinguishable from its pre-impact behavior; and (iv) there were interesting transient phenomena that may be correlated with cratering physics.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Meech, K J -- Ageorges, N -- A'Hearn, M F -- Arpigny, C -- Ates, A -- Aycock, J -- Bagnulo, S -- Bailey, J -- Barber, R -- Barrera, L -- Barrena, R -- Bauer, J M -- Belton, M J S -- Bensch, F -- Bhattacharya, B -- Biver, N -- Blake, G -- Bockelee-Morvan, D -- Boehnhardt, H -- Bonev, B P -- Bonev, T -- Buie, M W -- Burton, M G -- Butner, H M -- Cabanac, R -- Campbell, R -- Campins, H -- Capria, M T -- Carroll, T -- Chaffee, F -- Charnley, S B -- Cleis, R -- Coates, A -- Cochran, A -- Colom, P -- Conrad, A -- Coulson, I M -- Crovisier, J -- deBuizer, J -- Dekany, R -- de Leon, J -- Dello Russo, N -- Delsanti, A -- DiSanti, M -- Drummond, J -- Dundon, L -- Etzel, P B -- Farnham, T L -- Feldman, P -- Fernandez, Y R -- Filipovic, M D -- Fisher, S -- Fitzsimmons, A -- Fong, D -- Fugate, R -- Fujiwara, H -- Fujiyoshi, T -- Furusho, R -- Fuse, T -- Gibb, E -- Groussin, O -- Gulkis, S -- Gurwell, M -- Hadamcik, E -- Hainaut, O -- Harker, D -- Harrington, D -- Harwit, M -- Hasegawa, S -- Hergenrother, C W -- Hirst, P -- Hodapp, K -- Honda, M -- Howell, E S -- Hutsemekers, D -- Iono, D -- Ip, W-H -- Jackson, W -- Jehin, E -- Jiang, Z J -- Jones, G H -- Jones, P A -- Kadono, T -- Kamath, U W -- Kaufl, H U -- Kasuga, T -- Kawakita, H -- Kelley, M S -- Kerber, F -- Kidger, M -- Kinoshita, D -- Knight, M -- Lara, L -- Larson, S M -- Lederer, S -- Lee, C-F -- Levasseur-Regourd, A C -- Li, J Y -- Li, Q-S -- Licandro, J -- Lin, Z-Y -- Lisse, C M -- LoCurto, G -- Lovell, A J -- Lowry, S C -- Lyke, J -- Lynch, D -- Ma, J -- Magee-Sauer, K -- Maheswar, G -- Manfroid, J -- Marco, O -- Martin, P -- Melnick, G -- Miller, S -- Miyata, T -- Moriarty-Schieven, G H -- Moskovitz, N -- Mueller, B E A -- Mumma, M J -- Muneer, S -- Neufeld, D A -- Ootsubo, T -- Osip, D -- Pandea, S K -- Pantin, E -- Paterno-Mahler, R -- Patten, B -- Penprase, B E -- Peck, A -- Petitas, G -- Pinilla-Alonso, N -- Pittichova, J -- Pompei, E -- Prabhu, T P -- Qi, C -- Rao, R -- Rauer, H -- Reitsema, H -- Rodgers, S D -- Rodriguez, P -- Ruane, R -- Ruch, G -- Rujopakarn, W -- Sahu, D K -- Sako, S -- Sakon, I -- Samarasinha, N -- Sarkissian, J M -- Saviane, I -- Schirmer, M -- Schultz, P -- Schulz, R -- Seitzer, P -- Sekiguchi, T -- Selman, F -- Serra-Ricart, M -- Sharp, R -- Snell, R L -- Snodgrass, C -- Stallard, T -- Stecklein, G -- Sterken, C -- Stuwe, J A -- Sugita, S -- Sumner, M -- Suntzeff, N -- Swaters, R -- Takakuwa, S -- Takato, N -- Thomas-Osip, J -- Thompson, E -- Tokunaga, A T -- Tozzi, G P -- Tran, H -- Troy, M -- Trujillo, C -- Van Cleve, J -- Vasundhara, R -- Vazquez, R -- Vilas, F -- Villanueva, G -- von Braun, K -- Vora, P -- Wainscoat, R J -- Walsh, K -- Watanabe, J -- Weaver, H A -- Weaver, W -- Weiler, M -- Weissman, P R -- Welsh, W F -- Wilner, D -- Wolk, S -- Womack, M -- Wooden, D -- Woodney, L M -- Woodward, C -- Wu, Z-Y -- Wu, J-H -- Yamashita, T -- Yang, B -- Yang, Y-B -- Yokogawa, S -- Zook, A C -- Zauderer, A -- Zhao, X -- Zhou, X -- Zucconi, J-M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 14;310(5746):265-9. Epub 2005 Sep 8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16150977" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cosmic Dust ; Jupiter ; *Meteoroids ; Organic Chemicals ; Photometry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: 〈p〉The reindeer is an Arctic species that exhibits distinctive biological characteristics, for which the underlying genetic basis remains largely unknown. We compared the genomes of reindeer against those of other ruminants and nonruminant mammals to reveal the genetic basis of light arrhythmicity, high vitamin D metabolic efficiency, the antler growth trait of females, and docility. We validate that two reindeer vitamin D metabolic genes (〈i〉CYP27B1〈/i〉 and 〈i〉POR〈/i〉) show signs of positive selection and exhibit higher catalytic activity than those of other ruminants. A mutation upstream of the reindeer 〈i〉CCND1〈/i〉 gene endows an extra functional binding motif of the androgen receptor and thereby may result in female antlers. Furthermore, a mutation (proline-1172-〉threonine) in reindeer PER2 results in loss of binding ability with CRY1, which may explain circadian arrhythmicity in reindeer.〈/p〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 1999-07-31
    Description: Apoptosis is implicated in the generation and resolution of inflammation in response to bacterial pathogens. All bacterial pathogens produce lipoproteins (BLPs), which trigger the innate immune response. BLPs were found to induce apoptosis in THP-1 monocytic cells through human Toll-like receptor-2 (hTLR2). BLPs also initiated apoptosis in an epithelial cell line transfected with hTLR2. In addition, BLPs stimulated nuclear factor-kappaB, a transcriptional activator of multiple host defense genes, and activated the respiratory burst through hTLR2. Thus, hTLR2 is a molecular link between microbial products, apoptosis, and host defense mechanisms.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Aliprantis, A O -- Yang, R B -- Mark, M R -- Suggett, S -- Devaux, B -- Radolf, J D -- Klimpel, G R -- Godowski, P -- Zychlinsky, A -- AI 37720-04/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI-38894/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jul 30;285(5428):736-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Skirball Institute and Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10426996" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antigens, CD14/analysis ; *Apoptosis ; Bacterial Proteins/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Cell Line/metabolism ; Cycloheximide/pharmacology ; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; *Drosophila Proteins ; Genes, Reporter ; Humans ; Lipopolysaccharides/immunology ; Lipoproteins/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Membrane Glycoproteins/immunology/*metabolism ; Monocytes/*cytology/immunology/metabolism ; NF-kappa B/metabolism ; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Receptors, Cell Surface/immunology/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/pharmacology ; Toll-Like Receptor 2 ; Toll-Like Receptors ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1999-08-24
    Description: The epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are products of cytochrome P450 epoxygenases that have vasodilatory properties similar to that of endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor. The cytochrome P450 isoform CYP2J2 was cloned and identified as a potential source of EETs in human endothelial cells. Physiological concentrations of EETs or overexpression of CYP2J2 decreased cytokine-induced endothelial cell adhesion molecule expression, and EETs prevented leukocyte adhesion to the vascular wall by a mechanism involving inhibition of transcription factor NF-kappaB and IkappaB kinase. The inhibitory effects of EETs were independent of their membrane-hyperpolarizing effects, suggesting that these molecules play an important nonvasodilatory role in vascular inflammation.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2720027/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2720027/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Node, K -- Huo, Y -- Ruan, X -- Yang, B -- Spiecker, M -- Ley, K -- Zeldin, D C -- Liao, J K -- HL-52233/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL-58108/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P01 HL048743/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P01 HL048743-080008/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P01 HL048743-090008/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL052233/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL052233-05/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL052233-06/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Aug 20;285(5431):1276-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Vascular Medicine and Atherosclerosis Unit, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Avenue, LMRC-322, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10455056" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid/analogs & derivatives/*metabolism/*pharmacology ; Animals ; *Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/metabolism/pharmacology ; Carotid Arteries/cytology ; Cattle ; Cell Adhesion/drug effects ; Cell Adhesion Molecules/biosynthesis ; Cells, Cultured ; Coronary Vessels/enzymology ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/genetics/*metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Endothelium, Vascular/enzymology/*metabolism ; Humans ; Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids/pharmacology ; I-kappa B Kinase ; *I-kappa B Proteins ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; NF-kappa B/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Oxygenases/genetics/*metabolism ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/antagonists & inhibitors/pharmacology ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/biosynthesis/genetics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1999-07-31
    Description: The generation of cell-mediated immunity against many infectious pathogens involves the production of interleukin-12 (IL-12), a key signal of the innate immune system. Yet, for many pathogens, the molecules that induce IL-12 production by macrophages and the mechanisms by which they do so remain undefined. Here it is shown that microbial lipoproteins are potent stimulators of IL-12 production by human macrophages, and that induction is mediated by Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Several lipoproteins stimulated TLR-dependent transcription of inducible nitric oxide synthase and the production of nitric oxide, a powerful microbicidal pathway. Activation of TLRs by microbial lipoproteins may initiate innate defense mechanisms against infectious pathogens.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brightbill, H D -- Libraty, D H -- Krutzik, S R -- Yang, R B -- Belisle, J T -- Bleharski, J R -- Maitland, M -- Norgard, M V -- Plevy, S E -- Smale, S T -- Brennan, P J -- Bloom, B R -- Godowski, P J -- Modlin, R L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jul 30;285(5428):732-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Anges, CA 90095, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10426995" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, Bacterial/chemistry/*immunology/metabolism ; Cell Line ; *Drosophila Proteins ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Interleukin-12/*biosynthesis/genetics ; Lipopolysaccharides/immunology ; Lipoproteins/chemistry/*immunology/metabolism ; Macrophages/*immunology/metabolism ; Membrane Glycoproteins/*metabolism ; Mice ; Monocytes/*immunology/metabolism ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/*immunology ; NF-kappa B/biosynthesis ; Nitric Oxide Synthase/genetics ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Toll-Like Receptors ; Transcription, Genetic ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1998-07-17
    Description: The leukocyte-specific adapter molecule SLP-76 (Src homology 2 domain-containing leukocyte protein of 76 kilodaltons) is rapidly phosphorylated on tyrosine residues after receptor ligation in several hematopoietically derived cell types. Mice made deficient for SLP-76 expression contained no peripheral T cells as a result of an early block in thymopoiesis. Macrophage and natural killer cell compartments were intact in SLP-76-deficient mice, despite SLP-76 expression in these lineages in wild-type mice. Thus, the SLP-76 adapter protein is required for normal thymocyte development and plays a crucial role in translating signals mediated by pre-T cell receptors into distal biochemical events.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Clements, J L -- Yang, B -- Ross-Barta, S E -- Eliason, S L -- Hrstka, R F -- Williamson, R A -- Koretzky, G A -- GM53256/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1998 Jul 17;281(5375):416-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9665885" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/cytology/immunology ; Gene Targeting ; Immunoglobulin M/blood ; Killer Cells, Natural/cytology ; *Leukopoiesis ; Lymph Nodes/cytology ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Lymphocyte Count ; Macrophages/cytology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Phosphoproteins/genetics/*physiology ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Spleen/cytology ; T-Lymphocytes/*cytology ; Thymus Gland/cytology ; ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1997-02-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yang, X B -- Scherm, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 Feb 7;275(5301):739.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9036530" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cholera/*epidemiology ; *Climate ; *Disease Outbreaks ; Humans ; *Plant Diseases
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1989-08-18
    Description: Detailed studies indicate a superconducting gap in the high-temperature superconductor Bi(2)Sr(2)CaCu(2)O(8). Photoemission measurements with high energy and angle resolution isolate the behavior of a single band as it crosses the Fermi level in both the normal and superconducting states, giving support to the Fermi liquid picture. The magnitude of the gap is 24 millielectron volts.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Olson, C G -- Liu, R -- Yang, A B -- Lynch, D W -- Arko, A J -- List, R S -- Veal, B W -- Chang, Y C -- Jiang, P Z -- Paulikas, A P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Aug 18;245(4919):731-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17791711" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: 〈p〉While regular allomaternal nursing (suckling) has been documented in a number of rodent and carnivore species, as well as in some prosimians, New World monkeys, and humans, it is not common in Old World monkeys and apes. Here, we present a detailed field study of allomaternal nursing in golden snub-nosed monkeys (〈i〉Rhinopithecus roxellana〈/i〉, Colobinae). We found that more than 87% of infants were nursed by females other than their mothers. Allomaternal nursing was largely confined to the first 3 months of an infant’s life and occurred predominantly between related females who nursed each other’s offspring in a reciprocal manner. Allomaternal nursing enhanced infant survivorship and did not have a negative impact on the future reproductive success of allonursers. Our findings expand the taxonomic distribution of allomaternal nursing and provide fresh insight into the possible factors driving evolution of allomaternal nursing behavior in primates, including humans.〈/p〉
    Electronic ISSN: 2375-2548
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
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  • 10
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1997-03-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Verkman, A S -- Yang, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 Mar 7;275(5305):1491; author reply 1492.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9072811" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aquaporin 1 ; *Aquaporins ; Blood Group Antigens ; *Cell Membrane Permeability/drug effects ; Colforsin/pharmacology ; Cyclic AMP/agonists/metabolism ; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Erythrocyte Membrane/metabolism ; Humans ; Ion Channels/genetics/*physiology ; Oocytes ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; RNA, Complementary ; Water/*metabolism ; Xenopus
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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