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  • 1
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    Host defense mechanisms triggered by microbial lipoproteins through toll-like receptors (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-07-31
    Description: The generation of cell-mediated immunity against many infectious pathogens involves the production of interleukin-12 (IL-12), a key signal of the innate immune system. Yet, for many pathogens, the molecules that induce IL-12 production by macrophages and the mechanisms by which they do so remain undefined. Here it is shown that microbial lipoproteins are potent stimulators of IL-12 production by human macrophages, and that induction is mediated by Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Several lipoproteins stimulated TLR-dependent transcription of inducible nitric oxide synthase and the production of nitric oxide, a powerful microbicidal pathway. Activation of TLRs by microbial lipoproteins may initiate innate defense mechanisms against infectious pathogens.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brightbill, H D -- Libraty, D H -- Krutzik, S R -- Yang, R B -- Belisle, J T -- Bleharski, J R -- Maitland, M -- Norgard, M V -- Plevy, S E -- Smale, S T -- Brennan, P J -- Bloom, B R -- Godowski, P J -- Modlin, R L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jul 30;285(5428):732-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Anges, CA 90095, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10426995" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, Bacterial/chemistry/*immunology/metabolism ; Cell Line ; *Drosophila Proteins ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Interleukin-12/*biosynthesis/genetics ; Lipopolysaccharides/immunology ; Lipoproteins/chemistry/*immunology/metabolism ; Macrophages/*immunology/metabolism ; Membrane Glycoproteins/*metabolism ; Mice ; Monocytes/*immunology/metabolism ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/*immunology ; NF-kappa B/biosynthesis ; Nitric Oxide Synthase/genetics ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Toll-Like Receptors ; Transcription, Genetic ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Tuberculosis rebounding (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-05-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brennan, P J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 May 22;256(5060):1113-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1589784" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: BCG Vaccine ; Humans ; Isoniazid/therapeutic use ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/*genetics ; Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use ; Research/*trends ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/*epidemiology/microbiology/therapy ; Vaccines, Synthetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Role of the major antigen of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in cell wall biogenesis (1997)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-05-30
    Description: The dominant exported proteins and protective antigens of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are a triad of related gene products called the antigen 85 (Ag85) complex. Each has also been implicated in disease pathogenesis through its fibronectin-binding capacities. A carboxylesterase domain was found within the amino acid sequences of Ag85A, B, and C, and each protein acted as a mycolyltransferase involved in the final stages of mycobacterial cell wall assembly, as shown by direct enzyme assay and site-directed mutagenesis. Furthermore, the use of an antagonist (6-azido-6-deoxy-alpha, alpha'-trehalose) of this activity demonstrates that these proteins are essential and potential targets for new antimycobacterial drugs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Belisle, J T -- Vissa, V D -- Sievert, T -- Takayama, K -- Brennan, P J -- Besra, G S -- AI-18357/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI-35220/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI-38087/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 May 30;276(5317):1420-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA. jbelisle@vines.colostate.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9162010" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Acyltransferases ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Antigens, Bacterial/*physiology ; Azides/metabolism ; Bacterial Proteins/physiology ; Cell Wall/*metabolism ; Chromatography, Thin Layer ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cord Factors/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Escherichia coli/drug effects ; Esterification ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/drug effects/enzymology/immunology/*physiology ; Mycolic Acids/metabolism ; Serine/metabolism ; Trehalose/analogs & derivatives/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    On the origin of leprosy (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-05-17
    Description: Leprosy, a chronic human disease with potentially debilitating neurological consequences, results from infection with Mycobacterium leprae. This unculturable pathogen has undergone extensive reductive evolution, with half of its genome now occupied by pseudogenes. Using comparative genomics, we demonstrated that all extant cases of leprosy are attributable to a single clone whose dissemination worldwide can be retraced from analysis of very rare single-nucleotide polymorphisms. The disease seems to have originated in Eastern Africa or the Near East and spread with successive human migrations. Europeans or North Africans introduced leprosy into West Africa and the Americas within the past 500 years.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Monot, Marc -- Honore, Nadine -- Garnier, Thierry -- Araoz, Romulo -- Coppee, Jean-Yves -- Lacroix, Celine -- Sow, Samba -- Spencer, John S -- Truman, Richard W -- Williams, Diana L -- Gelber, Robert -- Virmond, Marcos -- Flageul, Beatrice -- Cho, Sang-Nae -- Ji, Baohong -- Paniz-Mondolfi, Alberto -- Convit, Jacinto -- Young, Saroj -- Fine, Paul E -- Rasolofo, Voahangy -- Brennan, Patrick J -- Cole, Stewart T -- R01-AI47197-01A1/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 May 13;308(5724):1040-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Unite de Genetique Moleculaire Bacterienne, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15894530" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Africa/epidemiology ; Americas/epidemiology ; Asia/epidemiology ; Biological Evolution ; *Emigration and Immigration ; Europe/epidemiology ; Genes, Bacterial ; Genome, Bacterial ; History, 18th Century ; History, 19th Century ; History, Ancient ; History, Medieval ; Humans ; Interspersed Repetitive Sequences ; Leprosy/epidemiology/*history/microbiology/transmission ; Minisatellite Repeats ; Mycobacterium leprae/classification/*genetics ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Population Dynamics ; Pseudogenes ; Sequence Analysis, DNA
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    CD1-restricted T cell recognition of microbial lipoglycan antigens (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-07-14
    Description: It has long been the paradigm that T cells recognize peptide antigens presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. However, nonpeptide antigens can be presented to T cells by human CD1b molecules, which are not encoded by the MHC. A major class of microbial antigens associated with pathogenicity are lipoglycans. It is shown here that human CD1b presents the defined mycobacterial lipoglycan lipoarabinomannan (LAM) to alpha beta T cell receptor-bearing lymphocytes. Presentation of these lipoglycan antigens required internalization and endosomal acidification. The T cell recognition required mannosides with alpha(1--〉2) linkages and a phosphotidylinositol unit. T cells activated by LAM produced interferon gamma and were cytolytic. Thus, an important class of microbial molecules, the lipoglycans, is a part of the universe of foreign antigens recognized by human T cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sieling, P A -- Chatterjee, D -- Porcelli, S A -- Prigozy, T I -- Mazzaccaro, R J -- Soriano, T -- Bloom, B R -- Brenner, M B -- Kronenberg, M -- Brennan, P J -- AI 07118/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI 18357/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI 28973/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Jul 14;269(5221):227-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Dermatology, University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) School of Medicine 90095, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7542404" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Antigen Presentation ; Antigen-Presenting Cells/immunology ; Antigens, CD/*immunology ; Antigens, CD1 ; Carbohydrate Conformation ; Carbohydrate Sequence ; Cell Line ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma/secretion ; Interleukin-4/secretion ; Leprosy/*immunology ; Lipopolysaccharides/*immunology ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mycobacterium leprae/immunology ; Phosphatidylinositols/immunology ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/immunology ; Species Specificity ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Leprosy vaccine (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-04-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brennan, P J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 23;216(4544):362.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17745857" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of the Arabinose Donor .beta.-D-Arabinofuranosyl-1-monophosphoryldecaprenol, Development of a Basic Arabinosyl-Transferase Assay, and Identification of Ethambutol as an Arabinosyl Transferase Inhibitor (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 117 (1995), S. 11829-11832 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00153a002
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Possibilities of DNA Analysis for the Detection of Predisposition to Thrombotic Disease (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 667 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb51634.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Leprosy and the Leprosy Bacillus: Recent Developments in Characterization of Antigens and Immunology of the Disease (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Microbiology 41 (1987), S. 645-675 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4227
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.mi.41.100187.003241
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Envelope of Mycobacteria (1995)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Biochemistry 64 (1995), S. 29-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4154
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.bi.64.070195.000333
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