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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2002-09-28
    Description: Molecular genetic studies of Drosophila melanogaster have led to profound advances in understanding the regulation of development. Here we report gene expression patterns for nearly one-third of all Drosophila genes during a complete time course of development. Mutations that eliminate eye or germline tissue were used to further analyze tissue-specific gene expression programs. These studies define major characteristics of the transcriptional programs that underlie the life cycle, compare development in males and females, and show that large-scale gene expression data collected from whole animals can be used to identify genes expressed in particular tissues and organs or genes involved in specific biological and biochemical processes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arbeitman, Michelle N -- Furlong, Eileen E M -- Imam, Farhad -- Johnson, Eric -- Null, Brian H -- Baker, Bruce S -- Krasnow, Mark A -- Scott, Matthew P -- Davis, Ronald W -- White, Kevin P -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Sep 27;297(5590):2270-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12351791" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Algorithms ; Animals ; Cluster Analysis ; Drosophila Proteins/genetics/physiology ; Drosophila melanogaster/embryology/*genetics/*growth & development ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/physiology ; Female ; *Gene Expression ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; *Genes, Insect ; Germ Cells/physiology ; Larva/genetics ; Life Cycle Stages/*genetics ; Male ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Organ Specificity ; Pupa/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Sex Characteristics ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2001-02-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Baker, C S -- Lento, G M -- Cipriano, F -- Dalebout, M L -- Palumbi, S R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Dec 1;290(5497):1695-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11186388" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Commerce ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; Ecosystem ; International Cooperation ; Japan ; *Whales
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2001-02-07
    Description: Long sediment cores recovered from the deep portions of Lake Titicaca are used to reconstruct the precipitation history of tropical South America for the past 25,000 years. Lake Titicaca was a deep, fresh, and continuously overflowing lake during the last glacial stage, from before 25,000 to 15,000 calibrated years before the present (cal yr B.P.), signifying that during the last glacial maximum (LGM), the Altiplano of Bolivia and Peru and much of the Amazon basin were wetter than today. The LGM in this part of the Andes is dated at 21,000 cal yr B.P., approximately coincident with the global LGM. Maximum aridity and lowest lake level occurred in the early and middle Holocene (8000 to 5500 cal yr B.P.) during a time of low summer insolation. Today, rising levels of Lake Titicaca and wet conditions in Amazonia are correlated with anomalously cold sea-surface temperatures in the northern equatorial Atlantic. Likewise, during the deglacial and Holocene periods, there were several millennial-scale wet phases on the Altiplano and in Amazonia that coincided with anomalously cold periods in the equatorial and high-latitude North Atlantic, such as the Younger Dryas.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Baker, P A -- Seltzer, G O -- Fritz, S C -- Dunbar, R B -- Grove, M J -- Tapia, P M -- Cross, S L -- Rowe, H D -- Broda, J P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Jan 26;291(5504):640-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Duke University, Division of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Durham, NC 27708, USA. pbaker@geo.duke.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11158674" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Atmosphere ; Bolivia ; Diatoms ; *Fresh Water ; *Geologic Sediments ; Peru ; Plankton ; *Rain ; Temperature ; Time ; *Tropical Climate
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2001-04-21
    Description: Despite widespread interest in the evolution of social intelligence, little is known about how wild animals acquire and store information about social companions or whether individuals possessing enhanced social knowledge derive biological fitness benefits. Using playback experiments on African elephants (Loxodonta africana), we demonstrated that the possession of enhanced discriminatory abilities by the oldest individual in a group can influence the social knowledge of the group as a whole. These superior abilities for social discrimination may result in higher per capita reproductive success for female groups led by older individuals. Our findings imply that the removal of older, more experienced individuals, which are often targets for hunters because of their large size, could have serious consequences for endangered populations of advanced social mammals such as elephants and whales.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McComb, K -- Moss, C -- Durant, S M -- Baker, L -- Sayialel, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Apr 20;292(5516):491-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK. karenm@biols.susx.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11313492" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aging ; Animals ; *Behavior, Animal ; Biological Evolution ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Discrimination (Psychology) ; *Elephants/physiology ; Exploratory Behavior ; Female ; Kenya ; Reproduction ; Social Behavior ; *Vocalization, Animal
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2001-10-06
    Description: Genome sequencing projects are producing linear amino acid sequences, but full understanding of the biological role of these proteins will require knowledge of their structure and function. Although experimental structure determination methods are providing high-resolution structure information about a subset of the proteins, computational structure prediction methods will provide valuable information for the large fraction of sequences whose structures will not be determined experimentally. The first class of protein structure prediction methods, including threading and comparative modeling, rely on detectable similarity spanning most of the modeled sequence and at least one known structure. The second class of methods, de novo or ab initio methods, predict the structure from sequence alone, without relying on similarity at the fold level between the modeled sequence and any of the known structures. In this Viewpoint, we begin by describing the essential features of the methods, the accuracy of the models, and their application to the prediction and understanding of protein function, both for single proteins and on the scale of whole genomes. We then discuss the important role that protein structure prediction methods play in the growing worldwide effort in structural genomics.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Baker, D -- Sali, A -- GM 54762/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Oct 5;294(5540):93-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. dabaker@u.washington.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11588250" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; *Computational Biology ; Computer Simulation ; Databases, Factual ; *Genomics ; Humans ; Internet ; *Models, Molecular ; *Protein Conformation ; Protein Folding ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Proteins/*chemistry/genetics/physiology ; Sequence Alignment ; Software ; Templates, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2003-11-01
    Description: Because of its requirement for signaling by multiple cytokines, Janus kinase 3 (JAK3) is an excellent target for clinical immunosuppression. We report the development of a specific, orally active inhibitor of JAK3, CP-690,550, that significantly prolonged survival in a murine model of heart transplantation and in cynomolgus monkeys receiving kidney transplants. CP-690,550 treatment was not associated with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or lymphoproliferative disease. On the basis of these preclinical results, we believe JAK3 blockade by CP-690,550 has potential for therapeutically desirable immunosuppression in human organ transplantation and in other clinical settings.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Changelian, Paul S -- Flanagan, Mark E -- Ball, Douglas J -- Kent, Craig R -- Magnuson, Kelly S -- Martin, William H -- Rizzuti, Bonnie J -- Sawyer, Perry S -- Perry, Bret D -- Brissette, William H -- McCurdy, Sandra P -- Kudlacz, Elizabeth M -- Conklyn, Maryrose J -- Elliott, Eileen A -- Koslov, Erika R -- Fisher, Michael B -- Strelevitz, Timothy J -- Yoon, Kwansik -- Whipple, David A -- Sun, Jianmin -- Munchhof, Michael J -- Doty, John L -- Casavant, Jeffrey M -- Blumenkopf, Todd A -- Hines, Michael -- Brown, Matthew F -- Lillie, Brett M -- Subramanyam, Chakrapani -- Shang-Poa, Chang -- Milici, Anthony J -- Beckius, Gretchen E -- Moyer, James D -- Su, Chunyan -- Woodworth, Thasia G -- Gaweco, Anderson S -- Beals, Chan R -- Littman, Bruce H -- Fisher, Douglas A -- Smith, James F -- Zagouras, Panayiotis -- Magna, Holly A -- Saltarelli, Mary J -- Johnson, Kimberly S -- Nelms, Linda F -- Des Etages, Shelley G -- Hayes, Lisa S -- Kawabata, Thomas T -- Finco-Kent, Deborah -- Baker, Deanna L -- Larson, Michael -- Si, Ming-Sing -- Paniagua, Ricardo -- Higgins, John -- Holm, Bari -- Reitz, Bruce -- Zhou, Yong-Jie -- Morris, Randall E -- O'Shea, John J -- Borie, Dominic C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Oct 31;302(5646):875-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Immunology Group, Department of Antibacterials and Immunology, Pfizer Global Researchand Development, Groton, CT 06340, USA. paul_s_changelian@groton.pfizer.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14593182" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Enzyme Inhibitors/administration & dosage/pharmacology/therapeutic use/toxicity ; Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects ; Graft Rejection/*prevention & control ; Graft Survival/drug effects ; *Heart Transplantation ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents/administration & dosage/*pharmacology/therapeutic ; use/toxicity ; Interleukin-2/immunology ; Janus Kinase 3 ; *Kidney Transplantation ; Lymphocyte Activation/drug effects ; Lymphocyte Count ; Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed ; Lymphocyte Subsets/drug effects ; Macaca fascicularis ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Inbred DBA ; Myocardium/metabolism ; Piperidines ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/*antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Pyrimidines/administration & dosage/*pharmacology/therapeutic use/toxicity ; Pyrroles/administration & dosage/*pharmacology/therapeutic use/toxicity ; Transplantation, Heterotopic ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-02-06
    Description: Native DNA from sea urchin embryos contains single-stranded regions (gaps) of up to 3000 nucleotides. The longer gaps (more than 1400 nucleotides) are nonrandomly distributed and are rich in histone gene sequences, other moderately repetitive sequences, and polypyrimidines. The shorter gaps are associated with DNA replication. A method for isolation of the two classes of single-stranded DNA pieces is reported.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wortzman, M S -- Baker, R F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Feb 6;211(4482):588-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7455698" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; *DNA Replication ; DNA, Single-Stranded/*analysis/genetics ; Genes ; Histones/*genetics ; Recombination, Genetic ; Sea Urchins/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1983-08-19
    Description: Flatfish provide a natural model for the study of adaptive changes in the vestibulo-ocular reflex system. During metamorphosis their vestibular and oculomotor coordinate systems undergo a 90 degree relative displacement. As a result, during swimming movements different types of compensatory eye movements are produced before and after metamorphosis by the same vestibular stimulation. Intracellular staining of central nervous connections in the flatfish with horseradish peroxidase revealed that in postmetamorphic fish secondary horizontal semicircular canal neurons contact vertical eye muscle motoneuron pools on both sides of the brain via pathways that are absent in all other vertebrates studied.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Graf, W -- Baker, R -- 13742/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 19;221(4612):777-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6603656" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Physiological ; Animals ; Fishes/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Metamorphosis, Biological ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Oculomotor Muscles/*physiology ; Vestibule, Labyrinth/innervation/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1983-05-06
    Description: Concentrations of biogenic amine metabolites in discrete brain areas differed significantly between dogs with genetically transmitted narcolepsy and age- and breed-matched controls. Dopamine and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid were consistently elevated in the brains of narcoleptic animals, while homovanillic acid was not. Narcoleptic animals consistently exhibited lower utilization of dopamine and higher intraneuronal degradation of dopamine but no uniform decrease in serotonin utilization. Hence neuropathology appears to be associated with genetically transmitted canine narcolepsy. The data indicate a nonglobal depression of dopamine utilization or turnover or both.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mefford, I N -- Baker, T L -- Boehme, R -- Foutz, A S -- Ciaranello, R D -- Barchas, J D -- Dement, W C -- MH 05804/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH 23861/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS 13211/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 6;220(4597):629-32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6188216" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid/analysis ; Animals ; *Brain Chemistry ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Dogs ; Dopamine/analysis ; Epinephrine/analysis ; Homovanillic Acid/analysis ; Humans ; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid/analysis ; Narcolepsy/*physiopathology ; Norepinephrine/analysis ; Serotonin/analysis ; Sleep, REM/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1982-02-26
    Description: More than 400 harbor seals, most of them immature, died along the New England coast between December 1979 and October 1980 of acute pneumonia associated with influenza virus, A/Seal/Mass/1/180 (H7N7). The virus has avian characteristics, replicates principally in mammals, and causes mild respiratory disease in experimentally infected seals. Concurrent infection with a previously undescribed mycoplasma or adverse environmental conditions may have triggered the epizootic. The similarities between this epizootic and other seal mortalities in the past suggest that these events may be linked by common biological and environmental factors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Geraci, J R -- St Aubin, D J -- Barker, I K -- Webster, R G -- Hinshaw, V S -- Bean, W J -- Ruhnke, H L -- Prescott, J H -- Early, G -- Baker, A S -- Madoff, S -- Schooley, R T -- AI02649/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI16841/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Feb 26;215(4536):1129-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7063847" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Disease Outbreaks/*veterinary ; Influenza A virus/isolation & purification ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections/*veterinary ; Pinnipedia/*microbiology ; Pneumonia/*veterinary ; Seals, Earless/*microbiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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