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  • 1
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    Early season depletion of dissolved iron in the Ross Sea polynya: Implications for iron dynamics on the Antarctic continental shelf (2011)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-12-15
    Description: The Ross Sea polynya is among the most productive regions in the Southern Ocean and may constitute a significant oceanic CO2 sink. Based on results from several field studies, this region has been considered seasonally iron limited, whereby a “winter reserve” of dissolved iron (dFe) is progressively depleted during the growing season to low concentrations (∼0.1 nM) that limit phytoplankton growth in the austral summer (December–February). Here we report new iron data for the Ross Sea polynya during austral summer 2005–2006 (27 December–22 January) and the following austral spring 2006 (16 November–3 December). The summer 2005–2006 data show generally low dFe concentrations in polynya surface waters (0.10 ± 0.05 nM in upper 40 m, n = 175), consistent with previous observations. Surprisingly, our spring 2006 data reveal similar low surface dFe concentrations in the polynya (0.06 ± 0.04 nM in upper 40 m, n = 69), in association with relatively high rates of primary production (∼170–260 mmol C m−2 d−1). These results indicate that the winter reserve dFe may be consumed relatively early in the growing season, such that polynya surface waters can become “iron limited” as early as November; i.e., the seasonal depletion of dFe is not necessarily gradual. Satellite observations reveal significant biomass accumulation in the polynya during summer 2006–2007, implying significant sources of “new” dFe to surface waters during this period. Possible sources of this new dFe include episodic vertical exchange, lateral advection, aerosol input, and reductive dissolution of particulate iron.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 2
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    Orbital forcing of the East Antarctic ice sheet during the Pliocene and Early Pleistocene (2014)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-10-31
    Description: Nature Geoscience 7, 841 (2014). doi:10.1038/ngeo2273 Authors: M. O. Patterson, R. McKay, T. Naish, C. Escutia, F. J. Jimenez-Espejo, M. E. Raymo, S. R. Meyers, L. Tauxe, H. Brinkhuis, A. Klaus, A. Fehr, J. A. P. Bendle, P. K. Bijl, S. M. Bohaty, S. A. Carr, R. B. Dunbar, J. A. Flores, J. J. Gonzalez, T. G. Hayden, M. Iwai, K. Katsuki, G. S. Kong, M. Nakai, M. P. Olney, S. Passchier, S. F. Pekar, J. Pross, C. R. Riesselman, U. Röhl, T. Sakai, P. K. Shrivastava, C. E. Stickley, S. Sugasaki, S. Tuo, T. van de Flierdt, K. Welsh, T. Williams & M. Yamane
    Print ISSN: 1752-0894
    Electronic ISSN: 1752-0908
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 3
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    Tropical pacific forcing of decadal SST variability in the western indian ocean over the past two centuries (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-01-29
    Description: A 194-year annual record of skeletal delta(18)O from a coral growing at Malindi, Kenya, preserves a history of sea surface temperature (SST) change that is coherent with instrumental and proxy records of tropical Pacific climate variability over interannual to decadal periods. This variability is superimposed on a warming of as much as 1.3 degrees C since the early 1800s. These results suggest that the tropical Pacific imparts substantial decadal climate variability to the western Indian Ocean and, by implication, may force decadal variability in other regions with strong El Nino-Southern Oscillation teleconnections.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cole -- Dunbar -- McClanahan -- Muthiga -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Jan 28;287(5453):617-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Geological Sciences/Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research (INSTAAR)/Program in Atmospheric and Ocean Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA. Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanfor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10649987" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    The history of South American tropical precipitation for the past 25,000 years (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-02-07
    Description: Long sediment cores recovered from the deep portions of Lake Titicaca are used to reconstruct the precipitation history of tropical South America for the past 25,000 years. Lake Titicaca was a deep, fresh, and continuously overflowing lake during the last glacial stage, from before 25,000 to 15,000 calibrated years before the present (cal yr B.P.), signifying that during the last glacial maximum (LGM), the Altiplano of Bolivia and Peru and much of the Amazon basin were wetter than today. The LGM in this part of the Andes is dated at 21,000 cal yr B.P., approximately coincident with the global LGM. Maximum aridity and lowest lake level occurred in the early and middle Holocene (8000 to 5500 cal yr B.P.) during a time of low summer insolation. Today, rising levels of Lake Titicaca and wet conditions in Amazonia are correlated with anomalously cold sea-surface temperatures in the northern equatorial Atlantic. Likewise, during the deglacial and Holocene periods, there were several millennial-scale wet phases on the Altiplano and in Amazonia that coincided with anomalously cold periods in the equatorial and high-latitude North Atlantic, such as the Younger Dryas.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Baker, P A -- Seltzer, G O -- Fritz, S C -- Dunbar, R B -- Grove, M J -- Tapia, P M -- Cross, S L -- Rowe, H D -- Broda, J P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Jan 26;291(5504):640-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Duke University, Division of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Durham, NC 27708, USA. pbaker@geo.duke.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11158674" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Atmosphere ; Bolivia ; Diatoms ; *Fresh Water ; *Geologic Sediments ; Peru ; Plankton ; *Rain ; Temperature ; Time ; *Tropical Climate
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Early warming of tropical South America at the last glacial-interglacial transition (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-06-01
    Description: Glaciation in the humid tropical Andes is a sensitive indicator of mean annual temperature. Here, we present sedimentological data from lakes beyond the glacial limit in the tropical Andes indicating that deglaciation from the Last Glacial Maximum led substantial warming at high northern latitudes. Deglaciation from glacial maximum positions at Lake Titicaca, Peru/Bolivia (16 degrees S), and Lake Junin, Peru (11 degrees S), occurred 22,000 to 19,500 calendar years before the present, several thousand years before the Bolling-Allerod warming of the Northern Hemisphere and deglaciation of the Sierra Nevada, United States (36.5 degrees to 38 degrees N). The tropical Andes deglaciated while climatic conditions remained regionally wet, which reflects the dominant control of mean annual temperature on tropical glaciation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Seltzer, G O -- Rodbell, D T -- Baker, P A -- Fritz, S C -- Tapia, P M -- Rowe, H D -- Dunbar, R B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 May 31;296(5573):1685-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Earth Sciences, Syracuse University, 204 Heroy Geology Laboratory, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA. goseltze@syr.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12040193" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Phytoplankton community structure and the drawdown of nutrients and CO2 in the southern ocean (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-01-15
    Description: Data from recent oceanographic cruises show that phytoplankton community structure in the Ross Sea is related to mixed layer depth. Diatoms dominate in highly stratified waters, whereas Phaeocystis antarctica assemblages dominate where waters are more deeply mixed. The drawdown of both carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrate per mole of phosphate and the rate of new production by diatoms are much lower than that measured for P. antarctica. Consequently, the capacity of the biological community to draw down atmospheric CO2 and transport it to the deep ocean could diminish dramatically if predicted increases in upper ocean stratification due to climate warming should occur.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arrigo -- Robinson -- Worthen -- Dunbar -- DiTullio -- VanWoert -- Lizotte -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jan 15;283(5400):365-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉K. R. Arrigo, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 971.0, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA. D. H. Robinson. Romberg Tiburon Center for Environmental Studies, San Francisco State University, 3150 Paradise Drive, Post Office Box 855, Tiburon, CA 94920-〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9888847" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Reorganization of Southern Ocean plankton ecosystem at the onset of Antarctic glaciation (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-04-20
    Description: The circum-Antarctic Southern Ocean is an important region for global marine food webs and carbon cycling because of sea-ice formation and its unique plankton ecosystem. However, the mechanisms underlying the installation of this distinct ecosystem and the geological timing of its development remain unknown. Here, we show, on the basis of fossil marine dinoflagellate cyst records, that a major restructuring of the Southern Ocean plankton ecosystem occurred abruptly and concomitant with the first major Antarctic glaciation in the earliest Oligocene (~33.6 million years ago). This turnover marks a regime shift in zooplankton-phytoplankton interactions and community structure, which indicates the appearance of eutrophic and seasonally productive environments on the Antarctic margin. We conclude that earliest Oligocene cooling, ice-sheet expansion, and subsequent sea-ice formation were important drivers of biotic evolution in the Southern Ocean.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Houben, Alexander J P -- Bijl, Peter K -- Pross, Jorg -- Bohaty, Steven M -- Passchier, Sandra -- Stickley, Catherine E -- Rohl, Ursula -- Sugisaki, Saiko -- Tauxe, Lisa -- van de Flierdt, Tina -- Olney, Matthew -- Sangiorgi, Francesca -- Sluijs, Appy -- Escutia, Carlota -- Brinkhuis, Henk -- Expedition 318 Scientists -- Dotti, Carlota Escutia -- Klaus, Adam -- Fehr, Annick -- Williams, Trevor -- Bendle, James A P -- Carr, Stephanie A -- Dunbar, Robert B -- Flores, Jose-Abel -- Gonzalez, Jhon J -- Hayden, Travis G -- Iwai, Masao -- Jimenez-Espejo, Francisco J -- Katsuki, Kota -- Kong, Gee Soo -- McKay, Robert M -- Nakai, Mutsumi -- Pekar, Stephen F -- Riesselman, Christina -- Sakai, Toyosaburo -- Salzmann, Ulrich -- Shrivastava, Prakash K -- Tuo, Shouting -- Welsh, Kevin -- Yamane, Masako -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Apr 19;340(6130):341-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1223646.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Earth Sciences, Laboratory of Palaeobotany and Palynology, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Budapestlaan 4, 3584 CD Utrecht, Netherlands. Alexander.Houben@TNO.nl〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23599491" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Adaptation, Physiological ; Animals ; Antarctic Regions ; Cold Temperature ; Dinoflagellida/*physiology ; *Ecosystem ; Fossils ; *Ice Cover ; *Oceans and Seas ; Phytoplankton/*physiology ; Zooplankton/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    Reproducibility of Ba/Ca variations recorded by northeast Pacific bamboo corals (2017)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-08-19
    Description: Trace elemental ratios preserved in the calcitic skeleton of bamboo corals have been shown to serve as archives of past ocean conditions. The concentration of dissolved barium (Ba SW ), a bio-intermediate element, is linked to biogeochemical processes such as the cycling and export of nutrients. Recent work has calibrated bamboo coral Ba/Ca, a new Ba SW proxy, using corals spanning the oxygen minimum zone beneath the California Current System. However, it was previously unclear whether Ba/Ca bamboo coral records were internally reproducible. Here we investigate the accuracy of using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) for Ba/Ca bamboo coral analyses and test the internal reproducibility of Ba/Ca among replicate radial transects in the calcite of nine bamboo corals collected from the Gulf of Alaska (643--720 m) and the California margin (870--2054 m). Data from replicate Ba/Ca transects were aligned using visible growth bands to account for non-concentric growth; smoothed data were reproducible within ~4% for eight corals (n = 3 radii/coral). This intra-coral reproducibility further validates using bamboo coral Ba/Ca for Ba SW reconstructions. Sections of the Ba/Ca records that were potentially influenced by non-carbonate bound Ba phases occurred in regions where elevated Mg/Ca or Pb/Ca and coincided with anomalous regions on photomicrographs. After removing these regions of the records, increased Ba/Ca bamboo coral variability was evident in corals between ~800--1500 m. These findings support additional proxy validation to understand Ba SW variability on interannual timescales, which could lead to new insights into deep sea biogeochemistry over the past several centuries.
    Print ISSN: 0883-8305
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-9186
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 9
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    Onset and Evolution of Southern Annular Mode-Like Changes at Centennial Timescale (2018)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-02-23
    Description: Onset and Evolution of Southern Annular Mode-Like Changes at Centennial Timescale Onset and Evolution of Southern Annular Mode-Like Changes at Centennial Timescale, Published online: 22 February 2018; doi:10.1038/s41598-018-21836-6 Onset and Evolution of Southern Annular Mode-Like Changes at Centennial Timescale
    Electronic ISSN: 2045-2322
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid and early export of Phaeocystis antarctica blooms in the Ross Sea, Antarctica (2000)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 404 (2000), S. 595-598 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The Southern Ocean is very important for the potential sequestration of carbon dioxide in the oceans and is expected to be vulnerable to changes in carbon export forced by anthropogenic climate warming. Annual phytoplankton blooms in seasonal ice zones are highly productive and are ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35007061
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