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  • Articles  (10)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (7)
  • Seismological Society of America (SSA)  (2)
  • Springer  (1)
  • 2015-2019  (1)
  • 2010-2014  (7)
  • 1985-1989  (2)
  • Physics  (9)
  • Biology  (8)
  • Computer Science  (7)
  • Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • Articles  (10)
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  • 1
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    Isotropic events observed with a borehole array in the Chelungpu fault zone, Taiwan (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-07-28
    Description: Shear failure is the dominant mode of earthquake-causing rock failure along faults. High fluid pressure can also potentially induce rock failure by opening cavities and cracks, but an active example of this process has not been directly observed in a fault zone. Using borehole array data collected along the low-stress Chelungpu fault zone, Taiwan, we observed several small seismic events (I-type events) in a fluid-rich permeable zone directly below the impermeable slip zone of the 1999 moment magnitude 7.6 Chi-Chi earthquake. Modeling of the events suggests an isotropic, nonshear source mechanism likely associated with natural hydraulic fractures. These seismic events may be associated with the formation of veins and other fluid features often observed in rocks surrounding fault zones and may be similar to artificially induced hydraulic fracturing.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ma, Kuo-Fong -- Lin, Yen-Yu -- Lee, Shiann-Jong -- Mori, Jim -- Brodsky, Emily E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Jul 27;337(6093):459-63. doi: 10.1126/science.1222119.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Earth Sciences, and Institute of Geophysics, National Central University, Taiwan, Republic of China. fong@ncu.edu.tw〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22837526" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Stress state in the largest displacement area of the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-02-09
    Description: The 2011 moment magnitude 9.0 Tohoku-Oki earthquake produced a maximum coseismic slip of more than 50 meters near the Japan trench, which could result in a completely reduced stress state in the region. We tested this hypothesis by determining the in situ stress state of the frontal prism from boreholes drilled by the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program approximately 1 year after the earthquake and by inferring the pre-earthquake stress state. On the basis of the horizontal stress orientations and magnitudes estimated from borehole breakouts and the increase in coseismic displacement during propagation of the rupture to the trench axis, in situ horizontal stress decreased during the earthquake. The stress change suggests an active slip of the frontal plate interface, which is consistent with coseismic fault weakening and a nearly total stress drop.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lin, Weiren -- Conin, Marianne -- Moore, J Casey -- Chester, Frederick M -- Nakamura, Yasuyuki -- Mori, James J -- Anderson, Louise -- Brodsky, Emily E -- Eguchi, Nobuhisa -- Expedition 343 Scientists -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Feb 8;339(6120):687-90. doi: 10.1126/science.1229379.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Nankoku, Japan. lin@jamstec.go.jp〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23393262" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Low coseismic friction on the Tohoku-Oki fault determined from temperature measurements (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-12-07
    Description: The frictional resistance on a fault during slip controls earthquake dynamics. Friction dissipates heat during an earthquake; therefore, the fault temperature after an earthquake provides insight into the level of friction. The Japan Trench Fast Drilling Project (Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 343 and 343T) installed a borehole temperature observatory 16 months after the March 2011 moment magnitude 9.0 Tohoku-Oki earthquake across the fault where slip was ~50 meters near the trench. After 9 months of operation, the complete sensor string was recovered. A 0.31 degrees C temperature anomaly at the plate boundary fault corresponds to 27 megajoules per square meter of dissipated energy during the earthquake. The resulting apparent friction coefficient of 0.08 is considerably smaller than static values for most rocks.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fulton, P M -- Brodsky, E E -- Kano, Y -- Mori, J -- Chester, F -- Ishikawa, T -- Harris, R N -- Lin, W -- Eguchi, N -- Toczko, S -- Expedition 343, 343T, and KR13-08 Scientists -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Dec 6;342(6163):1214-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1243641.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24311684" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Continuous permeability measurements record healing inside the Wenchuan earthquake fault zone (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-07-03
    Description: Permeability controls fluid flow in fault zones and is a proxy for rock damage after an earthquake. We used the tidal response of water level in a deep borehole to track permeability for 18 months in the damage zone of the causative fault of the 2008 moment magnitude 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake. The unusually high measured hydraulic diffusivity of 2.4 x 10(-2) square meters per second implies a major role for water circulation in the fault zone. For most of the observation period, the permeability decreased rapidly as the fault healed. The trend was interrupted by abrupt permeability increases attributable to shaking from remote earthquakes. These direct measurements of the fault zone reveal a process of punctuated recovery as healing and damage interact in the aftermath of a major earthquake.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Xue, Lian -- Li, Hai-Bing -- Brodsky, Emily E -- Xu, Zhi-Qing -- Kano, Yasuyuki -- Wang, Huan -- Mori, James J -- Si, Jia-Liang -- Pei, Jun-Ling -- Zhang, Wei -- Yang, Guang -- Sun, Zhi-Ming -- Huang, Yao -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Jun 28;340(6140):1555-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1237237.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA. lxue3@ucsc.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23812711" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: China ; *Disasters ; *Earthquakes ; *Groundwater
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Low coseismic shear stress on the Tohoku-Oki megathrust determined from laboratory experiments (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-12-07
    Description: Large coseismic slip was thought to be unlikely to occur on the shallow portions of plate-boundary thrusts, but the 11 March 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake [moment magnitude (Mw) = 9.0] produced huge displacements of ~50 meters near the Japan Trench with a resultant devastating tsunami. To investigate the mechanisms of the very large fault movements, we conducted high-velocity (1.3 meters per second) friction experiments on samples retrieved from the plate-boundary thrust associated with the earthquake. The results show a small stress drop with very low peak and steady-state shear stress. The very low shear stress can be attributed to the abundance of weak clay (smectite) and thermal pressurization effects, which can facilitate fault slip. This behavior provides an explanation for the huge shallow slip that occurred during the earthquake.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ujiie, Kohtaro -- Tanaka, Hanae -- Saito, Tsubasa -- Tsutsumi, Akito -- Mori, James J -- Kameda, Jun -- Brodsky, Emily E -- Chester, Frederick M -- Eguchi, Nobuhisa -- Toczko, Sean -- Expedition 343 and 343T Scientists -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Dec 6;342(6163):1211-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1243485.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24311683" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Structure and composition of the plate-boundary slip zone for the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-12-07
    Description: The mechanics of great subduction earthquakes are influenced by the frictional properties, structure, and composition of the plate-boundary fault. We present observations of the structure and composition of the shallow source fault of the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake and tsunami from boreholes drilled by the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 343 and 343T. Logging-while-drilling and core-sample observations show a single major plate-boundary fault accommodated the large slip of the Tohoku-Oki earthquake rupture, as well as nearly all the cumulative interplate motion at the drill site. The localization of deformation onto a limited thickness (less than 5 meters) of pelagic clay is the defining characteristic of the shallow earthquake fault, suggesting that the pelagic clay may be a regionally important control on tsunamigenic earthquakes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chester, Frederick M -- Rowe, Christie -- Ujiie, Kohtaro -- Kirkpatrick, James -- Regalla, Christine -- Remitti, Francesca -- Moore, J Casey -- Toy, Virginia -- Wolfson-Schwehr, Monica -- Bose, Santanu -- Kameda, Jun -- Mori, James J -- Brodsky, Emily E -- Eguchi, Nobuhisa -- Toczko, Sean -- Expedition 343 and 343T Scientists -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Dec 6;342(6163):1208-11. doi: 10.1126/science.1243719.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Tectonophysics, Department of Geology and Geophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24311682" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 7
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    Outward-dipping ring-fault structure at rabaul caldera as shown by earthquake locations (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-01-09
    Description: The locations of a large number of earthquakes recorded at Rabaul caldera in Papua New Guinea from late 1983 to mid-1985 have produced a picture of this active caldera's structural boundary. The earthquake epicenters form an elliptical annulus about 10 kilometers long by 4 kilometers wide, centered in the southern part of the Rabaul volcanic complex. A set of events with well-constrained depth determinations shows a ring-fault structure that extends from the surface to a depth of about 4 kilometers and slopes steeply outward from the center of the caldera. This is the first geophysical data set that clearly outlines the orientation of an active caldera's bounding faults. This orientation, however, conflicts with the configuration of many other calderas and is not in keeping with currently preferred models of caldera formation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mori, J -- McKee, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Jan 9;235(4785):193-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17778631" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Short-Period Energy of the 25 April 2015 Mw 7.8 Nepal Earthquake Determined from Backprojection Using Four Arrays in Europe, China, Japan, and Australia (2016)
    Seismological Society of America (SSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-01-27
    Description: We apply a backprojection analysis to determine the locations and timing of the sources of short-period (0.5–5 s) energy generated by the 2015 Nepal earthquake. We use data from four different arrays at varying azimuths in Europe, China, Japan, and Australia, which show generally consistent features for the rupture propagation. The sources of strong short-period energy are generally distributed east of the epicenter at distances of 10–100 km during the time period of 25–55 s after the initiation. The rupture speed was ~1.0 km/s for the first 20 s then accelerated to ~3.0 km/s for the remaining 30–40 s. The locations of sources of short-period energy are close to the down-dip edge of the fault and are complementary to the areas of large fault slip that occur further up-dip. The Nepal earthquake might be another example in which regions of large fault slip do not coincide with the source areas of short-period energy, which are likely associated with the damaging strong ground motions. Online Material: Animations of backprojections for the 2015 Nepal earthquake using four different arrays.
    Print ISSN: 0037-1106
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-3573
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Seismological Society of America (SSA)
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  • 9
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    Light- and electron-microscopic visualization of ?-aminobutyric acid and GABA-transaminase in the oviduct of rats (1986)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-06-01
    Print ISSN: 0302-766X
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0878
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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  • 10
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    Precursory Seismic Activity Surrounding the High-Slip Patches of the 2011 Mw 9.0 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake (2013)
    Seismological Society of America (SSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-11-22
    Description: Using the Japan Meteorological Agency earthquake catalog since 1923, we investigated the seismic activity prior to the 2011 M w  9.0 Tohoku-Oki earthquake with reference to the slip distribution, which is characterized by two high-slip (≥20 m) patches separated by a zone of relatively low slip. The peak of the northern high-slip patch is located near the trench while the peak of the southern high-slip patch is situated about 40 km southeast of the mainshock epicenter, about 70 km away from the trench. It is estimated that the mainshock ruptured the southern high-slip patch first and then extended to a larger adjacent region, including the northern high-slip patch. The epicenters of foreshock activity that started two days before the mainshock are distributed in the western edge of the northern high-slip patch where other prominent activity, such as the 1981 event, occurred during the past 90 years. Based on the spatiotemporal seismicity pattern around the two high-slip patches, we infer that the foreshock activity triggered the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake because the increased stress from the foreshock activity was able to overcome the strength of the southern high-slip patch, which had been sufficiently weakened by a series of large surrounding earthquakes since 2003. Other prominent activity, such as the 1981 event, failed to trigger such a great earthquake because similar stress condition had not been established at those times. The doughnut-shaped seismicity pattern that formed around the peak of the southern high-slip patch suggests the existence of an extremely strong patch that had not been ruptured by the surrounding large earthquakes for a long period of time.
    Print ISSN: 0037-1106
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-3573
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Seismological Society of America (SSA)
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