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  • Molecular Sequence Data  (3)
  • Condensed Matter: Electronic Properties, etc.  (2)
  • Models, Molecular
  • 2010-2014  (5)
  • 2012  (5)
  • 1
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    Structure of a presenilin family intramembrane aspartate protease (2012)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-12-21
    Description: Presenilin and signal peptide peptidase (SPP) are intramembrane aspartyl proteases that regulate important biological functions in eukaryotes. Mechanistic understanding of presenilin and SPP has been hampered by lack of relevant structural information. Here we report the crystal structure of a presenilin/SPP homologue (PSH) from the archaeon Methanoculleus marisnigri JR1. The protease, comprising nine transmembrane segments (TMs), adopts a previously unreported protein fold. The amino-terminal domain, consisting of TM1-6, forms a horseshoe-shaped structure, surrounding TM7-9 of the carboxy-terminal domain. The two catalytic aspartate residues are located on the cytoplasmic side of TM6 and TM7, spatially close to each other and approximately 8 A into the lipid membrane surface. Water molecules gain constant access to the catalytic aspartates through a large cavity between the amino- and carboxy-terminal domains. Structural analysis reveals insights into the presenilin/SPP family of intramembrane proteases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Li, Xiaochun -- Dang, Shangyu -- Yan, Chuangye -- Gong, Xinqi -- Wang, Jiawei -- Shi, Yigong -- England -- Nature. 2013 Jan 3;493(7430):56-61. doi: 10.1038/nature11801. Epub 2012 Dec 19.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23254940" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases/*chemistry ; Catalytic Domain ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Humans ; Methanomicrobiaceae/*enzymology ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Presenilin-1/chemistry ; Presenilins/*chemistry ; Protein Multimerization ; Protein Structure, Quaternary ; Structural Homology, Protein
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 2
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    Dense chromatin activates Polycomb repressive complex 2 to regulate H3 lysine 27 methylation (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-08-28
    Description: Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2)-mediated histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27) methylation is vital for Polycomb gene silencing, a classic epigenetic phenomenon that maintains transcriptional silencing throughout cell divisions. We report that PRC2 activity is regulated by the density of its substrate nucleosome arrays. Neighboring nucleosomes activate the PRC2 complex with a fragment of their H3 histones (Ala(31) to Arg(42)). We also identified mutations on PRC2 subunit Su(z)12, which impair its binding and response to the activating peptide and its ability in establishing H3K27 trimethylation levels in vivo. In mouse embryonic stem cells, local chromatin compaction occurs before the formation of trimethylated H3K27 upon transcription cessation of the retinoic acid-regulated gene CYP26a1. We propose that PRC2 can sense the chromatin environment to exert its role in the maintenance of transcriptional states.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yuan, Wen -- Wu, Tong -- Fu, Hang -- Dai, Chao -- Wu, Hui -- Liu, Nan -- Li, Xiang -- Xu, Mo -- Zhang, Zhuqiang -- Niu, Tianhui -- Han, Zhifu -- Chai, Jijie -- Zhou, Xianghong Jasmine -- Gao, Shaorong -- Zhu, Bing -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Aug 24;337(6097):971-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1225237.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22923582" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; Chromatin Immunoprecipitation ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/genetics ; Drosophila Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster ; Embryonic Stem Cells ; Gene Silencing ; Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Histones/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Humans ; Lysine/metabolism ; Methylation ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutagenesis ; Nucleosomes/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; Peptide Fragments/metabolism ; Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 ; Polycomb-Group Proteins ; Repressor Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; *Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    A killer-protector system regulates both hybrid sterility and segregation distortion in rice (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-09-18
    Description: Hybrid sterility is a major form of postzygotic reproductive isolation that restricts gene flow between populations. Cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.) consists of two subspecies, indica and japonica; inter-subspecific hybrids are usually sterile. We show that a killer-protector system at the S5 locus encoded by three tightly linked genes [Open Reading Frame 3 (ORF3) to ORF5] regulates fertility in indica-japonica hybrids. During female sporogenesis, the action of ORF5+ (killer) and ORF4+ (partner) causes endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. ORF3+ (protector) prevents ER stress and produces normal gametes, but ORF3- cannot prevent ER stress, resulting in premature programmed cell death and leads to embryo-sac abortion. Preferential transmission of ORF3+ gametes results in segregation distortion in the progeny. These results add to our understanding of differences between indica and japonica rice and may aid in rice genetic improvement.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yang, Jiangyi -- Zhao, Xiaobo -- Cheng, Ke -- Du, Hongyi -- Ouyang, Yidan -- Chen, Jiongjiong -- Qiu, Shuqing -- Huang, Jianyan -- Jiang, Yunhe -- Jiang, Liwen -- Ding, Jihua -- Wang, Jia -- Xu, Caiguo -- Li, Xianghua -- Zhang, Qifa -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Sep 14;337(6100):1336-40. doi: 10.1126/science.1223702.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22984070" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Chimera/*genetics ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress/genetics ; Germ Cells, Plant/metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Open Reading Frames/genetics ; Oryza/cytology/*genetics ; Plant Infertility/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Three Dimensionality and Orbital Characters of the Fermi Surface in (Tl,Rb)_{y}Fe_{2-x}Se_{2} (2012)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-07-21
    Description: Author(s): Z.-H. Liu, P. Richard, N. Xu, G. Xu, Y. Li, X.-C. Fang, L.-L. Jia, G.-F. Chen, D.-M. Wang, J.-B. He, T. Qian, J.-P. Hu, H. Ding, and S.-C. Wang We report a comprehensive angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy study of the tridimensional electronic bands in the recently discovered Fe selenide superconductor (Tl,Rb) y Fe 2-x Se 2 ( T c =32  K ). We determined the orbital characters and the k z dependence of the low energy electronic structure by tun... [Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 037003] Published Fri Jul 20, 2012
    Keywords: Condensed Matter: Electronic Properties, etc.
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 5
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    Strong Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction and Origin of Ferroelectricity in Cu_{2}OSeO_{3} (2012)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-09-08
    Description: Author(s): J. H. Yang, Z. L. Li, X. Z. Lu, M.-H. Whangbo, Su-Huai Wei, X. G. Gong, and H. J. Xiang By performing density functional calculations, we investigate the origin of the Skyrmion state and ferroelectricity in Cu 2 OSeO 3 . We find that the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions between the two different kinds of Cu ions are extremely strong and induce the helical ground state and the Skyrmion st... [Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 107203] Published Fri Sep 07, 2012
    Keywords: Condensed Matter: Electronic Properties, etc.
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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