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  • Articles  (2)
  • Animals  (2)
  • Base Sequence
  • Biological physics
  • General Physics: Statistical and Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Information, etc.
  • Population Dynamics
  • Nature Publishing Group (NPG)  (2)
  • 2010-2014  (2)
  • 2011  (2)
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2011-12-14
    Description: Metastatic growth in distant organs is the major cause of cancer mortality. The development of metastasis is a multistage process with several rate-limiting steps. Although dissemination of tumour cells seems to be an early and frequent event, the successful initiation of metastatic growth, a process termed 'metastatic colonization', is inefficient for many cancer types and is accomplished only by a minority of cancer cells that reach distant sites. Prevalent target sites are characteristic of many tumour entities, suggesting that inadequate support by distant tissues contributes to the inefficiency of the metastatic process. Here we show that a small population of cancer stem cells is critical for metastatic colonization, that is, the initial expansion of cancer cells at the secondary site, and that stromal niche signals are crucial to this expansion process. We find that periostin (POSTN), a component of the extracellular matrix, is expressed by fibroblasts in the normal tissue and in the stroma of the primary tumour. Infiltrating tumour cells need to induce stromal POSTN expression in the secondary target organ (in this case lung) to initiate colonization. POSTN is required to allow cancer stem cell maintenance, and blocking its function prevents metastasis. POSTN recruits Wnt ligands and thereby increases Wnt signalling in cancer stem cells. We suggest that the education of stromal cells by infiltrating tumour cells is an important step in metastatic colonization and that preventing de novo niche formation may be a novel strategy for the treatment of metastatic disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Malanchi, Ilaria -- Santamaria-Martinez, Albert -- Susanto, Evelyn -- Peng, Hong -- Lehr, Hans-Anton -- Delaloye, Jean-Francois -- Huelsken, Joerg -- England -- Nature. 2011 Dec 7;481(7379):85-9. doi: 10.1038/nature10694.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research and National Center of Competence in Research Molecular Oncology, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22158103" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; Cell Adhesion Molecules/genetics/metabolism ; Female ; Lung Neoplasms/secondary ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neoplasm Metastasis/*pathology ; Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism/*pathology ; Stem Cell Niche/*physiology ; Stromal Cells/metabolism ; Wnt Signaling Pathway
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2011-11-25
    Description: The spider mite Tetranychus urticae is a cosmopolitan agricultural pest with an extensive host plant range and an extreme record of pesticide resistance. Here we present the completely sequenced and annotated spider mite genome, representing the first complete chelicerate genome. At 90 megabases T. urticae has the smallest sequenced arthropod genome. Compared with other arthropods, the spider mite genome shows unique changes in the hormonal environment and organization of the Hox complex, and also reveals evolutionary innovation of silk production. We find strong signatures of polyphagy and detoxification in gene families associated with feeding on different hosts and in new gene families acquired by lateral gene transfer. Deep transcriptome analysis of mites feeding on different plants shows how this pest responds to a changing host environment. The T. urticae genome thus offers new insights into arthropod evolution and plant-herbivore interactions, and provides unique opportunities for developing novel plant protection strategies.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Grbic, Miodrag -- Van Leeuwen, Thomas -- Clark, Richard M -- Rombauts, Stephane -- Rouze, Pierre -- Grbic, Vojislava -- Osborne, Edward J -- Dermauw, Wannes -- Ngoc, Phuong Cao Thi -- Ortego, Felix -- Hernandez-Crespo, Pedro -- Diaz, Isabel -- Martinez, Manuel -- Navajas, Maria -- Sucena, Elio -- Magalhaes, Sara -- Nagy, Lisa -- Pace, Ryan M -- Djuranovic, Sergej -- Smagghe, Guy -- Iga, Masatoshi -- Christiaens, Olivier -- Veenstra, Jan A -- Ewer, John -- Villalobos, Rodrigo Mancilla -- Hutter, Jeffrey L -- Hudson, Stephen D -- Velez, Marisela -- Yi, Soojin V -- Zeng, Jia -- Pires-daSilva, Andre -- Roch, Fernando -- Cazaux, Marc -- Navarro, Marie -- Zhurov, Vladimir -- Acevedo, Gustavo -- Bjelica, Anica -- Fawcett, Jeffrey A -- Bonnet, Eric -- Martens, Cindy -- Baele, Guy -- Wissler, Lothar -- Sanchez-Rodriguez, Aminael -- Tirry, Luc -- Blais, Catherine -- Demeestere, Kristof -- Henz, Stefan R -- Gregory, T Ryan -- Mathieu, Johannes -- Verdon, Lou -- Farinelli, Laurent -- Schmutz, Jeremy -- Lindquist, Erika -- Feyereisen, Rene -- Van de Peer, Yves -- England -- Nature. 2011 Nov 23;479(7374):487-92. doi: 10.1038/nature10640.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London N6A 5B7, Canada. mgrbic@uwo.ca〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22113690" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Physiological/*genetics/physiology ; Animals ; Ecdysterone/analogs & derivatives/genetics ; Evolution, Molecular ; Fibroins/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Gene Transfer, Horizontal/genetics ; Genes, Homeobox/genetics ; Genome/*genetics ; Genomics ; Herbivory/*genetics/physiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Molting/genetics ; Multigene Family/genetics ; Nanostructures/chemistry ; Plants/parasitology ; Silk/biosynthesis/chemistry ; Tetranychidae/*genetics/*physiology ; Transcriptome/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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