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  • Articles  (63)
  • *Ecosystem  (36)
  • Signal Transduction  (27)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (63)
  • 2010-2014  (63)
  • 2010  (63)
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  • Articles  (63)
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  • 2010-2014  (63)
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  • 11
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    Genetic evidence for high-altitude adaptation in Tibet (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-05-15
    Description: Tibetans have lived at very high altitudes for thousands of years, and they have a distinctive suite of physiological traits that enable them to tolerate environmental hypoxia. These phenotypes are clearly the result of adaptation to this environment, but their genetic basis remains unknown. We report genome-wide scans that reveal positive selection in several regions that contain genes whose products are likely involved in high-altitude adaptation. Positively selected haplotypes of EGLN1 and PPARA were significantly associated with the decreased hemoglobin phenotype that is unique to this highland population. Identification of these genes provides support for previously hypothesized mechanisms of high-altitude adaptation and illuminates the complexity of hypoxia-response pathways in humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Simonson, Tatum S -- Yang, Yingzhong -- Huff, Chad D -- Yun, Haixia -- Qin, Ga -- Witherspoon, David J -- Bai, Zhenzhong -- Lorenzo, Felipe R -- Xing, Jinchuan -- Jorde, Lynn B -- Prchal, Josef T -- Ge, RiLi -- 1P01CA108671-01A2/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- DK069513/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- GM059290/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HL50077/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R00 HG005846/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jul 2;329(5987):72-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1189406. Epub 2010 May 13.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20466884" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Acclimatization ; *Altitude ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group/genetics ; Ethnic Groups/genetics ; Female ; Genetic Association Studies ; Genetic Variation ; Genome, Human ; Haplotypes ; Hemoglobins/*analysis ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1/metabolism ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-Proline Dioxygenases ; Linear Models ; Male ; *Oxygen ; PPAR alpha/*genetics ; Phenotype ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Procollagen-Proline Dioxygenase/*genetics ; *Selection, Genetic ; Signal Transduction ; Tibet
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 12
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    Signaling kinase AMPK activates stress-promoted transcription via histone H2B phosphorylation (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-07-22
    Description: The mammalian adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a serine-threonine kinase protein complex that is a central regulator of cellular energy homeostasis. However, the mechanisms by which AMPK mediates cellular responses to metabolic stress remain unclear. We found that AMPK activates transcription through direct association with chromatin and phosphorylation of histone H2B at serine 36. AMPK recruitment and H2B Ser36 phosphorylation colocalized within genes activated by AMPK-dependent pathways, both in promoters and in transcribed regions. Ectopic expression of H2B in which Ser36 was substituted by alanine reduced transcription and RNA polymerase II association to AMPK-dependent genes, and lowered cell survival in response to stress. Our results place AMPK-dependent H2B Ser36 phosphorylation in a direct transcriptional and chromatin regulatory pathway leading to cellular adaptation to stress.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3922052/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3922052/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bungard, David -- Fuerth, Benjamin J -- Zeng, Ping-Yao -- Faubert, Brandon -- Maas, Nancy L -- Viollet, Benoit -- Carling, David -- Thompson, Craig B -- Jones, Russell G -- Berger, Shelley L -- CA078831/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA09171/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA105463/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- MC_U120027537/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- MOP-93799/Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada -- P01 AG031862/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA104838/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA078831/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA105463/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Sep 3;329(5996):1201-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1191241. Epub 2010 Jul 15.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania Medical School, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20647423" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/chemistry/*metabolism ; Adaptation, Physiological ; Amino Acid Motifs ; Amino Acid Substitution ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Chromatin/*metabolism ; Chromatin Immunoprecipitation ; Enzyme Activation ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Histones/chemistry/*metabolism ; Humans ; Mice ; Phosphorylation ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics/metabolism ; Serine/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; *Stress, Physiological ; *Transcription, Genetic ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 13
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    Siah regulation of Pard3A controls neuronal cell adhesion during germinal zone exit (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-11-27
    Description: The brain's circuitry is established by directed migration and synaptogenesis of neurons during development. Although neurons mature and migrate in specific patterns, little is known about how neurons exit their germinal zone niche. We found that cerebellar granule neuron germinal zone exit is regulated by proteasomal degradation of Pard3A by the Seven in Absentia homolog (Siah) E3 ubiquitin ligase. Pard3A gain of function and Siah loss of function induce precocious radial migration. Time-lapse imaging using a probe to measure neuronal cell contact reveals that Pard3A promotes adhesive interactions needed for germinal zone exit by recruiting the epithelial tight junction adhesion molecule C to the neuronal cell surface. Our findings define a Siah-Pard3A signaling pathway that controls adhesion-dependent exit of neuronal progenitors or immature neurons from a germinal zone niche.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3065828/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3065828/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Famulski, Jakub K -- Trivedi, Niraj -- Howell, Danielle -- Yang, Yuan -- Tong, Yiai -- Gilbertson, Richard -- Solecki, David J -- P01 CA096832/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA096832-07/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P30 CA021765/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P30 CA021765-33/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA129541/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA129541-04/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Dec 24;330(6012):1834-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1198480. Epub 2010 Nov 25.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21109632" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cell Adhesion ; Cell Adhesion Molecules/chemistry/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; *Cell Movement ; Cell Polarity ; Cerebellum/*cytology/embryology/*metabolism ; Dogs ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins/chemistry/metabolism ; Mice ; Morphogenesis ; Neurons/cytology/*physiology ; Protein Binding ; Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; RNA Interference ; Signal Transduction ; Stem Cells/physiology ; Transfection ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/genetics/*metabolism ; Ubiquitination
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 14
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    Reprogramming of T cells to natural killer-like cells upon Bcl11b deletion (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-06-12
    Description: T cells develop in the thymus and are critical for adaptive immunity. Natural killer (NK) lymphocytes constitute an essential component of the innate immune system in tumor surveillance, reproduction, and defense against microbes and viruses. Here, we show that the transcription factor Bcl11b was expressed in all T cell compartments and was indispensable for T lineage development. When Bcl11b was deleted, T cells from all developmental stages acquired NK cell properties and concomitantly lost or decreased T cell-associated gene expression. These induced T-to-natural killer (ITNK) cells, which were morphologically and genetically similar to conventional NK cells, killed tumor cells in vitro, and effectively prevented tumor metastasis in vivo. Therefore, ITNKs may represent a new cell source for cell-based therapies.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3628452/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3628452/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Li, Peng -- Burke, Shannon -- Wang, Juexuan -- Chen, Xiongfeng -- Ortiz, Mariaestela -- Lee, Song-Choon -- Lu, Dong -- Campos, Lia -- Goulding, David -- Ng, Bee Ling -- Dougan, Gordon -- Huntly, Brian -- Gottgens, Bertie -- Jenkins, Nancy A -- Copeland, Neal G -- Colucci, Francesco -- Liu, Pentao -- 076962/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 077186/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- G0501150/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0800784/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G116/187/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jul 2;329(5987):85-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1188063. Epub 2010 Jun 10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1HH, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20538915" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; *Cell Lineage ; Cells, Cultured ; Coculture Techniques ; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; Gene Deletion ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Gene Knock-In Techniques ; Genes, T-Cell Receptor beta ; Killer Cells, Natural/cytology/immunology/*physiology ; *Lymphopoiesis/genetics ; Melanoma, Experimental/immunology/therapy ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Precursor Cells, T-Lymphoid/cytology/physiology ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/metabolism ; Repressor Proteins/*genetics/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Stromal Cells/cytology/physiology ; T-Lymphocytes/cytology/immunology/*physiology/transplantation ; Tamoxifen/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/*genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 15
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    Terrestrial gross carbon dioxide uptake: global distribution and covariation with climate (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-07-07
    Description: Terrestrial gross primary production (GPP) is the largest global CO(2) flux driving several ecosystem functions. We provide an observation-based estimate of this flux at 123 +/- 8 petagrams of carbon per year (Pg C year(-1)) using eddy covariance flux data and various diagnostic models. Tropical forests and savannahs account for 60%. GPP over 40% of the vegetated land is associated with precipitation. State-of-the-art process-oriented biosphere models used for climate predictions exhibit a large between-model variation of GPP's latitudinal patterns and show higher spatial correlations between GPP and precipitation, suggesting the existence of missing processes or feedback mechanisms which attenuate the vegetation response to climate. Our estimates of spatially distributed GPP and its covariation with climate can help improve coupled climate-carbon cycle process models.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Beer, Christian -- Reichstein, Markus -- Tomelleri, Enrico -- Ciais, Philippe -- Jung, Martin -- Carvalhais, Nuno -- Rodenbeck, Christian -- Arain, M Altaf -- Baldocchi, Dennis -- Bonan, Gordon B -- Bondeau, Alberte -- Cescatti, Alessandro -- Lasslop, Gitta -- Lindroth, Anders -- Lomas, Mark -- Luyssaert, Sebastiaan -- Margolis, Hank -- Oleson, Keith W -- Roupsard, Olivier -- Veenendaal, Elmar -- Viovy, Nicolas -- Williams, Christopher -- Woodward, F Ian -- Papale, Dario -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Aug 13;329(5993):834-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1184984. Epub 2010 Jul 5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Biogeochemical Model-Data Integration Group, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, 07745 Jena, Germany. christian.beer@bgc-jena.mpg.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20603496" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Artificial Intelligence ; Atmosphere ; Carbon Dioxide/*metabolism ; *Climate ; Climatic Processes ; *Ecosystem ; Geography ; Models, Biological ; Models, Statistical ; Neural Networks (Computer) ; Oxygen Consumption ; *Photosynthesis ; Plant Leaves/*metabolism ; Plants/*metabolism ; Temperature ; Trees/metabolism ; Uncertainty ; Water
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 16
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    Global convergence in the temperature sensitivity of respiration at ecosystem level (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-07-07
    Description: The respiratory release of carbon dioxide (CO(2)) from the land surface is a major flux in the global carbon cycle, antipodal to photosynthetic CO(2) uptake. Understanding the sensitivity of respiratory processes to temperature is central for quantifying the climate-carbon cycle feedback. We approximated the sensitivity of terrestrial ecosystem respiration to air temperature (Q(10)) across 60 FLUXNET sites with the use of a methodology that circumvents confounding effects. Contrary to previous findings, our results suggest that Q(10) is independent of mean annual temperature, does not differ among biomes, and is confined to values around 1.4 +/- 0.1. The strong relation between photosynthesis and respiration, by contrast, is highly variable among sites. The results may partly explain a less pronounced climate-carbon cycle feedback than suggested by current carbon cycle climate models.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mahecha, Miguel D -- Reichstein, Markus -- Carvalhais, Nuno -- Lasslop, Gitta -- Lange, Holger -- Seneviratne, Sonia I -- Vargas, Rodrigo -- Ammann, Christof -- Arain, M Altaf -- Cescatti, Alessandro -- Janssens, Ivan A -- Migliavacca, Mirco -- Montagnani, Leonardo -- Richardson, Andrew D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Aug 13;329(5993):838-40. doi: 10.1126/science.1189587. Epub 2010 Jul 5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, 07745 Jena, Germany. mmahecha@bgc-jena.mpg.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20603495" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Carbon/metabolism ; Carbon Dioxide/*metabolism ; Cell Respiration ; *Climate ; Ecological and Environmental Processes ; *Ecosystem ; Models, Biological ; Models, Statistical ; Photosynthesis ; Plants/*metabolism ; Soil/analysis ; Soil Microbiology ; *Temperature
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
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  • 17
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    Erosion of lizard diversity by climate change and altered thermal niches (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-05-15
    Description: It is predicted that climate change will cause species extinctions and distributional shifts in coming decades, but data to validate these predictions are relatively scarce. Here, we compare recent and historical surveys for 48 Mexican lizard species at 200 sites. Since 1975, 12% of local populations have gone extinct. We verified physiological models of extinction risk with observed local extinctions and extended projections worldwide. Since 1975, we estimate that 4% of local populations have gone extinct worldwide, but by 2080 local extinctions are projected to reach 39% worldwide, and species extinctions may reach 20%. Global extinction projections were validated with local extinctions observed from 1975 to 2009 for regional biotas on four other continents, suggesting that lizards have already crossed a threshold for extinctions caused by climate change.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sinervo, Barry -- Mendez-de-la-Cruz, Fausto -- Miles, Donald B -- Heulin, Benoit -- Bastiaans, Elizabeth -- Villagran-Santa Cruz, Maricela -- Lara-Resendiz, Rafael -- Martinez-Mendez, Norberto -- Calderon-Espinosa, Martha Lucia -- Meza-Lazaro, Rubi Nelsi -- Gadsden, Hector -- Avila, Luciano Javier -- Morando, Mariana -- De la Riva, Ignacio J -- Victoriano Sepulveda, Pedro -- Rocha, Carlos Frederico Duarte -- Ibarguengoytia, Nora -- Aguilar Puntriano, Cesar -- Massot, Manuel -- Lepetz, Virginie -- Oksanen, Tuula A -- Chapple, David G -- Bauer, Aaron M -- Branch, William R -- Clobert, Jean -- Sites, Jack W Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 May 14;328(5980):894-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1184695.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA. lizardrps@gmail.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20466932" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acclimatization ; Animals ; *Biodiversity ; Biological Evolution ; Body Temperature ; *Climate Change ; *Ecosystem ; *Extinction, Biological ; Female ; Forecasting ; Geography ; Global Warming ; *Lizards/genetics/physiology ; Male ; Mexico ; Models, Biological ; Phylogeny ; Population Dynamics ; Reproduction ; Seasons ; Selection, Genetic ; Temperature
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 18
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    Comment on the paleoenvironment of Ardipithecus ramidus (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-05-29
    Description: White and colleagues (Research Articles, 2 October 2009, pp. 65-67 and www.sciencemag.org/ardipithecus) characterized the paleoenvironment of Ardipithecus ramidus at Aramis, Ethiopia, which they described as containing habitats ranging from woodland to forest patches. In contrast, we find the environmental context of Ar. ramidus at Aramis to be represented by what is commonly referred to as tree- or bush-savanna, with 25% or less woody canopy cover.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cerling, Thure E -- Levin, Naomi E -- Quade, Jay -- Wynn, Jonathan G -- Fox, David L -- Kingston, John D -- Klein, Richard G -- Brown, Francis H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 May 28;328(5982):1105; author reply 1105. doi: 10.1126/science.1185274.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA. thure.cerling@utah.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20508112" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Africa ; Animals ; Biomass ; Carbon Isotopes ; Carbonates ; *Ecosystem ; *Environment ; Ethiopia ; Fossils ; Geography ; *Hominidae ; Mammals ; Oxygen Isotopes ; Plants ; Poaceae ; Temperature ; Trees
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 19
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    Zebrafish behavioral profiling links drugs to biological targets and rest/wake regulation (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-01-16
    Description: A major obstacle for the discovery of psychoactive drugs is the inability to predict how small molecules will alter complex behaviors. We report the development and application of a high-throughput, quantitative screen for drugs that alter the behavior of larval zebrafish. We found that the multidimensional nature of observed phenotypes enabled the hierarchical clustering of molecules according to shared behaviors. Behavioral profiling revealed conserved functions of psychotropic molecules and predicted the mechanisms of action of poorly characterized compounds. In addition, behavioral profiling implicated new factors such as ether-a-go-go-related gene (ERG) potassium channels and immunomodulators in the control of rest and locomotor activity. These results demonstrate the power of high-throughput behavioral profiling in zebrafish to discover and characterize psychotropic drugs and to dissect the pharmacology of complex behaviors.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2830481/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2830481/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rihel, Jason -- Prober, David A -- Arvanites, Anthony -- Lam, Kelvin -- Zimmerman, Steven -- Jang, Sumin -- Haggarty, Stephen J -- Kokel, David -- Rubin, Lee L -- Peterson, Randall T -- Schier, Alexander F -- K01 MH091449/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- K99 NS060996/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- MH085205/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH086867/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R00 NS060996/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM085357/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM085357-01A1/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM085357-02/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH086867/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jan 15;327(5963):348-51. doi: 10.1126/science.1183090.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. rihel@fas.harvard.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20075256" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Algorithms ; Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology ; Behavior, Animal/*drug effects ; Calcium Channel Blockers/pharmacology ; Calcium Channels, L-Type/metabolism ; Cluster Analysis ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Drug Discovery/*methods ; Ether-A-Go-Go Potassium Channels/antagonists & inhibitors/physiology ; *High-Throughput Screening Assays ; Larva/drug effects/physiology ; Motor Activity/*drug effects ; Potassium Channel Blockers/pharmacology ; Psychotropic Drugs/*pharmacology ; Rest ; Signal Transduction ; Sleep/drug effects ; Small Molecule Libraries ; Wakefulness/*drug effects ; Zebrafish/growth & development/*physiology ; Zebrafish Proteins/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 20
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    Contribution of semi-arid forests to the climate system (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-01-23
    Description: Forests both take up CO2 and enhance absorption of solar radiation, with contrasting effects on global temperature. Based on a 9-year study in the forests' dry timberline, we show that substantial carbon sequestration (cooling effect) is maintained in the large dry transition zone (precipitation from 200 to 600 millimeters) by shifts in peak photosynthetic activities from summer to early spring, and this is counteracted by longwave radiation (L) suppression (warming effect), doubling the forestation shortwave (S) albedo effect. Several decades of carbon accumulation are required to balance the twofold S + L effect. Desertification over the past several decades, however, contributed negative forcing at Earth's surface equivalent to approximately 20% of the global anthropogenic CO2 effect over the same period, moderating warming trends.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rotenberg, Eyal -- Yakir, Dan -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jan 22;327(5964):451-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1179998.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Environmental Sciences and Energy Research, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20093470" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Carbon/*metabolism ; Carbon Dioxide/metabolism ; *Climatic Processes ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; Geography ; Israel ; Photosynthesis ; Seasons ; Temperature ; *Trees/growth & development/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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