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  • Male  (43)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (43)
  • 2010-2014  (43)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1940-1944
  • 2010  (43)
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  • 2010-2014  (43)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1940-1944
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2010-01-16
    Description: We report here genome sequences and comparative analyses of three closely related parasitoid wasps: Nasonia vitripennis, N. giraulti, and N. longicornis. Parasitoids are important regulators of arthropod populations, including major agricultural pests and disease vectors, and Nasonia is an emerging genetic model, particularly for evolutionary and developmental genetics. Key findings include the identification of a functional DNA methylation tool kit; hymenopteran-specific genes including diverse venoms; lateral gene transfers among Pox viruses, Wolbachia, and Nasonia; and the rapid evolution of genes involved in nuclear-mitochondrial interactions that are implicated in speciation. Newly developed genome resources advance Nasonia for genetic research, accelerate mapping and cloning of quantitative trait loci, and will ultimately provide tools and knowledge for further increasing the utility of parasitoids as pest insect-control agents.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2849982/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2849982/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Werren, John H -- Richards, Stephen -- Desjardins, Christopher A -- Niehuis, Oliver -- Gadau, Jurgen -- Colbourne, John K -- Nasonia Genome Working Group -- Beukeboom, Leo W -- Desplan, Claude -- Elsik, Christine G -- Grimmelikhuijzen, Cornelis J P -- Kitts, Paul -- Lynch, Jeremy A -- Murphy, Terence -- Oliveira, Deodoro C S G -- Smith, Christopher D -- van de Zande, Louis -- Worley, Kim C -- Zdobnov, Evgeny M -- Aerts, Maarten -- Albert, Stefan -- Anaya, Victor H -- Anzola, Juan M -- Barchuk, Angel R -- Behura, Susanta K -- Bera, Agata N -- Berenbaum, May R -- Bertossa, Rinaldo C -- Bitondi, Marcia M G -- Bordenstein, Seth R -- Bork, Peer -- Bornberg-Bauer, Erich -- Brunain, Marleen -- Cazzamali, Giuseppe -- Chaboub, Lesley -- Chacko, Joseph -- Chavez, Dean -- Childers, Christopher P -- Choi, Jeong-Hyeon -- Clark, Michael E -- Claudianos, Charles -- Clinton, Rochelle A -- Cree, Andrew G -- Cristino, Alexandre S -- Dang, Phat M -- Darby, Alistair C -- de Graaf, Dirk C -- Devreese, Bart -- Dinh, Huyen H -- Edwards, Rachel -- Elango, Navin -- Elhaik, Eran -- Ermolaeva, Olga -- Evans, Jay D -- Foret, Sylvain -- Fowler, Gerald R -- Gerlach, Daniel -- Gibson, Joshua D -- Gilbert, Donald G -- Graur, Dan -- Grunder, Stefan -- Hagen, Darren E -- Han, Yi -- Hauser, Frank -- Hultmark, Da -- Hunter, Henry C 4th -- Hurst, Gregory D D -- Jhangian, Shalini N -- Jiang, Huaiyang -- Johnson, Reed M -- Jones, Andrew K -- Junier, Thomas -- Kadowaki, Tatsuhiko -- Kamping, Albert -- Kapustin, Yuri -- Kechavarzi, Bobak -- Kim, Jaebum -- Kim, Jay -- Kiryutin, Boris -- Koevoets, Tosca -- Kovar, Christie L -- Kriventseva, Evgenia V -- Kucharski, Robert -- Lee, Heewook -- Lee, Sandra L -- Lees, Kristin -- Lewis, Lora R -- Loehlin, David W -- Logsdon, John M Jr -- Lopez, Jacqueline A -- Lozado, Ryan J -- Maglott, Donna -- Maleszka, Ryszard -- Mayampurath, Anoop -- Mazur, Danielle J -- McClure, Marcella A -- Moore, Andrew D -- Morgan, Margaret B -- Muller, Jean -- Munoz-Torres, Monica C -- Muzny, Donna M -- Nazareth, Lynne V -- Neupert, Susanne -- Nguyen, Ngoc B -- Nunes, Francis M F -- Oakeshott, John G -- Okwuonu, Geoffrey O -- Pannebakker, Bart A -- Pejaver, Vikas R -- Peng, Zuogang -- Pratt, Stephen C -- Predel, Reinhard -- Pu, Ling-Ling -- Ranson, Hilary -- Raychoudhury, Rhitoban -- Rechtsteiner, Andreas -- Reese, Justin T -- Reid, Jeffrey G -- Riddle, Megan -- Robertson, Hugh M -- Romero-Severson, Jeanne -- Rosenberg, Miriam -- Sackton, Timothy B -- Sattelle, David B -- Schluns, Helge -- Schmitt, Thomas -- Schneider, Martina -- Schuler, Andreas -- Schurko, Andrew M -- Shuker, David M -- Simoes, Zila L P -- Sinha, Saurabh -- Smith, Zachary -- Solovyev, Victor -- Souvorov, Alexandre -- Springauf, Andreas -- Stafflinger, Elisabeth -- Stage, Deborah E -- Stanke, Mario -- Tanaka, Yoshiaki -- Telschow, Arndt -- Trent, Carol -- Vattathil, Selina -- Verhulst, Eveline C -- Viljakainen, Lumi -- Wanner, Kevin W -- Waterhouse, Robert M -- Whitfield, James B -- Wilkes, Timothy E -- Williamson, Michael -- Willis, Judith H -- Wolschin, Florian -- Wyder, Stefan -- Yamada, Takuji -- Yi, Soojin V -- Zecher, Courtney N -- Zhang, Lan -- Gibbs, Richard A -- 5R01GM070026-04/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- 5R01HG000747-14/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- 5R24GM084917-02/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- AI028309-13A2/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI055624/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM064864/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM064864-04/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM064864-05A2/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM070026/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM070026-04S1/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM079484/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM085163/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM085163-01/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM085233/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG000747/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG000747-14/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01GM064864/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R24 GM084917/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R24 GM084917-01/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R24 GM084917-02/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003273/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003273-03/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jan 15;327(5963):343-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1178028.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20075255" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arthropods/parasitology ; *Biological Evolution ; DNA Methylation ; DNA Transposable Elements ; Female ; Gene Transfer, Horizontal ; Genes, Insect ; Genetic Speciation ; Genetic Variation ; *Genome, Insect ; Host-Parasite Interactions ; Insect Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Insect Viruses/genetics ; Insects/genetics ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Quantitative Trait Loci ; Recombination, Genetic ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Wasp Venoms/chemistry/toxicity ; Wasps/*genetics/physiology ; Wolbachia/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2010-10-12
    Description: The rediscovery of remnant Florida panthers (Puma concolor coryi) in southern Florida swamplands prompted a program to protect and stabilize the population. In 1995, conservation managers translocated eight female pumas (P. c. stanleyana) from Texas to increase depleted genetic diversity, improve population numbers, and reverse indications of inbreeding depression. We have assessed the demographic, population-genetic, and biomedical consequences of this restoration experiment and show that panther numbers increased threefold, genetic heterozygosity doubled, survival and fitness measures improved, and inbreeding correlates declined significantly. Although these results are encouraging, continued habitat loss, persistent inbreeding, infectious agents, and possible habitat saturation pose new dilemmas. This intensive management program illustrates the challenges of maintaining populations of large predators worldwide.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Johnson, Warren E -- Onorato, David P -- Roelke, Melody E -- Land, E Darrell -- Cunningham, Mark -- Belden, Robert C -- McBride, Roy -- Jansen, Deborah -- Lotz, Mark -- Shindle, David -- Howard, JoGayle -- Wildt, David E -- Penfold, Linda M -- Hostetler, Jeffrey A -- Oli, Madan K -- O'Brien, Stephen J -- N01-CO-12400/CO/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Sep 24;329(5999):1641-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1192891.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Genomic Diversity, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA. warjohns@mail.nih.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20929847" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Wild/classification/genetics/physiology ; Ecosystem ; *Endangered Species ; Female ; Florida ; Genetic Fitness ; *Genetic Variation ; Heterozygote ; Hybrid Vigor ; *Hybridization, Genetic ; Inbreeding ; Male ; Phylogeny ; Population Density ; Puma/classification/*genetics/physiology ; Reproduction ; Survival ; Texas
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2010-09-18
    Description: Proliferating cells, including cancer cells, require altered metabolism to efficiently incorporate nutrients such as glucose into biomass. The M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase (PKM2) promotes the metabolism of glucose by aerobic glycolysis and contributes to anabolic metabolism. Paradoxically, decreased pyruvate kinase enzyme activity accompanies the expression of PKM2 in rapidly dividing cancer cells and tissues. We demonstrate that phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), the substrate for pyruvate kinase in cells, can act as a phosphate donor in mammalian cells because PEP participates in the phosphorylation of the glycolytic enzyme phosphoglycerate mutase (PGAM1) in PKM2-expressing cells. We used mass spectrometry to show that the phosphate from PEP is transferred to the catalytic histidine (His11) on human PGAM1. This reaction occurred at physiological concentrations of PEP and produced pyruvate in the absence of PKM2 activity. The presence of histidine-phosphorylated PGAM1 correlated with the expression of PKM2 in cancer cell lines and tumor tissues. Thus, decreased pyruvate kinase activity in PKM2-expressing cells allows PEP-dependent histidine phosphorylation of PGAM1 and may provide an alternate glycolytic pathway that decouples adenosine triphosphate production from PEP-mediated phosphotransfer, allowing for the high rate of glycolysis to support the anabolic metabolism observed in many proliferating cells.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3030121/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3030121/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vander Heiden, Matthew G -- Locasale, Jason W -- Swanson, Kenneth D -- Sharfi, Hadar -- Heffron, Greg J -- Amador-Noguez, Daniel -- Christofk, Heather R -- Wagner, Gerhard -- Rabinowitz, Joshua D -- Asara, John M -- Cantley, Lewis C -- 1K08CA136983/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- 1P01CA120964-01A/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- 5 T32 CA009361-28/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- 5P30CA006516-43/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- K08 CA136983/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- K08 CA136983-02/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA089021/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA089021-10/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA120964/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA120964-01A1/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01 GM047467/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P01 GM047467-20/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P01CA089021/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01GM047467/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P30 CA006516/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P30 CA006516-43S1/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI078063/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM056203/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01-GM56302/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R21 CA128620/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R21/R33 DK070299/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R33 DK070299/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R33 DK070299-03/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- T32 CA009172/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- T32 CA009361/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- T32 CA009361-28/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Sep 17;329(5998):1492-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1188015.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20847263" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Cell Line, Tumor ; *Cell Proliferation ; Female ; Glucose/*metabolism ; Glyceric Acids/metabolism ; *Glycolysis ; Histidine/metabolism ; Humans ; Isoenzymes/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Male ; Mammary Neoplasms, Animal/metabolism ; Mice ; Neoplasms/*metabolism/pathology ; Phosphoenolpyruvate/metabolism ; Phosphoglycerate Mutase/*metabolism ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Prostatic Neoplasms/metabolism ; Pyruvate Kinase/*metabolism ; Pyruvic Acid/metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2010-09-11
    Description: Group functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging (fcMRI) studies have documented reliable changes in human functional brain maturity over development. Here we show that support vector machine-based multivariate pattern analysis extracts sufficient information from fcMRI data to make accurate predictions about individuals' brain maturity across development. The use of only 5 minutes of resting-state fcMRI data from 238 scans of typically developing volunteers (ages 7 to 30 years) allowed prediction of individual brain maturity as a functional connectivity maturation index. The resultant functional maturation curve accounted for 55% of the sample variance and followed a nonlinear asymptotic growth curve shape. The greatest relative contribution to predicting individual brain maturity was made by the weakening of short-range functional connections between the adult brain's major functional networks.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3135376/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3135376/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dosenbach, Nico U F -- Nardos, Binyam -- Cohen, Alexander L -- Fair, Damien A -- Power, Jonathan D -- Church, Jessica A -- Nelson, Steven M -- Wig, Gagan S -- Vogel, Alecia C -- Lessov-Schlaggar, Christina N -- Barnes, Kelly Anne -- Dubis, Joseph W -- Feczko, Eric -- Coalson, Rebecca S -- Pruett, John R Jr -- Barch, Deanna M -- Petersen, Steven E -- Schlaggar, Bradley L -- DA027046/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- EY16336/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- HD057076/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- MH62130/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS00169011/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS053425/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS32979/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS41255/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS46424/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS51281/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS55582/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 HD057076/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R01 HD057076-04/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Sep 10;329(5997):1358-61. doi: 10.1126/science.1194144.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. ndosenbach@wustl.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20829489" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Aging ; Algorithms ; Artificial Intelligence ; Brain/*growth & development/*physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Cerebellum/growth & development/physiology ; Child ; Female ; Frontal Lobe/growth & development/physiology ; Humans ; *Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neural Pathways ; Occipital Lobe/growth & development/physiology ; Young Adult
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2010-01-16
    Description: Mouse models are useful for studying genes involved in behavior, but whether they are relevant to human behavior is unclear. Here, we identified parallel phenotypes in mice and humans resulting from a common single-nucleotide polymorphism in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene, which is involved in anxiety-related behavior. An inbred genetic knock-in mouse strain expressing the variant BDNF recapitulated the phenotypic effects of the human polymorphism. Both were impaired in extinguishing a conditioned fear response, which was paralleled by atypical frontoamygdala activity in humans. Thus, this variant BDNF allele may play a role in anxiety disorders showing impaired learning of cues that signal safety versus threat and in the efficacy of treatments that rely on extinction mechanisms, such as exposure therapy.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2829261/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2829261/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Soliman, Fatima -- Glatt, Charles E -- Bath, Kevin G -- Levita, Liat -- Jones, Rebecca M -- Pattwell, Siobhan S -- Jing, Deqiang -- Tottenham, Nim -- Amso, Dima -- Somerville, Leah H -- Voss, Henning U -- Glover, Gary -- Ballon, Douglas J -- Liston, Conor -- Teslovich, Theresa -- Van Kempen, Tracey -- Lee, Francis S -- Casey, B J -- GM07739/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HD055177/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- MH060478/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH079513/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS052819/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- P50 MH079513/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- P50 MH079513-01A1/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- P50 MH079513-01A10001/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- P50 MH079513-02/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- P50 MH079513-020001/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH091864/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS052819/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS052819-05/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R25 MH060478/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R25 MH060478-10/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007739/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007739-30/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32 HD055177/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- T32 HD055177-01A2/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Feb 12;327(5967):863-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1181886. Epub 2010 Jan 14.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The Sackler Institute for Developmental Psychobiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA. fas2002@med.cornell.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20075215" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Alleles ; Amygdala/physiology ; Animals ; Brain Mapping ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/*genetics/*physiology ; *Conditioning, Classical ; Cues ; Ethnic Groups/genetics ; *Extinction, Psychological ; *Fear ; Female ; Gene Knock-In Techniques ; Genotype ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Mice ; *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Prefrontal Cortex/physiology ; Young Adult
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2010-11-26
    Description: Ghrelin is a gastric peptide hormone that stimulates weight gain in vertebrates. The biological activities of ghrelin require octanoylation of the peptide on Ser(3), an unusual posttranslational modification that is catalyzed by the enzyme ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT). Here, we describe the design, synthesis, and characterization of GO-CoA-Tat, a peptide-based bisubstrate analog that antagonizes GOAT. GO-CoA-Tat potently inhibits GOAT in vitro, in cultured cells, and in mice. Intraperitoneal administration of GO-CoA-Tat improves glucose tolerance and reduces weight gain in wild-type mice but not in ghrelin-deficient mice, supporting the concept that its beneficial metabolic effects are due specifically to GOAT inhibition. In addition to serving as a research tool for mapping ghrelin actions, GO-CoA-Tat may help pave the way for clinical targeting of GOAT in metabolic diseases.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3068526/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3068526/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barnett, Brad P -- Hwang, Yousang -- Taylor, Martin S -- Kirchner, Henriette -- Pfluger, Paul T -- Bernard, Vincent -- Lin, Yu-yi -- Bowers, Erin M -- Mukherjee, Chandrani -- Song, Woo-Jin -- Longo, Patti A -- Leahy, Daniel J -- Hussain, Mehboob A -- Tschop, Matthias H -- Boeke, Jef D -- Cole, Philip A -- P01 CA016519/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA016519-35/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK079637/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P60 DK079637/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P60 DK079637-05/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK081472/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK081472-01A1/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK081472-02/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK081472-03/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM062437/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM062437-04/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM062437-11/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Dec 17;330(6011):1689-92. doi: 10.1126/science.1196154. Epub 2010 Nov 18.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21097901" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acylation ; Acyltransferases/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Animals ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Drug Design ; Enzyme Inhibitors/chemical synthesis/*pharmacology/toxicity ; Ghrelin/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Glucose/*metabolism ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; HeLa Cells ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Insulin/metabolism ; Ion Channels/metabolism ; Islets of Langerhans/drug effects/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Mitochondrial Proteins/metabolism ; Peptides/chemical synthesis/*pharmacology/toxicity ; Weight Gain/*drug effects
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2010-09-18
    Description: Hybrids between species are often sterile or inviable because the long-diverged genomes of their parents cause developmental problems when they come together in a single individual. According to the Dobzhansky-Muller (DM) model, the number of genes involved in these "intrinsic postzygotic incompatibilities" should increase faster than linearly with the divergence time between species. This straightforward prediction of the DM model has remained contentious owing to a lack of explicit tests. Examining two pairs of Drosophila species, we show that the number of genes involved in postzygotic isolation increases at least as fast as the square of the number of substitutions (an index of divergence time) between species. This observation verifies a key prediction of the DM model.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Matute, Daniel R -- Butler, Ian A -- Turissini, David A -- Coyne, Jerry A -- R01GM058260/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Sep 17;329(5998):1518-21. doi: 10.1126/science.1193440.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ecology and Evolution, The University of Chicago, 1101 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. dmatute@uchicago.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20847270" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Crosses, Genetic ; Drosophila/*genetics/physiology ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics/physiology ; Epistasis, Genetic ; Female ; *Genes, Insect ; *Genetic Speciation ; *Hybridization, Genetic ; Infertility ; Male ; Models, Genetic ; Reproduction ; Species Specificity
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2010-07-31
    Description: Dopamine (DA) has long been implicated in impulsivity, but the precise mechanisms linking human variability in DA signaling to differences in impulsive traits remain largely unknown. By using a dual-scan positron emission tomography approach in healthy human volunteers with amphetamine and the D2/D3 ligand [18F]fallypride, we found that higher levels of trait impulsivity were predicted by diminished midbrain D2/D3 autoreceptor binding and greater amphetamine-induced DA release in the striatum, which was in turn associated with stimulant craving. Path analysis confirmed that the impact of decreased midbrain D2/D3 autoreceptor availability on trait impulsivity is mediated in part through its effect on stimulated striatal DA release.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3161413/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3161413/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Buckholtz, Joshua W -- Treadway, Michael T -- Cowan, Ronald L -- Woodward, Neil D -- Li, Rui -- Ansari, M Sib -- Baldwin, Ronald M -- Schwartzman, Ashley N -- Shelby, Evan S -- Smith, Clarence E -- Kessler, Robert M -- Zald, David H -- R01 DA019670/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- R01 DA019670-04/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- R01DA019670-04/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- T32 MH018921/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- T32 MH018921-22/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jul 30;329(5991):532. doi: 10.1126/science.1185778.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240, USA. joshua.buckholtz@vanderbilt.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20671181" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Amphetamine-Related Disorders/etiology/metabolism ; Autoreceptors/metabolism ; Benzamides/metabolism ; Corpus Striatum/*metabolism ; Dextroamphetamine/*administration & dosage ; Dopamine/*metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Impulsive Behavior/*metabolism ; Ligands ; Male ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Pyrrolidines/metabolism ; Receptors, Dopamine D2/metabolism ; Receptors, Dopamine D3/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Substantia Nigra/metabolism ; Tegmentum Mesencephali/*metabolism ; Ventral Tegmental Area/metabolism ; Young Adult
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2010-05-15
    Description: Tibetans have lived at very high altitudes for thousands of years, and they have a distinctive suite of physiological traits that enable them to tolerate environmental hypoxia. These phenotypes are clearly the result of adaptation to this environment, but their genetic basis remains unknown. We report genome-wide scans that reveal positive selection in several regions that contain genes whose products are likely involved in high-altitude adaptation. Positively selected haplotypes of EGLN1 and PPARA were significantly associated with the decreased hemoglobin phenotype that is unique to this highland population. Identification of these genes provides support for previously hypothesized mechanisms of high-altitude adaptation and illuminates the complexity of hypoxia-response pathways in humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Simonson, Tatum S -- Yang, Yingzhong -- Huff, Chad D -- Yun, Haixia -- Qin, Ga -- Witherspoon, David J -- Bai, Zhenzhong -- Lorenzo, Felipe R -- Xing, Jinchuan -- Jorde, Lynn B -- Prchal, Josef T -- Ge, RiLi -- 1P01CA108671-01A2/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- DK069513/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- GM059290/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HL50077/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R00 HG005846/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jul 2;329(5987):72-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1189406. Epub 2010 May 13.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20466884" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Acclimatization ; *Altitude ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group/genetics ; Ethnic Groups/genetics ; Female ; Genetic Association Studies ; Genetic Variation ; Genome, Human ; Haplotypes ; Hemoglobins/*analysis ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1/metabolism ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-Proline Dioxygenases ; Linear Models ; Male ; *Oxygen ; PPAR alpha/*genetics ; Phenotype ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Procollagen-Proline Dioxygenase/*genetics ; *Selection, Genetic ; Signal Transduction ; Tibet
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2010-09-04
    Description: Recent reports of increased tolerance to artemisinin derivatives--the most recently adopted class of antimalarials--have prompted a need for new treatments. The spirotetrahydro-beta-carbolines, or spiroindolones, are potent drugs that kill the blood stages of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax clinical isolates at low nanomolar concentration. Spiroindolones rapidly inhibit protein synthesis in P. falciparum, an effect that is ablated in parasites bearing nonsynonymous mutations in the gene encoding the P-type cation-transporter ATPase4 (PfATP4). The optimized spiroindolone NITD609 shows pharmacokinetic properties compatible with once-daily oral dosing and has single-dose efficacy in a rodent malaria model.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3050001/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3050001/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rottmann, Matthias -- McNamara, Case -- Yeung, Bryan K S -- Lee, Marcus C S -- Zou, Bin -- Russell, Bruce -- Seitz, Patrick -- Plouffe, David M -- Dharia, Neekesh V -- Tan, Jocelyn -- Cohen, Steven B -- Spencer, Kathryn R -- Gonzalez-Paez, Gonzalo E -- Lakshminarayana, Suresh B -- Goh, Anne -- Suwanarusk, Rossarin -- Jegla, Timothy -- Schmitt, Esther K -- Beck, Hans-Peter -- Brun, Reto -- Nosten, Francois -- Renia, Laurent -- Dartois, Veronique -- Keller, Thomas H -- Fidock, David A -- Winzeler, Elizabeth A -- Diagana, Thierry T -- R01 AI059472/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI059472-04/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI059472-05/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01AI059472/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- WT078285/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Sep 3;329(5996):1175-80. doi: 10.1126/science.1193225.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Parasite Chemotherapy, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20813948" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphatases/antagonists & inhibitors/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Animals ; Antimalarials/administration & dosage/chemistry/pharmacokinetics/*pharmacology ; Cell Line ; Drug Discovery ; Drug Resistance ; Erythrocytes/parasitology ; Female ; Genes, Protozoan ; Humans ; Indoles/administration & dosage/chemistry/pharmacokinetics/*pharmacology ; Malaria/*drug therapy/parasitology ; Male ; Mice ; Models, Molecular ; Mutant Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors/chemistry/metabolism ; Mutation ; Parasitic Sensitivity Tests ; Plasmodium berghei/*drug effects ; Plasmodium falciparum/*drug effects/genetics/growth & development ; Plasmodium vivax/*drug effects/growth & development ; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors/administration & ; dosage/chemistry/pharmacokinetics/pharmacology ; Protozoan Proteins/biosynthesis/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Spiro Compounds/administration & dosage/chemistry/pharmacokinetics/*pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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