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  • *Ecosystem  (27)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (27)
  • 2005-2009  (27)
  • 2000-2004
  • 2007  (27)
Collection
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (27)
Years
  • 2005-2009  (27)
  • 2000-2004
Year
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2007-05-19
    Description: Episodic eddy-driven upwelling may supply a significant fraction of the nutrients required to sustain primary productivity of the subtropical ocean. New observations in the northwest Atlantic reveal that, although plankton blooms occur in both cyclones and mode-water eddies, the biological responses differ. Mode-water eddies can generate extraordinary diatom biomass and primary production at depth, relative to the time series near Bermuda. These blooms are sustained by eddy/wind interactions, which amplify the eddy-induced upwelling. In contrast, eddy/wind interactions dampen eddy-induced upwelling in cyclones. Carbon export inferred from oxygen anomalies in eddy cores is one to three times as much as annual new production for the region.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McGillicuddy, Dennis J Jr -- Anderson, Laurence A -- Bates, Nicholas R -- Bibby, Thomas -- Buesseler, Ken O -- Carlson, Craig A -- Davis, Cabell S -- Ewart, Courtney -- Falkowski, Paul G -- Goldthwait, Sarah A -- Hansell, Dennis A -- Jenkins, William J -- Johnson, Rodney -- Kosnyrev, Valery K -- Ledwell, James R -- Li, Qian P -- Siegel, David A -- Steinberg, Deborah K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 May 18;316(5827):1021-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543-1541, USA. dmcgillicuddy@whoi.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17510363" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Atlantic Ocean ; Biomass ; Carbon/analysis ; Chlorophyll/analysis ; Cyanobacteria/growth & development/physiology ; Diatoms/growth & development ; *Ecosystem ; Geologic Sediments ; Oxygen/analysis ; Photosynthesis ; Phytoplankton/growth & development/physiology ; Plankton/*growth & development/physiology ; Seasons ; *Seawater/chemistry ; *Water Movements ; *Wind ; Zooplankton/growth & development/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2007-04-28
    Description: The oceanic biological pump drives sequestration of carbon dioxide in the deep sea via sinking particles. Rapid biological consumption and remineralization of carbon in the "twilight zone" (depths between the euphotic zone and 1000 meters) reduce the efficiency of sequestration. By using neutrally buoyant sediment traps to sample this chronically understudied realm, we measured a transfer efficiency of sinking particulate organic carbon between 150 and 500 meters of 20 and 50% at two contrasting sites. This large variability in transfer efficiency is poorly represented in biogeochemical models. If applied globally, this is equivalent to a difference in carbon sequestration of more than 3 petagrams of carbon per year.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Buesseler, Ken O -- Lamborg, Carl H -- Boyd, Philip W -- Lam, Phoebe J -- Trull, Thomas W -- Bidigare, Robert R -- Bishop, James K B -- Casciotti, Karen L -- Dehairs, Frank -- Elskens, Marc -- Honda, Makio -- Karl, David M -- Siegel, David A -- Silver, Mary W -- Steinberg, Deborah K -- Valdes, Jim -- Van Mooy, Benjamin -- Wilson, Stephanie -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Apr 27;316(5824):567-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA. kbuesseler@whoi.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17463282" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Carbon/metabolism ; Carbon Dioxide ; Copepoda/physiology ; *Ecosystem ; Food Chain ; Geologic Sediments/chemistry ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Pacific Ocean ; Phytoplankton/physiology ; *Seawater/chemistry ; Zooplankton/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2007-03-24
    Description: Hurricanes Katrina and Rita showed the vulnerability of coastal communities and how human activities that caused deterioration of the Mississippi Deltaic Plain (MDP) exacerbated this vulnerability. The MDP formed by dynamic interactions between river and coast at various temporal and spatial scales, and human activity has reduced these interactions at all scales. Restoration efforts aim to re-establish this dynamic interaction, with emphasis on reconnecting the river to the deltaic plain. Science must guide MDP restoration, which will provide insights into delta restoration elsewhere and generally into coasts facing climate change in times of resource scarcity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Day, John W Jr -- Boesch, Donald F -- Clairain, Ellis J -- Kemp, G Paul -- Laska, Shirley B -- Mitsch, William J -- Orth, Kenneth -- Mashriqui, Hassan -- Reed, Denise J -- Shabman, Leonard -- Simenstad, Charles A -- Streever, Bill J -- Twilley, Robert R -- Watson, Chester C -- Wells, John T -- Whigham, Dennis F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Mar 23;315(5819):1679-84.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA. johnday@lsu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17379799" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Disasters ; *Ecosystem ; *Engineering ; *Environment ; Geography ; Geologic Sediments ; Humans ; Louisiana ; Mississippi ; *Rivers ; Soil ; *Wetlands
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2007-10-06
    Description: The analytical power of environmental DNA sequences for modeling microbial ecosystems depends on accurate assessments of population structure, including diversity (richness) and relative abundance (evenness). We investigated both aspects of population structure for microbial communities at two neighboring hydrothermal vents by examining the sequences of more than 900,000 microbial small-subunit ribosomal RNA amplicons. The two vent communities have different population structures that reflect local geochemical regimes. Descriptions of archaeal diversity were nearly exhaustive, but despite collecting an unparalleled number of sequences, statistical analyses indicated additional bacterial diversity at every taxonomic level. We predict that hundreds of thousands of sequences will be necessary to capture the vast diversity of microbial communities, and that different patterns of evenness for both high- and low-abundance taxa may be important in defining microbial ecosystem dynamics.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Huber, Julie A -- Mark Welch, David B -- Morrison, Hilary G -- Huse, Susan M -- Neal, Phillip R -- Butterfield, David A -- Sogin, Mitchell L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Oct 5;318(5847):97-100.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Josephine Bay Paul Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, 7 MBL Street, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA. jhuber@mbl.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17916733" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Archaea/classification/genetics ; *Bacteria/classification/genetics ; *Biodiversity ; DNA, Archaeal/analysis ; DNA, Bacterial/analysis ; DNA, Ribosomal/analysis ; *Ecosystem ; Epsilonproteobacteria/classification/genetics ; Geologic Sediments/microbiology ; Pacific Ocean ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA, Ribosomal ; Seawater/*microbiology ; Sequence Analysis, DNA
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2007-11-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jorgensen, Christian -- Enberg, Katja -- Dunlop, Erin S -- Arlinghaus, Robert -- Boukal, David S -- Brander, Keith -- Ernande, Bruno -- Gardmark, Anna -- Johnston, Fiona -- Matsumura, Shuichi -- Pardoe, Heidi -- Raab, Kristina -- Silva, Alexandra -- Vainikka, Anssi -- Dieckmann, Ulf -- Heino, Mikko -- Rijnsdorp, Adriaan D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Nov 23;318(5854):1247-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen. christian.jorgensen@bio.uib.no〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18033868" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; *Ecosystem ; *Fisheries/methods ; *Fishes/physiology ; Population Dynamics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2007-01-06
    Description: The late Paleozoic deglaciation is the vegetated Earth's only recorded icehouse-to-greenhouse transition, yet the climate dynamics remain enigmatic. By using the stable isotopic compositions of soil-formed minerals, fossil-plant matter, and shallow-water brachiopods, we estimated atmospheric partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) and tropical marine surface temperatures during this climate transition. Comparison to southern Gondwanan glacial records documents covariance between inferred shifts in pCO2, temperature, and ice volume consistent with greenhouse gas forcing of climate. Major restructuring of paleotropical flora in western Euramerica occurred in step with climate and pCO2 shifts, illustrating the biotic impact associated with past CO2-forced turnover to a permanent ice-free world.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Montanez, Isabel P -- Tabor, Neil J -- Niemeier, Deb -- Dimichele, William A -- Frank, Tracy D -- Fielding, Christopher R -- Isbell, John L -- Birgenheier, Lauren P -- Rygel, Michael C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jan 5;315(5808):87-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Geology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA. montanez@geology.ucdavis.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17204648" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Atmosphere ; Biodiversity ; Calcium Carbonate/analysis ; *Carbon Dioxide ; Carbon Isotopes ; *Climate ; *Ecosystem ; Fossils ; Greenhouse Effect ; Ice Cover ; Invertebrates/chemistry ; *Plants ; Seasons ; Soil/analysis ; Temperature ; Time
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2007-05-19
    Description: Mesoscale eddies may play a critical role in ocean biogeochemistry by increasing nutrient supply, primary production, and efficiency of the biological pump, that is, the ratio of carbon export to primary production in otherwise nutrient-deficient waters. We examined a diatom bloom within a cold-core cyclonic eddy off Hawaii. Eddy primary production, community biomass, and size composition were markedly enhanced but had little effect on the carbon export ratio. Instead, the system functioned as a selective silica pump. Strong trophic coupling and inefficient organic export may be general characteristics of community perturbation responses in the warm waters of the Pacific Ocean.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Benitez-Nelson, Claudia R -- Bidigare, Robert R -- Dickey, Tommy D -- Landry, Michael R -- Leonard, Carrie L -- Brown, Susan L -- Nencioli, Francesco -- Rii, Yoshimi M -- Maiti, Kanchan -- Becker, Jamie W -- Bibby, Thomas S -- Black, Wil -- Cai, Wei-Jun -- Carlson, Craig A -- Chen, Feizhou -- Kuwahara, Victor S -- Mahaffey, Claire -- McAndrew, Patricia M -- Quay, Paul D -- Rappe, Michael S -- Selph, Karen E -- Simmons, Melinda P -- Yang, Eun Jin -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 May 18;316(5827):1017-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Geological Sciences and Marine Science Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA. cbnelson@geol.sc.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17510362" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bacteria/growth & development ; Biomass ; Carbon/analysis ; Chlorophyll/analysis ; Diatoms/*growth & development/physiology ; *Ecosystem ; Hawaii ; Nitrates ; Nitrites/analysis ; Pacific Ocean ; Photosynthesis ; Phytoplankton/growth & development/physiology ; *Seawater/chemistry ; Silicic Acid/analysis ; Silicon Dioxide/*analysis ; Temperature ; *Water Movements ; Zooplankton/growth & development/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2007-10-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Myers, M D -- Ayers, M A -- Baron, J S -- Beauchemin, P R -- Gallagher, K T -- Goldhaber, M B -- Hutchinson, D R -- Labaugh, J W -- Sayre, R G -- Schwarzbach, S E -- Schweig, E S -- Thormodsgard, J -- van Riper, C 3rd -- Wilde, W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Oct 12;318(5848):200-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉U.S. Geological Survey, USGS National Center, Reston, VA, 20192, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17932272" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Wild ; Climate ; *Conservation of Natural Resources/trends ; Disasters ; *Ecosystem ; Energy-Generating Resources ; *Environment ; Forecasting ; Geological Phenomena ; Geology ; *Health ; Humans ; Interdisciplinary Communication ; Public Policy ; United States ; *United States Government Agencies ; Water
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2007-01-16
    Description: The bacterial endosymbiont of the deep-sea tube worm Riftia pachyptila has never been successfully cultivated outside its host. In the absence of cultivation data, we have taken a proteomic approach based on the metagenome sequence to study the metabolism of this peculiar microorganism in detail. As one result, we found that three major sulfide oxidation proteins constitute approximately 12% of the total cytosolic proteome, which highlights the essential role of these enzymes for the symbiont's energy metabolism. Unexpectedly, the symbiont uses the reductive tricarboxylic acid cycle in addition to the previously identified Calvin cycle for CO2 fixation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Markert, Stephanie -- Arndt, Cordelia -- Felbeck, Horst -- Becher, Dorte -- Sievert, Stefan M -- Hugler, Michael -- Albrecht, Dirk -- Robidart, Julie -- Bench, Shellie -- Feldman, Robert A -- Hecker, Michael -- Schweder, Thomas -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jan 12;315(5809):247-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Walther-Rathenau-Strasse 49, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17218528" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bacterial Proteins/analysis/*metabolism ; Carbon/metabolism ; Carbon Dioxide/metabolism ; Chemoautotrophic Growth ; Citric Acid Cycle ; Cytosol/metabolism ; *Ecosystem ; Energy Metabolism ; Gammaproteobacteria/enzymology/genetics/*metabolism ; Genome, Bacterial ; Hydrogen Sulfide/metabolism ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Pacific Ocean ; Polychaeta/*microbiology ; Proteome ; *Proteomics ; Sulfur/metabolism ; *Symbiosis ; Temperature
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2007-03-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, Bruce D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Mar 30;315(5820):1797-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Archaeobiology Program, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560, USA. smithb@si.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17395815" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Agriculture ; *Animal Husbandry ; Animals ; Animals, Domestic ; *Behavior ; Biological Evolution ; *Ecosystem ; *Environment ; Humans
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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