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  • Cells, Cultured  (31)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (31)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science
  • Oxford University Press
  • Springer Nature
  • 2000-2004  (31)
  • 1995-1999
  • 1980-1984
  • 1940-1944
  • 2002  (15)
  • 2000  (16)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (31)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science
  • Oxford University Press
  • Springer Nature
Years
  • 2000-2004  (31)
  • 1995-1999
  • 1980-1984
  • 1940-1944
Year
  • 1
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    A natural product that lowers cholesterol as an antagonist ligand for FXR (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-05-04
    Description: Extracts of the resin of the guggul tree (Commiphora mukul) lower LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol levels in humans. The plant sterol guggulsterone [4,17(20)-pregnadiene-3,16-dione] is the active agent in this extract. We show that guggulsterone is a highly efficacious antagonist of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a nuclear hormone receptor that is activated by bile acids. Guggulsterone treatment decreases hepatic cholesterol in wild-type mice fed a high-cholesterol diet but is not effective in FXR-null mice. Thus, we propose that inhibition of FXR activation is the basis for the cholesterol-lowering activity of guggulsterone. Other natural products with specific biologic effects may modulate the activity of FXR or other relatively promiscuous nuclear hormone receptors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Urizar, Nancy L -- Liverman, Amy B -- Dodds, D'Nette T -- Silva, Frank Valentin -- Ordentlich, Peter -- Yan, Yingzhuo -- Gonzalez, Frank J -- Heyman, Richard A -- Mangelsdorf, David J -- Moore, David D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 May 31;296(5573):1703-6. Epub 2002 May 2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11988537" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Binding Sites ; Caco-2 Cells ; Carrier Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Chenodeoxycholic Acid/pharmacology ; Cholesterol/*metabolism ; Cholesterol, Dietary/administration & dosage ; DNA/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*antagonists & inhibitors/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Hepatocytes/metabolism ; Histone Acetyltransferases ; Humans ; *Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases ; Hypolipidemic Agents/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Ligands ; Liver/metabolism ; *Membrane Glycoproteins ; Mice ; Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 1 ; Pregnenediones/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/metabolism ; Receptors, Steroid/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/*antagonists & inhibitors/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Transcriptional Activation/drug effects ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    Requirement of JNK for stress-induced activation of the cytochrome c-mediated death pathway (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-05-08
    Description: The c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) is activated when cells are exposed to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. However, the functional consequence of JNK activation in UV-irradiated cells has not been established. It is shown here that JNK is required for UV-induced apoptosis in primary murine embryonic fibroblasts. Fibroblasts with simultaneous targeted disruptions of all the functional Jnk genes were protected against UV-stimulated apoptosis. The absence of JNK caused a defect in the mitochondrial death signaling pathway, including the failure to release cytochrome c. These data indicate that mitochondria are influenced by proapoptotic signal transduction through the JNK pathway.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tournier, C -- Hess, P -- Yang, D D -- Xu, J -- Turner, T K -- Nimnual, A -- Bar-Sagi, D -- Jones, S N -- Flavell, R A -- Davis, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 May 5;288(5467):870-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Program in Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10797012" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Apoptosis ; Apoptotic Protease-Activating Factor 1 ; Caspase 3 ; Caspase 9 ; Caspases/metabolism ; Cell Count ; Cell Division ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytochrome c Group/*metabolism ; DNA Fragmentation ; Enzyme Activation ; Fibroblasts ; Gene Targeting ; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; MAP Kinase Signaling System ; Methyl Methanesulfonate/pharmacology ; Mice ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/genetics/*metabolism ; NF-kappa B/metabolism ; *Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; Proteins/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism ; Ultraviolet Rays
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Potential regulatory function of human dendritic cells expressing indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-09-14
    Description: Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) can induce tolerance or immunity. We describe a subset of human APCs that express indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and inhibit T cell proliferation in vitro. IDO-positive APCs constituted a discrete subset identified by coexpression of the cell-surface markers CD123 and CCR6. In the dendritic cell (DC) lineage, IDO-mediated suppressor activity was present in fully mature as well as immature CD123+ DCs. IDO+ DCs could also be readily detected in vivo, which suggests that these cells may represent a regulatory subset of APCs in humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Munn, David H -- Sharma, Madhav D -- Lee, Jeffrey R -- Jhaver, Kanchan G -- Johnson, Theodore S -- Keskin, Derin B -- Marshall, Brendan -- Chandler, Phillip -- Antonia, Scott J -- Burgess, Russell -- Slingluff, Craig L Jr -- Mellor, Andrew L -- AI44219/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI44759/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- HL60137/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Sep 13;297(5588):1867-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA. dmunn@mail.mcg.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12228717" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antigen-Presenting Cells/enzymology/immunology ; Antigens, CD/analysis ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Lineage ; Cells, Cultured ; Dendritic Cells/*enzymology/*immunology ; Down-Regulation ; Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Humans ; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase ; Interferon-gamma/pharmacology ; Interleukin-10/pharmacology ; Interleukin-3 Receptor alpha Subunit ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed ; Lymphoid Tissue/cytology/enzymology ; Macrophages/enzymology ; Receptors, CCR6 ; Receptors, Chemokine/analysis ; Receptors, Interleukin-3/analysis ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Tryptophan/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Tryptophan Oxygenase/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    An anti-apoptotic role for the p53 family member, p73, during developmental neuron death (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-07-15
    Description: p53 plays an essential pro-apoptotic role, a function thought to be shared with its family members p73 and p63. Here, we show that p73 is primarily present in developing neurons as a truncated isoform whose levels are dramatically decreased when sympathetic neurons apoptose after nerve growth factor (NGF) withdrawal. Increased expression of truncated p73 rescues these neurons from apoptosis induced by NGF withdrawal or p53 overexpression. In p73-/- mice, all isoforms of p73 are deleted and the apoptosis of developing sympathetic neurons is greatly enhanced. Thus, truncated p73 is an essential anti-apoptotic protein in neurons, serving to counteract the pro-apoptotic function of p53.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pozniak, C D -- Radinovic, S -- Yang, A -- McKeon, F -- Kaplan, D R -- Miller, F D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Jul 14;289(5477):304-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Neuronal Survival, Brain Tumor Research Center, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada H3A 2B4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10894779" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenoviridae/genetics ; Animals ; Apoptosis/*physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA-Binding Proteins/biosynthesis/chemistry/*physiology ; Escherichia coli ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Nerve Growth Factor/pharmacology ; Neurons/*physiology ; Nuclear Proteins/biosynthesis/chemistry/*physiology ; Protein Isoforms/biosynthesis/chemistry/physiology ; Recombinant Proteins ; Sympathetic Nervous System/cytology/*physiology ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/antagonists & inhibitors/*physiology ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Operant reward learning in Aplysia: neuronal correlates and mechanisms (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-06-01
    Description: Operant conditioning is a form of associative learning through which an animal learns about the consequences of its behavior. Here, we report an appetitive operant conditioning procedure in Aplysia that induces long-term memory. Biophysical changes that accompanied the memory were found in an identified neuron (cell B51) that is considered critical for the expression of behavior that was rewarded. Similar cellular changes in B51 were produced by contingent reinforcement of B51 with dopamine in a single-cell analog of the operant procedure. These findings allow for the detailed analysis of the cellular and molecular processes underlying operant conditioning.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brembs, Bjorn -- Lorenzetti, Fred D -- Reyes, Fredy D -- Baxter, Douglas A -- Byrne, John H -- MH 58321/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 May 31;296(5573):1706-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, W. M. Keck Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, The University of Texas-Houston Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12040200" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aplysia/*physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; *Conditioning, Operant ; Dopamine/pharmacology/physiology ; Eating ; Electric Stimulation ; Electrophysiology ; Esophagus/innervation ; Feeding Behavior ; Food ; Ganglia, Invertebrate/physiology ; Iontophoresis ; Membrane Potentials ; *Memory ; Nerve Net/physiology ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Neurons/*physiology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Reinforcement (Psychology) ; *Reward
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 6
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    Genomic instability in mice lacking histone H2AX (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-04-06
    Description: Higher order chromatin structure presents a barrier to the recognition and repair of DNA damage. Double-strand breaks (DSBs) induce histone H2AX phosphorylation, which is associated with the recruitment of repair factors to damaged DNA. To help clarify the physiological role of H2AX, we targeted H2AX in mice. Although H2AX is not essential for irradiation-induced cell-cycle checkpoints, H2AX-/- mice were radiation sensitive, growth retarded, and immune deficient, and mutant males were infertile. These pleiotropic phenotypes were associated with chromosomal instability, repair defects, and impaired recruitment of Nbs1, 53bp1, and Brca1, but not Rad51, to irradiation-induced foci. Thus, H2AX is critical for facilitating the assembly of specific DNA-repair complexes on damaged DNA.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4721576/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4721576/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Celeste, Arkady -- Petersen, Simone -- Romanienko, Peter J -- Fernandez-Capetillo, Oscar -- Chen, Hua Tang -- Sedelnikova, Olga A -- Reina-San-Martin, Bernardo -- Coppola, Vincenzo -- Meffre, Eric -- Difilippantonio, Michael J -- Redon, Christophe -- Pilch, Duane R -- Olaru, Alexandru -- Eckhaus, Michael -- Camerini-Otero, R Daniel -- Tessarollo, Lino -- Livak, Ferenc -- Manova, Katia -- Bonner, William M -- Nussenzweig, Michel C -- Nussenzweig, Andre -- Z99 CA999999/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 May 3;296(5569):922-7. Epub 2002 Apr 4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11934988" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology/physiology ; Base Sequence ; Cell Aging ; Cell Cycle ; Cells, Cultured ; *Chromosome Aberrations ; DNA Damage ; *DNA Repair ; Female ; Gene Targeting ; Histones/chemistry/*genetics/*physiology ; Immunoglobulin Class Switching ; Infertility, Male/genetics/physiopathology ; Lymphocyte Count ; Male ; Meiosis ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Phosphorylation ; *Recombination, Genetic ; Spermatocytes/physiology ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Contribution of human alpha-defensin 1, 2, and 3 to the anti-HIV-1 activity of CD8 antiviral factor (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-09-28
    Description: It has been known since 1986 that CD8 T lymphocytes from certain HIV-1-infected individuals who are immunologically stable secrete a soluble factor, termed CAF, that suppresses HIV-1 replication. However, the identity of CAF remained elusive despite an extensive search. By means of a protein-chip technology, we identified a cluster of proteins that were secreted when CD8 T cells from long-term nonprogressors with HIV-1 infection were stimulated. These proteins were identified as alpha-defensin 1, 2, and 3 on the basis of specific antibody recognition and amino acid sequencing. CAF activity was eliminated or neutralized by an antibody specific for human alpha-defensins. Synthetic and purified preparations of alpha-defensins also inhibited the replication of HIV-1 isolates in vitro. Taken together, our results indicate that alpha-defensin 1, 2, and 3 collectively account for much of the anti-HIV-1 activity of CAF that is not attributable to beta-chemokines.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhang, Linqi -- Yu, Wenjie -- He, Tian -- Yu, Jian -- Caffrey, Rebecca E -- Dalmasso, Enrique A -- Fu, Siyu -- Pham, Thang -- Mei, Jianfeng -- Ho, Jaclyn J -- Zhang, Wenyong -- Lopez, Peter -- Ho, David D -- AI-42848/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- M01-RR00102/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Nov 1;298(5595):995-1000. Epub 2002 Sep 26.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, 455 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA. lzhang@adarc.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12351674" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antiviral Agents/chemistry/isolation & purification/*pharmacology ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/chemistry/*immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Chemokines, CC/immunology/physiology ; HIV Infections/*immunology/virology ; HIV Long-Term Survivors ; HIV-1/drug effects/*physiology ; Humans ; Mass Spectrometry ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Neutrophils/chemistry/immunology ; Protein Array Analysis ; Virus Replication ; alpha-Defensins/chemistry/isolation & purification/pharmacology/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Retinal stem cells in the adult mammalian eye (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-03-17
    Description: The mature mammalian retina is thought to lack regenerative capacity. Here, we report the identification of a stem cell in the adult mouse eye, which represents a possible substrate for retinal regeneration. Single pigmented ciliary margin cells clonally proliferate in vitro to form sphere colonies of cells that can differentiate into retinal-specific cell types, including rod photoreceptors, bipolar neurons, and Muller glia. Adult retinal stem cells are localized to the pigmented ciliary margin and not to the central and peripheral retinal pigmented epithelium, indicating that these cells may be homologous to those found in the eye germinal zone of other nonmammalian vertebrates.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tropepe, V -- Coles, B L -- Chiasson, B J -- Horsford, D J -- Elia, A J -- McInnes, R R -- van der Kooy, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Mar 17;287(5460):2032-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building 1105, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10720333" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Count ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Division ; Cell Lineage ; Cell Size ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Clone Cells ; Colony-Forming Units Assay ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2/pharmacology ; Homeodomain Proteins/biosynthesis ; Intermediate Filament Proteins/biosynthesis ; Mice ; *Nerve Tissue Proteins ; Nestin ; Neuroglia/cytology/metabolism ; Neurons/cytology/metabolism ; Pigment Epithelium of Eye/cytology/embryology ; Retina/*cytology/embryology/metabolism ; Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells/cytology/metabolism ; Stem Cells/*cytology/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/biosynthesis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 9
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    Alternative splicing and neuritic mRNA translocation under long-term neuronal hypersensitivity (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-01-19
    Description: To explore neuronal mechanisms underlying long-term consequences of stress, we studied stress-induced changes in the neuritic translocation of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) splice variants. Under normal conditions, we found the synaptic AChE-S mRNA and protein in neurites. Corticosterone, anticholinesterases, and forced swim, each facilitated a rapid (minutes), yet long-lasting (weeks), shift from AChE-S to the normally rare AChE-R mRNA, promoted AChE-R mRNA translocation into neurites, and induced enzyme secretion. Weeks after stress, electrophysiological measurements in hippocampus slices displayed apparently normal evoked synaptic responses but extreme hypersensitivity to both anticholinesterases and atropine. Our findings suggest that neuronal hypersensitivity under stress involves neuritic replacement of AChE-S with AChE-R.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Meshorer, Eran -- Erb, Christina -- Gazit, Roi -- Pavlovsky, Lev -- Kaufer, Daniela -- Friedman, Alon -- Glick, David -- Ben-Arie, Nissim -- Soreq, Hermona -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Jan 18;295(5554):508-12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Chemistry, The Institute of Life Sciences and The Eric Roland Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel 91904.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11799248" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholine/metabolism ; Acetylcholinesterase/*genetics/*metabolism ; Action Potentials ; *Alternative Splicing ; Animals ; Atropine/pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cerebellum/cytology ; Cholinesterase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Corticosterone/pharmacology ; Hippocampus/cytology/metabolism/physiology ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; In Vitro Techniques ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Neurites/*metabolism ; Neurons/*metabolism ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense/pharmacology ; PC12 Cells ; Physostigmine/pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/*metabolism ; Rats ; Stress, Physiological/genetics/*physiopathology ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Role of Toxoplasma gondii myosin A in powering parasite gliding and host cell invasion (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-10-26
    Description: Obligate intracellular apicomplexan parasites rely on gliding motion powered by their actomyosin system to disperse throughout tissues and to penetrate host cells. Toxoplasma gondii myosin A has been implicated in this process, but direct proof has been lacking. We designed a genetic screen to generate a tetracycline-inducible transactivator system in T. gondii. The MyoA gene was disrupted in the presence of a second regulatable copy of MyoA. Conditional removal of this myosin caused severe impairment in host cell invasion and parasite spreading in cultured cells, and unambiguously established the pathogenic function of this motor in an animal model.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Meissner, Markus -- Schluter, Dirk -- Soldati, Dominique -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Oct 25;298(5594):837-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Sciences, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, Imperial College Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12399593" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcimycin/pharmacology ; Calcium/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Exocytosis ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Mice ; Movement ; Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIA/genetics/*physiology ; Organelles/metabolism ; Protozoan Proteins/genetics/physiology ; Tetracycline/pharmacology ; Toxoplasma/genetics/growth & development/*pathogenicity/*physiology ; Toxoplasmosis, Animal/*parasitology ; Trans-Activators/metabolism ; Transfection ; Transgenes ; Virulence ; Virulence Factors/*physiology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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