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  • GEOPHYSICS  (12)
  • METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY  (11)
  • Chemistry  (4)
  • 1985-1989  (27)
  • 1960-1964
  • 1985  (27)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dilute acid hydrolysis of paper birch: Kinetics studies of xylan and acetyl-group hydrolysis (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 27 (1985), S. 355-361 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Batch hydrolysis kinetics of paper birch (Betula papyrifera) xylan and its associated acetyl groups in dilute sulfuric acid have been measured for acid concentrations of between 0.04 and 0.18M and temperatures of between 100 and 170°C. Only 5% of the cellulose was hydrolyzed for up to 85% xylan removal. Rate data were correlated well by a parallel reaction model based on the existence of reactive and resistant xylan portions. The resulting rate equation predicts the experimental xylan concentrations in the residue to within 10%. Hydrolysis of xylan-associated acetyl groups was found to occur at the same rate as that of xylan, except at 100°C, where acetyl is released preferentially. No effect of acid concentration on the rate of acetyl removal relative to that of xylan was evident.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260270321
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An apple II based datasystem for AES depth profiling on a varian spectrometer (1985)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 7 (1985), S. 150-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A description is given of an Apple II based Auger spectroscopy datasystem specifically designed for depth profiling applications. Software features which are not available on commercial systems are emphasized. In particular, the utility of peak overlap and noise threshold subtraction routines are demonstrated with reference to two examples of practical profiling.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740070307
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Purification, partial characterization, and postembryonic levels of amylases from Sitophilus oryzae and Sitophilus granarius (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 2 (1985), S. 415-428 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: Sitophilus ; S. oryzae ; S. granarius ; S. zeamais ; rice weevil ; granary weevil ; maize weevil ; amylase ; purification ; digestion ; cereals ; feeding ; amylase inhibitors ; adaptive significance ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Amylases from adults of Sitophilus oryzae (L.) and S. granarius (L.) were purified by using a sequential procedure of ammonium sulfate precipitation, glycogen-complex formation, and ion exchange chromatography. Amylase of S. oryaze was purified 47.4-fold to a specific activity of 478 units/mg protein. One amylase unit equals 1 mg maltose hydrate produced/min at 30°C. Amylase of S. granarius was purified 85.4-fold to a specific activity of 453 units/mg protein. Amylase of S. oryzae had a Km of 0.173% for soluble starch and consisted of two anionic isozyrnes with isoelectric points of pH 3.70 and pH 3.76. Amylase of S. granarius had a Km of 0.078% for starch and was a single protein with an isoelectric point of pH 3.76. Purified amylases of both species had molecular weights of 56,000 estimated by sodium dodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, were activated by chloride, and had double energies of activation calculated from Arrhenius plots. Based on fresh weights of adults feeding on whole wheat through 10 weeks of age, S. oryzae contained three-fold and eight-fold more amylase than S. granarius and S. zeamais Motschulsky, respectively. High amylase levels in S. oryzae may provide this species with an adaptive advantage when feeding on cereals containing naturally occurring amylase inhibitors.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arch.940020409
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sublethal effects of permethrin on the chemical communication system of the pink bollworm moth, Pectinophora gossypiella (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 2 (1985), S. 283-293 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: Pectinophora gossypiella ; sublethal ; permethrin ; behavior ; communication ; pheromones ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Topically applied sublethal doses of permethrin can interrupt chemical communication between the sexes of Pectinophora gossypiella by affecting both the signaler and the responder. The probability of calling by females is reduced when they are treated with doses of permethrin which are much less than the LD50. Similarly, key stages in the behavioral response of males to sex pheromone are effectively blocked at these low doses. Males recover from these effects 4 days after treatment, but calling by females is still significantly reduced at this time. Chemical control of P. gossypiella populations with permethrin may not be limited to mortality, and potentially includes effective control of behavioral aspects of chemical communication.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arch.940020306
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  • 5
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    Observing system simulation experiments at NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center (1985)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-12-04
    Description: A series of realistic simulation studies is being conducted as a cooperative effort between the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), the National Meteorological Center (NMC), and the Goddard Laboratory for Atmospheres (GLA), to provide a quantitative assessment of the potential impact of future observing systems on large scale numerical weather prediction. A special objective is to avoid the unrealistic character of earlier simulation studies. Following a brief review of previous simulation studies and real data impact tests, the methodology for the current simulation system will be described. Results from an assessment of the realism of the simulation system and of the potential impact of advanced observing systems on numerical weather prediction and preliminary results utilizing this system will be presented at the conference.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Proceedings of the NASA Symposium on Global Wind Measurements; p 65-71
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    Analysis/forecast experiments with a multivariate statistical analysis scheme using FGGE data (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: A three-dimensional, multivariate, statistical analysis method, optimal interpolation (OI) is described for modeling meteorological data from widely dispersed sites. The model was developed to analyze FGGE data at the NASA-Goddard Laboratory of Atmospherics. The model features a multivariate surface analysis over the oceans, including maintenance of the Ekman balance and a geographically dependent correlation function. Preliminary comparisons are made between the OI model and similar schemes employed at the European Center for Medium Range Weather Forecasts and the National Meteorological Center. The OI scheme is used to provide input to a GCM, and model error correlations are calculated for forecasts of 500 mb vertical water mixing ratios and the wind profiles. Comparisons are made between the predictions and measured data. The model is shown to be as accurate as a successive corrections model out to 4.5 days.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Format: text
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  • 7
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    Simulation studies of the impact of future observing systems on weather prediction (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The features and preliminary results from a simulation system being implemented to develop realistic estimates of the impacts future data acquisition systems will have on large-scale numerical weather simulation are described. The new instruments may include advanced passive IR and microwave satellite sensors, as well as active scatterometer and lidar sounders. A main goal of the impact study is to identify those sensor systems which will provide the most benefit. The realism of the study is being enhanced by assimilating as much real-world data as possible and generating global weather maps for comparison with maps generated on the bases on the projected new, higher resolution data. Early results have indicated a preference for higher resolution wind data than for temperature data for making 1-5 day forecasts. The prime instrument candidate for collecting the data is lidar, provided the sensor resolution design goals are met.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    The influence of tropical wind data on the analysis and forecasts of the GLAS GCM for the Global Weather Experiment (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Several densities of tropical divergent wind data were included in a fourth-order GCM to examine the effects on the accuracy of the model predictions. The experiments covered assimilation of all available tropical wind data, no tropical wind data between 20 deg N and 20 deg S, only westerly tropical wind data and only easterly tropical wind data. The predictions were all made for the 200 mb upper troposphere. Elimination of tropical data produced excessively strong upper tropospheric westerlies which in turn amplified the globally integrated rotational flow kinetic energy by around 10 percent and doubled the global divergent flow kinetic energy. Retaining only easterly wind data, ameliorated most of the error. Inclusion of all the tropical wind data however, did not lead to overall positive effects, as the data were linked to tropical wave energetics and ageostrophic winds which were already assimilated in the model.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    A comparison of observed and forecast energetics over North America (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The observed kinetic energy balance is calculated over North America and compared with that computed from forecast fields for the 13-15 January 1979 cyclone. The FGGE upper-air rawinsonde network serves as the observational database while the forecast energetics are derived from a numerical integration with the GLAS fourth-order general circulation model initialized at 00 GMT 13 January. Maps of the observed and predicted kinetic energy and eddy conversion are in good qualitative agreement, although the model eddy conversion tends to be 2 to 3 times stronger than the observed values. Both the forecast and observations exhibit the lower and upper tropospheric maxima in vertical profiles of kinetic energy generation and dissipation typically found in cyclonic disturbances. An interesting time lag is noted in the observational analysis with the maximum observed kinetic energy occurring 12 h later than the maximum eddy conversion over the same region.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Royal Meteorological Society, Quarterly Journal (ISSN 0035-9009); 111; 641-663
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 10
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    Magnetotail energy storage and release during the CDAW 6 substorm analysis intervals (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The concept of the Coordinated Data Analysis Workshop (CDAW) grew out of the International Magnetospheric Study (IMS) program. According to this concept, data are to be pooled from a wide variety of spacecraft and ground-based sources for limited time intervals. These data are to provide the basis for the performance of very detailed correlative analyses, usually with fairly limited physical problems in mind. However, in the case of the CDAW 6 truly global goals are involved. The primary goal is to trace the flow of energy from the solar wind through the magnetosphere to its ultimate dissipation by substorm processes. The present investigation has the specific goal to examine the evidence for the storage of solar wind energy in the magnetotail prior to substorm expansion phase onsets. Of particular interest is the determination, in individual substorm cases, of the time delays between the loading of energy into the magnetospheric system and the subsequent unloading of this energy.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 90; 1205-121
    Format: text
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