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  • 1
    Publikationsdatum: 2013-10-11
    Beschreibung: Ecological and societal disruptions by modern climate change are critically determined by the time frame over which climates shift beyond historical analogues. Here we present a new index of the year when the projected mean climate of a given location moves to a state continuously outside the bounds of historical variability under alternative greenhouse gas emissions scenarios. Using 1860 to 2005 as the historical period, this index has a global mean of 2069 (+/-18 years s.d.) for near-surface air temperature under an emissions stabilization scenario and 2047 (+/-14 years s.d.) under a 'business-as-usual' scenario. Unprecedented climates will occur earliest in the tropics and among low-income countries, highlighting the vulnerability of global biodiversity and the limited governmental capacity to respond to the impacts of climate change. Our findings shed light on the urgency of mitigating greenhouse gas emissions if climates potentially harmful to biodiversity and society are to be prevented.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mora, Camilo -- Frazier, Abby G -- Longman, Ryan J -- Dacks, Rachel S -- Walton, Maya M -- Tong, Eric J -- Sanchez, Joseph J -- Kaiser, Lauren R -- Stender, Yuko O -- Anderson, James M -- Ambrosino, Christine M -- Fernandez-Silva, Iria -- Giuseffi, Louise M -- Giambelluca, Thomas W -- England -- Nature. 2013 Oct 10;502(7470):183-7. doi: 10.1038/nature12540.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Geography, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawai'i 96822, USA. cmora@hawaii.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24108050" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Biodiversity ; *Computer Simulation ; *Global Warming ; Time
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Digitale ISSN: 1476-4687
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-07-06
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mora, Camilo -- Frazier, Abby G -- Longman, Ryan J -- Dacks, Rachel S -- Walton, Maya M -- Tong, Eric J -- Sanchez, Joseph J -- Kaiser, Lauren R -- Stender, Yuko O -- Anderson, James M -- Ambrosino, Christine M -- Fernandez-Silva, Iria -- Giuseffi, Louise M -- Giambelluca, Thomas W -- England -- Nature. 2014 Jul 3;511(7507):E5-6. doi: 10.1038/nature13524.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Geography, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA. ; Department of Biology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA. ; 1] Department of Biology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA [2] Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Kane'ohe, Hawaii 96744, USA. ; 1] Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Kane'ohe, Hawaii 96744, USA [2] Department of Oceanography, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA. ; 1] Department of Geography, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA [2] Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Kane'ohe, Hawaii 96744, USA. ; 1] Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Kane'ohe, Hawaii 96744, USA [2] Trans-disciplinary Organization for Subtropical Island Studies (TRO-SIS), University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24990758" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Computer Simulation ; *Global Warming
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Digitale ISSN: 1476-4687
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-03-25
    Beschreibung: Our hypothesis was that subsurface and well waters in watershed with shallow, stony soils, steep landscapes, and cropped to tobacco are contaminated by nitrate. Nitrate in soil solution was monitored in (0.20 m) and below (0.5 m) root zone with tension lysimeters, in five transects. Water from two wells (beneath tobacco field and in native forest) used for human consumption was also analyzed for nitrate. Soil bulk density, porosity, and saturated hydraulic conductivity were evaluated. Soil physical and hydrological properties showed great variation at different landscape positions and soil depths. Soil coarse grain size, high porosity, and saturated hydraulic conductivity favored leaching nitrate. Nitrate in soil solution from tobacco fields was greater than in natural environment. Nitrate reached depths bellow rooting zone with values as high as 80 mg L−1 in tobacco plantation. Water well located below tobacco plantation had high nitrate concentration, sometimes above the critical limit of 10 mg L−1. Tobacco cropping causes significant water pollution by nitrate, posing risk to human health. A large amount of nitrogen fertilizers applied to tobacco and nitrate in subsurface waters demonstrate the unsustainability of tobacco production in small farming units on steeps slopes, with stony and shallow soils.
    Print ISSN: 2090-9063
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Publiziert von Hindawi
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Publikationsdatum: 1999-09-01
    Print ISSN: 0969-7128
    Digitale ISSN: 1476-5462
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Publiziert von Springer Nature
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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