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  • 101
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    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-10-30
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Martin, Lynn B -- Coon, Courtney A C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Oct 29;330(6004):602-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1198303.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA. lmartin@cas.usf.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21030640" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Animals, Wild/genetics/immunology/physiology ; Antibodies/*blood ; Antibodies, Antinuclear/*blood ; Autoimmunity ; Female ; *Genetic Fitness ; Immunity, Innate ; Male ; Parasitic Diseases, Animal/*immunology ; Reproduction ; Scotland ; *Selection, Genetic ; Sheep/*genetics/*immunology/physiology ; Sheep Diseases/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 102
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-04-24
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gibbons, Ann -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Apr 23;328(5977):413. doi: 10.1126/science.328.5977.413.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20413462" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Body Size ; Body Weight ; Female ; Hominidae/*anatomy & histology/growth & development ; Humans ; Male ; *Paleontology ; Sex Characteristics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 103
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-07-10
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Girard, Francoise -- Ford, Nathan -- Montaner, Julio -- Cahn, Pedro -- Katabira, Elly -- DP1 DA026182/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jul 9;329(5988):147-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1193294.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Open Society Institute Public Health Program, New York, NY 10019, USA. fgirard@sorosny.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20616254" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Anti-HIV Agents/economics/supply & distribution/*therapeutic use ; Budgets ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Developing Countries ; *Disease Outbreaks ; Drug Utilization ; Female ; *Global Health ; HIV Infections/*drug therapy/epidemiology/prevention & control/transmission ; Health Care Costs ; *Health Priorities ; *Health Services Accessibility/economics ; Humans ; Male ; United Nations
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 104
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-06-26
    Beschreibung: Because adult lung tissue has limited regeneration capacity, lung transplantation is the primary therapy for severely damaged lungs. To explore whether lung tissue can be regenerated in vitro, we treated lungs from adult rats using a procedure that removes cellular components but leaves behind a scaffold of extracellular matrix that retains the hierarchical branching structures of airways and vasculature. We then used a bioreactor to culture pulmonary epithelium and vascular endothelium on the acellular lung matrix. The seeded epithelium displayed remarkable hierarchical organization within the matrix, and the seeded endothelial cells efficiently repopulated the vascular compartment. In vitro, the mechanical characteristics of the engineered lungs were similar to those of native lung tissue, and when implanted into rats in vivo for short time intervals (45 to 120 minutes) the engineered lungs participated in gas exchange. Although representing only an initial step toward the ultimate goal of generating fully functional lungs in vitro, these results suggest that repopulation of lung matrix is a viable strategy for lung regeneration.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3640463/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3640463/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Petersen, Thomas H -- Calle, Elizabeth A -- Zhao, Liping -- Lee, Eun Jung -- Gui, Liqiong -- Raredon, MichaSam B -- Gavrilov, Kseniya -- Yi, Tai -- Zhuang, Zhen W -- Breuer, Christopher -- Herzog, Erica -- Niklason, Laura E -- HL 098220/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL098220/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL098220-01/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL098220-02/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007171/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007171-26/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jul 30;329(5991):538-41. doi: 10.1126/science.1189345. Epub 2010 Jun 24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20576850" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Bioreactors ; Detergents ; Endothelial Cells/cytology/physiology ; Epithelial Cells/cytology/physiology ; *Extracellular Matrix/physiology ; Humans ; *Lung/blood supply/cytology/physiology ; Lung Compliance ; Lung Transplantation ; Male ; Pulmonary Alveoli/blood supply/ultrastructure ; Pulmonary Gas Exchange ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred F344 ; *Regeneration ; Respiratory Mucosa/cytology ; Tissue Engineering/*methods ; Tissue Scaffolds
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 105
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-10-30
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hemberger, Myriam -- Pedersen, Roger -- BBS/E/B/0000C230/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Oct 29;330(6004):598-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1199006.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory for Developmental Genetics and Imprinting, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK. myriam.hemberger@bbsrc.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21030637" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; DNA Methylation ; Embryonic Stem Cells/physiology ; *Epigenesis, Genetic ; Female ; Genomic Imprinting ; Histones/metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Pluripotent Stem Cells/physiology ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Sex Characteristics ; Stem Cells/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 106
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-11-13
    Beschreibung: We developed a smartphone technology to sample people's ongoing thoughts, feelings, and actions and found (i) that people are thinking about what is not happening almost as often as they are thinking about what is and (ii) found that doing so typically makes them unhappy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Killingsworth, Matthew A -- Gilbert, Daniel T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Nov 12;330(6006):932. doi: 10.1126/science.1192439.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. mkilling@fas.harvard.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21071660" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; *Attention ; Cell Phones ; *Happiness ; Humans ; Internet ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Regression Analysis ; Software ; *Thinking ; Young Adult
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 107
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-03-20
    Beschreibung: The extent to which variation in chromatin structure and transcription factor binding may influence gene expression, and thus underlie or contribute to variation in phenotype, is unknown. To address this question, we cataloged both individual-to-individual variation and differences between homologous chromosomes within the same individual (allele-specific variation) in chromatin structure and transcription factor binding in lymphoblastoid cells derived from individuals of geographically diverse ancestry. Ten percent of active chromatin sites were individual-specific; a similar proportion were allele-specific. Both individual-specific and allele-specific sites were commonly transmitted from parent to child, which suggests that they are heritable features of the human genome. Our study shows that heritable chromatin status and transcription factor binding differ as a result of genetic variation and may underlie phenotypic variation in humans.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2929018/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2929018/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McDaniell, Ryan -- Lee, Bum-Kyu -- Song, Lingyun -- Liu, Zheng -- Boyle, Alan P -- Erdos, Michael R -- Scott, Laura J -- Morken, Mario A -- Kucera, Katerina S -- Battenhouse, Anna -- Keefe, Damian -- Collins, Francis S -- Willard, Huntington F -- Lieb, Jason D -- Furey, Terrence S -- Crawford, Gregory E -- Iyer, Vishwanath R -- Birney, Ewan -- U54 HG004563/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG004563-03/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- Z01 HG000024/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- Z01 HG000024-13/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Apr 9;328(5975):235-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1184655. Epub 2010 Mar 18.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Section of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20299549" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): African Continental Ancestry Group ; *Alleles ; Binding Sites ; Cell Line ; Chromatin/chemistry/*genetics/*metabolism ; Chromatin Immunoprecipitation ; Chromosomes, Human/genetics/metabolism ; Chromosomes, Human, X/genetics/metabolism ; Deoxyribonuclease I/metabolism ; European Continental Ancestry Group ; Female ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genetic Variation ; Humans ; Male ; Nuclear Family ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Protein Binding ; Regulatory Elements, Transcriptional ; Repressor Proteins/*metabolism ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Transcription Factors/*metabolism ; X Chromosome Inactivation
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 108
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-03-20
    Beschreibung: Large-scale societies in which strangers regularly engage in mutually beneficial transactions are puzzling. The evolutionary mechanisms associated with kinship and reciprocity, which underpin much of primate sociality, do not readily extend to large unrelated groups. Theory suggests that the evolution of such societies may have required norms and institutions that sustain fairness in ephemeral exchanges. If that is true, then engagement in larger-scale institutions, such as markets and world religions, should be associated with greater fairness, and larger communities should punish unfairness more. Using three behavioral experiments administered across 15 diverse populations, we show that market integration (measured as the percentage of purchased calories) positively covaries with fairness while community size positively covaries with punishment. Participation in a world religion is associated with fairness, although not across all measures. These results suggest that modern prosociality is not solely the product of an innate psychology, but also reflects norms and institutions that have emerged over the course of human history.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Henrich, Joseph -- Ensminger, Jean -- McElreath, Richard -- Barr, Abigail -- Barrett, Clark -- Bolyanatz, Alexander -- Cardenas, Juan Camilo -- Gurven, Michael -- Gwako, Edwins -- Henrich, Natalie -- Lesorogol, Carolyn -- Marlowe, Frank -- Tracer, David -- Ziker, John -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Mar 19;327(5972):1480-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1182238.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, 2136 West Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada. henrich@psych.ubc.ca〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20299588" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; *Commerce ; Cooperative Behavior ; Cross-Cultural Comparison ; *Cultural Evolution ; Female ; Games, Experimental ; Humans ; Male ; Population Density ; *Punishment ; *Religion ; *Residence Characteristics ; *Social Behavior ; Socioeconomic Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 109
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-07-03
    Beschreibung: Genome-wide active DNA demethylation in primordial germ cells (PGCs), which reprograms the epigenome for totipotency, is linked to changes in nuclear architecture, loss of histone modifications, and widespread histone replacement. Here, we show that DNA demethylation in the mouse PGCs is mechanistically linked to the appearance of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) breaks and the activation of the base excision repair (BER) pathway, as is the case in the zygote where the paternal pronucleus undergoes active DNA demethylation shortly after fertilization. Whereas BER might be triggered by deamination of a methylcytosine (5mC), cumulative evidence indicates other mechanisms in germ cells. We demonstrate that DNA repair through BER represents a core component of genome-wide DNA demethylation in vivo and provides a mechanistic link to the extensive chromatin remodeling in developing PGCs.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3863715/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3863715/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hajkova, Petra -- Jeffries, Sean J -- Lee, Caroline -- Miller, Nigel -- Jackson, Stephen P -- Surani, M Azim -- 083089/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 11224/Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom -- A11224/Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom -- G0800784/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- MC_U120092689/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jul 2;329(5987):78-82. doi: 10.1126/science.1187945.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Wellcome Trust-Cancer Research U.K. Gurdon Institute of Cancer and Developmental Biology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK. petra.hajkova@csc.mrc.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20595612" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Benzamides/pharmacology ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Chromatin/metabolism ; *Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly ; *DNA Breaks, Single-Stranded ; *DNA Methylation ; *DNA Repair/drug effects ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Embryo, Mammalian/metabolism ; Embryonic Development ; Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology ; *Epigenesis, Genetic ; Female ; *Genome ; Germ Cells/*metabolism ; Histones/metabolism ; Indoles/pharmacology ; Male ; Mice ; Poly Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose/metabolism ; Zygote/drug effects/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 110
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-03-27
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wald, Chelsea -- Wu, Corinna -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Mar 26;327(5973):1571-2. doi: 10.1126/science.327.5973.1571.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20339045" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Animal Experimentation ; Animals ; *Bias (Epidemiology) ; Editorial Policies ; Female ; Financing, Government ; Guidelines as Topic ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; *Models, Animal ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Rats ; Research Support as Topic ; *Sex Characteristics ; United States ; Women's Health
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 111
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-03-20
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Mar 19;327(5972):1443. doi: 10.1126/science.327.5972.1443-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20299565" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Ants/*physiology ; Bees/*physiology ; Drosophila/*physiology ; Female ; Fertilization ; Genitalia, Female/physiology ; Male ; Reproduction ; Semen/*chemistry/physiology ; Sexual Behavior, Animal ; Spermatozoa/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 112
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-12-04
    Beschreibung: Poor memory after brain damage is usually considered to be a result of information being lost or rendered inaccessible. It is assumed that such memory impairment must be due to the incorrect interpretation of previously encountered information as being novel. In object recognition memory experiments with rats, we found that memory impairment can take the opposite form: a tendency to treat novel experiences as familiar. This impairment could be rescued with the use of a visual-restriction procedure that reduces interference. Such a pattern of data can be explained in terms of a recent representational-hierarchical view of cognition.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McTighe, Stephanie M -- Cowell, Rosemary A -- Winters, Boyer D -- Bussey, Timothy J -- Saksida, Lisa M -- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Dec 3;330(6009):1408-10. doi: 10.1126/science.1194780.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21127256" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amnesia/physiopathology ; Animals ; Brain Injuries/*physiopathology ; Brain Mapping ; Cognition ; Darkness ; Male ; *Memory ; Memory Disorders/*physiopathology ; Models, Neurological ; Neural Pathways/physiology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; *Recognition (Psychology) ; Sensory Deprivation ; Temporal Lobe/*injuries/*physiopathology ; Vision, Ocular
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 113
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-11-13
    Beschreibung: Does literacy improve brain function? Does it also entail losses? Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we measured brain responses to spoken and written language, visual faces, houses, tools, and checkers in adults of variable literacy (10 were illiterate, 22 became literate as adults, and 31 were literate in childhood). As literacy enhanced the left fusiform activation evoked by writing, it induced a small competition with faces at this location, but also broadly enhanced visual responses in fusiform and occipital cortex, extending to area V1. Literacy also enhanced phonological activation to speech in the planum temporale and afforded a top-down activation of orthography from spoken inputs. Most changes occurred even when literacy was acquired in adulthood, emphasizing that both childhood and adult education can profoundly refine cortical organization.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dehaene, Stanislas -- Pegado, Felipe -- Braga, Lucia W -- Ventura, Paulo -- Nunes Filho, Gilberto -- Jobert, Antoinette -- Dehaene-Lambertz, Ghislaine -- Kolinsky, Regine -- Morais, Jose -- Cohen, Laurent -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Dec 3;330(6009):1359-64. doi: 10.1126/science.1194140. Epub 2010 Nov 11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉INSERM, Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, Gif sur Yvette 91191, France. stanislas.dehaene@gmail.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21071632" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Brain Mapping ; Brazil ; Cerebral Cortex/*physiology ; *Educational Status ; Face ; Female ; Humans ; *Language ; Learning ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Occipital Lobe/physiology ; Portugal ; *Reading ; Regression Analysis ; *Speech Perception ; Temporal Lobe/physiology ; *Visual Perception ; Writing
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 114
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-04-03
    Beschreibung: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) can superinfect persistently infected hosts despite CMV-specific humoral and cellular immunity; however, how it does so remains undefined. We have demonstrated that superinfection of rhesus CMV-infected rhesus macaques (RM) requires evasion of CD8+ T cell immunity by virally encoded inhibitors of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) antigen presentation, particularly the homologs of human CMV US2, 3, 6, and 11. In contrast, MHC-I interference was dispensable for primary infection of RM, or for the establishment of a persistent secondary infection in CMV-infected RM transiently depleted of CD8+ lymphocytes. These findings demonstrate that US2-11 glycoproteins promote evasion of CD8+ T cells in vivo, thus supporting viral replication and dissemination during superinfection, a process that complicates the development of preventive CMV vaccines but that can be exploited for CMV-based vector development.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2883175/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2883175/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hansen, Scott G -- Powers, Colin J -- Richards, Rebecca -- Ventura, Abigail B -- Ford, Julia C -- Siess, Don -- Axthelm, Michael K -- Nelson, Jay A -- Jarvis, Michael A -- Picker, Louis J -- Fruh, Klaus -- AI040101/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P51 RR000163/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- P51 RR000163-460222/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- P51 RR000163-486829/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- P51 RR000163-496081/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- P51 RR000163-508648/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI021640/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI021640-26/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI059457/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI059457-01A2/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI059457-02/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI059457-03/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI059457-04/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI059457-05/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI060392/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- RR00163/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- RR016001/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- RR016025/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- RR18107/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- T32 AI007472/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 HL007781/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Apr 2;328(5974):102-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1185350.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, 505 Northwest 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20360110" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Antigen Presentation ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Cytomegalovirus/genetics/immunology/*physiology ; Cytomegalovirus Infections/*immunology/*virology ; Cytomegalovirus Vaccines/immunology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Gene Products, gag/immunology ; Genes, Viral ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/immunology ; *Immune Evasion ; Immunologic Factors/genetics/*physiology ; Macaca mulatta ; Male ; Simian Immunodeficiency Virus/genetics/immunology ; Superinfection ; Viral Proteins/genetics/*physiology ; Virus Replication ; Virus Shedding
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 115
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-10-12
    Beschreibung: Acne inversa (AI), also known as hidradenitis suppurativa, is a chronic, recurrent, inflammatory disease of hair follicles that often runs in families. We studied six Chinese families with features of AI as well as additional skin lesions on back, face, nape, and waist and found independent loss-of-function mutations in PSENEN, PSEN1, or NCSTN, the genes encoding essential components of the gamma-secretase multiprotein complex. Our results identify the gamma-secretase component genes as the culprits for a subset of familial AI, implicate the gamma-secretase-Notch pathway in the molecular pathogenesis of AI, and demonstrate that familial AI can be an allelic disorder of early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wang, Baoxi -- Yang, Wei -- Wen, Wen -- Sun, Jing -- Su, Bin -- Liu, Bo -- Ma, Donglai -- Lv, Dan -- Wen, Yaran -- Qu, Tao -- Chen, Min -- Sun, Miao -- Shen, Yan -- Zhang, Xue -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Nov 19;330(6007):1065. doi: 10.1126/science.1196284. Epub 2010 Oct 7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences-Peking Union Medical College (CAMS-PUMC), Beijing, China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20929727" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alleles ; Alzheimer Disease/genetics ; Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases/*genetics ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group/genetics ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19 ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Female ; Hidradenitis Suppurativa/*enzymology/*genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Middle Aged ; *Mutation ; Presenilin-1/genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Young Adult
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 116
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-02-13
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Feb 12;327(5967):777. doi: 10.1126/science.327.5967.777.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20150464" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Behavior, Animal ; Female ; Homing Behavior ; Male ; Phascolarctidae/*physiology/psychology ; *Sexual Behavior, Animal ; *Vocalization, Animal
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 117
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-01-16
    Beschreibung: Mouse models are useful for studying genes involved in behavior, but whether they are relevant to human behavior is unclear. Here, we identified parallel phenotypes in mice and humans resulting from a common single-nucleotide polymorphism in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene, which is involved in anxiety-related behavior. An inbred genetic knock-in mouse strain expressing the variant BDNF recapitulated the phenotypic effects of the human polymorphism. Both were impaired in extinguishing a conditioned fear response, which was paralleled by atypical frontoamygdala activity in humans. Thus, this variant BDNF allele may play a role in anxiety disorders showing impaired learning of cues that signal safety versus threat and in the efficacy of treatments that rely on extinction mechanisms, such as exposure therapy.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2829261/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2829261/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Soliman, Fatima -- Glatt, Charles E -- Bath, Kevin G -- Levita, Liat -- Jones, Rebecca M -- Pattwell, Siobhan S -- Jing, Deqiang -- Tottenham, Nim -- Amso, Dima -- Somerville, Leah H -- Voss, Henning U -- Glover, Gary -- Ballon, Douglas J -- Liston, Conor -- Teslovich, Theresa -- Van Kempen, Tracey -- Lee, Francis S -- Casey, B J -- GM07739/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HD055177/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- MH060478/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH079513/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS052819/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- P50 MH079513/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- P50 MH079513-01A1/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- P50 MH079513-01A10001/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- P50 MH079513-02/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- P50 MH079513-020001/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH091864/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS052819/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS052819-05/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R25 MH060478/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R25 MH060478-10/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007739/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007739-30/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32 HD055177/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- T32 HD055177-01A2/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Feb 12;327(5967):863-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1181886. Epub 2010 Jan 14.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The Sackler Institute for Developmental Psychobiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA. fas2002@med.cornell.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20075215" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adolescent ; Adult ; Alleles ; Amygdala/physiology ; Animals ; Brain Mapping ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/*genetics/*physiology ; *Conditioning, Classical ; Cues ; Ethnic Groups/genetics ; *Extinction, Psychological ; *Fear ; Female ; Gene Knock-In Techniques ; Genotype ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Mice ; *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Prefrontal Cortex/physiology ; Young Adult
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 118
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-08-07
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wilkinson, Lawrence S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Aug 6;329(5992):636-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1194692.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Behavioural Genetics Group, Cardiff MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK. wilkinsonl@cardiff.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20689006" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Aging ; Animals ; Brain/embryology/*physiology ; *Epigenesis, Genetic ; Evolution, Molecular ; Female ; Gene Expression Profiling ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Genetic Association Studies ; *Genomic Imprinting ; Male ; Mice ; Sex Characteristics
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 119
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-07-22
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pringle, Heather -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jul 16;329(5989):274-5. doi: 10.1126/science.329.5989.274-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20647445" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Anatomy/ethics/*history ; *Cadaver ; Capital Punishment/history ; Dissection/ethics/history ; Ethics ; Female ; Germany ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Male ; National Socialism/*history ; *Prisoners ; Schools, Medical/ethics/*history
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 120
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-05-15
    Beschreibung: It is predicted that climate change will cause species extinctions and distributional shifts in coming decades, but data to validate these predictions are relatively scarce. Here, we compare recent and historical surveys for 48 Mexican lizard species at 200 sites. Since 1975, 12% of local populations have gone extinct. We verified physiological models of extinction risk with observed local extinctions and extended projections worldwide. Since 1975, we estimate that 4% of local populations have gone extinct worldwide, but by 2080 local extinctions are projected to reach 39% worldwide, and species extinctions may reach 20%. Global extinction projections were validated with local extinctions observed from 1975 to 2009 for regional biotas on four other continents, suggesting that lizards have already crossed a threshold for extinctions caused by climate change.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sinervo, Barry -- Mendez-de-la-Cruz, Fausto -- Miles, Donald B -- Heulin, Benoit -- Bastiaans, Elizabeth -- Villagran-Santa Cruz, Maricela -- Lara-Resendiz, Rafael -- Martinez-Mendez, Norberto -- Calderon-Espinosa, Martha Lucia -- Meza-Lazaro, Rubi Nelsi -- Gadsden, Hector -- Avila, Luciano Javier -- Morando, Mariana -- De la Riva, Ignacio J -- Victoriano Sepulveda, Pedro -- Rocha, Carlos Frederico Duarte -- Ibarguengoytia, Nora -- Aguilar Puntriano, Cesar -- Massot, Manuel -- Lepetz, Virginie -- Oksanen, Tuula A -- Chapple, David G -- Bauer, Aaron M -- Branch, William R -- Clobert, Jean -- Sites, Jack W Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 May 14;328(5980):894-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1184695.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA. lizardrps@gmail.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20466932" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acclimatization ; Animals ; *Biodiversity ; Biological Evolution ; Body Temperature ; *Climate Change ; *Ecosystem ; *Extinction, Biological ; Female ; Forecasting ; Geography ; Global Warming ; *Lizards/genetics/physiology ; Male ; Mexico ; Models, Biological ; Phylogeny ; Population Dynamics ; Reproduction ; Seasons ; Selection, Genetic ; Temperature
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 121
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-06-05
    Beschreibung: The extinction of conditioned fear memories requires plasticity in the infralimbic medial prefrontal cortex (IL mPFC), but little is known about the molecular mechanisms involved. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a key mediator of synaptic plasticity in multiple brain areas. In rats subjected to auditory fear conditioning, BDNF infused into the IL mPFC reduced conditioned fear for up to 48 hours, even in the absence of extinction training, which suggests that BDNF substituted for extinction. Similar to extinction, BDNF-induced reduction in fear required N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors and did not erase the original fear memory. Rats failing to learn extinction showed reduced BDNF in hippocampal inputs to the IL mPFC, and augmenting BDNF in this pathway prevented extinction failure. Hence, boosting BDNF activity in hippocampal-infralimbic circuits may ameliorate disorders of learned fear.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3570764/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3570764/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Peters, Jamie -- Dieppa-Perea, Laura M -- Melendez, Loyda M -- Quirk, Gregory J -- F32 MH085383/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- G12 MD007600/MD/NIMHD NIH HHS/ -- G12 RR003051-20/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- MH058883/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH081975/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH083516/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH085383/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS043011/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- RR003051/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jun 4;328(5983):1288-90. doi: 10.1126/science.1186909.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychiatry, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, PR 00936.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20522777" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/administration & ; dosage/*metabolism/*pharmacology ; *Conditioning (Psychology) ; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists/pharmacology ; *Extinction, Psychological ; Fear/*drug effects ; Hippocampus/drug effects/metabolism/*physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Memory/drug effects ; Neural Pathways/drug effects/physiology ; Piperazines/pharmacology ; Prefrontal Cortex/drug effects/metabolism/*physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins/administration & dosage/pharmacology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 122
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-06-19
    Beschreibung: Orienting in large-scale space depends on the interaction of environmental experience and preconfigured, possibly innate, constructs. Place, head-direction, and grid cells in the hippocampal formation provide allocentric representations of space. Here we show how these cognitive representations emerge and develop as rat pups first begin to explore their environment. Directional, locational, and rhythmic organization of firing are present during initial exploration, including adultlike directional firing. The stability and precision of place cell firing continue to develop throughout juvenility. Stable grid cell firing appears later but matures rapidly to adult levels. Our results demonstrate the presence of three neuronal representations of space before extensive experience and show how they develop with age.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3543985/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3543985/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wills, Tom J -- Cacucci, Francesca -- Burgess, Neil -- O'Keefe, John -- 082507/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- G0501672/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jun 18;328(5985):1573-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1188224.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK. t.wills@ucl.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20558720" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Action Potentials ; Aging ; Animals ; Animals, Suckling ; Brain Mapping ; CA1 Region, Hippocampal/cytology/*physiology ; *Cognition ; Electrodes, Implanted ; Entorhinal Cortex/cytology/*physiology ; Exploratory Behavior ; Male ; Neurons/*physiology ; Orientation ; Pyramidal Cells/*physiology ; Rats ; *Space Perception ; *Spatial Behavior ; Theta Rhythm
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 123
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-09-04
    Beschreibung: How do social networks affect the spread of behavior? A popular hypothesis states that networks with many clustered ties and a high degree of separation will be less effective for behavioral diffusion than networks in which locally redundant ties are rewired to provide shortcuts across the social space. A competing hypothesis argues that when behaviors require social reinforcement, a network with more clustering may be more advantageous, even if the network as a whole has a larger diameter. I investigated the effects of network structure on diffusion by studying the spread of health behavior through artificially structured online communities. Individual adoption was much more likely when participants received social reinforcement from multiple neighbors in the social network. The behavior spread farther and faster across clustered-lattice networks than across corresponding random networks.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Centola, Damon -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Sep 3;329(5996):1194-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1185231.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. dcentola@mit.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20813952" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Female ; *Health Behavior ; Humans ; *Internet ; Interpersonal Relations ; Male ; Reinforcement (Psychology) ; *Social Support
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 124
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-06-19
    Beschreibung: In the adult brain, space and orientation are represented by an elaborate hippocampal-parahippocampal circuit consisting of head-direction cells, place cells, and grid cells. We report that a rudimentary map of space is already present when 2 1/2-week-old rat pups explore an open environment outside the nest for the first time. Head-direction cells in the pre- and parasubiculum have adultlike properties from the beginning. Place and grid cells are also present but evolve more gradually. Grid cells show the slowest development. The gradual refinement of the spatial representation is accompanied by an increase in network synchrony among entorhinal stellate cells. The presence of adultlike directional signals at the onset of navigation raises the possibility that such signals are instrumental in setting up networks for place and grid representation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Langston, Rosamund F -- Ainge, James A -- Couey, Jonathan J -- Canto, Cathrin B -- Bjerknes, Tale L -- Witter, Menno P -- Moser, Edvard I -- Moser, May-Britt -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jun 18;328(5985):1576-80. doi: 10.1126/science.1188210.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for the Biology of Memory, Medical Technical Research Center, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Olav Kyrres gate 9, 7489 Trondheim, Norway.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20558721" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Action Potentials ; Aging ; Animals ; Brain Mapping ; CA1 Region, Hippocampal/*physiology ; Electrodes, Implanted ; Entorhinal Cortex/cytology/*physiology ; Exploratory Behavior ; Female ; Male ; Nerve Net/physiology ; Neural Pathways ; Neurons/*physiology ; Orientation ; Parahippocampal Gyrus/cytology/*physiology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Rats ; Rats, Long-Evans ; *Space Perception ; *Spatial Behavior
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 125
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-08-21
    Beschreibung: Individuals in socially monogamous species may participate in copulations outside of the pair bond, resulting in extra-pair offspring. Although males benefit from such extra-pair behavior if they produce more offspring, the adaptive function of infidelity to females remains elusive. Here we show that female participation in extra-pair copulations, combined with a genetically loaded process of sperm competition, enables female finches to target genes that are optimally compatible with their own to ensure fertility and optimize offspring viability. Such female behavior, along with the postcopulatory processes demonstrated here, may provide an adaptive function of female infidelity in socially monogamous animals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pryke, Sarah R -- Rollins, Lee A -- Griffith, Simon C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Aug 20;329(5994):964-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1192407.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20724639" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Adaptation, Biological ; Animals ; Female ; Fertilization/genetics ; Finches/genetics/*physiology ; Genes ; Male ; *Mating Preference, Animal ; *Pair Bond ; Selection, Genetic ; Spermatozoa/*physiology
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  • 126
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    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-10-12
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉LaPointe, Ernie -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Oct 8;330(6001):172. doi: 10.1126/science.330.6001.172-b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20929753" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Burial ; DNA/*analysis ; *Famous Persons ; Hair/chemistry ; History, 19th Century ; Humans ; Indians, North American/*genetics/history ; Male ; United States
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  • 127
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-11-27
    Beschreibung: In many science, technology, engineering, and mathematics disciplines, women are outperformed by men in test scores, jeopardizing their success in science-oriented courses and careers. The current study tested the effectiveness of a psychological intervention, called values affirmation, in reducing the gender achievement gap in a college-level introductory physics class. In this randomized double-blind study, 399 students either wrote about their most important values or not, twice at the beginning of the 15-week course. Values affirmation reduced the male-female performance and learning difference substantially and elevated women's modal grades from the C to B range. Benefits were strongest for women who tended to endorse the stereotype that men do better than women in physics. A brief psychological intervention may be a promising way to address the gender gap in science performance and learning.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miyake, Akira -- Kost-Smith, Lauren E -- Finkelstein, Noah D -- Pollock, Steven J -- Cohen, Geoffrey L -- Ito, Tiffany A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Nov 26;330(6008):1234-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1195996.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA. akira.miyake@colorado.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21109670" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Achievement ; Educational Measurement ; Female ; Humans ; *Learning ; Male ; Physics/*education ; *Self Concept ; Sex Factors ; *Social Values ; Stereotyping ; Universities
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  • 128
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-09-11
    Beschreibung: Repeated study improves memory, but the underlying neural mechanisms of this improvement are not well understood. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging and representational similarity analysis of brain activity, we found that, compared with forgotten items, subsequently remembered faces and words showed greater similarity in neural activation across multiple study in many brain regions, including (but not limited to) the regions whose mean activities were correlated with subsequent memory. This result addresses a longstanding debate in the study of memory by showing that successful episodic memory encoding occurs when the same neural representations are more precisely reactivated across study episodes, rather than when patterns of activation are more variable across time.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2952039/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2952039/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Xue, Gui -- Dong, Qi -- Chen, Chuansheng -- Lu, Zhonglin -- Mumford, Jeanette A -- Poldrack, Russell A -- HD057884-01A2/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R01 HD057884/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R01 HD057884-01A2/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R01 HD057884-02/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R01 HD057884-03/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Oct 1;330(6000):97-101. doi: 10.1126/science.1193125. Epub 2010 Sep 9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20829453" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adolescent ; Adult ; Brain/*physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Face ; Female ; Frontal Lobe/physiology ; Humans ; Learning/physiology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Memory/*physiology ; Mental Recall/*physiology ; Parietal Lobe/physiology ; Recognition (Psychology) ; Temporal Lobe/physiology ; Visual Cortex/physiology ; Young Adult
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  • 129
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-06-05
    Beschreibung: During sepsis, activation of phagocytes leads to the overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines, causing systemic inflammation. Despite substantial information regarding the underlying molecular mechanisms that lead to sepsis, several elements in the pathway remain to be elucidated. We found that the enzyme sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) is up-regulated in stimulated human phagocytes and in peritoneal phagocytes of patients with severe sepsis. Blockade of SphK1 inhibited phagocyte production of endotoxin-induced proinflammatory cytokines. We observed protection against sepsis in mice treated with a specific SphK1 inhibitor that was enhanced by treatment with a broad-spectrum antibiotic. These results demonstrated a critical role for SphK1 in endotoxin signaling and sepsis-induced inflammatory responses and suggest that inhibition of SphK1 is a potential therapy for septic shock.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Puneet, Padmam -- Yap, Celestial T -- Wong, Lingkai -- Lam, Yulin -- Koh, Dow Rhoon -- Moochhala, Shabbir -- Pfeilschifter, Josef -- Huwiler, Andrea -- Melendez, Alirio J -- G0700794/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jun 4;328(5983):1290-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1188635.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, 117597 Singapore.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20522778" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Animals ; Bacterial Proteins/immunology ; Cytokines/blood/*metabolism ; Endotoxins ; Enzyme Activation ; Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; *Inflammation ; Lipopolysaccharides/immunology ; Lipoproteins/immunology ; Macrophages/enzymology/immunology ; Macrophages, Peritoneal/*enzymology/immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Middle Aged ; NF-kappa B/metabolism ; Neutrophils/*enzymology/immunology ; Peritonitis/enzymology/immunology ; Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor)/antagonists & ; inhibitors/genetics/*metabolism ; Protein Kinase C-delta/metabolism ; RNA Interference ; Sepsis/drug therapy/enzymology/*immunology ; Shock, Septic/enzymology/*immunology ; Signal Transduction ; Up-Regulation ; Young Adult
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  • 130
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-01-23
    Beschreibung: In vivo intracellular recordings of hippocampal neurons reveal the occurrence of fast events of small amplitude called spikelets or fast prepotentials. Because intracellular recordings have been restricted to anesthetized or head-fixed animals, it is not known how spikelet activity contributes to hippocampal spatial representations. We addressed this question in CA1 pyramidal cells by using in vivo whole-cell recording in freely moving rats. We observed a high incidence of spikelets that occurred either in isolation or in bursts and could drive spiking as fast prepotentials of action potentials. Spikelets strongly contributed to spiking activity, driving approximately 30% of all action potentials. CA1 pyramidal cell firing and spikelet activity were comodulated as a function of the animal's location in the environment. We conclude that spikelets have a major impact on hippocampal activity during spatial exploration.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Epsztein, Jerome -- Lee, Albert K -- Chorev, Edith -- Brecht, Michael -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jan 22;327(5964):474-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1182773.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Humboldt University, 10115 Berlin, Germany. epsztein@inmed.univ-mrs.fr〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20093475" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Action Potentials ; Animals ; CA1 Region, Hippocampal/cytology/*physiology ; *Exploratory Behavior ; Male ; Maze Learning ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Pyramidal Cells/*physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; *Space Perception
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  • 131
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-10-23
    Beschreibung: The Afrotropical mosquito Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto, a major vector of malaria, is currently undergoing speciation into the M and S molecular forms. These forms have diverged in larval ecology and reproductive behavior through unknown genetic mechanisms, despite considerable levels of hybridization. Previous genome-wide scans using gene-based microarrays uncovered divergence between M and S that was largely confined to gene-poor pericentromeric regions, prompting a speciation-with-ongoing-gene-flow model that implicated only about 3% of the genome near centromeres in the speciation process. Here, based on the complete M and S genome sequences, we report widespread and heterogeneous genomic divergence inconsistent with appreciable levels of interform gene flow, suggesting a more advanced speciation process and greater challenges to identify genes critical to initiating that process.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3674514/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3674514/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lawniczak, M K N -- Emrich, S J -- Holloway, A K -- Regier, A P -- Olson, M -- White, B -- Redmond, S -- Fulton, L -- Appelbaum, E -- Godfrey, J -- Farmer, C -- Chinwalla, A -- Yang, S-P -- Minx, P -- Nelson, J -- Kyung, K -- Walenz, B P -- Garcia-Hernandez, E -- Aguiar, M -- Viswanathan, L D -- Rogers, Y-H -- Strausberg, R L -- Saski, C A -- Lawson, D -- Collins, F H -- Kafatos, F C -- Christophides, G K -- Clifton, S W -- Kirkness, E F -- Besansky, N J -- AI076584/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- BB/C519670/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- BB/E002641/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- R01 AI063508/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI076584/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI63508/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U54-HG00379/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54-HG03068/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Oct 22;330(6003):512-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1195755.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20966253" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Anopheles gambiae/classification/*genetics ; Evolution, Molecular ; Female ; Gene Flow ; *Genetic Speciation ; *Genome, Insect ; Male ; Models, Genetic ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
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  • 132
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-10-12
    Beschreibung: Psychologists have repeatedly shown that a single statistical factor--often called "general intelligence"--emerges from the correlations among people's performance on a wide variety of cognitive tasks. But no one has systematically examined whether a similar kind of "collective intelligence" exists for groups of people. In two studies with 699 people, working in groups of two to five, we find converging evidence of a general collective intelligence factor that explains a group's performance on a wide variety of tasks. This "c factor" is not strongly correlated with the average or maximum individual intelligence of group members but is correlated with the average social sensitivity of group members, the equality in distribution of conversational turn-taking, and the proportion of females in the group.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Woolley, Anita Williams -- Chabris, Christopher F -- Pentland, Alex -- Hashmi, Nada -- Malone, Thomas W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Oct 29;330(6004):686-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1193147. Epub 2010 Sep 30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Carnegie Mellon University, Tepper School of Business, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. awoolley@cmu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20929725" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Emotional Intelligence ; Female ; *Group Processes ; Humans ; *Intelligence ; Interpersonal Relations ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Regression Analysis ; Sex Factors ; Social Perception ; Young Adult
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 133
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-10-23
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hvistendahl, Mara -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Oct 22;330(6003):436. doi: 10.1126/science.330.6003.436.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20966224" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Censuses ; China ; Emigration and Immigration ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; *Population
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 134
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-06-12
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miller, Greg -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jun 11;328(5984):1336-7. doi: 10.1126/science.328.5984.1336-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20538919" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Brain/*physiology ; Deception ; Fraud ; Humans ; *Jurisprudence ; *Lie Detection ; *Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Medicare ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 135
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-11-26
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Enserink, Martin -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Nov 19;330(6007):1030-1. doi: 10.1126/science.330.6007.1030.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21097909" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Aedes/*genetics ; Animals ; *Animals, Genetically Modified ; Containment of Biohazards ; Dengue/prevention & control ; Female ; Foundations ; Genetic Research/economics ; Humans ; Insect Vectors/genetics ; Male ; Research Support as Topic ; West Indies
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 136
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-05-29
    Beschreibung: Fairness considerations fundamentally affect human behavior, but our understanding of the nature and development of people's fairness preferences is limited. The dictator game has been the standard experimental design for studying fairness preferences, but it only captures a situation where there is broad agreement that fairness requires equality. In real life, people often disagree on what is fair because they disagree on whether individual achievements, luck, and efficiency considerations of what maximizes total benefits can justify inequalities. We modified the dictator game to capture these features and studied how inequality acceptance develops in adolescence. We found that as children enter adolescence, they increasingly view inequalities reflecting differences in individual achievements, but not luck, as fair, whereas efficiency considerations mainly play a role in late adolescence.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Almas, Ingvild -- Cappelen, Alexander W -- Sorensen, Erik O -- Tungodden, Bertil -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 May 28;328(5982):1176-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1187300.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration, Department of Economics, N-5045 Bergen, Norway. ingvild.almas@nhh.no〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20508132" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adolescent ; *Adolescent Behavior ; Adolescent Development ; Child ; *Child Behavior ; *Choice Behavior ; Female ; Games, Experimental ; Humans ; Male ; *Social Behavior ; *Social Perception ; Social Values
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  • 137
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-09-18
    Beschreibung: Cloning mammals by means of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is highly inefficient because of erroneous reprogramming of the donor genome. Reprogramming errors appear to arise randomly, but the nature of nonrandom, SCNT-specific errors remains elusive. We found that Xist, a noncoding RNA that inactivates one of the two X chromosomes in females, was ectopically expressed from the active X (Xa) chromosome in cloned mouse embryos of both sexes. Deletion of Xist on Xa showed normal global gene expression and resulted in about an eight- to ninefold increase in cloning efficiency. We also identified an Xist-independent mechanism that specifically down-regulated a subset of X-linked genes through somatic-type repressive histone blocks. Thus, we have identified nonrandom reprogramming errors in mouse cloning that can be altered to improve the efficiency of SCNT methods.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Inoue, Kimiko -- Kohda, Takashi -- Sugimoto, Michihiko -- Sado, Takashi -- Ogonuki, Narumi -- Matoba, Shogo -- Shiura, Hirosuke -- Ikeda, Rieko -- Mochida, Keiji -- Fujii, Takashi -- Sawai, Ken -- Otte, Arie P -- Tian, X Cindy -- Yang, Xiangzhong -- Ishino, Fumitoshi -- Abe, Kuniya -- Ogura, Atsuo -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Oct 22;330(6003):496-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1194174. Epub 2010 Sep 16.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉BioResource Center, RIKEN, 305-0024 Tsukuba, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20847234" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cloning, Organism/*methods ; Down-Regulation ; Embryo, Mammalian/metabolism ; Female ; Gene Deletion ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Male ; Mice ; *Nuclear Transfer Techniques ; RNA, Long Noncoding ; RNA, Untranslated/biosynthesis/genetics/*physiology ; *X Chromosome
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  • 138
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    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-06-19
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stokstad, Erik -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jun 18;328(5985):1504-5. doi: 10.1126/science.328.5985.1504.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20558703" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animal Feed ; Animals ; Aquaculture/economics/*methods ; Ecosystem ; Environment ; Female ; Fish Products ; Male ; Oceans and Seas ; *Penaeidae/growth & development/physiology/virology ; Reproduction ; Water Pollution/prevention & control
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 139
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-10-12
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Minogue, Kristen -- Marshall, Eliot -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Oct 8;330(6001):160. doi: 10.1126/science.330.6001.160.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20929741" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Bioethical Issues ; Female ; Guatemala ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Male ; Military Personnel/history ; Nontherapeutic Human Experimentation/ethics/*history ; Prisoners/history ; Prostitution ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Bacterial/drug therapy/*history ; United States ; United States Public Health Service/history
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 140
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-10-12
    Beschreibung: Synaptic inhibition is based on both tonic and phasic release of the inhibitory transmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Although phasic GABA release arises from Ca(2+)-dependent exocytosis from neurons, the mechanism of tonic GABA release is unclear. Here we report that tonic inhibition in the cerebellum is due to GABA being released from glial cells by permeation through the Bestrophin 1 (Best1) anion channel. We demonstrate that GABA directly permeates through Best1 to yield GABA release and that tonic inhibition is eliminated by silencing of Best1. Glial cells express both GABA and Best1, and selective expression of Best1 in glial cells, after preventing general expression of Best1, fully rescues tonic inhibition. Our results identify a molecular mechanism for tonic inhibition and establish a role for interactions between glia and neurons in mediating tonic inhibition.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, Soojung -- Yoon, Bo-Eun -- Berglund, Ken -- Oh, Soo-Jin -- Park, Hyungju -- Shin, Hee-Sup -- Augustine, George J -- Lee, C Justin -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Nov 5;330(6005):790-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1184334. Epub 2010 Sep 23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Neural Science, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Korea.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20929730" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Astrocytes/metabolism ; Calcium/metabolism ; Cerebellum/cytology/*metabolism ; Chlorides/metabolism ; Eye Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Female ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Ion Channels/genetics/*metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; *Neural Inhibition ; Neuroglia/*metabolism ; Neurons/*metabolism ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Permeability ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Small Interfering/genetics ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/*metabolism
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    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 141
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-05-08
    Beschreibung: After choosing between two alternatives, people perceive the chosen alternative as more attractive and the rejected alternative as less attractive. This postdecisional dissonance effect was eliminated by cleaning one's hands. Going beyond prior purification effects in the moral domain, physical cleansing seems to more generally remove past concerns, resulting in a metaphorical "clean slate" effect.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, Spike W S -- Schwarz, Norbert -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 May 7;328(5979):709. doi: 10.1126/science.1186799.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. spikelee@umich.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20448177" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Attitude ; *Choice Behavior ; *Cognitive Dissonance ; Female ; *Hand Disinfection ; Humans ; Male
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 142
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    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-10-30
    Beschreibung: Epigenetic modifications of the genome are generally stable in somatic cells of multicellular organisms. In germ cells and early embryos, however, epigenetic reprogramming occurs on a genome-wide scale, which includes demethylation of DNA and remodeling of histones and their modifications. The mechanisms of genome-wide erasure of DNA methylation, which involve modifications to 5-methylcytosine and DNA repair, are being unraveled. Epigenetic reprogramming has important roles in imprinting, the natural as well as experimental acquisition of totipotency and pluripotency, control of transposons, and epigenetic inheritance across generations. Small RNAs and the inheritance of histone marks may also contribute to epigenetic inheritance and reprogramming. Reprogramming occurs in flowering plants and in mammals, and the similarities and differences illuminate developmental and reproductive strategies.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2989926/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2989926/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Feng, Suhua -- Jacobsen, Steven E -- Reik, Wolf -- G0700098/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- GM60398/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R37 GM060398/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R37 GM060398-10/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Oct 29;330(6004):622-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1190614.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21030646" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Arabidopsis/embryology/*genetics ; Cellular Reprogramming ; *DNA Methylation ; DNA Transposable Elements ; Embryo, Mammalian/metabolism/physiology ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/metabolism/physiology ; Embryonic Development ; *Epigenesis, Genetic ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Gene Silencing ; Genomic Imprinting ; Germ Cells/growth & development/metabolism ; Histones/*metabolism ; Male ; Mammals/embryology/*genetics ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 143
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-08-21
    Beschreibung: Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is a common form of muscular dystrophy in adults that is foremost characterized by progressive wasting of muscles in the upper body. FSHD is associated with contraction of D4Z4 macrosatellite repeats on chromosome 4q35, but this contraction is pathogenic only in certain "permissive" chromosomal backgrounds. Here, we show that FSHD patients carry specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the chromosomal region distal to the last D4Z4 repeat. This FSHD-predisposing configuration creates a canonical polyadenylation signal for transcripts derived from DUX4, a double homeobox gene of unknown function that straddles the last repeat unit and the adjacent sequence. Transfection studies revealed that DUX4 transcripts are efficiently polyadenylated and are more stable when expressed from permissive chromosomes. These findings suggest that FSHD arises through a toxic gain of function attributable to the stabilized distal DUX4 transcript.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4677822/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4677822/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lemmers, Richard J L F -- van der Vliet, Patrick J -- Klooster, Rinse -- Sacconi, Sabrina -- Camano, Pilar -- Dauwerse, Johannes G -- Snider, Lauren -- Straasheijm, Kirsten R -- van Ommen, Gert Jan -- Padberg, George W -- Miller, Daniel G -- Tapscott, Stephen J -- Tawil, Rabi -- Frants, Rune R -- van der Maarel, Silvere M -- P01 NS069539/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- P01NS069539/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Sep 24;329(5999):1650-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1189044. Epub 2010 Aug 19.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, Netherlands.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20724583" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Base Sequence ; Child, Preschool ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10/genetics ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 4/*genetics ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Haplotypes ; Homeodomain Proteins/*genetics/physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Models, Genetic ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Muscular Dystrophy, Facioscapulohumeral/*genetics ; Polyadenylation ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; RNA Stability ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; *Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Transcription, Genetic ; Transfection ; Young Adult
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 144
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-03-12
    Beschreibung: We analyzed the whole-genome sequences of a family of four, consisting of two siblings and their parents. Family-based sequencing allowed us to delineate recombination sites precisely, identify 70% of the sequencing errors (resulting in 〉 99.999% accuracy), and identify very rare single-nucleotide polymorphisms. We also directly estimated a human intergeneration mutation rate of approximately 1.1 x 10(-8) per position per haploid genome. Both offspring in this family have two recessive disorders: Miller syndrome, for which the gene was concurrently identified, and primary ciliary dyskinesia, for which causative genes have been previously identified. Family-based genome analysis enabled us to narrow the candidate genes for both of these Mendelian disorders to only four. Our results demonstrate the value of complete genome sequencing in families.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3037280/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3037280/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Roach, Jared C -- Glusman, Gustavo -- Smit, Arian F A -- Huff, Chad D -- Hubley, Robert -- Shannon, Paul T -- Rowen, Lee -- Pant, Krishna P -- Goodman, Nathan -- Bamshad, Michael -- Shendure, Jay -- Drmanac, Radoje -- Jorde, Lynn B -- Hood, Leroy -- Galas, David J -- GM076547/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P50 GM076547/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P50 GM076547-05/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG002939/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG002939-08/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01GM081083/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01HD048895/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R01HL094976/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- RC2HG005608/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- RZ1HG004749/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Apr 30;328(5978):636-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1186802. Epub 2010 Mar 10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA 98103, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20220176" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Abnormalities, Multiple/*genetics ; Algorithms ; Alleles ; Axonemal Dyneins/genetics ; Ciliary Motility Disorders/*genetics ; Crossing Over, Genetic ; Female ; Genes, Dominant ; Genes, Recessive ; Genetic Association Studies ; *Genome, Human ; Humans ; *Inheritance Patterns ; Limb Deformities, Congenital/genetics ; Male ; Mandibulofacial Dysostosis/genetics ; Mutation ; *Nuclear Family ; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors/genetics ; Pedigree ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; *Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Syndrome
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 145
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-07-10
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jasny, Barbara -- Mueller, Kristen -- Roberts, Leslie -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jul 9;329(5988):159. doi: 10.1126/science.329.5988.159.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20616261" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Disease Outbreaks ; Europe, Eastern/epidemiology ; Female ; HIV/physiology ; HIV Antibodies/immunology ; HIV Infections/*epidemiology/virology ; Health Policy ; Health Services ; Humans ; Male ; Prevalence ; Russia/epidemiology ; Substance Abuse, Intravenous ; Ukraine/epidemiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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