ALBERT

Description / Table of Contents: Chapter I. Air-Sea Exchange Processes and Flux --- Chemical composition of marine aerosols over the Central North Pacific—Results ftom the 1991 cruise of Hakurei Maru No. 2 / Uematsu, M., Kawamupa, K., Ibusuki, T. and Kimoto, T. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 3-14 --- Estimation of mineral aerosol fluxes to the Pacific by using environmental plutonium as a tracer / Nakanishi, T., Shiba, Y., Muramatsu, M. and Haque, M. A. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 15-30 --- Land-derived lipid class compounds in the deep-sea sediments and marine aerosols from the North Pacific / Kawamura, K. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 31-51 --- Iron and manganese in the atmosphere and oceanic waters / Nakayama, E., Obata, H., Okamura, K., Isshiki, K., Karatani, H. and Kimoto, T. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 53-68 --- Laboratory estimation of CO2 transfer velocity across the air-sea interface / Komom, S., Shimada, T. and Murakami, Y. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 69-81 --- Dissolution of calcareous tests in the ocean and atmospheric carbon dioxide / Nozaki, Y. and Oba, T. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 83-92 --- Calcium carbonate production and carbon dioxide flux on a coral reef, Okinawa / Ohde, S. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 93-98 --- Chapter II. Geochemical Processes in Seawater --- Generations of carbonyl sulfide and hydrogen peroxide in the Seto Inland Sea—Photochemical reactions progressing in the coastal seawater / Fujiwara, K., Takeda, K. and Kumamoto, Y. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 101-127 --- Speciation of organoarsenical compounds in the hydrosphere / Sohrin, Y., Hasegawa, H. and Matsui, M. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 129-138 --- Chemical speciation of selenium in natural waters / Nakaguchi, Y., Koike, Y. and Hiraki, K. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 139-158 --- The concentration distribution and chemical form of arsenic compounds in seawater / Tanaka, S. and Santosa, S. J. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 159-170 --- The rare earth elements and yttrium in the coastal/offshore mixing zone of Tokyo Bay waters and the Kuroshio / Nozaki, Y. and Zhang, J. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 171-184 --- The tetrad effect in seawater; a long dispute and an analytical approach to the confirmation of the effect / Akagi, T. and Masuda, A. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 185-199 --- Detection, characterization and dynamics of dissolved organic ligands in oceanic waters / Tanoue, E. and Midorikawa, T. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 201-224 --- Chapter III. Primary Production and Other Biological Processes --- Nitrate assimilation and new production in open ocean / Kanda, J. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 227-238 --- Primary production and community respiration in the subarctic water of the western North Pacific / Odate, T. and Furuya, K. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 239-253 --- Effects of a seamount on phytoplankton production in the western Pacific Ocean / Furuya, K., Odate, T. and Taguchi, K. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 255-273 --- Marine colloids: Their roles in food webs and biogeochemical fluxes / Nagata, T. and Koike, I. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 275-292 --- Regional and seasonal variations of biomass and bio-mediated materials in the North Pacific Ocean / Yanada, M. and Maita, Y. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 293-306 --- Nitrogen and carbon stable isotopic ecology in the ocean: The transportation of organic materials through the food web / Sugisakj, H. and Tsuda, A. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 307-317 --- The role of carnivorous zooplankton, particularly chaetognaths in ocean flux / Terazaki, M. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 319-330 --- Seasonal changes in deep-sea benthic foraminiferal populations: Results of long-term observations at Sagami Bay, Japan / Kitazato, H. and Ohga, T. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 331-342 --- Chapter IV. Particle Flux and Sediment Geochemistry --- Spatial variation of Al flux in the North Pacific observed with sediment trap / Noriki, S., Iwai, T., Shimamoto, A., Tsunogai, S. and Harada, K. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 345-354 --- Spatial and temporal variation of δ515N in sinking particles in deep waters: Its implication for the origin and transport of particulate organic matter / Nakatsuka, T., Handa, N. and Imaizumi, S. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 355-374 --- 230Th and 231Pa distributions in surface sediments off Enshunada, Japan / Taguchi, K. and Narita, H. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 375-382 --- Remobilization of transition elements in pore water of continental slope sediments / Kato, Y., Tanase, M., Minami, H. and Okabe, S. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 383-405 --- Geochemistry of pore waters from a bathyal Calyptogena community off Hatsushima Island, Sagami Bay, Japan / Masuzawa, T., Nakatsuka, T. and Handa, N. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 407-421 --- Chapter V. Submarine Hydrothermal Processes --- Wide variation of chemical characteristics of submarine hydrothermal fluids due to secondary modification processes after high temperature water-rock interaction: a review / Gamo, T. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 425-451 --- Geochemistry of phase-separated hydrothermal fluids of the North Fiji Basin, Southwest Pacific / Ishibashi, J. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 453-467 --- Chemical modeling of seawater-rock interaction: Effect of rock-type on the fluid chemistry and mineral assemblage / Chiba, H. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 469-486 --- Hydrothermal mineralization in the Mid-Okinawa Trough / Nakashima, K., Sakai, H., Yoshida, H., Chiba, H., Tanaka, Y., Gamo, T., Ishibashi, J. and Tsunogai, U. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 487-508 --- Iron-rich smectite formation in the hydrothermal sediment of Iheya Basin, Okinawa Trough / Masuda, H. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 509-521 --- Formation and alteration of organic compounds in simulated submarine hydrothermal vent environments / Kobayashi, K., Kohara, M., Gamo, T. and Yanagawa, H. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 523-535 --- Localized heat flow anomalies in the middle Okinawa Trough associated with hydrothermal circulation / Kinoshita, M. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 537-559 --- Chapter VI. Modeling and Physical Oceanography --- Material transport models from Tokyo Bay to the Pacific Ocean / Yanagi, T. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 563-574 --- Climate and weather effects on the chlorophyll concentration in the northwestern North Pacific / Sugimoto, T., Tadokoro, K. and Furushima, Y. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 575-592 --- Ecosystem models for the three regional problems in the Northern Pacific / Kishi, M. J. and Kawamiya, M. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 593-611 --- A review on the subtropical mode water of the North Pacific (NPSTMW) / Hanawa, K. and Suga, T. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 613-627 --- Flow distribution at 165°E in the Pacific Ocean / Kawabe, M. and Taira, K. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 629-649 --- Determination of monthly mean sea surface temperature from 1981 to 1990 by the NOAA-AVHRR in the equatorial Pacific / Kishino, M. / Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Flux in the Western Pacific, / pp. 651-659

Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction --- 2. Phylogeny of the genus Anguilla --- 2-1. Morphological studies --- 2-2. Molecular phylogenetic approaches --- 2-3. A new species in the genus Anguilla --- 3. Life histories of temperate anguillids --- 3-1. Spawning areas of temperate eels --- 3-2. Larval migration of temperate eels --- 3-3. Growth phase and spawning migration --- 4. Population structure of temperate eels --- 5. Life histories of tropical anguillids --- 5-1. Spawning areas of tropical eels --- 5-2. Larval migration of tropical eels --- 5-3. Growth phase and spawning migration --- 6. Population structure of tropical eels --- 7. Discussion --- 7-1. Evolution of migration in anguillid eels --- 7-2. Management and conservation of eel resources

Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction --- 2. Standard growth formula in fish population dynamics --- 2-1. Traditional growth formulae --- 2-2. Standard formula of RGF in fish population dynamics --- 2-3. Seasonal growth formula --- 2-4. Standard formula for seasonal growth --- 2-5. Parameter estimation and statistical test of growth formulae --- (Example 1) Fitting the growth formula to clam data. --- (Example 2) Fitting VBGF1 for Pacific hake data. --- 2-6. The generalized reproduction model --- 2-7. Parameter estimation for reproduction model --- 2-8. Supplement --- 3. Analysis of the body-size composition --- 3-1. Statistical model --- 3-2. Hasselblad method --- 3-3. Undetermined multiplier method --- 3-4. EM algorithm --- 3-5. Convergence criterion by diminishing mapping --- 3-6. Approximation of the Jacobi method --- 3-7. Difference between the iteration method and the EM algorithm --- (Example 3) Estimation of the age composition for the data of the porgy --- 3-8. Marquardt method --- 4. Estimation of the population size --- 4-1. Petersen method --- (Example 4) Estimation of the 95% interval of N when M = 60, n = 141, and r = 11. --- 4-2. Bayesian statistical method for the Petersen method --- 4-3. Bayesian statistical method by using the hyper-geometric distribution --- 4-4. Quadrat method --- 4-5. Bayesian statistical method for the quadrat method --- (Example 5) Estimation of the 95% interval of n when r = 5 and p = 0.1. --- 4-6. DeLury removal method --- (Example 6) Analysis of the data in Table 5. --- 4-7. Proof of the sum formulae of the binomial distribution and the hyper-geometric distribution --- 5. Survival models --- 5-1. VPA --- 5-2. VPA using mortality rates --- 5-3. Leslie matrix model --- 5-4. Linear programming for fishing equations --- 6. Summary

Description / Table of Contents: Glycostructures play a pivotal and crucial role in a myriad of organisms and important systems in biology, physiology, medicine, bioengineering and technology. Within recent years tools have been developed to promote the understanding of their highly complex functions and the associated chemistry and chemical biology, however, many facts still remain undiscovered. These days the area is experiencing a “quantum jump”. Therefore the Editors in collaboration with six responsible Section Editors completely revised and updated the 1st edition to give up-to-date information on glycostructures, their chemistry and chemical biology, and present them in the form of a comprehensive and strictly systematic survey. The texts are furnished by more than 2500 figures, chemical structures and reaction schemes (including more than 12,000 individual chemical reactions), and more than 9,000 references. In concept and content this Major Reference Work received an essential improvement and expansion. Whereas chapter 1, 2, 3, 7, 8, and 9 are updated, expanded and rearranged versions of the 1st edition, many new subchapters are included in the chapters on monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. The importance of the saccharide metabolism as well as the involvement of complex glycostructures in biologically and medically relevant processes are considered by addition of two large totally newly conceived chapters. Further, another novel chapter featuring key technologies and tools for functional glycobiology is incorporated. Responsible for this major update are the Section Editors who solicited a large number of highly reputed new authors to cover the changes in the content and to write the major supplements.

Description / Table of Contents: Echinoderms are a vast group of spiny-skinned animals including starfish, brittle-stars, sea urchins, sand dollars, feather stars, sea lilies and sea cucumbers. These relatives of chordates and hemichordates have inhabited the world’s oceans for more than 500 million years. Modern members of the Echinodermata are, with over 7 000 species, an integral part of marine communities from the intertidal to the deep sea. Echinoderms play a major ecological role in marine habitats and are of economic importance in fisheries, aquaculture and biomedicine. The present volume contains the abstracts of lectures and posters presented during the 7th European Conference on Echinoderms (ECE) as well as excursion guides. This year’s conference was held at the northern campus of the Georg-August University in Göttingen, Germany, from October 2-9, 2010. More than 100 biologists, palaeontologists and other scientists from 25 countries participated.

Description / Table of Contents: Im Rahmen der 74. Jahrestagung der Paläontologischen Gesellschaft, die 2004 zum vierten Mal in Göttingen stattfand, wurden sechs Exkursionen in die nähere Umgebung Göttingens durchgeführt sowie Workshops zu Geo-Histologie, Öffentlichkeitsarbeit und Ostrakoden angeboten. Der vorliegende Exkursionsführer und Workshop-Begleiter ist mit zahlreichen Abbildungen und Farbseiten ausgestattet. Er bietet zur regionalen Geowissenschaft Niedersachsens und zu den genannten Workshop-Themen aktuelle und fundierte Informationen.

Description / Table of Contents: Stromatolites are the most intriguing geobiological structures of the entire history of the earth since the early beginning of the fossil record in the Archaean. Traditionally, stromatolites and related microbial sediments are interpreted as biosedimentological remains of biofilms and microbial mats. Stromatolites are important environmental and evolutionary archives that give us plenty of information on ancient habitats, biodiversity, and evolution of complex benthic biosystems. However, many aspects of the formation, biology, and geobiology of these structures are still cryptic and poorly understood. The symposium is dedicated to Ernst Louis Kalkowsky (1851–1938), who introduced the terms “Stromatolith” and “Ooid” to the earth science community in 1908.

Description / Table of Contents: Preface.- Data and Methods.- Population Norms for the EQ-5D --- Cross-Country Analysis of EQ-5D Data --- Socio-demographic Indicators based on EQ-5D --- Annex 1 --- Annex 2

Description / Table of Contents: The term biodiversity has become a mainstream concept that can be found in any newspaper at any given time. Concerns on biodiversity protection are usually linked to species protection and extinction risks for iconic species, such as whales, pandas and so on. However, conserving biodiversity has much deeper implications than preserving a few (although important) species. Biodiversity in ecosystems is tightly linked to ecosystem functions such as biomass production, organic matter decomposition, ecosystem resilience, and others. Many of these ecological processes are also directly implied in services that the humankind obtains from ecosystems. The first part of this book will introduce different concepts and theories important to understand the links between ecosystem function and ecosystem biodiversity. The second part of the book provides a wide range of different studies showcasing the evidence and practical implications of such relationships.

Description / Table of Contents: 1 Introduction: Overview of Our Research on Impacts of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident on Fish and Fishing Grounds --- Part I Seawater and Plankton --- 2 134Cs and 137Cs in the Seawater Around Japan and in the North Pacific --- 3 Temporal Changes in 137Cs Concentration in Zooplankton and Seawater off the Joban–Sanriku Coast, and in Sendai Bay, After the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Accident --- Part II Sediments and Benthos --- 4 Three-Dimensional Distribution of Radiocesium in Sea Sediment Derived from the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant --- 5 Radiocesium Concentrations in the Organic Fraction of Sea Sediments --- 6 Bottom Turbidity, Boundary Layer Dynamics, and Associated Transport of Suspended Particulate Materials off the Fukushima Coast --- 7 Investigation of Radiocesium Translation from Contaminated Sediment to Benthic Organisms --- Part III Marine Fish --- 8 Detection of 131I, 134Cs, and 137Cs Released into the Atmosphere from FNPP in Small Epipelagic Fishes, Japanese Sardine and Japanese Anchovy, off the Kanto Area, Japan --- 9 Radiocesium Concentration of Small Epipelagic Fishes (Sardine and Japanese Anchovy) off the Kashima-Boso Area --- 10 Why Do the Radionuclide Concentrations of Pacific Cod Depend on the Body Size? --- 11 Radiocesium Contamination Histories of Japanese Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) After the 2011 Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant Accident --- Part IV Mechanisms of Severe Contamination in Fish --- 12 Evaluating the Probability of Catching Fat Greenlings (Hexagrammos otakii) Highly Contaminated with Radiocesium off the Coast of Fukushima --- 13 Analysis of the Contamination Process of the Extremely Contaminated Fat Greenling by Fukushima-Derived Radioactive Material --- 14 Contamination Levels of Radioactive Cesium in Fat Greenling Caught at the Main Port of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant --- Part V Freshwater Systems --- 15 Comparison of Radioactive Cesium Contamination of Lake Water, Bottom Sediment, Plankton, and Freshwater Fish Among Lakes of Fukushima Prefecture, Japan, After the Fukushima Fallout --- 16 Radiocesium Concentrations and Body Size of Freshwater Fish in Lake Hayama 1 Year After the Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident --- 17 Spatiotemporal Monitoring of 134Cs and 137Cs in Ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis, a Microalgae-Grazing Fish, and in Their Freshwater Habitats in Fukushima --- 18 Radiocesium Concentrations in the Muscle and Eggs of Salmonids from Lake Chuzenji, Japan, After the Fukushima Fallout --- 19 Assessment of Radiocesium Accumulation by Hatchery-Reared Salmonids After the Fukushima Nuclear Accident

Description / Table of Contents: Foreword --- 1. Innovation for Marginalized Smallholder Farmers and Development: an Overview and Implications for Policy and Research --- Part 1 Innovation for the Rural Poor: Theory, Trends and Impacts --- 2. Institutional and technological innovations in polycentric systems –pathways for escaping marginality --- 3. Innovations for Food and Nutrition Security: Impacts and Trends --- 4. Psychology of Innovation: Innovating human psychology? --- 5. An optimization model for technology adoption of marginalized smallholders --- Part 2 Diversification of Agricultural Production and Income --- 6. The BRAC Approach to Small Farmers' Innovations --- 7. Agricultural Research and Extension Linkages in Amhara Region, Ethiopia --- 8. Transaction costs on the Ethiopian formal seed market and innovations for encouraging private sector investments --- 9. Agricultural Service Delivery Through Mobile Phone: Local innovations and Technological Opportunities in Kenya --- 10. Identification and Acceleration of Farmer Innovativeness in Upper East Ghana --- 11. Gender, social equity and innovations in smallholder farming systems: pitfalls and pathways --- 12. Assessing the Sustainability of Agricultural Technology Options for Poor Rural Farmers --- 13. Land Degradation and Sustainable Land Management Innovations in Central Asia --- 14. Biomass-based value web. A Novel Perspective for Emergng Bioeconomies in Sub-Saharan Africa --- Part 3 Sustainable Intensification of Agriculture --- 15. Adoption of Stress-tolerant Rice Varieties in Bangladesh --- 16. More than cereal based cropping innovations for improving food and livelihood security of poor small holders in marginal areas of Bangladesh --- 17. Integrated Rice-fish Farming System in Bangladesh: An Ex-Ante Value Chain Evaluation Framework --- 18. Technologies for Maize, Wheat, Rice and Pulses in Marginal Districts of Odisha and Bihar --- 19. Technological Innovations for Smallholder Farmers in Ghana --- 20. Potential impacts of yield increasing crop technologies on poverty reduction in two districts of Ethiopia

Description / Table of Contents: This Encyclopedia comprises the current knowledge in marine geosciences whereby not only basic but also applied and technical sciences are covered. Through this concept a broad scale of users in the field of marine sciences and techniques is addressed, from students and scholars in academia to engineers and decision makers in industry and politics. Globally growing demand of energy and mineral resources, reliable future projection of climate processes and the protection of coasts to mitigate the threats of disasters and hazards require a comprehensive understanding of the structure, ongoing processes and genesis of the marine geosphere. Beyond the “classical” research fields in marine geology in current time more general concepts have been evolved integrating marine geophysics, hydrography, marine biology, climatology and ecology. As an umbrella the term “marine geosciences” has been broadly accepted for this new complex field of research and the solutions of practical tasks in the marine realm.

Description / Table of Contents: 1. The Biodiversity Data Impediment to a Sustainable World (Working in a Networked World) --- 2. Essential Biodiversity Variables --- 3. Stratification and Terrestrial Ecosystem Observations --- 4. Ecosystem Services --- 5. Species Observations --- 6. Monitoring Changes in Genetic Diversity --- 7. Marine and Coastal Systems --- 8. Biodiversity Observations for Freshwater Ecosystems --- 9. Remote Sensing for Biodiversity --- 10. Involving Citizen Scientists in Biodiversity Observation --- 11. Biodiversity Modelling --- 12. Cyber-Architecture --- 13. Using Data for Decision-Making: From Observations To Indicators and Other Policy Tools --- 14. Capacity Building in Biodiversity Monitoring – Case Studies

Description / Table of Contents: Plant sciences research focuses predominantly on aboveground parameters. There is a scarcity of detailed information regarding the ecophysiology of root systems and the way root system functioning is affected by both internal and external factors. Furthermore, global climate change is expected to increase the intensity of climate extremes, such as severe drought, heat waves and periods of heavy rainfall; in addition other stresses such as salinization of soils are increasing world-wide. Recently an increasing awareness has developed that understanding plant traits will play a major role in breeding of future crop plants. For example, there is increasing evidence that the traits of root systems are defined by the properties of individual roots. However, further knowledge on the functional importance of root segments and the molecular/physiological mechanisms underlying root system functioning and persistence is needed, and would specifically allow modifying (crop) root system functionality and efficiency in the future. Another major gap in knowledge is localized at the root-soil interface and in regard to the potential adaptive plasticity of root-rhizosphere interactions under abiotic stress and/or competition. It is currently unknown whether adaptations in microbe communities occur, for example due to modified exudation rates, and what are the subsequent influences on nutrient mobilization and uptake. Furthermore, uncovering the mechanisms by which roots perceive neighboring roots may not only contribute to our understanding of plant developmental strategies, but also has important implications on the study of competitive interactions in natural communities, and in optimizing plant performance and resource use in agricultural and silvicultural systems. In this research topic, we aim to provide an on-line, open-access snapshot of the current state of the art of the field of root ecology and physiology, with special foci on the translation of root structure to function, and how root systems are influenced by interplay with internal and external factors such as abiotic stress, microbes and plant-plant interaction. We warmly welcome original research papers, but reviews of specific topics, articles formulating opinions or describing cutting-edge methods are also gladly accepted.

Description / Table of Contents: The “landscape Approach” is widely promoted as a way to reconcile biodiversity conservation with both commercial agriculture and local peoples’ demands for land. Landscape approaches imply a strong role for local communities in decision making and, therefore, local citizen science plays a role in determining landscape outcomes (Sayer et al., under review). Many claims and counter claims are made about the success and failure of local management in achieving good forest outcomes. There is significant uncertainty about the incentives for local people to manage forests for their global carbon storage and biodiversity values. Local people may be more concerned about immediate economic returns and less about the long term global environmental values of their forests. This Special Issue seeks to assemble papers that provide empirical evidence for the success of landscape and community managed initiatives to conserve biodiversity. We are seeking papers that report upon successful biodiversity conservation projects that have operated at a landscape scale and those that have been led by local communities. We are also interested in cases where these approaches were attempted but were less successful. Our ultimate goals is to identify the conditions under which these approaches have succeeded and those where they have been less successful.

Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: Introductory Chapter: Sea Urchin - Knowledge and Perspectives by Maria Agnello --- Chapter 2: Sea Urchin Covering Behavior: A Comparative Review by Morgan A. Ziegenhorn --- Chapter 3: Effects of Environmental Factors on Reproduction of the Sea Urchin Strongylocentrotus Intermedius by Peter M. Zhadan, Marina A. Vaschenko and Tatyana N. Almyashova --- Chapter 4: Morphological and Biochemical Profiles of the Gonadal Cycle in the Sea Urchin Paracentrotus lividus: Wild Type vs. Bred by Bernardetta Anna Tenuzzo, Elisabetta Carata, Stefania Mariano and Luciana Dini --- Chapter 5: Importance of Gamete Quality in Ecotoxicological Application: Natural versus Bred Population in Paracentrotus lividus by Sartori Davide, Lera Samantha, Silvia Giuliani, Simona Macchia, Lorenzo Morroni, David Pellegrini and Andrea Gaion --- Chapter 6: The Sea Urchin Embryo: A Model for Studying Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Human Diseases and for Testing Bioactive Compounds by Maria Di Bernardo and Marta Di Carlo

Description / Table of Contents: The deep subsurface is, in addition to space, one of the last unknown frontiers to human kind. A significant part of life on Earth resides in the deep subsurface, hiding great potential of microbial life of which we know only little. The conditions in the deep terrestrial subsurface are thought to resemble those of early Earth, which makes this environment an analog for studying early life in addition to possible extraterrestrial life in ultra-extreme conditions. Early microorganisms played a great role in shaping the conditions on the young Earth. Even today deep subsurface microorganisms interact with their geological environment transforming the conditions in the groundwater and on rock surfaces. Essential elements for life are richly present but in difficultly accessible form. The elements driving the microbial deep life is still not completely identified. Most of the microorganisms detected by novel molecular techniques still lack cultured representatives. Nevertheless, using modern sequencing techniques and bioinformatics the functional roles of these microorganisms are being revealed. We are starting to see the differences and similarities between the life in the deep subsurface and surface domains. We may even begin to see the function of evolution by comparing deep life to life closer to the surface of Earth. Deep life consists of organisms from all known domains of life. This Research Topic reveals some of the rich diversity and functional properties of the great biomass residing in the deep dark subsurface.

Description / Table of Contents: Editorial: Integrative Research on Organic Matter Cycling across Aquatic Gradients / Nicholas D. Ward. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2017.00131 --- Influence of Major Storm Events on the Quantity and Composition of Particulate Organic Matter and the Phytoplankton Community in a Subtropical Estuary, Texas / Nicolas E. Reyna, Amber K. Hardison and Zhanfei Liu. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2017.00043 --- The Fate of Carbon in Sediments of the Xingu and Tapajós Clearwater Rivers, Eastern Amazon / Dailson J. Bertassoli, André O. Sawakuchi, Henrique O. Sawakuchi, Fabiano N. Pupim, Gelvam A. Hartmann, Michael M. McGlue, Cristiano M. Chiessi, Matthias Zabel, Enno Schefuß, Tatiana S. Pereira, Rudney A. Santos, Samantha B. Faustino, Paulo E. Oliveira and Denise C. Bicudo. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2017.00044 --- Flux of Dissolved and Particulate Low-Temperature Pyrogenic Carbon from Two High-Latitude Rivers across the Spring Freshet Hydrograph / Allison N. Myers-Pigg, Patrick Louchouarn and Roman Teisserenc. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2017.00038 --- Environmental Drivers of Dissolved Organic Matter Molecular Composition in the Delaware Estuary / Helena Osterholz, David L. Kirchman, Jutta Niggemann and Thorsten Dittmar. doi: 10.3389/feart.2016.00095 --- Molecular and Optical Properties of Tree-Derived Dissolved Organic Matter in Throughfall and Stemflow from Live Oaks and Eastern Red Cedar / Aron Stubbins, Leticia M. Silva, Thorsten Dittmar and John T. Van Stan. doi: 10.3389/feart.2017.00022 --- Composition and Transformation of Dissolved Organic Matter in the Baltic Sea / Michael Seidel, Marcus Manecki, Daniel P. R. Herlemann, Barbara Deutsch, Detlef Schulz-Bull, Klaus Jürgens and Thorsten Dittmar. doi: 10.3389/feart.2017.00031 --- Evaluation of Primary Production in the Lower Amazon River Based on a Dissolved Oxygen Stable Isotopic Mass Balance / William C. Gagne-Maynard, Nicholas D. Ward, Richard G. Keil, Henrique O. Sawakuchi, Alan C. Da Cunha, Vania Neu, Daimio C. Brito, Diani F. Da Silva Less, Joel E. M. Diniz, Aline De Matos Valerio, Milton Kampel, Alex V. Krusche and Jeffrey E. Richey. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2017.00026 --- Surface Gradients in Dissolved Organic Matter Absorption and Fluorescence Properties along the New Zealand Sector of the Southern Ocean / Eurico J. D'Sa and Hyun-cheol Kim. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2017.00021 --- The Genesis and Exodus of Vascular Plant DOM from an Oak Woodland Landscape / Peter J. Hernes, Robert G. M. Spencer, Rachael Y. Dyda, Anthony T. O'Geen and Randy A. Dahlgren. doi: 10.3389/feart.2017.00009 --- Carbon Dioxide Emissions along the Lower Amazon River / Henrique O. Sawakuchi, Vania Neu, Nicholas D. Ward, Maria de Lourdes C. Barros, Aline M. Valerio, William Gagne-Maynard, Alan C. Cunha, Diani F. S. Less, Joel E. M. Diniz, Daimio C. Brito, Alex V. Krusche and Jeffrey E. Richey. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2017.00076 --- Short-Term Dissolved Organic Carbon Dynamics Reflect Tidal, Water Management, and Precipitation Patterns in a Subtropical Estuary / Peter Regier and Rudolf Jaffé. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2016.00250 --- Impact of Wetland Decline on Decreasing Dissolved Organic Carbon Concentrations along the Mississippi River Continuum / Shuiwang Duan, Yuxiang He, Sujay S. Kaushal, Thomas S. Bianchi, Nicholas D. Ward and Laodong Guo. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2016.00280 --- Microbially-Mediated Transformations of Estuarine Dissolved Organic Matter / Patricia M. Medeiros, Michael Seidel, Scott M. Gifford, Ford Ballantyne, Thorsten Dittmar, William B. Whitman and Mary Ann Moran. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2017.00069 --- Dissolved Organic and Inorganic Carbon Flow Paths in an Amazonian Transitional Forest / Vania Neu, Nicholas D. Ward, Alex V. Krusche and Christopher Neill. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2016.00114

Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: Roles of the Environment in Plant Life-History Trade-offs by Yang Liu, Jeffrey L. Walck and Yousry A. El-Kassaby --- Chapter 2: Decoding the Transcriptome of Rice Seed During Development by Arunima Mahto, Iny Elizebeth Mathew and Pinky Agarwal --- Chapter 3: Transcriptome (ESTs) of Avocado “Native” Mexicano Early Seed Development Shows Abundance of Regulatory, Antioxidant and Defense Genes by Luis María Suárez-Rodríguez, Fernando Sánchez-Albarrán, Huber León-Corona and Rodolfo López-Gómez --- Chapter 4: Identification and Mapping of Phosphorylated Isoforms of the Major Storage Protein of Potato Based on Two- Dimensional Electrophoresis by Javier Bernal, María López-Pedrouso, Daniel Franco, Susana Bravo, Lucio García and Carlos Zapata --- Chapter 5: Seed Dormancy by Mustafa Yildiz, Ramazan Beyaz, Mehtap Gursoy, Murat Aycan, Yusuf Koc and Mustafa Kayan --- Chapter 6: Characterization of Genotype by Planting Date Effects on Runner-Type Peanut Seed Germination and Vigor Response to Temperature by Timothy L. Grey, Charles Y. Chen, Russell Nuti, Walter Scott Monfort and George Cutts III --- Chapter 7: Impact of Conditions of Water Supply on the Germination of Tomato and Pepper Seeds by Yekaterina Shapira, Edward Bormashenko, Gene Whyman, Bat- Chen Lubin and Elyashiv Drori --- Chapter 8: Metabolic Processes During Seed Germination by Awatif S. Ali and Alaaeldin A. Elozeiri --- Chapter 9: Free Radicals and Antioxidant System in Seed Biology by Fadime Eryılmaz Pehlivan --- Chapter 10: Anatomical and Chemical Insights into the White Clover (Trifolium repens L.) Seed Coat Associated to Water Permeability by Alberto Aníbal Galussi and María Esther Moya --- Chapter 11: Morphological Studies on Seeds of Scrophulariaceae s.l. and Their Systematic Significance by Balkrishna Ghimire, Go Eun Choi, Hayan Lee, Kweon Heo and Mi Jin Jeong --- Chapter 12: Seed Transmission of Tobamoviruses: Aspects of Global Disease Distribution by Aviv Dombrovsky and Elisheva Smith --- Chapter 13: Biology of Seed Vigor in the Light of -omics Tools by Isaac Oludayo Daniel --- Chapter 14: The Potential of Garden Cress (Lepidium sativum L.) Seeds for Development of Functional Foods by Chandra Shekhar Singh and Vinod Kumar Paswan --- Chapter 15: Genetic Improvement of Oilseed Crops Using Modern Biotechnology by Diego Villanueva-Mejia and Javier Correa Alvarez --- Chapter 16: Application of Mechanics to Plant Seeds as a Granular or Particulate Material by Michal Petrů and Ivan Mašín

Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: Introductory Chapter: The Main Directions and Tasks of Pure and Applied Biogeography in Solving the Global Problems of Our Time by Levente Hufnagel --- Chapter 2: Are Historical Biogeographical Events Able to Promote Biological Diversification? by Julián A. Velasco --- Chapter 3: Ecological Responses to Climate Change at Biogeographical Boundaries by Melinda Pálinkás --- Chapter 4: A Synopsis of Global Mapping of Freshwater Habitats and Biodiversity: Implications for Conservation by Ryan A. McManamay, Natalie A. Griffiths, Christoper R. DeRolph and Brenda M. Pracheil --- Chapter 5: Plant Antiherbivore Defense in Diverse Environments by Alina Morquecho-Contreras, Carmen Zepeda-Gómez and Hermilo Sánchez-Sánchez --- Chapter 6: Vachellia (Acacia) karroo Communities in South Africa: An Overview by Mamokete Dingaan and Pieter J. du Preez --- Chapter 7: Ecological Biogeography of West Usambara Mountains: A Study on the Influence of Abiotic Factors to Spatial Distribution of Plant and Animal Species by Joel Loitu Meliyo, Kenneth F.G. Masuki, Balthazar M. Msanya, Didas N. Kimaro and Loth S. Mulungu

Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction --- Part I: Bioeconomy Concepts and Research Methods --- Chapter 2: Context --- Chapter 3: Bioeconomy concepts --- Chapter 4: Core principles --- Chapter 4: Inter- and Transdisciplinarity in the Bioeconomy --- Part II: Knowledge Base for Biobased Value Chains --- Chapter 5:Biobased Resources and Value Chains --- Chapter 6: Primary Production --- Chapter 7: Processing of Biobased Resources --- Chapter 8: Markets, Sustainability management and Entrepreneurship.- Part III: Transition to a Sustainable Bioeconomy --- Chapter9:  Modelling and Tools Supporting the Transition to a Bioeconomy --- Chapter 10: Environmental Economics, the Bioeconomy and the Role of Government --- Chapter 11: Economic Growth, Development, and Innovation – The Transformation towards a Knowledge-based Bioeconomy --- Chapter 12: The Bioeconomist

Description / Table of Contents: Introduction --- Gastrointestinal digestion models, general introduction --- Static digestion models general introduction --- InfoGest consensus method --- Approaches to static digestion models --- Dynamic digestion models general introduction --- The TNO gastro-Intestinal Model (TIM) --- Dynamic Gastric Model (DGM) --- Human Gastric Simulator (Riddet model) --- The DIDGI® System --- General introduction to cells, cell lines and cell culture --- Epithelial cell models; General introduction --- Caco-2 cell line --- HT29 cell line --- The IPEC-J2 cell line --- Co-cultivation of Caco-2 and HT-29MT --- Innate and adaptive immune cells; General introduction --- THP-1 and U937 cells --- Peripheral blood mononuclear cells --- PBMC-derived T cells --- Dendritic Cells --- Co-culture Caco-2/ immune cells --- Enteroendocrine Cell Models: General introduction --- STC-1 cells --- NCI-H716 cells --- Murine GLUTag cells --- In vitro intestinal tissue models: General introduction --- Intestinal crypt organoids as experimental models --- Porcine ex vivo intestinal segment model --- Ussing chamber --- In vitro fermentation models: General Introduction --- One compartment fermentation model --- The TNO in vitro model of the colon - TIM-2 --- The Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem – SHIME® --- The computer-controlled multicompartmental dynamic model of the gastrointestinal system SIMGI

Description / Table of Contents: Introduction --- Distribution and Phylogeny of Ranaviruses --- Host-pathogen Ecology and Evolution --- Molecular Biology of Ranaviruses --- Immune Evasion and Host Immunity --- Pathology and Diagnostics --- Design and Analysis of Ranavirus Studies --- Global Ranavirus Consortium

Description / Table of Contents: Foreword --- Preface --- Contributors --- Part I. The Nympalid Groundplan (NGP) and Diversification --- Chapter1:The common developmental origin of eyespots and parafocal elements;And a new model-mechanism for color pattern formation --- Chapter2:Exploring color pattern diversification in early lineages of Satyrinae (Nymphalidae) --- Chapter3:Camouflage variation on a theme of the Nymphalid Ground Plan --- Chapter4:Morphological evolution repeatedly caused by mutations in signaling ligand genes --- Part II. Eyespots and Evolution --- Chapter5:Physiology and evolution of wing pattern plasticity in Bicyclus butterflies: a critical review ofthe literature --- Chapter6:Spatial variation in boundary conditions can govern selection and location of eyespots inbutterfly wings --- Chapter7:Self-Similarity, Distortion Waves, and the Essence of Morphogenesis: A Generalized View ofColor Pattern Formation in Butterfly Wings --- Part III. Developmental Genetics --- Chapter8:A practical guide to CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing in Lepidoptera --- Chapter9:What can we learn about adaptation from the wing pattern genetics of Heliconiusbutterflies? --- Chapter10:Molecular mechanism and evolutionary process underlying female-limited Batesian mimicry in Papilio polytes --- Part IV. Ecological Aspects and Adaptation --- Chapter11:Chemical Ecology of Poisonous Butterflies: Model or Mimic?— A Paradox of Sexual Dimorphisms in Müllerian Mimicry --- Chapter12:A model for population dynamics of the mimetic butterfly Papilio polytesin Sakishima Islands, Japan (II) --- Chapter13:Evolutionary trends in phenotypic elements of seasonal forms of the tribe Junoniini(Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) --- Chapter14:Estimating the mating success of male butterflies in the field.-Part V. Color Patterns of Larva and Other Insects --- Chapter15:Molecular Mechanisms of Larval Color Pattern Switch in the Swallowtail Butterfly --- Chapter16:Drosophila guttifera as a model system for elucidating color pattern formation --- Chapter17:Molecular mechanisms underlying color vision and color formation in dragonflies

Description / Table of Contents: Introduction --- In vitro modeling of complex neurological diseases --- Aquatic model organisms in neurosciences : the genome editing revolution --- Genome-wide genetic screening in the mammalian CNS --- CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Knockin and Knockout in Zebrafish --- Dissecting the role of synaptic proteins with CRISPR --- Recurrently Breaking Genes in Neural Progenitors: Potential Roles of DNA Breaks in Neuronal Function, Degeneration and Cancer --- Neuroscience research using non-human primate models and genome editing --- Multiscale genome engineering: Genome-wide screens and targeted approaches --- Using Genome Engineering to Understand Huntington’s Disease --- Therapeutic gene editing in muscles and muscle stem cells

Description / Table of Contents: Part 1 Sperm Attraction, Activation and Acrosome Reaction --- 1 Sperm Chemotaxis: The First Authentication Events Between Conspecific Gametes Prior to Fertilization (Manabu Yoshida) --- 2 Respiratory CO2 Mediates Sperm Chemotaxis in Squids (Noritaka Hirohashi) --- 3 Specific Mechanism of Sperm Storage in Avian Oviducts (Tomohiro Sasanami) --- 4 Allurin: Exploring the Activity of a Frog Sperm Chemoattractant in Mammals (Douglas E. Chandler) --- 5 Structure, Function and Phylogenetic Consideration of Calaxin (Kazuo Inaba) --- 6 Cl- Channels and Transporters in Sperm Physiology (Alberto Darszon) --- 7 Equatorin-related Subcellular and Molecular Events During Sperm Priming for Fertilization in Mice (Kiyotaka Toshimori) --- 8 Acrosome Reaction-mediated Motility Initiation that is Critical for the Internal Fertilization of Urodele Amphibians (Akihiko Watanabe) --- 9 Analysis of the Mechanism that Brings Protein Disulfide Isomerase-P5 to Inhibit Oxidative Refolding of Lysozyme (Miho Miyakawa) --- Part 2 Gametogenesis, Gamete Recognition, Activation, and Evolution --- 10 Effect of Relaxin-like Gonad-Stimulating Substance (GSS) on Gamete Shedding and 1-Methyladenine Production in Starfish Ovaries (Masatoshi Mita) --- 11 Incapacity of 1-Methyladenine Production to Relaxin-like Gonad-Stimulating Substance (GSS) in Ca2+-free Seawater-treated Starfish Ovarian Follicle Cells (Masatoshi Mita) --- 12 Novel Isoform of Vitellogenin Expressed in Eggs is a Binding Partner of the Sperm Proteases, HrProacrosin and HrSermosin, in the Ascidian Halocynthia roretzi (Hitoshi Sawada) --- 13 Actin Cytoskeleton and Fertilization in Starfish Eggs (Luigia Santella) --- 14 Focused Proteomics on Egg Membrane Microdomains to Elucidate the Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Fertilization in the African Clawed Frog Xenopus laevis (Ken-ichi Sato) --- 15 Egg Activation in Polyspermy: Its Molecular Mechanisms and Evolution in Vertebrates (Yasuhiro Iwao ) --- 16 ATP Imaging in Xenopus laevis Oocyte (Takashi Ijiri) --- 17 Mitochondrial Activation and Nitric Oxide (NO) Release at Fertilization in Echinoderm Eggs (Tatsuma Mohri) --- 18 Functional Roles of Spe Genes in the Male Germline During Reproduction of Caenorhabditis elegans (Hitoshi Nishimura) --- 19 Origin of Female/Male Gender as Deduced by the Mating Type Loci of the Colonial Volvocalean Greens (Hisayoshi Nozaki) --- Part 3 Allorecognition in Male–Female Interaction --- 20 Allorecognition and Lysin Systems During Ascidian Fertilization (Hitoshi Sawada) --- 21 Self-incompatibility in the Brassicaceae (Megumi Iwano) --- 22 Signalling Events in Pollen Acceptance or Rejection in the Arabidopsis Species (Daphne R. Goring) --- 23 Papaver rhoeas S-Determinants and the Signaling Networks they Trigger (Vernonica E. Franklin-Tong ) --- 24 S-RNase-based Self-incompatibility in Petunia: A Complex Non-self Recognition System Between Pollen and Pistil (Teh-hui Kao) --- 25 Self-incompatibility System of Ipomoea trifida, a Wild-type Sweet Potato (Tohru Tsuchiya) --- Part 4 Male–Female Interaction and Gamete Fusion --- 26 Profiling the GCS1-based Gamete Fusion Mechanism (Toshiyuki Mori) --- 27 Fertilization Mechanisms of the Rodent Malarial Parasite Plasmodium berghei (Makoto Hirai) --- 28 Sexual Reproduction of a Unicellular Charophycean Alga, Closterium peracerosum-strogosum-littorale Complex (Hiroyuki Sekimoto) --- 29 Fertilization of Brown Algae: Flagellar Function in Phototaxis and Chemotaxis (Taizo Motomura ) --- 30 Gene and Protein Expression Profiles in Rice Gametes and Zygotes: A Cue for Understanding the Mechanisms of Gametic and Early Zygotic Development in Angiosperms (Takashi Okamoto) --- 31 Role of CD9 in Sperm-Egg Fusion and Virus-induced Cell Fusion in Mammals (Kenji Miyado) --- 32 The Mechanism of Sperm-Egg Fusion in Mouse and the Involvement of IZUMO1 (Naokazu Inoue) --- 33 A ZP2 Cleavage Model of Gamete Recognition and the Post-fertilization Block to Polyspermy (Jurrien Dean) --- 34 Involvement of Carbohydrate Residues of the Zona Pellucida in In Vitro Sperm Recognition in Pigs and Cattle (Naoto Yonezawa) --- Part 5 Organella, Proteolysis, and New Techniques --- 35 The Role of Peroxisomes in Plant Reproductive Processes (Shoji Mano) --- 36 Regulation of Vacuole-mediated Programmed Cell Death During Innate Immunity and Reproductive Development in Plants (Tomoko Koyano) --- 37 Sperm Proteasomes as a Putative Egg Coat Lysin in Mammals (Peter Sutovsky) --- 38 Germline Transformation in the Ascidian Ciona intestinalis (Yasunori Sasakura) --- BM Index.  

Description / Table of Contents: 1. A global outlook on urbanization --- 2. History of urbanization and the missing ecology --- 3. Urbanization and global trends in biodiversity and ecosystem services --- 4. Regional assessment of Asia.- 5. Sub-regional assessment of China: Urbanization in biodiversity hotspots --- 6. Sub-regional assessment of India --- 7. Local assessment of Bangalore.- 8. Local assessment of Tokyo --- 9. Local assessment of Shanghai --- 10. Patterns and trends in urban biodiversity and landscape design --- 11. Urban ecosystem services.- 12. Shrinking cities, biodiversity and ecosystem services --- 13. Regional assessments of Europe --- 14. Regional assessment of North America --- 15. Regional assessment of Oceania --- 16. Local assessment of Istanbul: Biodiversity and ecosystem services --- 17. Local assessment of Stockholm --- 18. Local assessment of Chicago --- 19. Local assessment of New York City.-20. Local assessment of Melbourne --- 21. A synthesis of global urbanization projections --- 22. Urbanization forecasts, effects on land use, biodiversity, and ecosystem services --- 23. Regional assessment of Africa --- 24. Local assessment of Cape Town.- 25. Climate change and urban biodiversity vulnerability --- 26. Feeding cities --- 27. Urban governance of biodiversity and ecosystem services --- 28. Regional assessment of Latin America --- 29. Local assessment of Rio de Janeiro.- 30. Urban landscapes as learning arenas for biodiversity and ecosystem services management --- 31. Restoration ecology in an urbanizing world --- 32. Indicators for management of urban biodiversity and ecosystem services --- 33. Stewardship of the Biosphere in the Urban Era

Description / Table of Contents: The International Symposium on Hearing is a prestigious,triennial gathering where world-class scientists present and discuss the most recent advances in the field of human and animal hearing research. The 2015 edition will particularly focus on integrative approaches linking physiological, psychophysical and cognitive aspects of normal and impaired hearing. Like previous editions, the proceedings will contain about 50 chapters ranging from basic to applied research, and of interest to neuroscientists, psychologists, audiologists, engineers, otolaryngologists, and artificial intelligent researchers

Description / Table of Contents: Phylogenetics and conservation biology: drawing a path into the diversity of life --- The value of phylogenetic diversity --- The PD phylogenetic diversity framework: linking evolutionary history to feature diversity for biodiversity conservation --- Reconsidering the loss of evolutionary history: how does non-random extinction prune the tree-of-life?- Phylogenetics and conservation in New Zealand: the long and the short of it --- What is the meaning of extreme phylogenetic diversity? The case of phylogenetic relict species --- Using phylogenetic dissimilarities among sites for biodiversity assessments and conservation --- Phylogenetic diversity measures and their decomposition: a framework based on hill numbers --- Split diversity: measuring and optimizing biodiversity using phylogenetic split networks --- The rarefaction of phylogenetic diversity: formulation, extension and application --- Support in area prioritization using phylogenetic information --- Assessing hotspots of evolutionary history with data from multiple phylogenies: an analysis of endemic clades from New Caledonia --- Representing hotspots of evolutionary history in systematic conservation planning for European mammals --- Priorities for conservation of the evolutionary history of amphibians in the cerrado --- Global spatial analyses of phylogenetic conservation priorities for aquatic mammals --- Metapopulation capacity meets evolutionary distinctness: spatial fragmentation complements phylogenetic rarity in prioritization. - Patterns of species, phylogenetic and mimicry diversity of clearwing butterflies in the Neotropics --- Conservation of phylogenetic diversity in Madagascar’s largest endemic plant family, Sarcolaenaceae --- The future of phylogenetic systematics in conservation biology: linking biodiversity and society

Description / Table of Contents: Hippocampal mechanisms for the segmentation of space by goals and boundaries --- Cortical Evolution: Introduction to the Reptilian Cortex --- Flow of information underlying a tactile decision in mice --- The Visual Brain: Computing through Multiscale Complexity --- Grid cells and spatial maps in entorhinal cortex and hippocampus --- The striatum and decision-making based on value --- Decoding the dynamics of conscious perception: The temporal generalization method --- Sleep and synaptic down-selection --- Federating and integrating what we know about the brain at all scales - a challenge for the future. Computer science meets the clinical neurosciences

Description / Table of Contents: 1. Impacts of Climate Change and Climate Variability on Wildlife Resources in Southern Africa: Experience from Selected Protected Areas in Zimbabwe / By Olga L. Kupika, Edson Gandiwa, Shakkie Kativu and Godwell Nhamo --- 2. Biological Conservation and Nature Protection Strategies in Spanish Atlantic Region / By Javier Ferreiro da Costa and Pablo Ramil-Rego --- 3. Methods for Biodiversity Assessment: Case Study in an Area of Atlantic Forest in Southern Brazil / By Maria Raquel Kanieski, Solon Jonas Longhi and Philipe Ricardo Casemiro Soares --- 4. Seabed Biodiversity Shifts Identify Climate Regimes: The 2011 Climate Regime Shift and Associated Cascades / By Jeffrey B. Marliave, Donna M. Gibbs, Laura A. Borden and Charles J. Gibbs --- 5. Safeguarding Marine Biodiversity in a Changing World: Maltese Small-Scale Fisheries and Alien Species / By Adriana Vella and Noel Vella --- 6. Biodiversity of Amphipoda Talitridae in Tunisian Wetlands / By Jelassi Raja, Khemaissia Hajer and Nasri-Ammar Karima --- 7. Biodiversity Restoration and Renewable Energy from Hydropower: Conflict or Synergy? / By Wondmagegn Tafesse Tirkaso, Ing‐Marie Gren, Leonard Sandin, Joel Segersten, David Spjut and Erik Degerman --- 8. Determinants of Orchid Occurrence: A Czech Example / By Zuzana Štípková, Kristina Kosánová, Dušan Romportl and Pavel Kindlmann --- 9. Dark-Colored Forest Bee Apis mellifera in Siberia, Russia: Current State and Conservation of Populations / By Nadezhda V. Ostroverkhova, Aksana N. Kucher, Olga L. Konusova, Ekaterina S. Gushchina, Vadim V. Yartsev and Yury L. Pogorelov --- 10. Integration of Ecological and Socioeconomic Factors in Securing Wildlife Dispersal Corridors in the Kavango-Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area, Southern Africa / By Simon M. Munthali, Nicholas Smart, Victor Siamudaala, Morris Mtsambiwa and Eleanor Harvie --- 11. Usefulness of Plant Biodiversity in the Cities of Togo / By Radji Raoufou and Kokou Kouami --- 12. Towards an Integrative Taxonomy of the Genus Alstroemeria (Alstroemeriaceae) in Chile: A Comprehensive Review / By Victor L. Finot, Carlos M. Baeza, Eduardo Ruiz, Oscar Toro and Pedro Carrasco --- 13. Ecosystem Services Provided by the Little Things That Run the World / By Olga Maria Correia Chitas Ameixa, António Onofre Soares, Amadeu M.V.M. Soares and Ana I. Lillebø --- 14. Commercial Harvesting of Marula (Sclerocarya Birrea) in Swaziland: A Quest for Sustainability / By Alfred Francis Murye and André J. Pelser --- 15. Synopsis of Mangle Species in Mexico / By Basáñez Muñoz Agustín de Jesús, Serrano Solis Arturo, Martínez Cortés Esmeralda, Cuervo López Liliana, Capistrán Barradas Ascención and Naval Ávila Celina --- 16. Positive Rules Can Lead to Positive Behaviours: Students’ Perceptions of Messages on Information Boards in Protected Areas / By Gregor Torkar, Saša Mezek and Janez Jerman --- 17. Prey Selection of Pseudorasbora parva (Temminck and Schlegel, 1846) in a Freshwater Ecosystem (Lake Eğirdir/Turkey) / By Meral Apaydin Yağci, Ahmet Alp, Abdulkadir Yağci, Vedat Yeğen and Mehmet Ali Turan Koçer --- 18. Importance of Underutilized Field Crops for Increasing Functional Biodiversity / By Franc Bavec, Urška Lisec and Martina Bavec

Description / Table of Contents: Visitors to the Arctic enter places that have been traditionally imagined as otherworldly. This strangeness fascinated audiences in nineteenth-century Britain when the idea of the heroic explorer voyaging through unmapped zones reached its zenith. The Spectral Arctic re-thinks our understanding of Arctic exploration by paying attention to the importance of dreams and ghosts in the quest for the Northwest Passage.The narratives of Arctic exploration that we are all familiar with today are just the tip of the iceberg: they disguise a great mass of mysterious and dimly lit stories beneath the surface. In contrast to oft-told tales of heroism and disaster, this book reveals the hidden stories of dreaming and haunted explorers, of frozen mummies, of rescue balloons, visits to Inuit shamans, and of the entranced female clairvoyants who travelled to the Arctic in search of John Franklin’s lost expedition. Through new readings of archival documents, exploration narratives, and fictional texts, these spectral stories reflect the complex ways that men and women actually thought about the far North in the past. This revisionist historical account allows us to make sense of current cultural and political concerns in the Canadian Arctic about the location of Franklin’s ships.

Description / Table of Contents: Bats in the Anthropocene --- Urbanisation and its effects on bats – a global meta-analysis --- Bats and roads --- Responses of tropical bats to habitat fragmentation, logging, and deforestation --- Insectivorous bats and silviculture: balancing timber production and bat conservation --- Bats in the anthropogenic matrix: Challenges and opportunities for the conservation of Chiroptera and their ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes --- Dark matters: the effects of artificial lighting on bats --- Bats and water: anthropogenic alterations threaten global bat populations --- White-nose syndrome in bats --- Zoonotic viruses and conservation of bats --- Impacts of Wind Energy Development on Bats: a Global Perspective --- Exploitation of Bats for Bushmeat and Medicine --- The conflict between pteropodid bats and fruit growers: species, legislation and mitigation --- Bats and buildings: The conservation of synanthropic bats --- Conservation ecology of cave bats --- The roles of taxonomy and systematics in bat conservation --- Networking networks for global bat conservation --- Cute, Creepy, or Crispy – how values, attitudes and norms shape human behavior toward bats. 

Description / Table of Contents: Foreword --- 1. Innovation for Marginalized Smallholder Farmers and Development: an Overview and Implications for Policy and Research --- Part 1 Innovation for the Rural Poor: Theory, Trends and Impacts --- 2. Institutional and technological innovations in polycentric systems –pathways for escaping marginality --- 3. Innovations for Food and Nutrition Security: Impacts and Trends --- 4. Psychology of Innovation: Innovating human psychology? --- 5. An optimization model for technology adoption of marginalized smallholders --- Part 2 Diversification of Agricultural Production and Income --- 6. The BRAC Approach to Small Farmers' Innovations --- 7. Agricultural Research and Extension Linkages in Amhara Region, Ethiopia --- 8. Transaction costs on the Ethiopian formal seed market and innovations for encouraging private sector investments --- 9. Agricultural Service Delivery Through Mobile Phone: Local innovations and Technological Opportunities in Kenya --- 10. Identification and Acceleration of Farmer Innovativeness in Upper East Ghana --- 11. Gender, social equity and innovations in smallholder farming systems: pitfalls and pathways --- 12. Assessing the Sustainability of Agricultural Technology Options for Poor Rural Farmers --- 13. Land Degradation and Sustainable Land Management Innovations in Central Asia --- 14. Biomass-based value web. A Novel Perspective for Emergng Bioeconomies in Sub-Saharan Africa --- Part 3 Sustainable Intensification of Agriculture --- 15. Adoption of Stress-tolerant Rice Varieties in Bangladesh --- 16. More than cereal based cropping innovations for improving food and livelihood security of poor small holders in marginal areas of Bangladesh --- 17. Integrated Rice-fish Farming System in Bangladesh: An Ex-Ante Value Chain Evaluation Framework --- 18. Technologies for Maize, Wheat, Rice and Pulses in Marginal Districts of Odisha and Bihar --- 19. Technological Innovations for Smallholder Farmers in Ghana --- 20. Potential impacts of yield increasing crop technologies on poverty reduction in two districts of Ethiopia

Description / Table of Contents: 1. The Biodiversity Data Impediment to a Sustainable World (Working in a Networked World) --- 2. Essential Biodiversity Variables --- 3. Stratification and Terrestrial Ecosystem Observations --- 4. Ecosystem Services --- 5. Species Observations --- 6. Monitoring Changes in Genetic Diversity --- 7. Marine and Coastal Systems --- 8. Biodiversity Observations for Freshwater Ecosystems --- 9. Remote Sensing for Biodiversity --- 10. Involving Citizen Scientists in Biodiversity Observation --- 11. Biodiversity Modelling --- 12. Cyber-Architecture --- 13. Using Data for Decision-Making: From Observations To Indicators and Other Policy Tools --- 14. Capacity Building in Biodiversity Monitoring – Case Studies

Description / Table of Contents: A brief overview of techniques for modulating neuroendocrine and other neural systems --- Basics of stem cell biology as applied to the brain --- Human pluripotent-derived lineages for repairing hypopituitarism --- Recapitulating hypothalamus and pituitary development using ES/iPS cells --- Regulation of body weight and metabolism by tanycyte-derived neurogenesis in young adult mice --- Genetic dissection of the neuroendocrine and behavioral responses to stressful challenges --- Pituitary stem cells: quest for hidden functions --- Pituitary stem cells during normal physiology and disease --- Epigenetic mechanisms of pituitary cell fate specification --- Advances in stem cells biology: new approaches to understand depression --- Perspective on stem cells in developmental biology, with special reference to neuroendocrine systems.

Description / Table of Contents: Retention Requirements for Alpine Ski Bindings --- Helmet Use and Self-Reported Risk Taking in Skiing and Snowboarding --- Evaluating the Performance of Helmet Linings Incorporating Fluid Channels --- Polarizing Filters in Ski Sports --- Emergency Release for Winter Sports Equipment --- Analyzing the Riding Behavior of Recreational Skiers and Snowboarders --- Reaction Times of Skiers and Snowboarders --- Gender-Specific Effects of Smoking and Alcohol Consumption on the Risk of Falling in Downhill Skiers --- Hydration Packs Modify Professional Skiers Hydration Levels in All Day Skiing: A Randomized Controlled Trial --- Are ACL Injuries Related to Perceived Fatigue in Female Skiers? --- Aging Trends in Alpine Skiing --- Skiing and Boarding Injuries on Norwegian Slopes during Two Winter Seasons --- Skiing and Snowboarding Injuries in the Czech Republic in Winter Seasons 2003–2008 --- Relative Motion of ACL Insertion Points In Vivo: A Case Study, Including Skiing Maneuvers --- Jumper Kinematics on Terrain Park Jumps: Relationship between Takeoff Speed and Distance Traveled --- Reaction Forces and Moments in Carved Turns

Description / Table of Contents: FOREWORD --- 2. GENERAL INTRODUCTION --- 2.1. Background analysis --- 2.2. Migratory Birds and HPAI --- 2.3. Using SIA to understand the dissemination of HPAI – The way ahead! --- 3. ANIMAL MIGRATION TRACKING METHODS --- 3.1. Extrinsic Markers --- 3.2. Intrinsic Markers --- 3.3. The Stable Isotopes of Water on a Spatial Scale --- 3.4. Deriving isoscapes in the absence of GNIP data --- 3.5. Use of Stable Isotopes in Migration Studies --- 3.6. Approaches for Determining Migratory Connectivity --- 4. PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS --- 4.1. Sample Collection and Tissue Preparation --- 4.2. Other Stable Isotopes for Migration Research --- 5. REFERENCES

Description / Table of Contents: Introduction --- Objectives --- Protocol for measuring soil salinity --- Protocol for screening for salt tolerance in rice --- Protocol for screening for salt tolerance in barley and wheat.  

Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction --- 2. Biology of leptocephali --- 2-1. Developmental stages --- 2-2. Morphological features --- 2-3. Sensory organs --- 2-4. Feeding ecology --- 2-5. Physiology and energetics --- 2-6. Growth of leptocephali --- 2-7. Metamorphosis --- 2-8. Swimming behavior --- 3. Zoogeography of leptocephali --- 3-1. Taxonomic groups of eels --- 3-2. Spawning areas of eels --- 3-3. Distribution and abundance of leptocephali --- 3-4. Seasonal occurrence of leptocephali --- 4. Ecology of leptocephali --- 4-1. Depth distribution and vertical migration --- 4-2. Survival and predation --- 4-3. Recruitment behavior --- 5. General discussion and future perspectives --- 5-1. Biology of leptocephali --- 5-2. Leptocephalus growth --- 5-3. Zoogeography and diversity of leptocephali --- 5-4. The leptocephalus larval strategy --- 5-5. Oceanic changes and leptocephalus recruitment --- 5-6. Ecological significance of leptocephali in the surface layer --- 5-7. Future research perspectives

Description / Table of Contents: 1. General introduction --- 2. Morphological development of sensory and swimming organs and the central nervous system in the striped jack --- 2-1. Introduction --- 2-2. Materials and methods --- 2-2A. Materials --- 2-2B. Morphology --- 2-2C. Histology of eye, lateral line, muscle, bone and the central nervous system --- 2-3. Results --- 2-3A. Morphology --- 2-3B. Relative growth --- 2-3C. Ossification --- 2-3D. Muscle --- 2-3E. Eye --- 2-3F. Cephalic and trunk lateral lines --- 2-3G. The central nervous system --- 2-4. Discussion --- 2-4A. Morphological development related to swimming ability --- 2-4B. Development of sensory organs --- 2-4C. Development of the central nervous system --- 3. Ontogeny of schooling behavior and other behavioral traits in the striped jack --- 3-1. Introduction --- 3-2. Materials and methods --- 3-2A. Phototaxis --- 3-2B. Rheotaxis --- 3-2C. Optokinetic response --- 3-2D. Schooling behavior --- 3-2E. Association with floating objects --- 3-3. Results --- 3-3A. Phototaxis --- 3-3B. Rheotaxis --- 3-3C. Optokinetic response --- 3-3D. Schooling behavior --- 3-3E. Association behavior --- 3-4. Discussion --- 3-4A. Development of taxis in relation to sensory and swimming organs --- 3-4B. Ecological speculations on survival strategy and migratory behavior --- 4. Critical involvement of the central nervous system for the development of schooling behavior revealed by docosahexaenoic acid deficiency experiments --- 4-1. Introduction --- 4-2. Materials and methods --- 4-2A. Effect of dietary DHA on the growth, survival, and brain development in the striped jack --- 4-2B. Effect of dietary condition on behavior --- 4-2C. Incorporation of DHA into the central nervous system --- 4-3. Results --- 4-3A. Effect of dietary DHA on the growth, survival, and brain development in the striped jack --- 4-3B. Effect of dietary condition on the schooling behavior of yellowtail --- 4-3C. Incorporation of DHA into the central nervous system in the yellowtail --- 4-4. Discussion --- 5. Ontogeny of association behavior between jack mackerel and jellyfish --- 5-1. Introduction --- 5-2. Materials and methods --- 5-2A. Feeding on jellyfish --- 5-2B. Utilization of jellyfish as a prey collector --- 5-2C. Utilization of jellyfish as a refuge from predators --- 5-2D. Ontogenetic changes in the function of association between jack mackerel and jellyfish --- 5-2E. Underwater observation of fish assemblages associated with jellyfish --- 5-3. Results --- 5-3A. Feeding on jellyfish --- 5-3B. Utilization of jellyfish as a prey collector --- 5-3C. Utilization of jellyfish as a refuge from predators --- 5-3D. Ontogenetic changes of the function of association between jack mackerel and jellyfish --- 5-3E. Underwater observation of fish assemblages associated with jellyfish --- 5-4. Discussion --- 5-4A. Ontogeny of function in the association behavior of jack mackerel with jellyfish --- 5-4B. Ontogeny of mechanisms in associating with jellyfish --- 6. Behavioral ontogeny of common pelagic fishes with reference to the population replacement --- 6-1. Introduction --- 6-2. Materials and methods --- 6-2A. Fish husbandry --- 6-2B. Swimming speed --- 6-2C. Anti-predator performance --- 6-3. Results --- 6-3A. Growth --- 6-3B. Swimming speed and anti-predator performance --- 6-4. Discussion --- 6-4A. Growth performance of hatchery-reared pelagic fish larvae and comparison to wild conspecifics --- 6-4B. Swimming speeds in the context of feeding ecology --- 6-4C. Inter-specific difference of the ontogeny of anti-predator performance --- 6-4D. Environmental factors as a driving force of population replacement --- 7. General discussion: Towards the sustainable management of fisheries resources --- 7-1. Implications of ontogenetic study for the fisheries resource management --- 7-2. Perspectives for the sustainable management in fisheries resources

Description / Table of Contents: Der Band führt den Grund- und Aufbaukurs der Mathematischen Grundlagen für Biologie und Geowissenschaft zusammen und stellt zahlreiche neue Übungsaufgaben vor. Die vorliegende Bearbeitung der Vorlesung und der Übungsaufgaben soll die Studierenden anregen, über mathematische Probleme nachzudenken, und sie in die Lage versetzen, bei Bedarf weitergehende Fachbuchliteratur studieren zu können.

Description / Table of Contents: Part 1 Sperm Attraction, Activation and Acrosome Reaction --- 1 Sperm Chemotaxis: The First Authentication Events Between Conspecific Gametes Prior to Fertilization (Manabu Yoshida) --- 2 Respiratory CO2 Mediates Sperm Chemotaxis in Squids (Noritaka Hirohashi) --- 3 Specific Mechanism of Sperm Storage in Avian Oviducts (Tomohiro Sasanami) --- 4 Allurin: Exploring the Activity of a Frog Sperm Chemoattractant in Mammals (Douglas E. Chandler) --- 5 Structure, Function and Phylogenetic Consideration of Calaxin (Kazuo Inaba) --- 6 Cl- Channels and Transporters in Sperm Physiology (Alberto Darszon) --- 7 Equatorin-related Subcellular and Molecular Events During Sperm Priming for Fertilization in Mice (Kiyotaka Toshimori) --- 8 Acrosome Reaction-mediated Motility Initiation that is Critical for the Internal Fertilization of Urodele Amphibians (Akihiko Watanabe) --- 9 Analysis of the Mechanism that Brings Protein Disulfide Isomerase-P5 to Inhibit Oxidative Refolding of Lysozyme (Miho Miyakawa) --- Part 2 Gametogenesis, Gamete Recognition, Activation, and Evolution --- 10 Effect of Relaxin-like Gonad-Stimulating Substance (GSS) on Gamete Shedding and 1-Methyladenine Production in Starfish Ovaries (Masatoshi Mita) --- 11 Incapacity of 1-Methyladenine Production to Relaxin-like Gonad-Stimulating Substance (GSS) in Ca2+-free Seawater-treated Starfish Ovarian Follicle Cells (Masatoshi Mita) --- 12 Novel Isoform of Vitellogenin Expressed in Eggs is a Binding Partner of the Sperm Proteases, HrProacrosin and HrSermosin, in the Ascidian Halocynthia roretzi (Hitoshi Sawada) --- 13 Actin Cytoskeleton and Fertilization in Starfish Eggs (Luigia Santella) --- 14 Focused Proteomics on Egg Membrane Microdomains to Elucidate the Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Fertilization in the African Clawed Frog Xenopus laevis (Ken-ichi Sato) --- 15 Egg Activation in Polyspermy: Its Molecular Mechanisms and Evolution in Vertebrates (Yasuhiro Iwao ) --- 16 ATP Imaging in Xenopus laevis Oocyte (Takashi Ijiri) --- 17 Mitochondrial Activation and Nitric Oxide (NO) Release at Fertilization in Echinoderm Eggs (Tatsuma Mohri) --- 18 Functional Roles of Spe Genes in the Male Germline During Reproduction of Caenorhabditis elegans (Hitoshi Nishimura) --- 19 Origin of Female/Male Gender as Deduced by the Mating Type Loci of the Colonial Volvocalean Greens (Hisayoshi Nozaki) --- Part 3 Allorecognition in Male–Female Interaction --- 20 Allorecognition and Lysin Systems During Ascidian Fertilization (Hitoshi Sawada) --- 21 Self-incompatibility in the Brassicaceae (Megumi Iwano) --- 22 Signalling Events in Pollen Acceptance or Rejection in the Arabidopsis Species (Daphne R. Goring) --- 23 Papaver rhoeas S-Determinants and the Signaling Networks they Trigger (Vernonica E. Franklin-Tong ) --- 24 S-RNase-based Self-incompatibility in Petunia: A Complex Non-self Recognition System Between Pollen and Pistil (Teh-hui Kao) --- 25 Self-incompatibility System of Ipomoea trifida, a Wild-type Sweet Potato (Tohru Tsuchiya) --- Part 4 Male–Female Interaction and Gamete Fusion --- 26 Profiling the GCS1-based Gamete Fusion Mechanism (Toshiyuki Mori) --- 27 Fertilization Mechanisms of the Rodent Malarial Parasite Plasmodium berghei (Makoto Hirai) --- 28 Sexual Reproduction of a Unicellular Charophycean Alga, Closterium peracerosum-strogosum-littorale Complex (Hiroyuki Sekimoto) --- 29 Fertilization of Brown Algae: Flagellar Function in Phototaxis and Chemotaxis (Taizo Motomura ) --- 30 Gene and Protein Expression Profiles in Rice Gametes and Zygotes: A Cue for Understanding the Mechanisms of Gametic and Early Zygotic Development in Angiosperms (Takashi Okamoto) --- 31 Role of CD9 in Sperm-Egg Fusion and Virus-induced Cell Fusion in Mammals (Kenji Miyado) --- 32 The Mechanism of Sperm-Egg Fusion in Mouse and the Involvement of IZUMO1 (Naokazu Inoue) --- 33 A ZP2 Cleavage Model of Gamete Recognition and the Post-fertilization Block to Polyspermy (Jurrien Dean) --- 34 Involvement of Carbohydrate Residues of the Zona Pellucida in In Vitro Sperm Recognition in Pigs and Cattle (Naoto Yonezawa) --- Part 5 Organella, Proteolysis, and New Techniques --- 35 The Role of Peroxisomes in Plant Reproductive Processes (Shoji Mano) --- 36 Regulation of Vacuole-mediated Programmed Cell Death During Innate Immunity and Reproductive Development in Plants (Tomoko Koyano) --- 37 Sperm Proteasomes as a Putative Egg Coat Lysin in Mammals (Peter Sutovsky) --- 38 Germline Transformation in the Ascidian Ciona intestinalis (Yasunori Sasakura) --- BM Index.  

Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: Chitosan as Source for Pesticide Formulations by Sebastián D. Ippólito, Julieta R. Mendieta, María C. Terrile, Claudia V. Tonón, Andrea Y. Mansilla, Silvana Colman, Liliana Albertengo, María S. Rodríguez and Claudia A. Casalongué --- Chapter 2: Chitosan in Agriculture: A New Challenge for Managing Plant Disease by Laura Orzali, Beatrice Corsi, Cinzia Forni and Luca Riccioni --- Chapter 3: Chitosan from Marine Crustaceans: Production, Characterization and Applications by Jimena Bernadette Dima, Cynthia Sequeiros and Noemi Zaritzky --- Chapter 4: Alginate and Sericin: Environmental and Pharmaceutical Applications by Thiago Lopes da Silva, Jacyara Moreira Martins Vidart, Meuris Gurgel Carlos da Silva, Marcelino Luiz Gimenes and Melissa Gurgel Adeodato Vieira --- Chapter 5: Chitosan, Chitosan Derivatives and their Biomedical Applications by Gustavo Adolfo Muñoz Ruiz and Hector Fabio Zuluaga Corrales --- Chapter 6: Chitosan: Strategies to Increase and Modulate Drug Release Rate by David Lucio and María Cristina Martínez-Ohárriz --- Chapter 7: Marine Polysaccharides as Multifunctional Pharmaceutical Excipients by G. Thirumurugan and M.D. Dhanaraju --- Chapter 8: Speculations on the Use of Marine Polysaccharides as Scaffolds for Artificial Nerve ‘Side-’Grafts by Sherif M. Amr and Basma Ekram --- Chapter 9: Marine Polysaccharides in Medicine by Rajendra S. Dongre --- Chapter 10: Applications of Chitosan in Wastewater Treatment by Petronela Nechita --- Chapter 11: Flow Properties of Lambda Carrageenan in Aqueous Systems by Andrea Rivera del Rio, Mariana Ramírez-Gilly and Alberto Tecante --- Chapter 12: Chitosan-Based Sustainable Textile Technology: Process, Mechanism, Innovation, and Safety by Jagadish Roy, Fabien Salaün, Stéphane Giraud, Ada Ferri and Jinping Guan --- Chapter 13: Chitosan-Based Thermosensitive Materials by Waldo Argüelles-Monal, Maricarmen Recillas-Mota and Daniel Fernández-Quiroz --- Chapter 14: Chitosan and Phthaloylated Chitosan in Electrochemical Devices by Zurina Osman and Abdul Kariem Arof

Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: Steady-State Modeling of Equilibrium Distillation by Vilmar Steffen and Edson Antonio da Silva --- Chapter 2: Short-Cut Methods for Multicomponent Batch Distillation by A. Narváez-García, J.C. Zavala-Loría, A. Ruiz-Marín and Y. Canedo- López --- Chapter 3: Mathematical Modelling of Batch Distillation Columns: A Comparative Analysis of Non-Linear and Fuzzy Models by Adriana del Carmen Téllez-Anguiano, Mario Heras-Cervantes, Juan Anzurez-Marín, Gerardo Marx Chávez-Campos and José Antonio Gutiérrez Gnecchi --- Chapter 4: Distillation: Basic Test in Quality Control of Automotive Fuels by Ma Mercedes del Coro Fernández-Feal, Luis R. Sánchez-Fernández and Blanca Sánchez-Fernández --- Chapter 5: Enhanced Distillation Under Infrared Characteristic Radiation by Kuo-Ting Wang, M. Quinn Brewster and Wei-Hsiang Lai --- Chapter 6: Distillation Techniques in the Fruit Spirits Production by Nermina Spaho --- Chapter 7: Fractional Distillation of Organic Liquid Compounds Produced by Catalytic Cracking of Fats, Oils, and Grease by C. C. Fereira, E. C. Costa, D. A. R. de Castro, M. S. Pereira, A. A. Mâncio, M. C. Santos, D. E. L. Lhamas, S. A. P. da Mota, M. E. Araújo, Luiz E. P. Borges and N. T. Machado --- Chapter 8: Energy Evaluation of the Use of an Absorption Heat Pump in Water Distillation Process by Rosenberg J. Romero and Sotsil Silva-Sotelo --- Chapter 9: Solar Membrane Distillation: Use of a Helically Coiled Fiber by Adel Zrelli

Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: Membrane Thermodynamics for Osmotic Phenomena by Albert S. Kim and Heyon-Ju Kim --- Chapter 2: Pulsating Flow Effects on Hydrodynamics in a Desalination Membrane Filled with Spacers by Armando A. Soares, João Silva, Eliseu Monteiro and Abel Rouboa --- Chapter 3: Desalination: A Means of Increasing Irrigation Water Sources for Sustainable Crop Production by OrevaOghene Aliku --- Chapter 4: Application of Multilayer Thin Film Technology in Desalination Membrane by Syed Javaid Zaidi and Farid Fadhillah --- Chapter 5: Phase Equilibria and Phase Separation of the Aqueous Solution System Containing Lithium Ions by Long Li, Yafei Guo and Tianlong Deng --- Chapter 6: Marmara Seawater Desalination by Membrane Distillation: Direct Consumption Assessment of Produced Drinking Water by Coskun Aydiner, Derya Y. Koseoglu Imer, Salim Oncel, Esra Can Dogan, Ali Oguzhan Narci, Serif Cakmak, Tugba Nur Yilmaz, Emin Ender Celebi and Yasemin Melek Tilki --- Chapter 7: On the Purification of Agro-Industrial Wastewater by Membrane Technologies: The Case of Olive Mill Effluents by Javier Miguel Ochando-Pulido and Antonio Martinez-Ferez --- Chapter 8: Solar Thermal-Driven Desalination Pursuing Products of Pure Water and Salts and Leaving Minimum Impact to Environment by Ben Xu, Peiwen Li and Penghua Guo --- Chapter 9: Responding to Water Challenges Through Desalination: Energy Considerations by George Arampatzis, Avraam Kartalidis and Dionysis Assimacopoulos --- Chapter 10: Importance and Significance of UF/MF Membrane Systems in Desalination Water Treatment by Iqbal Ahmed, Khaled S. Balkhair, Muhammad H. Albeiruttye and Amer Ahmed Jamil Shaiban --- Chapter 11: NEREU Project: Construction of a Plasma Reactor for Reform of Greenhouse Gases for Treatment of Wastewater of the Marine Farms by André Pedral S. de Sena --- Chapter 12: Low-Cost Multi-Effect Solar Still: Alternative Appropriate Technology for Personal Desalination by Pak Hunkyun

Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introductory Chapter: Marine Ecology—Biotic and Abiotic Interactions / by Muhammet Turkoglu, Umur Onal and Ali Ismen --- 2. Geo-Biological Coupling of Authigenic Carbonate Formation and Autotrophic Faunal Colonization at Deep-Sea Methane Seeps I: Geo-Biological Settings / by Takeshi Naganuma --- 3. Geo-Biological Coupling of Authigenic Carbonate Formation and Autotrophic Faunal Colonization at Deep-Sea Methane Seeps II. Geo-Biological Landscapes / by Takeshi Naganuma --- 4. Plankton Ecology and Productivity in Jamaican Waters with New and Unique Applications / by Mona K. Webber, Dale F. Webber and Gale Persad Ford --- 5. Ecology of Planktonic Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua) / by Stig Skreslet --- 6. Encounters in the Zooplankton: Implications for Pelagic Ecosystem Dynamics / by Laura Sanvicente-Añorve and Miguel Alatorre-Mendieta --- 7. Marine Fisheries in Nigeria: A Review / by Olalekan Jacob Olaoye and Wahab Gbenga Ojebiyi --- 8. Marine Stock Enhancement in India: Current Status and Future Prospects / by Mohammad Serajuddin, Farah Bano, Madhu Awasthi, Pragya Gupta and Graish Kumar --- 9. The Natural Ecology and Stock Enhancement of the Edible Jellyfish (Rhopilema esculentum Kishinouye, 1891) in the Liaodong Bay, Bohai Sea, China / by Jing Dong, Bin Wang, Yan Duan, Aiyong Wang, Yulong Li, Ming Sun, Yu Chai, Xiuze Liu, Xuguang Yu, Dong Guo and Xiaolin Wang --- 10. Overview on Mediterranean Shark’s Fisheries: Impact on the Biodiversity / by Mohamed Nejmeddine Bradai, Bechir Saidi and Samira Enajjar --- 11. An Update on Reproduction in Ghost Shrimps (Decapoda: Axiidea) and Mud Lobsters (Decapoda: Gebiidea) / by Patricio Hernáez --- 12. The Role of Microalgae in Renewable Energy Production: Challenges and Opportunities / by Abd Ellatif Mohamed Hussian

Description / Table of Contents: 1.Overview --- 2.In vivo imaging of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the central nervous system --- 3.A new aspect of cholinergic transmission in the central nervous system --- 4.Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor signaling: roles in neuroprotection --- 5.Regulation by nicotinic acetylcholine receptors of microglial glutamate transporters: role of microglia in neuroprotection --- 6.Shati/Nat8l and N-acetylaspartate (NAA) have important roles in regulating nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in neuronal and psychiatric diseases in animal models and humans --- 7.Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in regulation of pathology of cerebrovascular disorders --- 8.Roles of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the pathology and treatment of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases --- 9.SAK3-induced neuroprotection is mediated by nicotinic acetylcholine receptors --- 10.Removal of blood amyloid as a therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer’s disease: the influence of smoking and nicotine

Description / Table of Contents: Introduction --- Preparation techniques - Making anatomical structures visible --- Morphology of the plant body --- Cellular composition of the plant bodies --- Structure of cell walls and cell contents --- Primary, secondary and tertiary meristem --- Stem anatomical structures of major taxonomic units --- Evolution of stems --- Anatomical adaptions to permanent changed environmental conditions --- Anatomical adaptions to temporarily changed environmental conditions --- Coexistence of algae, fungi and vascular plants --- Wood decay --- Fossilization, permineralization, coalification, carbonization and wetwood conservation --- Technically altered wood products

Description / Table of Contents: General Introduction --- Screening Protocols for Heat Tolerance in Rice at the Seedling and Reproductive Stages --- Validation of Screening Protocols for Heat Tolerance in Rice --- Conclusion --- References

Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Challenges in Riverine Ecosystem Management --- Part I Human Impacts, Mitigation and Restoration --- Chapter 2. Historic Milestones of Human River Uses and Ecological Impacts --- Chapter 3. River Morphology, Channelization, and Habitat Restoration --- Chapter 4. River Hydrology, Flow Alteration, and Environmental Flow --- Chapter 5. Hydropeaking Impacts and Mitigation --- Chapter 6. Dams: Ecological Impacts and Management --- Chapter 7. Aquatic Habitat Modeling in Running Waters --- Chapter 8. The Role of Sediment and Sediment Dynamics in the Aquatic Environment --- Chapter 9. River Connectivity, Habitat Fragmentation and Related Restoration Meas --- Chapter 10. Phosphorus and Nitrogen Dynamics in Riverine Systems: Human Impacts and Management Options --- Chapter 11. Climate Change Impacts in Riverine Ecosystems --- Chapter 12. Ecotoxicology --- Chapter 13. Land Use --- Chapter 14. Recreational Fisheries – The Need for Sustainability in Fisheries Management of Alpine Rivers --- Part II Management, Methodologies, Governance --- Chapter 15. Restoration in Integrated River Basin Management --- Chapter 16.Adaptive Management of Riverine Socio-ecological Systems --- Chapter 17. Legislative Framework for River Ecosystem Management on International and European Level --- Chapter 18. Ensuring Long-Term Cooperation Over Transboundary Water Resources Through Joint River Basin Management --- Chapter 19. Biomonitoring and Bioassessment --- Chapter 20. Biodiversity and Freshwater Information Systems --- Chapter 21. Ecosystem Services in River Landscapes --- Chapter 22. Public Participation and Environmental Education --- Chapter 23. NGOs in Freshwater Resource Management --- Part III Case Studies --- Chapter 24. Danube Under Pressure: Hydropower Rules the Fish --- Chapter 25. Danube Floodplain Lobau --- Chapter 26. Danube Sturgeons: Past and Future --- Chapter 27. Healthy Fisheries Sustain Society and Ecology in Burkina Faso --- Chapter 28. The Tisza River: Managing a Lowland River in the Carpathian Basin --- Part IV Summary --- Chapter 29. Landmarks, Advances and Future Challenges in Riverine Ecosystem Management

Description / Table of Contents: Foreword --- Preface --- Part 1 A brief history of marine litter research --- Part 2 Abiotic aspects of marine litter pollution --- Global distribution, composition and abundance of marine litter --- Persistence of plastic litter in the oceans --- Part 3 Biological implications of marine litter --- Deleterious effects of litter on marine life --- The complex mixture, fate and toxicity of chemicals associated with plastic debris in the marine environment --- Marine litter as habitat and dispersal vector --- Part 4 Micro plastics --- Micro plastics in the marine environment: sources, consequences and solutions --- Methodology used for the detection and identification of micro plastics – a critical appraisal --- Sources and pathways of micro plastics to habitats --- Micro plastics in the marine environment: distribution, interactions and effects --- Modeling the role of micro plastics in bioaccumulation of organic chemicals to marine aquatic organisms. A critical review --- Nano plastics in the aquatic environment. Critical review --- Part 5 Socio-economic implications of marine anthropogenic litter --- Micro and nano-plastics and human health --- The economics of marine litter --- Regulation and management of marine litter --- Marine litter and the contribution of citizen science

Description / Table of Contents: The Epigenetic And Metabolic Language Of the Circadian Clock --- Molecular Architecture of the Circadian Clock in Mammals --- Circadian Mechanisms in Bioenergetics and Cell Metabolism --- Control of metabolism by central and peripheral clocks in Drosophila --- Circadian post-transcriptional control of metabolism --- Redox and Metabolic Oscillations in the Clockwork --- Rev-erbs: Integrating Metabolism Around the Clock --- Control of sleep-wake cycles in Drosophila --- Circadian metabolomics: insights for biology and medicine --- Rhythms within rhythms: the importance of oscillations for glucocorticoid hormones --- The genetics of autism spectrum disorders.

Description / Table of Contents: Preface --- Part 1. Physiology of HDL --- Part 2. Pathology of HDL --- Part 3. Possible Indications and Target Mechanisms of HDL Therapy --- Part 4. Treatments for Dyslipidemias and Dysfunction of HDL

Description / Table of Contents: Mutagenesis for Crop Breeding and Functional Genomics --- Chemical and Physical Mutagenesis in Jatropha curcas --- Chemical Mutagenesis and Chimera Dissolution in Vegetatively Propagated Banana --- Mutation Induction Using Gamma Irradiation and Embryogenic Cell Suspensions in Plantain (Musa spp.) --- Optimization of Somatic Embryogenesis in Cassava --- Creation of a TILLING Population in Barley after Chemical Mutagenesis with Sodium Azide and MNU --- Site-Directed Mutagenesis in Barley by Expression of TALE Nuclease in Embryogenic Pollen --- Doubled Haploidy as a Tool for Chimera Dissolution of TALEN-Induced Mutations in Barley --- Field Evaluation of Mutagenized Rice Material --- Root Phenotyping Pipeline for Cereal Plants --- Breeding New Aromatic Rice with High Iron using Gamma Radiation and Hybridization --- Utilizing NIRS for Qualitative and Non-Destructive Identification of Seed Mutants in Large Populations --- Protocols for Proteome Analyses of Jatropha curcas --- Low-Cost Methods for DNA Extraction and Quantification --- A Protocol for Benchtop Extraction of Single-Strand-Specific Nucleases for Mutation Discovery --- A Protocol for Validation of Doubled Haploid Plants by Enzymatic Mismatch Cleavage --- Bioinformatics-Based Assessment of the Relevance of Candidate Genes for Mutation Discovery --- Mutation Detection by Analysis of DNA Heteroduplexes in TILLING Populations of Diploid Species --- Determining Mutation Density using Restriction Enzyme Sequence Comparative Analysis (RESCAN) --- Next-Generation Sequencing for Targeted Discovery of Rare Mutations in Rice

Description / Table of Contents: Preface.- Data and Methods.- Population Norms for the EQ-5D --- Cross-Country Analysis of EQ-5D Data --- Socio-demographic Indicators based on EQ-5D --- Annex 1 --- Annex 2

Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1 Introduction to the SAMPLES Approach --- Chapter 2 Targeting Landscapes to Identify Mitigation Options --- Chapter 3 Determining Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Removals Associated with Land Use and Land Cover Change --- Chapter 4 Quantifying Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Managed and Natural Soils --- Chapter 5 A Comparison of Methodologies for Measuring Methane Emissions from Ruminants --- Chapter 6 Quantifying Tree Biomass Carbon Stocks and Fluxes in Agricultural Landscapes --- Chapter 7 Methods for Smallholder Quantification of Soil Carbon Stocks and Stock Changes --- Chapter 8 Yield Estimation of Food and Non-Food Crops in Smallholder Production Systems --- Chapter 9 Scaling Point and Plot Measurements of Greenhouse Gas Fluxes, Balances and Intensities to Whole Farms and Landscapes --- Chapter 10 Methods for Environment-Productivity Trade-off Analysis in Agricultural Systems

Description / Table of Contents: 1 Introduction: Overview of Our Research on Impacts of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident on Fish and Fishing Grounds --- Part I Seawater and Plankton --- 2 134Cs and 137Cs in the Seawater Around Japan and in the North Pacific --- 3 Temporal Changes in 137Cs Concentration in Zooplankton and Seawater off the Joban–Sanriku Coast, and in Sendai Bay, After the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Accident --- Part II Sediments and Benthos --- 4 Three-Dimensional Distribution of Radiocesium in Sea Sediment Derived from the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant --- 5 Radiocesium Concentrations in the Organic Fraction of Sea Sediments --- 6 Bottom Turbidity, Boundary Layer Dynamics, and Associated Transport of Suspended Particulate Materials off the Fukushima Coast --- 7 Investigation of Radiocesium Translation from Contaminated Sediment to Benthic Organisms --- Part III Marine Fish --- 8 Detection of 131I, 134Cs, and 137Cs Released into the Atmosphere from FNPP in Small Epipelagic Fishes, Japanese Sardine and Japanese Anchovy, off the Kanto Area, Japan --- 9 Radiocesium Concentration of Small Epipelagic Fishes (Sardine and Japanese Anchovy) off the Kashima-Boso Area --- 10 Why Do the Radionuclide Concentrations of Pacific Cod Depend on the Body Size? --- 11 Radiocesium Contamination Histories of Japanese Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) After the 2011 Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant Accident --- Part IV Mechanisms of Severe Contamination in Fish --- 12 Evaluating the Probability of Catching Fat Greenlings (Hexagrammos otakii) Highly Contaminated with Radiocesium off the Coast of Fukushima --- 13 Analysis of the Contamination Process of the Extremely Contaminated Fat Greenling by Fukushima-Derived Radioactive Material --- 14 Contamination Levels of Radioactive Cesium in Fat Greenling Caught at the Main Port of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant --- Part V Freshwater Systems --- 15 Comparison of Radioactive Cesium Contamination of Lake Water, Bottom Sediment, Plankton, and Freshwater Fish Among Lakes of Fukushima Prefecture, Japan, After the Fukushima Fallout --- 16 Radiocesium Concentrations and Body Size of Freshwater Fish in Lake Hayama 1 Year After the Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident --- 17 Spatiotemporal Monitoring of 134Cs and 137Cs in Ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis, a Microalgae-Grazing Fish, and in Their Freshwater Habitats in Fukushima --- 18 Radiocesium Concentrations in the Muscle and Eggs of Salmonids from Lake Chuzenji, Japan, After the Fukushima Fallout --- 19 Assessment of Radiocesium Accumulation by Hatchery-Reared Salmonids After the Fukushima Nuclear Accident

Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction --- 2. Mitochondrion-rich (MR) cells --- 2-1. General characteristics of MR cells --- 2-2. Molecular mechanisms of ion-transporting functions of MR cells --- 3. Euryhalinity and stenohalinity of teleosts --- 4. Mozambique tilapia --- 4-1. MR cells in the yolk-sac membrane of tilapia embryos and larvae --- 4-2. FW- and SW-type MR cells in tilapia embryos and larvae --- 4-3. Functions of multicellular complexes of SW-type MR cells --- 4-4. Functional differentiation of MR cells in the yolk-sac membrane --- 4-5. Functional classification of MR cells in the yolk-sac membrane --- 4-6. "Yolk ball" incubation system --- 4-7. Salinity tolerance of adult tilapia --- 4-8. Possible osmoreception by MR cells --- 5. Killifish --- 5-1. Transitional processes of MR-cell distribution during early life stages --- 5-2. Distinct FW- and SW-type MR cells --- 5-3. Functional alteration and replacement of MR cells --- 5-4. Ion-absorbing mechanisms of MR cells --- 6. Chum salmon --- 6.1. Hypoosmoregulatory ability of chum salmon embryo --- 6-2. Seawater adaptability in chum salmon fry --- 6-3. MR-cell turnover in the gills of chum salmon fry --- 6-4. Loss of hypoosmoregulatory ability in mature chum salmon --- 7. Japanese eel --- 7-1. Epidermal MR cells in embryos and larvae --- 7-2. Ontogenic changes in MR cells during leptocephalus and glass eel stages --- 7-3. MR cells in glass eel acclimated to FW --- 7-4. Gill MR cells in eel cultured in FW and those acclimated to SW --- 7-5. MR cells in yellow and silver eel --- 8. Fugu --- 8-1. Low-salinity tolerance of fugu --- 8-2. Gill MR cells in fugu --- 8-3. Functional significance of prolactin in a marine teleost of fugu --- 8-4. Comparison of growth in fugu reared in 25 and 100% SW. --- 9. Japanese dace --- 9-1. Acid tolerance of Osorezan dace --- 9-2. Molecular mechanisms of acid adaptation --- 10. Conclusions and future perspectives

Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction --- 2. Eel as an experimental fish for studying liver functions --- 2-1. Availability of eel (Anguilla japonica) as an experimental fish --- 2-2. Perfusion of eel liver --- 2-3. Primary culture of eel hepatocytes --- 2-3A. Isolated eel hepatocytes --- 2-3B. Primary culture of eel hepatocytes --- 3. Glucose metabolisms in eel liver --- 3-1. Gluconeogenesis in rat liver --- 3-2. Gluconeogenesis in eel liver --- 3-2A. Gluconeogenesis by perfused eel liver --- 3-2B. Gluconeogenesis by isolated eel hepatocytes and cultured eel hepatocytes --- 3-3. Phosphoenolpyruvate synthesis pathway in eel liver --- 3-3A. Effects of inhibitors --- 3-3B. Subcellular distribution of enzymes --- 3-3C. Effects of leucine and other amino acids --- 3-3D. Effect of oleic acid --- 3-4. Comparison of PEP synthesis pathways between eel, rat, and pigeon liver --- 3-5. Glycogen metabolisms in eel liver --- 4. Lipoprotein metabolisms in eel liver --- 4-1. Characteristics of fish serum lipoproteins --- 4-2. Lipoproteins secreted by primary cultured eel hepatocytes --- 4-3. Effects of maturation on eel lipoprotein metabolism --- 4-3A. Comparison of body length, body weight, gonad-somatic index, and plasma thyroxine between silver and yellow eels --- 4-3B. Comparison of plasma lipoproteins between silver and yellow eels --- 4-3C. Comparison of lipoprotein synthesis by cultured hepatocytes of silver and yellow eels --- 4-3D. Effect of thyroxine on lipoprotein synthesis by cultured eel hepatocytes --- 4-4. HDL binding to primary cultured eel hepatocytes --- 4-4A. Stimulatory effect of HDL on VLDL-like lipoprotein synthesis and secretion --- 4-4B. ApoAI and apoAII of HDL do not function as a ligand for eel HDL receptor --- 4-4C. Ganglioside of HDL functions as a ligand for an HDL receptor of eel hepatocytes --- 4-4C-1. Ganglioside GM4 isolated from eel serum HDL --- 4-4C-2. GM4 as the ligand for eel HDL receptor --- 4-5. Vitellogenin induction by cultured eel hepatocytes --- 4-5A. Vitellogenin induction by estradiol-17β --- 4-5B. Vitellogenin induction by cultured eel hepatocytes --- 4-5C. Stimulatory effect of HDL on vitellogenin synthesis and secretion --- 5. Discussion --- 5-1. Integrity of a perfused eel liver, isolated and cultured hepatocytes --- 5-2. Gluconeogenesis and glycogen metabolisms in eel liver --- 5-2A. Gluconeogenesis --- 5-2B. Glycogen metabolisms --- 5-3. Lipoprotein metabolisms in eel liver --- 5-3A. Lipoprotein synthesized by cultured eel hepatocytes --- 5-3B. HDL metabolism --- 5-3C. Induction of vitellogenin synthesis by cultured eel hepatocytes. --- 5-4. General Discussion

Description / Table of Contents: Is planting grass margins around fields beneficial for wildlife? Which management interventions increase bee numbers in farmland? Does helping migrating toads across roads increase populations? How do you reduce predation on bird populations? What Works in Conservation has been created to provide practitioners with answers to these and many other questions about practical conservation. This book provides an assessment of the effectiveness of 648 conservation interventions based on summarized scientific evidence relevant to the practical global conservation of amphibians, reducing the risk of predation for birds, conservation of European farmland biodiversity and some aspects of enhancing natural pest control and soil fertility. It contains key results from the summarized evidence for each conservation intervention and an assessment of the effectiveness of each by international expert panels. The volume is published in partnership with the Conservation Evidence project and is fully linked to the project's website where more detailed evidence and references can be freely accessed.

Description / Table of Contents: Foreword --- Preface --- Part 1 A brief history of marine litter research --- Part 2 Abiotic aspects of marine litter pollution --- Global distribution, composition and abundance of marine litter --- Persistence of plastic litter in the oceans --- Part 3 Biological implications of marine litter --- Deleterious effects of litter on marine life --- The complex mixture, fate and toxicity of chemicals associated with plastic debris in the marine environment --- Marine litter as habitat and dispersal vector --- Part 4 Micro plastics --- Micro plastics in the marine environment: sources, consequences and solutions --- Methodology used for the detection and identification of micro plastics – a critical appraisal --- Sources and pathways of micro plastics to habitats --- Micro plastics in the marine environment: distribution, interactions and effects --- Modeling the role of micro plastics in bioaccumulation of organic chemicals to marine aquatic organisms. A critical review --- Nano plastics in the aquatic environment. Critical review --- Part 5 Socio-economic implications of marine anthropogenic litter --- Micro and nano-plastics and human health --- The economics of marine litter --- Regulation and management of marine litter --- Marine litter and the contribution of citizen science

Description / Table of Contents: Biochemistry laboratory manual for undergraduates – an inquiry based approach by Gerczei and Pattison is the first textbook on the market that uses a highly relevant model, antibiotic resistance, to teach seminal topics of biochemistry and molecular biology while incorporating the blossoming field of bioinformatics. The novelty of this manual is the incorporation of a student-driven real real-life research project into the undergraduate curriculum. Since students test their own mutant design, even the most experienced students remain engaged with the process, while the less experienced ones get their first taste of biochemistry research. Inclusion of a research project does not entail a limitation: this manual includes all classic biochemistry techniques such as HPLC or enzyme kinetics and is complete with numerous problem sets relating to each topic.

Description / Table of Contents: Increasing innovations and applications make microfluidics a versatile choice for researchers in many disciplines. This book consists of multiple review chapters that aim to cover recent advances and new applications of microfluidics in biology, electronics, energy, and materials sciences. It provides comprehensive views of various aspects of microfluidics ranging from fundamentals of fabrication, flow control, and droplet manipulation to the most recent exploration in emerging areas such as material synthesis, imaging and novel spectroscopy, and marriage with electronics. The chapters have many illustrations showcasing exciting results. This book should be useful for those who are eager to learn more about microfluidics as well as researchers who want to pick up new concepts and developments in this fast-growing field.

Description / Table of Contents: Terraforming is the process of making other worlds habitable for human life. Its counterpart on Earth – geoengineering – is receiving serious consideration as a way to address climate change. Contemporary environmental awareness and our understanding of climate change is influenced by science fiction, and terraforming in particular has offered scientists, philosophers, and others a motif for thinking in complex ways about our impact on planetary environments. This book asks how science fiction has imagined how we shape both our world and other planets and how stories of terraforming reflect on science, society and environmentalism. It traces the growth of the motif of terraforming in science fiction from H.G. Wells’s The War of the Worlds (1898) to James Cameron’s blockbuster Avatar (2009), in stories by such writers as Olaf Stapledon, Ray Bradbury, Robert Heinlein, Arthur C. Clarke, Frank Herbert, Ursula K. Le Guin, Ernest Callenbach, Pamela Sargent, Frederick Turner and Kim Stanley Robinson. It argues for terraforming as a nexus for environmental philosophy, the pastoral, ecology, the Gaia hypothesis, and the politics of colonisation and habitation. Amidst contemporary anxieties about climate change, terraforming offers an important vantage from which to consider the ways humankind shapes and is shaped by their world.

Description / Table of Contents: Scientists deserve public recognition. The ways that they are depicted, however, are severely limited in physical and personal traits, helping to establish and enhance stereotypes under the general title of ‘scientist’. These stereotypes range from the arrogant researcher who wants to rule the world, to the lab coat wearing ‘nerdy’ genius, but all generally fall to an extreme view of an existing perception of what a scientist should look and be like. For example, the popular image of ‘a scientist’ overlooks the presence of women almost entirely unless attributed to specific subjects and/or with narrow character depictions. The implications can be far-reaching. Young people, being heavily swayed by what they see and hear in the media, may avoid scientific careers because of these limited or unflattering portrayals of the scientific community, regardless of whether they reflect real life.Based on findings from the Light’13 project, this book examines such stereotypes and questions whether it is possible to adjust people’s perception of scientists and to increase interest in science and scientific careers through a series of specific actions and events.

Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1 Introduction to the SAMPLES Approach --- Chapter 2 Targeting Landscapes to Identify Mitigation Options --- Chapter 3 Determining Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Removals Associated with Land Use and Land Cover Change --- Chapter 4 Quantifying Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Managed and Natural Soils --- Chapter 5 A Comparison of Methodologies for Measuring Methane Emissions from Ruminants --- Chapter 6 Quantifying Tree Biomass Carbon Stocks and Fluxes in Agricultural Landscapes --- Chapter 7 Methods for Smallholder Quantification of Soil Carbon Stocks and Stock Changes --- Chapter 8 Yield Estimation of Food and Non-Food Crops in Smallholder Production Systems --- Chapter 9 Scaling Point and Plot Measurements of Greenhouse Gas Fluxes, Balances and Intensities to Whole Farms and Landscapes --- Chapter 10 Methods for Environment-Productivity Trade-off Analysis in Agricultural Systems

Description / Table of Contents: Phylogenetics and conservation biology: drawing a path into the diversity of life --- The value of phylogenetic diversity --- The PD phylogenetic diversity framework: linking evolutionary history to feature diversity for biodiversity conservation --- Reconsidering the loss of evolutionary history: how does non-random extinction prune the tree-of-life?- Phylogenetics and conservation in New Zealand: the long and the short of it --- What is the meaning of extreme phylogenetic diversity? The case of phylogenetic relict species --- Using phylogenetic dissimilarities among sites for biodiversity assessments and conservation --- Phylogenetic diversity measures and their decomposition: a framework based on hill numbers --- Split diversity: measuring and optimizing biodiversity using phylogenetic split networks --- The rarefaction of phylogenetic diversity: formulation, extension and application --- Support in area prioritization using phylogenetic information --- Assessing hotspots of evolutionary history with data from multiple phylogenies: an analysis of endemic clades from New Caledonia --- Representing hotspots of evolutionary history in systematic conservation planning for European mammals --- Priorities for conservation of the evolutionary history of amphibians in the cerrado --- Global spatial analyses of phylogenetic conservation priorities for aquatic mammals --- Metapopulation capacity meets evolutionary distinctness: spatial fragmentation complements phylogenetic rarity in prioritization. - Patterns of species, phylogenetic and mimicry diversity of clearwing butterflies in the Neotropics --- Conservation of phylogenetic diversity in Madagascar’s largest endemic plant family, Sarcolaenaceae --- The future of phylogenetic systematics in conservation biology: linking biodiversity and society

Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: Treatment of Organic Recalcitrant Contaminants in Wastewater by Asmita Gupta and Indu Shekhar Thakur --- Chapter 2: Application of Macrobiological Methods in the Settlement Wastewater Treatment by Dragan Milićević, Slaviša Trajković and Milan Gocić --- Chapter 3: Microbe-Based Strategy for Plant Nutrient Management by Shaon Ray Chaudhuri, Madhusmita Mishra, Sonakshi De, Biswajit Samal, Amrita Saha, Srimoyee Banerjee, Abhinandan Chakraborty, Antara Chakraborty, Sonali Pardhiya, Deepak Gola, Joyeeta Chakraborty, Sourav Ghosh, Kamlesh Jangid, Indranil Mukherjee, Mathummal Sudarshan, Rajib Nath and Ashoke Ranjan Thakur --- Chapter 4: Mitigating Environmental Risks of Wastewater Reuse for Agriculture by Ahmed Al-Busaidi and Mushtaque Ahmed --- Chapter 5: Spreading of Antibiotic Resistance with Wastewater by Sadik Dincer and Esra Sunduz Yigittekin --- Chapter 6: Comparative Assessment of Pharmaceutical Removal from Wastewater by the Microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana, Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus obliquus by Carla Escapa Santos, Ricardo Nuno de Coimbra, Sergio Paniagua Bermejo, Ana Isabel García Pérez and Marta Otero Cabero --- Chapter 7: Pulp Mill Wastewater: Characteristics and Treatment by María Noel Cabrera --- Chapter 8: Molecular Biomonitoring of Microbial Communities in Tannery Wastewater Treatment Plant for the Removal of Retanning Chemicals by Adey Feleke Desta, Joyce Nzioki, Solomon Maina and Francesca Stomeo --- Chapter 9: Application of Mixed Microbial Culture Biofilms for Manganese (II), Cobalt (II), and Chromium (VI) Biosorption by Horizontal Rotating Tubular Bioreactor by Tonči Rezić, Iva Rezić, Michaela Zeiner and Božidar Šantek --- Chapter 10: Electrocoagulative and Biological Treatment of Laundry Wastewater by Terelle Ramcharan and Ajay Bissessur --- Chapter 11: Biohydrogen Production from Wastewaters by Periyasamy Sivagurunathan, Gopalakrishnan Kumar, Arivalagan Pugazhendhi, Guangyin Zhen, Takuro Kobayashi and Kaiqin Xu --- Chapter 12: Valorization of Glucose-Based Wastewater Through Production of Hydrogen, Volatile Fatty Acids and Alcohols by Eduardo Lucena Cavalcante de Amorim, Leandro Takano Sader, Lucas Rodrigues Ramos and Edson Luiz Silva --- Chapter 13: Production of Biogas and Performance Evaluation of Ultrasonic Membrane Anaerobic System (UMAS) for Palm Oil Mill Effluent Treatment (POME) by Abdurahman Hamid Nour and Azhari Hamid Nour

Description / Table of Contents: Igneous oceanic crust is one of the largest potential habitats for life on earth, and microbial activity supported by rock-water-microbe reactions in this environment can impact global biogeochemical cycles. However, our understanding of the microbiology of this system, especially the subsurface “deep biosphere” component of it, has traditionally been limited by sample availability and quality. Over the past decade, several major international programs (such as the Center for Dark Energy Biosphere Investigations, the current International Ocean Discovery Program and its predecessor Integrated Ocean Drilling Program, and the Deep Carbon Observatory) have focused on advancing our understanding of life in this cryptic, yet globally relevant, biosphere. Additionally, many field and laboratory research programs are examining hydrothermal vent systems –a seafloor expression of seawater that has been thermally and chemically altered in subseafloor crust – and the microbial communities supported by these mineral-rich fluids. The Frontiers in Microbiology 3 September 2017 | Recent Advances in Geomicrobiology of the Ocean Crust papers in this special issue bring together recent discoveries of microbial presence, diversity and activity in these dynamic ocean environments. Cumulatively, the articles in this special issue serve as a tribute to the late Dr. Katrina J. Edwards, who was a pioneer and profound champion of studying microbes that “rust the crust”. This special issue volume serves as a foundation for the continued exploration of the subsurface ocean crust deep biosphere.

Description / Table of Contents: This book discusses the common principles of morality and ethics derived from divinely endowed intuitive reason through the creation of al-fitr' a (nature) and human intellect (al-‘aql). Biomedical topics are presented and ethical issues related to topics such as genetic testing, assisted reproduction and organ transplantation are discussed. Whereas these natural sources are God’s special gifts to human beings, God’s revelation as given to the prophets is the supernatural source of divine guidance through which human communities have been guided at all times through history. The second part of the book concentrates on the objectives of Islamic religious practice – the maqa' sid – which include: Preservation of Faith, Preservation of Life, Preservation of Mind (intellect and reason), Preservation of Progeny (al-nasl) and Preservation of Property. Lastly, the third part of the book discusses selected topical issues, including abortion, assisted reproduction devices, genetics, organ transplantation, brain death and end-of-life aspects. For each topic, the current medical evidence is followed by a detailed discussion of the ethical issues involved

Description / Table of Contents: Part I Wheat Genetics: Past, Present, and Future --- 1 Prof. H. Kihara’s genome concept and advancements in wheat cytogenetics in his school --- 2 How a gene from Japan revolutionized the world of wheat: CIMMYT’s quest for combining genes to mitigate threats to global food security --- Part II Germplasm and Genetic Diversity --- 3 Genetic resources of Triticum --- 4 Development of core set of wheat (Triticum spp.) germplasm conserved in the National Genebank in India --- 5 Transfer to wheat of potentially new stem rust resistance genes from Aegilops speltoides --- 6 Genetic variation and its geographical distribution in Aegilops caudata L.: morphology, hybrid sterility and gametocidal genes --- Part III Cytogenetics and Allopolyploid Evolution --- 7 Wheat chromosome analysis --- 8 New aneuploids of common wheat --- 9 Chromosomal changes over the course of polyploid wheat evolution and domestication --- Part IV Toward Whole Genome Sequencing --- 10 Comprehensive functional analyses of expressed sequence tags in common wheat --- 11 Development of the BAC physical maps of wheat chromosome 6B for its genomic sequencing --- Part V Structural and Functional Genomics --- 12 Sequencing of wheat chromosome 6B: toward functional genomics --- 13 Genetic mechanisms of vernalization requirement duration in winter wheat cultivars --- 14 Building ultra-dense genetic maps in the presence of genotyping errors and missing data --- Part VI Functional Gene Analysis and Molecular Tools --- 15 Exploiting comparative biology and genomics to understand a trait in wheat, Ph1 --- 16 The specific features of anthocyanin biosynthesis regulation in wheat --- 17 Association of wheat miRNAs with hybrid incompatibility in interspecific crosses of Triticum and Aegilops --- 18 High efficiency wheat transformation mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens --- 19 extra early-flowering (exe) mutants in einkorn wheat generated by heavy-ion beam irradiation --- Part VII Biotic Stress Response --- 20 Stem rust resistance - two approaches --- 21 Germplasm enhancement for resistance to Pyrenophora tritici-repentis in wheat --- 22 Next Generation Sequencing enabled genetics in hexaploid wheat --- Part VIII Abiotic Stress Response --- 23 Genomics approaches to dissect the genetic basis of drought resistance in durum wheat --- 24 Hybrid breeding in wheat --- 25 Broadening the genetic diversity of common and durum wheat for abiotic stress tolerance breeding --- 26 Early maturity in wheat for adaptation to high temperature stress --- 27 Gene expression profiles involved in development of freezing tolerance in common wheat --- Part IX Improvement of Grain Quality --- 28 Coping with wheat quality in a changing environment - Proteomics evidence for stress caused by environmental changes --- 29 Starch modification: a model for wheat MAS breeding --- 30 Quality characteristics of soft kernel durum - a new cereal crop --- 31 Proposal of international gluten research group --- 32 Enlargement of the genetic diversity for grain quality in bread wheat through alien introgression --- 33 Complex G x E interactions and QTL clusters govern end-use quality traits in hexaploid wheat --- 34 A consistent QTL for flour yield on chromosome 3B in the soft winter wheat variety, Kitahonami --- Part X Marker-Assisted Breeding --- 35 Recent improvements in Japanese wheat varieties --- 36 Determining the order of resistance genes Qsng-3BS, Fhb1 and Sr2 and combining them in coupling on wheat chromosome 3BS --- 37 Meta-analysis of resistance to Fusarium head blight in tetraploid wheat – implications for durum wheat breeding --- 38 Interest of a multiparental and outcrossing wheat population for fine mapping --- 39 The effect of Earliness per se (Eps) genes on flowering time in bread wheat --- Part XI Toward Sustainable Wheat Production --- 40 Recapitulating the OECD-CRP session (sponsored by the OECD’s Co-operative Research Program on Biological Resource Management for Sustainable Agricultural Systems --- 41 Exploring genetic resources to increase adaptation of wheat to climate change --- 42 Genomic approaches towards durable fungal disease resistance in wheat --- 43 Review and new progress in wheat wide hybridization for improving the resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses --- 44 Global crop improvement networks to bridge technology gaps --- 45 Genomic selection in plants: empirical results and implications for wheat breeding --- 46 Dietary fibre: wheat genes for enhanced human health --- BM Appendix I: Program --- Appendix II: Poster Presentation List --- Appendix III: Committees

Description / Table of Contents: Part I Basic Research for Innovative Medicine --- 1. Diverting Glycolysis to Combat Oxidative Stress --- 2. Metabolic Regulation by Nuclear Receptors --- 3. Fighting Fire with Fire in Cancer --- 4. Linear Polyubiquitination: a Crucial Regulator of NF-kB Activation --- 5. VCP, a major ATPase in the cells, as a novel drug target for currently incurable disorders --- 6. Roles of E-cadherin in hepatocarcinogenesis --- 7. The Hippo Signaling Pathway: A Candidate New Drug Target for Malignant Tumors --- 8. Inhibitory immunoreceptors on mast cells in allergy and inflammation --- 9. Doxycycline-inducible Autoimmune Blistering Skin Disease Model --- 10. T-cell Senescence and Autoimmunity --- Part II Translational Research for Innovative Medicine --- 11. IL-6: A new era for the treatment of autoimmune inflammatory diseases --- 12. Pathogenesis of Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis and Its Potential Therapeutic Strategies --- 13. Multifaceted translational approach of major mental illness --- 14. Translational research of leptin in lipodystrophy and its related diseases --- 15. Translational research of the activation of the C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP)-guanylyl cyclase-B pathway for skeletal dysplasia --- 16. Clarity and Challenges in Tissue Fibrosis --- 17. TRP Channels: Their Function and Potentiality as Drug Targets --- 18. Autophagic Cell Death and Cancer Chemotherapeutics --- 19. Adrenomedullin as a Potential Therapeutic Agent for Refractory Ulcerative Colitis --- 20. RNA activation --- Part III New Technology for Innovative Medicine --- 21. Cardiac Reprogramming for Heart Repair --- 22. Development of a new in vivo optical probe for biological diagnosis and therapy --- 23. Introduction of mesenchymal stem cells for liver surgery (hepatectomy and transplantation) --- 24. Synaptic and axonal plasticity induction in the human cerebral cortex --- 25. TIM-3 is a novel therapeutic target for eradicating acute myelogenous leukemia stem cells --- 26. TGF-beta LAP degradation products, a novel biomarker and promising therapeutic target for liver fibrogenesis --- 27. Cell-based regenerative therapy for liver disease

Description / Table of Contents: Introduction --- Health and Safety Considerations --- Sample Collection and Storage --- Low-Cost DNA Extraction --- PCR Amplification for Low-Cost Mutation Discovery --- Enzymatic Mismatch Cleavage and Agarose Gel Evaluation of Samples --- Alternative Enzymology for Mismatch Cleavage for TILLING and Ecotilling: Extraction of Enzymes form Common Weedy Plants --- Example Data --- Conclusions.  

Description / Table of Contents: Parcellations and connectivity patterns in human and macaque cerebral cortex --- Nanoconnectomics --- Inhibitory cell cypes, circuits and receptive fields in mouse visual cortex --- Form meets function in the brain: observing the activity and structure of specific neural connections --- The network for intracortical communication in mouse visual cortex --- The brain in space --- In-vivo connectivity in monkeys --- Connectome networks: from cells to systems --- Intra- and Inter-hemispheric connectivity supporting hemispheric specialization --- Genetics of the connectome and the ENIGMA project

Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introductory Chapter: Earthworms - The Ecological Engineers of Soil / by Sajal Ray --- 2. Abundance and Diversity of Earthworms in Managed and Non- Managed Fallow Lands of Calakmul Reserve of Campeche, Mexico / by Esperanza Huerta Lwanga, Lucero Sánchez-del Cid, Ligia Esparza- Olguín, Eduardo Martinez-Romero, Ben de Jong and Susana Ochoa-Gaona --- 3. Earthworms and Nematodes: The Ecological and Functional Interactions / by Jair Alves Dionísio, Wilian Carlo Demetrio and Arlei Maceda --- 4. Exploration of Earthworms of India through Online Digital Library / by Samrendra Singh Thakur and Shweta Yadav --- 5. Earthworms and Vermicomposting / by Jorge Domínguez --- 6. Environmental Influence of Soil toward Effective Vermicomposting / by Jaswinder Singh, Sharanpreet Singh, Adarsh Pal Vig and Arvinder Kaur

Description / Table of Contents: Plenary Lectures --- Fisheries Management: Status and Challenges / Ichiro Nomura / pp. 1-16 --- Exploring the BOFFFF Hypothesis Using a Model of Southern African Deepwater Hake (Merluccius paradoxus) / John G. Field, Coleen L. Moloney, Louis du Buisson, Astrid Jarre, Tore Stroemme, Marek R. Lipinski and Paulus Kainge / pp. 17-26 --- Effects of Fishing on Inter and Intra Stock Diversity of Marine Resources / Gudrun Marteinsdóttir and Heidi Pardoe / pp. 27-43 --- Knowledge on How To Achieve Sustainable Fisheries / Ray Hilborn / pp. 45-56 --- The Role of Docosahexaenoic and Arachidonic Acids as Determinants of Evolution and Hominid Brain Development / Michael A. Crawford, C. Leigh Broadhurst, Claudio Galli, Kebreab Ghebremeskel, Holm Holmsen, Letten F. Saugstad, Walter F. Schmidt, Andrew J. Sinclair and Stephen C. Cunnane / pp. 57-76 --- Genomics and the Genome Duplication in Salmonids / Ben F. Koop and William S. Davidson / pp. 77-86 --- A Tale of Two Initiatives: Integrated Coastal Management in Xiamen and Batangas Bay Region / Thia-Eng Chua / pp. 87-102 --- Keynote 1: Fisheries and Fish Biology --- Age-validated Longevity of Fishes: Its Importance for Sustainable Fisheries / Gregor M. Cailliet and Allen H. Andrews / pp. 103-120 --- Monitoring Prey Availability via Data Loggers Deployed on Seabirds: Advances and Present Limitations / C. A. Bost, A. Jaeger, W. Huin, P. Koubbi, L. G. Halsey, H. Hanuise and Y. Handrich / pp. 121-137 --- Refocusing Stock Assessment in Support of Policy Evaluation / André E. Punt / pp. 139-152 --- Hatchery Stocking for Restoring Wild Populations: A Genetic Evaluation of the Reproductive Success of Hatchery Fish vs. Wild Fish / Hitoshi Araki / pp. 153-167 --- A Review of Bycatch and Discard Issue Toward Solution / Tatsuro Matsuoka / pp. 169-180 --- Keynote 2: Aquaculture --- Environmental Impact of Aquaculture on Coastal Planktonic Ecosystems / Yngvar Olsen and Lasse Mork Olsen / pp. 181-196 --- Meeting the Future Demand for Aquatic Food through Aquaculture: the Role of Aquatic Animal Health / Melba G. Bondad-Reantaso and Rohana P. Subasinghe / pp. 197-207 --- Keynote 3: Biotechnology --- Spermatogonial Transplantation in Fish: Production of Trout Offspring from Salmon Parents / Tomoyuki Okutsu, Yutaka Takeuchi and Goro Yoshizaki / pp. 209-219 --- Biotechnology of Marine Invertebrates-Recent Advances in Shrimp and Shellfish / Anchalee Tassanakajon, Tipachai Vatanavicharn, Premruethai Supungul, Sureerat Tang, Piti Amparyup, Kunlaya Somboonwiwat, Sirinit Tharntada, Jun Takahashi and Haruhiko Toyohara / pp. 221-239 --- Molecular Biotechnology of Development and Growth in Fish Muscle / Ian A. Johnston, Daniel J. Macqueen and Shugo Watabe / pp. 241-262 --- Molecular Innate Immunity in Teleost Fish: Review and Future Perspectives / Takashi Aoki, Tomokazu Takano, Mudjekeewis D. Santos, Hidehiro Kondo and Ikuo Hirono / pp. 263-276 --- Molecular Interaction between Fish Pathogens and Host Aquatic Animals / Laura L. Brown and Stewart C. Johnson / pp. 277-288 --- Keynote 4: Post Harvest Science and Technology --- Progress on Processing and Utilization of Aquatic Products in China / Xichang Wang, Jingjing Zhang and Jiechun Deng / pp. 289-295 --- Molecular Identification of Species and the Geographic Origin of Seafood / Michiaki Yamashita, Atsushi Namikoshi, Jun Iguchi, Yasuharu Takashima, Mohammed Anwar Hossain, Takeshi Yabu and Yumiko Yamashita / pp. 297-306 --- Keynote 5: Ecosystems—Linking Climate Change and Fisheries— --- Effects of Climate Change on Marine Ecosystems / Chen-Tung Arthur Chen / pp. 307-316 --- Keynote 6: Freshwater, Coastal and Marine Environments --- Harmful Algal Blooms and Ocean Observing Systems: Needs, Present Status and Future Potential / Donald M. Anderson / pp. 317-334 --- Coastal Artificial Habitats for Fishery and Environmental Management and Scientific Advancement / William Seaman / pp. 335-349 --- “Sato-Umi”—A New Concept for Sustainable Fisheries / Tetsuo Yanagi / pp. 351-358 --- Keynote 7: Biodiversity and Management --- Optimal Fishing Policies That Maximize Sustainable Ecosystem Services / Hiroyuki Matsuda, Mitsutaku Makino and Koji Kotani / pp. 359-369 --- Ecosystem-Based Sustainable Conservation and Management of Pacific Salmon / Masahide Kaeriyama / pp. 371-380 --- Some Lessons from Implementing Management Procedures / Douglas S. Butterworth / pp. 381-397 --- Keynote 8: Economics and Social Science --- Reconsidering the Contribution of Fisheries to Society and Millennium Development Goals / Kenneth Ruddle / pp. 399-411 --- Advantages and Disadvantages of the Fisheries Trade / Yoshiaki Matsuda / pp. 413-423 --- Keynote 9: Education and International Cooperation --- Japan’s Fisheries Cooperation: Principle, Programs and Achievements / Akihiro Mae / pp. 425-434 --- Institutional Capacity Development for Sustainable Aquaculture and Fisheries: Strategic Partnership with Local Institutions / Renato F. Agbayani and Joebert D. Toledo / pp. 435-448 --- International Cooperation for Higher Education in Aquaculture and Fisheries Science—A European Point of View— / Jean Dhont / pp. 449-460