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  • genetics  (22)
  • Springer  (22)
  • 1995-1999
  • 1980-1984
  • 1975-1979  (22)
  • 1976  (22)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • Springer  (22)
Years
  • 1995-1999
  • 1980-1984
  • 1975-1979  (22)
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anencephalus and spina bifida: An ecological approach (1976)
    Springer
    Human ecology 4 (1976), S. 209-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9915
    Keywords: anencephalus ; spina bifida ; disease ecology ; teratology ; genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Ethnic Sciences
    Notes: Abstract The ecological approach to the etiology of disease involves consideration of the complex interactions of factors related to the host, agent, and environment. Although the ecological approach was developed with regard to infectious diseases, this article suggests its application as a meaningful approach to understanding the etiology of anencephalus and spina bifida. Host, agent, and environmental factors thought to be important in the development of these malformations are discussed. Translation of this conceptual approach into a testable model is needed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01534286
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dissociation-recombination of intergenic sunflower alcohol dehydrogenase isozymes and relative isozyme activities (1976)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 14 (1976), S. 87-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: Helianthus annuus ; alcohol dehydrogenase ; intergenic isozymes ; genetics ; isozyme activity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Two unlinked genes, Adh 1 and Adh 2, control the production of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) in seeds of the annual sunflower (Helianthus annuus). Each gene is polymorphic, having F and S alleles. Starch gel electrophoretic zymograms of the four possible double homozygotes have three bands, representing two homodimers and an intermediately migrating intergenic isozyme. Zymograms of double heterozygotes consist of nine bands produced by ten isozymes: six intragenics and four intergenics, two of which are coincident. Results of dissociation-recombination (D-R) experiments are reported which demonstrate the subunit composition of the intergenic isozymes, thus supporting the relationships suggested by genetic studies. Densitometric tracings of the zymogram of a cleared gel and measurements of activities of homodimer isozymes eluted from gels following D-R of an intergenic isozyme showed that the Adh 2 isozymes were more than twice as active as those of Adh 1. Measurements of activities of crude extracts from the four possible double homozygous genotypes indicated that the seeds of the genotype Adh 1 F /Adh 1 F , Adh 2 S /Adh 2 S produced more activity than the other three. This genotype is the most common one found in wild and cultivated stocks. Isozymes eluted following electrophoresis of the same extracts had averages of 19%, 70%, and 11% of total activity contributed by the Adh 1, Adh2, and intergenic isozymes, respectively. A simple but efficient method of isozyme elution from starch gels is described which resulted in nearly full expected recovery (approximately 46%) of the ADH activity in the applied sample.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00484876
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biology of a duplicate gene system with glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in Drosophila melanogaster: Genetic analysis and differences in fitness components and reaction to environmental parameters among Zw genotypes (1976)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 14 (1976), S. 823-833 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: fitness ; Zw genotypes ; genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract There are two structural forms of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in Drosophila melanogaster. Whether one or the other or both show in vitro (and probably in vivo) activity depends on the genotype of a sex-linked locus (Zw). In this article, the relative fitnesses of heterozygotes (with both electromorphs active) and homozygotes (with activity demonstrable for only one or the other electromorph) for the Zw locus are described. It is shown that the relative fitness of heterozygotes increases with increase in population density, or degree of crowding and trophic stress, and that the mean development times of Zw heterozygotes are lower than those of the Zw homozygotes. In addition, and perhaps accounting for the fitness and viability excess of the heterozygotes, one set of evidence strongly suggests that they are better buffered against trophic stress than the homozygotes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00485344
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Autosomal genetic control of the activity of a new variant ornithine transcarbamylase in chicken kidney (1976)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 14 (1976), S. 507-515 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: ornithine transcarbamylase ; chicken ; genetics ; mutation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The mode of inheritance of the gene for chick kidney ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC), found previously as a genetic variant, was investigated. White Leghorn B line males homozygous for the allele for the variant OTC gene were selected using the California Gray breed, having a near-absolute deficiency of the enzyme. Then further crosses of the two breeds were made. The mean value of the OTC level of F1 progeny was about 170 units. Chicks from the backcross generation were divided into two groups, of high activity and low activity, in a ratio of 1:1. F2 chicks were divided into three groups: one-fourth of the chicks were classified as a “super high” group, one-half were “high,” and the remaining one-fourth were “low” the mean values for OTC level were 356.7, 196.4, and 15.6 units, respectively. From these results, it was suggested that the variant OTC represents a simple autosomal incompletely dominant trait.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00486130
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic control of photoperiodic sensivity and maturity in spring wheat within narrow limits of adaptation (1976)
    Springer
    Euphytica 25 (1976), S. 489-498 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; photoperiodic sensitivity ; maturity ; genetics ; adaptation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Photoperiodic respose, as assessed by a regression technique, exhibited complete dominance averaged over the crosses of an eight parent diallel in the vernalized condition. Photoperiodic response as final leaf number for the vernalized 8-hour photoperiod diallel was closely related to photoeriodic response of the regression method. However, the diallel analyses of both sets of data showed little agreement in terms of respectieve array positions. The inheritance of photoperiodic response in diallels using regression values showed little agreement between the vernalized and unvernalized conditions. This difference was postulated to be due to interaction of vernalization and photoperiodic response in the unvernalized situation. In the unvernalized condition photoperiodic response exhibited non-allelic interaction, attributable mainly to the cultivar Pinnacle in general behaviour in its crosses. Its removal gave a situation of high average dominance for photoperiodic response with a clear indication that high photoperiodic sensitivity was dominant to comparative insensitivity. Days to ear emergence (vernalized and 18-hour photoperiod) exhibited non-allelic interaction in its expression, due mainly to the general behaviour of the cultivar Pinnacle in its crosses. Removal of its array gave a situation of a moderately strong degree of overdominance in the expression of days to ear emergence. Maturity differences amongst parents and F1's, vernalized and under 18-hour photoperiod, are postulated to be due to a factor other than vernalization or photoperiodic response beheved to be growth temperature in differentially in fluencing growth and/or developmental rates between genotypes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00041583
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gene regulation in Drosophila: Independent expression of closely linked, related structural loci (1976)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 14 (1976), S. 709-721 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: regulation ; genetics ; development ; genome organization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A number of biochemical and genetic features shared by aldehyde oxidase and pyridoxal oxidase in Drosophila melanogaster indicate a close relationship between these enzymes. The present work shows that probable structural genes for these enzymes are within about 0.08 map unit of each other. Comparison with intensively studied regions of the genome suggests that this value is of the order of magnitude expected for adjacent functional units. Despite this close linkage, there is no indication of coordinate expression of the two enzymes. These results are consistent with the idea that each structural gene is under control of its own regulatory region, but alternative explanations are possible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00485336
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Esterases in the mosquito Culex pipiens pipiens L.: Formal genetics and polymorphism of adult esterases (1976)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 14 (1976), S. 481-493 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: genetics ; esterases ; Culex pipiens pipiens ; polymorphism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The genetics of two esterase loci active in autogenous adults of the mosquito Culex pipiens pipiens L. has been studied by means of starch gel electrophoresis. Three alleles at the Est-1 locus and eight at the Est-2 locus are described. Both loci have a null allele. Active alleles are codominant and there is no hybrid enzyme in heterozygotes. The Est-1 locus codes esterases preferentially hydrolyzing α-naphthylacetate and the Est-2 locus esterases preferentially hydrolyzing β-naphthylacetate. Strains homozygous for both loci were selected. Linkage studies of the two loci have shown that they are not sex linked but are linked to each other, the crossover frequency being 8.6%. The polymorphism of two laboratory and two natural populations is described for both loci. Phenotypic distributions are in good agreement with Hardy-Weinberg expectations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00486128
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hybrid grass-clump dwarfness in wheat: Physiology and genetics (1976)
    Springer
    Euphytica 25 (1976), S. 471-483 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat hybrid weekness ; hybrid grass-clump dwarfness ; hybrid dwarfness ; physiology ; genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The growth of all grass-clump dwarfs is sensitive to temperature with low temperature giving rise to the grass-clump phenotype and high temperature producing normal phenotype. A continuous temperature of 26°C is required for normal growth of Type 1 dwarfs, a continuous temperature of 21°C is required for normal growth of Ty[e 2 dwarfs and a continuous temperature of 16°C is required for normal growth of Type 3 dwarfs. Genetic studies show that the inheritance of the grass-clump characteristic is due to three complementary dominant genes. The grass-clump growth habit is produced as a result of the temperature sensitivity of the apical meristem. In grass-clump plants low temperature treatment results in the cessation of cell division, DNA synthesis and phospholipid synthesis in the apical meristem. The primary temperature lesion has not been identified. Prolonged low temperature treatment of grass-clump plants results in extensive cell necrosis in a region just below the apical meristem; this cell death results in the permanent inactivation of the apical meristem.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00041581
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The genetics of naked oats (Avena nuda L.) (1976)
    Springer
    Euphytica 25 (1976), S. 167-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Avena nuda ; oats ; naked grain ; multiflorous spikelets ; genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The inheritance of the character complex of naked grain and multiflorous spikelets was studied in a diallel set of crosses comprising five varieties of naked oats (Avena nuda)-As 78, Manu, Caesar, Nuprime and AJ86/2/1-and one variety of husked oats (A. sativa), Maris Oberon. In the F1 generation the distribution of multiflorous spikelets was in all cases similar to that of the mid-parent. Crosses between the varieties of A. nuda produced only naked grain on plants in the F1 and F2 generations, indicating that ‘nakedness’ in the varieties studied was determined by the same loci. The three-gene model proposed by Moule (1972) for the determination of A. nuda characters was inadequate to account for the observed F2 segregation in naked x husked crosses. An extension of this model is proposed to include a third modifying gene, N3, which in the homozygous dominant condition produces the husked phenotype when the principal gene, N, is heterozygous. The model assumes complex epistatic relationships between the three modifying genes N1, N2 and N3. Published information and further experimental data suggest that the genotype NN--N3N3 is uncommon. The expression of the genes determining nakedness was greatly influenced by the environment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00041542
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic segregation of the deformed flower gene in trisomics of Solanum chacoense (1976)
    Springer
    Euphytica 25 (1976), S. 313-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Solanum chacoense ; deformed flower ; genetics ; trisomics ; potato ; ancuploid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The gene df (deformed flower), which is expressed as short anther in sensitive cytoplasm, has been incorporated into the trisomic series of S. chacoense Bitt. The cytoplasmic sensitivity and genotypes for the gene df were tested in the original trisomics and their parents. Two diploid parents were found to be homozygous dominant for Df, while one was homozygous recessive. All the parents and trisomics tested had resistant cytoplasm. Six trisomics were heterozygous for df, segregating with a 1:1 ratio when they were crossed to the homozygous testers ([df s]dfdf). When the F1 trisomics (trisomics x [Df r]dfdf) were crossed to the homozygous testers, nine of the 13 trisomics segregated with a 1:1 ratio, three with a 0:1 ratio (all deformed) and one trisomic (V1682.3) with a 2:1 ratio. All the parents of the trisomic V1682.3 were homozygous dominant for Df. This clone is believed to be trisomic for the gene df.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00041562
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic analysis of hexaploid wheat, Triticum aestivum using intervarietal chromosome substitution lines—protein content and grain weight (1976)
    Springer
    Euphytica 25 (1976), S. 65-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; chromosome substitution ; protein content ; grain weight ; genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The 21 intervarietal chromosome substitution lines of the cultivar Hope in Chinese Spring were used to analyse the genetic differences between the two cultivars Hope and Chinese Spring in grain protein content and grain weight. Only one chromosome of ‘Hope, 5D’, significantly influenced grain protein content of ‘Chinese Spring’. Its influence was of only minor effect and was to decrease protein content expression of ‘Chinese Spring’. It has been postulated that the genetic control of protein content, in this instance, is most likely due to many genes each of small effect. Five chromosomes of ‘Hope’ influenced the 1000 grain weight value of normal ‘Chinese Spring’, all increasing its expression. Chromosomes 1A, 4A and 5B were of major effect and 3A and 6A of comparatively minor effect. A minimal estimate of five genes determines the difference in grain size between these cultivars. The possible evolutionary significance of the contribution of the A genome of bread wheat to grain size determination is discussed. On the basis of certain findings of this study, proposals are made for breeding for increased grain size in hexaploid wheat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00041529
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dwarfing and lethal genes in apple progenies (1976)
    Springer
    Euphytica 25 (1976), S. 505-514 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Malus sp. ; apple ; dwarfing ; lethality ; genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Three dwarf types are described, early dwarf, determined by two recessive genes d 1 and d 3, in the double homozygous state, and an additional recessive gene d 4 and crinkle dwarf and sturdy dwarf each also determined by a recessive gene. The gene l, for pale green lethal was found to be closely linked to the gene V f , for scab resistance. There was evidence of a regrowth promoting gene, G, in some seedlings homozygous for d 1 and d 3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00041585
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inheritance of scent in rice (1976)
    Springer
    Euphytica 25 (1976), S. 659-662 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Oryza sativa ; rice ; scent ; genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Inheritance of scent in rice and its association with pigmented characters were studied in T-141 × K-44-1. Four complementary genes appeared to control scent, one of them showing linkage with a complementary gene for glume colour and a supplementary gene for red pigment in apiculus. This group formed part of V (Prp)linkage group of Misro et al. (1966) in which case Pg and P were additions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00041603
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variation in pigment content of flour color in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (1976)
    Springer
    Euphytica 25 (1976), S. 685-691 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat flour color ; flour pigment content ; variation ; genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Variation in pigment content of the flour of bread wheats (Triticum aestivum L.) was studied in the progenies of F1 and F2 of three crosses and their reciprocals. Reciprocal differences in pigment content were observed in the F1 and F2 means. Low pigment content was found to be partially dominant or over dominant in the crosses studied. There was evidence of substantial mid-parent F1 heterosis in all crosses and betterparent F1 heterosis in three crosses. In the F2, heritability estimates were moderate to high. The F2 frequency distributions were not normal. Estimation of effective factor pairs indicated the presence of one or two major gene pairs involved in the expression of pigment content in the flour. Action of modifiers was also assumed in one cross and its reciprocal. A factorial approach to metrical character suggested that the F2 segregation ratios of low pigment content to high pigment content were 3:1, 15:1, 13:3 and 9:7 for the different crosses. Utilization of the findings in a wheat breeding program is briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00041607
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetics of resistance to an isolate of Alternaria triticina causing leaf blight of wheat (1976)
    Springer
    Euphytica 25 (1976), S. 769-775 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; Alternaria triticina ; leaf blight ; resistance ; genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Genetics of field resistance to Alternaria triticina was studied in a diallel set of crosses using ten cultivars of wheat which included eight resistant and two susceptibles. Susceptibility if NP 830 was found to be controlled by a dominant gene and that of NP 891 by two dominant complementary genes. The resistant cultivars NP 824, NP 835, NP 852, C 281, E 5477, E 5550, E 5878 and UP 303 carry the recessive alleles of the genes present in NP 830 and NP 891. All the resistant cultivars used in the study carried identical gene(s) for resistance to A. triticina. The gene(s) responsible for resistance appear to have come from NP 4 and Turkey, both of which seem to have evolved simultaneously in nature. The gene(s) for susceptibility in NP 830 and NP 891 were found to be different. It is assumed that these genes come from either Motia (Triticum durum) or Khapli (T. dicoccum) in NP 830 and from Gaza (T. durum) in NP 891.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00041617
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of the Bgs locus on mouse β-galactosidase (1976)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 14 (1976), S. 921-932 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: β-galactosidase ; mouse ; recombinant inbred lines ; genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The Bgs locus determines tissue levels of β-galactosidase in the mouse, so that enzyme levels are twice as high in mice carrying the Bgs hallele as in mice carrying the Bgs dallele (Felton et al., 1974). By immunotitration with antiserum to purified β-galactosidase, we have found that the Bgs locus influences the amount of enzyme protein present in the tissues. We have utilized recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between C57BL/6J and DBA/2J mice to confirm the location of the Bgs locus on chromosome 9. The inhibition of mouse β-galactosidase by the active-site-directed reagent N-bromoacetyl-β-d-galactosylamine has been investigated. β-Galactosidase from the high and low Bgs strains has identical affinity for this inhibitor.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00485125
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
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    Genetics of peroxisomal enzymes in the mouse: Nonlinkage of d-amino acid oxidase locus (Dao) to catalase (Cs) and l-α-hydroxyacid oxidase (Hao-1) loci on chromosome 2 (1976)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 14 (1976), S. 981-987 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: d-amino acid oxidase ; peroxisomes ; genetics ; hydroxyacid oxidase ; catalase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract An electrophoretic polymorphism of the peroxisomal enzyme d-amino acid oxidase was observed in NZC strain Mus musculus. F1 (NZC × BALB/c) mice showed a codominant allele two-banded phenotype which is inconsistent with the dimeric subunit structure reported for this enzyme in other species. The enzyme locus (Dao) was shown to segregate independently of Hao-1, encoding the peroxisomal enzyme hydroxyacid oxidase (liver or A4 isozyme). Thus Dao is not linked to previously mapped peroxisomal enzyme loci, Hao-1 and Cs, closely localized on chromosome 2.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00485130
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selective breeding for acoustic priming (1976)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 6 (1976), S. 375-383 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: audiogenic seizures ; mice ; acoustic priming ; genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Data on eight generations of selective breeding for acoustic priming efficacy are reported. The realized heritability of this trait is approximately 0.2–0.3, indicating that the trait is determined in part by genetic factors. Animals selectively bred for acoustic priming do not differ in terms of first-trial (i.e., non-priming-induced) audiogenic seizures. These data suggest that acoustic priming and first-trial audiogenic seizures are controlled by different genetic mechanisms.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01065695
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  • 19
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    Behavior genetics of olfactory responses inDrosophila. I. Olfactometry and strain differences inDrosophila melanogaster (1976)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 6 (1976), S. 407-420 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: chemical attractant ; Drosophila melanogaster ; genetics ; olfactory response ; strain difference
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract A simple olfactometer was constructed for measuring the responses of adultDrosophila to odoriferous substances, and an index (attractability index, AI) is proposed to evaluate the response. Five strains ofDrosophila melanogaster of different geographic origins were tested for their responses to five chemical attractants: ethyl alcohol, acetic acid, lactic acid, ethyl acetate, andn-butyraldehyde. Statistical analysis has shown that the differences of AI among strains are highly significant for all the odorants except acetic acid and that male flies are, in general, less sensitive than females. The number of flies which were inactive in the olfactometer also varied with strain, sex, and odorant, suggesting the involvement of some other behaviors, and this raises some difficulties in interpreting the heterogeneities of AI. Nevertheless, these results suggest that a considerable amount of genetic variation for olfactory response exists in natural population ofD. melanogaster.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01065698
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
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    Correlated response in selection for aggressiveness in female mice. I. Male aggresiveness (1976)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 6 (1976), S. 421-427 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: aggression ; artificial selection ; correlated character ; genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Males from the fifth selected generation of a selection program for aggressiveness in femaleMus musculus (Ebert and Hyde, 1976) were tested to determine whether male aggressiveness showed a correlated response in selection for female aggressiveness. The results indicated that male aggression had not shown a correlated response. Differences among males from the high, control, and low lines were not statistically significant in one replication and were significant but not in the predicted order in the other replication. There were marginally significant line x sex interactions. The rank correlation between male and female aggression scores was 0.20, which was not significant. The results suggest that male aggressiveness and female aggressiveness are under separate genetic control. Data for generation S5 females are also reported; differences among the high, control, and low lines continue to be significant.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01065699
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  • 21
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    Inherited inadequate uterine environment leading to mental retardation: Negative evidence in pedigree data (1976)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 6 (1976), S. 467-471 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: mental retardation ; maternal effect ; uterine environment ; genetics ; pedigrees
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract The frequency of mental retardation in the offspring of maternal aunts of retarded probands is compared with the frequency in offspring of other aunts or uncles of the same probands. There is no support for inherited uterine inadequacy as an explanatory factor for mental retardation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01065703
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    Electronic Resource
    Level of functioning of siblings and parents of probands of varying degrees of retardation (1976)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 6 (1976), S. 473-477 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: mental retardation ; genetics ; socioeconomic status
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract A further analysis of already published data supports the position that retardates of low ability level less frequently have retarded siblings, retarded parents, and parents low in occupational level than do retardates higher in ability level. The analysis supports the position that there are two types of retarded individuals, persons retarded as a result of gene or chromosomal anomalies, brain injury, etc., who more frequently occur in the lower-level retardate group, and persons whose retardation represents polygenic segregation, who more frequently occur in the higher-level group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01065704
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