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  • genetics
  • Springer  (34)
  • 1995-1999  (12)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1975-1979  (22)
  • 1996  (12)
  • 1976  (22)
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  • 1995-1999  (12)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1975-1979  (22)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Components of variation of morphological characters in Australian Aphis gossypii: host-plant effects predominate (1996)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 80 (1996), S. 166-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Schlagwort(e): phenotypic plasticity ; genetics ; environmental factors ; Homoptera ; Aphididae
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00194750
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hypothetical quantitative trait loci (QTL) for circadian period of locomotor activity in CXB recombinant inbred strains of mice (1996)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 26 (1996), S. 505-511 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Schlagwort(e): Inbred mouse ; genetics ; quantitative trait loci ; locomotor activity ; circadian rhythms
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Psychologie
    Notizen: Abstract The locomotor activity of male mice (Mus musculus) of 13 CXB (BALB/cBy × C57BL/6J) recombinant inbred (RI) strains and their progenitor strains was monitored for 4 to 6 weeks by infrared photoelectric beams under constant dark. The circadian period (τ) of locomotor activity was calculated and used in quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis of strains' means. Results were compared with potential QTL found in a previous study of the BXD RI series. The mean τ of 13 CXB RI mouse strains (three to six animals per strain) in constant dark had a unimodal distribution suggesting polygenic inheritance. A number of potential QTL were found for this trait. There were two associations atp〈.001,H23 on chromosome 3 andPmv16 on chromosome 16. A region of chromosome 1 was associated with τ in both CXB and BXD RI series. There was also a conjunction with a locus determined from QTL analysis of the previously reported τ of wheel running activity in seven CXB RI strains (Schwartz and Zimmerman, 1990).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02359755
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Autosomal genetic control of the activity of a new variant ornithine transcarbamylase in chicken kidney (1976)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 14 (1976), S. 507-515 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Schlagwort(e): ornithine transcarbamylase ; chicken ; genetics ; mutation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract The mode of inheritance of the gene for chick kidney ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC), found previously as a genetic variant, was investigated. White Leghorn B line males homozygous for the allele for the variant OTC gene were selected using the California Gray breed, having a near-absolute deficiency of the enzyme. Then further crosses of the two breeds were made. The mean value of the OTC level of F1 progeny was about 170 units. Chicks from the backcross generation were divided into two groups, of high activity and low activity, in a ratio of 1:1. F2 chicks were divided into three groups: one-fourth of the chicks were classified as a “super high” group, one-half were “high,” and the remaining one-fourth were “low” the mean values for OTC level were 356.7, 196.4, and 15.6 units, respectively. From these results, it was suggested that the variant OTC represents a simple autosomal incompletely dominant trait.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00486130
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Esterases in the mosquito Culex pipiens pipiens L.: Formal genetics and polymorphism of adult esterases (1976)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 14 (1976), S. 481-493 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Schlagwort(e): genetics ; esterases ; Culex pipiens pipiens ; polymorphism
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract The genetics of two esterase loci active in autogenous adults of the mosquito Culex pipiens pipiens L. has been studied by means of starch gel electrophoresis. Three alleles at the Est-1 locus and eight at the Est-2 locus are described. Both loci have a null allele. Active alleles are codominant and there is no hybrid enzyme in heterozygotes. The Est-1 locus codes esterases preferentially hydrolyzing α-naphthylacetate and the Est-2 locus esterases preferentially hydrolyzing β-naphthylacetate. Strains homozygous for both loci were selected. Linkage studies of the two loci have shown that they are not sex linked but are linked to each other, the crossover frequency being 8.6%. The polymorphism of two laboratory and two natural populations is described for both loci. Phenotypic distributions are in good agreement with Hardy-Weinberg expectations.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00486128
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effects of the Bgs locus on mouse β-galactosidase (1976)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 14 (1976), S. 921-932 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Schlagwort(e): β-galactosidase ; mouse ; recombinant inbred lines ; genetics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract The Bgs locus determines tissue levels of β-galactosidase in the mouse, so that enzyme levels are twice as high in mice carrying the Bgs hallele as in mice carrying the Bgs dallele (Felton et al., 1974). By immunotitration with antiserum to purified β-galactosidase, we have found that the Bgs locus influences the amount of enzyme protein present in the tissues. We have utilized recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between C57BL/6J and DBA/2J mice to confirm the location of the Bgs locus on chromosome 9. The inhibition of mouse β-galactosidase by the active-site-directed reagent N-bromoacetyl-β-d-galactosylamine has been investigated. β-Galactosidase from the high and low Bgs strains has identical affinity for this inhibitor.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00485125
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Genetics of peroxisomal enzymes in the mouse: Nonlinkage of d-amino acid oxidase locus (Dao) to catalase (Cs) and l-α-hydroxyacid oxidase (Hao-1) loci on chromosome 2 (1976)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 14 (1976), S. 981-987 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Schlagwort(e): d-amino acid oxidase ; peroxisomes ; genetics ; hydroxyacid oxidase ; catalase
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract An electrophoretic polymorphism of the peroxisomal enzyme d-amino acid oxidase was observed in NZC strain Mus musculus. F1 (NZC × BALB/c) mice showed a codominant allele two-banded phenotype which is inconsistent with the dimeric subunit structure reported for this enzyme in other species. The enzyme locus (Dao) was shown to segregate independently of Hao-1, encoding the peroxisomal enzyme hydroxyacid oxidase (liver or A4 isozyme). Thus Dao is not linked to previously mapped peroxisomal enzyme loci, Hao-1 and Cs, closely localized on chromosome 2.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00485130
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Dissociation-recombination of intergenic sunflower alcohol dehydrogenase isozymes and relative isozyme activities (1976)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 14 (1976), S. 87-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Schlagwort(e): Helianthus annuus ; alcohol dehydrogenase ; intergenic isozymes ; genetics ; isozyme activity
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Two unlinked genes, Adh 1 and Adh 2, control the production of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) in seeds of the annual sunflower (Helianthus annuus). Each gene is polymorphic, having F and S alleles. Starch gel electrophoretic zymograms of the four possible double homozygotes have three bands, representing two homodimers and an intermediately migrating intergenic isozyme. Zymograms of double heterozygotes consist of nine bands produced by ten isozymes: six intragenics and four intergenics, two of which are coincident. Results of dissociation-recombination (D-R) experiments are reported which demonstrate the subunit composition of the intergenic isozymes, thus supporting the relationships suggested by genetic studies. Densitometric tracings of the zymogram of a cleared gel and measurements of activities of homodimer isozymes eluted from gels following D-R of an intergenic isozyme showed that the Adh 2 isozymes were more than twice as active as those of Adh 1. Measurements of activities of crude extracts from the four possible double homozygous genotypes indicated that the seeds of the genotype Adh 1 F /Adh 1 F , Adh 2 S /Adh 2 S produced more activity than the other three. This genotype is the most common one found in wild and cultivated stocks. Isozymes eluted following electrophoresis of the same extracts had averages of 19%, 70%, and 11% of total activity contributed by the Adh 1, Adh2, and intergenic isozymes, respectively. A simple but efficient method of isozyme elution from starch gels is described which resulted in nearly full expected recovery (approximately 46%) of the ADH activity in the applied sample.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00484876
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Gene regulation in Drosophila: Independent expression of closely linked, related structural loci (1976)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 14 (1976), S. 709-721 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Schlagwort(e): regulation ; genetics ; development ; genome organization
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract A number of biochemical and genetic features shared by aldehyde oxidase and pyridoxal oxidase in Drosophila melanogaster indicate a close relationship between these enzymes. The present work shows that probable structural genes for these enzymes are within about 0.08 map unit of each other. Comparison with intensively studied regions of the genome suggests that this value is of the order of magnitude expected for adjacent functional units. Despite this close linkage, there is no indication of coordinate expression of the two enzymes. These results are consistent with the idea that each structural gene is under control of its own regulatory region, but alternative explanations are possible.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00485336
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Plasma protease inhibitor (PI) system in the laboratory opossum,Monodelphis domestica (1996)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 34 (1996), S. 389-399 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Schlagwort(e): protease inhibitor ; polymorphism ; genetics ; Monodelphis domestica
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Protease inhibitor (PI) polymorphism was observed in the laboratory opossum,Monodelphis domestica, by either one-dimensional acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE; pH 4.6) or isoelectric focusing (pH 3.5-5.0) followed by immunoblotting with rabbit antiserum to human α1-antitrypsin; but acid PAGE produced superior resolution of the PI proteins. Family studies demonstrated an inheritance of nine codominant autosomal alleles,PI D ,PI E ,PI F ,PI G ,PI H ,PI I ,PI J ,PI K , andPI M , and a population study revealed frequencies of 0.411, 0.010, 0.341, 0.034, 0.023, 0.071, 0.035, 0.020, and 0.055, respectively.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00554414
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Biology of a duplicate gene system with glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in Drosophila melanogaster: Genetic analysis and differences in fitness components and reaction to environmental parameters among Zw genotypes (1976)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 14 (1976), S. 823-833 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Schlagwort(e): fitness ; Zw genotypes ; genetics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract There are two structural forms of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in Drosophila melanogaster. Whether one or the other or both show in vitro (and probably in vivo) activity depends on the genotype of a sex-linked locus (Zw). In this article, the relative fitnesses of heterozygotes (with both electromorphs active) and homozygotes (with activity demonstrable for only one or the other electromorph) for the Zw locus are described. It is shown that the relative fitness of heterozygotes increases with increase in population density, or degree of crowding and trophic stress, and that the mean development times of Zw heterozygotes are lower than those of the Zw homozygotes. In addition, and perhaps accounting for the fitness and viability excess of the heterozygotes, one set of evidence strongly suggests that they are better buffered against trophic stress than the homozygotes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00485344
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  • 11
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Assortative mating for relative weight: Genetic implications (1996)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 26 (1996), S. 103-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Schlagwort(e): Assortative mating ; heritability ; relative body weight ; genetics ; mate selection ; phenotypic variation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Psychologie
    Notizen: Abstract Most work on the genetics of relative weight has not considered the role of assortative mating, i.e., mate selection based on similarity between mates. We investigated the extent to which engaged men and women in an archival longitudinal database were similar to each other in relative body weightprior to marriage and cohabitation. After controlling for age, a small but statistically significant mate correlation was found for relative weight (r=.13,p=.023), indicating some assortative mating. Furthermore, we examined whether mate similarity in relative weight prior to marriage predicts survival of the marriage. No significant effects were found. In sum, these results are consistent with those of other studies in suggesting that there is a small but significant intermate correlation for relative weight. However, they are unique in showing that these results cannot be explained on the basis of (a) cohabitation, (b) age similarity, or (c) selective survival of marriages between couples more similar in relative weight. The implications of these findings for heritability studies, linkage studies, and the estimation of shared environmental effects are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02359888
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  • 12
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Intake of ethanol, sodium chloride, sucrose, citric acid, and quinine hydrochloride solutions by mice: A genetic analysis (1996)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 26 (1996), S. 563-573 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Schlagwort(e): Mouse ; genetics ; ethanol consumption ; sweet ; salty ; bitter ; sour
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Psychologie
    Notizen: Abstract Mice of the 129/J (129) and C57BL/6ByJ (B6) strains and their reciprocal F1 and F2 hybrids were offered solutions of ethanol, sucrose, citric acid, quinine hydrochloride, and NaCl in two-bottle choice tests. Consistent with earlier work, the B6 mice drank more ethanol, sucrose, citric acid, and quinine hydrochloride solution and less NaCl solution than did 129 mice. Analyses of each generation's means and distributions showed that intakes of ethanol, quinine, sucrose, and NaCl were influenced by a few genes. The mode of inheritance was additive in the case of ethanol and quinine, for sucrose the genotype of the 129 strain was recessive, and for NaCl it was dominant. Citric acid intake appeared to be influenced by many genes with small effects, with the 129 genotype dominant. Correlations of sucrose consumption with ethanol and citric acid consumption were found among mice of the F2 generation, and the genetically determined component of these correlations was stronger than the component related to environmental factors. The genetically determined correlation between sucrose and ethanol intakes is consistent with the hypothesis that the higher ethanol intake by B6 mice depends, in part, on higher hedonic attractiveness of its sweet taste component.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02361229
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  • 13
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Genetic analyses ofCochliobolus heterostrophus albino mutant with deficiencies at two loci (1996)
    Springer
    Mycoscience 37 (1996), S. 345-349 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2545
    Schlagwort(e): albino mutant ; Cochliobolus heterostrophus ; genetics ; melanin
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A new class of albino mutant ofCochliobolus heterostrophus was isolated. Its colony color was indistinguishable from that of albino mutants previously reported. Application of the melanin intermediate scytalone induced this mutant to pigment slightly, but not completely. Genetic analyses showed that the mutant had two deficient genes. When only one of these genes was deficient, the colony color was indistinguishable from the wild type, whereas deficiency of both genes resulted in the albino phenotype. These deficiencies lie upstream of scytalone biosynthesis. These genes were designated asCal1 andCal2.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02461307
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  • 14
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The degree of lateralization of paw usage (handedness) in the mouse is defined by three major phenotypes (1996)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 26 (1996), S. 391-406 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Schlagwort(e): Lateralization of paw preference ; direction of paw usage ; handedness ; mouse strains ; genetics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Psychologie
    Notizen: Abstract Lateralization of paw usage in the laboratory mouse may be a useful model system in which to assess the genetic and developmental cause of asymmetry of hand usage. With a set number of paw reaches from a centrally placed food tube, individual mice from an inbred strain will exhibit a reliable number of left and right paw reaches. For a single inbred strain, there are approximately equal numbers of left-pawed and right-pawed mice, but strain differences have been reported in the degree of lateralization of paw preference. We reported a preliminary strain survey in which the strains appeared to fall into two groups of highly lateralized and weakly lateralized paw preference (Biddleet al., 1993). We review here our expanded survey of genetically different strains and stocks of the laboratory mouse, including different species and subspecies. The major genetic trait is the degree of lateralization of paw preference and the strain differences appear to fall into three major classes of highly lateralized, weakly lateralized, and ambilateral preference. The trait exhibits both additivity and dominance in preliminary reciprocal crosses, depending on which strain pairs are used. The wide difference between strains that have highly lateralized and ambilateral paw preference suggests specific genetic tools that could be used to begin a genetic dissection of the causes of this trait. Preliminary assessment of the size of the corpus callosum in three strains with significantly different degrees of lateralization suggests that genetically determined deficiencies and absence of this structure are not the direct cause of the strain differences in the trait of degree of lateralization. In the expanded survey, some strains appear to exhibit a directional deviation from equal numbers of mice with left and right paw usage. Therefore, direction of paw usage may not be a genetically neutral trait, but replicate assessments and genetic tests are needed to confirm this.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02359483
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  • 15
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hybrid grass-clump dwarfness in wheat: Physiology and genetics (1976)
    Springer
    Euphytica 25 (1976), S. 471-483 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Triticum aestivum ; wheat hybrid weekness ; hybrid grass-clump dwarfness ; hybrid dwarfness ; physiology ; genetics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The growth of all grass-clump dwarfs is sensitive to temperature with low temperature giving rise to the grass-clump phenotype and high temperature producing normal phenotype. A continuous temperature of 26°C is required for normal growth of Type 1 dwarfs, a continuous temperature of 21°C is required for normal growth of Ty[e 2 dwarfs and a continuous temperature of 16°C is required for normal growth of Type 3 dwarfs. Genetic studies show that the inheritance of the grass-clump characteristic is due to three complementary dominant genes. The grass-clump growth habit is produced as a result of the temperature sensitivity of the apical meristem. In grass-clump plants low temperature treatment results in the cessation of cell division, DNA synthesis and phospholipid synthesis in the apical meristem. The primary temperature lesion has not been identified. Prolonged low temperature treatment of grass-clump plants results in extensive cell necrosis in a region just below the apical meristem; this cell death results in the permanent inactivation of the apical meristem.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00041581
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  • 16
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Genetic control of photoperiodic sensivity and maturity in spring wheat within narrow limits of adaptation (1976)
    Springer
    Euphytica 25 (1976), S. 489-498 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; photoperiodic sensitivity ; maturity ; genetics ; adaptation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Photoperiodic respose, as assessed by a regression technique, exhibited complete dominance averaged over the crosses of an eight parent diallel in the vernalized condition. Photoperiodic response as final leaf number for the vernalized 8-hour photoperiod diallel was closely related to photoeriodic response of the regression method. However, the diallel analyses of both sets of data showed little agreement in terms of respectieve array positions. The inheritance of photoperiodic response in diallels using regression values showed little agreement between the vernalized and unvernalized conditions. This difference was postulated to be due to interaction of vernalization and photoperiodic response in the unvernalized situation. In the unvernalized condition photoperiodic response exhibited non-allelic interaction, attributable mainly to the cultivar Pinnacle in general behaviour in its crosses. Its removal gave a situation of high average dominance for photoperiodic response with a clear indication that high photoperiodic sensitivity was dominant to comparative insensitivity. Days to ear emergence (vernalized and 18-hour photoperiod) exhibited non-allelic interaction in its expression, due mainly to the general behaviour of the cultivar Pinnacle in its crosses. Removal of its array gave a situation of a moderately strong degree of overdominance in the expression of days to ear emergence. Maturity differences amongst parents and F1's, vernalized and under 18-hour photoperiod, are postulated to be due to a factor other than vernalization or photoperiodic response beheved to be growth temperature in differentially in fluencing growth and/or developmental rates between genotypes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00041583
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  • 17
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The genetics of naked oats (Avena nuda L.) (1976)
    Springer
    Euphytica 25 (1976), S. 167-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Avena nuda ; oats ; naked grain ; multiflorous spikelets ; genetics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The inheritance of the character complex of naked grain and multiflorous spikelets was studied in a diallel set of crosses comprising five varieties of naked oats (Avena nuda)-As 78, Manu, Caesar, Nuprime and AJ86/2/1-and one variety of husked oats (A. sativa), Maris Oberon. In the F1 generation the distribution of multiflorous spikelets was in all cases similar to that of the mid-parent. Crosses between the varieties of A. nuda produced only naked grain on plants in the F1 and F2 generations, indicating that ‘nakedness’ in the varieties studied was determined by the same loci. The three-gene model proposed by Moule (1972) for the determination of A. nuda characters was inadequate to account for the observed F2 segregation in naked x husked crosses. An extension of this model is proposed to include a third modifying gene, N3, which in the homozygous dominant condition produces the husked phenotype when the principal gene, N, is heterozygous. The model assumes complex epistatic relationships between the three modifying genes N1, N2 and N3. Published information and further experimental data suggest that the genotype NN--N3N3 is uncommon. The expression of the genes determining nakedness was greatly influenced by the environment.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00041542
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  • 18
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Genetic segregation of the deformed flower gene in trisomics of Solanum chacoense (1976)
    Springer
    Euphytica 25 (1976), S. 313-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Solanum chacoense ; deformed flower ; genetics ; trisomics ; potato ; ancuploid
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The gene df (deformed flower), which is expressed as short anther in sensitive cytoplasm, has been incorporated into the trisomic series of S. chacoense Bitt. The cytoplasmic sensitivity and genotypes for the gene df were tested in the original trisomics and their parents. Two diploid parents were found to be homozygous dominant for Df, while one was homozygous recessive. All the parents and trisomics tested had resistant cytoplasm. Six trisomics were heterozygous for df, segregating with a 1:1 ratio when they were crossed to the homozygous testers ([df s]dfdf). When the F1 trisomics (trisomics x [Df r]dfdf) were crossed to the homozygous testers, nine of the 13 trisomics segregated with a 1:1 ratio, three with a 0:1 ratio (all deformed) and one trisomic (V1682.3) with a 2:1 ratio. All the parents of the trisomic V1682.3 were homozygous dominant for Df. This clone is believed to be trisomic for the gene df.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00041562
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  • 19
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Genetic analysis of hexaploid wheat, Triticum aestivum using intervarietal chromosome substitution lines—protein content and grain weight (1976)
    Springer
    Euphytica 25 (1976), S. 65-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; chromosome substitution ; protein content ; grain weight ; genetics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The 21 intervarietal chromosome substitution lines of the cultivar Hope in Chinese Spring were used to analyse the genetic differences between the two cultivars Hope and Chinese Spring in grain protein content and grain weight. Only one chromosome of ‘Hope, 5D’, significantly influenced grain protein content of ‘Chinese Spring’. Its influence was of only minor effect and was to decrease protein content expression of ‘Chinese Spring’. It has been postulated that the genetic control of protein content, in this instance, is most likely due to many genes each of small effect. Five chromosomes of ‘Hope’ influenced the 1000 grain weight value of normal ‘Chinese Spring’, all increasing its expression. Chromosomes 1A, 4A and 5B were of major effect and 3A and 6A of comparatively minor effect. A minimal estimate of five genes determines the difference in grain size between these cultivars. The possible evolutionary significance of the contribution of the A genome of bread wheat to grain size determination is discussed. On the basis of certain findings of this study, proposals are made for breeding for increased grain size in hexaploid wheat.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00041529
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  • 20
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Genetics of resistance to an isolate of Alternaria triticina causing leaf blight of wheat (1976)
    Springer
    Euphytica 25 (1976), S. 769-775 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; Alternaria triticina ; leaf blight ; resistance ; genetics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Genetics of field resistance to Alternaria triticina was studied in a diallel set of crosses using ten cultivars of wheat which included eight resistant and two susceptibles. Susceptibility if NP 830 was found to be controlled by a dominant gene and that of NP 891 by two dominant complementary genes. The resistant cultivars NP 824, NP 835, NP 852, C 281, E 5477, E 5550, E 5878 and UP 303 carry the recessive alleles of the genes present in NP 830 and NP 891. All the resistant cultivars used in the study carried identical gene(s) for resistance to A. triticina. The gene(s) responsible for resistance appear to have come from NP 4 and Turkey, both of which seem to have evolved simultaneously in nature. The gene(s) for susceptibility in NP 830 and NP 891 were found to be different. It is assumed that these genes come from either Motia (Triticum durum) or Khapli (T. dicoccum) in NP 830 and from Gaza (T. durum) in NP 891.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00041617
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  • 21
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Dwarfing and lethal genes in apple progenies (1976)
    Springer
    Euphytica 25 (1976), S. 505-514 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Malus sp. ; apple ; dwarfing ; lethality ; genetics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Three dwarf types are described, early dwarf, determined by two recessive genes d 1 and d 3, in the double homozygous state, and an additional recessive gene d 4 and crinkle dwarf and sturdy dwarf each also determined by a recessive gene. The gene l, for pale green lethal was found to be closely linked to the gene V f , for scab resistance. There was evidence of a regrowth promoting gene, G, in some seedlings homozygous for d 1 and d 3.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00041585
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  • 22
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Inheritance of scent in rice (1976)
    Springer
    Euphytica 25 (1976), S. 659-662 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Oryza sativa ; rice ; scent ; genetics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Inheritance of scent in rice and its association with pigmented characters were studied in T-141 × K-44-1. Four complementary genes appeared to control scent, one of them showing linkage with a complementary gene for glume colour and a supplementary gene for red pigment in apiculus. This group formed part of V (Prp)linkage group of Misro et al. (1966) in which case Pg and P were additions.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00041603
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  • 23
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Variation in pigment content of flour color in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (1976)
    Springer
    Euphytica 25 (1976), S. 685-691 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Triticum aestivum ; wheat flour color ; flour pigment content ; variation ; genetics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Variation in pigment content of the flour of bread wheats (Triticum aestivum L.) was studied in the progenies of F1 and F2 of three crosses and their reciprocals. Reciprocal differences in pigment content were observed in the F1 and F2 means. Low pigment content was found to be partially dominant or over dominant in the crosses studied. There was evidence of substantial mid-parent F1 heterosis in all crosses and betterparent F1 heterosis in three crosses. In the F2, heritability estimates were moderate to high. The F2 frequency distributions were not normal. Estimation of effective factor pairs indicated the presence of one or two major gene pairs involved in the expression of pigment content in the flour. Action of modifiers was also assumed in one cross and its reciprocal. A factorial approach to metrical character suggested that the F2 segregation ratios of low pigment content to high pigment content were 3:1, 15:1, 13:3 and 9:7 for the different crosses. Utilization of the findings in a wheat breeding program is briefly discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00041607
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  • 24
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Heritability of β-glucan, groat percentage, and crown rust resistance in two oat crosses (1996)
    Springer
    Euphytica 91 (1996), S. 359-364 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Avena sativa ; oats ; β-glucan ; crown rust ; Puccinia coronata avenae ; genetics ; groat
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Parent-offspring regression was used to estimate heritability for three traits (β-glucan content, groat percentage, and resistance to crown rust (Puccinia coronata Cda. f. sp. avenae Eriks.) in oat (Avena sativa L.). The populations used were derived from two crosses, Nova x Marion QC and Sylva x Marion QC. Marion QC was used as a parent because other research had shown that it is relatively high in β-glucan, a trait for which heritability had not previously been estimated. Nova and Sylva are similar in adaptation to Marion QC, and Sylva may be a source of general resistance to crown rust. Random F5 plants were grown in a greenhouse, and their F6 and F7 progeny were grown in replicated field trials. Heritability estimates for the two grain quality traits were based on regression of F6 values on F5 values, F7 values on F6 values, and F7 values on F5 values. Heritability estimates for β-glucan content were between 0.27 and 0.45. The highest estimate was the one based on the F6 and F7 generations of Sylva x Marion QC: 0.45, compared to estimates of 0.32 or less for earlier generations of the same cross, and to estimates of 0.35 or less for all generations of Nova x Marion QC. Heritability estimates for groat percentage were all between 0.23 and 0.32. The F6 and F7 generations were evaluated for resistance to crown rust resistance. The Sylva x Marion QC cross seemed to segregate for heritable resistance (h 2=0.31) but the Nova x Marion QC cross did not (h 2=0.07). Several lines from the Sylva x Marion QC cross had low symptoms in both the F6 and F7 generations. There were no strong genetic correlations among the traits.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00033098
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  • 25
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Bacterial species and evolution: Theoretical and practical perspectives (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 17 (1996), S. 137-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Schlagwort(e): bacteria ; species concepts ; genetics ; diversity ; evolution
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Abstract A discussion of the species problem in modern evolutionary biology serves as the point of departure for an exploration of how the basic science aspects of this problem relate to efforts to map bacterial diversity for practical pursuits—for prospecting among the bacteria for useful genes and gene-products. Out of a confusing array of species concepts, the Cohesion Species Concept seems the most appropriate and useful for analyzing bacterial diversity. Techniques of allozyme analysis and DNA fingerprinting can be used to put this concept into practice to map bacterial genetic diversity, though the concept requires minor modification to encompass cases of complete asexuality. Examples from studies of phenetically definedBacillus species provide very partial maps of genetic population structure. A major conclusion is that such maps frequently reveal deep genetic subdivision within the phenetically defined specles; divisions that in some cases are clearly distinct genetic species. Knowledge of such subdivisions is bound to make prospecting within bacterial diversity more effective. Under the general concept of genetic cohesion a hypothetical framework for thinking about the full range of species conditions that might exist among bacteria is developed and the consequences of each such model for species delineation, and species identification are discussed. Modes of bacterial evolution, and a theory of bacterial speciation with and without genetic recombination, are examined. The essay concludes with thoughts about prospects for very extensive mapping of bacterial diversity in the service of future efforts to find useful products. In this context, evolutionary biology becomes the handmaiden of important industrial activities. A few examples of past success in commercializing bacterial gene-products from species ofBacillus and a few other bacteria are reviewed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01574687
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  • 26
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Anencephalus and spina bifida: An ecological approach (1976)
    Springer
    Human ecology 4 (1976), S. 209-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9915
    Schlagwort(e): anencephalus ; spina bifida ; disease ecology ; teratology ; genetics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Energietechnik , Ethnologie
    Notizen: Abstract The ecological approach to the etiology of disease involves consideration of the complex interactions of factors related to the host, agent, and environment. Although the ecological approach was developed with regard to infectious diseases, this article suggests its application as a meaningful approach to understanding the etiology of anencephalus and spina bifida. Host, agent, and environmental factors thought to be important in the development of these malformations are discussed. Translation of this conceptual approach into a testable model is needed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01534286
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  • 27
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Genotypic differences in polyembryo formation and somatic embryogenesis increment in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), following 2,4-D treatment (1996)
    Springer
    Euphytica 89 (1996), S. 345-348 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): gramineae ; polyembryony ; somatic embryogenesis ; Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; genetics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary In the course of experiments performed to obtain haploid wheat plants in which 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) was applied to developing spikes, it was found that three cultivars showed a different ability to produce polyembryos (Thatcher 20.19%, Chris 7.06%, Dollar 0%). This behaviour was related to their capacity to form somatic embryos. Diploid immature embryos cultured in vitro after 2,4-D treatment, gave a higher frequency of embryogenic callus in Thatcher and Chris than in Dollar. As the common factor in both experiments was the 2,4-D treatment we propose that the three cultivars showed a differential sensitivity to 2,4-D.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00022291
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  • 28
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Major genes for resistance to beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) in Beta vulgaris (1996)
    Springer
    Euphytica 91 (1996), S. 331-339 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): beet necrotic yellow vein virus ; Beta vulgaris ; sugar beet ; breeding ; genetics ; major gene resistance ; virus resistance
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Inheritance of resistance to beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) was studied in segregating F2 and backcross families obtained from crosses between resistant plants of the sugar beet selection Holly-1-4 or the wild beet accession Beta vulgaris subsp. maritima WB42 and susceptible parents. Greenhouse tests were carried out, in which seedlings were grown in a mixture of sand and infested soil. Virus concentrations of BNYVV in the rootlets were estimated by ELISA. To discriminate resistant and susceptible plants, mixtures of normal distributions were fitted to log10 virus concentrations, estimated for segregating F1, F2 and BC populations of both accessions. The hypothesis that Holly-1-4 contained one single dominant major gene was accepted. For WB42, results fitted with the hypotheses that resistance was based on either one (or more) dominant major gene(s) showing distorted segregation, or two complementary dominant genes, which are both required for resistance. Resistance from WB42 appeared to be more effective against BNYVV than resistance from Holly-1-4.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00033095
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  • 29
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Selective breeding for acoustic priming (1976)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 6 (1976), S. 375-383 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Schlagwort(e): audiogenic seizures ; mice ; acoustic priming ; genetics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Psychologie
    Notizen: Abstract Data on eight generations of selective breeding for acoustic priming efficacy are reported. The realized heritability of this trait is approximately 0.2–0.3, indicating that the trait is determined in part by genetic factors. Animals selectively bred for acoustic priming do not differ in terms of first-trial (i.e., non-priming-induced) audiogenic seizures. These data suggest that acoustic priming and first-trial audiogenic seizures are controlled by different genetic mechanisms.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01065695
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  • 30
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Behavior genetics of olfactory responses inDrosophila. I. Olfactometry and strain differences inDrosophila melanogaster (1976)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 6 (1976), S. 407-420 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Schlagwort(e): chemical attractant ; Drosophila melanogaster ; genetics ; olfactory response ; strain difference
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Psychologie
    Notizen: Abstract A simple olfactometer was constructed for measuring the responses of adultDrosophila to odoriferous substances, and an index (attractability index, AI) is proposed to evaluate the response. Five strains ofDrosophila melanogaster of different geographic origins were tested for their responses to five chemical attractants: ethyl alcohol, acetic acid, lactic acid, ethyl acetate, andn-butyraldehyde. Statistical analysis has shown that the differences of AI among strains are highly significant for all the odorants except acetic acid and that male flies are, in general, less sensitive than females. The number of flies which were inactive in the olfactometer also varied with strain, sex, and odorant, suggesting the involvement of some other behaviors, and this raises some difficulties in interpreting the heterogeneities of AI. Nevertheless, these results suggest that a considerable amount of genetic variation for olfactory response exists in natural population ofD. melanogaster.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01065698
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  • 31
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Correlated response in selection for aggressiveness in female mice. I. Male aggresiveness (1976)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 6 (1976), S. 421-427 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Schlagwort(e): aggression ; artificial selection ; correlated character ; genetics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Psychologie
    Notizen: Abstract Males from the fifth selected generation of a selection program for aggressiveness in femaleMus musculus (Ebert and Hyde, 1976) were tested to determine whether male aggressiveness showed a correlated response in selection for female aggressiveness. The results indicated that male aggression had not shown a correlated response. Differences among males from the high, control, and low lines were not statistically significant in one replication and were significant but not in the predicted order in the other replication. There were marginally significant line x sex interactions. The rank correlation between male and female aggression scores was 0.20, which was not significant. The results suggest that male aggressiveness and female aggressiveness are under separate genetic control. Data for generation S5 females are also reported; differences among the high, control, and low lines continue to be significant.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01065699
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  • 32
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Inherited inadequate uterine environment leading to mental retardation: Negative evidence in pedigree data (1976)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 6 (1976), S. 467-471 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Schlagwort(e): mental retardation ; maternal effect ; uterine environment ; genetics ; pedigrees
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Psychologie
    Notizen: Abstract The frequency of mental retardation in the offspring of maternal aunts of retarded probands is compared with the frequency in offspring of other aunts or uncles of the same probands. There is no support for inherited uterine inadequacy as an explanatory factor for mental retardation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01065703
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  • 33
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Level of functioning of siblings and parents of probands of varying degrees of retardation (1976)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 6 (1976), S. 473-477 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Schlagwort(e): mental retardation ; genetics ; socioeconomic status
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Psychologie
    Notizen: Abstract A further analysis of already published data supports the position that retardates of low ability level less frequently have retarded siblings, retarded parents, and parents low in occupational level than do retardates higher in ability level. The analysis supports the position that there are two types of retarded individuals, persons retarded as a result of gene or chromosomal anomalies, brain injury, etc., who more frequently occur in the lower-level retardate group, and persons whose retardation represents polygenic segregation, who more frequently occur in the higher-level group.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01065704
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  • 34
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Characterization and genetic analysis of field isolates ofBotryotinia fuckeliana (Botrytis cinerea) resistant to dichlofluanid (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of plant pathology 102 (1996), S. 607-613 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8469
    Schlagwort(e): dichlofluanid ; fungicides ; genetics ; resistance ; grey mould
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Abstract Field isolates ofBotryotinia fuckeliana were collected from naturally infected plants. Their responses to the multisite fungicide dichlofluanid in mycelium growth test fell into three phenotypic classes, characterized by the following EC50 (and MIC) values inμg ml−1: sensitivity, 1–3 (6–10); low resistance, 3–10 (〉 100); high resistance, 10–30 (〉 100). The corresponding values obtained for these classes in a spore germination test were respectively: ≅ 0.05 (0.2), 0.05–0.1 (0.5), 0.5–1 (0.9–1.5). Resistant isolates were crossed with two sensitive and two resistant strains of appropriate mating type to determine the genetic basis of resistance. Distribution of resistance phenotypes in ascospore progeny indicated that a gene, namedDic1, was probably responsible for the low or high resistance of 14 mutants selectively collected from experimental plots of greenhouse-grown gerbera sprayed several times with dichlofluanid or tolyfluanid. A second gene, namedDic2, was probably responsible for the low resistance displayed by two isolates (from grapevine and from carnation) maintained in the laboratory collection. As a result of the investigation, the use of dichlofluanid in integrated management programmes against grey mould is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01877241
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