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  • Other Sources  (877)
  • ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING  (877)
  • 1980-1984  (877)
  • 1
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    The ac power line protection for an IEEE 587 Class B environment (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: The 587B series of protectors are unique, low clamping voltage transient suppressors to protect ac-powered equipment from the 6000V peak open-circuit voltage and 3000A short circuit current as defined in IEEE standard 587 for Category B transients. The devices, which incorporate multiple-stage solid-state protector components, were specifically designed to operate under multiple exposures to maximum threat levels in this severe environment. The output voltage peaks are limited to 350V under maximum threat conditions for a 120V ac power line, thus providing adequate protection to vulnerable electronic equipment. The principle of operation and test performance data is discussed.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Langley Research Center Intern. Aerospace and Ground Conf. on Lightning and Static Elec.; 5 p
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  • 2
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    Theory of high-harmonic rectangular gyrotron for TE(mn) modes (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: In this paper, the linearized relativistic Vlasov equation is solved and a dispersion relation is calculated for the interaction between a relativistic electron beam and the electromagnetic fields of a rectangular waveguide supporting TE(mn) modes. The dispersion relation is simplified to the special case of a frame of reference moving with the electrons and the resulting coupling coefficient epsilon(mn)super l is calculated for various TE(mn) modes. The dependence of epsilon(mn)super l on the parity of the harmonic number l and various mn modes of the waveguide are discussed.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices (ISSN 0018-9383); ED-31; 1212-121
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  • 3
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    High-efficiency V-band GaAs IMPATT diodes (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Double-drift GaAs IMPATT diodes were designed for V-band frequency operations and fabricated using molecular-beam epitaxy. The diodes were fabricated in two configurations: (1) circular mesa diodes with silver-plated (integrated) heat sinks: (2) pill-type diodes bonded to diamond heat sinks. Both configurations utilized a miniature quartz-ring package. Output power greater than 1 W CW was achieved at V-band frequencies from diodes on diamond heat sinks. The best conversion efficiency was 13.3 percent at 55.5 GHz with 1 W output power.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Electronics Letters (ISSN 0013-5194); 20; 212-214
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  • 4
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    K-band FET amplifier for satellite downlink (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: State-of-the-art performance is demonstrated with solid-state amplifiers in K-band. The amplifier provides 8.2 watts of power with 39 dB gain over a frequency band of 1.4 GHz. Nonlinearity analyses of solid-state amplifiers suggest that system performance can be improved significantly by using an FET amplifier. Preliminary investigations reveal that the solid-state amplifiers can be space-qualified and can be expected to replace the TWTA in many communication links in the near future. It is pointed out that with improvements in device technology, the power, bandwidth and efficiency of solid-state amplifiers using FETs can be further improved. With FETs operating at a junction temperature of less than 125 C, solid-state amplifiers are inherently reliable, indicating a ten-year mean time to failure.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Microwave Journal (ISSN 0026-2897); 27; 115
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  • 5
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    Test structures for propagation delay measurements on high-speed integrated circuits (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The accuracy of high-speed wafer-level measurements on digital IC's is limited by the probe interface. This limitation strongly encourages the use of built-in on-chip test hardware to reduce the number of critical off-chip high-speed interfaces. A novel synchronous propagation delay test structure is described which will provide accurate parametric data under typical automatic test conditions. Built-in test features added to complex combinational circuits are shown which are useful for delay measurement and which reduce the total number of high-speed I/O connections while still providing acceptable fault coverage in many cases.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices (ISSN 0018-9383); ED-31; 1072-107
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  • 6
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    Space-charge behavior of 'Thin-MOS' diodes with MBE-grown silicon films (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Basic theoretical and experimental characteristics of a novel 'Thin-MOS' technology, which has promising aspects for integrated high-frequency devices up to several hundred gigahertz are presented. The operation of such devices depends on charge injection into undoped silicon layers of about 1000-A thickness, grown by molecular beam epitaxy on heavily doped substrates, and isolation by thermally grown oxides of about 100-A thickness. Capacitance-voltage characteristics measured at high and low frequencies agree well with theoretical ones derived from uni and ambipolar space-charge models. It is concluded that after oxidation the residual doping in the epilayer is less than approximately 10 to the 16th/cu cm and rises by 3 orders of magnitude at the substrate interface within less than 100 A and that interface states at the oxide interface can be kept low.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Solid-State Electronics (ISSN 0038-1101); 27; 867-880
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  • 7
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    An improved forward I-V method for nonideal Schottky diodes with high series resistance (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Two methods are described to obtain the value of the series resistance (R) of a Schottky diode from its forward I-V characteristic. The value of R is then used to plot the curve ln(I) versus V sub D (= V - IR) which becomes a straight line even if ln(I) versus V does not. The ideality factor n and the Schottky-barrier height of the diode then follow from the standard procedure. The main advantages of the methods are: (1) a linear regression can be used to calculate the value of R; (2) many data points are used over the whole data range, which raises the accuracy of the results, and (3) the validity of constant R assumption can be checked by the linearity of the ln (I) versus V sub D curve. The methods are illustrated on the experimental data of a real diode.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices (ISSN 0018-9383); ED-31; 1502
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  • 8
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    Electron trapping in rad-hard RCA IC's irradiated with electrons and gamma rays (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Enhanced electron trapping has been observed in n-channels of rad-hard CMOS devices due to electron and gamma-ray irradiation. Room-temperature annealing results in a positive shift in the threshold potential far beyond its initial value. The slope of the annealing curve immediately after irradiation was found to depend strongly on the gate bias applied during irradiation. Some dependence was also observed on the electron dose rate. No clear dependence on energy and shielding over a delidded device was observed. The threshold shift is probably due to electron trapping at the radiation-induced interface states and tunneling of electrons through the oxide-silicon energy barrier to fill the radiation-induced electron traps. A mathematical analysis, based on two parallel annealing kinetics, hole annealing and electron trapping, is applied to the data for various electron dose rates.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science (ISSN 0018-9499); NS-31; 1492-149
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  • 9
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    MOSFET and MOS capacitor responses to ionizing radiation (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The ionizing radiation responses of metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) field-effect transistors (FETs) and MOS capacitors are compared. It is shown that the radiation-induced threshold voltage shift correlates closely with the shift in the MOS capacitor inversion voltage. The radiation-induced interface-state density of the MOSFETs and MOS capacitors was determined by several techniques. It is shown that the presence of 'slow' states can interfere with the interface-state measurements.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science (ISSN 0018-9499); NS-31; 1461-146
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  • 10
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    Dose rate effects in MOS microcircuits (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Three read/write random access memories, AM91L24, HM1-6514, and MWS 5114, were subjected to total dose irradiation at three dose rates, with electrical testing after each increment of dosage. Annealing measurements were performed after the radiation tests were completed. The AM91L24 showed a strong dose rate effect and substantial post-irradiation annealing of radiation-induced damage. The dose rate effect was that a lower dose rate produced less net damage than an eqivalent total dose applied at a higher rate. The HM1-6514 showed essentially no dose rate effect and no annealing damage, and the MWS 5114 exhibited a moderate effect with some annealing. It was concluded that dose rate is an important parameter in radiation test procedures for MOS microcircuits and that annealing measurements may be important evaluation aids for such tests.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science (ISSN 0018-9499); NS-31; 1348-135
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  • 11
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    Bipolar junction transistor models for circuit simulation of cosmic-ray-induced soft errors (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: This paper examines bipolar junction transistor models suitable for calculating the effects of large excursions of some of the variables determining the operation of a transistor. Both the Ebers-Moll and Gummel-Poon models are studied, and the junction and diffusion capacitances are evaluated on the basis of the latter model. The most interesting result of this analysis is that a bipolar junction transistor when struck by a cosmic particle may cause a single event upset in an electronic circuit if the transistor is operated at a low forward base-emitter bias.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Journal of Applied Physics (ISSN 0021-8979); 56; 2964-297
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  • 12
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    A compact high current pulsed electron gun with subnanosecond electron pulse widths (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: A magnetically-collimated, double-pulsed electron gun capable of generating electron pulses with a peak instantaneous current of approximately 70 microamps and a temporal width of 0.35 ns (FWHM) has been developed. Calibration is accomplished by measuring the lifetime of the well known 2(1P)-to-1(1S) transition in helium (58.4nm) at a near-threshold electron-impact energy by use of the delayed-coincidence technique.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Journal of Physics E - Scientific Instruments (ISSN 0022-3735); 17; 1008-101
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  • 13
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    The effects of cooling on delay-time limits in IC's (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The effect of cooling as a fundamental limit to delay times in IC's was considered. It appears that the delay time should be decreased at cryogenic temperatures.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: JPL Proc. of the Cold Electronics Workshop; p 70-82
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  • 14
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    Recent developments in semiconductor research (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Recent findings drawn from various laboratories focused toward a new understanding of the nature of crystal growth and how impurities are incorporated or excluded from the lattice were considered. From these findings a heuristic approach is given for improving the uniformity and charge carrier concentration of thin semiconductor films. Such improvement is considered essential to achieve respectable yield on large scale integrated circuits. A tentative conclusion is drawn which indicates that if the host compound crystal reactants are provided to the growing crystal surface in a reasonably stoichiometric manner, it is virtually impossible to include impurities into a growing crystal surface held at a sufficiently low temperature; impurities are incorporated into the crystal by gettering action of crystal defects located one and two monlayers beneath the growing surface. Devices in 3-5 semiconductors based on heterojunctions and two dimensional electron gases are noted and reliability concerns are voiced. Alternatives and novel device structures such as truly single crystal high quality silicon on insulator and beta silicon carbide devices are presented.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: JPL Proc. of the Cold Electronics Workshop; p 40-50
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  • 15
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    Cold electronics: An overview (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Generally speaking, several roles are seen for low temperatures in electronics: As a means of extracting better performance from existing technology, avoiding expense and delay required for the advances in design or fabrication which would be needed to achieve the same performance at room temperature. As a necessity in the quest for improved performance, to counteract detrimental effects which arises as technology is pushed to extremes. As an opportunity to take advantage of effects made available by low temperature operation, and to develop new devices based on them. The electronic devices and circuits considered are those based on semiconductivity. Superconductive devices and circuits are not included.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Proc. of the Cold Electronics Workshop; p 3-22
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  • 16
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    Stability of multifrequency negative-resistance oscillators (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: A general criterion is derived for the stability of a negative-resistance oscillator with respect to small perturbations in the operating point. The derivation applies when the oscillator output consists of an arbitrary number of related frequency components, including possible nonharmonic components. Examples are given of the application of the stability criterion to coaxial IMPATT oscillator circuits, with experimental verification of the frequency and output power at theoretically determined stable operating points.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques (ISSN 0018-9480); MTT-32; 1310-131
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  • 17
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    Single beam synthesis from thinned arrays (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Radio astronomers have investigated spatial frequencies and their relationship to apertures with the objective to improve the resolution in radio observations. Welch (1965) has related Fourier transform theory developed for linear communications to aperture design problems, while Fakley (1959) has conducted a comparison between the performances of a time-averaged product array and an intraclass correlator. The present investigation is concerned with an approach which resembles very closely the intraclass correlator system considered by Fakley. A description is presented of a process whereby a thinned array of elements samples selected spatial frequencies from a uniform signal wave front incident on the array. The spatial frequencies are used to generate a set of synthetic spatial frequencies which behave as though they had been sampled by a fully filled array. Beam formation is obtained by summing the set of synthetic spatial frequencies.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Acoustical Society of America, Journal (ISSN 0001-4966); 76; 465-474
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  • 18
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    NASA seeking high-power 60-GHz IMPATT diodes (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Recent progress in the development of high-power 60 GHz GaAs IMPATT diodes for communication links with high-data-rate satellites is discussed. One of the advantages of GaAs over Si as the material for the diodes are that GaAs is likely to have a higher output and efficiency than Si despite recent advances in Si technology. It is therefore in GaAs technology that research is currently concentrating. Some of the design strategies of the various companies working on the technology are described, including a pill process, MOCVD growth, and the use of diethy zinc as a dopant. Reliability testing of the diodes will be performed by NASA. Some of the alternatives to solid state amplifiers are discussed, including optical and traveling wave tube technology (TWT).
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Microwaves & RF (ISSN 0745-2993); 23; 100-102
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  • 19
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    Integrating amplifiers using cooled JFETs (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: It is shown how a simple integrating amplifier based on commercially available JFET and MOSFET switches can be used to measure photocurrents from detectors with noise levels as low as 1.6 x 10 to the -18th A/root Hz (10 electrons/sec). A figure shows the basic circuit, along with the waveform at the output. The readout is completely nondestructive; the reset noise does not contribute since sampling of the accumulated charge occurs between resets which are required only when the stored charge has reached a very high level. The storage capacity ranges from 10 to the 6th to 10 to the 9th electrons, depending on detector parameters and linearity requirements. Data taken with an Si:Sb detector operated at 24 microns are presented. The responsivity agrees well with the value obtained by Young et al. (1981) in the transimpedance amplifier circuit. The data are seen as indicating that extremely low values of NEP can be obtained for integration times of 1 sec and that longer integrations continue to improve the SNR at a rate faster than the square root of time when background noise is not present.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Applied Optics (ISSN 0003-6935); 23; 1308
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  • 20
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    A high-speed digital signal processor for atmospheric radar, part 7.3A (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The Model SP-320 device is a monolithic realization of a complex general purpose signal processor, incorporating such features as a 32-bit ALU, a 16-bit x 16-bit combinatorial multiplier, and a 16-bit barrel shifter. The SP-320 is designed to operate as a slave processor to a host general purpose computer in applications such as coherent integration of a radar return signal in multiple ranges, or dedicated FFT processing. Presently available is an I/O module conforming to the Intel Multichannel interface standard; other I/O modules will be designed to meet specific user requirements. The main processor board includes input and output FIFO (First In First Out) memories, both with depths of 4096 W, to permit asynchronous operation between the source of data and the host computer. This design permits burst data rates in excess of 5 MW/s.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: International Council of Scientific Unions Middle Atmosphere Program: Handbook for MAP. Vol. 14; p 280-284
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  • 21
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    Construction of complementary code sequence sets, part 7.1D (1984)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A set of code sequences is a complementary code sequence set if the sum of the aperiodic autocorrelation functions for the sequences is zero everywhere except at the origin. A simple construction for sets of complementary code sequences is discussed.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: International Council of Scientific Unions Middle Atmosphere Program: Handbook for MAP. Vol. 14; p 276-277
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  • 22
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    The Rubidium-Crystal Oscillator Hybrid Development Program (1984)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The rubidium-crystal oscillator hybrid (RbXO) will make precise time available to systems that lack the power required by atomic frequency standards. The RbXO consists of two subassemblies in separate enclosures. One contains a small rubidium frequency standard (RFS) without its internal oven-controlled crystal oscillator (OCXO), plus interface circuits. The second contains a low-power OCXO, and additional interface circuits. The OCXO is on continuously. Periodically, e.g., once a week, the user system applies power to the RFS. After the few necessary for the warmup of the RFS, the interface circuits adjust the frequency of the OCXO to the RFS reference, then shut off the RFS. The OCXO enclosure is separable from the RFS enclosure so that manpacks will be able to operate with minimum size, weight, and power consumption, while having the accuracy of the RFS for the duration of a mission. A prototype RbXO's RFS has operated successfully for 4200 on-off cycles. Parallel efforts on a Phase 2 RbXO development are in progress. Two sources for the RbXO are scheduled to be available during 1986.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Proc. of the 16th Ann. Precise Time and Time Interval (PTTI) Appl. and Planning Meeting; p 157-165
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  • 23
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    Motor/generator and electronic control considerations for energy storage flywheels (1984)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A spacecraft electric power supply system is described. Requirements of the system are to accelerate a momentum wheel to a fixed maximum speed when solar energy is available and to maintain a constant voltage on the spacecraft bus under varying loads when solar energy is not available. Candidate motor types, pulse width modulated current control systems, and efficiency considerations are discussed. In addition, the Lunar Roving Vehicle motors are described along with their respective efficiencies.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Langley Research Center An Assessment of Integrated Flywheel System Technol.; p 389-406
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  • 24
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    Comparative Performance Assessment of INTELSAT 5 Nickel Hydrogen and Nickel Cadmium Batteries (1984)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The first Nickel Hydrogen battery deployment onboard a commercial geosynchronous communications satellite was realized with the launch of the INTELSAT 5, Flight 6 spacecraft on 19 May 1983. The initial five spacecrafts in this series are equipped with Nickel Cadmium batteries. Based on the data available on both types of batteries, design and operational performance comparisons of INTELSAT 5 Nickel Cadmium batteries are presented. General characteristics of the INTELSAT 5 spacecraft as related to electrical-power-subsystem functions and battery operations are summarized.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1983 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 539-555
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  • 25
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    Deep Reconditioning Testing for near Earth Orbits (1984)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The problems and benefits of deep reconditioning to near Earth orbit missions with high cycle life and shallow discharge depth requirements is discussed. A simple battery level approach to deep reconditioning of nickel cadmium batteries in near Earth orbit is considered. A test plan was developed to perform deep reconditioning in direct comparison with an alternative trickle charge approach. The results demonstrate that the deep reconditioning procedure described for near Earth orbit application is inferior to the alternative of trickle charging.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1983 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 309-323
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  • 26
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    Prediction Model for the Life of Nickel-cadmium Batteries in Geosynchronous Orbit Satellites (1984)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A mathematical model is described which predicts the service life of nickel-cadmium batteries designed for geosynchronous orbit satellites. Regression analysis technique is used to analyze orbital data on second generation trickle charged batteries. The model gives average cell voltage as a function of design parameters, operating parameters and time. The voltage model has the properties of providing a good fit to the data, good predictive capability, and agreement with known battery performance characteristics. Average cell voltage can be predicted to within 0.02 volts for up to 8 years. This modeling shows that these batteries will operate reliably for 10 years. Third-generation batteries are expected to operate even longer.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1983 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 263-273
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  • 27
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    Shunt Diode Designs in Li/cf Shuttle Batteries (1984)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Although Li/CF cells and batteries have an excellent safety record, they are included with other battery systems that require additional safety precautions. One precaution suggested is the inclusion of shunt diodes into these batteries. The benefits of this addition are examined. All cells tested at elevated temperatures vent regardless of length of time between being fully discharged and reversed or inclusion of the diode in the system. Cells discharged at ambient temperatures all show a relatively quick reversal, but stabilize at voltages that are high enough that the diodes are not functioning. Cells tested at depressed temperatures reverse the deepest of all cells tested, with the deepest reversal occurring very early in the test and voltages recovering to above -0.60 volts near the end of the tests. Anode limited cells will eliminate the venting during hot reversal.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1983 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 171-182
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  • 28
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    High Rate Discharge Studies of LI/SO2 Batteries (1984)
    In:  CASI
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    Description: A battery composed of twelve lithium/sulfur dioxide D size cells in series is forced discharged at 21 amperes. This current is established by the proposed use of the battery and represented a discharge condition which might produce venting. Discharge of the battery into voltage reversal results not only in cells venting but also in the violent rupture of at least one cell.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1983 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 159-169
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  • 29
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    Testing of Candidate Batteries for Global Positioning System (1984)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Three lithium batteries proposed as candidates for use in the Global Positioning System are studied. The batteries are discharged at several rates and temperatures both before and after environmental testing. Batteries are heated inside a closed chamber until they vent. Samples of the vented gases are analyzed for components which might be toxic. The test results raise concerns about each of the proposed batteries.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1983 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 129-137
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    T/R switch design for short-range measurements, part 6.1A (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The positive intrinsic negative (PIN) diode switch which is designed to protect the receiver from burnout or damage on transmission and channel the echo signal to the receiver on reception is outlined. The receiver must be protected firmly. A schematic diagram of a transformer rectifier (TR-ATR) switch for the Urbana Radar is shown. The T/R switch consists of a half wavelength coaxial cavity with tuning condenser and PIN diodes. Two UM4300 PIN diodes were mounted between the inner and outer conductor. The dc biasing voltage required for the PIN diodes is supplied by a control circuit. On transmission, the PIN diodes are forward biased to about 0.5 amperes. On reception, about 10 volts reverse voltage is applied to the diodes, which produces an initial reverse current to speed the recovery time. The T/R switch characteristics are estimated and the result of testing at different peak transmitter powers from 410 kW to 1500 kW is shown.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: International Council of Scientific Unions Middle Atmosphere Program: Handbook for MAP. Vol 14; p 251-252
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    Bipolar Nickel-hydrogen Batteries for Aerospace Applications (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A bipolar nickel-hydrogen battery which effectively addresses all key requirements for a spacecraft power system, including long-term reliability and low mass, is discussed. The design of this battery is discussed in the context of system requirements and nickel-hydrogen battery technology in general. To achieve the ultimate goal of an aerospace application of a bipolar Ni-H2 battery several objectives must be met in the design and development of the system. These objectives include: maximization of reliability and life; high specific energy and energy density; reasonable cost of manufacture, test, and integration; and ease in scaling for growth in power requirements. These basic objectives translate into a number of specific design requirements, which are discussed.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1983 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 495-505
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  • 32
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    Long Life Nickel Electrodes for a Nickel-hydrogen Cell: Cycle Life Tests (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: In order to develop a long life nickel electrode for a Ni/H2 cell, cycle life tests of nickel electrodes were carried out in Hi/H2 boiler plate cells. A 19 test cell matrix was made of various nickel electrode designs including three levels each of plaque mechanical strength, median pore size of the plaque, and active material loading. Test cells were cycled to the end of their life (0.5v) in a 45-minute low earth orbit cycle regime at 80% depth-of-discharge. The results show that the active material loading level affects the cycle life the most with the optimum loading at 1.6 g/cc void. Mechanical strength did not affect the cycle life noticeably in the bend strength range of 400 to 700 psi. The best plaque type appears to be one which is made of INCO nickel powder type 287 and has a median pore size of 13 micron.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1983 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 449-462
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    Characterization of Open Circuit Voltage and Capacity as a Function of Time (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: It is noted from the data presented that Li/BCX cells lose approximately 8% of their rated capacity in the first 2 months of storage. After this period of time, little difference is noted in the average realized capacity; however, a significant increase in the range is observed. Over the same period of time the OCV falls at a rate of 0.02V per 1,000 hours. After a period of 8,000 hours the OCV appears stabilize at a value of approximately 3.75V. This may be related to changes in Cl2 concentration due to self-discharge or other reactions. These data indicate that no correlation exists between the reduced open circuit voltage and the realized capacity.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1983 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 87-96
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  • 34
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    Characterization of Glass Fiber Separator Material for Lithium Batteries (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Characterization studies were carried out on a glass fiber paper that is currently employed as a separator material for some LiSOCl2 primary cells. The material is of the non-woven type made from microfilaments of E-type glass and contains an ethyl acrylate binder. Results from extraction studies and tensile testing revealed that the binder content and tensile strength of the paper were significantly less than values specified by the manufacturer. Scanning electron micrographs revealed the presence of clusters of impurities many of which were high in iron content. Results of emission spectroscopy revealed high overall levels of iron and leaching, followed by atomic absorption measurements, revealed that essentially all of this iron is soluble in SOCl2.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1983 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 97-108
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  • 35
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    Regenerative Hydrogen-oxygen Fuel Cell-electrolyzer Systems for Orbital Energy Storage (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Fuel cells have found application in space since Gemini. Over the years technology advances have been factored into the mainstream hardware programs. Performance levels and service lives have been gradually improving. More recently, the storage application for fuel cell-electrolyzer combinations are receiving considerable emphasis. The regenerative system application described here is part of a NASA Fuel Cell Program which was developed to advance the fuel cell and electrolyzer technology required to satisfy the identified power generation and energy storage need of the Agency for space transportation and orbital applications to the year 2000.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1983 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 23-42
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  • 36
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    Improving slipring performance (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The original slipring design for communications spacecraft, the handling and testing of the slipring assembly before launch, the on orbit performance indicating the need for improvement in dynamic noise, the subsequently incorporated design improvements, and the results of testing to verify noise performance improvement are described.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 18th Aerospace Mech. Symp.; p 111-130
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  • 37
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    Tunable Heterodyne Receiver from 100 Micron to 1,000 Micron for Airborne Observations (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-18
    Description: Interest in high resolution spectrometers for the submillimeter wavelength range from 100 micron to 1,000 micron is mostly stimulated by molecular spectroscopy in radioastronomy and atmospheric physics, and by plasma diagnostic experiments. Schottky diodes in waveguide mixer technology and InSb-hot electron bolometers are successfully used in the 0.5 to a few millimeter range whereas tandem Fabry-Perot spectrometers combined with photoconductive detectors (Ge:Sb and Ge:Ga) are used for the 100 micron range. Recent research on heterodyne spectrometers, with Schottky diodes in an open structure mixer and a molecular laser as local oscillators, which can be used over the whole wavelength range is summarized.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Ames Research Center Airborne Astron. Symp.; p 330-334
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  • 38
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    Hot-spot investigations of utility scale panel configurations (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The causes of array faults and efforts to mitigate their effects are examined. Research is concentrated on the panel for the 900 kw second phase of the Sacramento Municipal Utility District (SMUD) project. The panel is designed for hot spot tolerance without comprising efficiency under normal operating conditions. Series/paralleling internal to each module improves tolerance in the power quadrant to cell short or open circuits. Analtyical methods are developed for predicting worst case shade patterns and calculating the resultant cell temperature. Experiments conducted on a prototype panel support the analytical calculations.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: JPL Proc. of the Flat-Plate Solar Array Proj. Res. Forum on the Design of Flat-Plate Photovoltaic Arrays for Central Sta.; p 37-48
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  • 39
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    Si MOS devices at low temperatures (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Low temperature operation of micron and submicron size Si MOSFETs (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect-transistors) results in their improved device characteristics. Various low temperature device properties such as increase in mobility, shift in the theshold voltage, increased reliability, etc., were considered. Other device characteristics such as the subthreshold behavior, delay times and miniaturization at low temperatures are discussed. Discussion includes presenting experimental results along with physical models explaining the observed effects.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: JPL Proc. of the Cold Electronics Workshop; p 83-91
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  • 40
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    Physical electronics of cooled operation of very short compound semiconductor trasnsistors (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Very high performance is being developed in compound semiconductor transistors. High frequency and low noise figure operation in the GaAs FET have already been established. Substantially more performance increases are expected. A comparison of compound semiconductor materials, and their alloys, the physical concepts of high average electron velocity, and the special benefits of modulation doped heterojunction FET devices is presented.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: JPL Proc. of the Cold Electronics Workshop; p 51-69
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  • 41
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    Diamond shines in high-power devices (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The 20-W S-band power amplifiers aboard the GOES E and F spacecraft exemplify the problems that type-IIa diamond heat sinks have been developed to solve, including the requirement for junction temperatures to be kept below 125 C. Diamond heat sinks allow high power S-band semiconductors to operate at a flange temperature of 70 C without exceeding the stipulated maximum junction temperature. Type-IIA diamond, which is an excellent electrical insulator, possesses a thermal conductivity four times better than pure copper at 100 C, and outperforms BeO by an even greater margin. Higher costs are offset by high reliability. Attention is presently given to the results of tests conducted by the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Microwaves & RF (ISSN 0745-2993); 23; 74
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  • 42
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    Basic principles of coaxial launch technology (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Already in the 1930s, a discrete-coil mechanically synchronized launcher was built. At the present time, research is almost entirely directed towards railguns. However, although coaxial accelerators are more complex than railguns, they have certain unique advantages. Some of these advantages are related to the absence of physical contact requirements with the projectile, the possibility of a scale-up to very large projectile size, and the availability of up to 100 times more thrust for a given current. The price of the advantages is the need for a drive current in the form of pulses synchronized precisely with transit of each projectile coil through each drive coil. At high velocities, high voltages are required, and high voltage switching represents the technology limit on launch velocity. Attention is given to inductance gradients, the double hump, methods of excitation, methods of synchronization, projectile configuration, energy supply, fundamental limits, trends, and research needs.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Magnetics (ISSN 0018-9464); MAG-20; 227-230
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  • 43
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    Effect of reabsorbed recombination radiation on the saturation current of direct gap p-n junctions (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The application of the radiative transfer theory for semiconductors to p-n homojunctions subject to low level injection conditions is discussed. By virtue of the interaction of the radiation field with free carriers across the depletion layer, the saturation current density in Shockley's expression for the diode current is reduced at high doping levels. The reduction, due to self-induced photon generation, is noticeable for n-type material owing to the small electron effective mass in direct band-gap III-V compounds. The effect is insignificant in p-type material. At an equilibrium electron concentration of 2 x 10 to the 18th/cu cm in GaAs, a reduction of the saturation current density by 15 percent is predicted. It is concluded that realistic GaAs p-n junctions possess a finite thickness.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Solid-State Electronics (ISSN 0038-1101); 27; 913-915
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  • 44
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    Total-dose and dose-rate dependence of proton damage in MOS devices during and after irradiation (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Rad-hard CMOS/bulk inverters with input gates high and low were irradiated by protons with a nominal energy of 8 MeV in an effort to determine the total-dose and dose-rate dependence of threshold voltage shifts, both during and immediately after irradiation and over extended periods of time thereafter. It is shown that the effects in rad-hard MOS devices which are produced by specific proton and electron energies in the space environment could be simulated by cobalt-60 induced effects through careful and proper selection of total does and dose rates. This selection must be based on an experimentally established relationship of Co-60 to electron or proton damage. It is demonstrated that the simulation can be accomplished both during and after irradiation, in the long-term postirradiation period, as well as in the damage state immediately after bombardment.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science (ISSN 0018-9499); NS-31; 1444-144
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  • 45
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    Total dose effects in the 54HC family of microcircuits (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Motorola and National Semiconductor 54HC00 and 54HC74 microcircuits were evaluated using CO-60 to determine their total dose radiation hardness. The devices were found to be radiation soft failing parametrically between 5 and 10 K rads and functionally between 20 and 40 K rads. The failures were bias dependent, relatively insensitive to dose rate, and only annealed moderately when left unbiased at room temperature.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science (ISSN 0018-9499); NS-31; 1358-136
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  • 46
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    Experimental determination of single-event upset (SEU) as a function of collected charge in bipolar integrated circuits (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Single-Event Upset (SEU) in bipolar integrated circuits (ICs) is caused by charge collection from ion tracks in various regions of a bipolar transistor. This paper presents experimental data which have been obtained wherein the range-energy characteristics of heavy ions (Br) have been utilized to determine the cross section for soft-error generation as a function of charge collected from single-particle tracks which penetrate a bipolar static RAM. The results of this work provide a basis for the experimental verification of circuit-simulation SEU modeling in bipolar ICs.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science (ISSN 0018-9499); NS-31; 1167-117
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  • 47
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    SEU of complementary GaAs static RAMs due to heavy ions (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The first measurement of single event upset (SEU) for complementary GaAs static RAMs caused by heavy ions is reported. Upset cross-sections of the circuits for 28 MeV oxygen ions are reported as well as the linear energy transfer (LET) threshold established by using 170 MeV oxygen ions at various angles of beam incidence.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science (ISSN 0018-9499); NS-31; 1121-112
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  • 48
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    Monolithically integrated array of GaAlAs electroabsorption modulators (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The operation of an eight-element monolithic array of GaAlAs electroabsorption modulators has been demonstrated. The single-mode waveguide modulators are implemented in a reverse-biased p-pi-n heterojunction configuration, with center-to-center spacing of 9 microns between adjacent channels. This device may be useful for intensity modulation in high (spatial) resolution applications.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Electronics Letters (ISSN 0013-5194); 20; 678-680
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  • 49
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    Performance of metal meshes as a function of incidence angle (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Inductive mesh transmission has been measured for the two major polarizations as a function of incidence angle. The experimental data agree well with Chen's (1970) waveguide theory in the thin mesh limit. As an aid in making more rapid predictions of mesh properties, Chen's theory is used to derive an empirical lumped circuit model. This model matches the theory and experiment to one percent over critical areas of transmission.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Applied Optics (ISSN 0003-6935); 23; 4228-423
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  • 50
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    A comparison of IMPATT oscillator power and frequency above 100 GHz with results derived from theoretical models (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: This investigation is concerned with a comparison of measured 117-GHz IMPATT oscillator frequency and output power with results derived from theoretical circuit models. It is pointed out that previous millimeter-wave oscillator models are unsuitable for studying circuit behavior, such as oscillator tuning as a function of waveguide short position or other circuit parameters. In the current study, oscillator circuit modeling techniques, successfully applied at X-band, are applied for the first time to a millimeter-wave IMPATT oscillator circuit. Attention is given to an oscillator circuit description, an IMPATT diode circuit model, a circuit model, and an oscillator analysis.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques (ISSN 0018-9480); MTT-32; 1394-139
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    Test Results of a Ten Cell Bipolar Nickel-hydrogen Battery (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A study was initiated to design and evaluate a new design concept for nickel-hydrogen cells. This concept involved constructing a battery in a bipolar stack with cells consisting of a one plate for each nickel and hydrogen electrode. Preliminary designs at the system level of this concept promised improvements in both volumetric and gravimetric energy densities, thermal management, life extension, costs, and peak power capability over more conventional designs. Test results were most encouraging. This preprototype battery, built with less than ideal components and hardware, exceeded expectations. A total of 2000 LEO cycles at 80 percent depth of discharge were accrued. A cycle life goal of 30,000 cycles appears achievable with minor design changes. These improvements include advanced technology nickel electrodes, insulated bipolar plates and specifically designed frames to minimize shunt currents. The discharge rate capability of this design exceeds 25C. At the 10C discharge rate, 80% of the battery capacity can be withdrawn in six minutes. This data shows that the bipolar design is well suited for those applications requiring high peak power pulses.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1983 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 507-521
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  • 52
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    Factors Affecting Nickel-oxide Electrode Capacity in Nickel-hydrogen Cells (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The nickel-oxide electrode common to the nickel hydrogen and nickel cadmium cell is by design the limiting or capacity determining electrode on both charge and discharge. The useable discharge capacity from this electrode, and since it is the limiting electrode, the useable discharge capacity of the cell as well, can and is optimized by rate of charge, charge temperature and additives to electrode and electrolyte. Recent tests with nickel hydrogen cells and tests performed almost 25 years ago with nickel cadmium cells indicate an improvement of capacity as a result of using increased electrolyte concentration.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1983 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 463-472
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  • 53
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    EMU Battery/module Service Tool Characterization Study (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The power tool which will be used to replace the attitude control system in the SMM spacecraft is being modified to operate from a self contained battery. The extravehicular mobility unit (EMU) battery, a silver zinc battery, was tested for the power tool application. The results obtained during show the EMU battery is capable of operating the power tool within the pulse current range of 2.0 to 15.0 amperes and battery temperature range of -10 to 40 degrees Celsius.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: The 1983 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 419-432
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  • 54
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    Performance of the IUE Spacecraft Batteries After 70 Months (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The battery performance of the IUE spacecraft launched in 1977 is updated. Changes made in the battery operational procedures are detailed. The aging effects after several eclipse seasons and the effects of 8 C temperature was anticipated. The batteries met their design goals and should meet the 10 year goal.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: The 1983 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 353-365
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  • 55
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    RCA SATCOM Battery in Orbit Performance Update and Accelerated Life Test Results (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: No significant degradation of nickel cadmium battery performance in SATCOM F1 and F2 after almost 8 and 7-3/4 years in orbit was shown. Battery minimum discharge voltage data are presented for these spacecraft. In addition, 2 groups of nickel cadmium cells which are representative of those in orbit are undergoing real time eclipse-reduced suntime cycling in the laboratory. These groups of cells, which are being cycled at a maximum of 53% and 62% depth of discharge (based on actual capacity), have completed 14 and 15 eclipse seasons, respectively. Data for these groups of cells are presented and are compared with the in-orbit battery data.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1983 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 341-352
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  • 56
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    Prediction of Battery Life and Behavior from Analysis of Voltage Data (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A method for simulating charge and discharge characteristics of secondary batteries is discussed. The analysis utilizes a nonlinear regression technique where empirical data is computer fitted with a five coefficient nonlinear equation. The equations for charge and discharge voltage are identical except for a change of sign before the second and third terms.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1983 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 245-261
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  • 57
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    Performance and Safety to NAVSEA Instruction 9310.1A of Lithium-thionyl Chloride Reserve Batteries (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The design, performance and safety of a fully engineered, selfcontained Li/SOCl2 battery as the power source for underwater applications. In addition to meeting the performance standards of the end user this battery is successfully tested under the rigorous safety conditions of NAVSEA Instruction 9310.1A for use on land, aircraft and surface ships.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1983 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 149-158
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  • 58
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    Comparison of Standard and Heart-pacer Type 3rd Electrodes in Design Variable Cells (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Nine packs of sealed aerospace nickel cadmium cells were put on life test in February 1979. Each 5 cell pack contained one cell with a standard sensor signal electrode and one cell with a new heart pacer sensor signal electrode. Testing was discontinued in May 1983 and the signal electrode performance data was studied. It was found that the heart pacer electrode generally provided a greater voltage swing over a cycle; that both types of electrodes lost significant sensitivity during life, and that both types of electrodes show great signal variation from cell to cell.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: The 1983 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 385-399
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  • 59
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    Management and Performance of APPLE Battery in High Temperature Environment (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: India's first experimental communication satellite, APPLE, carried a 12 AH Ni-Cd battery for supplying power during eclipse. Failure to deploy one of the two solar panels resulted in the battery operating in a high temperature environment, around 40 C. This also resulted in the battery being used in diurnal cycles rather than just half yearly eclipse seasons. The management and performance of the battery during its life of two years are described. An attempt to identify the probable degradation mechanisms is also made.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1983 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 367-383
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    Proust radar: Decoding hardware and coherent integration, part 7.2A (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The Proust Radar decoding handware and coherent integration are specified. The specifications include characteristics, device description and enumeration of advantages and limitations.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: International Council of Scientific Unions Middle Atmosphere Program: Handbook for MAP. Vol. 14; p 278-279
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    Sidelobe reduction of Barker codes, part 7.1C (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Barker codes can be realized as simple digital preprocessors, or with the use of a delay line, can be realized as an analogue device. Assuming the process observed has an autocorrelation time that is long compared to the code length, a gain in signal to noise, G = N where N is the number of elements in the code, may be realized. Typically Barker codes are implemented by shifting the phase of the transmitted signal by 0 or 180 degrees according to the code pattern. A typical detection scheme is shown where the output of the radar receiver is delayed by an analogue delay line or a shift register. The signal in each element of the delay line or shift register is continuously multiplied by the code and all elements are summed. A principal disadvantage was the sidelobe response. In the case of MST or ST radar echoes where there is a dynamic range as large as 60 dB, these unwanted sidelobes cause an increase in the apparent width of atmospheric layers, or some narrow layer to appear at several altitudes. The sidelobes of a Barker code may be reduced by tapering the response of the decoder. Optimum tapers, are shown. It is found that the sidelobe response is greatly reduced with very little loss in G.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: International Council of Scientific Unions Middle Atmosphere Program: Handbook for MAP. Vol. 14; p 273-275
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    Failure Analysis of Nickel-hydrogen Cell Subjected to Simulated Low Earth Orbit Cycling (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A nickel-hydrogen cell completed 10,080 simulated low earth orbit charge/discharge cycles at depths-of-discharge ranging from 50 to 80 percent prior to failure. The cell is of the Air Force design, rated at 50 ampere-hours, 8.9 cm (3.5 inches) in diameter. Upon disassembly, the end of the polysulfone core supporting the electrode stack was found to have fractured. This allowed the electrode stack to expand. A massive short was found at the inner diameter of the electrodes centered roughly at plate set 34 to 37 from the positive end of the electrode stack. The damaged area extended through approximately one third of the electrode stack, with the effect becoming progressively less with distance from plate set 34 to 37. Measured thicknesses of the positive plates were significantly greater than the initial specification values. The postulated cause of failure is that positive plate growth caused fracture of the shoulder from the end of the polysulfone core on which the electrodes are mounted. The electrode stack relieved and pressure points were created at the area near the inner diameter of the plates at the tab attachment. A short occurred at a pressure point between opposing plates and propagated to other electrode sets due to thermal and mechanical stresses caused by the short.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1983 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 523-538
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    Positive Electrode Fabrication for Bi-polar Ni-h2 Cells (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Bi-Polar nickel hydrogen design studies indicated a potential improvement in energy density and specific energy if positive electrodes could be manufactured in configurations of twice or more of the present normal thickness. Such electrodes would have to achieve similar active material loading, utilization, and cycle life to conventional 0.8mm I.P.U. nickel hydrogen electrodes. A capability for producing 1.0mm dry sinter and 1.5mm slurry sinter structures on production processes and equipment was demonstrated. The EPI/USAF electrochemical impregnation process proved capable of loading thick electrodes to 1.60 g/cubic centimeters void or higher. Sample electrodes incurred 2000 high rate stress cycles without significant structural or performance degradation. Formation regimes developed for thin plaque are not optimal for thick plaque and further investigation into electrode capacity build-up would seem warranted. Thick electrode technology development is continuing under other programs and shows promise of fulfilling the projected energy density and specific energy improvements.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1983 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 473-494
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    Preliminary Silver-hydrogen Cell Test Results (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Silver-hydrogen cells were tested. The objective of the test was to estimate useful life by operation at accelerated, simulated geosynchronous orbit conditions. Ten simulated seasons were run and are summarized. The results to-date reflect stable, trouble-free performance and indicate that the silver-hydrogen couple shows promise as a lightweight alternative to the nickel systems.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1983 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 435-447
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  • 65
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    Special Test Methods for Batteries (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Various methods are described for measuring heat generation in primary and secondary batteries as well as the specific heat of batteries and cell thermal conductance. Problems associated with determining heat generation in large batteries are examined. Special attention is given to monitoring temperature gradients in nickel cadmium cells, the use of auxiliary electrodes for conducting tests on battery charge control, evaluating the linear sweep of current from charge to discharge, and determining zero current voltage. The fast transient behavior of batteries in the microsecond range, and the electrical conductance of nickel sinters in the thickness direction are also considered. Mechanical problems experienced in the vibration of Ni-Cd batteries and tests to simulate cyclic fatigue of the steel table connecting the plates to the comb are considered. Methods of defining the distribution of forces when cells are compressed during battery packaging are also explored.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1983 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 401-418
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    In Flight Performance of a Six Ampere-hour Nickel-cadmium Battery in Low Earth Orbit (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Flight data for 17,000 orbital cycles are reviewed and summarized. The nickel cadmium battery system operated without failure or abnormality. Battery trend analysis used in determining the feasibility of extending mission life is discussed. The life test data for 20% depth of discharge indicates design life requirements would be reached even at a deeper depth of discharge.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1983 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 325-340
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    Nickel Cadmium Charge Control Concepts (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The design and testing of charge control concepts for several power systems is presented. The design of the CRAM charge control system for the SAS satellites and the design of the battery charge regulator for the AMPTE satellites is reviewed. Another charge control concept examined is for the OPEN program and its use of a microprocessor. The use of the voltage limiter is also discussed.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1983 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 291-305
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    Ni-cd Battery Life Expectancy in Geosynchronous Orbit (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The feasibility of using nickel cadmium batteries as an alternate if flight qualified NiH2 batteries are not available is explored. Battery life expectancy data being a key element of power system design, an attempt is made to review the literature, life test data and in orbit performance data to develop an up to date estimate of life expectancy for NiCd batteries in a geosynchronous orbit.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1983 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 275-289
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  • 69
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    Electrochemically Deposited Cadmium Electrode for Sealed Ni-cd Cells (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: An investigation into the work on electrochemical cadmium deposition processes is describred. A beaker impregnation system is constructed to investigate the practical limits of loading and the effect of various process parameters. Reasonably high loadings of cadmium are obtained and the process appears amenable to tight control and the production of uniform consistent electrodes. A pilot impregnation facility is built to further investigate electrodeposition processes. Both the inert anode and consummable anode processes are investigated. Results of this evaluation and an analysis of associated problems are presented.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1983 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 199-221
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    Separator Qualification for Aerospace Nickel-cadmium Cells (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The development plans for a new separator for nickel cadmium (NiCd) cells is described. Research includes acceptance testing, operation in a charge/discharge characterization matrix, and life testing in low earth orbit (LEO) and geosynchronous (GEO) orbit under real time and accelerated conditions.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1983 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 185-197
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    Reserve Li/SOC12 Battery Safety Testing (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A reserve Lithium/Thionyl Chloride Battery concept is developed and undergoing feasibility testing in terms of performance, safety and abusive conditions. The feasibility of employing a battery of this type to replace thermal batteries in certain applications is demonstrated. Excellent performance of a Li/SOCl2 reserve battery is obtained across the temperature range from 0 C to +44 C. Performance improvement over the thermal battery usage is greater by a factor of 3 when discharge time and energy density are compared. Performance over an expanded temperature range is also possible. Safety and abusive testing is accomplished successfully on a series of five units. Further performance improvements can be achieved with regard to battery weight and volume reductions.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1983 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 139-148
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    Related Studies in Long Term Lithium Battery Stability (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The continuing growth of the use of lithium electrochemical systems in a wide variety of both military and industrial applications is primarily a result of the significant benefits associated with the technology such as high energy density, wide temperature operation and long term stability. The stability or long term storage capability of a battery is a function of several factors, each important to the overall storage life and, therefore, each potentially a problem area if not addressed during the design, development and evaluation phases of the product cycle. Design (e.g., reserve vs active), inherent material thermal stability, material compatibility and self-discharge characteristics are examples of factors key to the storability of a power source.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1983 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 117-128
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    Performance and Safety Characteristics of Lithium-molybdenum Disulfide Cells (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The lithium-molybdenum disulfide system offers attractive characteristics including high rate capability, successful operation up to 75 C, a very low self-discharge rate, a good cycle life and safety characteristics which compare favorably to those of other lithium cells. Moreover, the materials and manufacturing costs for the system is effectively controlled, so the cells should ultimately be competitive with currently marketed rechargeable cells.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1983 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 65-85
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    Annual Conference on Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects, 21st, Colorado Springs, CO, July 23-25, 1984, Proceedings (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2016-03-09
    Description: Radiation effects on electronic systems and devices (particularly spacecraft systems) are examined with attention given to such topics as radiation transport, energy deposition, and charge collection; single-event phenomena; basic mechanisms of radiation effects in structures and materials; and EMP phenomena. Also considered are radiation effects in integrated circuits, spacecraft charging and space radiation effects, hardness assurance for devices and systems, and SGEMP/IEMP phenomena.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: (ISSN 0018-9499)
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    Cryogenically-cooled, low-noise microwave receivers: Present status and future needs (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-01-25
    Description: An overview (in outline form) of cryogenically cooled, low noise microwave receivers is presented. Included are the following: (1) a state of the art summary; (2) cooled GaAs FET devices; (3) examples of cooled microwave amplifiers; (4) cooling technology; and (5) recommendations for research and development.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: JPL Proc. of the Cold Electronics Workshop; p 92-102
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    Soft-error generation due to heavy-ion tracks in bipolar integrated circuits (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2018-12-01
    Description: Both bipolar and MOS integrated circuits have been empirically demonstrated to be susceptible to single-particle soft-error generation, commonly referred to as single-event upset (SEU), which is manifested in a bit-flip in a latch-circuit construction. Here, the intrinsic characteristics of SEU in bipolar (static) RAM's are demonstrated through results obtained from the modeling of this effect using computer circuit-simulation techniques. It is shown that as the dimensions of the devices decrease, the critical charge required to cause SEU decreases in proportion to the device cross-section. The overall results of the simulations are applicable to most integrated circuit designs.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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    Resonant power processors. II - Methods of control (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The nature of resonant converter control is discussed. Employing the state-portrait, different control methods for series resonant converter are identified and their performance evaluated based on their stability, response to control and load changes and range of operation. A new control method, optimal-trajectory control, is proposed which, by utilizing the state trajectories as control laws, continuously monitors the energy level of the resonant tank. The method is shown to have superior control properties especially under transient operation.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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    Resonant power processors. I - State plane analysis (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: State-plane techniques in conjunction with piecewise-linear analysis is employed to study the steady-state and transient characteristics of a series resonant converter. With the direct viewing of the resonant tank energy and the device switching instants, the state portrayal provides unique insights into the complex behavior of the converter. Operation of the converter under both continuous and discontinuous current modes and at frequencies both below and above resonant frequency are discussed.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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    Near field to far field transformations and multiple beam forming and steering (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The feasibility of acoustic verification of microwave near field to far field transformation algorithms using the Phased Array Sonic Simulation System was studied. Existing electromagnetic near field measurement techniques and transformation algorithms (equations) were investigated. It was analytically determined that acoustic verification is valid. Acoustic simulation of electromagnetic near field to far field transformations is emphasized. The acoustic simulation of electromagnetic near field to far field transformation is verified for the modal expansion method. In the modal expansion method, data from antenna near field measurements are converted to a summation or spectrum of modes corresponding to wave numbers in the measurement coordinate system. Fourier transformation of those measurements preserves the far field information in a spectral form that is then readily extractable.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA-CR-171935 , NAS 1.26:171935
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  • 80
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    Avalanche Photodiode Statistics in Triggered-avalanche Detection Mode (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-13
    Description: The output of a triggered avalanche mode avalanche photodiode is modeled as Poisson distributed primary avalanche events plus conditionally Poisson distributed trapped carrier induced secondary events. The moment generating function as well as the mean and variance of the diode output statistics are derived. The dispersion of the output statistics is shown to always exceed that of the Poisson distribution. Several examples are considered in detail.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: The Telecommunications and Data Acquisition Rept.; p 69-80
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    A High-performance Hybrid RF Isolation Amplifier (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-12
    Description: A high-performance hybrid RF Isolation Amplifier (Iso-Amp) has been developed at JPL. The circuit exhibits a unique combination of RF characteristics at performance levels exceeding those of any commercially available device. Recent improvments in the design have resulted in significantly higher reverse isolation, a four-fold increase in bandwidth and improve reliability. These devices are very useful in RF and IF signal conditioners, instrumentation, and signal generation and distribution equipment. These Iso-Amps should find wide application in future DSN and R&D RF systems.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: The Telecommun. and Data Acquisition Rept.; p 1-8
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    ISEE-3 Microwave Filter Requirements (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-10
    Description: The 64 m subnet is committed to support the International Sun Earth Explorer (ISEE-3) spacecraft. The uplink and one of the downlink frequencies will be respectively, 2090 and 2217 MHz. As these two frequencies fall outside the normal DSN transmit and receive bands, the 64-m antennas present new filter requirements, which are analyzed.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: The Telecommun. and Data Acquisition Rept.; p 114-119
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    High Power K Sub a -band Transmitter for Planetary Radar and Spacecraft Uplink (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-17
    Description: A proposed conceptual design of a 400 kW continuous wave (CW)K sub a band transmitter and associated microwave components to be used for planetary radar and serve as a prototype for future spacecraft uplinks is discussed. System requirements for such a transmitter are presented. Performance of the proposed high-power millimeter wave tube, the gyroklystron is discussed. Parameters of the proposed power amplifier, beam supply, and monitor and control devices are also presented. Microwave transmission line components consisting of signal monitoring devices, signal filtering devices, and an overmoded corrugated feed are discussed. Finally, an assessment of the state of the art technology to meet the system requirements is given and possible areas of difficulty are summarized.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: The Telecommun. and Data Acquisition Rept.; p 24-48
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    Improved Carrier Tracking by Smoothing Estimators (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-13
    Description: Smoothing as a way to improve the carrier phase estimation is proposed and analyzed. The performance of first and second order Kalman optimum smoothers are investigated. This performance is evaluated in terms of steady state covariance error computation, dynamic tracking, and noise response. It is shown that with practical amounts of memory, a second order smoother can have a position error due to an acceleration or jerk step input less than any prescribed maximum. As an example of importance to the NASA Deep Space Network, a second order smoother can be used to track the Voyager spacecraft at Uranus and Neptune encounters with significantly better performance than a second order phase locked loop.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: The Telecommunications and Data Acquisition Rept.; p 96-106
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    Superconducting Nbti and Pb(cu) Bandpass Filters (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-13
    Description: Superconducting Nb0.45Ti0.55 and Pb electroplated on Cu bandpass microwave filtes were constructed to investigate their low loss properties at 4.7 K. An interdigital stripline filter configuration was selected as the optimum structure for future applications. The filter was designed to operate at 8.45 GHz with an equal ripple bandwidth of 0.15 GHz. The insertion loss and the noise temperature contribution were measured at 4.7 K. In addition, the insertion loss was studied as a function of out of band power (up to 1 watt) and temperature (4.7 K up to T(c)). Results of an oxygen free high conductivity Cu filter are included for comparison.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: The Telecommunications and Data Acquisition Rept.; p 62-68
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    Smart motor technology (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Current spacecraft design relies upon microprocessor control; however, motors usually require extensive additional electronic circuitry to interface with these microprocessor controls. An improved control technique that allows a smart brushless motor to connect directly to a microprocessor control system is described. An actuator with smart motors receives a spacecraft command directly and responds in a closed loop control mode. In fact, two or more smart motors can be controlled for synchronous operation.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 18th Aerospace Mech. Symp.; p 301-318
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    Unifying view of transient responses for determining lifetime and surface recombination velocity in silicon diodes and back-surface-field solar cells, with application to experimental short-circuit-current decay (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices (ISSN 0018-9383); ED-31; 588-595
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  • 88
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    Circular waveguide bifurcation for asymmetric modes (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: An analytical solution for a circular waveguide bifurcation with incident TE(11)- and TM(11)-modes is presented using the residue calculus method. It is shown how the coupling between the TE(1n)- and TM(1n)-modes can be taken into account by expressing the coupling factor as a contour integral, which is the key step enabling the residue calculus method to be applied. Graphical results for the scattering matrix parameters of the junction are given for a range of waveguide radii of interest in the design of dual-mode coaxial prime focus feeds for paraboloidal antennas.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: IEE Proceedings, Part H - Microwaves, Optics and Antennas (ISSN 0143-7097); 131; 6 De
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    Method and apparatus for self-calibration and phasing of array antenna (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A technique for self-calibrating and phasing a lens-feed array antenna, while normal operation is stopped, utilizes reflected energy of a continuous and coherent wave broadcast by a transmitter through a central feed while a phase controller advances the phase angles of reciprocal phase shifters in radiation electronics of the array elements at different rates to provide a distinct frequency modulation of electromagnetic wave energy returned by reflection in one mode and leakage in another mode from the radiation electronics of each array element. The composite return signal received by a synchronous receiver goes through a Fourier transform processing system and produces a response function for each antenna element. Compensation of the phase angles for the antenna elements required to conform the antenna response to a precomputed array pattern is derived from the reciprocal square root of the response functions for the antenna elements which, for a rectangular array of NXM elements, is a response function T(n,m). A third mode of calibration uses an external pilot tone from a separate antenna element. Respective responses are thus obtained from the three modes of calibration.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NAS 1.71:NPO-15920-1
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    Inelastic tunnel diodes (1984)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Power is extracted from plasmons, photons, or other guided electromagnetic waves at infrared to midultraviolet frequencies by inelastic tunneling in metal-insulator-semiconductor-metal diodes. Inelastic tunneling produces power by absorbing plasmons to pump electrons to higher potential. Specifically, an electron from a semiconductor layer absorbs a plasmon and simultaneously tunnels across an insulator into metal layer which is at higher potential. The diode voltage determines the fraction of energy extracted from the plasmons; any excess is lost to heat.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NAS 1.71:LEW-13833-1
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    Hollow cathode apparatus (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A hollow cathode apparatus is described, which can be rapidly and reliably started. An ignitor positioned upstream from the hollow cathode, generates a puff of plasma that flows with the primary gas to be ionized through the cathode. The plasma puff creates a high voltage breakdown between the downstream end of the cathode and a keeper electrode, to heat the cathode to an electron-emitting temperature.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NAS 1.71:NPO-15560-1
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    Kinetics of Open Circuit Processes in Undischarged Li/SOC12 Cells (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The kinetics of the heat producing processes in undischarged Li/SOCl2 cells under open circuit conditions were measured by heat-conduction microcalorimetry. The cells studied, Honeywell type G2666 reserve cells, were activated as needed and the rate of open circuit heat output determined as a function of time since activation and temperature. The results at each temperature can be described by an equation of the form q = Bktx where q is the rate of heat output, B is the heat produced per unit of reaction, k and x are empirical constants, and t is the time since activation. Both x and k are found to be functions of temperature; therefore, accelerated testing at elevated temperatures is probably not valid for these cells until the processes involved are better understood.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: CONTRIB-336 , NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1983 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 109-116
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  • 93
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    Conceptual design of a noncontacting power transfer device for the ASPS Vernier system (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The conceptual of electrical power transfer across a magnetically controlled gap as discussed for several years. The design represents the culmination of the first serious attempt to design a very low force, noncontracting power transfer mechanism. The electromagnetic device advanced herein is an ironless, translatable secondary transformer in which one of the two coils is fixed to the entire magnetic core. The second coil is free to move within the core over the full range of motions required. The specific application considered for this design was the Vernier subsystem of the Annular Suspension and Pointing System (ASPS). The development of and rationale for the electromagnetics design is presented. Similar documentation is provided for the Electronics Design. The Appendices detail the results of small scale model tests, disturbance force calculations, the baseline transformer fabrication drawings, the AVS Converter Parts List, and model schematic diagrams.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA-CR-172238 , NAS 1.26:172238
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  • 94
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    A high voltage electrical power system for low Earth orbit applications (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The results of testing a high voltage electrical power system (EPS) breadboard using high voltage power processing equipment developed at Marshall Space Flight Center and Ni-Cd batteries are discussed. These test results are used to extrapolate to an efficient, reliable, high capacity EPS for near term low Earth orbit, high power applications. EPS efficiencies, figures of merit, and battery reliability with a battery protection and reconditioning circuit are presented.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA-TM-86453 , NAS 1.15:86453
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  • 95
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    Development of standardized specifications for screening space level integrated circuits and semiconductors (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Standardized methods are established for screening of JAN B microcircuits and JANTXV semiconductor components for space mission or other critical applications when JAN S devices are not available. General specifications are provided which outline the DPA (destructive physical analysis), environmental, electrical, and data requirements for screening of various component technologies. This standard was developed for Air Force Space Division, and is available for use by other DOD agencies, NASA, and space systems contractors for establishing common screening methods for electronic components.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA-CR-171100 , NAS 1.26:171100
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  • 96
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    X-ray Topographic Methods and Application to Analysis of Electronic Materials (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Three supplementary X-ray techniques new to semiconductor applications are discussed. These are the Computer Aided Rocking Curve Analyzer, the Divergent Beam Method and a new method based on enhanced X-ray flourescence. The first method is used for quantitative mapping of an elastic or plastic strain field while the other two methods are used only to measure elastic strains. The divergent beam method is used for measuring the full strain tensor while the microfluorescence method is useful for monitoring strain uniformity. These methods are discussed in detail and examples of their application is presented. Among these are determination of the full strain ellipsoid in state-of-the-art liquid phase epitaxy deposited III-V epitaxial films; mapping of the plastic strain concentrations in tensile deformed Si; and quantitative determination of damage in V3Si due to ion implantation.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: JPL Proc. of the Flat-Plate Solar Array Proj. Res. Forum on the High-Speed Growth and Characterization of Crystals for Solar Cells; p 593-606
    Format: text
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  • 97
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    An improved logarithmic amplifier circuit for PDS microdensitometers (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A high speed logarithmic amplifier circuit for the Perkin-Elmer PDS microdensitometer is discussed. The circuit is designed around an Analog Devices 757p log-amp module. The amplifier produces undistorted profiles of rapidly changing, dense ( 4) images over the available range of scanning speeds. The circuit board was designed to replace directly the manufacturer supplied unit; neither electrical nor mechanical modifications of the basic PDS are required. The performance of the circuit is illustrated through its effects on the overall modulation transfer function of the instrument and by scans of a well exposed stellar image. Circuit diagrams and parts lists a mechanism for obtaining either circuit board layout art work or finished circuit boards are presented.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Astron. Microdensitometry Conf.; p 163-173
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  • 98
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    Investigation of fast initialization of spacecraft bubble memory systems (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Bubble domain technology offers significant improvement in reliability and functionality for spacecraft onboard memory applications. In considering potential memory systems organizations, minimization of power in high capacity bubble memory systems necessitates the activation of only the desired portions of the memory. In power strobing arbitrary memory segments, a capability of fast turn on is required. Bubble device architectures, which provide redundant loop coding in the bubble devices, limit the initialization speed. Alternate initialization techniques are investigated to overcome this design limitation. An initialization technique using a small amount of external storage is demonstrated.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA-TM-85832 , NAS 1.15:85832
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  • 99
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    Users' manual for computer program for three-dimensional analysis of coupler-cavity traveling wave tubes (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The use of the coupled cavity traveling wave tube for space communications has led to an increased interest in improving the efficiency of the basic interaction process in these devices through velocity resynchronization and other methods. A flexible, three dimensional, axially symmetric, large signal computer program was developed for use on the IBM 370 time sharing system. A users' manual for this program is included.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA-CR-168269 , E-1930 , NAS 1.26:168269
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    Three phase power factor controller (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A power control circuit for a three phase induction motor is described. Power factors for the three phases are summed to provide a control signal, and this control signal is particularly filtered and then employed to control the duty cycle of each phase of input power to the motor.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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